Role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) in atherosclerosis

Biochemical Pharmacology

Volumn 60, Issue 8, 2000, Pages 1245-1250

  Neve, Bernadette P ^a   Fruchart, Jean Charles ^a   Staels, Bart ^a  

^a INSTITUT PASTEUR DE LILLE   (France)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Inflammation; Lipoproteins; PPAR

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN A1; APOLIPOPROTEIN C; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; ENDOTHELIN 1; GELATINASE B; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 6; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BINDING AFFINITY; FATTY ACID METABOLISM; FATTY ACID OXIDATION; GENE TARGETING; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; MONOCYTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBER; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

EID: 0034668205     PISSN: 00062952     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00430-5     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Braissant O., Foufelle F., Scotto C., Dauca M., Wahli W. Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Tissue distribution of PPARα, β and γ in the adult rat . Endocrinology. 137:1995;354-366.
2. Issemann I., Green S. Activation of a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily by peroxisome proliferators. Nature. 347:1990;645-650.
3. Zhou Y.C., Waxman D.J. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by chlorinated hydrocarbons and endogenous steroids. Environ Health Perspect. 106:1998;983-988.
4. Mansen A., Guardiola-Diaz H., Rafter J., Branting C., Gustafsson J.A. Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor in the mouse colonic mucosa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 222:1996;844-851.
5. Tontonoz P., Hu E., Graves R.A., Budavari A.I., Spiegelman B.M. mPPARγ2 Tissue-specific regulator of an adipocyte enhancer . Genes Dev. 8:1994;1224-1234.
6. Braissant O., Wahli W. Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, -β and -γ during rat embryonic development. Endocrinology. 139:1998;2748-2754.
7. Marx N., Sukhova G.M., Murphy C., Libby P., Plutzky J. Macrophages in human atheroma contain PPARgamma Differentiation-dependent PPARgamma expression and reduction of MMP-9 activity through PPARgamma activation in mononuclear phagocytes in vitro . Am J Pathol. 153:1998;17-23.
8. Tontonoz P., Nagy L., Alvarez J.G., Thomazy V.A., Evans R.M. PPARγ promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation and uptake of oxidized LDL. Cell. 93:1998;241-252.
9. Ricote M., Huang J., Fajas L., Li A., Welch J., Najib J., Witztum J.L., Auwerx J., Palinski W., Glass C.K. Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARgamma) in human atherosclerosis and regulation in macrophages by colony stimulating factors and oxidized low density lipoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;7614-7619.
10. Staels B., Koenig W., Habib A., Merval R., Lebret M., Pineda-Torra I., Delerive P., Fadel A., Chinetti G., Fruchart J.C., Najib J., Maclouf J., Tedgui A. Activation of human aortic smooth-muscle cells is inhibited by PPARα but not by PPARγ activators. Nature. 393:1998;790-793.
11. Chinetti G., Gbaguidi G.F., Griglio S., Mallat Z., Antonucci M., Poulain P., Chapman J., Fruchart J.C., Tedgui A., Najib-Fruchart J., Staels B. CLA-1/SR-BI is expressed in atherosclerotic lesion macrophages and regulated by activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Circulation. 101:2000;2411-2417.
12. Ijpenberg A., Jeannin E., Wahli W., Desvergne B. Polarity and specificity sequence requirements of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor/retinoid X receptor heterodimer binding to DNA. A functional analysis of the malic enzyme gene PPAR response element. J Biol Chem. 272:1997;20108-20117.
13. DiRenzo J., Söderström M., Kuokawa R., Ogliastro M.H., Ricote M., Ingrey S. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and retinoic acid receptors differentially control the interactions of retinoid X receptor heterodimers with ligands, coactivators and corepressors. Mol Cell Biol. 17:1997;2166-2176.
14. Nakshatri H., Bhat-Nakshatri P. Multiple parameters determine the specificity of transcriptional response by nuclear receptors HNF, ARP-1, PPAR, RAR and RXR through common response elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 26:1998;16114-16121.
15. Gervois P., Chopin-Delannoy S., Fadel A., Dubois G., Kosykh V., Fruchart J.-C., Najib J., Laudet V., Staels B. Fibrates increase human Rev-erbα expression in liver via a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor response element. Mol Endocrinol. 13:1999;400-409.
16. Göttlicher M., Widmark E., Li Q., Gustafsson J.A. Fatty acids activate chimera of the clofibric acid-activated receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89:1992;4653-4657.
17. Keller H., Dreyer C., Medin J., Mahfoudi A., Ozato K., Wahli W. Fatty acids and retinoids control lipid metabolism through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-retinoid X receptor heterodimers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 90:1993;2160-2164.
18. Forman B.M., Chen J., Evans R.M. Hypolipidemic drugs, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and eicosanoids are ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;4318-4323.
19. Kliewer S.A., Sundseth S.S., Jones S.A., Brown P.J., Wisely G.B., Koble C.S., Devchand P., Wahli W., Wilson T.M., Lenhard J.M., Lehmann J.M. Fatty acids and eicosanoids regulate gene expression through direct interactions with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;4318-4323.
20. Devchand P.R., Keller H., Peters J.M., Vazquez M., Gonzalez F.J., Wahli W. The PPARα-leukotriene B4 pathway to inflammation control. Nature. 384:1996;39-43.
21. Lehmann J.M., Lenhard J.M., Oliver B.B., Ringold G.M., Kliewer S.A. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ are activated by indomethacin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Biol Chem. 272:1997;3406-3410.
22. Nagy L., Tontonoz P., Alvarez J.G., Chen H., Evans R.M. Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARγ Cell. 93:1998;229-240.
23. Kliewer S.A., Lenhard J.M., Willson T.M., Patel I., Morris D.C., Lehmann J.M. A prostaglandin J2 metabolite binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and promotes adipocyte differentiation. Cell. 83:1995;813-819.
24. Forman B.M., Tontonoz P., Chen J., Brun R.P., Spiegelman B.M., Evans R.M. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14 prostaglandin J2 is a ligand for the adipocyte determination factor PPARγ Cell. 83:1995;803-812.
25. Lehmann J., Moore L., Smith-Oliver A., Wilkison W., Willson T., Kliewer S. An antidiabetic thiazolidinedione is a high affinity ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ J Biol Chem. 270:1995;12953-12956.
26. Robyr D., Wolffe A.L., Wahli W. Nuclear hormone receptor coregulators in action Diversity for shared tasks . Mol Endocrinol. 14:2000;329-347.
27. Puigserver P., Adelmant G., Wu Z., Fan M., Xu J., O'Malley B., Spiegelman B.M. Activation of PPARgamma coactivator-1 through transcription factor docking. Science. 286:1999;1368-1371.
28. Juge-Aubry C.E., Hammar E., Siegrist-Kaiser C., Pernin A., Takeshita A., Chin W.W., Burger A.G., Meier C.A. Regulation of the transcriptional activity of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha by phosphorylation of a ligand-independent trans-activating domain. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;10505-10510.
29. Shalev A., Siegrist-Kaiser C.A., Yen P.M., Wahli W., Burger A.G., Chin W.W., Meier C.A. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is a phosphoprotein Regulation by insulin . Endocrinology. 137:1996;4499-4502.
30. Adams M., Reginato M.J., Shao D., Lazar M.A., Chatterjee V.K. Transcriptional activation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is inhibited by phosphorylation at a consensus mitogen-activated protein kinase site. J Biol Chem. 272:1997;5128-5132.
31. Camp H.S., Tafuri S.R. Regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity by mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 272:1997;10811-10816.
32. Camp H.S., Tafuri S.R., Leff T. c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 1 and negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. Endocrinology. 140:1999;392-397.
33. Hu E., Kim J.B., Sarraf P., Spiegelman B.M. Inhibition of adipogenesis through MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PPARgamma. Science. 274:1996;2100-2103.
34. Reginato M.J., Krakow S.L., Bailey S.T., Lazar M.A. Prostaglandins promote and block adipogenesis through opposing effects on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. J Biol Chem. 273:1998;1855-1858.
35. Shao D., Rangwala S.M., Bailey S.T., Krakow S.L., Reginato M.J., Lazar M.A. Interdomain communication regulating ligand binding by PPAR-gamma. Nature. 396:1998;377-380.
36. Delerive P., De Bosscher K., Besnard S., Vanden Berghe W., Peters J.M., Gonzalez F.J., Fruchart J.C., Tedgui A., Haegeman G., Staels B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha negatively regulates the vascular inflammatory gene response by negative cross-talk with transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;32048-32054.
37. Delerive P., Martin-Nizard F., Chinetti G., Trottein F., Fruchart J.C., Duriez P., Staels B. PPAR activators inhibit thrombin-induced endothelin-1 production in human vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting the AP-1 signaling pathway. Circ Res. 85:1999;394-402.
38. Zhou Y.C., Waxman D.J. Cross-talk between janus kinase-signal transducer activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) and peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-α signaling pathway. Growth hormone inhibition of pparalpha transcriptional activity mediated by stat5b. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;2672-2681.
39. Ricote M., Li A.C., Willson T.M., Kelly C.J., Glass C.K. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is a negative regulator of macrophage activation. Nature. 391:1998;79-82.
40. Schoonjans K., Staels B., Auwerx J. Role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor in mediating the effects of fibrates and fatty acids on gene expression. J Lipid Res. 37:1996;907-925.
41. Vu-Dac N., Schoonjans K., Kosykh V., Dallongeville J., Fruchart J.-C., Staels B., Auwerx J. Fibrates increase human apolipoprotein A-II expression through activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. J Clin Invest. 96:1995;741-750.
42. Vu-Dac N., Schoonjans K., Laine B., Fruchart J., Auwerx J., Staels B. Negative regulation of the human apolipoprotein A-I promoter by fibrates can be attenuated by the interaction of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor with its response element. J Biol Chem. 269:1994;31012-31018.
43. Schoonjans K., Peinado-Onsurbe J., Lefebvre A.M., Heyman R.A., Briggs M., Deeb S., Staels B., Auwerx J. PPARalpha and PPARgamma activators direct a distinct tissue-specific transcriptional response via a PPRE in the lipoprotein lipase gene. EMBO J. 15:1996;5336-5348.
44. Staels B., Vu-Dac N., Kosykh V.A., Saladin R., Fruchart J.C., Dallongeville J., Auwerx J. Fibrates downregulate apolipoprotein C-III expression independent of induction of peroxisomal acyl coenzyme A oxidase. A potential mechanism for the hypolipidemic action of fibrates. J Clin Invest. 95:1995;705-712.
45. Motojima K., Passilly P., Peters J., Gonzalez F., Latruffe N. Expression of putative fatty acid transporter genes are regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma activators in a tissue- and inducer-specific manner. J Biol Chem. 273:1998;16710-16714.
46. Djouadi F., Weinheimer C.J., Saffitz J.E., Pitchford C., Bastin J., Gonzalez F.J., Kelly D.P. A gender-related defect in lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-deficient mice. J Clin Invest. 102:1998;1083-1091.
47. Brandt J., Djouadi F., Kelly D. Fatty acids activate transcription of the muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene in cardiac myocytes via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. J Biol Chem. 273:1998;23786-23792.
48. Mascaro C., Acosta E., Ortiz J., Marrero P., Hegardt F., Haro D. Control of human muscle-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene transcription by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. J Biol Chem. 273:1998;8560-8563.
49. Staels B., Dallongeville J., Auwerx J., Schoonjans K., Leitersdorf E., Fruchart J.-C. Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation. 98:1998;2088-2093.
50. Peters J.M., Hennuyer N., Staels B., Fruchart J.-C., Fievet C., Gonzalez F.J., Auwerx J. Alterations in lipoprotein metabolism in PPARα-deficient mice. J Biol Chem. 272:1997;27307-27312.
51. Aoyama T., Peters J.M., Iritani N., Nakajima T., Furihata K., Hashimoto T., Gonzalez F.J. Altered constitutive expression of fatty acid-metabolizing enzymes in mice lacking the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. J Biol Chem. 273:1998;5678-5684.
52. Meertens L.M., Miyata K.S., Cechetto J.D., Rachubinski R.A., Capone J.P. A mitochondrial ketogenic enzyme regulates its gene expression by association with the nuclear hormone receptor PPARalpha. EMBO J. 17:1998;6972-6978.
53. Kelly L.J., Vicario P.P., Thompson G.M., Candelore M.R., Doebber T.W., Ventre J., Wu M.S., Meurer R., Forrest M.J., Conner M.W., Cascieri M.A., Moller D.E. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma and alpha mediate in vivo regulation of uncoupling protein (UCP-1, UCP-2, UCP-3) gene expression. Endocrinology. 139:1998;4920-4927.
54. Teruel T., Clapham J.C., Smith S.A. PPARalpha activation by Wy 14643 induces transactivation of the rat UCP-1 promoter without increasing UCP-1 mRNA levels and attenuates PPARgamma-mediated increases in UCP-1 mRNA levels induced by rosiglitazone in fetal rat brown adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 264:1999;311-315.
55. Kersten S., Seydoux J., Peters J.M., Gonzalez F.J., Desvergne B., Wahli W. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α mediates the adaptive response to fasting. J Clin Invest. 103:1999;1489-1498.
56. Fajas L., Fruchart J.-C., Auwerx J. Transcriptional control of adipogenesis. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 10:1998;165-173.
57. Spiegelman B.M., Hu E., Kim J.B., Brun R. PPAR gamma and the control of adipogenesis. Biochimie. 79:1997;111-112.
58. Rosen E.D., Sarraf P., Troy A.E., Bradwin G., Moore K., Milstone D.S., Spiegelman B.M., Mortensen R.M. PPAR gamma is required for the differentiation of adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cell. 4:1999;611-617.
59. Kubota N., Terauchi Y., Miki H., Tamemoto H., Yamauchi T., Komeda K., Satoh S., Nakano R., Ishii C., Sugiyama T., Eto K., Tsubamoto Y., Okuno A., Murakami K., Sekihara H., Hasegawa G., Naito M., Toyoshima Y., Tanaka S., Shiota K., Kitamura T., Fujita T., Ezaki O., Aizawa S., Kadowaki T., et al. PPAR gamma mediates high-fat diet-induced adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance. Mol Cell. 4:1999;597-609.
60. Zaman A.G., Helft G., Worthley S.G., Badimon J.J. The role of plaque rupture and thrombosis in coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 149:2000;251-266.
61. Ross R. Atherosclerosis - An inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med. 340:1999;115-126.
62. Frick M.H., Syvanne M., Nieminen M.S., Kauma H., Majahalme S., Virtanen V., Kesaniemi Y.A., Pasternak A., Taskinen M.R. Prevention of the angiographic progression of coronary and vein-graft atherosclerosis by gemfibrozil after coronary bypass surgery in men with low levels of HDL cholesterol. Circulation. 96:1997;2137-2143.
63. Ericsson C., Hamsten A., Nilsson J., Grip L., Svane B., de Faire U. Angiographic assessment of effects of bezafibrate on progression of coronary artery disease in young male postinfarction patients. Lancet. 347:1996;849-853.
64. Saitoh K., Mori T.K., Kasai H., Nagayama T., Tsuchiya A., Ohbayashi S. Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug. I Anti-atheromatous effects are independent of its hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol-fed rabbits . Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 106:1995;41-50.
65. Law R., Meehan W., Xi X., Graf K., Wuthrich D., Coats W., Faxon D., Hsueh W. Troglitazone inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell growth and intimal hyperplasia. J Clin Invest. 98:1998;1897-1905.
66. Marx N., Schönbeck U., Lazar M.A., Libby P., Plutzky J. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators inhibit gene expression and migration in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res. 83:1999;1097-1103.
67. Chinetti G., Griglio S., Antonucci M., Pineda Torra I., Delerive P., Majd Z., Fruchart J.C., Chapman J., Najib J., Staels B. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ induces apoptosis of human monocyte-derived macrophages. J Biol Chem. 273:1998;25573-25580.
68. Tontonoz P., Nagy L. Regulation of macrophage gene expression by peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma Implications for cardiovascular disease . Curr Opin Lipidol. 10:1999;485-490.
69. Jiang C., Ting A.T., Seed B. PPAR-γ agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines. Nature. 391:1998;82-86.
70. Murao K., Imachi H., Momoi A., Sayo Y., Hosokawa H., Sato M., Ishida T., Takahara J. Thiazolidinediones inhibit the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in cytokine-treated human vascular endothelial cells. FEBS Lett. 454:1999;27-30.
71. Pasceri V., Wu H.D., Willerson J.T., Yeh E.T. Modulation of vascular inflammation in vitro and in vivo by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators. Circulation. 101:2000;235-238.
72. Su G.C., Wen X., Bailey S.T., Jiang W., Rangwala S.M., Keilbaugh S.A., Flanigan A., Murthy S., Lazar M.A., Wu G.D. A novel therapy for colitis utilizing PPAR-gamma ligands to inhibit the epithelial inflammatory response. J Clin Invest. 104:1999;383-389.
73. Lefebvre A.M., Chen I., Desreumaux P., Najib J., Fruchart J.C., Geboes K., Briggs M., Heyman R., Auwerx J. Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma promotes the development of colon tumors in C57BL/6J-APCMin/+ mice. Nat Med. 4:1998;1053-1057.
74. Pasceri V., Yeh E.T. A tale of two diseases Atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis . Circulation. 100:1999;2124-2126.
75. Jackson S.M., Parhami F., Xi X.P., Berliner J.A., Hsueh W.A., Law R.E., Demer L.L. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activators target human endothelial cells to inhibit leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 19:1999;2094-2104.