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Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, this work identifies SMN, a protein mutated in SMA patients, as a BCL-2-binding protein. SMN and BCL-2 function synergistically to block cell death. This paper links a motor neuorn degenerative disorder to BCL-2 activity and assigns SMN a new function. of special interest
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Nature
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0031034997
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of special interest. See annotation [29].
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Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Lane BR, Dixit VM. Interaction of CED-4 with CED-3 and CED-9: a molecular framework for cell death. of special interest Science. 275:1997;1122-1126 See annotation [29].
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Chinnaiyan, A.M.1
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26
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0031019739
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of special interest. See annotation [29].
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Spector MS, Desnoyers S, Hoeppener DJ, Hengartner MO. Interaction between the C-elegans cell-death regulators Ced-9 and Ced-4. of special interest Nature. 385:1997;653-656 See annotation [29].
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Nature
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Spector, M.S.1
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0030951345
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of special interest. See annotation [29].
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of special interest. See annotation [29].
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Science
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Wu, D.1
Wallen, H.D.2
Nunez, G.3
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29
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0030826436
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Interaction and regulation of the Caenorhabditis elegans death protease CED-3 by CED-4 and CED-9
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of special interest. These five papers [25-29] describe physical interactions between CED-9, CED-4 and CED-3. This is the first evidence that BCL-2 proteins directly regulate caspases via CED-4.
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Wu D, Wallen HD, Inohara N, Nunez G. Interaction and regulation of the Caenorhabditis elegans death protease CED-3 by CED-4 and CED-9. of special interest J Biol Chem. 272:1997;21449-21454 These five papers [25-29] describe physical interactions between CED-9, CED-4 and CED-3. This is the first evidence that BCL-2 proteins directly regulate caspases via CED-4.
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J Biol Chem
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Wu, D.1
Wallen, H.D.2
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Nunez, G.4
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0031194404
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Caenorhabditis elegans CED-4 stimulates CED-3 processing and CED-3-induced apoptosis
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of outstanding interest. The authors transiently expressed ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 to study their interactions and functions. This is the first report indicating that CED-4 stimulates CED-3 processing to generate an active caspase and induce apoptosis. This study confirms that CED-4 is regulated by interacting with CED-9.
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Seshagiri S, Miller LK. Caenorhabditis elegans CED-4 stimulates CED-3 processing and CED-3-induced apoptosis. of outstanding interest Curr Biol. 7:1997;455-460 The authors transiently expressed ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 to study their interactions and functions. This is the first report indicating that CED-4 stimulates CED-3 processing to generate an active caspase and induce apoptosis. This study confirms that CED-4 is regulated by interacting with CED-9.
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Curr Biol
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Seshagiri, S.1
Miller, L.K.2
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31
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0030821826
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Role of Ced-4 in the activation of Ced-3
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of special interest. This paper shows that CED-4 catalyses CED-3 processing in vitro and that ATP is required for this process; thus, providing a direct functional link between CED-4 and CED-3.
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Chinnaiyan AM, Chaudhary D, O'Rourke K, Koonin EV, Dixit VM. Role of Ced-4 in the activation of Ced-3. of special interest Nature. 388:1997;728-729 This paper shows that CED-4 catalyses CED-3 processing in vitro and that ATP is required for this process; thus, providing a direct functional link between CED-4 and CED-3.
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Nature
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Chinnaiyan, A.M.1
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0030745646
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Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C-elegans Ced-4, participates in cytochrome C-dependent activation of caspase-3
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of outstanding interest. This group uses an elegant biochemical system to purify proteins essential for caspase-3 activation from cytosolic extracts. They identified a protein with homology to CED-4 as one of the three components necessary to mediate processing of caspase-3 in vitro.
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Zou H, Henzel WJ, Liu XS, Lutschg A, Wang XD. Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C-elegans Ced-4, participates in cytochrome C-dependent activation of caspase-3. of outstanding interest Cell. 90:1997;405-413 This group uses an elegant biochemical system to purify proteins essential for caspase-3 activation from cytosolic extracts. They identified a protein with homology to CED-4 as one of the three components necessary to mediate processing of caspase-3 in vitro.
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Cell
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Zou, H.1
Henzel, W.J.2
Liu, X.S.3
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Wang, X.D.5
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33
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0030715323
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Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/Caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade
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of special interest. This study directly links a specific caspase with the ced-4 homologue. Apaf-1. It provides a molecular mechanisms for the activation of caspases by CED-4 homologues.
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Li P, Nijhawan D, Budihardjo I, Srinivasula S, Ahmad M, Alnemri E, Wang X. Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/Caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade. of special interest Cell. 91:1997;479-489 This study directly links a specific caspase with the ced-4 homologue. Apaf-1. It provides a molecular mechanisms for the activation of caspases by CED-4 homologues.
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Cell
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Li, P.1
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The gene for neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein is partially deleted in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy
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Genetic and metabolic status of NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons saved by an inhibitor of ICE family proteases
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of special interest. Caspases inhibitors that block sympathetic neuron apoptosis triggered by NGF withdrawal act downstream of cyclohexamide. Activation of caspases marks the death commitment point at which neurons can no longer be rescued by NGF. This well-characterized experimental paradigm of neuronal apoptosis allows the ordering of the molecular events leading to death.
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Johnson E.M., Jr.6
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Mutant presenilins of Alzheimer's disease increase production of 42-residue amyloid beta-protein in both transfected cells ad transgenic mice
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Increased amyloid-beta42(43) in brains of mice expressing mutant presenilin 1
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Duff, K.1
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The presenilin 2 mutation (N1411) linked to familial Alzheimer disease (Volga German families) increases the secretion of amyloid beta protein ending at the 42nd (or 43rd) residue
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of special interest. These four papers [44-47] link the two known causative factors of Alzheimer's disease: amyloid and presenilins. Presenilin mutations associated with familial Alzheimer's disease increase the production of Aβ42 in transgenic animals and cells.
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Tomita T, Maruyama K, Saido TC, Kume H, Shinozaki K, Tokuhiro S, Capell A, Walter J, Grunberg J, Haas C, et al. The presenilin 2 mutation (N1411) linked to familial Alzheimer disease (Volga German families) increases the secretion of amyloid beta protein ending at the 42nd (or 43rd) residue. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;2025-2030 These four papers [44-47] link the two known causative factors of Alzheimer's disease: amyloid and presenilins. Presenilin mutations associated with familial Alzheimer's disease increase the production of Aβ42 in transgenic animals and cells.
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49
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Participation of presenilin 2 in apoptosis - Enhanced basal activity conferred by an Alzheimer mutation
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of outstanding interest. PS2 antisense conferred protection against neuronal apoptosis induced by NGF deprivation of or βAPP expression. PS2 mutations linked to FAD generated a protein with apoptotic activity.
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Wolozin B, Iwasaki K, Vito P, Ganjei JK, Lacana E, Sunderland T, Zhao BY, Kusiak JW, Wasco V, Dadamio L. Participation of presenilin 2 in apoptosis - enhanced basal activity conferred by an Alzheimer mutation. of outstanding interest Science. 274:1996;1710-1713 PS2 antisense conferred protection against neuronal apoptosis induced by NGF deprivation of or βAPP expression. PS2 mutations linked to FAD generated a protein with apoptotic activity.
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50
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Requirement of the familial Alzheimer's disease gene PS2 for apoptosis - Opposing effect of ALG-3
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of outstanding interest. This work identifies a truncated 10 kDa PS2 carboxy-terminal fragment that acts as a dominant-negative of PS2 to protect T cells from Fas-induced apoptosis and PC12 cells from NGF-deprivation-induced death.
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Vito P, Wolozin B, Ganjei JK, Iwasaki K, Lacana E, Dadamio L. Requirement of the familial Alzheimer's disease gene PS2 for apoptosis - opposing effect of ALG-3. of outstanding interest J Biol Chem. 271:1996;31025-31028 This work identifies a truncated 10 kDa PS2 carboxy-terminal fragment that acts as a dominant-negative of PS2 to protect T cells from Fas-induced apoptosis and PC12 cells from NGF-deprivation-induced death.
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51
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Alternative cleavage of Alzheimer-associated presenilins during apoptosis by a caspase-3 family protease
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of outstanding interest. This study links caspases to Alzheimer's disease by describing how presenilin-bearing FAD mutations are cleaved by caspase-3. Alternative processing generates a carboxy-terminal fragment that is able to elevate Aβ42 release as well as apoptosis.
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Kim TW, Pettingell WH, Yung YK, Kovacs DM, Tanzi RE. Alternative cleavage of Alzheimer-associated presenilins during apoptosis by a caspase-3 family protease. of outstanding interest Science. 277:1997;373-376 This study links caspases to Alzheimer's disease by describing how presenilin-bearing FAD mutations are cleaved by caspase-3. Alternative processing generates a carboxy-terminal fragment that is able to elevate Aβ42 release as well as apoptosis.
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Kostic V, Jackson-Lewis V, de Bilbao F, Dubois-Dauphin M, Przedborski S. Bcl-2: prolonging life in transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. of special interest Science. 277:1997;559-562 This is the first successful attempt at using BCL-2 to delay symptoms of motor neuron degeneration caused by a neurological disorder. This work also indicates that BCL-2 acts early in the apoptotic pathway, before c-Jun expression increases.
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Science
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