메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 277, Issue 5324, 1997, Pages 373-376

Alternative cleavage of Alzheimer-associated presenilins during apoptosis by a caspase-3 family protease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASPARAGINE; CASPASE; CYSTEINE PROTEINASE; GENE PRODUCT; MUTANT PROTEIN; PRESENILIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0030868903     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.277.5324.373     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (333)

References (48)
  • 6
    • 0030174981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. E. Tanzi et al., Neurobiol. Dis. 3, 159 (1996); J. Hardy, Trends Neurosci. 20, 154 (1997).
    • (1996) Neurobiol. Dis. , vol.3 , pp. 159
    • Tanzi, R.E.1
  • 7
    • 0031052381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. E. Tanzi et al., Neurobiol. Dis. 3, 159 (1996); J. Hardy, Trends Neurosci. 20, 154 (1997).
    • (1997) Trends Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 154
    • Hardy, J.1
  • 8
  • 11
    • 10544224542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B. Wolozin et al., Science 274, 1710 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1710
    • Wolozin, B.1
  • 12
    • 0030891662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Q. Guo et al., Neuroreport 8, 379 (1996).
    • (1996) Neuroreport , vol.8 , pp. 379
    • Guo, Q.1
  • 14
    • 9844247066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The anti-PS2Loop is a PS2-specific antibody raised against the large hydrophilic loop domain following predicted transmembrane domain six of PS2 (7). Protein Quantitation, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE; 4 to 20% or 16%), and protein immunoblotting were done as described (9) except that the lysis buffer [10mM tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100, 0.5% NP-40, 5 mM EDTA plus either 0.3% SDS or 1% Sarkosyl] contained protease inhibitors, allowing for the efficient extraction of the 20-kD COOH-terminal fragment from the detergent-resistant fractions. Except in Figs. 1B and 3C (4 to 20% gradient gel), all SDS-PAGE was performed with 16% gels.
  • 16
    • 9844256164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The 26- and 20-kD CTFs were absent in the uninduced samples (Fig. 1, lanes 9 to 12) and could be immunoprecipitated with antibodies to the FLAG epitope (14), indicating that these fragments were derived from the PS2 transgene. The 26-kD fragment is most likely the normal 25-kD cleavage product plus the eight-amino acid FLAG epitope tag. In the previous study (9), the regulated 26-kD normal cleavage product was not detectable on protein immunoblots with the relatively insensitive antibody to FLAG. As shown for PS1 (7), the generation of the normal PS2-CTF appears to be a regulated endoproteolytic event. This is evidenced by the observation that levels of the 26-kD transgene-derived PS2-CTF were not considerably greater than those of the native 25-kD CTF in the uninduced cells. Additionally, levels of the native 25-kD CTF were diminished in the induced cells, suggesting that the production of the transgene-derived CTF led to an attenuation in the amount of endogenous CTF. A similar type of "replacement" phenomenon has been reported for PS1 in transgenic mice expressing human PS1 (7). In contrast, the alternative 20-kD PS2-CTF did not appear to be generated in a regulated fashion (9).
  • 17
    • 0009530192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E. S. Alnemri et al., Cell 87, 171 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 171
    • Alnemri, E.S.1
  • 18
    • 0029125701 scopus 로고
    • S. J. Martin and D. R. Green, ibid. 82, 349 (1995); A. M. Chinnaiyan and V. M. Dixit, Curr. Biol. 6, 555 (1996).
    • (1995) Cell , vol.82 , pp. 349
    • Martin, S.J.1    Green, D.R.2
  • 20
    • 9844256163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Relative amounts of 20-kD PS2 fragments from the cells cotreated with 1 μM STS (18 hours) plus either zVAD or zDEVD (1 to 200 μM) were measured by transmittance analysis of the protein immunoblot as described (13, 35). Twenty-five micromolar zVAD was as effective as 100 μM zDEVD in inhibiting apoptosis-induced cleavage of PS2. The amounts of 20-kD fragments from the cells treated with STS atone were standardized as 100%.
  • 23
    • 0029046470 scopus 로고
    • Y. A. Lazebnik et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 9042 (1995); N. Neamati et al., J. Immunol. 154, 1693 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Immunol. , vol.154 , pp. 1693
    • Neamati, N.1
  • 24
    • 9844265484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In addition to H4 human neuroglioma cells, all findings were confirmed in native SK-N-SC neuroblastoma cells (14).
  • 26
    • 0029871920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • X. Wang et al., EMBO J. 15, 1012 (1996).
    • (1996) EMBO J. , vol.15 , pp. 1012
    • Wang, X.1
  • 29
    • 9844233254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Alternative endoproteolysis sites for PS2 are localized within the domain after predicted transmembrane domain 5, encoded by exon 11 (formerly exon 10) (36).
  • 30
    • 9844253969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The point mutations in the potential aspartate cleavage sites of PS2 (D326A and D329A) and control aspartate (P308A) were introduced into a PS2 open reading frame by site-directed mutagenesis with Muta-Gene phagemid kit (Bio-Rad). The inducibte construct encoding the ful-length PS1 with 3′ FLAG epitope sequence was generated as deserted for PS2 (9). To establish the inducible PS1 cefe, we sequenced the resulting constructs and stably transfected them into the H4 human neuroglioma founder cell line as described for the PS2-inducible cells (9).
  • 34
    • 9844244090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Values (mean ± SD, n = 30; *P < 0.05) representing the ratios of alternative:normal CTF in multiple wild-type and FAD mutant (N141I) PS2 clonal lines induced for 24 hours were determined (73, 36). Data from three independent experiments with five different wild-type and mutant PS2 clonal lines paired according to expression level were used.
  • 36
    • 16044373524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Scheuner et al., Nature Med. 2, 864 (1996); T. Tomita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 2025 (1997); D. R. Borchelt et al., Neuron 17, 1005 (1996); M. Citron et al., Nature Med. 3, 67 (1997); K. Duff et al., Nature 383, 710 (1996); W. Xia et al., J Biol. Chem. 272, 7977 (1997).
    • (1996) Nature Med. , vol.2 , pp. 864
    • Scheuner, D.1
  • 37
    • 12644258498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Scheuner et al., Nature Med. 2, 864 (1996); T. Tomita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 2025 (1997); D. R. Borchelt et al., Neuron 17, 1005 (1996); M. Citron et al., Nature Med. 3, 67 (1997); K. Duff et al., Nature 383, 710 (1996); W. Xia et al., J Biol. Chem. 272, 7977 (1997).
    • (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.94 , pp. 2025
    • Tomita, T.1
  • 38
    • 0030293676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Scheuner et al., Nature Med. 2, 864 (1996); T. Tomita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 2025 (1997); D. R. Borchelt et al., Neuron 17, 1005 (1996); M. Citron et al., Nature Med. 3, 67 (1997); K. Duff et al., Nature 383, 710 (1996); W. Xia et al., J Biol. Chem. 272, 7977 (1997).
    • (1996) Neuron , vol.17 , pp. 1005
    • Borchelt, D.R.1
  • 39
    • 16944362157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Scheuner et al., Nature Med. 2, 864 (1996); T. Tomita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 2025 (1997); D. R. Borchelt et al., Neuron 17, 1005 (1996); M. Citron et al., Nature Med. 3, 67 (1997); K. Duff et al., Nature 383, 710 (1996); W. Xia et al., J Biol. Chem. 272, 7977 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature Med. , vol.3 , pp. 67
    • Citron, M.1
  • 40
    • 16044366039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Scheuner et al., Nature Med. 2, 864 (1996); T. Tomita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 2025 (1997); D. R. Borchelt et al., Neuron 17, 1005 (1996); M. Citron et al., Nature Med. 3, 67 (1997); K. Duff et al., Nature 383, 710 (1996); W. Xia et al., J Biol. Chem. 272, 7977 (1997).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , pp. 710
    • Duff, K.1
  • 41
    • 16944365745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Scheuner et al., Nature Med. 2, 864 (1996); T. Tomita et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 2025 (1997); D. R. Borchelt et al., Neuron 17, 1005 (1996); M. Citron et al., Nature Med. 3, 67 (1997); K. Duff et al., Nature 383, 710 (1996); W. Xia et al., J Biol. Chem. 272, 7977 (1997).
    • (1997) J Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 7977
    • Xia, W.1
  • 42
    • 0027191973 scopus 로고
    • G. Forloni et al., Neuroreport 4, 523 (1993); D. Loo et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 7951 (1993); F. M. LaFerla et al., Nature Genet. 9, 21 (1995).
    • (1993) Neuroreport , vol.4 , pp. 523
    • Forloni, G.1
  • 43
    • 0027257708 scopus 로고
    • G. Forloni et al., Neuroreport 4, 523 (1993); D. Loo et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 7951 (1993); F. M. LaFerla et al., Nature Genet. 9, 21 (1995).
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.90 , pp. 7951
    • Loo, D.1
  • 44
    • 0028981717 scopus 로고
    • G. Forloni et al., Neuroreport 4, 523 (1993); D. Loo et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 7951 (1993); F. M. LaFerla et al., Nature Genet. 9, 21 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 21
    • LaFerla, F.M.1
  • 48
    • 9844266332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank G. Thinakaran and S. Sisodia for antibodies and J. Henderson for technical assistance. Supported by grants from the National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Metropolitan Life Foundation. R.E.T. is a Pew Scholar, D.M.K. is a French Foundation Fellow, and T.-W. K. is a recipient of a National Research Service Award.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.