메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-38

Epitaxial Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells on Low Cost Silicon Carriers

(1)  Poortmans, Jef a  

a IMEC   (Belgium)

Author keywords

'wafer scale' approach; Epitaxial cell approach and deposition technology level; Epitaxial solar cell result and analysis; Epitaxial thin film crystalline silicon solar cells; Ion assisted deposition (IAD); Liquid phase epitaxy; Optical confinement; Stacked epitaxial reactor (SER)

Indexed keywords

CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ION BEAM ASSISTED DEPOSITION; LIQUID PHASE EPITAXY; MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY; SILICON WAFERS; SOLAR CELLS; SPUTTERING; THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS; THIN FILMS;

EID: 84959158670     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/0470091282.ch1     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (60)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 0032593262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling light trapping and electronic transport of waffle-shaped crystalline thin-film Si solar cells
    • R. Brendel and D. Scholten, 'Modeling light trapping and electronic transport of waffle-shaped crystalline thin-film Si solar cells', Applied Physics A (Materials Science and Processing). vol.A69, no.2; p.201-213. (1999).
    • (1999) Applied Physics A (Materials Science and Processing) , vol.A69 , Issue.2 , pp. 201-213
    • Brendel, R.1    Scholten, D.2
  • 6
    • 84959153242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poly-Si films prepared by thermal CVD on flowable oxide layers coated ceramic substrates
    • E-MRS 2005 Spring Meeting, Strasbourg, May 31-June 3
    • A. Focsa, A. Slaoui, E. Pihan, F. Snijkers, P. Leempoel, G. Beaucarne and J. Poortmans, 'Poly-Si films prepared by thermal CVD on flowable oxide layers coated ceramic substrates', E-MRS 2005 Spring Meeting, Strasbourg, May 31-June 3 (2005).
    • (2005)
    • Focsa, A.1    Slaoui, A.2    Pihan, E.3    Snijkers, F.4    Leempoel, P.5    Beaucarne, G.6    Poortmans, J.7
  • 7
    • 84959075774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • oc above 500 mV' and I. Gordon, K. Van Nieuwenhuysen, L. Carnel, D. Van Gestel, G. Beaucarne, 'Development of interdigitated solar cell and module processes for polycrystalline-silicon thin films
    • presented at the E-MRS 2005 Spring Meeting, Strasbourg, May 31-June 3, and to be published in Thin Solid Films
    • oc above 500 mV' and I. Gordon, K. Van Nieuwenhuysen, L. Carnel, D. Van Gestel, G. Beaucarne, 'Development of interdigitated solar cell and module processes for polycrystalline-silicon thin films', presented at the E-MRS 2005 Spring Meeting, Strasbourg, May 31-June 3 (2005) and to be published in Thin Solid Films.
    • (2005)
    • Carnel, L.1    Van Gestel, D.2    Gordon, I.3    van Nieuwenhuysen, K.4    Beaucarne, G.5    Poortmans, J.6
  • 14
    • 84859796742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Cluster on High- and Intermediate thin-film crystalline Si solar cells R & D: overview of running projects and underlying roadmap
    • Paris, 7-11 June
    • J. Poortmans, S. Reber, S. Gall, C. Zahedi and J. Alonso, 'European Cluster on High- and Intermediate thin-film crystalline Si solar cells R & D: overview of running projects and underlying roadmap', Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Photovoltaic Conference, Paris, 7-11 June, p.397-402 (2004).
    • (2004) Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Photovoltaic Conference , pp. 397-402
    • Poortmans, J.1    Reber, S.2    Gall, S.3    Zahedi, C.4    Alonso, J.5
  • 15
    • 84959138546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar Grade Silicon from metallurgical route
    • There is one company dedicated to the production of solar grade Si (SGS, USA) whereas several other companies (Hemlock, USA; Wacker, Germany; Tokuyama, Japan) are developing specific production lines for the production of solar grade Si (Fluidized bed reactors for Wacker, vapor to liquid reactor for Tokuyama). Elkem, Norway is developing its own route based on upgrading metallurgical Si see e.g., Bangkok, Thailand, January 26-February 1
    • There is one company dedicated to the production of solar grade Si (SGS, USA) whereas several other companies (Hemlock, USA; Wacker, Germany; Tokuyama, Japan) are developing specific production lines for the production of solar grade Si (Fluidized bed reactors for Wacker, vapor to liquid reactor for Tokuyama). Elkem, Norway is developing its own route based on upgrading metallurgical Si see e.g. C. Zahedi, E. Enebakk, K. Friestad, M. G. Dolmen, J. Heide, T. Buseth, R. Tronstad, C. Dethloff, K. Peter, R. Kopecek, I. Melnyk and P. Fath, 'Solar Grade Silicon from metallurgical route', Technical Digest of the Fourteenth International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-14), Bangkok, Thailand, January 26-February 1, p. 673-676, (2004).
    • (2004) Technical Digest of the Fourteenth International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-14) , pp. 673-676
    • Zahedi, C.1    Enebakk, E.2    Friestad, K.3    Dolmen, M.G.4    Heide, J.5    Buseth, T.6    Tronstad, R.7    Dethloff, C.8    Peter, K.9    Kopecek, R.10    Melnyk, I.11    Fath, P.12
  • 20
    • 0042787930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of industrial processing techniques to thin-film crystalline solar cells on highly doped defected silicon substrates
    • J. Poortmans, J., F. Duerinckx, F, J. Nijs, J., N. Mason, N., T. Bruton, B. Garrard, B., T. Ulset and W. Warta, 'Large-area epitaxial thin-film solar cells on metallurgical-grade Si substrates'. Proceedings of the Sixteenth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; May 2000; Glasgow, Scotland, p. 1549-1552 (2000)
    • see e.g. T. Vermeulen, J. Poortmans, M. Caymax, F. Duerinckx, S. Maene, J. Szlufcik, J. Nijs, R. Mertens, N. B. Mason and T. M. Bruton, 'Application of industrial processing techniques to thin-film crystalline solar cells on highly doped defected silicon substrates', 'Proceedings of the SecondWorld Conference on PV Solar Energy Conversion', p.1209-1214 (1998) and J. Poortmans, J., F. Duerinckx, F, J. Nijs, J., N. Mason, N., T. Bruton, B. Garrard, B., T. Ulset and W. Warta, 'Large-area epitaxial thin-film solar cells on metallurgical-grade Si substrates'. Proceedings of the Sixteenth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; May 2000; Glasgow, Scotland, p. 1549-1552 (2000).
    • (1998) Proceedings of the SecondWorld Conference on PV Solar Energy Conversion , pp. 1209-1214
    • Vermeulen, T.1    Poortmans, J.2    Caymax, M.3    Duerinckx, F.4    Maene, S.5    Szlufcik, J.6    Nijs, J.7    Mertens, R.8    Mason, N.B.9    Bruton, T.M.10
  • 22
    • 0001753882 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of the chemical vapour deposition of silicon
    • Ed. E. Kaldis), North-Holland Publishing Company
    • J. Bloem and L. J. Giling, 'Mechanisms of the chemical vapour deposition of silicon', Current Topics in Materials Science (Ed. E. Kaldis), North-Holland Publishing Company (1985).
    • (1985) Current Topics in Materials Science
    • Bloem, J.1    Giling, L.J.2
  • 23
    • 58349096647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. survey of the European activities and progress in the field of CVD-grown crystalline Si thin-films for solar cells on low-cost insulating substrates
    • May 2000; Glasgow, Scotland
    • J. Poortmans, A. Diet, A., and A. Räuber, 'A. survey of the European activities and progress in the field of CVD-grown crystalline Si thin-films for solar cells on low-cost insulating substrates'. Proceedings of the Sixteenth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; May 2000; Glasgow, Scotland, p.1077-1082 (2000).
    • (2000) Proceedings of the Sixteenth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition , pp. 1077-1082
    • Poortmans, J.1    Diet, A.A.2    Räuber, A.3
  • 27
    • 0141964067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of direct epitaxial silicon thin film solar cells on a low-cost substrate
    • Z. C. Liang, H. Shen, N. S. Xu and S. Reber Characterisation of direct epitaxial silicon thin film solar cells on a low-cost substrate', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 80, no.2; p. 181-193 (2003).
    • (2003) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-193
    • Liang, Z.C.1    Shen, H.2    Xu, N.S.3    Reber, S.4
  • 28
    • 0028499801 scopus 로고
    • Semiconductor liquid phase epitaxy for solar cell application
    • see e.g. M. Konuma, I. Silier, E. Czech and E. Bauser, 'Semiconductor liquid phase epitaxy for solar cell application', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. vol.34, no.1-4; p.251-256, (1994).
    • (1994) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.34 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 251-256
    • Konuma, M.1    Silier, I.2    Czech, E.3    Bauser, E.4
  • 30
    • 0027835872 scopus 로고
    • Silicon films incorporating a drift-field grown by liquid phase epitaxy for solar cell applications
    • R. Bergmann, S. Robinson, Z. Shi and J. Kurianski, 'Silicon films incorporating a drift-field grown by liquid phase epitaxy for solar cell applications', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol.31, no.3; p. 447-451 (1993).
    • (1993) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 447-451
    • Bergmann, R.1    Robinson, S.2    Shi, Z.3    Kurianski, J.4
  • 32
    • 0029218914 scopus 로고
    • Silicon layers on polycrystalline Si substrates - influence of growth parameters during liquid phase epitaxy
    • B. Steiner and G. Wagner, 'Silicon layers on polycrystalline Si substrates - influence of growth parameters during liquid phase epitaxy', Journal of Crystal Growth. vol.146; p. 293-298 (1995).
    • (1995) Journal of Crystal Growth , vol.146 , pp. 293-298
    • Steiner, B.1    Wagner, G.2
  • 37
    • 84949552266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Material properties of polysilicon layers deposited by atmospheric pressure iodine vapor transport
    • Anchorage 15-22 September 2000, and T. H. Wang, T. F. Ciszek, M. R. Page, R. E. Bauer, Q.Wang and M. D. Landry, 'APIVT-grown silicon thin layers and PV devices', Conference Record of the Twenty-nineth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, New Orleans, May, 19-24, 2002, p.94-97 (2002)
    • T. H. Wang, T. F. Ciszek, M. Page, Y. Yan, R. Bauer, Q. Wang, J. Casey, R. Reedy, R. Matson, R. Ahrenkiel and M. M. Al-Jassim, 'Material properties of polysilicon layers deposited by atmospheric pressure iodine vapor transport', Conference Record of the Twenty-eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Anchorage 15-22 September 2000, p.138-141 (2000) and T. H. Wang, T. F. Ciszek, M. R. Page, R. E. Bauer, Q.Wang and M. D. Landry, 'APIVT-grown silicon thin layers and PV devices', Conference Record of the Twenty-nineth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, New Orleans, May, 19-24, 2002, p.94-97 (2002).
    • (2000) Conference Record of the Twenty-eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference , pp. 138-141
    • Wang, T.H.1    Ciszek, T.F.2    Page, M.3    Yan, Y.4    Bauer, R.5    Wang, Q.6    Casey, J.7    Reedy, R.8    Matson, R.9    Ahrenkiel, R.10    Al-Jassim, M.M.11
  • 41
    • 84959155197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ph. D Thesis, University of Leipzig
    • Niels-Peter Harder, Ph. D Thesis, University of Leipzig, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Harder, N.-P.1
  • 43
    • 0038559981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density of recombination centers in epitaxial silicon thin-film solar cells by temperature-dependent quantum efficiency measurements
    • T. A.Wagner and U. Rau, 'Density of recombination centers in epitaxial silicon thin-film solar cells by temperature-dependent quantum efficiency measurements', Applied Physics Letters. vol.82, no.16; p. 2637-2639 (2003).
    • (2003) Applied Physics Letters , vol.82 , Issue.16 , pp. 2637-2639
    • Wagner, T.A.1    Rau, U.2
  • 44
    • 0035446356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-rate deposition of epitaxial layers for efficient low-temperature thin film epitaxial silicon solar cells
    • L. Oberbeck, J. Schmidt, T. A. Wagner and R. B. Bergmann, 'High-rate deposition of epitaxial layers for efficient low-temperature thin film epitaxial silicon solar cells', Progress in Photovoltiacs Research And Applications. vol.9, no.5, p 333-340 (2001).
    • (2001) Progress in Photovoltiacs Research And Applications , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 333-340
    • Oberbeck, L.1    Schmidt, J.2    Wagner, T.A.3    Bergmann, R.B.4
  • 47
    • 84959077460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epitaxial solar cells on low-cost, highly doped defected Si substrates
    • Ph.D thesis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
    • T. Vermeulen, 'Epitaxial solar cells on low-cost, highly doped defected Si substrates' Ph.D thesis, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
    • Vermeulen, T.1
  • 50
    • 12044259137 scopus 로고
    • Novel optimization principles and efficiency limits for semiconductor solar cells
    • J. H.Werner, S. Kolodinski and H. J. Queisser, 'Novel optimization principles and efficiency limits for semiconductor solar cells', Physical Review Letters. vol.72, no.24; p.3851-3854 (1994).
    • (1994) Physical Review Letters , vol.72 , Issue.24 , pp. 3851-3854
    • Werner, J.H.1    Kolodinski, S.2    Queisser, H.J.3
  • 51
    • 0001144027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar cell efficiency and carrier multiplication in Si1-xGex alloys
    • M.Wolf, R. Brendel, J. H.Werner and H. J. Queisser, 'Solar cell efficiency and carrier multiplication in Si1-xGex alloys', Journal of Applied Physics. vol.83; p.4213-4221 (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of Applied Physics , vol.83 , pp. 4213-4221
    • Wolf, M.1    Brendel, R.2    Werner, J.H.3    Queisser, H.J.4
  • 56
    • 0042425855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced quantum efficiency of solar cells with self-assembled Ge dots stacked in multilayer structure
    • A. Alguno, N. Usami, T. Ujihara, K. Fujiwara, G. Sazaki, K. Nakajima and Y. Shiraki, 'Enhanced quantum efficiency of solar cells with self-assembled Ge dots stacked in multilayer structure', Applied Physics Letters vol.83, no. 6, 1258-1260 (2003).
    • (2003) Applied Physics Letters , vol.83 , Issue.6 , pp. 1258-1260
    • Alguno, A.1    Usami, N.2    Ujihara, T.3    Fujiwara, K.4    Sazaki, G.5    Nakajima, K.6    Shiraki, Y.7
  • 68
    • 0035335253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electro-epitaxial lateral overgrowth of silicon from liquid-metal solutions
    • M. G. Mauk and J. P. Curran, 'Electro-epitaxial lateral overgrowth of silicon from liquid-metal solutions', Journal of Crystal Growth. vol.225, no.2-4; p. 348-353, (2001).
    • (2001) Journal of Crystal Growth , vol.225 , Issue.2-4 , pp. 348-353
    • Mauk, M.G.1    Curran, J.P.2
  • 70
    • 0005278277 scopus 로고
    • Silicon solar cell of 16.8 μm thickness and 14.7% efficiency
    • J. H. Werner, S. Kolodinski, U. Rau, J. K. Arch and E. Bauser, 'Silicon solar cell of 16.8 μm thickness and 14.7% efficiency', Applied Physics Letters. vol.62, no.23; p.2998-3000 (1993).
    • (1993) Applied Physics Letters , vol.62 , Issue.23 , pp. 2998-3000
    • Werner, J.H.1    Kolodinski, S.2    Rau, U.3    Arch, J.K.4    Bauser, E.5
  • 71
    • 0012604959 scopus 로고
    • Silicon epitaxial solar cell with 663-mV open-circuit voltage
    • A.W. Blakers, J. H.Werner, E. Bauser and H. J. Queisser, 'Silicon epitaxial solar cell with 663-mV open-circuit voltage', Applied Physics Letters. vol.60, no.22; p.2752-2754 (1992).
    • (1992) Applied Physics Letters , vol.60 , Issue.22 , pp. 2752-2754
    • Blakers, A.W.1    Werner, J.H.2    Bauser, E.3    Queisser, H.J.4
  • 78
    • 0033312603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-temperature CVD for crystalline-silicon thin-film solar cells
    • F. R. Faller and A. Hurrle, 'High-temperature CVD for crystalline-silicon thin-film solar cells', IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. vol.46, no.10; 2048-2054 (1999).
    • (1999) IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices , vol.46 , Issue.10 , pp. 2048-2054
    • Faller, F.R.1    Hurrle, A.2
  • 80
    • 0347365803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screen-printed epitaxial silicon thin-film solar cells with 13.8%efficiency
    • J. Rentsch, S. Bau and D. M. Huljic,' Screen-printed epitaxial silicon thin-film solar cells with 13.8%efficiency', Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. vol.11, no.8; p.527-534 (2003).
    • (2003) Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications , vol.11 , Issue.8 , pp. 527-534
    • Rentsch, J.1    Bau, S.2    Huljic, D.M.3
  • 82
    • 0141964067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of direct epitaxial silicon thin film solar cells on a low-cost substrate
    • Z. C. Liang, H. Shen, N. S. Xu and S. Reber,' Characterisation of direct epitaxial silicon thin film solar cells on a low-cost substrate', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol.80, no.2; p. 181-193 (2003).
    • (2003) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-193
    • Liang, Z.C.1    Shen, H.2    Xu, N.S.3    Reber, S.4
  • 85
    • 0036778148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin film silicon solar cells on upgraded metallurgical silicon substrates prepared by liquid phase epitaxy
    • K. Peter, R. Kopecek, P. Fath, E. Bucher and C. Zahedi, 'Thin film silicon solar cells on upgraded metallurgical silicon substrates prepared by liquid phase epitaxy', Solar Energy MaterIals and Solar Cells, vol.74, no.1-4; p.219-223 (2002).
    • (2002) Solar Energy MaterIals and Solar Cells , vol.74 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 219-223
    • Peter, K.1    Kopecek, R.2    Fath, P.3    Bucher, E.4    Zahedi, C.5
  • 86
  • 97
    • 0001716065 scopus 로고
    • Nearly perfect crystal growth of III-V compounds by the temperature difference method under controlled vapour pressure
    • J. Nishizawa, Y. Okuno and H. Tadano, 'Nearly perfect crystal growth of III-V compounds by the temperature difference method under controlled vapour pressure', Journal of Crystal Growth. Vol.31; p. 215-222 (1975).
    • (1975) Journal of Crystal Growth , vol.31 , pp. 215-222
    • Nishizawa, J.1    Okuno, Y.2    Tadano, H.3
  • 98
  • 99
    • 0036778148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin-film silicon solar cells on upgraded metallurgical silicon substrates prepared by liquid phase epitaxy
    • K. Peter, R. Kopecek, P. Fath, E. Bucher and C. Zahedi, 'Thin-film silicon solar cells on upgraded metallurgical silicon substrates prepared by liquid phase epitaxy', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. vol.74; p. 219 (2002).
    • (2002) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.74 , pp. 219
    • Peter, K.1    Kopecek, R.2    Fath, P.3    Bucher, E.4    Zahedi, C.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.