메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 993-1018

Artichoke: botanical, agronomical, phytochemical, and pharmacological overview

Author keywords

Caffeoylquinic acids; Cynaracardunculus; Flavonoids; Inulin; Terpenes

Indexed keywords

ANTHOCYANIN; ARTICHOKE EXTRACT; CHLOROGENIC ACID; CYNARINE; FLAVONOID; INULIN; PHENOL DERIVATIVE; PLANT EXTRACT; SESQUITERPENE; TRITERPENE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84947612573     PISSN: 15687767     EISSN: 1572980X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11101-015-9428-y     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (107)

References (102)
  • 1
    • 84879205210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extensive characterisation of bioactive phenolic constituents from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) by HPLC–DAD–ESI–QTOF–MS
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtFWku73N, PID: 23870957
    • Abu-Reidah IM, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A et al (2013) Extensive characterisation of bioactive phenolic constituents from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) by HPLC–DAD–ESI–QTOF–MS. Food Chem 141(3):2269–2277
    • (2013) Food Chem , vol.141 , Issue.3 , pp. 2269-2277
    • Abu-Reidah, I.M.1    Arráez-Román, D.2    Segura-Carretero, A.3
  • 2
    • 0022413902 scopus 로고
    • High-performance liquid chromatography of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives of Cynara scolymus L. leaves
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XjvFygtQ%3D%3D
    • Adzet T, Puigmacia M (1985) High-performance liquid chromatography of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives of Cynara scolymus L. leaves. J Chromatogr 348(2):447–453
    • (1985) J Chromatogr , vol.348 , Issue.2 , pp. 447-453
    • Adzet, T.1    Puigmacia, M.2
  • 3
    • 0023554399 scopus 로고
    • 4 toxicity: in isolated rat hepatocytes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlslSitbY%3D, PID: 3430163
    • 4 toxicity: in isolated rat hepatocytes. J Nat Prod 50(4):612–617
    • (1987) J Nat Prod , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 612-617
    • Adzet, T.1    Camarasa, J.2    Laguna, J.C.3
  • 4
    • 0030481770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triterpene alcohols from the flowers of compositae and their anti-inflammatory effects
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XnsF2rt7Y%3D, PID: 8987908
    • Akihisa T, Yasukawa K, Oinuma H et al (1996) Triterpene alcohols from the flowers of compositae and their anti-inflammatory effects. Phytochemistry 43(6):1255–1260
    • (1996) Phytochemistry , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 1255-1260
    • Akihisa, T.1    Yasukawa, K.2    Oinuma, H.3
  • 5
    • 0345517307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavones and sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea atrata subsp. multifida: antimicrobial activity
    • PID: 10395518
    • Aljancić I, Vajs V, Menković N et al (1999) Flavones and sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea atrata subsp. multifida: antimicrobial activity. J Nat Prod 62:909–911
    • (1999) J Nat Prod , vol.62 , pp. 909-911
    • Aljancić, I.1    Vajs, V.2    Menković, N.3
  • 6
    • 84947615425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multifunctional agriculture and sustainability in the Cilento Geopark
    • Dolven JK, Ramsay T, Rangnes K, (eds), European Geoparks Network, Porsgrunn
    • Amato M, D’Orilia F, Gay V et al (2011) Multifunctional agriculture and sustainability in the Cilento Geopark. In: Dolven JK, Ramsay T, Rangnes K (eds) Proceedings of the 10th European geoparks conference. European Geoparks Network, Porsgrunn, pp 41–48
    • (2011) Proceedings of the 10th European geoparks conference , pp. 41-48
    • Amato, M.1    D’Orilia, F.2    Gay, V.3
  • 7
    • 79953234141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenological growth stages of Cynara cardunculus: codification and description according to the BBCH scale
    • Archontoulis SV, Struik PC, Vos J et al (2010) Phenological growth stages of Cynara cardunculus: codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Ann Appl Biol 156:253–270
    • (2010) Ann Appl Biol , vol.156 , pp. 253-270
    • Archontoulis, S.V.1    Struik, P.C.2    Vos, J.3
  • 8
    • 0009228063 scopus 로고
    • Couleur et pigmentation anthocyanique de l’artichaut (Cynara scolymus L)
    • Marzi V, Lattanzio V, (eds), Laterza, Bari
    • Aubert S, Foury C (1981) Couleur et pigmentation anthocyanique de l’artichaut (Cynara scolymus L). In: Marzi V, Lattanzio V (eds) Studi sul Carciofo. Laterza, Bari, pp 57–76
    • (1981) Studi sul Carciofo , pp. 57-76
    • Aubert, S.1    Foury, C.2
  • 9
    • 0027142712 scopus 로고
    • Grosulfeimin and new related guaianolides from Cynara scolymus L
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXktlWjurw%3D
    • Barbetti P, Chiappini I, Fardella G et al (1993) Grosulfeimin and new related guaianolides from Cynara scolymus L. Nat Prod Lett 3:21–30
    • (1993) Nat Prod Lett , vol.3 , pp. 21-30
    • Barbetti, P.1    Chiappini, I.2    Fardella, G.3
  • 10
    • 0002471122 scopus 로고
    • Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.)
    • Bianco VV, Rimpini F, (eds), Patron, Bologna
    • Bianco VV (1990) Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.). In: Bianco VV, Rimpini F (eds) Orticoltura. Patron, Bologna
    • (1990) Orticoltura
    • Bianco, V.V.1
  • 11
    • 0031794962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Luteolin-rich artichoke extract protects low-density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitro
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmvVOrsLg%3D, PID: 9802556
    • Brown JE, Rice-Evans C (1998) Luteolin-rich artichoke extract protects low-density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitro. Free Radic Res 29:247–255
    • (1998) Free Radic Res , vol.29 , pp. 247-255
    • Brown, J.E.1    Rice-Evans, C.2
  • 12
    • 84947617251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irrigazione e Salinità
    • Calabrese N, (ed), Script, Bologna
    • Cantore V, Boari F (2009) Irrigazione e Salinità. In: Calabrese N (ed) Il carciofo e il cardo. Script, Bologna, pp 190–197
    • (2009) Il carciofo e il cardo , pp. 190-197
    • Cantore, V.1    Boari, F.2
  • 13
    • 77955985454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1,5 Dicaffeoylquinic acid-mediated glutathione synthesis through activation of Nrf2 protects against OGD/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in astrocytes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXptlehtbc%3D, PID: 20513363
    • Cao X, Xiao H, Zhang Y et al (2010) 1,5 Dicaffeoylquinic acid-mediated glutathione synthesis through activation of Nrf2 protects against OGD/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in astrocytes. Brain Res 1347:142–148
    • (2010) Brain Res , vol.1347 , pp. 142-148
    • Cao, X.1    Xiao, H.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 14
    • 0034141989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary inulin on serum lipids, blood glucose and the gastrointestinal environment in hypercholesterolemic men
    • Causey BSJL, Feirtag JM, Gahaher DD et al (2000) Effects of dietary inulin on serum lipids, blood glucose and the gastrointestinal environment in hypercholesterolemic men. Nutr Res 20(2):19l–201
    • (2000) Nutr Res , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 19l-201
    • Causey, B.S.J.L.1    Feirtag, J.M.2    Gahaher, D.D.3
  • 15
    • 0001011682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant activities of caffeic acid and its related hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXktVeht7o%3D
    • Chen JH, Ho CT (1997) Antioxidant activities of caffeic acid and its related hydroxycinnamic acid compounds. J Agric Food Chem 45:2374–2378
    • (1997) J Agric Food Chem , vol.45 , pp. 2374-2378
    • Chen, J.H.1    Ho, C.T.2
  • 17
    • 27744545798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from Saussurea calcicola
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Wrur3K, PID: 16276969
    • Choi SZ, Choi SU, Lee KR (2005) Cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from Saussurea calcicola. Arch Pharm Res 28:1142–1146
    • (2005) Arch Pharm Res , vol.28 , pp. 1142-1146
    • Choi, S.Z.1    Choi, S.U.2    Lee, K.R.3
  • 18
    • 84874535673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and functional properties of Cynara crops (globe artichoke and cardoon) and their potential applications: a review
    • Christaki E, Bonos E, Florou-Paneri PC (2012) Nutritional and functional properties of Cynara crops (globe artichoke and cardoon) and their potential applications: a review. Int J Appl Sci Technol 2:64–70
    • (2012) Int J Appl Sci Technol , vol.2 , pp. 64-70
    • Christaki, E.1    Bonos, E.2    Florou-Paneri, P.C.3
  • 19
    • 0034657786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorogenic acids and other cinnamates: nature, occurrence, dietary burden, absorption and metabolism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsFalsL0%3D
    • Clifford M (2000) Chlorogenic acids and other cinnamates: nature, occurrence, dietary burden, absorption and metabolism. J Sci Food Agric 80:1033–1043
    • (2000) J Sci Food Agric , vol.80 , pp. 1033-1043
    • Clifford, M.1
  • 21
    • 84947617397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • de Falco B, Incerti G, Pepe R et al (2015) Metabolomic fingerprinting of artichoke, Cynara cardunculus, using nuclear magnetic resonance and multivariate data analysis. In: Proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe (PSE), future trends in phytochemistry in the global era of agri-food and health II: a young scientist meeting, 27–30/4/2015, Murcia. ISBN 978-0-9565472-6-2, pp 72–73
    • de Falco B, Incerti G, Pepe R et al (2015) Metabolomic fingerprinting of artichoke, Cynaracardunculus, using nuclear magnetic resonance and multivariate data analysis. In: Proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe (PSE), future trends in phytochemistry in the global era of agri-food and health II: a young scientist meeting, 27–30/4/2015, Murcia. ISBN 978-0-9565472-6-2, pp 72–73
  • 22
    • 66349095098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophage cell line by the chemical constituents of Rhus sylvestris
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmvFGisb8%3D, PID: 19447618
    • Ding Y, Nguyen HT, Kim SI et al (2009) The regulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophage cell line by the chemical constituents of Rhus sylvestris. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 19:3607–3610
    • (2009) Bioorg Med Chem Lett , vol.19 , pp. 3607-3610
    • Ding, Y.1    Nguyen, H.T.2    Kim, S.I.3
  • 23
    • 34250527937 scopus 로고
    • A new flavonoid isolated from the leaves of Cynara scolymus L
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaF28Xkt1WjtL8%3D
    • Dranik LI, Chernobai VT (1966) A new flavonoid isolated from the leaves of Cynara scolymus L. Chem Nat Compd 2(1):16–20
    • (1966) Chem Nat Compd , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-20
    • Dranik, L.I.1    Chernobai, V.T.2
  • 24
    • 64549092049 scopus 로고
    • Polyphenolic compounds of Cynara scolymus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaF2cXks1ehsLc%3D, PID: 14224112
    • Dranik LI, Chernobai VT, Kolesnikov DG (1964) Polyphenolic compounds of Cynara scolymus. Med Prom SSSR 18:23
    • (1964) Med Prom SSSR , vol.18 , pp. 23
    • Dranik, L.I.1    Chernobai, V.T.2    Kolesnikov, D.G.3
  • 25
    • 84947618474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant properties of seeds from lines of artichoke, cultivated cardoon and wild cardoon
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtVCmsLbI
    • Durazzo A, Foddai MS, Temperini A et al (2013) Antioxidant properties of seeds from lines of artichoke, cultivated cardoon and wild cardoon. Antioxidants 2:52–61
    • (2013) Antioxidants , vol.2 , pp. 52-61
    • Durazzo, A.1    Foddai, M.S.2    Temperini, A.3
  • 26
    • 43049158127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenolic composition of Cynara cardunculus L. organs, and their biological activities
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXlslynu7Y%3D, PID: 18472083
    • Falleh H, Ksouri R, Chaieb K et al (2008) Phenolic composition of Cynara cardunculus L. organs, and their biological activities. C R Biol 331:372–379
    • (2008) C R Biol , vol.331 , pp. 372-379
    • Falleh, H.1    Ksouri, R.2    Chaieb, K.3
  • 27
    • 84947617431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO (2013) Faostat, crop production. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 21 May 2013
    • FAO (2013) Faostat, crop production. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor. 21 May 2013
  • 28
    • 84893773913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolomics driven analysis of artichoke leaf and its commercial products via UHPLC-q-TOF-MS and chemometrics
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtFygurnI, PID: 23902683
    • Farag MA, El-Ahmady SH, Elian FS et al (2013) Metabolomics driven analysis of artichoke leaf and its commercial products via UHPLC-q-TOF-MS and chemometrics. Phytochemistry 95:177–187
    • (2013) Phytochemistry , vol.95 , pp. 177-187
    • Farag, M.A.1    El-Ahmady, S.H.2    Elian, F.S.3
  • 29
    • 84873410296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (ed), Medical Economics Company, Montvale
    • Fleming T (ed) (1998) PDR for herbal medicines. Medical Economics Company, Montvale, pp 793–794
    • (1998) PDR for herbal medicines , pp. 793-794
    • Fleming, T.1
  • 30
    • 30544452061 scopus 로고
    • Observations preliminaries sur la presence et la repartition de pigments anthocyaniques dans un mutant d’artichaut (Cynara scolymus L.) a fleur blanches
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXhtFOku70%3D
    • Foury C, Aubert S (1977) Observations preliminaries sur la presence et la repartition de pigments anthocyaniques dans un mutant d’artichaut (Cynara scolymus L.) a fleur blanches. Ann Amélior Plant 27:603–612
    • (1977) Ann Amélior Plant , vol.27 , pp. 603-612
    • Foury, C.1    Aubert, S.2
  • 31
    • 34248593723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenolic composition in different parts of some cultivars of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXlsFaks7c%3D
    • Fratianni F, Tucci M, De Palma M et al (2007) Polyphenolic composition in different parts of some cultivars of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori). Food Chem 104:1282–1286
    • (2007) Food Chem , vol.104 , pp. 1282-1286
    • Fratianni, F.1    Tucci, M.2    De Palma, M.3
  • 32
    • 0042599257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation, characterization and determination of minor artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf extract compounds
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmslCqsb4%3D
    • Fritsche J, Beindorff CM, Dachtler M et al (2002) Isolation, characterization and determination of minor artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf extract compounds. Eur Food Res Technol 215:149–157
    • (2002) Eur Food Res Technol , vol.215 , pp. 149-157
    • Fritsche, J.1    Beindorff, C.M.2    Dachtler, M.3
  • 33
    • 0029873237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics, cecal microflora, and aberrant cryps in the rat colon
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XislClurk%3D, PID: 8618132
    • Gallaher DD, Stallings WH, Blessing LL et al (1996) Probiotics, cecal microflora, and aberrant cryps in the rat colon. J Nutr 126:1362–1371
    • (1996) J Nutr , vol.126 , pp. 1362-1371
    • Gallaher, D.D.1    Stallings, W.H.2    Blessing, L.L.3
  • 34
    • 84920042517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant activity induced by main polyphenols present in edible artichoke heads: influence of in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtlantLrF
    • Garbetta A, Capotorto I, Cardinali A et al (2014) Antioxidant activity induced by main polyphenols present in edible artichoke heads: influence of in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion. J Funct Food 10:456–464
    • (2014) J Funct Food , vol.10 , pp. 456-464
    • Garbetta, A.1    Capotorto, I.2    Cardinali, A.3
  • 35
    • 0031172599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidative and protective properties of extracts from leaves of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) against hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in cultured rat hepatocytes
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2szjslOitQ%3D%3D, PID: 9194411
    • Gebhardt R (1997) Antioxidative and protective properties of extracts from leaves of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) against hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 144(2):279–286
    • (1997) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 279-286
    • Gebhardt, R.1
  • 36
    • 0032160185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in primary cultured rat hepatocytes by artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extracts
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1cvgsVWmuw%3D%3D, PID: 9732368
    • Gebhardt R (1998) Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in primary cultured rat hepatocytes by artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extracts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 286:1122–1128
    • (1998) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.286 , pp. 1122-1128
    • Gebhardt, R.1
  • 37
    • 84880209671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choleretic and anticholestatic activities of flavonoids of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus L. Hayek)
    • Gebhardt R (2000) Choleretic and anticholestatic activities of flavonoids of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus L. Hayek). Acta Hortic 681:429–436
    • (2000) Acta Hortic , vol.681 , pp. 429-436
    • Gebhardt, R.1
  • 38
    • 0035342345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholestatic activity of flavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and of their metabolites
    • PID: 12211745
    • Gebhardt R (2001) Anticholestatic activity of flavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and of their metabolites. Med Sci Monit 7:316–320
    • (2001) Med Sci Monit , vol.7 , pp. 316-320
    • Gebhardt, R.1
  • 39
    • 0028933106 scopus 로고
    • Selective stimulation of bifidobacteria in the human colon by oligofructose and inulin
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlt1emt7g%3D, PID: 7698613
    • Gibson GR, Beatty ER, Wang X (1995) Selective stimulation of bifidobacteria in the human colon by oligofructose and inulin. Gastroenterology 108:975–982
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.108 , pp. 975-982
    • Gibson, G.R.1    Beatty, E.R.2    Wang, X.3
  • 40
    • 0038653491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorogenic acid bioavailability largely depends on its metabolism by the gut microflora in rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXks1Gku7w%3D, PID: 12771329
    • Gonthier MP, Verny MA, Besson C et al (2003) Chlorogenic acid bioavailability largely depends on its metabolism by the gut microflora in rats. J Nutr 133:1853–1859
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , pp. 1853-1859
    • Gonthier, M.P.1    Verny, M.A.2    Besson, C.3
  • 42
    • 0028199079 scopus 로고
    • Toxic inhibition of smooth muscle contractility by plant-derived sesquiterpenes caused by their chemically reactive alpha-methylenebutyrolactone functions
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlsFSlu78%3D, PID: 8032668
    • Hay AJ, Hamburger M, Hostettmann K et al (1994) Toxic inhibition of smooth muscle contractility by plant-derived sesquiterpenes caused by their chemically reactive alpha-methylenebutyrolactone functions. Br J Pharmacol 112(1):9–12
    • (1994) Br J Pharmacol , vol.112 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-12
    • Hay, A.J.1    Hamburger, M.2    Hostettmann, K.3
  • 43
    • 84890776459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolomic fingerprinting using nuclear magnetic resonance and multivariate data analysis as a tool for biodiversity informatics: a case study on the classification of Rosa x damascena
    • Incerti G, Romano A, Termolino P et al (2013) Metabolomic fingerprinting using nuclear magnetic resonance and multivariate data analysis as a tool for biodiversity informatics: a case study on the classification of Rosa x damascena. Plant Biosys 147(4):947–954
    • (2013) Plant Biosys , vol.147 , Issue.4 , pp. 947-954
    • Incerti, G.1    Romano, A.2    Termolino, P.3
  • 44
    • 10844239135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triterpenoid cynarasaponins from Cynara cardunculus L. reduce chemically induced mutagenesis in vitro
    • Krimkova L, Mučaji P, Nagy M et al (2004) Triterpenoid cynarasaponins from Cynara cardunculus L. reduce chemically induced mutagenesis in vitro. Phytomedicine 11:673–678
    • (2004) Phytomedicine , vol.11 , pp. 673-678
    • Krimkova, L.1    Mučaji, P.2    Nagy, M.3
  • 45
    • 67349107304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globe artichoke and cardoon
    • Prohens J, Nuez F, (eds), 1, Springer, New York
    • Lanteri S, Portis E (2008) Globe artichoke and cardoon. In: Prohens J, Nuez F (eds) Vegetables: handbook of plant breeding, vol 1. Springer, New York, pp 49–74
    • (2008) Vegetables: handbook of plant breeding , pp. 49-74
    • Lanteri, S.1    Portis, E.2
  • 46
    • 64549150720 scopus 로고
    • Composizione, valore nutritivo e terapeutico del carciofo
    • Lattanzio V (1982) Composizione, valore nutritivo e terapeutico del carciofo. Inf Agrar 38(1):18727
    • (1982) Experientia , vol.38 , pp. 18727
    • Lattanzio, V.1
  • 47
    • 0345721615 scopus 로고
    • Variations of the orthodiphenol content in Cynara scolymus L. during the plant growing season
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXlslWktbo%3D
    • Lattanzio V, Morone I (1979) Variations of the orthodiphenol content in Cynara scolymus L. during the plant growing season. Experientia 35:993–994
    • (1979) Experientia , vol.35 , pp. 993-994
    • Lattanzio, V.1    Morone, I.2
  • 48
    • 0023110077 scopus 로고
    • Changes in phenolic compounds during the development and cold storage of artichoke
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXkvFGmt7c%3D
    • Lattanzio V, Van Sumere CF (1987) Changes in phenolic compounds during the development and cold storage of artichoke. Food Chem 24(1):37–50
    • (1987) Food Chem , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-50
    • Lattanzio, V.1    Van Sumere, C.F.2
  • 49
    • 64549090653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globe artichoke: a functional food and source of nutraceutical ingredients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsFKntbnE
    • Lattanzio V, Kroon PA, Linsalata V et al (2009) Globe artichoke: a functional food and source of nutraceutical ingredients. J Funct Food 1:131–144
    • (2009) J Funct Food , vol.1 , pp. 131-144
    • Lattanzio, V.1    Kroon, P.A.2    Linsalata, V.3
  • 50
    • 0037023954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) byproducts as a potential source of health-promoting antioxidant phenolics
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtlGju7Y%3D, PID: 12033811
    • Llorach R, Espin JC, Tomás-Barberán FA et al (2002) Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) byproducts as a potential source of health-promoting antioxidant phenolics. J Agric Food Chem 50(12):3458–3464
    • (2002) J Agric Food Chem , vol.50 , Issue.12 , pp. 3458-3464
    • Llorach, R.1    Espin, J.C.2    Tomás-Barberán, F.A.3
  • 51
    • 70449102692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of genotype, harvest time and plant part on polyphenolic composition of globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori]
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVWnt7bF
    • Lombardo S, Pandino G, Mauromicale G et al (2010) Influence of genotype, harvest time and plant part on polyphenolic composition of globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori]. Food Chem 119:1175–1181
    • (2010) Food Chem , vol.119 , pp. 1175-1181
    • Lombardo, S.1    Pandino, G.2    Mauromicale, G.3
  • 52
    • 20444372677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular properties and prebiotic effect of inulin obtained from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlt1Glurg%3D, PID: 15960982
    • Lopez-Molina D, Navarro-Martınez MD, Rojas-Melgarejo F et al (2005) Molecular properties and prebiotic effect of inulin obtained from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Phytochemistry 66:1476–1484
    • (2005) Phytochemistry , vol.66 , pp. 1476-1484
    • Lopez-Molina, D.1    Navarro-Martınez, M.D.2    Rojas-Melgarejo, F.3
  • 54
    • 79961029268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inulin as texture modifier in dairy products
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXpvVKnsLg%3D
    • Meyer D, Bayarri S, Tárrega A et al (2011) Inulin as texture modifier in dairy products. Food Hydrocoll 25:1881–1890
    • (2011) Food Hydrocoll , vol.25 , pp. 1881-1890
    • Meyer, D.1    Bayarri, S.2    Tárrega, A.3
  • 55
    • 0022649249 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and structural elucidation of a new lipoxygenase inhibitor from Gardeniae fructus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XkslGqsrk%3D, PID: 3089634
    • Nishizawa M, Fujimoto Y (1986) Isolation and structural elucidation of a new lipoxygenase inhibitor from Gardeniae fructus. Chem Pharm Bull 34:1419–1421
    • (1986) Chem Pharm Bull , vol.34 , pp. 1419-1421
    • Nishizawa, M.1    Fujimoto, Y.2
  • 56
    • 0023333352 scopus 로고
    • 3-Caffeoyl-4-sinapoylquinic acid, a novel lipoxygenase inhibitor from Gardeniae fructus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlt1SqsbY%3D, PID: 3117389
    • Nishizawa M, Izuhara R, Kaneko K et al (1987) 3-Caffeoyl-4-sinapoylquinic acid, a novel lipoxygenase inhibitor from Gardeniae fructus. Chem Pharm Bull 35:2133–2135
    • (1987) Chem Pharm Bull , vol.35 , pp. 2133-2135
    • Nishizawa, M.1    Izuhara, R.2    Kaneko, K.3
  • 57
    • 18044369636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoid binding to a multi-drug-resistance transporter protein: an STD-NMR study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXntVegsrk%3D, PID: 15241579
    • Nissler L, Gebhardt R, Berger S (2004) Flavonoid binding to a multi-drug-resistance transporter protein: an STD-NMR study. Anal Bioanal Chem 379:1045–1049
    • (2004) Anal Bioanal Chem , vol.379 , pp. 1045-1049
    • Nissler, L.1    Gebhardt, R.2    Berger, S.3
  • 58
    • 74849089128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids in the immature inflorescence of globe artichoke, wild cardoon, and cultivated cardoon
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsF2jsrvM, PID: 20028012
    • Pandino G, Courts FL, Lombardo S et al (2010) Caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids in the immature inflorescence of globe artichoke, wild cardoon, and cultivated cardoon. J Agric Food Chem 58:1026–1031
    • (2010) J Agric Food Chem , vol.58 , pp. 1026-1031
    • Pandino, G.1    Courts, F.L.2    Lombardo, S.3
  • 59
    • 78650677485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaf and floral stem of cultivated and wild Cynara cardunculus L. genotypes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhs1SrurrN
    • Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G et al (2011a) Phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaf and floral stem of cultivated and wild Cynara cardunculus L. genotypes. Food Chem 126:417–442
    • (2011) Food Chem , vol.126 , pp. 417-442
    • Pandino, G.1    Lombardo, S.2    Mauromicale, G.3
  • 60
    • 79952042446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profile of polyphenols and phenolic acids in bracts and receptacles of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) germplasm
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXjs12isb8%3D
    • Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G et al (2011b) Profile of polyphenols and phenolic acids in bracts and receptacles of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) germplasm. J Food Compos Anal 24:148–153
    • (2011) J Food Compos Anal , vol.24 , pp. 148-153
    • Pandino, G.1    Lombardo, S.2    Mauromicale, G.3
  • 61
    • 84869115150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globe artichoke leaves and floral stems as a source of bioactive compounds
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhslCms78%3D
    • Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G (2013) Globe artichoke leaves and floral stems as a source of bioactive compounds. Ind Crop Prod 44:44–49
    • (2013) Ind Crop Prod , vol.44 , pp. 44-49
    • Pandino, G.1    Lombardo, S.2    Mauromicale, G.3
  • 62
    • 0001166647 scopus 로고
    • Constitution of cynarine, the active principle of the artichoke
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaG2MXnslKksg%3D%3D
    • Panizzi L, Scarpati ML (1954) Constitution of cynarine, the active principle of the artichoke. Nature 174:1062–1063
    • (1954) Nature , vol.174 , pp. 1062-1063
    • Panizzi, L.1    Scarpati, M.L.2
  • 63
    • 0034493209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of artichoke leaf extract on reactive oxygen species in human leukocytes
    • PID: 11200096
    • Pérez-García F, Adzet T, Cañigueral S (2000) Activity of artichoke leaf extract on reactive oxygen species in human leukocytes. Free Radic Res 33(5):661–665
    • (2000) Free Radic Res , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 661-665
    • Pérez-García, F.1    Adzet, T.2    Cañigueral, S.3
  • 64
    • 64549141726 scopus 로고
    • Studi sui pigmenti naturali. X. Gli antociani del carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.)
    • Pifferi PG, Vaccari A (1978) Studi sui pigmenti naturali. X. Gli antociani del carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.). Ind Conserv 55:107–110
    • (1978) Ind Conserv , vol.55 , pp. 107-110
    • Pifferi, P.G.1    Vaccari, A.2
  • 65
    • 3442880230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild artichokes of south Italy: did the story begin here?
    • Pignone D, Sonnante G (2004) Wild artichokes of south Italy: did the story begin here? Genet Resour Crop Evol 51(6):577–580
    • (2004) Genet Resour Crop Evol , vol.51 , Issue.6 , pp. 577-580
    • Pignone, D.1    Sonnante, G.2
  • 66
    • 84947613855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origine ed evoluzione
    • Calabrese N, (ed), Script, Bologna
    • Pignone D, Sonnante G (2009) Origine ed evoluzione. In: Calabrese N (ed) Il carciofo e il cardo. Script, Bologna, pp 2–11
    • (2009) Il carciofo e il cardo , pp. 2-11
    • Pignone, D.1    Sonnante, G.2
  • 67
    • 23044449175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inulin-type fructans and reduction in colon cancer risk: review of experimental and human data
    • Pool-Zobel BL (2005) Inulin-type fructans and reduction in colon cancer risk: review of experimental and human data. Br J Nutr 93(1):73–90
    • (2005) Br J Nutr , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-90
    • Pool-Zobel, B.L.1
  • 68
    • 0036288062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidences on the potential of prebiotic fructans to reduce the risk of colon cancer
    • Pool-Zobel B, Van Loo J, Rowland I et al (2002) Experimental evidences on the potential of prebiotic fructans to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Br J Nutr 87(2):273–281
    • (2002) Br J Nutr , vol.87 , Issue.2 , pp. 273-281
    • Pool-Zobel, B.1    Van Loo, J.2    Rowland, I.3
  • 69
    • 18844373361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure and genetic variation in autochthonous globe artichoke germplasm from Sicily Island
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktVGmurg%3D
    • Portis E, Mauromicale G, Barchi L et al (2005) Population structure and genetic variation in autochthonous globe artichoke germplasm from Sicily Island. Plant Sci 168:1591–1598
    • (2005) Plant Sci , vol.168 , pp. 1591-1598
    • Portis, E.1    Mauromicale, G.2    Barchi, L.3
  • 70
    • 0001308005 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of choleretic effects of CYN and Na-dehydrocholate
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaG1M%2Fot1Khsw%3D%3D, PID: 13652965
    • Preziosi P, Loscalzo B, Marmo E (1959) Comparison of choleretic effects of CYN and Na-dehydrocholate. Experientia 15:135–138
    • (1959) Experientia , vol.15 , pp. 135-138
    • Preziosi, P.1    Loscalzo, B.2    Marmo, E.3
  • 71
    • 70449367947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential utilisation of globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hegi] crop residues: biomass for energy and roots for inulin production
    • Raccuia SA, Melilli MG, Scandurra S (2004) Potential utilisation of globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hegi] crop residues: biomass for energy and roots for inulin production. Acta Hortic 660:607–613
    • (2004) Acta Hortic , vol.660 , pp. 607-613
    • Raccuia, S.A.1    Melilli, M.G.2    Scandurra, S.3
  • 72
    • 84883659123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipophilic extracts of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis (DC): a source of valuable bioactive terpenic compounds
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1WgsbbN, PID: 23915287
    • Ramos PAB, Guerra ÂR, Guerreiro O et al (2013) Lipophilic extracts of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis (DC): a source of valuable bioactive terpenic compounds. J Agric Food Chem 61:8420–8429
    • (2013) J Agric Food Chem , vol.61 , pp. 8420-8429
    • Ramos, P.A.B.1    Guerra, Â.R.2    Guerreiro, O.3
  • 73
    • 84907311233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of different morphological parts of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis (DC)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtlamsrzE
    • Ramos PAB, Santos SAO, Guerra ÂR et al (2014) Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of different morphological parts of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis (DC). Ind Crop Prod 61:460–471
    • (2014) Ind Crop Prod , vol.61 , pp. 460-471
    • Ramos, P.A.B.1    Santos, S.A.O.2    Guerra, Â.R.3
  • 74
    • 0033007269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concepts in functional foods: the case of inulin and oligofructose
    • Robenfroid MB (1999) Concepts in functional foods: the case of inulin and oligofructose. J Nutr 129:1398S–1401S
    • (1999) J Nutr , vol.129 , pp. 1398S-1401S
    • Robenfroid, M.B.1
  • 75
    • 10244260392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dicaffeoylquinic acid inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus integrase: inhibition of the core catalytic domain of human immunodeficiency virus integrase
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmsFGgtbc%3D, PID: 8863829
    • Robinson WE, Cordeiro JRM, Abdel-Malek S et al (1996) Dicaffeoylquinic acid inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus integrase: inhibition of the core catalytic domain of human immunodeficiency virus integrase. Mol Pharmacol 50(4):846–855
    • (1996) Mol Pharmacol , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 846-855
    • Robinson, W.E.1    Cordeiro, J.R.M.2    Abdel-Malek, S.3
  • 76
    • 25144499963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Violetto di Toscana, a typical Italian variety of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVamsLrL
    • Romani A, Pinelli P, Cantini C et al (2006) Characterization of Violetto di Toscana, a typical Italian variety of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Food Chem 95:221–225
    • (2006) Food Chem , vol.95 , pp. 221-225
    • Romani, A.1    Pinelli, P.2    Cantini, C.3
  • 77
    • 30544440831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild artichoke prevents the age-associated loss of vasomotor function
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Omt77O, PID: 16366729
    • Rossoni G, Grande S, Galli C et al (2005) Wild artichoke prevents the age-associated loss of vasomotor function. J Agric Food Chem 53(26):10291–10296
    • (2005) J Agric Food Chem , vol.53 , Issue.26 , pp. 10291-10296
    • Rossoni, G.1    Grande, S.2    Galli, C.3
  • 78
    • 0030062015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke
    • Rottenberg A, Zohary D (1996) The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke. Genet Resour Crop Evol 43:53–58
    • (1996) Genet Resour Crop Evol , vol.43 , pp. 53-58
    • Rottenberg, A.1    Zohary, D.2
  • 79
    • 4444332017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of phenolic compounds in artichoke waste by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • PID: 12943250
    • Sánchez-Rabaneda F, Jáuregui O, Lamuela-Raventós RM et al (2003) Identification of phenolic compounds in artichoke waste by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1008:57–72
    • (2003) J Chromatogr A , vol.1008 , pp. 57-72
    • Sánchez-Rabaneda, F.1    Jáuregui, O.2    Lamuela-Raventós, R.M.3
  • 80
    • 78650175025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsFCltb3E, PID: 20933071
    • Sato Y, Itagaki S, Kurokawa T et al (2011) In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. Int J Pharm 403(1–2):136–138
    • (2011) Int J Pharm , vol.403 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 136-138
    • Sato, Y.1    Itagaki, S.2    Kurokawa, T.3
  • 82
    • 3042567137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and quantification of caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) heads, juice, and Pomace by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS
    • PID: 15212452
    • Schütz K, Kammerer D, Carle R et al (2004) Identification and quantification of caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) heads, juice, and Pomace by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS. J Agric Food Chem 52:4090–4096
    • (2004) J Agric Food Chem , vol.52 , pp. 4090-4096
    • Schütz, K.1    Kammerer, D.2    Carle, R.3
  • 84
    • 0037212107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-hyperlipidemic sesquiterpenes and new sesquiterpene glycosides from the leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.): structure requirement and mode of action
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XpsVels7o%3D, PID: 12482428
    • Shimoda H, Ninomiya K, Nishida N et al (2003) Anti-hyperlipidemic sesquiterpenes and new sesquiterpene glycosides from the leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.): structure requirement and mode of action. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13:223–228
    • (2003) Bioorg Med Chem Lett , vol.13 , pp. 223-228
    • Shimoda, H.1    Ninomiya, K.2    Nishida, N.3
  • 85
    • 77953189137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apigenin: a promising molecule for cancer prevention
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjs1ehurs%3D, PID: 20306120
    • Shukla S, Gupta S (2010) Apigenin: a promising molecule for cancer prevention. Pharm Res 27(6):962–978
    • (2010) Pharm Res , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 962-978
    • Shukla, S.1    Gupta, S.2
  • 86
    • 53749098977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of artichoke SSR markers: molecular variation and patterns of diversity in genetically cohesive taxa and wild allies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlKqsL%2FI
    • Sonnante G, Carluccio AV, De Paolis A et al (2008) Identification of artichoke SSR markers: molecular variation and patterns of diversity in genetically cohesive taxa and wild allies. Genet Resour Crop Evol 55:1029–1046
    • (2008) Genet Resour Crop Evol , vol.55 , pp. 1029-1046
    • Sonnante, G.1    Carluccio, A.V.2    De Paolis, A.3
  • 87
    • 42949087950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fructooligosaccharides exhibit more rapid fermentation than long-chain inulin in an in vitro fermentation system
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXlslSit7s%3D, PID: 19083428
    • Stewart ML, Timm DA, Slavin JL (2008) Fructooligosaccharides exhibit more rapid fermentation than long-chain inulin in an in vitro fermentation system. Nutr Res 28:329–334
    • (2008) Nutr Res , vol.28 , pp. 329-334
    • Stewart, M.L.1    Timm, D.A.2    Slavin, J.L.3
  • 88
    • 0038837942 scopus 로고
    • On terpenes—CVI: on hydrogenation products of cynaropicrin, the bitter principle of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaF3cXmt1ymtA%3D%3D
    • Suchy M, Herout V, Sorm F (1960) On terpenes—CVI: on hydrogenation products of cynaropicrin, the bitter principle of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Collect Czech Chem C 25:507–513
    • (1960) Collect Czech Chem C , vol.25 , pp. 507-513
    • Suchy, M.1    Herout, V.2    Sorm, F.3
  • 89
    • 80053498253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3,4 Dicaffeoylquinic acid, a major constituent of Brazilian propolis, increases TRAIL expression and extends the life times of mice infected with the influenza A virus
    • Takemura T, Urushisaki T, Fukuoka M et al (2012) 3,4 Dicaffeoylquinic acid, a major constituent of Brazilian propolis, increases TRAIL expression and extends the life times of mice infected with the influenza A virus. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 946867:1–7
    • (2012) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , pp. 1-7
    • Takemura, T.1    Urushisaki, T.2    Fukuoka, M.3
  • 90
    • 84871720511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cynaropicrin from Cynara scolymus L. suppresses photoaging of skin by inhibiting the transcription activity of nuclear factor-kappa B
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVWjtbjF, PID: 23232059
    • Tanaka YT, Tanaka K, Kojima H et al (2013) Cynaropicrin from Cynara scolymus L. suppresses photoaging of skin by inhibiting the transcription activity of nuclear factor-kappa B. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 23:518–523
    • (2013) Bioorg Med Chem Lett , vol.23 , pp. 518-523
    • Tanaka, Y.T.1    Tanaka, K.2    Kojima, H.3
  • 91
    • 72649085674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blends of short and long-chain inulin on the rheological and sensory properties of prebiotic low-fat custards
    • Tárrega A, Rocafull A, Costell E (2010) Effect of blends of short and long-chain inulin on the rheological and sensory properties of prebiotic low-fat custards. Food Sci Technol 43:556–562
    • (2010) Food Sci Technol , vol.43 , pp. 556-562
    • Tárrega, A.1    Rocafull, A.2    Costell, E.3
  • 92
    • 0032911091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional food properties of non-digestible oligosaccharides: a consensus report from the ENDO project (DGXII AIRII-CT94-1095)
    • PID: 10450330
    • Van Loo J, Cummings J, Delzenne N et al (1999) Functional food properties of non-digestible oligosaccharides: a consensus report from the ENDO project (DGXII AIRII-CT94-1095). Br J Nutr 81:121–132
    • (1999) Br J Nutr , vol.81 , pp. 121-132
    • Van Loo, J.1    Cummings, J.2    Delzenne, N.3
  • 93
    • 48449104892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolomics: back to basics
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXptVGksLk%3D
    • Verpoorte R, Choi YH, Mustafa NR et al (2008) Metabolomics: back to basics. Phytochem Rev 7:525–537
    • (2008) Phytochem Rev , vol.7 , pp. 525-537
    • Verpoorte, R.1    Choi, Y.H.2    Mustafa, N.R.3
  • 94
    • 73149103480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key phenological events in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) development
    • Virdis A, Motzo R, Giunta F (2009) Key phenological events in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) development. Ann Appl Biol 155(3):419–429
    • (2009) Ann Appl Biol , vol.155 , Issue.3 , pp. 419-429
    • Virdis, A.1    Motzo, R.2    Giunta, F.3
  • 95
    • 84890127014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phenology of seed-propagated globe artichoke
    • Virdis A, Motzo R, Giunta F (2014) The phenology of seed-propagated globe artichoke. Ann Appl Biol 164(1):128–137
    • (2014) Ann Appl Biol , vol.164 , Issue.1 , pp. 128-137
    • Virdis, A.1    Motzo, R.2    Giunta, F.3
  • 96
    • 70350339816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic action and underlying mechanisms of a combination of two pentacyclic triterpenes, α- and β-amyrin, in a mouse model of colitis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVChu7bF, PID: 19508397
    • Vitor CE, Figueiredo CP, Hara DB et al (2009) Therapeutic action and underlying mechanisms of a combination of two pentacyclic triterpenes, α- and β-amyrin, in a mouse model of colitis. Br J Pharmacol 157:1034–1044
    • (2009) Br J Pharmacol , vol.157 , pp. 1034-1044
    • Vitor, C.E.1    Figueiredo, C.P.2    Hara, D.B.3
  • 97
    • 0037471590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of antioxidative phenolic compounds in artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXptg%3D%3D, PID: 12537429
    • Wang M, Simon JE, Aviles IF et al (2003) Analysis of antioxidative phenolic compounds in artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). J Agric Food Chem 51:601–608
    • (2003) J Agric Food Chem , vol.51 , pp. 601-608
    • Wang, M.1    Simon, J.E.2    Aviles, I.F.3
  • 98
    • 80052586511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid protects primary neurons from amyloid β1-42-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtlaktbjL, PID: 22040415
    • Xiao HB, Cao X, Wang L et al (2011) 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid protects primary neurons from amyloid β1-42-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Chin Med J 124:2628–2635
    • (2011) Chin Med J , vol.124 , pp. 2628-2635
    • Xiao, H.B.1    Cao, X.2    Wang, L.3
  • 99
    • 8944248283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of taraxastane-type triterpenes on tumor promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XltVems7k%3D, PID: 8692541
    • Yasukawa K, Kaminaga T, Kanno H (1996) Inhibitory effect of taraxastane-type triterpenes on tumor promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. Oncology 53(4):341–344
    • (1996) Oncology , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 341-344
    • Yasukawa, K.1    Kaminaga, T.2    Kanno, H.3
  • 100
    • 77953649283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of the flowers of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus) on TPA-induced inflammation and tumor promotion in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXmsleksLo%3D, PID: 20225077
    • Yasukawa K, Matsubara H, Sano Y (2010) Inhibitory effect of the flowers of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus) on TPA-induced inflammation and tumor promotion in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. J Nat Med 64:388–391
    • (2010) J Nat Med , vol.64 , pp. 388-391
    • Yasukawa, K.1    Matsubara, H.2    Sano, Y.3
  • 101
    • 34547612834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced injury by 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in endothelial cells
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXptFKhsbg%3D, PID: 17640475
    • Zha RP, Xu W, Wang WY et al (2007) Prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced injury by 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in endothelial cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 28(8):1143–1148
    • (2007) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.28 , Issue.8 , pp. 1143-1148
    • Zha, R.P.1    Xu, W.2    Wang, W.Y.3
  • 102
    • 9344265790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenolic compounds from the leaf extract of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and their antimicrobial activities
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptlSgt7o%3D, PID: 15563206
    • Zhu X, Zhang H, Lo R (2004) Phenolic compounds from the leaf extract of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and their antimicrobial activities. J Agric Food Chem 52:7272–7278
    • (2004) J Agric Food Chem , vol.52 , pp. 7272-7278
    • Zhu, X.1    Zhang, H.2    Lo, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.