Natural resources in a planetary perspective

Geochemical Perspectives

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 129-341

  Britt, Douglas ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY; CHEMICAL INDUSTRY; CIVILIZATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; MINERAL PROCESSING; ORE BODY; PLATINUM GROUP ELEMENT; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 84944674519     PISSN: 22237755     EISSN: 22242759     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7185/geochempersp.3.2     Document Type: Article

References (404)

1. Acemoglu, D., Robinson, J.A. (2013) Why nations fail. The origins of power, prosperity and poverty. Profle Books Ltd, London, 529 pp.
2. Ainsworth, C., Sumaila, U. (2003) Intergenerational discounting and the conservation of fsheries resources: A case study in Canadian Atlantic cod. In: Sumaila, U. (Ed.) Three essays on the economics of fshing. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, Vancouver, 26-33.
3. Al-Hassani, S. (2008) 1000 Years of Missing Industrial History. In: Calvo Labarta, E., Mercè Maymo, C., Puig Aguilar, R., Rius Pinies, M. (Eds.) A shared legacy: Islamic science East and West. Edicions Universitat Barcelona, Barcelona, 57-82 [63].
4. Al-Husseini, M. (2009) World production of conventional petroleum liquids to 2030: A comparative overview. GeoArabia 14 , 215-267.
5. Al-Rawashdeh, R., Maxwell, P. (2011) The evolution and prospects of the phosphate industry. Mineral Economics 24, 15-27.
6. Aleklett, K. (2003) The Peak and Decline of World Oil and Gas Production. Journal of Minerals and Energy 18, 15-20.
7. Aleklett, K. (2007) Peak oil and the evolving strategies of oil importing and exporting countries. Discussion paper 17. Joint Transport Research Centre, OECD, International Transport Forum.
8. Aleklett, K., Lardelli, M., Qvennerstedt, K. (2012) Peeking at peak oil. Springer, Heidelberg, 335 pp.
9. Allen, D.T., Behamanesh, N. (1994) Wastes as Raw Materials. In: Allenby, B.R., Richards, D.J. (Eds.) The Greening of Industrial Ecosystems. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 68-96.
10. Van Andel, T.H. (1994) New views on an old planet: A History of Global Change. Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 458 pp.
11. Anderson, S., Blum, J., Brantley, S.L., Chadwick, O., Chorover, J., Derry, L.A., Drever, J.I., Hering, J.G., Kirchner, J.W., Kump, L.R., Richter, D., White, A.F. (2004) Proposed initiative would study Earth͆ weathering engine. EOS 85, 265-272.
12. Anglo-American Mining Corporation (2012) Fact Book 2011/12. Platinum. Johannesburg, South Africa, 19 pp.
13. Anglo-American Mining Corporation (2013) Ore reserves and mineral resources report 2013.
14. Arnarson, M., Kristjánsson, P, Bjarnason, A., Sverdrup, H., Ragnarsdottir K.V. (2011) The Icelandic Economic Collapse, A Systems Analysis Perspective on fnancial, social and world system links. University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 74 pp.
15. Arndt, N.T., Lesher, C.M., Czamanske, G.K. (2005) Mantle-derived magmas and magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits. In: Hendenquist, J.W., Thompson, J.F.K., Goldfarb, R.J., Richards, J.P. (Eds.) Economic Geology One Hundredth Anniversary Volume, Society of Economic Geologists, Littleton, 5-24.
16. Ash, A. (2002) Gold derivatives growth unsustainable. New study from the world gold Council. The Bullion Vault Website 2009.
17. Ash, A. (2009) Still paying and missing out on gold's $60bn-per-day whole sale deals. The BullionVault Website 2009.
18. Atkinson, A. (2008) The ISIS Agreement. Earthscan from Routledge, London, 336 pp.
19. Bahn, P., Flenley, J. (1992) Easter Island, Earth Island. Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 240 pp.
20. Bardi, U. (2005) The Mineral Economy: A Model for the Shape of Oil Production Curves. Energy Policy 33, 53-61.
21. Bardi, U. (2007) Peak oil's ancestor: the peak of British coal production in the 1920s. Newsletter 73. The Association for Study of Peak Oil (ASPO), Uppsala, Sweden.
22. Bardi, U. (2008) Peak oil and The Limits to Growth: two parallel stories. The Oil Drum, Europe, http://www.theoildrum.com/node/3550.
23. Bardi, U. (2009a) Peak Civilization: The Fall of the Roman Empire. The Oil Drum, Europe, http://www.theoildrum.com/node/5528.
24. Bardi, U. (2009b) The ffth problem: peak capital. The Oil Drum, Europe, http://www.theoildrum.com/node/5434.
25. Bardi, U. (2011) The Limits to growth revisited. Springer Briefs in Energy, Springer, New York, 136 pp.
26. Bardi, U. (2013) Extracted. How the quest for mineral wealth is plundering the planet. The past, present and future of global mineral depletion. A report to the Club of Rome. Chelsea Green Publishing, Vermont, 299 pp.
27. Bardi, U., Yaxley, L. (2005) How General is the Hubbert Curve? The Case of Fisheries. In: Aleklett, K. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 4th International ASPO Conference. ASPO, Lisbon, online: http://europe.theoildrum.com/fles/bardiyaxleyaspo2005.pdf.
28. Bardi, U., Pagani, M. (2008) Peak Minerals. The Oil Drum, Europe, http://www.theoildrum.com/node/3086.
29. Bardi, U., Lavacchi, A. (2009) A Simple Interpretation of Hubbert's Model of Resource Exploitation. Energies 2, 6 46-661.
30. Barnes, H. (Ed.) (1996) Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits. Third Edition, Wiley, New York, 992 pp.
31. Barrie, C.T., Hannington, M.D. (Eds.) (1999) Volcanic-Associated Massive Sulfde Deposts: Processes and Example in Modern and Ancient Settings. Reviews in Economic Geology V8, Society of Economic Geologists, Denver, 408 pp.
32. Bartlett, A.A. (1999) An Analysis of U.S. and World Oil Production Patterns Using Hubbert-Style Curves. Mathematical Geology 31, 1-17.
33. Bassi, A.M., Powers, R., Schoenberg, W. (2009) An Integrated Approach to Energy Prospects for North America and the Rest of the World. Energy Economics 32, 30-42.
34. Bech Nielsen, H. (1989) Random dynamics and relations between the number of fermion generations and the fnite structure constants. Acta Physica Polonica B20, 427-468.
35. Beder, S. (2000) Costing the earth: Equit y, sustainable development and environmental economics. Journal of Environmental Law 4, 227-243.
36. Bellamy, P.H., Loveland, P.H., Bradley, R.I., Lark, R.M., Kirk, G.J.D. (2005) Carbon losses from all soils across England and Wales 1978-2003. Nature, 437, 245-248.
37. Bekker, A., Slack, J.F., Planavsky, N., Krapez, B., Hofmann, A., Konhauser, K.O., Rouxel, O.J. (2010) Iron formation: The sedimentary product of a complex interplay among mantle, tectonic, oceanic and biosphere processes. Economic Geology 105, 467-508.
38. oC and 500-1500 bar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60, 1849-1871.
39. Bleischwitz, R., Meyer, B., Giljum, S., Acosta, J., Distelkamp, M., Meyer, M., Pirgmaier, E., Schütz, H., Ritsche, D. (2012) Wirtschaftliches Wachstum mit weniger Ressourcennutzung-Die absolute Entkopplung ist mglich. Ökologisches Wirtschaften 2/2012, 30-33.
40. Bindraban, P.S., Van Der Velde, M., Ye, L., Van Den Berg, M., Materechera, S., Kiba, D.I., Tamene, L., Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Jongschaap, R., Hoogmoed, M., Hoogmoed, M., Van Beek, C., Van Lynden, G. (2012) Assessing the impact of soil degradation on food production. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 4, 478-488.
41. Bodde, D. (1991) Chinese Thought, Society, and Science: The Intellectual and Social Background of Science and Technology in Pre-modern China. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 441 pp.
42. Boetteke, P.J. (1997) Where did economics go wrong? Modern economics as a fight from reality. Critical Review 11, 11-64.
43. Brantley, S.A., Goldhaber, M., Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2007) Crossing disciplines and scales to understand the critical zone. Elements 3, 307-314.
44. Brewster, N. (2009) Outlook for commodity markets. Rio Tinto Inc. MF Global Seminar 2009.
45. Brown, L.B. (2009a) Plan B 4.0. Mobilizing to save civilization. Earth Policy Institute, Norton and Company, London, 199 pp.
46. Brown, L.B. (2009b) Could food shortages bring down civilization? Scientifc American 301, 38-45.
47. Bruhns, K.O. (1994) Ancient South America. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 448 pp.
48. Butt, C.R.M., Hough, R.M. (2009) Why gold is valuable. Elements 5, 277-280.
49. Campbell, C. (2004) The Coming Oil Crisis. Independent Publishers Group, Chicago, 210 pp.
50. Campbell, C. (2013) Campbell's Atlas of Oil and Gas Depletion. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 788 pp.
51. Campbell, C., Laherrere, J.H. (1998) The end of cheap oil. Scientifc American, 78-83.
52. Canfield, D.E. (2005) The early history of atmospheric oxygen: homage to Robert M. Garrels. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science 33, 1-36.
53. Carrol, L. (1871) Through the looking glass. Pseudonym for Charles Ludtwige Dodgson. Sequel.
54. Carter, B., Mccrea, W.H. (1983) The anthropic principle and its implications for biological evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A310 (1512), 347-363.
55. Catling, D.C., Claire, M.W. (2005) How Earth͆ atmosphere evolved to an oxic state: A status report. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2 37, 1-20.
56. Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N. (2012) Rare earth mineralization in igneous rocks: Sources and processes. Elements 8, 347-353.
57. Champion, T., Gamble, C., Shennan, S., Whittle, A. (1984) Prehistoric Europe. Academic Press, London, 365 pp.
58. Chapman, D. (2000) The $24 trillion monster. http://www.gold-eagle.com/article/24-trillion-derivatives-monster.
59. Chen, W.Q., Graedel, T.E. (2012) Anthropogenic Cycles of the Elements: A Critical Review. Environmental Science & Technology 46, 8574-8586.
60. CME (2013) A global highlights summary of metals markets; Highlights, Futures and options. Monthly Metals Review, CME Group, Chicago, 17 pp.
61. Cohen, C. (2007) Earth's natural wealth, an audit. New Scientist 2605, 34.
62. Cohen, J.E. (1995) Population Growth and Earth's Human Carrying Capacity. Science 269, 341-346.
63. Cordell, D., Drangert, J.-O., White, S. (2009) The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought. Global Environmental Change 19, 292-305.
64. Cordell, D., White, S., Lindström, T. (2011a) Peak phosphorus: the crunch time for humanity? http:// www.thesustainabilityreview.org/2011/04/peak-phosphorus-the-crunch-time-for-humanity/.
65. Cordell, D., Rosemarin, A., Schroder, J.J., Smit, A.L. (2011b) Towards global phosphorus security: A systems framework for phosphorus recovery and reuse options. Chemosphere 84, 747-758.
66. coPPeR Develoment AssociAtion inc. (2013) Copper in the USA: Bright Future Glorious Past. http://www.copper.org/education/history/g-fact-future.html
67. Costanza, R., Daly, H.E. (1992) Natural capital and sustainable development. Conservation Biology 6 , 1-10.
68. Costanza, R., Graulich, L.J., Steffen, W. (Eds.) (2005) Sustainability or collapse? An integrated history and future of the people on Earth. The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts.
69. Costanza, R., Mcglade, J., De Bonvoisin, S., Farley, J., Giovannini, E., Kibizewski, I., Moore Lappe, F., Lovins, H., Pickett, K., Norris, G., Prugh, T., Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Roberts, D., Wilkinson, R. (2013) The Future we Really Want. Solutions 4, 37-43.
70. Costanza, R., Kubiszewski, I., Giovannini, E., Lovins, H., Mcglade, J., Pickett, K.W., Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Roberts, D., De Vogli, R. Wilkinson, R. (2014) Development: Time to Dethrone GDP. Nature 505, 282-285.
71. Cox, D.P., Lindsey, D.A., Singer, D.A., Moring, B.C., Diggles, M.F. (2007) Sediment-hosted copper deposits of the world: Deposit models and database. USGS Open-File Report 03-107 Version 1.3. cPm silveR yeARbook (2011) Euromoney Books. CPM Group, New York.
72. Crowson, P.C.F. (2011a) Mineral reserves and future minerals availability. Mineral Economics 24, 1-6.
73. Crowson, P.C.F. (2011b) Some observations on copper yields and ore grades. Resources Policy 37, 59-72.
74. Cullen, J.M., Allwood, J.M., Bambach, M.D. (2012) Mapping the Global Flow of Steel: From Steel-making to End-Use Goods. Environmental Science & Technology 46, 13048-13055.
75. Daily, G.C., Ehrlich, P. (1992) Population, sustainability and the earth's carrying capacity. A framework for estimating population sizes and lifestyles that could be sustained without undermining future generations. Journal of Bioscience 42, 761-771.
76. Daily, g.C., Ehrlich, A.H., Ehrlich, P.R. (1994) Optimum Human Population Size. Population and Environment 15, 469-475.
77. Davidson, C.F. (1965) A possible mode of origin of strata-bound copper ores. Economic Geology 60, 942-954. DemocRAcy web (2013) http://www.democracyweb.org/.
78. De Vogli, R. (2013) Progress or Collapse: The Crises of Market Greed. Abingdon, Routledge.
79. Diamond, J. (1997) Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. W.W. Norton and Co., New York, 528 pp.
80. Diamond, J. (2005) Collapse. How societies choose to fail or survive. Penguin Books, New York, 590 pp.
81. Edwards, R., Atkinson, K. (1986) Ore Deposit Geology. Chapman Hall, London, 466 pp.
82. Ehrlich, P. (1968) The population bomb. Ballantine books, New York, 201 pp.
83. Ehrlich, P.R., Goulder, L.H. (2007) Is current consumption excessive? A general framework and some indications for the United States. Conservation Biology 21, 1145-1154.
84. Ehrlich, P.R., Ehrlich, A. (2013) Can a collapse of global civilisation be avoided? Proceedings of The Royal Society B, 280, 20122845.
85. Ehrlich, P., Daily, G., Goulder, L. (1992) Population growth, economic growth and market economics. Contention 2, 17-35.
86. Energy Information Administration (2007). U.S. Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves, 2006. Annual Report. DOE/EIA-0216.
87. Etherington, H. (1958) Nuclear Engineering Handbook, McGraw Hill, New York, 1876 pp.
88. EUROINOX (2014) International Stainless Steel Forum Austenitic chromium-manganese stainless steels, A European approach. The European Stainless steel development Association, Materials and application Series 12, 2-20.
89. Evans, L.T. (1998) Feeding the Ten Billion - Plants and Population Growth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 264 pp.
90. Eyles, N. (2008) Glacio-epochs and the supercontinent cycle after ~2.0 Ga: Tectonic boundary conditions for glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 258, 89-129.
91. Fagan, B. (2008) The great warming. The rise and fall of great civilizations. S. Martin Pr., London, 282 pp.
92. FAO (2010) The State of Food Insecurity in the World - Addressing Food Insecurity in Protracted Crisis. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 62 pp.
93. FAO (2011) Review of the State of World Marine Fishery Resources. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome, 354 pp.
94. Feynman, R.P. (1999) The pleasure of fnding things out. Helix Boox, Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 300 pp.
95. Filippelli, G.M. (2008) The global phosphorus cycle: Past, present and future. Elements 4, 89-95.
96. Fischer-Kowalski, M., Swilling, M., Von Weizsäcker, E.U., Ren, Y., Morigichi, Y., Crane, W., Kraus-Mann, F., Eisenmenger, N., Giljum, S., Heindricke, P., Romero Lankao, P., Sinban Manalang, A. (2011) United Nations Environment Programme. Decoupling natural resources use and environmental impacts from economic growth. A report of the working group on decoupling to the international resource panel. UNEP, 150pp.
97. Fleming, R. (2011) Britain after Rome. The fall and rise 400 to 700. Penguin books, London, 456 pp.
98. Forrester, J. (1971) World dynamics. Pegasus Communications, Waltham Massachusetts.
99. th Anniversary Volume, Society of Economic Geologists, 485-627.
100. Francois, J-L., Nunez-Carrera, A., Espinosa-Paredes, G., Martin-Del-Campo, C. (2004) Design of a boiling water reactor equilibrium core using thorium-uranium fuel. American Nuclear Energy Symposium 2004, Miami Beach.
101. Freedom house (2013) http://www.freedomhouse.org/.
102. Fukuyama, F. (2011) The origins of political order. From pre-human times to the French revolution. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. New York, 550 pp.
103. Fukuyama, F. (2014) Political Order and Political Decay: From the Industrial Revolution to the Globalization of Democracy. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 672 pp.
104. Geoscience Australia (2009) Australia's identifed mineral resources in 2009. Geoscience Australia, Canberra, 111 pp.
105. Gibbard, P., Van Kolfschoten, T. (2004) The Pleistocene and Holocene Epochs. In: Gradstein, F. M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G. (Eds.) A Geologic Time Scale. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 610 pp.
106. oC and 500 bars. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 62, 2931-2947.
107. Gliessman, S.R. (2006) Agroecology: The Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems. Second edition, CRC Press, London, 408 pp.
108. Goklany, I. (2009) Has increases in population, affuence and technology worsened human and environmental well being? The electronic Journal of Sustainable Development 1, 3-28.
109. th Anniversary Volume. Society of Economic Geologists, Littleton, Colorado, 407-450.
110. Gordon, R.B. (1996) American Iron 1607-1900. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 344 pp.
111. Gordon, R., Bertram, B., Graedel, T.E. (2006) Metal Stocks and Sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 103, 1209-1214.
112. Gott III, J.R. (1993) Implications of the Copernican principle for our future prospects. Nature 363, 315-319.
113. Gott III, J.R. (1994) Future Prospects Discussed. Nature 368, 108.
114. Graedel, T.E., Erdmann, L. (2012) Will metal scarcity impede industrial use? Metals Research Society Bulletin 37, 325-333.
115. Graedel, T.E., Van Beers, D., Bertram, M., Fuse, K., Gordon, R., Gritsinin, A. (2004) Multi-level Cycle of Anthropogenic Copper. Environmental Science & Technology 38, 1242-1252.
116. Graedel, T.E, Buckert, M., Reck, B.K. (2011) Assessing mineral resources in society. Metal stocks and recycling rates. UNEP, Paris, 32 pp.
117. Greene, D.L., Hopson, J.L., Li, J. (2003) Running Out of and Into Oil: Analyzing Global Depletion and Transition through 2050. ORNL/TM-2003/259. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 124 pp.
118. Greer, J.M. (2008) The long descent. A user's guide to the end of the industrial age. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, Canada, 288 pp.
119. Guilbert, J.M., Park, C.F. (1986) The Geology of Ore Deposits. W.H. Freeman, New York.
120. Hagemann, S., Rosière, C., Gutzmer, J., Beukes, N.J. (Eds.) (2008) Banded iron formation-related high-grade iron ore. Reviews in Economic Geology 15, Society of Economic Geologists, 414 pp.
121. Hall, C. (2008) Energy return on investment and our economic future. Proceedings of the 33rd International Geological Congress, Oslo, Norway.
122. Hall, C., Lindenberger, D., Kummel, R., Kroeger, T., Eichhorn, W. (2001) The need to reintegrate the natural sciences with economics. BioScience 51, 663-667.
123. Hall, C.A.S., Balogh, S., Murphy, D.J.R. (2009) What is the Minimum EROI That a Sustainable Society Must Have? Energies 2, 25-47.
124. th World Energy Congress. World Energy Council, 19 pp.
125. Haraldsson, H.V., Sverdrup, H.U. (2004) Finding Simplicity in complexity in biogeochemical modelling. In: Wainwright, J., Mulligan, M. (Eds.) Environmental Modelling. Wiley, New York, 494 pp.
126. Hardin, G. (1968) The Tragedy of the Commons. Science 162, 1243-1248.
127. Heinberg, R. (2001) Peak Everything: Waking Up to the Century of Decline in Earth's Resources. Clairview Books, Forest Row, 224 pp.
128. Heinberg, R. (2005) The party's over. Oil, war and the fate of industrial societies. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, Canada, 288 pp.
129. Heinberg, R. (2011) The end of growth. Adapting to our new economic reality. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, Canada, 288 pp.
130. Hemley, J.J., Hung, J.P. (1992) Hydrothermal ore-forming processes in the light of studies in rock-buffered systems: II. Some general geologic applications. Economic Geology 87, 23-42.
131. Hessler, A.M., Lowe, D.R., Jones, R.I., Bird, D.K. (2004) A lower limit for atmospheric carbon dioxide levels 3.2 billion years ago. Nature 428, 736-738.
132. Hirsch, R.L., Bezdek, R., Wending, R. (2005) Peaking of world oil production: Impacts, mitigation and risk management. "The Hirsch report". US Department of Energy, 91 pp.
133. Hodson, M.E. (2010) The need for sustainable soil remediation. Elements 6, 363-368.
134. Hofmann, P.F., Schrag, D.P. (2002) The snowball Earth hypothesis: Testing the limits of global change. Ter ra Nova 14, 129-155.
135. Hoisington, D.B. (1959) Nucleonic fundamentals. McGraw-Hill Publishers, New York, 410 pp.
136. Holland, H.D. (2006) Oxygenation of the atmosphere and oceans. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 361, 903-9015.
137. Holland, H.D. (2009) Why the atmosphere became oxygenated: a proposal. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 73, 5241-5255.
138. Holland, S.P. (2008) Modelling peak oil. The Energy Journal 29, 61-80.
139. nd Edition, De Gruyter, Berlin, 2033 pp.
140. Holmberg, J., Robèrt, K.H. (2000) Backcasting - a framework for strategic planning. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 7, 291-308.
141. Holmberg, J., Robèrt, K.H., Eriksson, K.E. (1996) Socio-ecological principles for sustainability. In: Costanza, R., Olman, S., Martinez-Alier, J. (Eds.) Getting Down to Earth - Practical Applications of Ecological Economics. International Society of Ecological Economics, Island Press, Washington, 494 pp.
142. Hooke, R. (2000) On the history of humans as geomorphic agents. Geology 28, 843-846.
143. Höök, M., Zittel, W., Schindler, J., Aleklett, K. (2008) A supply-driven forecast for the future global coal production. Contribution to ASPO 2008. Uppsala University, Uppsala, 48 pp.
144. Horz, G. (2000) The treasure of gold and silver artifacts from the Royal Tombs of Sipan, Peru, a study on the Moche metalworking techniques. Materials Characterization 45, 391-420.
145. Hosler, D. (1999) Recent insights into the metallurgical technologies of ancient mesoamerica. JOM Journal of the Minerals 51, 11-14.
146. Hubbert, M.K. (1956) Nuclear energy and the fossil fuels. Presented to the spring meeting of the southern district, Division of production. American Petroleum Institute. Publication no. 95. Shell Development Company, Houston, 57 pp.
147. Hubbert, M.K. (1962) Energy Resources. A Report to the Committee on Natural Resources. National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 54 pp.
148. Hubbert, M. K. (1966) History of Petroleum Geology and Its Bearing Upon Present and Future Exploration. AAPG Bulletin 50, 2504-2518.
149. Hubbert, M.K. (1972) Estimation of Oil and Gas Resources. Workshop on Techniques of Mineral Resource Appraisal. U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, 16-50.
150. Hubbert, M.K. (1976) Exponential growth as a transient phenomenon in human history. Paper presented to World Wildlife Fund, Fourth International Congress, The Fragile Earth, Towards strategies for survival. Other issues. World Wildlife Fund, San Francisco, 75-84.
151. Hubbert, M.K. (1982) Techniques of Prediction as Applied to Production of Oil and Gas. NBS Special Publication 631, US Department of Commerce, 737 pp.
152. Hugh, R.M., Butt, C.R., Fischer-bühner, J. (2009) The crystallography, metallography and composition of gold. Elements 5, 297-302.
153. Huh, C.A., Ku, T.L. (1984) Radiochemical observations on manganese nodules from three sedimentary environments in the north Pacifc. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 48, 951-964.
154. International Energy Agency (IEA) (2014) Key world energy statistics. Energy data centre of the IEA, Paris, 82 pp.
155. International Stainless Steel Forum (2014) The stainless steel family. International Stainless Steel Forum, Brussels, 5 pp.
156. Jackson, T. (2009) Prosperity without Growth. Economics for a Finite Planet. Earthscan, London, 288 pp.
157. Jasinski, S.M. (2006) Phosphate Rock. Statistics and Information US Geological Survey. USGS Mineral Resources Program, 2 pp.
158. Jayaram, K.V.M. (1985) An overview of world thorium resources, incentives for further exploration and forecast for thorium requirements in the near future. In: Proceedings of a Technical Committee Meeting on Utilization of Thorium-Based Nuclear Fuel: Current Status and Perspectives. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria, 158 pp.
159. Jevrejeva, S., Grinsted, A., Moore, J.C. (2014) Upper level for sea level projections by 2100. Environmental Research Letters 9, 10.
160. Johnson, J., Harper, E. M., Lifset, R., Graedel, T. E. (2007) Dining at the Periodic Table: Metals Concentrations as They Relate to Recycling. Environmental Science & Technology 41, 1759-1765.
161. Kamienski, C.W., Mcdonald, D.P., Stark, M.W., Papcun, J.R., Conrad, W. (2004) Lithium and lithium compounds. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons.
162. Kanninen, T. (2013) Crisis of Global Sustainability. Global Institutions Series. Routledge, Agingdon, 208 pp.
163. Kasten, P.R. (1998) Review of the Radkowsky thorium reactor concept. Science and Global Security 7, 237-269.
164. Kasting, J.F., Ono, S. (2006) Palaeoclimates: the frst two billion years. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Of London B 361, 917-929.
165. Keatinge, R.W. (1988) Peruvian Prehistory: An Overview of Pre-Inca and Inca Society. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 384 pp.
166. Kemper, W.D., Rosenau, R.C. (1986) Aggregate stability and size distribution. In: Klute, A. (Ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods. American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America, Madison WI, 1358 pp.
167. Kennedy, P. (1987) The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Confict From 1500 to 2000. Random House, London, 677 pp.
168. Kesler, S.E., Wilkinson, B.H. (2013) Earth's copper resources estimated from tectonic diffusion of porphyry copper deposits. Geology 41, 255-258.
169. Kifle, D., Sverdrup, H., Koca, D., Wibetoe, G. (2012) A Simple Assessment of the Global Long Term Supply of the Rare Earth Elements by Using a System Dynamics Model. Environment and Natural Resources Research 3, 1-15.
170. Klein, C. (2005) Some Precambrian banded iron-formations (BIFs) from around the world: Their age, geologic setting, mineralogy, metamorphism, geochemistry, and origins. American Mineralogist 90, 1473-1499.
171. Klein, N. (2007) The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. Penguin Books, London, 576 pp.
172. Kock Johansen, Ö. (2001) Fra stenpenger til Euro. Betalingsmiddlenes forunderlige verden. DNB, Oslo.
173. Kubiszewski, I., Costanza, R., Franco, C., Lawn, P., Talberth, J., Jackson, T., Aylmer, C. (2013) Beyond GDO: Measuring and achieving global genuine progress. Ecological Economics 93, 57-68.
174. Kukla, G. (2005) Saalian supercycle, Mindel/Riss interglacial and Milankovitch's dating. Quaternary Science Reviews 24, 1573-1583.
175. Kump, L.R., Kasting, J.F., Barley, M.E. (2001) Rise of atmospheric oxygen and the "upside down" Archean mantle. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 2, 1.
176. Kynicky, J., Smith, M.P., Xu, C. (2012) Diversity of rear earth deposits: The key example of China. Elements 8, 361-367.
177. Laherrere, J. (2010) Copper peak. The oildrum Europe 6307, 1-27.
178. Leach, D.L., Sangster, D.F. (1993) Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits. In: Kirkham, R.V., Sinclair, W.D., Thorpe, R.I., Duke, J.M. (Eds.) Mineral Deposits Modeling. Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 40, 289-314.
179. Leach, D.L., Bradley, D.C., Huston, D., Pisarevsky, S.A., Taylor, R.D., Gardoll, S.J. (2010) Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits in Earth History. Economic Geology 105, 593-625.
180. Lenzen, M. (2008) Life cycle energy and greenhouse gas emissions of nuclear energy: A review. Energy Conversion and Management 49, 2178-2199.
181. Lehtinen, T., Lairg, G.J., Mentler, A., Gisladóttir, G., Ranarsdóttir, K.V., Blum, W.E.H. (2014a) Soil Aggregate quantifcation using low dispersive ultrasonic energy levels. Soil Science Society of America Journal 78, 3, 713-723.
182. Lehtinen, T., Schlatter, N., Baumgarten, A., Bechini, L., Krüger, J., Grignani, C., Zavattaro, L., Costamagna, C., Spiegel, H. (2014b) Effect of crop residue incorporation on soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas emission in European agricultural soils. Soil Use and Management 30, 4, 524-538.
183. Leslie, J. (1998) The End of the World: The Science and Ethics of Human Extinction, Routledge, London, 320 pp.
184. Von Liebig, J. (1843) Familiar letters of chemistry and its relation to commerce, physiology and agriculture. J. Gardener, London.
185. Von Liebig, J., Playfair, L, Webster, J.W. (1841) Organic chemistry and its applications to agriculture and physiology. J. Owen Publishing house, Cambridge.
186. Lietaer, B. (2001) The Future of Money: Creating New Wealth, Work and a Wiser World. Century, London, 384 pp.
187. Lietaer, B. (2003) A World in Balance? Refections, the journal of the Society for Organizational Learning (SOL), Special issue on "The feminine approach to leadership", 15 pp.
188. Lietaer, B., Ulanowicz, R.E., Goerner, S., Mclaren, N. (2010) Is Our Monetary Structure a Systemic Cause for Financial Instability? Evidence and Remedies from Nature. Journal of Futures Studies, Special Issue on the Financial Crisis 4, 3, 89-108.
189. Lövin, I. (2007) Tyst Hav. Ordfront Förlag AB, Stockholm, 237 pp.
190. Long, D.G.F., Ulrich, T., Kamber, B.S. (2011) Laterally extensive modifed placer gold deposits in the Paleoproterozoic Mississagi Formation, Clement and Pardo Townships, Ontario. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 48, 779-792.
191. Lumpkin, G.R., Ewing, R.C. (1985) Geochemical alteration of pyrochlore group minerals: pyrochlore subgroup. American Mineralogist 80, 732-743.
192. Lütken, O.D. (1761) Undersøgning om Hindringer for Folkemængden. Sorø, Denmark, 118 pp.
193. Macintosh, A., Edwards-Jones, G. (2000) Discounting the children's future? Geophilos 1, 122-133.
194. Macdougall, D. (2004) Frozen Earth: The Once and Future Story of Ice Ages. University of California Press, Oakland, 267 pp.
195. Malthus, T.R. (1798) An essay on the principle of population as it affects the future improvement of society, reprinted as "The mathematics of food and population". In: Newman, J. (Ed.) The world of mathematics. Simon and Schuster, New York, 1956, 1192-1199.
196. Marchak, P. (1995) Logging the globe. McGill Queen's University Press, Montreal, 440 pp.
197. Mayer, A. (2000) Contraction and Convergence. Schumacher Briefng 5. Totnes: Green Books.
198. McDonnell, T.C., Belyazid, S., Sullivan, T.J., Sverdrup, H., Bowman, W.D., Porter, E.M. (2014) Modeled subalpine plant community response to climate change and atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA. Environmental Pollution 187, 55-64.
199. Meadows, D.L., Wright, D. (2008) Thinking in Systems. A Primer. Chelsea Green Publishing, White River Junction, VT, 240 pp.
200. Meadows, D.H., Meadows, D.L., Randers, J., Behrens, W. (1972) Limits to growth. Universe Books, New York, 205 pp.
201. Meadows, D.L., Behrens III, W.W., Meadows, D.H., Naill, R.F., Randers, J., Zahn, E.K.O. (1974) Dynamics of Growth in a Finite World. Wright-Allen Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 637 pp.
202. Meadows, D.H., Meadows, D.L., Randers, J. (1992) Beyond the limits: confronting global collapse, envisioning a sustainable future. Chelsea Green Publishing Company, White River Junction, VT, 320 pp.
203. Meadows, D.H., Randers, J., Meadows, D.L. (2004) Limits to growth. The 30 year update Universe Press, New York, 368 pp.
204. Meinshausen, M., Meinshausen, N., Hare, W., Raper, S.C.B., Frieler, K., Knutti, R., Frame, D.J., Allen, M.R. (2009) Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 °C. Nature 458, 1158-1163.
205. Melezhik, V.A. (2006) Multiple causes of Earth͆ earliest global glaciation. Terra Nova 18, 130-137.
206. Meyer, A. (2000) Contraction and Convergence. Schumacher Briefng 5. Green Books, Totnes, 96 pp.
207. Meyer, B., Meyer, M., Distelkamp, M. (2012) Modeling green growth and resource effciency: new results. Mineral Economics 24 , 145-154.
208. Minex Consulting (2010) www.minexconsulting.com/publications.html.
209. Modin-Edman, A.K., Öborn, I., Sverdrup, H. (2007) FARMFLOW-A Dynamic Model for Phosphorus Mass Flow, Simulating Conventional and Organic Management of a Swedish Dairy Farm. Agricultural Systems Agricultural systems 94, 431-444.
210. Mojarov, A. (2013) The Iron Ore Market Situation - views of UNCTAD. Powerpoint presentation shown at the 74th session of the OECD Steel Committee 1-2 July 2013, Paris, France. UNCTAD Trust Fund on Iron Ore Information.
211. Mohr, S., Evans, G. (2013) Projections of future phosphorus production. PHILICACOM 2013, article number 380.
212. Mohr, S., Mudd, G.M., Weng, Z., Giurco, D. (2014) Modelling future copper ore grade decline based on a detailed assessment of copper resources and mining. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 83, 190-201.
213. Morrigan, T. (2010) Peak energy, climate change and the collapse of global civilization. The current peak oil crisis. 2nd edition, University of California, Santa Barbara, 270 pp.
214. oC and reassessment of high temperature data. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 63, 11-29.
215. Mudd, G.M. (2007) Gold mining in Australia: linking historical trends and environmental and resource sustainability. Environmental Science & Policy 10, 629-644.
216. Mudd, G.M. (2009) Historical Trends in Base Metal Mining: Backcasting to Understand the Sustain-ability of Mining. Procedures of the "48th Annual Conference of Metallurgists". Canadian Metallurgical Society, Sudbury, Ontario.
217. Mudd, G.M. (2010) The environmental sustainability of mining in Australia: Key mega-trends and looming constraints. Resources Policy 35, 98-115.
218. Mungall, J.E., Naldrett, A.J. (2008) Ore deposits of the platinum-group elements. Elements 4, 253-258.
219. Murck, B.W., Skinner, B.J., Porter, S.C. (1996) Environmental Geology. Wiley, New York, 560 pp.
220. Murr, L.E. (2014) A brief history of metals. Handbook of Materials Structures, Properties, Processing and Performance, 1-7.
221. Müller, D.B., Wang, T., Duval, B., Graedel, T.E. (2006) Exploring the engine of anthropogenic iron cycles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103, 44, 16111-16116.
222. Mylchreest, P. (2009) Gold market - accident waiting to happen or crime scene? Don't shoot the messenger. Thunder Road Report, 30 pp.
223. Mylchreest, P. (2011) Gresham's law squared-gearing up for game over. Thunder Road Report, 25 pp.
224. Mylchreest, P. (2012a) Caught Red Handed: massive manipulation of the Gold Market since America lost its "AAA" credit rating - implications for bullion & gold equities (and the monetary system). Thunder Road Report, 57 pp.
225. Mylchreest, P. (2012b) Infationary defation: Creating a new bubble in money. Banks versus the Long Wave. Thunder Road Report, 75 pp.
226. Nashawi, I.S., Malallah, A., Al-Bisharah, M. (2010) Forecasting world crude oil production using multicyclic Hubbert model. Energy Fuels 24, 1788-1800.
227. Nest, M. (2011) Coltan. Polity Publishers, Whiley, Cambridge, 200 pp.
228. NDP Steering Committee and Secretariat (2013) Happiness: Towards a New Development Paradigm. Report of the Kingdom of Bhutan, Thumphu, 20 pp.
229. Nilsson, J. (Ed) (1988) Critical loads for sulphur and nitrogen. Miljörapport 1988, 15, 380 pp.
230. Nørgård, J.S., Peet, J., Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2010) The history of limits to growth. Solutions 1, 59-63.
231. Norgate, T.E., Rankin, W.J. (2000a) Greenhouse gas emissions from aluminium production - a life cycle approach. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Greenhouse Gases in the Metallurgical Industries: Policies, Abatement and Treatment, August 26-29, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Metallurgical Society of the Canadian Institute of Mining Metallurgy and Petroleum, 275-290.
232. Norgate, T.E., Rankin, W.J. (2000b) Life Cycle Assessment of Copper and Nickel Production. Proceedings, Minprex, International Conference on Minerals Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 133-138.
233. Northey, S., Mohr, S., Mudd, G.M., Weng, Z., Giurco, D. (2014) Modelling future copper ore grade decline based on a detailed assessment of copper resources and mining. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 83, 190-201.
234. Nuss, P., Harper, E.M., Nassar, N.T., Reck, B.K., Graedel, T.E. (2014) Criticality of Iron and Its Principal Alloying Elements. Environmental Science & Technology 48, 4171-4177.
235. OCC (2009) Controller of the Currency Administrator of National Banks. OCC's Quarterly Report on Bank Trading and Derivatives Activities. Fourth Quarter 2009. Washington, DC, 53 pp.
236. OCC (2013) Controller of the Currency Administrator of National Banks. OCC's Quarterly Report on Bank Trading and Derivatives Activities. First Quarter 2012. Washington, DC, 51 pp.
237. Óday, P.A., Vlassopoulos, D. (2010) Mineral-based amendments for remediation. Elements 6, 375-381.
238. Oelkers, E.H., Valsami-Jones, E. (2008) Phosphate mineral reactivity and global sustainability. Elements 4, 83-87.
239. Osborn, F.L. (1948) Our Plundered Planet. Little, Brown and Company, London, 217 pp.
240. OXFAM (2014) Working for the Few. Political Capture of Economic Inequality. Oxfam, London, 32 pp.
241. Pardis, S., Hannigan, P. , Dewing, K. (2007) Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits. In: Goodfellow, W.D. (Ed.) Mineral deposits of Canada: a synthesis of major deposit-types, district metallogeny, the evolution of geological provinces, and exploration methods. Geological Association of Canada, Mineral Deposits Division, Special Publication 5, 185-203.
242. Patzek, T.W., Croft, G. (2010) A global coal production forecast with multi-Hubbert cycle analysis. Energy 35, 3109-3122.
243. Penck, A. (1925) Das Hauptproblem der Physischen Anthropogeographie. Zeitschrift für Geopolitik, Vol. 2, 330-348.
244. Phelan, J., Belyazid, S., Kurz, D., Guthrie, S., Cajka, J., Sverdrup, H., Waite, R. (2014) Estimation of soil base cation weathering rates with the PROFILE model to determine critical loads of acidity for forested ecosystems in Pennsylvania, USA; Pilot application of a potential National methodology. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 225, 2109-2128.
245. Piketty, T. (2014) Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Harvard University Press, 667pp.
246. Pimentel, D, Harvey, C., Resosudarmo, P. , Sinclair, K., Kurz, D., Mcnair, M., Crist, S, Shpritz, L., Fitton, L., Saffouri, R., Blair, R. (1995) Environmental and economic costs of soil erosion and conservation benefts. Science New Series 267, 1117-1123.
247. Pipkin, B., Trent, D.D., Hazlett, R., Bierman, P. (2013) Geology and the Environment. Seventh Edition, Cengage Learning, Boston, 656 pp.
248. Pogue, J.E., Hill, K.E. (1956) Future Growth and Financial Requirements of the World Petroleum Industry. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Petroleum Branch, New York, February 1956.
249. Pohl, W.L. (2005) Economic Geology. Principles and Practice. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, 678 pp.
250. Polinares (2012) POLINARES working paper n. 41. Fact Sheet: Iron Ore. http://www.polinares.eu/.
251. Da Pisa, R.. (around 1300) The Travels of Marco Polo. Reprinted by Penguin Book 1958, London, 550 pp.
252. Prior, T., Daly, J., Mason, L., Giurco, D. (2013) Resourcing the future: Using foresight in resource governance. Geoforum 44, 316-328.
253. Radetzki, M. (2008) A Handbook of Primary Commodities in the Global Economy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 244 pp.
254. Radetzki, M. (2012) The perseverance of the on-going metal and mineral boom. Mineral Economics 25, 2-3, 83-88.
255. Reardon, A.C. (2011) Discovering metals - a historical overview. Metallurgy for the non-metallurgist Second Edition, 73-84.
256. Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2008) Rare metals getting rarer. Nature Geoscience 1, 720-721.
257. oC. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 47, 941-946.
258. oC and 1- 3 kbar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 49, 2109-2115.
259. Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Walther, J.V., Arnorsson, S. (1984) Description and interpretation of the composition of fuid and alteration mineralogy in the Svartsengi geothermal system, Iceland. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 48, 1535-1553.
260. Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Sverdrup, H.U., Koca, D. (2011) Challenging the planetary boundaries I: Basic principles of an integrated model for phosphorous supply dynamics and global population size. Applied Geochemistry 26, 303-304.
261. Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Sverdrup, H.U., Koca, D. (2012) Assessing Long Term Sustainability of Global Supply of Natural Resources and Materials. In: Ghenai, C. (Ed.) Sustainable Development. Energy, Engineering and Technologies - Manufacturing and Environment 5, 83-116.
262. Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Costanza, R., Giovannini, E., Kubiszewski, I., Lovins, H., Mcglade, J., Pickitt, K.E., Roberts, D., De Vogli, R., Wilkinson R. (2014a) Beyond GDP. Exploring the hidden links between geology, economics and well-being. Geoscientist 24, 12-17.
263. Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Haider, J., Apetrei, C., Czunyi, S., Lovins, H., Pinter, L., Greenfield, O. (2014b) The SDGs and Framing a New Narrative: About the 2014 Balaton Group Meeting. www. balatongroup.org/blog.
264. Ramanaidou, E.R., Wells, M.A. (2014) Sedimentary Hosted Iron Ores. In: Holland, H.D., Turekian, K.K. (Eds.) Treatise on Geochemistry, 313-355.
265. Randers, J. (2012) 2052, a global forecast for the next 40 years. A report to the club of Rome. Chelsea Green Publishing, Vermont, 416 pp.
266. Rauch, J.N. (2009) Global mapping of Al, Cu, Fe, and Zn in-use stocks and in-ground resources. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, 1-6.
267. Rauch, J.N., Graedel T.E. (2007) Earth's anthrobiogeochemical copper cycle. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 21, 1-13.
268. Rauch, J.N., Pacyna, J.M. (2009) Earth's global Ag, Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn cycles. Global Biogeo-chemical Cycles 23, 1-16.
269. Raynaud, D., Barnola, J-M., Souchez, R., Lorrain, R., Petit, J.-R., Duval, P., Lipenkov, V.Y. (2005) Palaeoclimatology: The record for marine isotopic stage 11. Nature 436, 39-40.
270. Reck, B., Graedel, T.E. (2012) Challenges in Metal Recycling. Science 337, 690, 6095, 690-695.
271. Renfrew, C. (1989) Archaeology and language - The puzzle of Indo-European origins. Penguin Books, London, 368 pp.
272. Renfrew, C. (1994) Before Babel, Speculations on the origins of linguistic diversity. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 1, 3-23.
273. Reuter, M.A., Boin, U.M.J., Van Schaik, A., Verhoef, E., Heiskanen, K., Yang, Y., Georgalli, G. (2005) The Metrics of Material and Metal Ecology, Harmonizing the Resource, Technology and Environmental Cycles. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 720 pp.
274. Ridley, J. (2013) Ore Deposit Geology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 409 pp.
275. Robb, L. (2005) Introduction to Ore forming processes. Blackwell, Oxford, 386 pp.
276. Robb, L., Hayward, C. (2014) Geochemistry of placer gold - a case study of the Witwatersrand Deposits. Treatise in Geochemistry, 13, 433-461.
277. Robèrt, K.-H., Schmidt-Bleek, B., Aloisi De Larderel, J., Basile, G., Jansen, J.L., Kuehr, R., Price Thomas, P. , Suzuki, M., Hawken, P. , Wackernagel, M. (2002) Strategic sustainable development - selection, design and synergies of applied tools. Journal of Cleaner Production 10, 197-214.
278. Roberts, P.C. (2013) The failure of laissez faire capitalism. The economic dissolution of the west. Towards a new economics for a full world. Clarity Press Inc., Atlanta, 190pp.
279. Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, A., Chapin, III, F.S., Lambin, E., Lenton, T.M., Scheffer, M., Folke, C., Schellnhuber, H., Nykvist, B., De Wit, C.A., Hughes, T., Van Der Leeuw, S., Rodhe, H., Sörlin, S., Snyder, P.K., Costanza, R., Svedin, U., Falkenmark, M., Karlberg, M., Corell, R.W., Fabry, V.J., Hansen, J., Walker, B.H., Liverman, D., Richardson, K., Crutzen, C., Foley, J. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461, 472-475.
280. Rodale Institute (2012) The Farming Systems Trial. Celebrating 30 years. Rodale Institute, Pennsylvania, 13 pp.
281. Roper, L.D. (2009) World mineral reserves. http://www.roperld.com/science/minerals/Reserves.htm
282. Rose, A.W. (1976) The effect of cuprous chloride complexes in the origin of red-bed copper and related deposits. Economic Geology 71, 1036-1048.
283. Rosemarin, A., De Bruijne, G., Caldwell, I. (2009) Peak phosphorus: The next inconvenient truth. http://www.thebrokeronline.eu/en/Articles/Peak-phosphorus.
284. Ross, J.V., Bustin, R.M. (1990) The role of strain energy in creep graphitization of anthracite. Nature 343, 58-60.
285. Rostoker, W., Bronson, B. (1990) Pre-Industrial Iron: Its Technology and Ethnology. Archeomaterials Monograph 1.
286. Rostoker, W., Bronson, B., Dvorak, J. (1984) The Cast-Iron Bells of China, Technology and Culture. The Society for the History of Technology 25, 750-767.
287. Sachs, J. (2008) Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet. Penguin Press, London, 400 pp.
288. Schumacher, E.F. (1973) Small is Beautiful. Penguin Books, London, 288 pp.
289. De Schutter, O., Vanloqueren, G. (2011) The new green revolutions: How twenty-frst-century science can feed the world. Solutions 2, 4, 33-44. science (2004) Soil: The Last Frontier. Science Special Issue on Soil June 2004.
290. Sear, D. (1978) Greek coins and their values; Europe. Seaby Publishers, New York.
291. th Anniversary Volume, 251-298.
292. Senge, P. (1990) The ffth discipline. The art and practice of the learning organisation. Century Business, New York, 464 pp.
293. Senge, P.M., Smith, B., Schley, S., Laur, J., Kruschwitz, N. (2008) The Necessary Revolution: How Individuals and Organisations Are Working Together to Create a Sustainable World. Doubleday Currency, London, 460 pp.
294. oC. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 40, 1329-1341.
295. The Silver Institute (2003) International Association of silver miners, silver refners, silver fabricators and silver wholesalers. A comprehensive website with statistics on silver, literature references and market news. www.silverinstitute.org
296. Simonson, B.M. (2011) Iron ore deposits associated with Precambrian iron formations. Elements 7, 119-120.
297. Singer, D.A. (2011) A lognormal distribution of metal resources. Journal of China University of Geosciences 36, 2, 1-8.
298. Singer, D. (2013) The lognormal distribution of metal resources in mineral deposits. Ore Geology Reviews 55, 80-86.
299. Singer, D.A., Menzie, W.D. (2010) Quantitative Mineral Resource Assessments - An Integrated Approach. Oxford University Press, New York, 219 pp.
300. Shen, K. (1088) Dream pool essay. Mengxi Garden Estate, Zhenjiang, China.
301. Sherman, H.C. (1920) Phosphorus requirement of maintenance in Man. Journal of Biological Chemistry 41, 173-179.
302. Shorter, E. (1973) Female emancipation, birth-control and fertility in European history. American Historical Review 78, 605-640.
303. Smil, V. (2001) Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, and the Transformation of World Food Production. MIT Press, Cambridge, 360 pp.
304. Smirnov, V.S. (1992) Raw Materials of Russian Aluminium Industry - New Investment Projects. Paper presented at the international conference Russian Aluminium Industry -Strategy of Development and New Investment Projects, St. Petersburg, 15-18 September, 1992.
305. Smirnov, V.S. (1996) Alumina production in Russia, part 1, Historical background. JOM 48, 24-26.
306. Smirnov, V.S., Tikhonov, N.N. (1991) Main Trends of Alumina Industry Development in USSR. Paper presented at the international conference Scientifc and Technical Progress in Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, St. Petersburg, 17 September 1991.
307. Smith, A. (1776) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Reprint by the University Of Chicago Press, Chicago, 550 pp.
308. Sober, E. (2003) An Empirical Critique of Two Versions of the Doomsday Argument - Gott's Line and Leslie's Wedge. Synthese 135-133, 415-430.
309. Sowers, G.F. (2002) The Demise of the Doomsday Argument. Mind 111, 37-45.
310. Stanway, D. (2014) China steel output near peak, say executives, in bad news for miners. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/06/china-parliament-steel-idUSL3N0LT13W20140306.
311. Statista (2010) Global zinc reserves by country. http://www.statista.com/statistics/194101/global-zinc-reserves-by-country/.
312. o C and from 500 to 1800 bar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, 4559-4576.
313. Stefansson, A., Seward, T.M. (2003b) Experimental determination of the stability and stoichiometry of sulphide complexes of silver(I) in hydrothermal solutions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, 1395-1413.
314. o C and 500 bar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68, 4121-4143.
315. Sterman, J.D. (2000) Business Dynamics, System Thinking and Modelling for a Complex World. Irwin McGraw-Hill, New York, 768 pp.
316. Stockwell, L.E. (1999) World Mineral Statistics 1993-97: Production, Exports, Imports. British Geological Survey, Keyworth, 268 pp.
317. Strahan, D. (2007) The Last Oil Shock: A survival guide to the imminent extinction of petroleum man. John Murray Books, New York, 304 pp.
318. Strahan, D. (2008) Coal: Bleak outlook for the black stuff. New Scientist 2639, 38-41.
319. Sverdrup, H. (1990) The Kinetics of Chemical Weathering. Lund University Press, Lund, 245pp.
320. Sverdrup, H. (1999) Calculating language relationships and paths of dispersal in Eurasia during the last 100,000 years using the LANGUAGE model. In: Shevoroshkin, V., Sidwell, P. (Eds.) Historical linguistics and lexicostatistics. Association for the History of Language Monographs and Serials 3, 169-200.
321. Sverdrup, H. (2002) Exploring the properties of the Rätian language. In: Shevoroshkin, V., Sidwell, P. (Eds.) Languages and their speakers in ancient Eurasia: Studies in linguistics and culture. Association for the History of Language Monographs and Serials 4, 85-114.
322. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P. (1988a) Weathering of primary silicate minerals in the natural soil environment in relation to a chemical weathering model. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 38, 387-408.
323. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P. (1988b) Assessment of critical loads of acid deposition on forest soils, In: Nilsson, J. (Ed) Critical loads for sulphur and nitrogen. Miljörapport 1988, 15, 81-130.
324. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P. (1995a) Critical loads of acidity for Swedish forest ecosystems. Ecological Bulletins 44, 75-89.
325. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P. (1995b) Estimating feld weathering rates using laboratory kinetics. In: White, A.F, Brantley, S.L. (Eds.) Chemical weathering rates of silicate minerals. Reviews in Mineralogy 31, 485-541.
326. Sverdrup, H., Stjernquist, I. (2002) Developing principles and model for sustainable forestry in Sweden. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 480 pp.
327. Sverdrup, H., Svensson, M. (2002) Defning sustainability. In: Sverdrup, H., Stjernquist, I., (Eds.) Developing principles for sustainable forestry, Results from a research program in southern Sweden. Managing Forest Ecosystems 5, 21-32. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Amsterdam.
328. Sverdrup, H., Svensson, M. (2004) Defning the concept of sustainability, a matter of systems analysis. In: Olsson, M., Sjöstedt, G. (Eds.) Revealing complex structures - Challenges for Swedish systems analysis, 122-142. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Amsterdam.
329. Sverdrup, H., Guardans, R. (2008) A study of the ancient Iberian language. In: Shevoroshkin, V., Sverdrup, H. (Eds.) Bygone Languages Reconstructed-On Language Origins and their Relationships. Underskoven Forlag 2, 30-95.
330. Sverdrup, H., Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2011) Challenging the planetary boundaries II; Assessing the sustainable global population and phosphate supply, using a systems dynamics assessment model. Applied Geochemistry 26, 307-310.
331. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P. , Janicki, A., Morgan, R., Rabenhorst, M., Bowman, M. (1992) Mapping critical loads and steady state stream chemistry in the state of Maryland. Environmental Pollution 77, 195-203.
332. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P. , Britt, D. (1996) Assessing the potential for forest effects due to soil acidifcation in Maryland. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 87, 245-265.
333. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., Wickman, T. (1998) Estimating the weathering rate at Gårdsjön using different methods. In: Hultberg, H., Skeffngton, R. (Eds.) Experimental Reversal of Acid Rain Effects; The Gårdsjön Roof Project: John Wiley Science, Oxford, 488 pp.
334. Sverdrup, H., Stjernquist, I., Thelin, G., Holmqvist, J., Wallman, P. , Svensson, M. (2005) Application of Natural, Social, and Economical Sustainability Limitations to Forest Management, Based on Swedish Experiences. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 2 1 , 147-176 .
335. Sverdrup, H., Alveteg, M., Westling, O., Akselsson, C. (2006) Critical loads for acidity to ecosystems - How environmental limits came to set the policy. In: Haines-Young, R., Potschin, M., Chesire, D. (Eds.) Defning and Identifying Environmental Limits for Sustainable Development. A Scoping Study, 159-16 8.
336. Sverdrup, H., Belyazid, S., Kurz, D., Braun, S. (2008) A proposed method for estimating critical loads for nitrogen based on biodiversity using a fully integrated dynamic model, with testing in Switzerland and Sweden. In: Sverdrup, H. (Ed.) Towards critical loads for nitrogen based on biodiversity. Swiss Federal Offce of the Environment (FOEN), Bern, 3-37.
337. Sverdrup, H., Koca, D., Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2013a) Peak metals, minerals, energy, wealth, food and population; urgent policy considerations for a sustainable society. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering B 1, 189-222.
338. Sverdrup, H., Koca, D., Granath C. (2013b) Modeling the gold market, explaining the past and assessing the physical and economical sustainability of future scenarios. In: Schwanninger, M., Husemann, E., Lane, D. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 30th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, 5, 4002-4023.
339. Sverdrup, H., Koca, D., Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2013c) The World 5 model; Peak metals, minerals, energy, wealth, food and population; urgent policy considerations for a sustainable society. In: Schwan-ninger, M., Husemann, E., Lane, D. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 30th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, 5, 3975-4001.
340. Sverdrup, H., Koca, D., Ragnarsdottir, K.V. (2014a) Investigating the sustainability of the global silver supply, reserves, stocks in society and market price using different approaches. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 83, 121-140.
341. Sverdrup, H., Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Koca, D. (2014b) On modelling the global copper mining rates, market supply, copper price and the end of copper reserves. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 87, 158-174.
342. Sverjensky, D.A., Lee, N. (2010) The great oxidation event and mineral diversifcation. Elements 6, 31-36.
343. Sweeney, M.A., Binda, P.L. (1989) The role of diagenesis in the formation of the Konkola Cu-Co orebody of the Zambian Copperbelt. In: Boyle, R.W., Brown, A.C., Jefferson, C.W., Jowett, E.C., Kirkham, R .V. (Eds.) Sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits. Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 36, 499-518.
344. Tainter, J.A. (1988) The Collapse of Complex Societies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 177 pp.
345. Tainter, J.A. (1995) Sustainability of complex societies. Futures 27, 397-407.
346. Tainter, J.A. (1996) Complexity, problem solving and sustainable societies. In: Getting down to Earth: Practical Applications of Ecological Economics. Island Press, Washington DC, 494 pp.
347. Taylor, K.G., Konhauser, K.O. (2011) Iron in Earth surface systems: A major player in chemical and biological processes. Elements 7, 83-88.
348. Tilly, C. (2003) Trust and Rule. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 280 pp.
349. Tilly, C. (2007) Democracy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 320 pp.
350. Tilton, J.E., Lagos, G. (2007) Assessing the long-run availability of copper. Resources Policy 32, 19-23.
351. Tosdal, R.M., Butt, C.R.M., Fischer-Bühner, J. (2009) From source to sinks in auriferous magmatic-hydrothermal porphyri and epithermal deposits. Elements 5, 289-295.
352. Trendall, A.F., Blockley, J.G. (1970) The iron formations of the Precambrian hemersley Group Western Australia, with special reference to the associated crocidolite. Geological Survey of Western Australia Bulletin 119, 366 pp.
353. Turner, G.M. (2008) A comparison of the limits to growth with thirty years of reality. Socio-economics and the environment in discussion. CSIRO Working papers, 2008-2009.
354. Turner, G. (2012) On the Cusp of Global Collapse? Updated comparison of the limits to growth with historical data. GAIA Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 21, 2, 116-124.
355. Turner, G. (2014) Is global collapse imminent? An updated comparison of the Limits to Growth with historical data. MSSI Research paper 4, 21 pp.
356. Turner, T. (1900) The Metallurgy of Iron. Second Edition, Charles Griffn & Company, London, 403 pp.
357. United Nations (1987) (The Brundtland Commission) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 - Development and International Co-operation: Environment.
358. United Nations (2003) World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. United Nations publication, Sales No. E.03.XIII.6, I, 36 pp.
359. United Nations (2014) United Nations Open Working Group for Sustainable Development Goals. United Nations Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform.
360. UNEP (2011a) The UNEP yearbook 2011. UNEP division of early warning and assessment, Nairobi, Kenya, 92 pp.
361. UNEP (2011b) Recycling Rates of Metals - A Status Report. In: Graedel, T.E., Allwood, J., Birat, J.-P., Reck, B.K., Sibley, S.F., Sonnemann, G., Buchert, M., Hagelüken, C.A (Eds.) Report of the Working Group on the Global Metal Flows to the International Resource Panel. 48 pp.
362. UNEP-IRP (2013) The International Resource Panel. In: Reuter, M., Hudson, C., Schalk, A., Heiskanen, K., Meskers, C., Hagelüken, C. (Eds.) UNEP Metal recycling; Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure. 317 pp.
363. USGS (2005) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/ minerals/pubs/commodity/.
364. USGS (2007) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/.
365. USGS (2008) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/ minerals/pubs/commodity/.
366. USGS (2011) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/.
367. USGS (2012) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/ minerals/pubs/commodity/.
368. USGS (2013) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/ minerals/pubs/commodity/.
369. USGS (2014) Commodity Statistics for a Number of Metals. United States Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/ minerals/pubs/commodity/.
370. Valsami-Jones, E., Ragnarsdottir, K.V., Putnis, A., Bosbach, D., Kemp, A.J., Cressey, G. (1998) The dissolution of apatite in the presence of metal cations in acidic solutions. Chemical Geology 151, 215-234.
371. Vargas, M., Kashefi, K., Blunt-Harris, E.I., Lovley, D.R. (1998) Microbial evidence for Fe(III) reduction on early Earth. Nature 395, 65-67.
372. Vogt, W. (1948) Road to survival. William Sloane Associates Inc, New York, 335 pp.
373. De Vries, B.J.M. (2013) Sustainability Science. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 550 pp.
374. De Vries, W., Kros, H., Reinds, G.J., Wamelink, W., Van Dobben, H., Bobbink, R., Smart, S., Evans, C., Schlutow, A., Kraft, P. , Belyazid, S., Sverdrup, H., Van Hinsberg, A., Posch, M., Hettelingh J-P. (2006) Developments in modelling critical nitrogen loads for terrestrial ecosystems in Europe. Developments in Deriving Critical Limits and Modeling Critical Loads of Nitrogen for Terrestrial Ecosystems in Europe. Alterra, Wageningen, 230 pp.
375. Vronsky, I.M. (1997) The story of gold. Gold Eagle Website. http://www.gold-eagle.com/article/ history-gold
376. Wackernagel, M., Rees, W. (1996) Our Ecological Footprint. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, BC, 176 pp.
377. Walshe, J.L., Cleverley, J.S. (2009) Gold deposits: Where, when and why. Elements 5, 289-295.
378. Walther, J.V. (2013) Earth's Natural Resources. Jones & Bartlett Learning, Burlington, 434 pp.
379. Wang, T., Müller, D.B., Graedel, T.E. (2007) Forging the Anthropogenic Iron Cycle. Environmental Science & Technology 41, 5120-5129.
380. Wang, X., Schröder, H.C., Wiens, M., Schlossmacher, U., Müller, W.E.G. (2009) Manganese/poly-metallic nodules: micro-structural characterization of exolithobiontic- and endolithiobiontic microbial bioflms by scanni electron microscopy. Micron 40, 350-358.
381. Warfvinge, P., Sverdrup, H., Ågren, G., Rosen, K. (1992) Effekter av luftföroreningar på framtida skog-stillväxt. In: Svensson, L. (Ed.) Skogspolitiken inför 2000-talet-1990 års skogspolitiska kommitte. Statens Offentliga Utredningar, SOU, 76, 377-412.
382. Wellmer, F.-W. (2008) Reserves and resources of the geosphere, terms so often misunderstood. Is the life index of reserves of natural resources a guide to the future? Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 159/4, 575-590.
383. Wilkinson, B.H. (2005) Humans as geologic agents: A deep-time perspective. Geology 33, 161-164.
384. Wilkinson, R., Pickett, K. (2011) The Spirit Level: Why Greater Equality Makes Societies Stronger. Bloomsbury Press, London.
385. Williams-Jones, A., Heinrich, C.A. (2005) Vapour transport of metals and the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits. Economic Geology 100, 1287-1312.
386. Williams-Jones A., Bowell, R.J., Migdisov, A.A. (2009) Gold in solution. Elements 5, 281-287.
387. Williams-Jones, A.E., Migdisov, A.A., Samson, I.M. (2012) Hydrothermal mobilization of the rare earth elements - at tale of "ceria" and "yttria." Elements 8, 355-360.
388. White, W.E. (2013) Geochemistry. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, 668 pp.
389. World Gold Council (2013) Gold Demand Trends, First Quarter 2013. Based on statistics collected by Thompson Reuters GFMS. World Gold Council, London, United Kingdom.
390. World Steel Association (2000) Steel statistical yearbook 1999. International Iron and Steel Institute, Brussels, 248pp.
391. World Steel Association (2012) The white book of steel. World Steel Association, Brussels, 49 pp.
392. World Steel Association (2013a) World steel in fgures 2013. World Steel Association, Brussels, 17 pp.
393. World Steel Association (2013b) Economic Sustainability, Policy and Indicators Association 2013. World Steel Association, Brussels, 12 pp.
394. World Steel Association (2014a) Crude steel production 1980-2012. World Steel Association, Brussels.
395. World Steel Association (2014b) Blast furnace iron production 1980-2012. World Steel Association, Brussels.
396. World Steel Association (2014c) Direct reduced iron production 1980-2012. World Steel Association, Brussels.
397. World Steel Association (2014d) A handbook of world steel statistics. World Steel Association, Brussels, 69 pp.
398. WüBbeke, J., Heroth, T. (2014) Challenges and political solutions for steel recycling in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 8 7, 1-7.
399. Yongding, Y. (2012) LBMA Gold Conference talk, Hong Kong 2012. Institute of World Economics and Politics, former member of the Monetary Policy Committee of the PBOC, China.
400. WWF (2014) Living Planet Report 2014. Species and Spaces, People and Places. WWF, Gland, Switzerland.
401. Zhang, D.D., Zhang, J., Lee, H.F., He, Y. (2007) Climate change and war frequency in Eastern China over the last millennium. Human Ecology 35, 403-414.
402. Zittel, W., Schindler, J. (2007) Coal: Resources and future production. A background paper produced by the Energy Watch Group. Ludwig Bolkow Foundation, Ottobrunn, 47 pp.
403. Zolotov, M.Y., Shock, E.L. (2000) A thermodynamic assessment of the potential synthesis of condensed hydrocarbons during cooling and dilution of volcanic gases. Journal of Geophysical Research 105(b), 539-559.
404. o C and pressures of 1 and 500 bars. In: Kjarka, Y.K., Chudaev, O.V. (Eds.) Water-Rock Interaction-8. Balkema Press, 113-115.