The snowball Earth hypothesis: Testing the limits of global change

Terra Nova

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 129-155

  Hoffman, Paul F ^a   Schrag, Daniel P ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARLY EARTH; GLACIATION; GLOBAL CHANGE; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEOMAGNETISM; PROTEROZOIC;

EID: 0036288251     PISSN: 09544879     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3121.2002.00408.x     Document Type: Article

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83. Gas escape structures in Precambrian peritidal carbonate rocks
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107. GCM simulations of snowball Earth conditions during the late Proterozoic
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109. Carbon isotopes and the rise of atmospheric oxygen
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113. Isotopes, ice ages, and terminal Proterozoic earth history
114. A review of the origin and setting of tepees and their associated fabrics
115. 13C excursions, and carbonate precipitation
116. Carbon isotopic composition of Neoproterozoic glacial carbonates as a test of paleoceanographic models for snowball Earth phenomena
117. Are Proterozoic cap carbonates and isotopic excursions a record of gas hydrate destabilization following Earth's coldest intervals
118. Two or four Neoproterozoic glaciations?
119. Shallow bias of paleomagnetic inclinations in the Paleozoic and Precambrian
120. Late Proterozoic low-latitude global glaciation: The snowball earth
121. Paleoproterozoic snowball Earth: Extreme climatic and geochemical global change and its biological consequences
122. Sedimentology and geochemistry of the glaciogenic late Proterozoic Rapitan iron-formation in Canada
123. Proterozoic and Early Cambrian protists: Evidence for accelerating evolutionary tempo
124. Learning to tell Neoproterozoic time
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130. 2 in the world oceans
131. Interpreting carbon-isotopic excursions: Strangelove oceans
132. Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: Carbonates and organic matter
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134. Mechanics of thermal contraction cracks and ice-wedge polygons in permafrost
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136. Open windows to the polar oceans
137. Glacigenic sediments of the late Proterozoic Elatina Formation and equivalents, Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia
138. Weather and climate on Mars
139. New palaeomagnetic results from the 'cap dolomite' of the Neoproterozoic Walsh tillite, northwestern Australia
140. Terminal Proterozoic reorganization of biogeochemical cycles
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149. The Elatina glaciation
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151. Palaeomagnetic results and late Precambrian glaciations
152. Thickness of tropical ice and photosynthesis on a snowball Earth
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157. Tectonosedimentary subdivisions in the Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian cover of the Taoadeni Basin (Algeria-Mauritania-Mali)
158. Direct evidence of late Archean to early Proterozoic anoxic atmosphere from a product of 2.5 Ga old weathering
159. A newly discovered cap carbonate above Varanger-age glacial deposits in Newfoundland
160. New Ediacaran fossils from the Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
161. Ediacaran fossils from the Sekwi Brook area Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
162. Neoproterozoic of the Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
163. On the long term evolution of the spin of the Earth
164. Energy balance climate models
165. The effect of large fluctuations in obliquity on climates of the late Proterozoic
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169. 4 in the atmosphere of early Earth
170. Late Precambrian glaciated pavements in the Kimberley region, Western Australia
171. Late Proterozoic aragonitic cement crusts, Bambui Group, Minas Gerais, Brazil
172. Fossils, molecular clocks and the Cambrian explosion
173. Late Proterozoic (Adelaidean) tillites of the Kimberley-Victoria River region. Western Australia and Northern Territory
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179. 13C excursions, two rifts: The Neoproterozoic Kingston Peak Formation. Death Valley, California
180. The neoproterozoic Dalradian supergroup of Scotland: An alternative hypothesis
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182. Skuringsmærker og morængrus eftervist i Finnmarken fra en periode meget ældre end 'istiden'
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184. Late precambrian dolomites, vendian glaciation, and synchroneity of Vendian glaciations
185. The Cambrian explosion: Animals or fossils?
186. Loophole for snowball Earth
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188. A global carbon isotope excursion (SPICE) during the late Cambrian: Relation to trilobite extinctions, organic-matter burial and sea level
189. A composite reference section for terminal Proterozoic strata of southern Namibia
190. Late Precambrian mixtites: Glacial and/or non-glacial?
191. Tilloids in the West Congo geosyncline
192. The Neoproterozoic climatic paradox: Equatorial paleolatitude for Marinoan glaciation near sea level in South Australia
193. Paleomagnetism of the Paleoproterozoic hematitic breccia and paleosol at Ville-Marie, Québec: Further evidence for the low paleolatitude of Huronian glaciation
194. Low palaeolatitude of late Proterozoic glaciation: Early timing of remanence in haematite of the Elatina Formation, South Australia
195. Collapse of the late Proterozoic ecosystem
196. On the initiation of a snowball Earth
197. Life, geology and snowball Earth
198. Vendobionta and Psammocorallia: Lost constructions of Precambrian evolution
199. A global climatic model based on the energy balance of the Earth-atmosphere system
200. Ice-ring origin of the Earth's atmosphere and hydrosphere and Late Proterozoic-Cambrian phosphogenesis
201. Stratified oceans and oxygenation of the late Precambrian environment: A post glacial geochemical record from the Neoproterozoic of W. Mongolia
202. Paleomagnetic polarity reversals in Marinoan (ca. 600 Ma) glacial deposits of Australia: Implications for the duration of low-latitude glaciations in Neoproterozoic time
203. Late Pre-Cambrian glaciation in Scotland
204. The late Precambrian/lower Cambrian Bonahaven Dolomite of Islay and its stromatolites
205. Early Cambrian (?) jellyfishes from the Flinders Ranges, South Australia
206. The Adelaide geosyncline: A century of controversy
207. Principles of molecular and isotopic biogeochemistry
208. Rapid calcite and aragonite precipitation in late Archean carbonates and Neoproterozoic cap carbonates
209. Were kinetics of Archean calcium carbonate precipitation related to oxygen concentration?
210. Soft-sediment paleomagnetic fold tests of late Precambrian glaciogenic sediments
211. Antarctic sea ice - A habitat for extremophiles
212. Age of the Squantum 'tillite', Boston basin, Masschusetts: U-Pb zircon constraints on terminal Neoproterozoic glaciation
213. Continental break-up and collision in the Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic - A tale of Baltica and Laurentia
214. Geological evolution of the Neoproterozoic Corumbá graben system (Brazil): Depositional context of the stratified Fe and Mn ores of the Jacadigo Group
215. The Kalahari manganese field: An enigmatic association of iron and manganese
216. Iron and manganese deposits of the Urucum district, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
217. Benthic phosphorus regeneration, net primary production, and ocean anoxia: A model of the coupled marine biogeochemical cycles of carbon and phosphorus
218. An overview of the fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy and key definitions
219. 18O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater
220. Geochemistry of precambrian carbonates. IV. Early paleoproterozoic (2.25 ± 0.25 Ga) seawater
221. Radiations and extinctions of plankton in the late Proterozoic and early Cambrian
222. Biodiversity, speciation, and extinction trends of Proterozoic and Cambrian phytoplankton
223. Life on snowball Earth
224. Depositional sequence analysis applied to Late Proterozoic Wilpena Group, Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia
225. Strange weather on snowball Earth
226. Iron and sulfur in the pre-biologic ocean
227. A negative feedback mechanism for the long-term stabilization of Earth's surface temperature
228. Strange weather on snowball Earth
229. The association of sulphate evaporites, stromatolitic carbonates and glacial sediments: Examples from the Proterozoic of Australia and the Cainozoic of Antarctica
230. Dating the 840-544 Ma Neoproterozoic interval by isotopes of strontium, carbon, and sulfur in seawater, and some interpretive models
231. Sinian tillites of China
232. Snowball Earth: Ice thickness on the tropical ocean
233. The effects of changing the solar constant on the climate of a general circulation model
234. Late Precambrian glacial climate and the Earth's obliquity
235. Sedimentology, stable-isotope geochemistry and palaeoenvironment of dolostones capping late Precambrian glacial sequences in Australia
236. History of the Earth's obliquity
237. Soft-sediment deformation structures from the Marinoan glacial succession, Adelaide foldbelt: Implications for the paleolatitude of late Neoproterozoic glaciation
238. Late Neoproterozoic periglacial aeolian sand sheet, Stuart Shelf, South Australia
239. Geological constraints on the Precambrian history of the Earth's rotation and the Moon's orbit
240. Low-latitude glaciation and rapid changes in the Earth's obliquity explained by obliquity-oblateness feedback
241. Paleomagnetism of the Proterozoic Gowganda and Lorrain formations, Ontario: Low paleolatitude for Huronian glaciation
242. Proterozoic equatorial glaciation: Has 'snowball Earth' a snowball's chance?
243. Periglacial structures and paleoclimatic significance of a late Precambrian block field in the Cattle Grid copper mine, Mount Gunson, South Australia
244. 2 with global surface temperature and its latitudinal contrast
245. Algal and cryptalgal structures and platform environments of the late pre-Phanerozoic Noonday Dolomite, eastern California
246. Neoproterozoic diamictites and stable carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of the Quruqtagh series, NW China
247. The late Proterozoic Rapitan glaciation in the northern Cordillera
248. Iron-formation in the late Proterozoic Rapitan Group, Yukon and Northwest Territories
249. Tillites and aluminous quartzites as possible time markers for middle Precambrian (Aphebian) rocks of North America
250. Iron-formation and glaciogenic rocks of the Rapitan Group. Northwest Territories, Canada
251. Proterozoic plate tectonics, glaciation and iron-formations
252. Are Neoproterozoic glacial deposits preserved on the margins of Laurentia related to the fragmentation of two supercontinents?
253. Late Proterozoic (Sturtian) succession of the North Flinders basin, South Australia: And example of temperate glaciation in an active rift setting
254. Permineralized fossils from the terminal Proterozoic Doushantuo Formation, South China
255. Could the late Permian deep ocean have been anoxic?