The role of microRNAs in coronary artery disease: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and treatment

Atherosclerosis

Volumn 241, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 624-633

  Economou, Evangelos K ^a   Oikonomou, Evangelos ^a   Siasos, Gerasimos ^a   Papageorgiou, Nikolaos ^a   Tsalamandris, Sotiris ^a   Mourouzis, Konsantinos ^a   Papaioanou, Spyridon ^a   Tousoulis, Dimitris ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Greece)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Coronary artery disease; MicroRNAs; Myocardial infarction

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MICRORNA; MICRORNA 1; MICRORNA 133; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ANGIOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CELL COMMUNICATION; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DISEASE COURSE; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; ENDOTHELIUM LESION; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HUMAN; MONOCYTE; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION; TISSUE REGENERATION; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS; VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE; ANIMAL; CELL MOTION; CHEMISTRY; CYTOLOGY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MOUSE; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); PATHOLOGY; REPERFUSION INJURY; STEM CELL; THROMBOCYTE; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BIOMARKERS; BLOOD PLATELETS; CELL MOVEMENT; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DISEASE PROGRESSION; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; LIPOPROTEINS, HDL; LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; MICE; MICRORNAS; MONOCYTES; MUSCLE, SMOOTH, VASCULAR; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; REPERFUSION INJURY; STEM CELLS;

EID: 84934901810     PISSN: 00219150     EISSN: 18791484     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.037     Document Type: Review

References (135)

1. Thygesen K., Alpert J.S., Jaffe A.S., et al. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. 2012, 33:2551-2567.
2. Perk J., De Backer G., Gohlke H., et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur. Heart J. 2012, 33:1635-1701.
3. Turchinovich A., Samatov T.R., Tonevitsky A.G., Burwinkel B. Circulating miRNAs: cell-cell communication function?. Front. Genet. 2013, 4:119.
4. Turchinovich A., Weiz L., Langheinz A., Burwinkel B. Characterization of extracellular circulating microRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011, 39:7223-7233.
5. Xu J., Zhao J., Evan G., Xiao C., Cheng Y., Xiao J. Circulating microRNAs: novel biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases. J.Mol. Med. (Berl) 2012, 90:865-875.
6. Chen K., Rajewsky N. The evolution of gene regulation by transcription factors and microRNAs. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2007, 8:93-103.
7. Ambros V. The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature 2004, 431:350-355.
8. Lee Y., Kim M., Han J., et al. MicroRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Embo J. 2004, 23:4051-4060.
9. Borchert G.M., Lanier W., Davidson B.L. RNA polymerase III transcribes human microRNAs. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 2006, 13:1097-1101.
10. Krol J., Loedige I., Filipowicz W. The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2010, 11:597-610.
11. Landthaler M., Yalcin A., Tuschl T. The human DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 and its D. melanogaster homolog are required for miRNA biogenesis. Curr. Biol. 2004, 14:2162-2167.
12. Yi R., Qin Y., Macara I.G., Cullen B.R. Exportin-5 mediates the nuclear export of pre-microRNAs and short hairpin RNAs. Genes. Dev. 2003, 17:3011-3016.
13. Okamura K., Ishizuka A., Siomi H., Siomi M.C. Distinct roles for Argonaute proteins in small RNA-directed RNA cleavage pathways. Genes. Dev. 2004, 18:1655-1666.
14. Papageorgiou N., Tousoulis D., Charakida M., et al. Prognostic role of miRNAs in coronary artery disease. Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 2013, 13:1540-1547.
15. Urbich C., Kuehbacher A., Dimmeler S. Role of microRNAs in vascular diseases, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Cardiovasc. Res. 2008, 79:581-588.
16. Zernecke A., Bidzhekov K., Noels H., et al. Delivery of microRNA-126 by apoptotic bodies induces CXCL12-dependent vascular protection. Sci. Signal 2009, 2:ra81.
17. Kuhnert F., Mancuso M.R., Hampton J., et al. Attribution of vascular phenotypes of the murine Egfl7 locus to the microRNA miR-126. Development 2008, 135:3989-3993.
18. Harris T.A., Yamakuchi M., Ferlito M., Mendell J.T., Lowenstein C.J. MicroRNA-126 regulates endothelial expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 2008, 105:1516-1521.
19. Torella D., Iaconetti C., Catalucci D., et al. MicroRNA-133 controls vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch invitro and vascular remodeling invivo. Circ. Res. 2011, 109:880-893.
20. Zhou J., Wang K.C., Wu W., et al. MicroRNA-21 targets peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-alpha in an autoregulatory loop to modulate flow-induced endothelial inflammation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 2011, 108:10355-10360.
21. Weber M., Baker M.B., Moore J.P., Searles C.D. MiR-21 is induced in endothelial cells by shear stress and modulates apoptosis and eNOS activity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2010, 393:643-648.
22. Fleissner F., Jazbutyte V., Fiedler J., et al. Short communication: asymmetric dimethylarginine impairs angiogenic progenitor cell function in patients with coronary artery disease through a microRNA-21-dependent mechanism. Circ. Res. 2010, 107:138-143.
23. Boon R.A., Hergenreider E., Dimmeler S. Atheroprotective mechanisms of shear stress-regulated microRNAs. Thromb. Haemost. 2012, 108:616-620.
24. Wu W., Xiao H., Laguna-Fernandez A., et al. Flow-dependent regulation of Kruppel-like factor 2 is mediated by MicroRNA-92a. Circulation 2011, 124:633-641.
25. Fang Y., Davies P.F. Site-specific microRNA-92a regulation of Kruppel-like factors 4 and 2 in atherosusceptible endothelium. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2012, 32:979-987.
26. Loyer X., Potteaux S., Vion A.C., et al. Inhibition of microRNA-92a prevents endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in mice. Circ. Res. 2014, 114:434-443.
27. Wang H., Lu H.M., Yang W.H., et al. The influence of statin therapy on circulating microRNA-92a expression in patients with coronary heart disease. Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2012, 24:215-218.
28. Liu X., Cheng Y., Yang J., Xu L., Zhang C. Cell-specific effects of miR-221/222 in vessels: molecular mechanism and therapeutic application. J.Mol. Cell Cardiol. 2012, 52:245-255.
29. Zhu N., Zhang D., Chen S., et al. Endothelial enriched microRNAs regulate angiotensin II-induced endothelial inflammation and migration. Atherosclerosis 2011, 215:286-293.
30. Nazari-Jahantigh M., Wei Y., Noels H., et al. MicroRNA-155 promotes atherosclerosis by repressing Bcl6 in macrophages. J.Clin. Invest. 2012, 122:4190-4202.
31. Wei Y., Zhu M., Corbalan-Campos J., Heyll K., Weber C., Schober A. Regulation of Csf1r and Bcl6 in macrophages mediates the stage-specific effects of microRNA-155 on atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2015, 35:796-803.
32. Androulidaki A., Iliopoulos D., Arranz A., et al. The kinase Akt1 controls macrophage response to lipopolysaccharide by regulating microRNAs. Immunity 2009, 31:220-231.
33. Wei Y., Nazari-Jahantigh M., Chan L., et al. The microRNA-342-5p fosters inflammatory macrophage activation through an Akt1- and microRNA-155-dependent pathway during atherosclerosis. Circulation 2013, 127:1609-1619.
34. Du F., Yu F., Wang Y., et al. MicroRNA-155 deficiency results in decreased macrophage inflammation and attenuated atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2014, 34:759-767.
35. Thulin P., Wei T., Werngren O., et al. MicroRNA-9 regulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta in human monocytes during the inflammatory response. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2013, 31:1003-1010.
36. Tian G.P., Chen W.J., He P.P., et al. MicroRNA-467b targets LPL gene in RAW 264.7 macrophages and attenuates lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Biochimie 2012, 94:2749-2755.
37. Chen T., Huang Z., Wang L., et al. MicroRNA-125a-5p partly regulates the inflammatory response, lipid uptake, and ORP9 expression in oxLDL-stimulated monocyte/macrophages. Cardiovasc. Res. 2009, 83:131-139.
38. Chang J., Nicolas E., Marks D., et al. miR-122, a mammalian liver-specific microRNA, is processed from hcr mRNA and may downregulate the high affinity cationic amino acid transporter CAT-1. RNA Biol. 2004, 1:106-113.
39. Esau C., Davis S., Murray S.F., et al. miR-122 regulation of lipid metabolism revealed by invivo antisense targeting. Cell Metab. 2006, 3:87-98.
40. Elmen J., Lindow M., Schutz S., et al. LNA-mediated microRNA silencing in non-human primates. Nature 2008, 452:896-899.
41. Soh J., Iqbal J., Queiroz J., Fernandez-Hernando C., Hussain M.M. MicroRNA-30c reduces hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in mice by decreasing lipid synthesis and lipoprotein secretion. Nat. Med. 2013, 19:892-900.
42. Yang K., He Y.S., Wang X.Q., et al. MiR-146a inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced lipid accumulation and inflammatory response via targeting toll-like receptor 4. FEBS Lett. 2011, 585:854-860.
43. Vickers K.C., Palmisano B.T., Shoucri B.M., Shamburek R.D., Remaley A.T. MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins. Nat. Cell. Biol. 2011, 13:423-433.
44. Rottiers V., Najafi-Shoushtari S.H., Kristo F., et al. MicroRNAs in metabolism and metabolic diseases. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 2011, 76:225-233.
45. Cho Y., Baldan A. Quest for new biomarkers in atherosclerosis. Mo. Med. 2013, 110:325-330.
46. Sene A., Khan A.A., Cox D., et al. Impaired cholesterol efflux in senescent macrophages promotes age-related macular degeneration. Cell Metab. 2013, 17:549-561.
47. Rayner K.J., Esau C.C., Hussain F.N., et al. Inhibition of miR-33a/b in non-human primates raises plasma HDL and lowers VLDL triglycerides. Nature 2011, 478:404-407.
48. Willeit P., Zampetaki A., Dudek K., et al. Circulating microRNAs as novel biomarkers for platelet activation. Circ. Res. 2013, 112:595-600.
49. Stakos D.A., Gatsiou A., Stamatelopoulos K., Tselepis A.D., Stellos K. Platelet microRNAs: from platelet biology to possible disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Platelets 2013, 24:579-589.
50. Dangelmaier C., Jin J., Smith J.B., Kunapuli S.P. Potentiation of thromboxane A2-induced platelet secretion by Gi signaling through the phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway. Thromb. Haemost. 2001, 85:341-348.
51. Cordes K.R., Sheehy N.T., White M.P., et al. miR-145 and miR-143 regulate smooth muscle cell fate and plasticity. Nature 2009, 460:705-710.
52. Wei Y., Nazari-Jahantigh M., Neth P., Weber C Schober A. MicroRNA-126, -145, and -155: a therapeutic triad in atherosclerosis?. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2013, 33:449-454.
53. Wei Y., Schober A., Weber C. Pathogenic arterial remodeling: the good and bad of microRNAs. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2013, 304:H1050-H1059.
54. Rader D.J., Parmacek M.S. Secreted miRNAs suppress atherogenesis. Nat. Cell. Biol. 2012, 14:233-235.
55. Lovren F., Pan Y., Quan A., et al. MicroRNA-145 targeted therapy reduces atherosclerosis. Circulation 2012, 126:S81-S90.
56. O'Sullivan J.F., Martin K., Caplice N.M. Microribonucleic acids for prevention of plaque rupture and in-stent restenosis: "a finger in the dam". J.Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2011, 57:383-389.
57. Leung A., Trac C., Jin W., et al. Novel long noncoding RNAs are regulated by angiotensin II in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ. Res. 2013, 113:266-278.
58. Tsai P.C., Liao Y.C., Wang Y.S., Lin H.F., Lin R.T., Juo S.H. Serum microRNA-21 and microRNA-221 as potential biomarkers for cerebrovascular disease. J.Vasc. Res. 2013, 50:346-354.
59. Haver V.G., Slart R.H., Zeebregts C.J., Peppelenbosch M.P., Tio R.A. Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques: microRNAs conducting the orchestra?. Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 2010, 20:65-71.
60. Bonauer A., Carmona G., Iwasaki M., et al. MicroRNA-92a controls angiogenesis and functional recovery of ischemic tissues in mice. Science 2009, 324:1710-1713.
61. Wang S., Olson E.N. AngiomiRs-key regulators of angiogenesis. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 2009, 19:205-211.
62. Fasanaro P., Greco S., Lorenzi M., et al. An integrated approach for experimental target identification of hypoxia-induced miR-210. J.Biol. Chem. 2009, 284:35134-35143.
63. Fichtlscherer S., De Rosa S., Fox H., et al. Circulating microRNAs in patients with coronary artery disease. Circ. Res. 2010, 107:677-684.
64. Weber M., Baker M.B., Patel R.S., Quyyumi A.A., Bao G., Searles C.D. MicroRNA expression profile in CAD patients and the impact of ACEI/ARB. Cardiol. Res. Pract. 2011, 2011:532915.
65. Zhang Y.H., Xia L.H., Jin J.M., Zong M., Chen M., Zhang B. Expression level of miR-155 in peripheral blood. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 2015, 8:214-219.
66. Zhu G.F., Yang L.X., Guo R.W., et al. microRNA-155 is inversely associated with severity of coronary stenotic lesions calculated by the Gensini score. Coron. Artery Dis. 2014, 25:304-310.
67. D'Alessandra Y., Carena M.C., Spazzafumo L., et al. Diagnostic potential of plasmatic MicroRNA signatures in stable and unstable angina. PLoS One 2013, 8:e80345.
68. Hoekstra M., van der Lans C.A., Halvorsen B., et al. The peripheral blood mononuclear cell microRNA signature of coronary artery disease. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2010, 394:792-797.
69. Hulsmans M., Sinnaeve P., Van der Schueren B., Mathieu C., Janssens S., Holvoet P. Decreased miR-181a expression in monocytes of obese patients is associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease. J.Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012, 97:E1213-E1218.
70. Aad G., Abbott B., Abdallah J., et al. Observation of a centrality-dependent dijet asymmetry in lead-lead collisions at sqrt[S(NN)]=2.76TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 105:252303.
71. Li T., Cao H., Zhuang J., et al. Identification of miR-130a, miR-27b and miR-210 as serum biomarkers for atherosclerosis obliterans. Clin. Chim. Acta 2011, 412:66-70.
72. Li C., Fang Z., Jiang T., et al. Serum microRNAs profile from genome-wide serves as a fingerprint for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. BMC Med. Genomics 2013, 6:16.
73. Minami Y., Satoh M., Maesawa C., et al. Effect of atorvastatin on microRNA 221/222 expression in endothelial progenitor cells obtained from patients with coronary artery disease. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2009, 39:359-367.
74. Sondermeijer B.M., Bakker A., Halliani A., et al. Platelets in patients with premature coronary artery disease exhibit upregulation of miRNA340* and miRNA624*. PLoS One 2011, 6:e25946.
75. Ren J., Zhang J., Xu N., et al. Signature of circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers in vulnerable coronary artery disease. PLoS One 2013, 8:e80738.
76. van Rooij E., Quiat D., Johnson B.A., et al. Afamily of microRNAs encoded by myosin genes governs myosin expression and muscle performance. Dev. Cell 2009, 17:662-673.
77. Ji X., Takahashi R., Hiura Y., Hirokawa G., Fukushima Y., Iwai N. Plasma miR-208 as a biomarker of myocardial injury. Clin. Chem. 2009, 55:1944-1949.
78. D'Alessandra Y., Devanna P., Limana F., et al. Circulating microRNAs are new and sensitive biomarkers of myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. 2010, 31:2765-2773.
79. Adachi T., Nakanishi M., Otsuka Y., et al. Plasma microRNA 499 as a biomarker of acute myocardial infarction. Clin. Chem. 2010, 56:1183-1185.
80. Zile M.R., Mehurg S.M., Arroyo J.E., Stroud R.E., DeSantis S.M., Spinale F.G. Relationship between the temporal profile of plasma microRNA and left ventricular remodeling in patients after myocardial infarction. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 2011, 4:614-619.
81. Wang G.K., Zhu J.Q., Zhang J.T., et al. Circulating microRNA: a novel potential biomarker for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in humans. Eur. Heart J. 2010, 31:659-666.
82. Corsten M.F., Dennert R., Jochems S., et al. Circulating MicroRNA-208b and MicroRNA-499 reflect myocardial damage in cardiovascular disease. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 2010, 3:499-506.
83. Devaux Y., Vausort M., Goretti E., et al. Use of circulating microRNAs to diagnose acute myocardial infarction. Clin. Chem. 2012, 58:559-567.
84. Tijsen A.J., Pinto Y.M., Creemers E.E. Circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2012, 303:H1085-H1095.
85. Devaux Y., Mueller M., Haaf P., et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating microRNAs in patients with acute chest pain. J.Intern. Med. 2015, 277:260-271.
86. De Rosa S., Fichtlscherer S., Lehmann R., Assmus B., Dimmeler S., Zeiher A.M. Transcoronary concentration gradients of circulating microRNAs. Circulation 2011, 124:1936-1944.
87. Olivieri F., Antonicelli R., Lorenzi M., et al. Diagnostic potential of circulating miR-499-5p in elderly patients with acute non ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Int. J. Cardiol. 2013, 167:531-536.
88. Gladka M.M., da Costa Martins P.A., De Windt L.J. Small changes can make a big difference - microRNA regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. J.Mol. Cell Cardiol. 2012, 52:74-82.
89. Salic K., De Windt L.J. MicroRNAs as biomarkers for myocardial infarction. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 2012, 14:193-200.
90. Gidlof O., Andersson P., van der Pals J., Gotberg M., Erlinge D. Cardiospecific microRNA plasma levels correlate with troponin and cardiac function in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction, are selectively dependent on renal elimination, and can be detected in urine samples. Cardiology 2011, 118:217-226.
91. Kuwabara Y., Ono K., Horie T., et al. Increased microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a levels in serum of patients with cardiovascular disease indicate myocardial damage. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 2011, 4:446-454.
92. Widera C., Gupta S.K., Lorenzen J.M., et al. Diagnostic and prognostic impact of six circulating microRNAs in acute coronary syndrome. J.Mol. Cell Cardiol. 2011, 51:872-875.
93. Cheng Y., Tan N., Yang J., et al. Atranslational study of circulating cell-free microRNA-1 in acute myocardial infarction. Clin. Sci. (Lond) 2010, 119:87-95.
94. Ai J., Zhang R., Li Y., et al. Circulating microRNA-1 as a potential novel biomarker for acute myocardial infarction. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2010, 391:73-77.
95. Li Y.Q., Zhang M.F., Wen H.Y., et al. Comparing the diagnostic values of circulating microRNAs and cardiac troponin T in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013, 68:75-80.
96. Meder B., Keller A., Vogel B., et al. MicroRNA signatures in total peripheral blood as novel biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction. Basic Res. Cardiol. 2011, 106:13-23.
97. Wang F., Long G., Zhao C., et al. Atherosclerosis-related circulating miRNAs as novel and sensitive predictors for acute myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2014, 9:e105734.
98. Oerlemans M.I., Mosterd A., Dekker M.S., et al. Early assessment of acute coronary syndromes in the emergency department: the potential diagnostic value of circulating microRNAs. EMBO Mol. Med. 2012, 4:1176-1185.
99. Wang H., Lin Y.Z., Lu H.M., et al. Circulating microRNA-92a in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2011, 23:718-722.
100. Yao R., Ma Y., Du Y., et al. The altered expression of inflammation-related microRNAs with microRNA-155 expression correlates with Th17 differentiation in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Cell Mol. Immunol. 2011, 8:486-495.
101. Li L.M., Cai W.B., Ye Q., Liu J.M., Li X., Liao X.X. Comparison of plasma microRNA-1 and cardiac troponin T in early diagnosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. World J. Emerg. Med. 2014, 5:182-186.
102. Sato F., Tsuchiya S., Terasawa K., Tsujimoto G. Intra-platform repeatability and inter-platform comparability of microRNA microarray technology. PLoS One 2009, 4:e5540.
103. Git A., Dvinge H., Salmon-Divon M., et al. Systematic comparison of microarray profiling, real-time PCR, and next-generation sequencing technologies for measuring differential microRNA expression. RNA 2010, 16:991-1006.
104. Koberle V., Pleli T., Schmithals C., et al. Differential stability of cell-free circulating microRNAs: implications for their utilization as biomarkers. PLoS One 2013, 8:e75184.
105. Bauersachs J., Thum T. Biogenesis and regulation of cardiovascular microRNAs. Circ. Res. 2011, 109:334-347.
106. Olson E.N. MicroRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Sci. Transl. Med. 2014, 6. 239ps233.
107. Salzman D.W., Weidhaas J.B. SNPing cancer in the bud: microRNA and microRNA-target site polymorphisms as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer. Pharmacol. Ther. 2013, 137:55-63.
108. van Rooij E., Marshall W.S., Olson E.N. Toward microRNA-based therapeutics for heart disease: the sense in antisense. Circ. Res. 2008, 103:919-928.
109. van Rooij E., Sutherland L.B., Thatcher J.E., et al. Dysregulation of microRNAs after myocardial infarction reveals a role of miR-29 in cardiac fibrosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 2008, 105:13027-13032.
110. Ebert M.S., Neilson J.R., Sharp P.A. MicroRNA sponges: competitive inhibitors of small RNAs in mammalian cells. Nat. Methods 2007, 4:721-726.
111. Sayed D., Rane S., Lypowy J., et al. MicroRNA-21 targets Sprouty2 and promotes cellular outgrowths. Mol. Biol. Cell 2008, 19:3272-3282.
112. Zhang Y., Wang Z., Gemeinhart R.A. Progress in microRNA delivery. J.Control Release 2013, 172:962-974.
113. Peek A.S., Behlke M.A. Design of active small interfering RNAs. Curr. Opin. Mol. Ther. 2007, 9:110-118.
114. Soutschek J., Akinc A., Bramlage B., et al. Therapeutic silencing of an endogenous gene by systemic administration of modified siRNAs. Nature 2004, 432:173-178.
115. Chan Y.C., Banerjee J., Choi S.Y., Sen C.K. miR-210: the master hypoxamir. Microcirculation 2012, 19:215-223.
116. Hu S., Huang M., Li Z., et al. MicroRNA-210 as a novel therapy for treatment of ischemic heart disease. Circulation 2010, 122:S124-S131.
117. Kim H.W., Jiang S., Ashraf M., Haider K.H. Stem cell-based delivery of Hypoxamir-210 to the infarcted heart: implications on stem cell survival and preservation of infarcted heart function. J.Mol. Med. (Berl) 2012, 90:997-1010.
118. Tu Y., Wan L., Fan Y., et al. Ischemic postconditioning-mediated miRNA-21 protects against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via PTEN/Akt pathway. PLoS One 2013, 8:e75872.
119. Dong S., Cheng Y., Yang J., et al. MicroRNA expression signature and the role of microRNA-21 in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction. J.Biol. Chem. 2009, 284:29514-29525.
120. Chan Y.C., Roy S., Huang Y., Khanna S., Sen C.K. The microRNA miR-199a-5p down-regulation switches on wound angiogenesis by derepressing the v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1-matrix metalloproteinase-1 pathway. J.Biol. Chem. 2012, 287:41032-41043.
121. Wang X., Zhu H., Zhang X., et al. Loss of the miR-144/451 cluster impairs ischaemic preconditioning-mediated cardioprotection by targeting Rac-1. Cardiovasc. Res. 2012, 94:379-390.
122. Long B., Wang K., Li N., et al. miR-761 regulates the mitochondrial network by targeting mitochondrial fission factor. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2013, 65:371-379.
123. Wang K., Long B., Jiao J.Q., et al. miR-484 regulates mitochondrial network through targeting Fis1. Nat. Commun. 2012, 3:781.
124. Li J., Donath S., Li Y., Qin D., Prabhakar B.S., Li P. miR-30 regulates mitochondrial fission through targeting p53 and the dynamin-related protein-1 pathway. PLoS Genet. 2010, 6:e1000795.
125. Wang J.X., Jiao J.Q., Li Q., et al. miR-499 regulates mitochondrial dynamics by targeting calcineurin and dynamin-related protein-1. Nat. Med. 2011, 17:71-78.
126. Duisters R.F., Tijsen A.J., Schroen B., et al. miR-133 and miR-30 regulate connective tissue growth factor: implications for a role of microRNAs in myocardial matrix remodeling. Circ. Res. 2009, 104:170-178. 176p following 178.
127. Eckhouse S.R., Akerman A.W., Logdon C.B., et al. Differential membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase substrate processing with ischemia-reperfusion: relationship to interstitial microRNA dynamics and myocardial function. J.Thorac. Cardiovasc Surg. 2013, 145:267-275. 277.e261-264; discussion 275-267.
128. Wang J., Huang W., Xu R., et al. MicroRNA-24 regulates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction. J.Cell. Mol. Med. 2012, 16:2150-2160.
129. Porrello E.R., Johnson B.A., Aurora A.B., et al. MiR-15 family regulates postnatal mitotic arrest of cardiomyocytes. Circ. Res. 2011, 109:670-679.
130. Chen J., Huang Z.P., Seok H.Y., et al. mir-17-92 cluster is required for and sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte proliferation in postnatal and adult hearts. Circ. Res. 2013, 112:1557-1566.
131. Hosoda T., Zheng H., Cabral-da-Silva M., et al. Human cardiac stem cell differentiation is regulated by a mircrine mechanism. Circulation 2011, 123:1287-1296.
132. Hu S., Huang M., Nguyen P.K., et al. Novel microRNA prosurvival cocktail for improving engraftment and function of cardiac progenitor cell transplantation. Circulation 2011, 124:S27-S34.
133. Huang F., Zhu X., Hu X.Q., et al. Mesenchymal stem cells modified with miR-126 release angiogenic factors and activate Notch ligand Delta-like-4, enhancing ischemic angiogenesis and cell survival. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2013, 31:484-492.
134. Mao J., Lv Z., Zhuang Y. MicroRNA-23a is involved in tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cells and myocardial infarction. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 2014, 97:23-30.
135. Huang F., Li M.L., Fang Z.F., et al. Overexpression of MicroRNA-1 improves the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation after myocardial infarction. Cardiology 2013, 125:18-30.