Depth-sensitive subsurface imaging of polymer nanocomposites using second harmonic Kelvin probe force microscopy

ACS Nano

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 2938-2947

  Castañeda Uribe, Octavio Alejandro ^a   Reifenberger, Ronald ^b   Raman, Arvind ^b   Avila, Alba ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES   (Colombia)

^b PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

AFM; CNT; depth sensitive; nanocomposites; polymer; second harmonic; subsurface

Indexed keywords

HARMONIC ANALYSIS; IMAGE RESOLUTION; NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS; POLYMERS; PROBES; SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (SWCN); SOLVENTS;

DEPTH SENSITIVE; KELVIN PROBE FORCE MICROSCOPY; NANOCOMPOSITE SYSTEMS; SECOND HARMONICS; SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE (SWCNTS); SUBSURFACE; SUBSURFACE STRUCTURES; THREE-DIMENSIONAL TOMOGRAPHY;

NANOCOMPOSITES;

EID: 84925625571     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn507019c     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Hu, S.; Rajamani, R.; Yu, X. Flexible Solid-State Paper Based Carbon Nanotube Supercapacitor Appl. Phys. Lett. 2012, 100, 104103(1)-104103(4)
2. Park, S.; Vosguerichian, M.; Bao, Z. A Review of Fabrication and Applications of Carbon Nanotube Film-Based Flexible Electronics Nanoscale 2013, 5, 1727-1752
3. Peng, C.; Zhang, S.; Jewell, D.; Chen, G. Z. Carbon Nanotube and Conducting Polymer Composites for Supercapacitors Prog. Nat. Sci. 2008, 18, 777-788
4. Seo, M. A.; Yim, J. H.; Ahn, Y. H.; Rotermund, F.; Kim, D. S.; Lee, S.; Lim, H. Terahertz Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Flexible Films Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 231905(1)-231905(3)
5. Bara, A.; Bondar, A.; Svasta, P. Polymer/CNTs Composites for Electronic Packaging 2006 1st Electron. Syst. Technol. Conf. 2006, 334-336
6. McClory, C.; Chin, S. J.; McNally, T. Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composites Aust. J. Chem. 2009, 62, 762-785
7. Byrne, M. T.; Gunko, Y. K. Recent Advances in Research on Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 1672-1688
8. Huang, X.; Qi, X.; Boey, F.; Zhang, H. Graphene-Based Composites Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41, 666-686
9. Qi, X.; Tan, C.; Wei, J.; Zhang, H. Synthesis of Graphene-Conjugated Polymer Nanocomposites for Electronic Device Applications Nanoscale 2013, 5, 1440-1451
10. Lu, H.; Chen, Z.; Ma, C. Bioinspired Approaches for Optimizing the Strength and Toughness of Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 16182-16190
11. Yang, K.; Feng, L.; Shi, X.; Liu, Z. Nano-Graphene in Biomedicine: Theranostic Applications Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 530-547
12. Young, R. J.; Kinloch, I. A.; Gong, L.; Novoselov, K. S. The Mechanics of Graphene Nanocomposites: A Review Compos. Sci. Technol. 2012, 72, 1459-1476
13. Maensiri, S.; Laokul, P.; Klinkaewnarong, J.; Amornkitbamrung, V. Carbon Nanofiber-Reinforced Alumina Nanocomposites: Fabrication and Mechanical Properties Mater. Sci. Eng., A 2007, 447, 44-50
14. Mishra, R.; Mukherjee, A. Processing of High Hardness-High Toughness Alumina Matrix Nanocomposites Mater. Sci. Eng., A 2001, 301, 97-101
15. Nishimura, Y.; Aikawa, K.; Choi, S.-M.; Hashimoto, S.; Iwamoto, Y. Relation between Functional Properties of Alumina-Based Nanocomposites and Locations of Dispersed Particles J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 2009, 117, 836-841
16. Zou, H.; Wu, S.; Shen, J. Polymer/silica Nanocomposites: Preparation, Characterization, Properties, and Applications Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 3893-3957
17. Xiong, X.; Li, Q.; Zhang, X.-C.; Wang, L.; Guo, Z.-X.; Yu, J. Poly(vinylidene Fluoride)/silica Nanocomposite Membranes by Electrospinning J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2013, 129, 1089-1095
18. Sadeghi, M.; Semsarzadeh, M. A.; Barikani, M.; Pourafshari Chenar, M. Gas Separation Properties of Polyether-Based Polyurethane-silica Nanocomposite Membranes J. Membr. Sci. 2011, 376, 188-195
19. Li, L.; Yu, Z.; Hu, W.; Chang, C.; Chen, Q.; Pei, Q. Efficient Flexible Phosphorescent Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Silver Nanowire-Polymer Composite Electrode Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 5563-5567
20. Moreno, I.; Navascues, N.; Arruebo, M.; Irusta, S.; Santamaria, J. Facile Preparation of Transparent and Conductive Polymer Films Based on Silver Nanowire/polycarbonate Nanocomposites Nanotechnology 2013, 24, 275603(1)-275603(11)
21. Tamboli, M. S.; Kulkarni, M. V.; Patil, R. H.; Gade, W. N.; Navale, S. C.; Kale, B. B. Nanowires of Silver-Polyaniline Nanocomposite Synthesized via i n Situ Polymerization and Its Novel Functionality as an Antibacterial Agent Colloids Surf. B. Biointerfaces 2012, 92, 35-41
22. Yun, S.; Niu, X.; Yu, Z.; Hu, W.; Brochu, P.; Pei, Q. Compliant Silver Nanowire-Polymer Composite Electrodes for Bistable Large Strain Actuation Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 1321-1327
23. Jood, P.; Mehta, R. J.; Zhang, Y.; Peleckis, G.; Wang, X.; Siegel, R. W.; Borca-Tasciuc, T.; Dou, S. X.; Ramanath, G. Al-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites with Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 4337-4342
24. De Rancourt, Y.; Couturaud, B.; Mas, A.; Robin, J. J. Synthesis of Antibacterial Surfaces by Plasma Grafting of Zinc Oxide Based Nanocomposites onto Polypropylene J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2013, 402, 320-326
25. Rodríguez-Tobías, H.; Morales, G.; Rodríguez-Fernández, O.; Acuña, P. Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Concentration on the Mechanical Properties and UV Protection of In Situ Synthesized ABS Based Nanocomposites Macromol. Symp. 2013, 325-326, 147-155
26. Zhao, H.; Li, R. K. Y. A Study on the Photo-Degradation of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Filled Polypropylene Nanocomposites Polymer 2006, 47, 3207-3217
27. Cadena, M. J.; Misiego, R.; Smith, K. C.; Avila, A.; Pipes, B.; Reifenberger, R.; Raman, A. Sub-Surface Imaging of Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites Using Dynamic AFM Methods Nanotechnology 2013, 24, 135706(1)-135706(13)
28. Zhao, M.; Gu, X.; Lowther, S. E.; Park, C.; Jean, Y. C.; Nguyen, T. Subsurface Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer Composites via Quantitative Electric Force Microscopy Nanotechnology 2010, 21, 225702(1)-225702(9)
29. Jespersen, T. S.; Nygård, J. Mapping of Individual Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer/nanotube Composites Using Electrostatic Force Microscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 90, 183108(1)-183108(3)
30. Nonnenmacher, M.; OBoyle, M. P.; Wickramasinghe, H. K. Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 1991, 58, 2921-2923
31. Hudlet, S.; Saint Jean, M.; Guthmann, C.; Berger, J. Evaluation of the Capacitive Force between an Atomic Force Microscopy Tip and a Metallic Surface Eur. Phys. J. B 1998, 2, 5-10
32. Sacha, G. M.; Sahagún, E.; Sáenz, J. J. A Method for Calculating Capacitances and Electrostatic Forces in Atomic Force Microscopy J. Appl. Phys. 2007, 101, 024310(1)-024310(4)
33. Sacha, G. M.; Sáenz, J. J. Cantilever Effects on Electrostatic Force Gradient Microscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85, 2610-2612
34. Law, B.; Rieutord, F. Electrostatic Forces in Atomic Force Microscopy Phys. Rev. B 2002, 66, 035402(1)-035402(6)
35. Fumagalli, L.; Ferrari, G.; Sampietro, M.; Gomila, G. Dielectric-Constant Measurement of Thin Insulating Films at Low Frequency by Nanoscale Capacitance Microscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 91, 243110(1)-243110(3)
36. Gomila, G.; Toset, J.; Fumagalli, L. Nanoscale Capacitance Microscopy of Thin Dielectric Films J. Appl. Phys. 2008, 104, 024315(1)-024315(8)
37. Fumagalli, L.; Gramse, G.; Esteban-Ferrer, D.; Edwards, M. a.; Gomila, G. Quantifying the Dielectric Constant of Thick Insulators Using Electrostatic Force Microscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 2010, 96, 183107(1)-183107(3)
38. Arinero, R.; Riedel, C.; Guasch, C. Numerical Simulations of Electrostatic Interactions between an Atomic Force Microscopy Tip and a Dielectric Sample in Presence of Buried Nano-Particles J. Appl. Phys. 2012, 112, 114313(1)-114313(6)
39. Magonov, S.; Alexander, J. Single-Pass Kelvin Force Microscopy and dC/dZ Measurements in the Intermittent Contact: Applications to Polymer Materials Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 15-27
40. Jacobs, H. O.; Leuchtmann, P.; Homan, O. J.; Stemmer, A. Resolution and Contrast in Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy J. Appl. Phys. 1998, 84, 1168-1173
41. Gramse, G.; Gomila, G.; Fumagalli, L. Quantifying the Dielectric Constant of Thick Insulators by Electrostatic Force Microscopy: Effects of the Microscopic Parts of the Probe Nanotechnology 2012, 23, 205703(1)-205703(7)
42. Misiego, C. R.; Pipes, R. B. Dispersion and Its Relation to Carbon Nanotube Concentration in Polyimide Nanocomposites Compos. Sci. Technol. 2013, 85, 43-49
43. Li, G.; Mao, B.; Lan, F.; Liu, L. Practical Aspects of Single-Pass Scan Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2012, 83, 113701(1)-113701(8)
44. Horcas, I.; Fernandez, R.; Gomez-Rodriguez, J. M.; Colchero, J.; Gomez-Herrero, J.; Baro, A. M. WSxM a Software for Scanning Probe Microscopy and a Tool for Nanotechnology Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2007, 78, 013705(1)-013705(8)
45. Melcher, J.; Martínez-martín, D.; Jaafar, M.; Gómez-herrero, J.; Raman, A. High-Resolution Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquids with Different Feedback Architectures Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 153-163
46. Park, C.; Kang, J. H.; Harrison, J. S.; Costen, R. C.; Lowther, S. E. Actuating Single Wall Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites: Intrinsic Unimorphs Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 2074-2079
47. Jackson, J. D. Classical Electrodynamics, 3 rd ed.; Wiley: New York, 1999; pp 169-194.
48. Griffiths, D. J. Introduction to Electrodynamics, 3 rd ed.; Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1999; pp 351-355.