메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

Use of rapid diagnostic techniques in ICU patients with infections

Author keywords

Clinical laboratory techniques; Intensive care unit; Microbiology; Rapid diagnosis

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; PROCALCITONIN; SOLUBLE TRIGGERING RECEPTOR EXPRESSED ON MYELOID CELLS 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84924287739     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712334     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0593-1     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (48)

References (148)
  • 1
    • 77955917612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of nosocomial infections on clinical outcome and resource consumption in critically ill patients
    • Burgmann H, Hiesmayr JM, Savey A, Bauer P, Metnitz B, Metnitz PG: Impact of nosocomial infections on clinical outcome and resource consumption in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2010, 36:1597-1601.
    • (2010) Intensive Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 1597-1601
    • Burgmann, H.1    Hiesmayr, J.M.2    Savey, A.3    Bauer, P.4    Metnitz, B.5    Metnitz, P.G.6
  • 2
    • 77951460339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost savings from reduced catheter-related bloodstream infection after simulation-based education for residents in a medical intensive care unit
    • Cohen ER, Feinglass J, Barsuk JH, Barnard C, O'Donnell A, McGaghie WC, Wayne DB: Cost savings from reduced catheter-related bloodstream infection after simulation-based education for residents in a medical intensive care unit. Simul Healthc 2010, 5:98-102.
    • (2010) Simul Healthc , vol.5 , pp. 98-102
    • Cohen, E.R.1    Feinglass, J.2    Barsuk, J.H.3    Barnard, C.4    O'Donnell, A.5    McGaghie, W.C.6    Wayne, D.B.7
  • 4
    • 84877756767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality associated with primary and catheter-related bloodstream infections in critically ill patients
    • Olaechea PM, Palomar M, Alvarez-Lerma F, Otal JJ, Insausti J, Lopez-Pueyo MJ: Morbidity and mortality associated with primary and catheter-related bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. Rev Esp Quimioter 2013, 26:21-29.
    • (2013) Rev Esp Quimioter , vol.26 , pp. 21-29
    • Olaechea, P.M.1    Palomar, M.2    Alvarez-Lerma, F.3    Otal, J.J.4    Insausti, J.5    Lopez-Pueyo, M.J.6
  • 5
    • 54949148412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NHSN annual update: antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with healthcare-associated infections: annual summary of data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006-2007
    • Hidron AI, Edwards JR, Patel J, Horan TC, Sievert DM, Pollock DA, Fridkin SK: NHSN annual update: antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with healthcare-associated infections: annual summary of data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006-2007. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008, 29:996-1011.
    • (2008) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.29 , pp. 996-1011
    • Hidron, A.I.1    Edwards, J.R.2    Patel, J.3    Horan, T.C.4    Sievert, D.M.5    Pollock, D.A.6    Fridkin, S.K.7
  • 6
    • 84864244742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rising problem of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit
    • Brusselaers N, Vogelaers D, Blot S: The rising problem of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit. Ann Intensive Care 2011, 1:47.
    • (2011) Ann Intensive Care , vol.1 , pp. 47
    • Brusselaers, N.1    Vogelaers, D.2    Blot, S.3
  • 7
    • 0141610906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting
    • Ibrahim EH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH: The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting. Chest 2000, 118:146-155.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.118 , pp. 146-155
    • Ibrahim, E.H.1    Sherman, G.2    Ward, S.3    Fraser, V.J.4    Kollef, M.H.5
  • 8
    • 84861187338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adequacy of timely empiric antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia: an important determinant of outcome
    • Muscedere JG, Shorr AF, Jiang X, Day A, Heyland DK: The adequacy of timely empiric antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia: an important determinant of outcome. J Crit Care 2012, 27:322. e327-314.
    • (2012) J Crit Care , vol.27 , pp. 322
    • Muscedere, J.G.1    Shorr, A.F.2    Jiang, X.3    Day, A.4    Heyland, D.K.5
  • 9
    • 84879141351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and microbiological implications of time-to-positivity of blood cultures in patients with Gram-negative bacilli bacteremia
    • Palmer HR, Palavecino EL, Johnson JW, Ohl CA, Williamson JC: Clinical and microbiological implications of time-to-positivity of blood cultures in patients with Gram-negative bacilli bacteremia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013, 32:955-959.
    • (2013) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.32 , pp. 955-959
    • Palmer, H.R.1    Palavecino, E.L.2    Johnson, J.W.3    Ohl, C.A.4    Williamson, J.C.5
  • 10
    • 34548831647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravascular catheter-related infections: advances in diagnosis, prevention, and management
    • Raad I, Hanna H, Maki D: Intravascular catheter-related infections: advances in diagnosis, prevention, and management. Lancet Infect Dis 2007, 7:645-657.
    • (2007) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.7 , pp. 645-657
    • Raad, I.1    Hanna, H.2    Maki, D.3
  • 11
    • 0027076141 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of culture techniques for diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis in critically ill patients
    • Rello J, Coll P, Prats G: Evaluation of culture techniques for diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis in critically ill patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1992, 11:1192-1193.
    • (1992) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.11 , pp. 1192-1193
    • Rello, J.1    Coll, P.2    Prats, G.3
  • 12
    • 0023815289 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of infections in indwelling central venous catheters using quantitative blood cultures
    • Benezra D, Kiehn TE, Gold JW, Brown AE, Turnbull AD, Armstrong D: Prospective study of infections in indwelling central venous catheters using quantitative blood cultures. Am J Med 1988, 85:495-498.
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.85 , pp. 495-498
    • Benezra, D.1    Kiehn, T.E.2    Gold, J.W.3    Brown, A.E.4    Turnbull, A.D.5    Armstrong, D.6
  • 13
    • 3042680693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Watchful waiting versus immediate catheter removal in ICU patients with suspected catheter-related infection: a randomized trial
    • Rijnders BJ, Peetermans WE, Verwaest C, Wilmer A, Van Wijngaerden E: Watchful waiting versus immediate catheter removal in ICU patients with suspected catheter-related infection: a randomized trial. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:1073-1080.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Rijnders, B.J.1    Peetermans, W.E.2    Verwaest, C.3    Wilmer, A.4    Wijngaerden, E.5
  • 15
    • 14844365297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: methods for diagnosing intravascular device-related bloodstream infection
    • Safdar N, Fine JP, Maki DG: Meta-analysis: methods for diagnosing intravascular device-related bloodstream infection. Ann Intern Med 2005, 142:451-466.
    • (2005) Ann Intern Med , vol.142 , pp. 451-466
    • Safdar, N.1    Fine, J.P.2    Maki, D.G.3
  • 18
    • 24944528459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The challenge of anticipating catheter tip colonization in major heart surgery patients in the intensive care unit: are surface cultures useful?
    • Bouza E, Munoz P, Burillo A, Lopez-Rodriguez J, Fernandez-Perez C, Perez MJ, Rincon C: The challenge of anticipating catheter tip colonization in major heart surgery patients in the intensive care unit: are surface cultures useful? Crit Care Med 2005, 33:1953-1960.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 1953-1960
    • Bouza, E.1    Munoz, P.2    Burillo, A.3    Lopez-Rodriguez, J.4    Fernandez-Perez, C.5    Perez, M.J.6    Rincon, C.7
  • 19
    • 84924314592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of catheter-related infections
    • Edited by Seifert H, Jansen B, Farr B. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Blot F: Diagnosis of catheter-related infections. In Catheter-Related Infections. Edited by Seifert H, Jansen B, Farr B. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2005:37-76.
    • (2005) Catheter-Related Infections , pp. 37-76
    • Blot, F.1
  • 21
    • 0024324113 scopus 로고
    • Effect of delay in processing on lysis-centrifugation blood culture results from marrow transplant patients
    • Hamilton DJ, Amos D, Schwartz RW, Dent CM, Counts GW: Effect of delay in processing on lysis-centrifugation blood culture results from marrow transplant patients. J Clin Microbiol 1989, 27:1588-1593.
    • (1989) J Clin Microbiol , vol.27 , pp. 1588-1593
    • Hamilton, D.J.1    Amos, D.2    Schwartz, R.W.3    Dent, C.M.4    Counts, G.W.5
  • 22
    • 0347716451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential time to positivity: a useful method for diagnosing catheter-related bloodstream infections
    • Raad I, Hanna HA, Alakech B, Chatzinikolaou I, Johnson MM, Tarrand J: Differential time to positivity: a useful method for diagnosing catheter-related bloodstream infections. Ann Intern Med 2004, 140:18-25.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 18-25
    • Raad, I.1    Hanna, H.A.2    Alakech, B.3    Chatzinikolaou, I.4    Johnson, M.M.5    Tarrand, J.6
  • 23
    • 84925370715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood culture differential time to positivity enables safe catheter retention in suspected catheter-related bloodstream infection: a randomized controlled trial
    • press.
    • Sabatier C, Garcia X, Ferrer R, Duarte M, Colomina M, Alcaraz D, Fontanals D, Valles J: Blood culture differential time to positivity enables safe catheter retention in suspected catheter-related bloodstream infection: a randomized controlled trial. Med Intensiva 2014, in press.
    • (2014) Med Intensiva
    • Sabatier, C.1    Garcia, X.2    Ferrer, R.3    Duarte, M.4    Colomina, M.5    Alcaraz, D.6    Fontanals, D.7    Valles, J.8
  • 24
    • 0040562485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of catheter-related bacteraemia: a prospective comparison of the time to positivity of hub-blood versus peripheral-blood cultures
    • Blot F, Nitenberg G, Chachaty E, Raynard B, Germann N, Antoun S, Laplanche A, Brun-Buisson C, Tancrede C: Diagnosis of catheter-related bacteraemia: a prospective comparison of the time to positivity of hub-blood versus peripheral-blood cultures. Lancet 1999, 354:1071-1077.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1071-1077
    • Blot, F.1    Nitenberg, G.2    Chachaty, E.3    Raynard, B.4    Germann, N.5    Antoun, S.6    Laplanche, A.7    Brun-Buisson, C.8    Tancrede, C.9
  • 26
    • 84888881566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential time to positivity is not predictive for central line-related Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection in routine clinical care
    • Kaasch AJ, Rieg S, Hellmich M, Kern WV, Seifert H: Differential time to positivity is not predictive for central line-related Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection in routine clinical care. J Infect 2014, 68:58-61.
    • (2014) J Infect , vol.68 , pp. 58-61
    • Kaasch, A.J.1    Rieg, S.2    Hellmich, M.3    Kern, W.V.4    Seifert, H.5
  • 27
    • 34548102726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed processing of blood samples influences time to positivity of blood cultures and results of Gram stain-acridine orange leukocyte Cytospin test
    • Schwetz I, Hinrichs G, Reisinger EC, Krejs GJ, Olschewski H, Krause R: Delayed processing of blood samples influences time to positivity of blood cultures and results of Gram stain-acridine orange leukocyte Cytospin test. J Clin Microbiol 2007, 45:2691-2694.
    • (2007) J Clin Microbiol , vol.45 , pp. 2691-2694
    • Schwetz, I.1    Hinrichs, G.2    Reisinger, E.C.3    Krejs, G.J.4    Olschewski, H.5    Krause, R.6
  • 31
    • 33847611134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized and prospective study of 3 procedures for the diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection without catheter withdrawal
    • Bouza E, Alvarado N, Alcala L, Perez MJ, Rincon C, Munoz P: A randomized and prospective study of 3 procedures for the diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection without catheter withdrawal. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 44:820-826.
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.44 , pp. 820-826
    • Bouza, E.1    Alvarado, N.2    Alcala, L.3    Perez, M.J.4    Rincon, C.5    Munoz, P.6
  • 32
    • 77950200034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign protocols on hospital length of stay and mortality in septic shock patients: results of a three-year follow-up quasi-experimental study
    • Castellanos-Ortega A, Suberviola B, Garcia-Astudillo LA, Holanda MS, Ortiz F, Llorca J, Delgado-Rodriguez M: Impact of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign protocols on hospital length of stay and mortality in septic shock patients: results of a three-year follow-up quasi-experimental study. Crit Care Med 2010, 38:1036-1043.
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , pp. 1036-1043
    • Castellanos-Ortega, A.1    Suberviola, B.2    Garcia-Astudillo, L.A.3    Holanda, M.S.4    Ortiz, F.5    Llorca, J.6    Delgado-Rodriguez, M.7
  • 33
    • 34848832884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular diagnosis of bloodstream infections caused by non-cultivable bacteria
    • Fenollar F, Raoult D: Molecular diagnosis of bloodstream infections caused by non-cultivable bacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007, 30(Suppl 1):S7-S15.
    • (2007) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.30 , pp. S7-S15
    • Fenollar, F.1    Raoult, D.2
  • 34
    • 84861657004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench-to-bedside review: rapid molecular diagnostics for bloodstream infection - a new frontier?
    • Afshari A, Schrenzel J, Ieven M, Harbarth S: Bench-to-bedside review: rapid molecular diagnostics for bloodstream infection - a new frontier? Crit Care 2012, 16:222.
    • (2012) Crit Care , vol.16 , pp. 222
    • Afshari, A.1    Schrenzel, J.2    Ieven, M.3    Harbarth, S.4
  • 36
    • 84870239402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current approaches to the diagnosis of bacterial and fungal bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit
    • Murray PR, Masur H: Current approaches to the diagnosis of bacterial and fungal bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2012, 40:3277-3282.
    • (2012) Crit Care Med , vol.40 , pp. 3277-3282
    • Murray, P.R.1    Masur, H.2
  • 37
    • 84878434234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplex PCR system for rapid detection of pathogens in patients with presumed sepsis - a systemic review and meta-analysis
    • Chang SS, Hsieh WH, Liu TS, Lee SH, Wang CH, Chou HC, Yeo YH, Tseng CP, Lee CC: Multiplex PCR system for rapid detection of pathogens in patients with presumed sepsis - a systemic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013, 8:e62323.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Chang, S.S.1    Hsieh, W.H.2    Liu, T.S.3    Lee, S.H.4    Wang, C.H.5    Chou, H.C.6    Yeo, Y.H.7    Tseng, C.P.8    Lee, C.C.9
  • 38
    • 79961066587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of real-time PCR for the diagnosis of sepsis in ICU-acquired infections
    • Wallet F, Loiez C, Herwegh S, Courcol RJ: Usefulness of real-time PCR for the diagnosis of sepsis in ICU-acquired infections. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2011, 11:348-353.
    • (2011) Infect Disord Drug Targets , vol.11 , pp. 348-353
    • Wallet, F.1    Loiez, C.2    Herwegh, S.3    Courcol, R.J.4
  • 39
    • 84856614215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PCR for the diagnosis of sepsis: hope or hype?
    • Schrenzel J: PCR for the diagnosis of sepsis: hope or hype? Crit Care 2011, 15:111.
    • (2011) Crit Care , vol.15 , pp. 111
    • Schrenzel, J.1
  • 40
    • 70349779856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical impact of a commercially available multiplex PCR system for rapid detection of pathogens in patients with presumed sepsis
    • Dierkes C, Ehrenstein B, Siebig S, Linde HJ, Reischl U, Salzberger B: Clinical impact of a commercially available multiplex PCR system for rapid detection of pathogens in patients with presumed sepsis. BMC Infect Dis 2009, 9:126.
    • (2009) BMC Infect Dis , vol.9 , pp. 126
    • Dierkes, C.1    Ehrenstein, B.2    Siebig, S.3    Linde, H.J.4    Reischl, U.5    Salzberger, B.6
  • 41
    • 84875823959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of combining blood culture and SeptiFast data for predicting complicated bloodstream infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria or Candida species
    • Fernandez-Cruz A, Marin M, Kestler M, Alcala L, Rodriguez-Creixems M, Bouza E: The value of combining blood culture and SeptiFast data for predicting complicated bloodstream infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria or Candida species. J Clin Microbiol 2013, 51:1130-1136.
    • (2013) J Clin Microbiol , vol.51 , pp. 1130-1136
    • Fernandez-Cruz, A.1    Marin, M.2    Kestler, M.3    Alcala, L.4    Rodriguez-Creixems, M.5    Bouza, E.6
  • 42
    • 77957897126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost and mortality prediction using polymerase chain reaction pathogen detection in sepsis: evidence from three observational trials
    • Lehmann LE, Herpichboehm B, Kost GJ, Kollef MH, Stuber F: Cost and mortality prediction using polymerase chain reaction pathogen detection in sepsis: evidence from three observational trials. Crit Care 2010, 14:R186.
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14
    • Lehmann, L.E.1    Herpichboehm, B.2    Kost, G.J.3    Kollef, M.H.4    Stuber, F.5
  • 43
    • 82955233601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in mass spectrometry for the identification of pathogens
    • Ho YP, Reddy PM: Advances in mass spectrometry for the identification of pathogens. Mass Spectrom Rev 2011, 30:1203-1224.
    • (2011) Mass Spectrom Rev , vol.30 , pp. 1203-1224
    • Ho, Y.P.1    Reddy, P.M.2
  • 44
    • 77950462078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of two matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry methods with conventional phenotypic identification for routine identification of bacteria to the species level
    • Cherkaoui A, Hibbs J, Emonet S, Tangomo M, Girard M, Francois P, Schrenzel J: Comparison of two matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry methods with conventional phenotypic identification for routine identification of bacteria to the species level. J Clin Microbiol 2010, 48:1169-1175.
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 1169-1175
    • Cherkaoui, A.1    Hibbs, J.2    Emonet, S.3    Tangomo, M.4    Girard, M.5    Francois, P.6    Schrenzel, J.7
  • 46
    • 84865599554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of two different methods of sample preparation for positive blood cultures for the rapid identification of bacteria using MALDI-TOF MS
    • Juiz PM, Almela M, Melcion C, Campo I, Esteban C, Pitart C, Marco F, Vila J: A comparative study of two different methods of sample preparation for positive blood cultures for the rapid identification of bacteria using MALDI-TOF MS. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012, 31:1353-1358.
    • (2012) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.31 , pp. 1353-1358
    • Juiz, P.M.1    Almela, M.2    Melcion, C.3    Campo, I.4    Esteban, C.5    Pitart, C.6    Marco, F.7    Vila, J.8
  • 49
    • 84858408842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry improves appropriateness of antibiotic treatment of bacteremia
    • Vlek AL, Bonten MJ, Boel CH: Direct matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry improves appropriateness of antibiotic treatment of bacteremia. PLoS One 2012, 7:e32589.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Vlek, A.L.1    Bonten, M.J.2    Boel, C.H.3
  • 53
    • 34248562162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early identification of intensive care unit-acquired infections with daily monitoring of C-reactive protein: a prospective observational study
    • Povoa P, Coelho L, Almeida E, Fernandes A, Mealha R, Moreira P, Sabino H: Early identification of intensive care unit-acquired infections with daily monitoring of C-reactive protein: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 2006, 10:R63.
    • (2006) Crit Care , vol.10
    • Povoa, P.1    Coelho, L.2    Almeida, E.3    Fernandes, A.4    Mealha, R.5    Moreira, P.6    Sabino, H.7
  • 54
  • 59
    • 20444373682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench-to-bedside review: Therapeutic options and issues in the management of ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia
    • Rello J: Bench-to-bedside review: Therapeutic options and issues in the management of ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care 2005, 9:259-265.
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9 , pp. 259-265
    • Rello, J.1
  • 60
    • 33846569839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is ventilator-associated pneumonia and why is it important?
    • Kollef MH: What is ventilator-associated pneumonia and why is it important? Respir Care 2005, 50:714-724.
    • (2005) Respir Care , vol.50 , pp. 714-724
    • Kollef, M.H.1
  • 61
    • 26944473244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conference summary: ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Chastre J: Conference summary: ventilator-associated pneumonia. Respir Care 2005, 50:975-983.
    • (2005) Respir Care , vol.50 , pp. 975-983
    • Chastre, J.1
  • 62
    • 40849100127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia on the Canadian health care system
    • Muscedere JG, Martin CM, Heyland DK: The impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia on the Canadian health care system. J Crit Care 2008, 23:5-10.
    • (2008) J Crit Care , vol.23 , pp. 5-10
    • Muscedere, J.G.1    Martin, C.M.2    Heyland, D.K.3
  • 63
    • 66449129847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients undergoing major heart surgery: an incidence study in Europe
    • Hortal J, Munoz P, Cuerpo G, Litvan H, Rosseel PM, Bouza E: Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients undergoing major heart surgery: an incidence study in Europe. Crit Care 2009, 13:R80.
    • (2009) Crit Care , vol.13
    • Hortal, J.1    Munoz, P.2    Cuerpo, G.3    Litvan, H.4    Rosseel, P.M.5    Bouza, E.6
  • 64
    • 0036304245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Iregui M, Ward S, Sherman G, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH: Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2002, 122:262-268.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 262-268
    • Iregui, M.1    Ward, S.2    Sherman, G.3    Fraser, V.J.4    Kollef, M.H.5
  • 65
    • 40849114633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of inappropriate antibiotic therapy on mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and blood stream infection: a meta-analysis
    • Kuti EL, Patel AA, Coleman CI: Impact of inappropriate antibiotic therapy on mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and blood stream infection: a meta-analysis. J Crit Care 2008, 23:91-100.
    • (2008) J Crit Care , vol.23 , pp. 91-100
    • Kuti, E.L.1    Patel, A.A.2    Coleman, C.I.3
  • 66
    • 36849025334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limiting the attributable mortality of nosocomial infection and multidrug resistance in intensive care units
    • Blot S: Limiting the attributable mortality of nosocomial infection and multidrug resistance in intensive care units. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008, 14(1):5-13.
    • (2008) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-13
    • Blot, S.1
  • 67
    • 84872383048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical validation of a novel high multiplexing real-time PCR array for the identification of key pathogens causative of bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia and their associated resistance genes
    • Bogaerts P, Hamels S, de Mendonca R, Huang TD, Roisin S, Remacle J, Markine-Goriaynoff N, de Longueville F, Pluster W, Denis O, Glupczynski Y: Analytical validation of a novel high multiplexing real-time PCR array for the identification of key pathogens causative of bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia and their associated resistance genes. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013, 68:340-347.
    • (2013) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.68 , pp. 340-347
    • Bogaerts, P.1    Hamels, S.2    Mendonca, R.3    Huang, T.D.4    Roisin, S.5    Remacle, J.6    Markine-Goriaynoff, N.7    Longueville, F.8    Pluster, W.9    Denis, O.10    Glupczynski, Y.11
  • 68
    • 0033980096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific and rapid detection by fluorescent in situ hybridization of bacteria in clinical samples obtained from cystic fibrosis patients
    • Hogardt M, Trebesius K, Geiger AM, Hornef M, Rosenecker J, Heesemann J: Specific and rapid detection by fluorescent in situ hybridization of bacteria in clinical samples obtained from cystic fibrosis patients. J Clin Microbiol 2000, 38:818-825.
    • (2000) J Clin Microbiol , vol.38 , pp. 818-825
    • Hogardt, M.1    Trebesius, K.2    Geiger, A.M.3    Hornef, M.4    Rosenecker, J.5    Heesemann, J.6
  • 69
    • 13644269309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America: Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 171:388-416.
    • (2005) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.171 , pp. 388-416
  • 70
    • 0032714878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protected specimen brush or bronchoalveolar lavage to diagnose bacterial nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated adults: a meta-analysis
    • de Jaeger A, Litalien C, Lacroix J, Guertin MC, Infante-Rivard C: Protected specimen brush or bronchoalveolar lavage to diagnose bacterial nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated adults: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 1999, 27:2548-2560.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 2548-2560
    • Jaeger, A.1    Litalien, C.2    Lacroix, J.3    Guertin, M.C.4    Infante-Rivard, C.5
  • 71
    • 0034066476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchoscopic BAL in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Torres A, El-Ebiary M: Bronchoscopic BAL in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2000, 117(4 Suppl 2):198S-202S.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.117 , Issue.4 , pp. 198S-202S
    • Torres, A.1    El-Ebiary, M.2
  • 72
    • 84965186433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative versus qualitative cultures of respiratory secretions for clinical outcomes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
    • Berton DC, Kalil AC, Teixeira PJZ: Quantitative versus qualitative cultures of respiratory secretions for clinical outcomes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, (10):CD006482. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD006482.pub4.
    • (2014) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.10
    • Berton, D.C.1    Kalil, A.C.2    Teixeira, P.J.Z.3
  • 73
    • 0026954710 scopus 로고
    • The standardization of criteria for processing and interpreting laboratory specimens in patients with suspected ventilator- associated pneumonia
    • Baselski VS, El-Torky M, Coalson JJ, Griffin JP: The standardization of criteria for processing and interpreting laboratory specimens in patients with suspected ventilator- associated pneumonia. Chest 1992, 102(5 Suppl 1):571S-579S.
    • (1992) Chest , vol.102 , Issue.5 , pp. 571S-579S
    • Baselski, V.S.1    El-Torky, M.2    Coalson, J.J.3    Griffin, J.P.4
  • 74
    • 77955687084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surrogate markers and microbiologic end points
    • Wunderink RG: Surrogate markers and microbiologic end points. Clin Infect Dis 2010, 51(Suppl 1):S126-S130.
    • (2010) Clin Infect Dis , vol.51 , pp. S126-S130
    • Wunderink, R.G.1
  • 78
    • 33646507882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concordance of antibiotic prophylaxis, direct Gram staining and protected brush specimen culture results for postoperative patients with suspected pneumonia
    • Maillet JM, Fitoussi F, Penaud D, Dennewald G, Brodaty D: Concordance of antibiotic prophylaxis, direct Gram staining and protected brush specimen culture results for postoperative patients with suspected pneumonia. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006, 23:563-567.
    • (2006) Eur J Anaesthesiol , vol.23 , pp. 563-567
    • Maillet, J.M.1    Fitoussi, F.2    Penaud, D.3    Dennewald, G.4    Brodaty, D.5
  • 80
    • 0033694879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of gram stain examination of lower respiratory tract secretions for early diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia
    • Blot F, Raynard B, Chachaty E, Tancrede C, Antoun S, Nitenberg G: Value of gram stain examination of lower respiratory tract secretions for early diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000, 162:1731-1737.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.162 , pp. 1731-1737
    • Blot, F.1    Raynard, B.2    Chachaty, E.3    Tancrede, C.4    Antoun, S.5    Nitenberg, G.6
  • 81
    • 0031796906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of Gram's stain and efficacy of quantitative cultures for posttraumatic pneumonia: a prospective study
    • Croce MA, Fabian TC, Waddle-Smith L, Melton SM, Minard G, Kudsk KA, Pritchard FE: Utility of Gram's stain and efficacy of quantitative cultures for posttraumatic pneumonia: a prospective study. Ann Surg 1998, 227:743-751.
    • (1998) Ann Surg , vol.227 , pp. 743-751
    • Croce, M.A.1    Fabian, T.C.2    Waddle-Smith, L.3    Melton, S.M.4    Minard, G.5    Kudsk, K.A.6    Pritchard, F.E.7
  • 86
    • 0037331521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscopic examination of intracellular organisms in protected bronchoalveolar mini-lavage fluid for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Sirvent JM, Vidaur L, Gonzalez S, Castro P, de Batlle J, Castro A, Bonet A: Microscopic examination of intracellular organisms in protected bronchoalveolar mini-lavage fluid for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2003, 123:518-523.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 518-523
    • Sirvent, J.M.1    Vidaur, L.2    Gonzalez, S.3    Castro, P.4    Batlle, J.5    Castro, A.6    Bonet, A.7
  • 87
    • 0035044373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of a strategy based on bronchoscopy with direct examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the initial antibiotic therapy of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Timsit JF, Cheval C, Gachot B, Bruneel F, Wolff M, Carlet J, Regnier B: Usefulness of a strategy based on bronchoscopy with direct examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the initial antibiotic therapy of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2001, 27:640-647.
    • (2001) Intensive Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 640-647
    • Timsit, J.F.1    Cheval, C.2    Gachot, B.3    Bruneel, F.4    Wolff, M.5    Carlet, J.6    Regnier, B.7
  • 88
    • 3242696737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blind and bronchoscopic sampling methods in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. A multicentre prospective study
    • Mentec H, May-Michelangeli L, Rabbat A, Varon E, Le Turdu F, Bleichner G: Blind and bronchoscopic sampling methods in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. A multicentre prospective study. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:1319-1326.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 1319-1326
    • Mentec, H.1    May-Michelangeli, L.2    Rabbat, A.3    Varon, E.4    Turdu, F.5    Bleichner, G.6
  • 90
    • 42449106921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of antibiotic therapy on the cytological diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Linssen CF, Jacobs JA, Schouten JS, van Mook WN, Ramsay G, Drent M: Influence of antibiotic therapy on the cytological diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2008, 34:865-872.
    • (2008) Intensive Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 865-872
    • Linssen, C.F.1    Jacobs, J.A.2    Schouten, J.S.3    Mook, W.N.4    Ramsay, G.5    Drent, M.6
  • 91
    • 79551527248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A European care bundle for management of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Rello J, Chastre J, Cornaglia G, Masterton R: A European care bundle for management of ventilator-associated pneumonia. J Crit Care 2011, 26:3-10.
    • (2011) J Crit Care , vol.26 , pp. 3-10
    • Rello, J.1    Chastre, J.2    Cornaglia, G.3    Masterton, R.4
  • 93
    • 40549133851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated pneumonia: impact of organisms on clinical resolution and medical resources utilization
    • Vidaur L, Planas K, Sierra R, Dimopoulos G, Ramirez A, Lisboa T, Rello J: Ventilator-associated pneumonia: impact of organisms on clinical resolution and medical resources utilization. Chest 2008, 133:625-632.
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , pp. 625-632
    • Vidaur, L.1    Planas, K.2    Sierra, R.3    Dimopoulos, G.4    Ramirez, A.5    Lisboa, T.6    Rello, J.7
  • 95
    • 84869210789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in lower respiratory tract secretions from patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia: evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert MRSA/SA SSTI assay
    • Cercenado E, Marin M, Burillo A, Martin-Rabadan P, Rivera M, Bouza E: Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in lower respiratory tract secretions from patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia: evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert MRSA/SA SSTI assay. J Clin Microbiol 2012, 50:4095-4097.
    • (2012) J Clin Microbiol , vol.50 , pp. 4095-4097
    • Cercenado, E.1    Marin, M.2    Burillo, A.3    Martin-Rabadan, P.4    Rivera, M.5    Bouza, E.6
  • 97
    • 84873874890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical utility of the Xpert MRSA assay for early detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    • Oh AC, Lee JK, Lee HN, Hong YJ, Chang YH, Hong SI, Kim DH: Clinical utility of the Xpert MRSA assay for early detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Mol Med Rep 2013, 7:11-15.
    • (2013) Mol Med Rep , vol.7 , pp. 11-15
    • Oh, A.C.1    Lee, J.K.2    Lee, H.N.3    Hong, Y.J.4    Chang, Y.H.5    Hong, S.I.6    Kim, D.H.7
  • 98
    • 79953771922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing molecular amplification methods for rapid diagnosis of respiratory tract infections caused by bacterial pathogens
    • Tenover FC: Developing molecular amplification methods for rapid diagnosis of respiratory tract infections caused by bacterial pathogens. Clin Infect Dis 2011, 52(Suppl 4):S338-S345.
    • (2011) Clin Infect Dis , vol.52 , pp. S338-S345
    • Tenover, F.C.1
  • 101
    • 33846409078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct E-test (AB Biodisk) of respiratory samples improves antimicrobial use in ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Bouza E, Torres MV, Radice C, Cercenado E, de Diego R, Sanchez-Carrillo C, Munoz P: Direct E-test (AB Biodisk) of respiratory samples improves antimicrobial use in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 44(3):382-387.
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 382-387
    • Bouza, E.1    Torres, M.V.2    Radice, C.3    Cercenado, E.4    Diego, R.5    Sanchez-Carrillo, C.6    Munoz, P.7
  • 102
    • 74549195034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of microorganism resistance in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Muñoz P, Cercenado E, Giannella M, Bouza E: Rapid detection of microorganism resistance in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Clin Pulm Med 2009, 16(6):302-308.
    • (2009) Clin Pulm Med , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 302-308
    • Muñoz, P.1    Cercenado, E.2    Giannella, M.3    Bouza, E.4
  • 103
    • 84924314588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of direct E-test on lower respiratory tract samples using a chromogenic agar medium: a rapid procedure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
    • (Abstract P822). Finland: Helsinki
    • Cercenado E, Marin M, Insa R, Martin-Rabadan P, Rivera M, Bouza E: Evaluation of direct E-test on lower respiratory tract samples using a chromogenic agar medium: a rapid procedure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. (Abstract P822). In 19th Congress of the ESCMID: 2009. Finland: Helsinki; 2009.
    • (2009) 19th Congress of the ESCMID: 2009.
    • Cercenado, E.1    Marin, M.2    Insa, R.3    Martin-Rabadan, P.4    Rivera, M.5    Bouza, E.6
  • 104
    • 37549027197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein correlates with bacterial load and appropriate antibiotic therapy in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Lisboa T, Seligman R, Diaz E, Rodriguez A, Teixeira PJ, Rello J: C-reactive protein correlates with bacterial load and appropriate antibiotic therapy in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:166-171.
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 166-171
    • Lisboa, T.1    Seligman, R.2    Diaz, E.3    Rodriguez, A.4    Teixeira, P.J.5    Rello, J.6
  • 107
    • 33847755676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreases in procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are strong predictors of survival in ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Seligman R, Meisner M, Lisboa TC, Hertz FT, Filippin TB, Fachel JM, Teixeira PJ: Decreases in procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are strong predictors of survival in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care 2006, 10:R125.
    • (2006) Crit Care , vol.10
    • Seligman, R.1    Meisner, M.2    Lisboa, T.C.3    Hertz, F.T.4    Filippin, T.B.5    Fachel, J.M.6    Teixeira, P.J.7
  • 109
    • 40649087642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of procalcitonin to shorten antibiotic treatment duration in septic patients: a randomized trial
    • Nobre V, Harbarth S, Graf JD, Rohner P, Pugin J: Use of procalcitonin to shorten antibiotic treatment duration in septic patients: a randomized trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008, 177:498-505.
    • (2008) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.177 , pp. 498-505
    • Nobre, V.1    Harbarth, S.2    Graf, J.D.3    Rohner, P.4    Pugin, J.5
  • 110
    • 44249126439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and procalcitonin concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a predictor of ventilator- associated pneumonia
    • Linssen CF, Bekers O, Drent M, Jacobs JA: C-reactive protein and procalcitonin concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a predictor of ventilator- associated pneumonia. Ann Clin Biochem 2008, 45:293-298.
    • (2008) Ann Clin Biochem , vol.45 , pp. 293-298
    • Linssen, C.F.1    Bekers, O.2    Drent, M.3    Jacobs, J.A.4
  • 111
    • 77951166665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and procalcitonin as predictors of survival and septic shock in ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Hillas G, Vassilakopoulos T, Plantza P, Rasidakis A, Bakakos P: C-reactive protein and procalcitonin as predictors of survival and septic shock in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2010, 35:805-811.
    • (2010) Eur Respir J , vol.35 , pp. 805-811
    • Hillas, G.1    Vassilakopoulos, T.2    Plantza, P.3    Rasidakis, A.4    Bakakos, P.5
  • 112
    • 33748434925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New diagnostic and prognostic markers of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Chastre J, Luyt CE, Trouillet JL, Combes A: New diagnostic and prognostic markers of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Curr Opin Crit Care 2006, 12:446-451.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.12 , pp. 446-451
    • Chastre, J.1    Luyt, C.E.2    Trouillet, J.L.3    Combes, A.4
  • 114
    • 79954986582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of the serum procalcitonin level to guide antimicrobial therapy for patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Luyt CE, Combes A, Trouillet JL, Chastre J: Value of the serum procalcitonin level to guide antimicrobial therapy for patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2011, 32:181-187.
    • (2011) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 181-187
    • Luyt, C.E.1    Combes, A.2    Trouillet, J.L.3    Chastre, J.4
  • 115
    • 80155184654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-course versus prolonged-course antibiotic therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill adults
    • Pugh R, Grant C, Cooke RP, Dempsey G: Short-course versus prolonged-course antibiotic therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011:CD007577.
    • (2011) Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • Pugh, R.1    Grant, C.2    Cooke, R.P.3    Dempsey, G.4
  • 116
    • 0014236336 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the usefulness of the examination of a gram smear of fresh uncentrifuged urine in the determination of significant bacteriuria in dogs
    • Goulden BE: Assessment of the usefulness of the examination of a gram smear of fresh uncentrifuged urine in the determination of significant bacteriuria in dogs. N Z Vet J 1968, 16:1-2.
    • (1968) N Z Vet J , vol.16 , pp. 1-2
    • Goulden, B.E.1
  • 117
    • 0016439271 scopus 로고
    • Comparative evaluation of the Limulus assay and the direct Gram stain for detection of significant bacteriuria
    • Jorgensen JH, Jones PM: Comparative evaluation of the Limulus assay and the direct Gram stain for detection of significant bacteriuria. Am J Clin Pathol 1975, 63:142-148.
    • (1975) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.63 , pp. 142-148
    • Jorgensen, J.H.1    Jones, P.M.2
  • 118
    • 0016592463 scopus 로고
    • Urine microscopy as an aid to detection of bacteriuria
    • Robins DG, Rogers KB, White RH, Osman MS: Urine microscopy as an aid to detection of bacteriuria. Lancet 1975, 1:476-478.
    • (1975) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 476-478
    • Robins, D.G.1    Rogers, K.B.2    White, R.H.3    Osman, M.S.4
  • 119
    • 0021689416 scopus 로고
    • Rapid screening of urine for significant bacteriuria by Gram stain, acridine orange stain, and the Autobac MTS system
    • Crout FV, Tilton RC: Rapid screening of urine for significant bacteriuria by Gram stain, acridine orange stain, and the Autobac MTS system. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1984, 2:179-186.
    • (1984) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.2 , pp. 179-186
    • Crout, F.V.1    Tilton, R.C.2
  • 120
    • 0018877447 scopus 로고
    • Automated direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing of microscopically screened urine cultures
    • Tilton RE, Tilton RC: Automated direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing of microscopically screened urine cultures. J Clin Microbiol 1980, 11:157-161.
    • (1980) J Clin Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 157-161
    • Tilton, R.E.1    Tilton, R.C.2
  • 121
    • 2342628711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections in adult patients
    • Wilson ML, Gaido L: Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections in adult patients. Clin Infect Dis 2004, 38:1150-1158.
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.38 , pp. 1150-1158
    • Wilson, M.L.1    Gaido, L.2
  • 122
    • 21244475983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value and cost utility analysis for urine Gram stain and urine microscopic examination as screening tests for urinary tract infection
    • Wiwanitkit V, Udomsantisuk N, Boonchalermvichian C: Diagnostic value and cost utility analysis for urine Gram stain and urine microscopic examination as screening tests for urinary tract infection. Urol Res 2005, 33:220-222.
    • (2005) Urol Res , vol.33 , pp. 220-222
    • Wiwanitkit, V.1    Udomsantisuk, N.2    Boonchalermvichian, C.3
  • 123
    • 77949549513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absolute and relative accuracy of rapid urine tests for urinary tract infection in children: a meta-analysis
    • Williams GJ, Macaskill P, Chan SF, Turner RM, Hodson E, Craig JC: Absolute and relative accuracy of rapid urine tests for urinary tract infection in children: a meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2010, 10:240-250.
    • (2010) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 240-250
    • Williams, G.J.1    Macaskill, P.2    Chan, S.F.3    Turner, R.M.4    Hodson, E.5    Craig, J.C.6
  • 124
    • 0017144779 scopus 로고
    • Microscopy of stained urine smears to determine the need for quantitative culture
    • Lewis JF, Alexander J: Microscopy of stained urine smears to determine the need for quantitative culture. J Clin Microbiol 1976, 4:372-374.
    • (1976) J Clin Microbiol , vol.4 , pp. 372-374
    • Lewis, J.F.1    Alexander, J.2
  • 125
    • 71049140093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct identification of bacteria in positive blood culture bottles by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry
    • La Scola B, Raoult D: Direct identification of bacteria in positive blood culture bottles by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2009, 4:e8041.
    • (2009) PLoS One , vol.4
    • Scola, B.1    Raoult, D.2
  • 126
    • 77951840052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time identification of bacteria and Candida species in positive blood culture broths by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry
    • Ferroni A, Suarez S, Beretti JL, Dauphin B, Bille E, Meyer J, Bougnoux ME, Alanio A, Berche P, Nassif X: Real-time identification of bacteria and Candida species in positive blood culture broths by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. J Clin Microbiol 2010, 48:1542-1548.
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 1542-1548
    • Ferroni, A.1    Suarez, S.2    Beretti, J.L.3    Dauphin, B.4    Bille, E.5    Meyer, J.6    Bougnoux, M.E.7    Alanio, A.8    Berche, P.9    Nassif, X.10
  • 128
    • 84873965016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct identification of bacteria causing urinary tract infections by combining matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry with UF-1000i urine flow cytometry
    • Wang XH, Zhang G, Fan YY, Yang X, Sui WJ, Lu XX: Direct identification of bacteria causing urinary tract infections by combining matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry with UF-1000i urine flow cytometry. J Microbiol Methods 2013, 92:231-235.
    • (2013) J Microbiol Methods , vol.92 , pp. 231-235
    • Wang, X.H.1    Zhang, G.2    Fan, Y.Y.3    Yang, X.4    Sui, W.J.5    Lu, X.X.6
  • 129
    • 84899504756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gram-stain plus MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry) for a rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection
    • Burillo A, Rodriguez-Sanchez B, Ramiro A, Cercenado E, Rodriguez-Creixems M, Bouza E: Gram-stain plus MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry) for a rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection. PLoS One 2014, 9:e86915.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9
    • Burillo, A.1    Rodriguez-Sanchez, B.2    Ramiro, A.3    Cercenado, E.4    Rodriguez-Creixems, M.5    Bouza, E.6
  • 130
    • 0028157478 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of direct and standardized testing of infected urine for antimicrobial susceptibilities by disk diffusion
    • Oakes AR, Badger R, Grove DI: Comparison of direct and standardized testing of infected urine for antimicrobial susceptibilities by disk diffusion. J Clin Microbiol 1994, 32:40-45.
    • (1994) J Clin Microbiol , vol.32 , pp. 40-45
    • Oakes, A.R.1    Badger, R.2    Grove, D.I.3
  • 131
    • 0019352553 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of direct and standardized antibiotic susceptibility testing in bacteriuria
    • Kallenius G, Dornbusch K, Hallander HO, Jakobsson K: Comparison of direct and standardized antibiotic susceptibility testing in bacteriuria. Chemother 1981, 27:99-105.
    • (1981) Chemother , vol.27 , pp. 99-105
    • Kallenius, G.1    Dornbusch, K.2    Hallander, H.O.3    Jakobsson, K.4
  • 132
    • 0022647549 scopus 로고
    • Rapid diagnosis of gram negative urinary infections: identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in 24 hours
    • Dupeyron CM, Guillemin GA, Leluan GJ: Rapid diagnosis of gram negative urinary infections: identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in 24 hours. J Clin Pathol 1986, 39:208-211.
    • (1986) J Clin Pathol , vol.39 , pp. 208-211
    • Dupeyron, C.M.1    Guillemin, G.A.2    Leluan, G.J.3
  • 133
    • 0029166880 scopus 로고
    • Direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing for acute urinary tract infections in women
    • Johnson JR, Tiu FS, Stamm WE: Direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing for acute urinary tract infections in women. J Clin Microbiol 1995, 33:2316-2323.
    • (1995) J Clin Microbiol , vol.33 , pp. 2316-2323
    • Johnson, J.R.1    Tiu, F.S.2    Stamm, W.E.3
  • 134
    • 0030006527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tentative direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing in urine
    • Gillenwater JY, Clark MM: Tentative direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing in urine. J Urol 1996, 156:149-153.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.156 , pp. 149-153
    • Gillenwater, J.Y.1    Clark, M.M.2
  • 135
    • 0032941145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing in bacteriuria
    • Bronnestam R: Direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing in bacteriuria. APMIS 1999, 107(4):437-444.
    • (1999) APMIS , vol.107 , Issue.4 , pp. 437-444
    • Bronnestam, R.1
  • 136
    • 80052428506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance and clinical significance of direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing on urine from hospitalized patients
    • Breteler KB, Rentenaar RJ, Verkaart G, Sturm PD: Performance and clinical significance of direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing on urine from hospitalized patients. Scand J Infect Dis 2011, 43:771-776.
    • (2011) Scand J Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 771-776
    • Breteler, K.B.1    Rentenaar, R.J.2    Verkaart, G.3    Sturm, P.D.4
  • 139
    • 62749094404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in wound specimens and blood cultures: multicenter preclinical evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert MRSA/SA skin and soft tissue and blood culture assays
    • Wolk DM, Struelens MJ, Pancholi P, Davis T, Della-Latta P, Fuller D, Picton E, Dickenson R, Denis O, Johnson D, Chapin K: Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in wound specimens and blood cultures: multicenter preclinical evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert MRSA/SA skin and soft tissue and blood culture assays. J Clin Microbiol 2009, 47:823-826.
    • (2009) J Clin Microbiol , vol.47 , pp. 823-826
    • Wolk, D.M.1    Struelens, M.J.2    Pancholi, P.3    Davis, T.4    Della-Latta, P.5    Fuller, D.6    Picton, E.7    Dickenson, R.8    Denis, O.9    Johnson, D.10    Chapin, K.11
  • 144
    • 0035262132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical microbiological case: a Nicaraguan woman with skin lesions on the left elbow and foot
    • Garcia-Lechuz Moya JM: Clinical microbiological case: a Nicaraguan woman with skin lesions on the left elbow and foot. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001, 7:84-87.
    • (2001) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.7 , pp. 84-87
    • Garcia-Lechuz Moya, J.M.1
  • 145
    • 84879442131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of a urine-based pneumococcal antigen test for diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Sinclair A, Xie X, Teltscher M, Dendukuri N: Systematic review and meta-analysis of a urine-based pneumococcal antigen test for diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol 2013, 51(7):2303-2310.
    • (2013) J Clin Microbiol , vol.51 , Issue.7 , pp. 2303-2310
    • Sinclair, A.1    Xie, X.2    Teltscher, M.3    Dendukuri, N.4
  • 146
    • 61649092225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of five commercial assays for the detection of Legionella pneumophila antigens in urine
    • de Ory F, Minguito T: Comparison of five commercial assays for the detection of Legionella pneumophila antigens in urine. Enferm Infec Microbiol Clin 2009, 27(2):81-84.
    • (2009) Enferm Infec Microbiol Clin , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 81-84
    • Ory, F.1    Minguito, T.2
  • 148
    • 78650406839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential impact of rapid diagnostic tests on improving antimicrobial use
    • Tenover FC: Potential impact of rapid diagnostic tests on improving antimicrobial use. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010, 1213:70-80.
    • (2010) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1213 , pp. 70-80
    • Tenover, F.C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.