메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 87, Issue , 2014, Pages 133-143

Role of statins in the treatment of multiple sclerosis

Author keywords

Combination therapy; Immunomodulatory effect; Multiple sclerosis; Neuroprotection; Randomized clinical trial; Statins

Indexed keywords

ATORVASTATIN; B7 ANTIGEN; BETA INTERFERON; BETA1A INTERFERON; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CD40 ANTIGEN; CD86 ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1; INTERFERON BETA SERINE; MEVINOLIN; PLACEBO; PRAVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; STAT4 PROTEIN; STAT6 PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR T BET; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTOR; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; CERIVASTATIN; COMPACTIN; FLUINDOSTATIN; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 17; INTERLEUKIN 21; INTERLEUKIN 22; INTERLEUKIN 4; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; PITAVASTATIN; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; ROSUVASTATIN; STAT1 PROTEIN; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 84907598207     PISSN: 10436618     EISSN: 10961186     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.03.004     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (41)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 0025120211 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the mevalonate pathway
    • 10.1038/343425a0
    • J.L. Goldstein, and M.S. Brown Regulation of the mevalonate pathway Nature 343 6257 1990 425 430 10.1038/343425a0
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , Issue.6257 , pp. 425-430
    • Goldstein, J.L.1    Brown, M.S.2
  • 2
    • 84862239765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent clinical studies of the effects of lipid-modifying therapies
    • 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.04.003
    • A.M. Gotto Jr., and J.E. Moon Recent clinical studies of the effects of lipid-modifying therapies Am J Cardiol 110 1 2012 15A 26A 10.1016/j.amjcard. 2012.04.003
    • (2012) Am J Cardiol , vol.110 , Issue.1
    • Gotto, Jr.A.M.1    Moon, J.E.2
  • 3
    • 84883337835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: The benefits outweigh the risks
    • 10.1097/HCO.0b013e32836429e6
    • C.M. Minder, R.S. Blumenthal, and M.J. Blaha Statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: the benefits outweigh the risks Curr Opin Cardiol 28 5 2013 554 560 10.1097/HCO.0b013e32836429e6
    • (2013) Curr Opin Cardiol , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 554-560
    • Minder, C.M.1    Blumenthal, R.S.2    Blaha, M.J.3
  • 4
    • 0029898894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein prenylation: Molecular mechanisms and functional consequences
    • 10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.001325
    • F.L. Zhang, and P.J. Casey Protein prenylation: molecular mechanisms and functional consequences Annu Rev Biochem 65 1996 241 269 10.1146/annurev.bi.65. 070196.001325
    • (1996) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.65 , pp. 241-269
    • Zhang, F.L.1    Casey, P.J.2
  • 7
    • 34248663226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of B cells in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1016/S0074-7742(07)79002-5
    • B. Nikbin, M.M. Bonab, F. Khosravi, and F. Talebian Role of B cells in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis Int Rev Neurobiol 79 2007 13 42 10.1016/S0074-7742(07)79002-5
    • (2007) Int Rev Neurobiol , vol.79 , pp. 13-42
    • Nikbin, B.1    Bonab, M.M.2    Khosravi, F.3    Talebian, F.4
  • 8
    • 33746729791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis via animal models: 70 years of merits and culprits in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis research
    • 10.1093/brain/awl075
    • R. Gold, C. Linington, and H. Lassmann Understanding pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis via animal models: 70 years of merits and culprits in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis research Brain 129 8 2006 1953 1971 10.1093/brain/awl075
    • (2006) Brain , vol.129 , Issue.8 , pp. 1953-1971
    • Gold, R.1    Linington, C.2    Lassmann, H.3
  • 9
    • 34848837386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking dendritic cells into medicine
    • 10.1038/nature06175
    • R.M. Steinman, and J. Banchereau Taking dendritic cells into medicine Nature 449 7161 2007 419 426 10.1038/nature06175
    • (2007) Nature , vol.449 , Issue.7161 , pp. 419-426
    • Steinman, R.M.1    Banchereau, J.2
  • 10
    • 84907597659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD40 ligand-dependent T cell activation: Requirement of B7-CD28 signaling and T cell activation through CD40
    • 10.1126/science.273.5283.1862
    • Y. Yang, and M. Wilson CD40 ligand-dependent T cell activation: requirement of B7-CD28 signaling and T cell activation through CD40 Nature 273 1996 1863 1864 10.1126/science.273.5283.1862
    • (1996) Nature , vol.273 , pp. 1863-1864
    • Yang, Y.1    Wilson, M.2
  • 11
    • 33645022328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis lesions: Maturation stage, myelin uptake, and interaction with proliferating T cells
    • 10.1097/01.jnen.0000199572.96472.1c
    • B. Serani, B. Rosicarelli, R. Magliozzi, E. Stigliano, E. Capello, and G.L. Mancardi et al. Dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis lesions: maturation stage, myelin uptake, and interaction with proliferating T cells J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 65 2 2006 124 141 10.1097/01.jnen.0000199572.96472.1c
    • (2006) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 124-141
    • Serani, B.1    Rosicarelli, B.2    Magliozzi, R.3    Stigliano, E.4    Capello, E.5    Mancardi, G.L.6
  • 12
    • 77954562817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of dendritic cells in CNS autoimmunity
    • 10.1007/s00109-010-0607-4
    • A.L. Zozulya, B.D. Clarkson, S. Ortler, Z. Fabry, and H. Wiendl The role of dendritic cells in CNS autoimmunity J Mol Med 88 6 2010 535 544 10.1007/s00109-010-0607-4
    • (2010) J Mol Med , vol.88 , Issue.6 , pp. 535-544
    • Zozulya, A.L.1    Clarkson, B.D.2    Ortler, S.3    Fabry, Z.4    Wiendl, H.5
  • 13
    • 84856228274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1016/j.clim.2011.03.004
    • M. Comabella, and S.J. Khoury Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis Clin Immunol 142 1 2012 2 8 10.1016/j.clim.2011.03.004
    • (2012) Clin Immunol , vol.142 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-8
    • Comabella, M.1    Khoury, S.J.2
  • 14
    • 79952998957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic aspects of multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1002/msj.20249
    • S. Boppana, H. Huang, K. Ito, and S. Dhib-Jalbut Immunologic aspects of multiple sclerosis Mt Sinai J Med 78 2 2011 207 220 10.1002/msj.20249
    • (2011) Mt Sinai J Med , vol.78 , Issue.2 , pp. 207-220
    • Boppana, S.1    Huang, H.2    Ito, K.3    Dhib-Jalbut, S.4
  • 15
    • 33644607018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple Sclerosis - The plaques and its pathogenesis
    • 10.1056/NEJMra052130
    • E.M. Frohman, M.K. Racke, and C.S. Raine Multiple Sclerosis - the plaques and its pathogenesis N Engl J Med 354 9 2006 942 955 10.1056/NEJMra052130
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.9 , pp. 942-955
    • Frohman, E.M.1    Racke, M.K.2    Raine, C.S.3
  • 16
    • 0036943329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of signaling via the very late antigen (VLA-4) and its counterligand vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) causes increased T cell apoptosis in experimental autoimmune neuritis
    • 10.1007/s004010100444
    • V.I. Leussink, U.K. Zettl, S. Jander, R.B. Pepinsky, R.R. Lobb, and G. Stoll et al. Blockade of signaling via the very late antigen (VLA-4) and its counterligand vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) causes increased T cell apoptosis in experimental autoimmune neuritis Acta Neuropathol 103 2 2002 131 136 10.1007/s004010100444
    • (2002) Acta Neuropathol , vol.103 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-136
    • Leussink, V.I.1    Zettl, U.K.2    Jander, S.3    Pepinsky, R.B.4    Lobb, R.R.5    Stoll, G.6
  • 17
    • 70350052626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preferential recruitment of interferon-gamma expressing TH17 cells in multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1002/ana.21748
    • H. Kebir, I. Ifergan, J.I. Alvarez, M. Bernard, J. Poirier, and N. Arbour et al. Preferential recruitment of interferon-gamma expressing TH17 cells in multiple sclerosis Ann Neurol 66 3 2009 390 402 10.1002/ana.21748
    • (2009) Ann Neurol , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 390-402
    • Kebir, H.1    Ifergan, I.2    Alvarez, J.I.3    Bernard, M.4    Poirier, J.5    Arbour, N.6
  • 18
    • 0034533147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins as a newly recognized type of immunomodulator
    • 10.1038/82219
    • B. Kwak, S. Mulhaupt, S. Myit, and F. Mach Statins as a newly recognized type of immunomodulator Nat Med 6 12 2000 1399 1402 10.1038/82219
    • (2000) Nat Med , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 1399-1402
    • Kwak, B.1    Mulhaupt, S.2    Myit, S.3    Mach, F.4
  • 19
    • 0037038402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, promotes a Th2 bias and reverses paralysis in central nervous system autoimmune disease
    • 10.1038/nature01158
    • S. Youssef, O. Stuve, J.C. Patarroyo, P.J. Ruiz, J.L. Radosevich, and E.M. Hur et al. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, promotes a Th2 bias and reverses paralysis in central nervous system autoimmune disease Nature 420 6911 2002 78 84 10.1038/nature01158
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , Issue.6911 , pp. 78-84
    • Youssef, S.1    Stuve, O.2    Patarroyo, J.C.3    Ruiz, P.J.4    Radosevich, J.L.5    Hur, E.M.6
  • 20
    • 33748110965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulatory effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors, potential therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1016/j/jneuroim.2006.06.005
    • X. Peng, J. Jin, S. Giri, M. Montes, D. Sujkowski, and Y. Tang et al. Immunomodulatory effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors, potential therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis J Neuroimmunol 178 1-2 2006 130 139 10.1016/j/jneuroim.2006.06.005
    • (2006) J Neuroimmunol , vol.178 , Issue.12 , pp. 130-139
    • Peng, X.1    Jin, J.2    Giri, S.3    Montes, M.4    Sujkowski, D.5    Tang, Y.6
  • 21
    • 33747331166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin inhibits interferon-γ-induced MHC class II up-regulation in cultured astrocytes
    • 10.1186/1742-2094-3-16
    • E. Zeinstra, N. Wilczak, D. Chesik, L. Glazenburg, F.G. Kroese, and J. De Keyser Simvastatin inhibits interferon-γ-induced MHC class II up-regulation in cultured astrocytes J Neuroinflamm 3 2006 6 10.1186/1742-2094-3-16
    • (2006) J Neuroinflamm , vol.3 , pp. 6
    • Zeinstra, E.1    Wilczak, N.2    Chesik, D.3    Glazenburg, L.4    Kroese, F.G.5    De Keyser, J.6
  • 22
    • 10344253817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin inhibits autoreactive B cell activation and delays lupus development in New Zealand black/white F1 mice
    • S. Lawman, C. Maur, E.C. Jury, H.T. Cook, and M.R. Eherenstein Atorvastatin inhibits autoreactive B cell activation and delays lupus development in New Zealand black/white F1 mice J Immunol 173 12 2004 7641 7646
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.173 , Issue.12 , pp. 7641-7646
    • Lawman, S.1    Maur, C.2    Jury, E.C.3    Cook, H.T.4    Eherenstein, M.R.5
  • 23
    • 21544482024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins affect cell-surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules by disrupting cholesterol-containing microdomains
    • 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.04.004
    • H.F. Kuipers, P.J. Biesta, T.A. Groothuis, J.J. Neefjes, A.M. Mommaas, and P.J. Van den Elsen Statins affect cell-surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules by disrupting cholesterol- containing microdomains Hum Immunol 66 6 2005 653 665 10.1016/j.humimm.2005.04. 004
    • (2005) Hum Immunol , vol.66 , Issue.6 , pp. 653-665
    • Kuipers, H.F.1    Biesta, P.J.2    Groothuis, T.A.3    Neefjes, J.J.4    Mommaas, A.M.5    Van Den Elsen, P.J.6
  • 24
    • 9144222216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors suppress maturation of human dendritic cells: New implications for atherosclerosis
    • 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.10.002
    • A. Yilmaz, C. Reiss, O. Tantawi, A. Weng, C. Stumpf, and D. Raaz et al. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors suppress maturation of human dendritic cells: new implications for atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis 172 1 2004 85 93 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.10.002
    • (2004) Atherosclerosis , vol.172 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-93
    • Yilmaz, A.1    Reiss, C.2    Tantawi, O.3    Weng, A.4    Stumpf, C.5    Raaz, D.6
  • 25
    • 33646096764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of statins on relevant functions of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells
    • 10.1189/jlb.0205064
    • A. Yilmaz, C. Reiss, A. Weng, I. Cicha, C. Stumpf, and A. Steinkasserer et al. Differential effects of statins on relevant functions of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells J Leukoc Biol 79 3 2006 529 538 10.1189/jlb.0205064
    • (2006) J Leukoc Biol , vol.79 , Issue.3 , pp. 529-538
    • Yilmaz, A.1    Reiss, C.2    Weng, A.3    Cicha, I.4    Stumpf, C.5    Steinkasserer, A.6
  • 26
    • 84872496737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin inhibits secretion of Th17-polarizing cytokines and antigen presentation by DCs in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1002/eji.201242566
    • X. Zhang, Y. Tao, J. Wang, R. Garcia-Mata, and S. Markovic-Plese Simvastatin inhibits secretion of Th17-polarizing cytokines and antigen presentation by DCs in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis Eur J Immunol 43 1 2013 281 289 10.1002/eji.201242566
    • (2013) Eur J Immunol , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 281-289
    • Zhang, X.1    Tao, Y.2    Wang, J.3    Garcia-Mata, R.4    Markovic-Plese, S.5
  • 27
    • 77956225638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulatory effects of IFN-β and lovastatin on immunophenotype of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1007/s00005-010-0084-z
    • H. Bartosik-Psujek, J. Tabarkiewicz, K. Pocinska, S. Radej, Z. Stelmasiak, and J. Rolinski Immunomodulatory effects of IFN-β and lovastatin on immunophenotype of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis Arch Immunol Ther Exp 58 4 2010 313 319 10.1007/s00005-010-0084-z
    • (2010) Arch Immunol Ther Exp , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-319
    • Bartosik-Psujek, H.1    Tabarkiewicz, J.2    Pocinska, K.3    Radej, S.4    Stelmasiak, Z.5    Rolinski, J.6
  • 28
    • 1642454666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential targets 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor for multiple sclerosis therapy
    • N. Nath, S. Giri, R. Prasad, A.K. Singh, and I. Singh Potential targets 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor for multiple sclerosis therapy J Immunol 172 2 2004 1273 1286
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.172 , Issue.2 , pp. 1273-1286
    • Nath, N.1    Giri, S.2    Prasad, R.3    Singh, A.K.4    Singh, I.5
  • 29
    • 33344475402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoprenoid determine Th1/Th2 fate in pathogenic T cells, providing a mechanism of modulation of autoimmunity by atorvastatin
    • 10.1084/jem.20051129
    • S.E. Dunn, S. Youssef, M.J. Goldstein, T. Prod'homme, M.S. Weber, and S.S. Zamvil et al. Isoprenoid determine Th1/Th2 fate in pathogenic T cells, providing a mechanism of modulation of autoimmunity by atorvastatin J Exp Med 203 2 2006 401 412 10.1084/jem.20051129
    • (2006) J Exp Med , vol.203 , Issue.2 , pp. 401-412
    • Dunn, S.E.1    Youssef, S.2    Goldstein, M.J.3    Prod'Homme, T.4    Weber, M.S.5    Zamvil, S.S.6
  • 30
    • 0344013648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase reduces Th1 development promotes Th2 development
    • 10.1161/01.RE.S.0000101298.76864.14
    • R. Hakamada-Taguchi, Y. Uehara, K. Kuribayashi, A. Numabe, K. Saito, and H. Negoro et al. Inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase reduces Th1 development promotes Th2 development Circ Res 93 10 2003 948 956 10.1161/01.RE.S.0000101298.76864.14
    • (2003) Circ Res , vol.93 , Issue.10 , pp. 948-956
    • Hakamada-Taguchi, R.1    Uehara, Y.2    Kuribayashi, K.3    Numabe, A.4    Saito, K.5    Negoro, H.6
  • 31
    • 33846799366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis with atorvastatin and lovastatin
    • 10.1016/j.exer.2006.11.011
    • H. Kohno, T. Sakai, S. Saito, K. Okano, and K. Kitahara Treatment of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis with atorvastatin and lovastatin Exp Eye Res 84 3 2007 569 576 10.1016/j.exer.2006.11.011
    • (2007) Exp Eye Res , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 569-576
    • Kohno, H.1    Sakai, T.2    Saito, S.3    Okano, K.4    Kitahara, K.5
  • 32
    • 13544255743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of autoimmune retinal disease by lovastatin does not require Th2 cytokine induction
    • M.E. Gegg, R. Harry, D. Hankey, H. Zambarakji, G. Pryce, and D. Baker et al. Suppression of autoimmune retinal disease by lovastatin does not require Th2 cytokine induction J Immunol 174 4 2005 2327 2335
    • (2005) J Immunol , vol.174 , Issue.4 , pp. 2327-2335
    • Gegg, M.E.1    Harry, R.2    Hankey, D.3    Zambarakji, H.4    Pryce, G.5    Baker, D.6
  • 33
    • 80054934482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting toll-like receptor: Emerging therapeutics for multiple sclerosis management
    • 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.08.010
    • M. Gambuzza, N. Licata, E. Palella, D. Celi, V. Foti Cuzzola, and D. Italiano et al. Targeting toll-like receptor: emerging therapeutics for multiple sclerosis management J Neuroimmunol 239 1-2 2011 1 12 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011. 08.010
    • (2011) J Neuroimmunol , vol.239 , Issue.12 , pp. 1-12
    • Gambuzza, M.1    Licata, N.2    Palella, E.3    Celi, D.4    Foti Cuzzola, V.5    Italiano, D.6
  • 34
    • 81155124445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins amplify TLR-induced responses in microglia via inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis
    • 10.1002/glia.21245
    • C. Van Der Putten, H.F. Kuipers, E.A. Zuiderwijk-Sick, L. Van Straalen, P.J. Van Den Elsen, and I. Kondova et al. Statins amplify TLR-induced responses in microglia via inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis Glia 60 1 2012 43 52 10.1002/glia.21245
    • (2012) Glia , vol.60 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-52
    • Van Der Putten, C.1    Kuipers, H.F.2    Zuiderwijk-Sick, E.A.3    Van Straalen, L.4    Van Den Elsen, P.J.5    Kondova, I.6
  • 35
    • 2942567910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin augments lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory responses in macrophages by differential regulation of the c-Fos and c-Jun transcription factors
    • M. Matsumoto, D. Einhaus, E.S. Gold, and A. Aderem Simvastatin augments lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory responses in macrophages by differential regulation of the c-Fos and c-Jun transcription factors J Immunol 172 12 2004 7377 7384
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.172 , Issue.12 , pp. 7377-7384
    • Matsumoto, M.1    Einhaus, D.2    Gold, E.S.3    Aderem, A.4
  • 36
    • 38849198745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins enhance Toll-like receptor 4-mediated cytokine gene expression in astrocytes: Implication of Rho proteins in negative feedback regulation
    • 10.1002/jnr.21509
    • G.W. Konat, A. Krasowska-Zoladek, and M. Kraszpulski Statins enhance Toll-like receptor 4-mediated cytokine gene expression in astrocytes: implication of Rho proteins in negative feedback regulation J Neurosci Res 86 3 2008 603 609 10.1002/jnr.21509
    • (2008) J Neurosci Res , vol.86 , Issue.3 , pp. 603-609
    • Konat, G.W.1    Krasowska-Zoladek, A.2    Kraszpulski, M.3
  • 37
    • 80053070199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + T cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis
    • 10.4049/jimmunol.1100580
    • + T cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis J Immunol 187 6 2011 3431 3437 10.4049/jimmunol.1100580
    • (2011) J Immunol , vol.187 , Issue.6 , pp. 3431-3437
    • Zhang, X.1    Tao, Y.2    Troiani, L.3    Markovic-Plese, S.4
  • 39
    • 84864560011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of suppressors of cytokine signaling as a therapeutic approach in autoimmune diseases, with an emphasis on multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1155/2011/635721
    • V.S. Ramgolam, and S. Markovic-Plese Regulation of suppressors of cytokine signaling as a therapeutic approach in autoimmune diseases, with an emphasis on multiple sclerosis J Signal Transduct 2011 2011 635721 10.1155/2011/635721
    • (2011) J Signal Transduct , vol.2011 , pp. 635721
    • Ramgolam, V.S.1    Markovic-Plese, S.2
  • 40
    • 23844524089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular protein therapy with SOCS3 inhibits inflammation and apoptosis
    • 10.1038/nm1269
    • D. Jo, D. Liu, S. Yao, R.D. Collins, and J. Hawiger Intracellular protein therapy with SOCS3 inhibits inflammation and apoptosis Nat Med 11 8 2005 892 898 10.1038/nm1269
    • (2005) Nat Med , vol.11 , Issue.8 , pp. 892-898
    • Jo, D.1    Liu, D.2    Yao, S.3    Collins, R.D.4    Hawiger, J.5
  • 41
    • 0034948339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site
    • 10.1038/89058
    • G. Weitz-Schmidt, K. Welzenbach, V. Brinkmann, T. Kamata, J. Kallen, and C. Bruns et al. Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site Nat Med 7 6 2001 687 692 10.1038/89058
    • (2001) Nat Med , vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp. 687-692
    • Weitz-Schmidt, G.1    Welzenbach, K.2    Brinkmann, V.3    Kamata, T.4    Kallen, J.5    Bruns, C.6
  • 42
    • 0030838319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors decrease CD11b expression and CD11b-dependent adhesion of monocytes isolated from patients with hypercholesterolemia
    • 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00324-0
    • C. Weber, W. Erl, K.S. Weber, and P.C. Weber HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors decrease CD11b expression and CD11b-dependent adhesion of monocytes isolated from patients with hypercholesterolemia J Am Coll Cardiol 30 5 1997 1212 1217 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00324-0
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 1212-1217
    • Weber, C.1    Erl, W.2    Weber, K.S.3    Weber, P.C.4
  • 43
    • 0037207278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statin inhibits interferon-gamma-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells
    • 10.1038/emm.2002.63
    • H.K. Chung, I.K. Lee, H. Kang, J.M. Suh, H. Kim, and K.C. Park et al. Statin inhibits interferon-gamma-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells Exp Mol Med 34 6 2002 451 461 10.1038/emm.2002.63
    • (2002) Exp Mol Med , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 451-461
    • Chung, H.K.1    Lee, I.K.2    Kang, H.3    Suh, J.M.4    Kim, H.5    Park, K.C.6
  • 44
    • 20844460951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of preexisting statin use on expression of C-reactive protein, adhesion molecules, interleukin-6, and antioxidized low-density lipoprotein antibody in patients with unstable angina undergoing coronary stenting
    • Y.C. Doo, S.J. Han, S.W. Han, W.J. Park, S.H. Choi, and G.Y. Cho et al. Effect of preexisting statin use on expression of C-reactive protein, adhesion molecules, interleukin-6, and antioxidized low-density lipoprotein antibody in patients with unstable angina undergoing coronary stenting Clin Cardiol 28 2 2005 72 76
    • (2005) Clin Cardiol , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 72-76
    • Doo, Y.C.1    Han, S.J.2    Han, S.W.3    Park, W.J.4    Choi, S.H.5    Cho, G.Y.6
  • 45
    • 21344437272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3 kinase-Akt (protein kinase B)-nuclear factor-kappa B pathway by lovastatin limits endothelial-monocyte cell interaction
    • 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03182.x
    • R. Prasad, S. Giri, N. Nath, I. Singh, and A.K. Singh Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3 kinase-Akt (protein kinase B)-nuclear factor-kappa B pathway by lovastatin limits endothelial-monocyte cell interaction J Neurochem 94 1 2005 204 214 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03182.x
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.94 , Issue.1 , pp. 204-214
    • Prasad, R.1    Giri, S.2    Nath, N.3    Singh, I.4    Singh, A.K.5
  • 46
    • 0034978984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins suppress THP-1 cell migration and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 by inhibiting geranylgeranylation
    • B. Wong, W.C. Lumma, A.M. Smith, J.T. Sisko, S.D. Wright, and T.Q. Cai Statins suppress THP-1 cell migration and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 by inhibiting geranylgeranylation J Leukoc Biol 69 6 2001 959 962
    • (2001) J Leukoc Biol , vol.69 , Issue.6 , pp. 959-962
    • Wong, B.1    Lumma, W.C.2    Smith, A.M.3    Sisko, J.T.4    Wright, S.D.5    Cai, T.Q.6
  • 47
    • 0033793763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerivastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, inhibits urokinase/urokinase-receptor expression and MMP-9 secretion by peripheral blood monocytes - A possible protective mechanism against atherothrombosis
    • F. Ganne, M. Vasse, J.L. Beaudeux, J. Peynet, A. Francois, and Z. Mishal et al. Cerivastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, inhibits urokinase/urokinase-receptor expression and MMP-9 secretion by peripheral blood monocytes - a possible protective mechanism against atherothrombosis Thromb Haemost 84 4 2000 680 688
    • (2000) Thromb Haemost , vol.84 , Issue.4 , pp. 680-688
    • Ganne, F.1    Vasse, M.2    Beaudeux, J.L.3    Peynet, J.4    Francois, A.5    Mishal, Z.6
  • 48
    • 0032576752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1056/NEJM199801293380502
    • B.D. Trapp, J. Peterson, R.M. Ransohoff, R. Rudick, S. Mörk, and L. Bö Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis N Engl J Med 338 5 1998 278 285 10.1056/NEJM199801293380502
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , Issue.5 , pp. 278-285
    • Trapp, B.D.1    Peterson, J.2    Ransohoff, R.M.3    Rudick, R.4    Mörk, S.5    Bö, L.6
  • 49
    • 0037106148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progenitor cells derived from the adult human subcortical white matter disperse and differentiate as oligodendrocytes within demyelinated lesions of the art brain
    • 10.1002/jnr.10397
    • M.S. Windrem, N.S. Roy, J. Wang, M. Nunes, A. Benraiss, and R. Goodman et al. Progenitor cells derived from the adult human subcortical white matter disperse and differentiate as oligodendrocytes within demyelinated lesions of the art brain J Neurosci Res 69 6 2002 966 975 10.1002/jnr.10397
    • (2002) J Neurosci Res , vol.69 , Issue.6 , pp. 966-975
    • Windrem, M.S.1    Roy, N.S.2    Wang, J.3    Nunes, M.4    Benraiss, A.5    Goodman, R.6
  • 50
    • 24644456862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor augments survival and differentiation of oligodendrocytes progenitors in animal model of multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1096/fj.05-3861com
    • A.S. Paintlia, M.K. Paintlia, M. Khan, T. Vollmer, A.K. Singh, and I. Singh HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor augments survival and differentiation of oligodendrocytes progenitors in animal model of multiple sclerosis FASEB J 19 11 2005 1407 1421 10.1096/fj.05-3861com
    • (2005) FASEB J , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 1407-1421
    • Paintlia, A.S.1    Paintlia, M.K.2    Khan, M.3    Vollmer, T.4    Singh, A.K.5    Singh, I.6
  • 51
    • 42449112111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of rho family functions by lovastatin promotes myelin repair in ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • 10.1124/mol.107.044230
    • A.S. Paintlia, M.K. Paintlia, A.K. Singh, and I. Singh Inhibition of rho family functions by lovastatin promotes myelin repair in ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Mol Pharmacol 73 5 2008 1381 1393 10.1124/mol.107.044230
    • (2008) Mol Pharmacol , vol.73 , Issue.5 , pp. 1381-1393
    • Paintlia, A.S.1    Paintlia, M.K.2    Singh, A.K.3    Singh, I.4
  • 52
    • 33845957115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin regulates oligodendroglial process dynamics and survival
    • 10.1002/glia.20441
    • V.E. Miron, S. Rajasekharan, A.A. Jarjour, S.S. Zamvil, T.E. Kennedy, and J.P. Antel Simvastatin regulates oligodendroglial process dynamics and survival Glia 55 2 2007 130 143 10.1002/glia.20441
    • (2007) Glia , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 130-143
    • Miron, V.E.1    Rajasekharan, S.2    Jarjour, A.A.3    Zamvil, S.S.4    Kennedy, T.E.5    Antel, J.P.6
  • 53
    • 51349103902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statin treatment of adult human glial progenitors induces PPAR gamma-mediated oligodendrocytic differentiation
    • 10.1002/glia.20669
    • F.J. Sim, J.K. Lang, T.A. Ali, N.S. Roy, G.E. Vates, and W.H. Pilcher et al. Statin treatment of adult human glial progenitors induces PPAR gamma-mediated oligodendrocytic differentiation Glia 56 9 2008 954 962 10.1002/glia.20669
    • (2008) Glia , vol.56 , Issue.9 , pp. 954-962
    • Sim, F.J.1    Lang, J.K.2    Ali, T.A.3    Roy, N.S.4    Vates, G.E.5    Pilcher, W.H.6
  • 54
    • 58149377174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative impact of statins on oligodendrocytes and myelin formation in vitro and in vivo
    • 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2765-08.2008
    • S. Klopfleisch, D. Merkler, M. Schmitz, S. Kloppner, M. Schedensack, and G. Jeserich et al. Negative impact of statins on oligodendrocytes and myelin formation in vitro and in vivo J Neurosci 28 50 2008 13609 13614 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2765-08.2008
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , Issue.50 , pp. 13609-13614
    • Klopfleisch, S.1    Merkler, D.2    Schmitz, M.3    Kloppner, S.4    Schedensack, M.5    Jeserich, G.6
  • 55
    • 65649133589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statin therapy inhibits remyelination in the central nervous system
    • 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080947
    • V.E. Miron, S.P. Zehntner, T. Kuhlmann, S.K. Ludwin, T. Owens, and T.E. Kennedy et al. Statin therapy inhibits remyelination in the central nervous system Am J Pathol 174 5 2009 1880 1890 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080947
    • (2009) Am J Pathol , vol.174 , Issue.5 , pp. 1880-1890
    • Miron, V.E.1    Zehntner, S.P.2    Kuhlmann, T.3    Ludwin, S.K.4    Owens, T.5    Kennedy, T.E.6
  • 56
    • 78349243590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of PPAR-γ and PTEN cascade participates in lovastatin-mediated accelerated differentiation of oligodendrocytes progenitor cells
    • 10.1002/glia.21039
    • A.S. Paintlia, M.K. Paintlia, A.K. Singh, and I. Singh Activation of PPAR-γ and PTEN cascade participates in lovastatin-mediated accelerated differentiation of oligodendrocytes progenitor cells Glia 58 14 2010 1669 1685 10.1002/glia.21039
    • (2010) Glia , vol.58 , Issue.14 , pp. 1669-1685
    • Paintlia, A.S.1    Paintlia, M.K.2    Singh, A.K.3    Singh, I.4
  • 57
    • 84880812102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of Rho-Rock signaling pathway protects oligodendrocytes against cytokine toxicity via PPAR-α- dependent mechanism
    • 10.1002/glia.22537
    • A.S. Paintlia, M.K. Paintlia, A.K. Singh, and I. Singh Modulation of Rho-Rock signaling pathway protects oligodendrocytes against cytokine toxicity via PPAR-α- dependent mechanism Glia 61 9 2013 1500 1517 10.1002/glia.22537
    • (2013) Glia , vol.61 , Issue.9 , pp. 1500-1517
    • Paintlia, A.S.1    Paintlia, M.K.2    Singh, A.K.3    Singh, I.4
  • 58
    • 79551645701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic activity of interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α enhance oxidative stress-mediated oligodendrocyte apoptosis
    • 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07136.x
    • A.S. Paintlia, M.K. Paintlia, A.K. Singh, and I. Singh Synergistic activity of interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α enhance oxidative stress-mediated oligodendrocyte apoptosis J Neurochem 116 4 2011 508 521 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07136.x
    • (2011) J Neurochem , vol.116 , Issue.4 , pp. 508-521
    • Paintlia, A.S.1    Paintlia, M.K.2    Singh, A.K.3    Singh, I.4
  • 59
    • 33847631663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of T helper cells in neuroprotection and regeneration
    • 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.11.019
    • S. Hendrix, and R. Nitsch The role of T helper cells in neuroprotection and regeneration J Neuroimmunol 184 1-2 2007 100 112 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.11. 019
    • (2007) J Neuroimmunol , vol.184 , Issue.12 , pp. 100-112
    • Hendrix, S.1    Nitsch, R.2
  • 60
    • 84907598638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-4-induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation in central nervous system (CNS) glial cells and protects oligodendrocyte progenitors under neuroinflammatory disease conditions: Implication for CNS-demyelinating diseases
    • A.S. Paintlia, M.K. Paintlia, I. Singh, and A.K. Singh IL-4-induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation in central nervous system (CNS) glial cells and protects oligodendrocyte progenitors under neuroinflammatory disease conditions: implication for CNS-demyelinating diseases J Immunol 176 7 2006 4285 4298
    • (2006) J Immunol , vol.176 , Issue.7 , pp. 4285-4298
    • Paintlia, A.S.1    Paintlia, M.K.2    Singh, I.3    Singh, A.K.4
  • 61
    • 0031438501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lovastatin and phenylacetate inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase and cytokines in rat primary astrocytes, microglia, and macrophages
    • 10.1172/JCI119812
    • K. Pahan, F.G. Sheikh, A.M. Nambbodiri, and I. Singh Lovastatin and phenylacetate inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase and cytokines in rat primary astrocytes, microglia, and macrophages J Clin Invest 100 11 1997 2671 2679 10.1172/JCI119812
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , Issue.11 , pp. 2671-2679
    • Pahan, K.1    Sheikh, F.G.2    Nambbodiri, A.M.3    Singh, I.4
  • 63
    • 20144385721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of atorvastatin against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary cortical neurons
    • 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02980.x
    • J. Bosel, F. Gandor, C. Harms, M. Synowitz, U. Harms, and P.C. Djoufack et al. Neuroprotective effects of atorvastatin against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary cortical neurons J Neurochem 92 6 2005 1386 1398 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02980.x
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.92 , Issue.6 , pp. 1386-1398
    • Bosel, J.1    Gandor, F.2    Harms, C.3    Synowitz, M.4    Harms, U.5    Djoufack, P.C.6
  • 64
    • 39149103724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin-mediated up-regulation of VEGF and BDNF, activation of PI3K/Akt pathways, and increase of neurogenesis are associated with therapeutic improvement after traumatic brain injury
    • 10.1089/neu.2007.0369
    • H. Wu, D. Lu, H. Jiang, Y. Xiong, C. Qu, and B. Li et al. Simvastatin-mediated up-regulation of VEGF and BDNF, activation of PI3K/Akt pathways, and increase of neurogenesis are associated with therapeutic improvement after traumatic brain injury J Neurotrauma 25 2 2008 130 139 10.1089/neu.2007.0369
    • (2008) J Neurotrauma , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 130-139
    • Wu, H.1    Lu, D.2    Jiang, H.3    Xiong, Y.4    Qu, C.5    Li, B.6
  • 65
    • 33751584846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins induce differentiation and cell death in neurons and astroglia
    • 10.1002/glia.20422
    • P. Marz, U. Otten, and A.R. Miserez Statins induce differentiation and cell death in neurons and astroglia Glia 55 1 2007 1 12 10.1002/glia.20422
    • (2007) Glia , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-12
    • Marz, P.1    Otten, U.2    Miserez, A.R.3
  • 66
    • 1842510494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HMG-CoA reductase inhibition causes neurite loss by interfering with geranylgeranylpyrophosphate synthesis
    • 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02305.x
    • J.G. Schulz, J. Bosel, M. Stoeckel, D. Megow, U. Dirnagl, and M. Endres HMG-CoA reductase inhibition causes neurite loss by interfering with geranylgeranylpyrophosphate synthesis J Neurochem 89 1 2004 24 32 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02305.x
    • (2004) J Neurochem , vol.89 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-32
    • Schulz, J.G.1    Bosel, J.2    Stoeckel, M.3    Megow, D.4    Dirnagl, U.5    Endres, M.6
  • 67
    • 57449087848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin induces cell death in a mouse cerebellar slice culture (CSC) model of developmental myelination
    • 10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.09.010
    • Z. Xiang, and S.A. Reeves Simvastatin induces cell death in a mouse cerebellar slice culture (CSC) model of developmental myelination Exp Neurol 215 1 2009 41 47 10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.09.010
    • (2009) Exp Neurol , vol.215 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-47
    • Xiang, Z.1    Reeves, S.A.2
  • 68
    • 0038458863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic potential of lovastatin in multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1007/s00415-003-1070-8
    • A. Sena, R. Pedrosa, and M. Graca Morais Therapeutic potential of lovastatin in multiple sclerosis J Neurol 250 6 2003 754 755 10.1007/s00415-003-1070-8
    • (2003) J Neurol , vol.250 , Issue.6 , pp. 754-755
    • Sena, A.1    Pedrosa, R.2    Graca Morais, M.3
  • 69
    • 2442561768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral simvastatin treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    • T. Vollmer, L. Key, V. Durkalski, W. Tyor, J. Corboy, and S. Markovic-Plese et al. Oral simvastatin treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Lancet 363 9421 2004 1607 1608
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , Issue.9421 , pp. 1607-1608
    • Vollmer, T.1    Key, L.2    Durkalski, V.3    Tyor, W.4    Corboy, J.5    Markovic-Plese, S.6
  • 70
    • 56549086423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining beta interferon and atorvastatin may increase disease activity in multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1212/01.wnl.0000319698.40024.1c
    • G. Birnbaum, B. Cree, I. Altafullah, M. Zinser, and A.T. Reder Combining beta interferon and atorvastatin may increase disease activity in multiple sclerosis Neurology 71 18 2008 1390 1395 10.1212/01.wnl.0000319698.40024.1c
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.71 , Issue.18 , pp. 1390-1395
    • Birnbaum, G.1    Cree, B.2    Altafullah, I.3    Zinser, M.4    Reder, A.T.5
  • 71
    • 45849137448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of interferon-beta and atorvastatin on Th1/Th2 cytokines in multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.04.004
    • J. Sellner, I. Greeve, O. Findling, C.P. Kamm, C. Minten, and B. Engelhardt et al. Effect of interferon-beta and atorvastatin on Th1/Th2 cytokines in multiple sclerosis Neurochem Int 53 1-2 2008 17 21 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.04.004
    • (2008) Neurochem Int , vol.53 , Issue.12 , pp. 17-21
    • Sellner, J.1    Greeve, I.2    Findling, O.3    Kamm, C.P.4    Minten, C.5    Engelhardt, B.6
  • 72
    • 84867352003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of interferon-beta responses in multiple sclerosis immune cells associated with high-dose statins
    • 10.1001/archneurol.2012.465
    • X. Feng, D. Han, K.K. Bharat, S.F. Beverly, T.B. Niewold, and A.T. Reder Inhibition of interferon-beta responses in multiple sclerosis immune cells associated with high-dose statins Arch Neurol 69 10 2012 1303 1309 10.1001/archneurol.2012.465
    • (2012) Arch Neurol , vol.69 , Issue.10 , pp. 1303-1309
    • Feng, X.1    Han, D.2    Bharat, K.K.3    Beverly, S.F.4    Niewold, T.B.5    Reder, A.T.6
  • 73
    • 79960341237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin as add-on therapy to interferon beta-1a for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (SIMCOMBIN study): A placebo-controlled randomised phase 4 trial
    • 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70144-2
    • P.S. Sorensen, J. Lycke, J.P. Erälinna, A. Edland, X. Wu, and J.L. Frederiksen for the SIMCOMBIN study investigators Simvastatin as add-on therapy to interferon beta-1a for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (SIMCOMBIN study): a placebo-controlled randomised phase 4 trial Lancet Neurol 10 8 2011 691 701 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70144-2
    • (2011) Lancet Neurol , vol.10 , Issue.8 , pp. 691-701
    • Sorensen, P.S.1    Lycke, J.2    Erälinna, J.P.3    Edland, A.4    Wu, X.5    Frederiksen, J.L.6
  • 74
    • 84868195949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin added to interferon beta for relapsing multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled
    • 10.1007/s00415-012-6513-7
    • C.P. Kamm, M. El-Koussy, S. Humpert, O. Findling, F. von Bredow, and Y. Burren et al. Atorvastatin added to interferon beta for relapsing multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled J Neurol 259 11 2012 2401 2413 10.1007/s00415-012-6513-7
    • (2012) J Neurol , vol.259 , Issue.11 , pp. 2401-2413
    • Kamm, C.P.1    El-Koussy, M.2    Humpert, S.3    Findling, O.4    Von Bredow, F.5    Burren, Y.6
  • 75
    • 67649488058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of statins on clinical and molecular responses to intramuscular interferon beta-1a
    • 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a92b96
    • R.A. Rudick, A. Pace, M.R. Rani, R. Hyde, M. Panzara, and S. Appachi et al. Effect of statins on clinical and molecular responses to intramuscular interferon beta-1a Neurology 72 23 2009 1989 1993 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a92b96
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , Issue.23 , pp. 1989-1993
    • Rudick, R.A.1    Pace, A.2    Rani, M.R.3    Hyde, R.4    Panzara, M.5    Appachi, S.6
  • 76
    • 33644608613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natalizumab plus interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1056/NEJMoa044396
    • R.A. Rudick, W.H. Stuart, P.A. Calabresi, C. Confavreux, S.L. Galetta, and E.W. Radue for the SENTINEL Investigators Natalizumab plus interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis N Engl J Med 354 9 2006 911 923 10.1056/NEJMoa044396
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.9 , pp. 911-923
    • Rudick, R.A.1    Stuart, W.H.2    Calabresi, P.A.3    Confavreux, C.4    Galetta, S.L.5    Radue, E.W.6
  • 77
    • 44849127754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral high-dose atorvastatin treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1371/journal.pone.0001928
    • F. Paul, S. Waiczies, J. Wuerfel, J. Bellmann-Strobl, J. Dörr, and H. Waiczies et al. Oral high-dose atorvastatin treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis PLoS ONE 3 4 2008 e1928 10.1371/journal.pone.0001928
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 1928
    • Paul, F.1    Waiczies, S.2    Wuerfel, J.3    Bellmann-Strobl, J.4    Dörr, J.5    Waiczies, H.6
  • 78
    • 77954688218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin combined to interferon to verify the efficacy (ACTIVE) in relapsing-remitting active multiple sclerosis patients: A longitudinal controlled trial of combination therapy
    • 10.1177/1352458509358909
    • R. Lanzillo, G. Orefice, M. Quarantelli, C. Rinaldi, A. Prinster, and G. Ventrella et al. Atorvastatin combined to interferon to verify the efficacy (ACTIVE) in relapsing-remitting active multiple sclerosis patients: a longitudinal controlled trial of combination therapy Mult Scler 16 4 2010 450 454 10.1177/1352458509358909
    • (2010) Mult Scler , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 450-454
    • Lanzillo, R.1    Orefice, G.2    Quarantelli, M.3    Rinaldi, C.4    Prinster, A.5    Ventrella, G.6
  • 79
    • 77955023091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin treatment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis receiving interferon beta 1a: A double-blind randomized controlled trial
    • 10.1177/1352458510369147
    • M. Togha, S.A. Karvigh, M. Nabavi, N.B. Moghadam, M.H. Harirchian, and M.A. Sahraian et al. Simvastatin treatment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis receiving interferon beta 1a: a double-blind randomized controlled trial Mult Scler 16 7 2010 848 854 10.1177/1352458510369147
    • (2010) Mult Scler , vol.16 , Issue.7 , pp. 848-854
    • Togha, M.1    Karvigh, S.A.2    Nabavi, M.3    Moghadam, N.B.4    Harirchian, M.H.5    Sahraian, M.A.6
  • 80
    • 79952200134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins for multiple sclerosis
    • 10.1002/14651858.CD008386.pub3
    • J. Wang, Y. Xiao, M. Luo, and H. Luo Statins for multiple sclerosis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7 12 2011 CD008386 10.1002/14651858.CD008386.pub3
    • (2011) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp. 008386
    • Wang, J.1    Xiao, Y.2    Luo, M.3    Luo, H.4
  • 81
    • 84865966708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of statins in combination with interferon therapy in multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis
    • 10.2146/ajhp110675
    • S. Bhardwaj, C.I. Coleman, and D.M. SoBieraj Efficacy of statins in combination with interferon therapy in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis Am J Health Syst Pharm 69 2012 1494 1499 10.2146/ajhp110675
    • (2012) Am J Health Syst Pharm , vol.69 , pp. 1494-1499
    • Bhardwaj, S.1    Coleman, C.I.2    Sobieraj, D.M.3
  • 82
    • 33645518677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulatory synergy by combination of atorvastatin and glatiramer acetate in treatment of CNS autoimmunity
    • 10.1172/JCI25805
    • O. Stüve, S. Youssef, M.S. Weber, S. Nessler, H.C. von Büdingen, and B. Hemmer et al. Immunomodulatory synergy by combination of atorvastatin and glatiramer acetate in treatment of CNS autoimmunity J Clin Invest 116 4 2006 1037 1044 10.1172/JCI25805
    • (2006) J Clin Invest , vol.116 , Issue.4 , pp. 1037-1044
    • Stüve, O.1    Youssef, S.2    Weber, M.S.3    Nessler, S.4    Von Büdingen, H.C.5    Hemmer, B.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.