메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 285-314

Assigning site of origin in metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A clinically significant application of diagnostic immunohistochemistry

Author keywords

carcinoid tumor; carcinoma of unknown primary; CDX2; cytokeratin 20; immunohistochemistry; Merkel cell carcinoma; poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma; transcription factor; TTF 1; Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor

Indexed keywords

ACID PHOSPHATASE PROSTATE ISOENZYME; ALPHA INTERFERON; ANTIGEN; CARBOPLATIN; CISPLATIN; CYTOKERATIN 20; CYTOKERATIN 7; ETOPOSIDE; EVEROLIMUS; INSULIN GENE ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN ISL 1; MERKEL CELL POLYOMAVIRUS LARGE T ANTIGEN; OCTREOTIDE; PEPTIDE HORMONE; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; SECRETORY PROTEIN; SECRETORY PROTEIN 55; SOMATOSTATIN RECEPTOR 2; SOMATOSTATIN RECEPTOR 2A; STREPTOZOCIN; SUNITINIB; TEMOZOLOMIDE; THYROID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR CDX2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR PAX8; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR PDX 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VESICULAR MONOAMINE TRANSPORTER 2;

EID: 84883410182     PISSN: 10724109     EISSN: 15334031     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0b013e3182a2dc67     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (97)

References (264)
  • 2
    • 33750610224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The concept of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours
    • Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC, eds. Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 3rd ed. Lyon: IARC Press
    • Travis WD. The concept of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours. In: Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC, eds. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 3rd ed. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004:19-20.
    • (2004) World Health Organization Classification of Tumours Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung , pp. 19-20
    • Travis, W.D.1
  • 3
    • 78249262321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: An update
    • Rekhtman N. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: An update. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134:1628-1638.
    • (2010) Arch Pathol Lab Med. , vol.134 , pp. 1628-1638
    • Rekhtman, N.1
  • 4
    • 12844253713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumor overdiagnosed as small-cell carcinoma on biopsy specimens: A major pitfall in the management of lung cancer patients
    • Pelosi G, Rodriguez J, Viale G, et al. Typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumor overdiagnosed as small-cell carcinoma on biopsy specimens: A major pitfall in the management of lung cancer patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:179-187.
    • (2005) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.29 , pp. 179-187
    • Pelosi, G.1    Rodriguez, J.2    Viale, G.3
  • 5
    • 19644396286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ki-67 immunoreactivity in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms in specimens with extensive crush artifact
    • Aslan DL, Gulbahce HE, Pambuccian SE, et al. Ki-67 immunoreactivity in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms in specimens with extensive crush artifact. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;123:874-878.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Pathol. , vol.123 , pp. 874-878
    • Aslan, D.L.1    Gulbahce, H.E.2    Pambuccian, S.E.3
  • 8
    • 50549199830 scopus 로고
    • The classification of carcinoid tum ours
    • Williams ED, Sandler M. The classification of carcinoid tum ours. Lancet. 1963;1:238-239.
    • (1963) Lancet. , vol.1 , pp. 238-239
    • Williams, E.D.1    Sandler, M.2
  • 9
    • 0015144277 scopus 로고
    • Pathologic analysis of carcinoids
    • Histologic reevaluation of 62 cases
    • Soga J, Tazawa K. Pathologic analysis of carcinoids. Histologic reevaluation of 62 cases. Cancer. 1971;28:990-998.
    • (1971) Cancer. , vol.28 , pp. 990-998
    • Soga, J.1    Tazawa, K.2
  • 10
    • 0030937908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinoids of the jejunum and ileum: An immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic study of 167 cases
    • Burke AP, Thomas RM, Elsayed AM, et al. Carcinoids of the jejunum and ileum: An immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic study of 167 cases. Cancer. 1997;79:1086-1093.
    • (1997) Cancer. , vol.79 , pp. 1086-1093
    • Burke, A.P.1    Thomas, R.M.2    Elsayed, A.M.3
  • 11
    • 0024757279 scopus 로고
    • Appendiceal carcinoids: Correlation of histology and immunohistochemistry
    • Burke AP, Sobin LH, Federspiel BH, et al. Appendiceal carcinoids: Correlation of histology and immunohistochemistry. Mod Pathol. 1989;2:630-637.
    • (1989) Mod Pathol. , vol.2 , pp. 630-637
    • Burke, A.P.1    Sobin, L.H.2    Federspiel, B.H.3
  • 12
    • 0025194301 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of twelve argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids of the appendix vermiformis
    • Iwafuchi M, Watanabe H, Ajioka Y, et al. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of twelve argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids of the appendix vermiformis. Hum Pathol. 1990;21:773-780.
    • (1990) Hum Pathol. , vol.21 , pp. 773-780
    • Iwafuchi, M.1    Watanabe, H.2    Ajioka, Y.3
  • 13
    • 0023110345 scopus 로고
    • Glucagon, glicentin, proglucagon, PYY, PP and proPP-icosapeptide immunoreactivities of rectal carcinoid tumors and related non-tumor cells
    • Fiocca R, Rindi G, Capella C, et al. Glucagon, glicentin, proglucagon, PYY, PP and proPP-icosapeptide immunoreactivities of rectal carcinoid tumors and related non-tumor cells. Regul Pept. 1987;17:9-29.
    • (1987) Regul Pept. , vol.17 , pp. 9-29
    • Fiocca, R.1    Rindi, G.2    Capella, C.3
  • 14
    • 0024743276 scopus 로고
    • Carcinoids of the duodenum. A histologic and immunohistochemical study of 65 tumors
    • Burke AP, Federspiel BH, Sobin LH, et al. Carcinoids of the duodenum. A histologic and immunohistochemical study of 65 tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 1989;13:828-837.
    • (1989) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.13 , pp. 828-837
    • Burke, A.P.1    Federspiel, B.H.2    Sobin, L.H.3
  • 15
    • 41349100709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatostatinproducing neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum and pancreas: Incidence, types, biological behavior, association with inherited syndromes, and functional activity
    • Garbrecht N, Anlauf M, Schmitt A, et al. Somatostatinproducing neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum and pancreas: Incidence, types, biological behavior, association with inherited syndromes, and functional activity. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008;15:229-241.
    • (2008) Endocr Relat Cancer. , vol.15 , pp. 229-241
    • Garbrecht, N.1    Anlauf, M.2    Schmitt, A.3
  • 16
    • 0020665401 scopus 로고
    • Carcinoids: The association of histologic growth pattern and survival
    • Johnson LA, Lavin P, Moertel CG, et al. Carcinoids: The association of histologic growth pattern and survival. Cancer. 1983;51:882-889.
    • (1983) Cancer. , vol.51 , pp. 882-889
    • Johnson, L.A.1    Lavin, P.2    Moertel, C.G.3
  • 17
    • 46449110634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One hundred years after carcinoid: Epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States
    • Yao JC, Hassan M, Phan A, et al. One hundred years after carcinoid: Epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3063-3072.
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol. , vol.26 , pp. 3063-3072
    • Yao, J.C.1    Hassan, M.2    Phan, A.3
  • 18
    • 0016724762 scopus 로고
    • Carcinoid tumors. An analysis of 2,837 cases
    • Godwin JD II. Carcinoid tumors. An analysis of 2,837 cases. Cancer. 1975;36:560-569.
    • (1975) Cancer. , vol.36 , pp. 560-569
    • Godwin, J.D.I.I.1
  • 19
    • 0037441624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors
    • Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd MA. 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer. 2003;97:934-959.
    • (2003) Cancer. , vol.97 , pp. 934-959
    • Modlin, I.M.1    Lye, K.D.2    Kidd, M.A.3
  • 20
    • 0031731645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinoids of unknown origin: Comparative analysis with foregut, midgut, and hindgut carcinoids
    • Kirshbom PM, Kherani AR, Onaitis MW, et al. Carcinoids of unknown origin: Comparative analysis with foregut, midgut, and hindgut carcinoids. Surgery. 1998;124: 1063-1070.
    • (1998) Surgery. , vol.124 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Kirshbom, P.M.1    Kherani, A.R.2    Onaitis, M.W.3
  • 21
    • 58249123467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic factors of long-term outcome in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours
    • Pape UF, Berndt U, Muller-Nordhorn J, et al. Prognostic factors of long-term outcome in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008;15:1083-1097.
    • (2008) Endocr Relat Cancer. , vol.15 , pp. 1083-1097
    • Pape, U.F.1    Berndt, U.2    Muller-Nordhorn, J.3
  • 22
    • 61749100328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thirteen-month registration of patients with gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumours in France
    • Lombard-Bohas C, Mitry E, O?Toole D, et al. Thirteen-month registration of patients with gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumours in France. Neuroendocrinology. 2009;89:217-222.
    • (2009) Neuroendocrinology. , vol.89 , pp. 217-222
    • Lombard-Bohas, C.1    Mitry, E.2    Otoole, D.3
  • 23
    • 77956049325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence, patterns of care and prognostic factors for outcome of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs): Results from the National Cancer Registry of Spain (RGETNE)
    • Garcia-Carbonero R, Capdevila J, Crespo-Herrero G, et al. Incidence, patterns of care and prognostic factors for outcome of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs): Results from the National Cancer Registry of Spain (RGETNE). Ann Oncol. 2010;21:1794-1803.
    • (2010) Ann Oncol. , vol.21 , pp. 1794-1803
    • Garcia-Carbonero, R.1    Capdevila, J.2    Crespo-Herrero, G.3
  • 24
    • 83055172229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine tumors of unknown primary site: Gold dust or misdiagnosed neoplasms?
    • Catena L, Bichisao E, Milione M, et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of unknown primary site: gold dust or misdiagnosed neoplasms? Tumori. 2011;97:564-567.
    • (2011) Tumori. , vol.97 , pp. 564-567
    • Catena, L.1    Bichisao, E.2    Milione, M.3
  • 25
    • 77951054973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of unknown primary tumors in patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases
    • Wang SC, Parekh JR, Zuraek MB, et al. Identification of unknown primary tumors in patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases. Arch Surg. 2010;145:276-280.
    • (2010) Arch Surg. , vol.145 , pp. 276-280
    • Wang, S.C.1    Parekh, J.R.2    Zuraek, M.B.3
  • 26
    • 84865304110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Papathanasiou ND. (1)(1)(1)In-DTPA(0)- octreotide (Octreoscan), (1)(3)(1)I-MIBG and other agents for radionuclide therapy of NETs
    • Bomanji JB, Papathanasiou ND. (1)(1)(1)In-DTPA(0)- octreotide (Octreoscan), (1)(3)(1)I-MIBG and other agents for radionuclide therapy of NETs. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012;39(suppl 1):S113-S125.
    • (2012) Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging , vol.39 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Bomanji, J.B.1
  • 27
    • 19144366483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive somatostatin receptor scintigraphy correlates with the presence of somatostatin receptor subtype 2
    • John M, Meyerhof W, Richter D, et al. Positive somatostatin receptor scintigraphy correlates with the presence of somatostatin receptor subtype 2. Gut. 1996;38:33-39.
    • (1996) Gut. , vol.38 , pp. 33-39
    • John, M.1    Meyerhof, W.2    Richter, D.3
  • 28
    • 0032100585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 in carcinoid tumors by immunohistochemical investigation with somatostatin receptor subtype 2 antibodies
    • Janson ET, Stridsberg M, Gobl A, et al. Determination of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 in carcinoid tumors by immunohistochemical investigation with somatostatin receptor subtype 2 antibodies. Cancer Res. 1998;58: 2375-2378.
    • (1998) Cancer Res. , vol.58 , pp. 2375-2378
    • Janson, E.T.1    Stridsberg, M.2    Gobl, A.3
  • 29
    • 0032758263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical expression of somatostatin type 2A receptor in neuroendocrine tumors
    • Kimura N, Pilichowska M, Date F, et al. Immunohistochemical expression of somatostatin type 2A receptor in neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 1999;5: 3483-3487.
    • (1999) Clin Cancer Res. , vol.5 , pp. 3483-3487
    • Kimura, N.1    Pilichowska, M.2    Date, F.3
  • 30
    • 0036271475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of somatostatin receptor types 1-5 in 81 cases of gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine tumors. A correlative immunohistochemical and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis
    • Papotti M, Bongiovanni M, Volante M, et al. Expression of somatostatin receptor types 1-5 in 81 cases of gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine tumors. A correlative immunohistochemical and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. Virchows Arch. 2002;440:461-475.
    • (2002) Virchows Arch. , vol.440 , pp. 461-475
    • Papotti, M.1    Bongiovanni, M.2    Volante, M.3
  • 31
    • 34547756475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatostatin receptor subtypes in human non-functioning neuroendocrine tumors and effects of somatostatin analogue SOM230 on cell proliferation in cell line NCI-H727
    • Ono K, Suzuki T, Miki Y, et al. Somatostatin receptor subtypes in human non-functioning neuroendocrine tumors and effects of somatostatin analogue SOM230 on cell proliferation in cell line NCI-H727. Anticancer Res. 2007;27(4B):2231-2239.
    • (2007) Anticancer Res. , vol.27 , Issue.4 B , pp. 2231-2239
    • Ono, K.1    Suzuki, T.2    Miki, Y.3
  • 32
    • 76049119700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical expression of somatostatin receptors in digestive endocrine tumours
    • Zamora V, Cabanne A, Salanova R, et al. Immunohistochemical expression of somatostatin receptors in digestive endocrine tumours. Dig Liv Dis. 2010;42:220-225.
    • (2010) Dig Liv Dis. , vol.42 , pp. 220-225
    • Zamora, V.1    Cabanne, A.2    Salanova, R.3
  • 33
    • 83055193670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5 by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and immunohistochemistry: Clinical implications in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
    • Sclafani F, Carnaghi C, Di Tommaso L, et al. Detection of somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5 by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and immunohistochemistry: Clinical implications in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Tumori. 2011;97:620-628.
    • (2011) Tumori. , vol.97 , pp. 620-628
    • Sclafani, F.1    Carnaghi, C.2    Di Tommaso, L.3
  • 34
    • 84860734631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibodies against the human somatostatin receptor subtypes 1-5: Development and immunohistochemical application in neuroendocrine tumors
    • Schmid HA, Lambertini C, van Vugt HH, et al. Monoclonal antibodies against the human somatostatin receptor subtypes 1-5: Development and immunohistochemical application in neuroendocrine tumors. Neuroendocrinology. 2012;95: 232-247.
    • (2012) Neuroendocrinology. , vol.95 , pp. 232-247
    • Schmid, H.A.1    Lambertini, C.2    Van Vugt, H.H.3
  • 35
    • 72949100074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of unknown primary neuroendocrine tumours (CUP-NET) using (68)Ga-DOTA-NOC receptor PET/CT
    • Prasad V, Ambrosini V, Hommann M, et al. Detection of unknown primary neuroendocrine tumours (CUP-NET) using (68)Ga-DOTA-NOC receptor PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010;37:67-77.
    • (2010) Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging , vol.37 , pp. 67-77
    • Prasad, V.1    Ambrosini, V.2    Hommann, M.3
  • 36
    • 79956194831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: Comparison with (1)(1)(1)In-DTPA-octreotide (OctreoScan(R))
    • Krausz Y, Freedman N, Rubinstein R, et al. 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: Comparison with (1)(1)(1)In-DTPA-octreotide (OctreoScan(R)). Mol Imaging Biol. 2011;13:583-593.
    • (2011) Mol Imaging Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 583-593
    • Krausz, Y.1    Freedman, N.2    Rubinstein, R.3
  • 37
    • 2342479090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the detection of occult primary gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumours
    • Savelli G, Lucignani G, Seregni E, et al. Feasibility of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the detection of occult primary gastro-entero- pancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumours. Nucl Med Commun. 2004;25:445-449.
    • (2004) Nucl Med Commun. , vol.25 , pp. 445-449
    • Savelli, G.1    Lucignani, G.2    Seregni, E.3
  • 38
    • 18744385081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at Accessed April 7, 2013
    • Medicare physician fee schedule. 2013. Available at: Http://www.cms.gov/ apps/physician-fee-schedule/overview.aspx. Accessed April 7, 2013.
    • (2013) Medicare Physician Fee Schedule
  • 39
    • 0037635397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine metastases to the liver: A plea for resection to increase survival
    • Sarmiento JM, Heywood G, Rubin J, et al. Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine metastases to the liver: A plea for resection to increase survival. J Am Coll Surg. 2003;197: 29-37.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Surg. , vol.197 , pp. 29-37
    • Sarmiento, J.M.1    Heywood, G.2    Rubin, J.3
  • 40
    • 0037396484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver resection (and associated extrahepatic resections) for metastatic well-differentiated endocrine tumors: A 15-year single center prospective study
    • Elias D, Lasser P, Ducreux M, et al. Liver resection (and associated extrahepatic resections) for metastatic well-differentiated endocrine tumors: A 15-year single center prospective study. Surgery. 2003;133:375-382.
    • (2003) Surgery. , vol.133 , pp. 375-382
    • Elias, D.1    Lasser, P.2    Ducreux, M.3
  • 41
    • 0034111079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic neuroendocrine metastases: Does intervention alter outcomes?
    • Chamberlain RS, Canes D, Brown KT, et al. Hepatic neuroendocrine metastases: Does intervention alter outcomes? J Am Coll Surg. 2000;190:432-445.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Surg. , vol.190 , pp. 432-445
    • Chamberlain, R.S.1    Canes, D.2    Brown, K.T.3
  • 42
    • 0031867308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors: Does resection prolong survival?
    • discussion-3
    • Chen H, Hardacre JM, Uzar A, et al. Isolated liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors: Does resection prolong survival? J Am Coll Surg. 1998;187:88-92; discussion-3.
    • (1998) J Am Coll Surg. , vol.187 , pp. 88-92
    • Chen, H.1    Hardacre, J.M.2    Uzar, A.3
  • 43
    • 57149095627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is adjuvant therapy with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil useful after resection of liver metastases from digestive endocrine tumors?
    • Maire F, Hammel P, Kianmanesh R, et al. Is adjuvant therapy with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil useful after resection of liver metastases from digestive endocrine tumors? Surgery. 2009;145:69-75.
    • (2009) Surgery. , vol.145 , pp. 69-75
    • Maire, F.1    Hammel, P.2    Kianmanesh, R.3
  • 44
    • 70350442637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placebocontrolled, double-blind, prospective, randomized study on the effect of octreotide LAR in the control of tumor growth in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine midgut tumors: A report from the PROMID Study Group
    • Rinke A, Muller HH, Schade-Brittinger C, et al. Placebocontrolled, double-blind, prospective, randomized study on the effect of octreotide LAR in the control of tumor growth in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine midgut tumors: A report from the PROMID Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:4656-4663.
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol. , vol.27 , pp. 4656-4663
    • Rinke, A.1    Muller, H.H.2    Schade-Brittinger, C.3
  • 45
    • 84857838286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with liver and other distant metastases from neuroendocrine neoplasms of foregut, midgut, hindgut, and unknown primary
    • Pavel M, Baudin E, Couvelard A, et al. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with liver and other distant metastases from neuroendocrine neoplasms of foregut, midgut, hindgut, and unknown primary. Neuroendocrinology. 2012;95:157-176.
    • (2012) Neuroendocrinology. , vol.95 , pp. 157-176
    • Pavel, M.1    Baudin, E.2    Couvelard, A.3
  • 46
    • 0026530547 scopus 로고
    • Streptozocindoxorubicin, streptozocin-fluorouracil or chlorozotocin in the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma
    • Moertel CG, Lefkopoulo M, Lipsitz S, et al. Streptozocindoxorubicin, streptozocin-fluorouracil or chlorozotocin in the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:519-523.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med. , vol.326 , pp. 519-523
    • Moertel, C.G.1    Lefkopoulo, M.2    Lipsitz, S.3
  • 47
    • 78650993549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-line chemotherapy with capecitabine and temozolomide in patients with metastatic pancreatic endocrine carcinomas
    • Strosberg JR, Fine RL, Choi J, et al. First-line chemotherapy with capecitabine and temozolomide in patients with metastatic pancreatic endocrine carcinomas. Cancer. 2011;117: 268-275.
    • (2011) Cancer. , vol.117 , pp. 268-275
    • Strosberg, J.R.1    Fine, R.L.2    Choi, J.3
  • 48
    • 58849093671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • O6- methylguanine DNA methyltransferase deficiency and response to temozolomide-based therapy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors
    • Kulke MH, Hornick JL, Frauenhoffer C, et al. O6- methylguanine DNA methyltransferase deficiency and response to temozolomide-based therapy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15:338-345.
    • (2009) Clin Cancer Res. , vol.15 , pp. 338-345
    • Kulke, M.H.1    Hornick, J.L.2    Frauenhoffer, C.3
  • 49
    • 24644503671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase II/III study of doxorubicin with fluorouracil compared with streptozocin with fluorouracil or dacarbazine in the treatment of advanced carcinoid tumors: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E1281
    • Sun W, Lipsitz S, Catalano P, et al. Phase II/III study of doxorubicin with fluorouracil compared with streptozocin with fluorouracil or dacarbazine in the treatment of advanced carcinoid tumors: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E1281. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:4897-4904.
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol. , vol.23 , pp. 4897-4904
    • Sun, W.1    Lipsitz, S.2    Catalano, P.3
  • 50
    • 79851500081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
    • Yao JC, Shah MH, Ito T, et al. Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. N Engl J Med. 2011;364: 514-523.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med. , vol.364 , pp. 514-523
    • Yao, J.C.1    Shah, M.H.2    Ito, T.3
  • 51
    • 83255167036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumours associated with carcinoid syndrome (RADIANT-2): A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study
    • Pavel ME, Hainsworth JD, Baudin E, et al. Everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumours associated with carcinoid syndrome (RADIANT-2): A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2011;378:2005-2012.
    • (2011) Lancet. , vol.378 , pp. 2005-2012
    • Pavel, M.E.1    Hainsworth, J.D.2    Baudin, E.3
  • 52
    • 79851482955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunitinib malate for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
    • Raymond E, Dahan L, Raoul JL, et al. Sunitinib malate for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:501-513.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med. , vol.364 , pp. 501-513
    • Raymond, E.1    Dahan, L.2    Raoul, J.L.3
  • 53
    • 49149114782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of sunitinib in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors
    • Kulke MH, Lenz HJ, Meropol NJ, et al. Activity of sunitinib in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3403-3410.
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol. , vol.26 , pp. 3403-3410
    • Kulke, M.H.1    Lenz, H.J.2    Meropol, N.J.3
  • 54
    • 69749089515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs
    • Kwekkeboom DJ, Krenning EP, Lebtahi R, et al. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs. Neuroendocrinology. 2009;90:220-226.
    • (2009) Neuroendocrinology. , vol.90 , pp. 220-226
    • Kwekkeboom, D.J.1    Krenning, E.P.2    Lebtahi, R.3
  • 55
    • 79959208861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response, survival, and long-term toxicity after therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analogue [90Y-DOTA]-TOC in metastasized neuroendocrine cancers
    • Imhof A, Brunner P, Marincek N, et al. Response, survival, and long-term toxicity after therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analogue [90Y-DOTA]-TOC in metastasized neuroendocrine cancers. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:2416-2423.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol. , vol.29 , pp. 2416-2423
    • Imhof, A.1    Brunner, P.2    Marincek, N.3
  • 56
    • 84883354182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at Accessed February 5 2013
    • Merkel cell carcinoma. 2012. Available at: Http://www.nccn.org/ professionals/physician-gls/pdf/mcc.pdf. Accessed February 5, 2013.
    • (2012) Merkel Cell Carcinoma.
  • 57
    • 0025933213 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of neuroendocrine carcinomas with combined etoposide and cisplatin Evidence of major therapeutic activity in the anaplastic variants of these neoplasms
    • Moertel CG, Kvols LK, O?Connell MJ, et al. Treatment of neuroendocrine carcinomas with combined etoposide and cisplatin. Evidence of major therapeutic activity in the anaplastic variants of these neoplasms. Cancer. 1991;68:227-232.
    • (1991) Cancer. , vol.68 , pp. 227-232
    • Moertel, C.G.1    Kvols, L.K.2    Oconnell, M.J.3
  • 58
    • 77955198120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NANETS consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of poorly differentiated (high-grade) extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas
    • Strosberg JR, Coppola D, Klimstra DS, et al. The NANETS consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of poorly differentiated (high-grade) extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas. Pancreas. 2010;39:799-800.
    • (2010) Pancreas. , vol.39 , pp. 799-800
    • Strosberg, J.R.1    Coppola, D.2    Klimstra, D.S.3
  • 59
    • 84883358202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at Accessed April 30 2013
    • Neuroendocrine tumors. 2013. Available at: Http://www.nccn. org/professionals/physician-gls/pdf/neuroendocrine.pdf. Accessed April 30, 2013.
    • (2013) Neuroendocrine Tumors.
  • 60
    • 0025906410 scopus 로고
    • Homeobox gene expression in the intestinal epithelium of adult mice
    • James R, Kazenwadel J. Homeobox gene expression in the intestinal epithelium of adult mice. J Biol Chem. 1991;266: 3246-3251.
    • (1991) J Biol Chem. , vol.266 , pp. 3246-3251
    • James, R.1    Kazenwadel, J.2
  • 61
    • 16244388032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of Cdx proteins in intestinal development and cancer
    • Guo RJ, Suh ER, Lynch JP. The role of Cdx proteins in intestinal development and cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2004;3:593-601.
    • (2004) Cancer Biol Ther. , vol.3 , pp. 593-601
    • Guo, R.J.1    Suh, E.R.2    Lynch, J.P.3
  • 62
    • 0033769822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cdx1 and cdx2 expression during intestinal development
    • Silberg DG, Swain GP, Suh ER, et al. Cdx1 and cdx2 expression during intestinal development. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:961-971.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology. , vol.119 , pp. 961-971
    • Silberg, D.G.1    Swain, G.P.2    Suh, E.R.3
  • 63
    • 0141742109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cdx2 protein expression in normal and malignant human tissues: An immunohistochemical survey using tissue microarrays
    • Moskaluk CA, Zhang H, Powell SM, et al. Cdx2 protein expression in normal and malignant human tissues: An immunohistochemical survey using tissue microarrays. Mod Pathol. 2003;16:913-919.
    • (2003) Mod Pathol. , vol.16 , pp. 913-919
    • Moskaluk, C.A.1    Zhang, H.2    Powell, S.M.3
  • 64
    • 18244362326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ectopic expression of homeodomain protein CDX2 in intestinal metaplasia and carcinomas of the stomach
    • Bai YQ, Yamamoto H, Akiyama Y, et al. Ectopic expression of homeodomain protein CDX2 in intestinal metaplasia and carcinomas of the stomach. Cancer Lett. 2002;176:47-55.
    • (2002) Cancer Lett. , vol.176 , pp. 47-55
    • Bai, Y.Q.1    Yamamoto, H.2    Akiyama, Y.3
  • 65
    • 0142200932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cdx2 as a marker of epithelial intestinal differentiation in the esophagus
    • Phillips RW, Frierson HF Jr, Moskaluk CA. Cdx2 as a marker of epithelial intestinal differentiation in the esophagus. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:1442-1447.
    • (2003) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.27 , pp. 1442-1447
    • Phillips, R.W.1    Frierson Jr., H.F.2    Moskaluk, C.A.3
  • 66
    • 64549114508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of intestinal identity and epithelial-mesenchymal signaling by Cdx2
    • Gao N, White P, Kaestner KH. Establishment of intestinal identity and epithelial-mesenchymal signaling by Cdx2. Dev Cell. 2009;16:588-599.
    • (2009) Dev Cell. , vol.16 , pp. 588-599
    • Gao, N.1    White, P.2    Kaestner, K.H.3
  • 67
    • 0037309317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDX-2 homeobox gene expression is a reliable marker of colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases to the lungs
    • Barbareschi M, Murer B, Colby TV, et al. CDX-2 homeobox gene expression is a reliable marker of colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases to the lungs. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27: 141-149.
    • (2003) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.27 , pp. 141-149
    • Barbareschi, M.1    Murer, B.2    Colby, T.V.3
  • 68
    • 0037371192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDX2, a highly sensitive and specific marker of adenocarcinomas of intestinal origin: An immunohistochemical survey of 476 primary and metastatic carcinomas
    • Werling RW, Yaziji H, Bacchi CE, et al. CDX2, a highly sensitive and specific marker of adenocarcinomas of intestinal origin: An immunohistochemical survey of 476 primary and metastatic carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:303-310.
    • (2003) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.27 , pp. 303-310
    • Werling, R.W.1    Yaziji, H.2    Bacchi, C.E.3
  • 70
    • 84862786905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of Islet 1 and PAX8 in identifying metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic origin
    • Koo J, Mertens RB, Mirocha JM, et al. Value of Islet 1 and PAX8 in identifying metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic origin. Mod Pathol. 2012;25:893-901.
    • (2012) Mod Pathol. , vol.25 , pp. 893-901
    • Koo, J.1    Mertens, R.B.2    Mirocha, J.M.3
  • 71
    • 4344644561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDX-2 homeobox gene product expression in neuroendocrine tumors: Its role as a marker of intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
    • Barbareschi M, Roldo C, Zamboni G, et al. CDX-2 homeobox gene product expression in neuroendocrine tumors: Its role as a marker of intestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28:1169-1176.
    • (2004) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.28 , pp. 1169-1176
    • Barbareschi, M.1    Roldo, C.2    Zamboni, G.3
  • 72
    • 12844254318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cdx2 as a marker for neuroendocrine tumors of unknown primary sites
    • Erickson LA, Papouchado B, Dimashkieh H, et al. Cdx2 as a marker for neuroendocrine tumors of unknown primary sites. Endocr Pathol. 2004;15:247-252.
    • (2004) Endocr Pathol. , vol.15 , pp. 247-252
    • Erickson, L.A.1    Papouchado, B.2    Dimashkieh, H.3
  • 73
    • 4644359893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDX2 as a marker of intestinal EC-cells and related well-differentiated endocrine tumors
    • La Rosa S, Rigoli E, Uccella S, et al. CDX2 as a marker of intestinal EC-cells and related well-differentiated endocrine tumors. Virchows Arch. 2004;445:248-254.
    • (2004) Virchows Arch. , vol.445 , pp. 248-254
    • La Rosa, S.1    Rigoli, E.2    Uccella, S.3
  • 74
    • 14644411795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of CDX2 and TTF-1 in differentiating gastrointestinal from pulmonary carcinoids
    • Saqi A, Alexis D, Remotti F, et al. Usefulness of CDX2 and TTF-1 in differentiating gastrointestinal from pulmonary carcinoids. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;123:394-404.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Pathol. , vol.123 , pp. 394-404
    • Saqi, A.1    Alexis, D.2    Remotti, F.3
  • 75
    • 33749458480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the intestinal transcription factor CDX2 in carcinoid tumors is a marker of midgut origin
    • Jaffee IM, Rahmani M, Singhal MG, et al. Expression of the intestinal transcription factor CDX2 in carcinoid tumors is a marker of midgut origin. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006;130: 1522-1526.
    • (2006) Arch Pathol Lab Med. , vol.130 , pp. 1522-1526
    • Jaffee, I.M.1    Rahmani, M.2    Singhal, M.G.3
  • 76
    • 37349084197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of CDX-2 and TTF-1 expressions in separating metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms of unknown origin
    • Lin X, Saad RS, Luckasevic TM, et al. Diagnostic value of CDX-2 and TTF-1 expressions in separating metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms of unknown origin. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2007;15:407-414.
    • (2007) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.15 , pp. 407-414
    • Lin, X.1    Saad, R.S.2    Luckasevic, T.M.3
  • 77
    • 40849114945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Islet 1 (Isl1) expression is a reliable marker for pancreatic endocrine tumors and their metastases
    • Schmitt AM, Riniker F, Anlauf M, et al. Islet 1 (Isl1) expression is a reliable marker for pancreatic endocrine tumors and their metastases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32: 420-425.
    • (2008) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.32 , pp. 420-425
    • Schmitt, A.M.1    Riniker, F.2    Anlauf, M.3
  • 78
    • 63849275777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical staining for CDX-2, PDX-1, NESP-55, and TTF-1 can help distinguish gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors from pancreatic endocrine and pulmonary carcinoid tumors
    • Srivastava A, Hornick JL. Immunohistochemical staining for CDX-2, PDX-1, NESP-55, and TTF-1 can help distinguish gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors from pancreatic endocrine and pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009;33:626-632.
    • (2009) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.33 , pp. 626-632
    • Srivastava, A.1    Hornick, J.L.2
  • 79
    • 80052412083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonally defined pancreatic and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors differ in their transcription factor signatures: Expression of ISL1, PDX1, NGN3, and CDX2
    • Hermann G, Konukiewitz B, Schmitt A, et al. Hormonally defined pancreatic and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors differ in their transcription factor signatures: Expression of ISL1, PDX1, NGN3, and CDX2. Virchows Arch. 2011;459: 147-154.
    • (2011) Virchows Arch. , vol.459 , pp. 147-154
    • Hermann, G.1    Konukiewitz, B.2    Schmitt, A.3
  • 80
    • 84859888884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PDX-1, CDX-2, TTF-1, and CK7: A reliable immunohistochemical panel for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
    • Chan ES, Alexander J, Swanson PE, et al. PDX-1, CDX-2, TTF-1, and CK7: A reliable immunohistochemical panel for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012;36:737-743.
    • (2012) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.36 , pp. 737-743
    • Chan, E.S.1    Alexander, J.2    Swanson, P.E.3
  • 81
    • 84870453976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IMP3, NESP55, TTF-1 and CDX2 serve as an immunohistochemical panel in the distinction among small-cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal carcinoid, and pancreatic endocrine tumor metastasized to the liver
    • Denby KS, Briones AJ, Bourne PA, et al. IMP3, NESP55, TTF-1 and CDX2 serve as an immunohistochemical panel in the distinction among small-cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal carcinoid, and pancreatic endocrine tumor metastasized to the liver. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2012;20: 573-579.
    • (2012) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.20 , pp. 573-579
    • Denby, K.S.1    Briones, A.J.2    Bourne, P.A.3
  • 82
    • 84873985762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Islet-1 is a sensitive but not entirely specific marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and their metastases
    • Graham RP, Shrestha B, Caron BL, et al. Islet-1 is a sensitive but not entirely specific marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms and their metastases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013; 37:399-405.
    • (2013) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.37 , pp. 399-405
    • Graham, R.P.1    Shrestha, B.2    Caron, B.L.3
  • 83
    • 61449317997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary ovarian carcinoid tumors may express CDX-2: A potential pitfall in distinction from metastatic intestinal carcinoid tumors involving the ovary
    • Rabban JT, Lerwill MF, McCluggage WG, et al. Primary ovarian carcinoid tumors may express CDX-2: A potential pitfall in distinction from metastatic intestinal carcinoid tumors involving the ovary. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009;28:41-48.
    • (2009) Int J Gynecol Pathol. , vol.28 , pp. 41-48
    • Rabban, J.T.1    Lerwill, M.F.2    McCluggage, W.G.3
  • 84
    • 0024425390 scopus 로고
    • A thyroid-specific nuclear protein essential for tissue-specific expression of the thyroglobulin promoter
    • Civitareale D, Lonigro R, Sinclair AJ, et al. A thyroid-specific nuclear protein essential for tissue-specific expression of the thyroglobulin promoter. EMBO J. 1989;8:2537-2542.
    • (1989) EMBO J. , vol.8 , pp. 2537-2542
    • Civitareale, D.1    Lonigro, R.2    Sinclair, A.J.3
  • 85
    • 0025010740 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid nuclear factor 1 (TTF-1) contains a homeodomain and displays a novel DNA binding specificity
    • Guazzi S, Price M, De Felice M, et al. Thyroid nuclear factor 1 (TTF-1) contains a homeodomain and displays a novel DNA binding specificity. EMBO J. 1990;9: 3631-3639.
    • (1990) EMBO J. , vol.9 , pp. 3631-3639
    • Guazzi, S.1    Price, M.2    De Felice, M.3
  • 86
    • 33646840906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of organ development by the NKX-homeodomain factors: An NKX code
    • Stanfel MN, Moses KA, Schwartz RJ, et al. Regulation of organ development by the NKX-homeodomain factors: An NKX code. Cell Mol Biol. 2005;suppl 51:OL785-OL799.
    • (2005) Cell Mol Biol. , Issue.SUPPL. 51
    • Stanfel, M.N.1    Moses, K.A.2    Schwartz, R.J.3
  • 87
    • 0026340586 scopus 로고
    • The transcription factor TTF-1 is expressed at the onset of thyroid and lung morphogenesis and in restricted regions of the foetal brain
    • Lazzaro D, M Price, de Felice M, et al. The transcription factor TTF-1 is expressed at the onset of thyroid and lung morphogenesis and in restricted regions of the foetal brain. Development. 1991;113:1093-1104.
    • (1991) Development. , vol.113 , pp. 1093-1104
    • Lazzaro, D.1    Price, M.2    De Felice, M.3
  • 88
    • 0028964324 scopus 로고
    • Gene structure and expression of human thyroid transcription factor-1 in respiratory epithelial cells
    • Ikeda K, Clark JC, Shaw-White JR, et al. Gene structure and expression of human thyroid transcription factor-1 in respiratory epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:8108-8114.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem. , vol.270 , pp. 8108-8114
    • Ikeda, K.1    Clark, J.C.2    Shaw-White, J.R.3
  • 89
    • 0034105756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in human C cells and medullary thyroid carcinomas
    • Katoh R, Miyagi E, Nakamura N, et al. Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in human C cells and medullary thyroid carcinomas. Hum Pathol. 2000;31: 386-393.
    • (2000) Hum Pathol. , vol.31 , pp. 386-393
    • Katoh, R.1    Miyagi, E.2    Nakamura, N.3
  • 90
    • 0030057596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The T/ebp null mouse: Thyroid-specific enhancer-binding protein is essential for the organogenesis of the thyroid, lung, ventral forebrain, and pituitary
    • Kimura S, Hara Y, Pineau T, et al. The T/ebp null mouse: Thyroid-specific enhancer-binding protein is essential for the organogenesis of the thyroid, lung, ventral forebrain, and pituitary. Genes Dev. 1996;10:60-69.
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 60-69
    • Kimura, S.1    Hara, Y.2    Pineau, T.3
  • 91
    • 0029930488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surfactant proteins and thyroid transcription factor-1 in pulmonary and breast carcinomas
    • Bejarano PA, Baughman RP, Biddinger PW, et al. Surfactant proteins and thyroid transcription factor-1 in pulmonary and breast carcinomas. Mod Pathol. 1996;9:445-452.
    • (1996) Mod Pathol. , vol.9 , pp. 445-452
    • Bejarano, P.A.1    Baughman, R.P.2    Biddinger, P.W.3
  • 92
    • 0033971623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 is the superior immunohistochemical marker for pulmonary adenocarcinomas and large cell carcinomas compared to surfactant proteins A and B
    • Kaufmann O, Dietel M. Thyroid transcription factor-1 is the superior immunohistochemical marker for pulmonary adenocarcinomas and large cell carcinomas compared to surfactant proteins A and B. Histopathology. 2000;36:8-16.
    • (2000) Histopathology. , vol.36 , pp. 8-16
    • Kaufmann, O.1    Dietel, M.2
  • 93
    • 0034090430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic follicular thyroid cells examined by immunohistochemistry and nonradioactive in situ hybridization
    • Katoh R, Kawaoi A, Miyagi E, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic follicular thyroid cells examined by immunohistochemistry and nonradioactive in situ hybridization. Mod Pathol. 2000;13: 570-576.
    • (2000) Mod Pathol. , vol.13 , pp. 570-576
    • Katoh, R.1    Kawaoi, A.2    Miyagi, E.3
  • 94
    • 0033840468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1, thyroglobulin, cytokeratin 7, and cytokeratin 20 in thyroid neoplasms
    • Bejarano PA, Nikiforov YE, Swenson ES, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1, thyroglobulin, cytokeratin 7, and cytokeratin 20 in thyroid neoplasms. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000;8:189-194.
    • (2000) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.8 , pp. 189-194
    • Bejarano, P.A.1    Nikiforov, Y.E.2    Swenson, E.S.3
  • 95
    • 0034145199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 is a marker of lung and thyroid carcinomas
    • Ordó n? ez NG. Thyroid transcription factor-1 is a marker of lung and thyroid carcinomas. Adv Anat Pathol. 2000;7: 123-127.
    • (2000) Adv Anat Pathol. , vol.7 , pp. 123-127
    • Ordónez, N.G.1
  • 96
    • 0034105401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 in pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas and other neuroendocrine carcinomas of various primary sites
    • Kaufmann O, Dietel M. Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 in pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas and other neuroendocrine carcinomas of various primary sites. Histopathology. 2000;36:415-420.
    • (2000) Histopathology. , vol.36 , pp. 415-420
    • Kaufmann, O.1    Dietel, M.2
  • 97
    • 0034994431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 distinguishes metastatic pulmonary from well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of other sites
    • Oliveira AM, Tazelaar HD, Myers JL, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 distinguishes metastatic pulmonary from well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of other sites. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:815-819.
    • (2001) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.25 , pp. 815-819
    • Oliveira, A.M.1    Tazelaar, H.D.2    Myers, J.L.3
  • 98
    • 0034075111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 is expressed in extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas but not in other extrapulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
    • Agoff SN, Lamps LW, Philip AT, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 is expressed in extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas but not in other extrapulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Mod Pathol. 2000;13:238-242.
    • (2000) Mod Pathol. , vol.13 , pp. 238-242
    • Agoff, S.N.1    Lamps, L.W.2    Philip, A.T.3
  • 99
    • 2642546611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1, but not p53, is helpful in distinguishing moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
    • Hirsch MS, Faquin WC, Krane JF. Thyroid transcription factor-1, but not p53, is helpful in distinguishing moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Mod Pathol. 2004;17:631-636.
    • (2004) Mod Pathol. , vol.17 , pp. 631-636
    • Hirsch, M.S.1    Faquin, W.C.2    Krane, J.F.3
  • 100
    • 0029875197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody to thyroid transcription factor-1: Production, characterization, and usefulness in tumor diagnosis
    • Holzinger A, Dingle S, Bejarano PA, et al. Monoclonal antibody to thyroid transcription factor-1: Production, characterization, and usefulness in tumor diagnosis. Hybridoma. 1996;15:49-53.
    • (1996) Hybridoma , vol.15 , pp. 49-53
    • Holzinger, A.1    Dingle, S.2    Bejarano, P.A.3
  • 101
    • 25144517362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variable sensitivity and specificity of TTF-1 antibodies in lung metastatic adenocarcinoma of colorectal origin
    • Compérat E, Zhang F, Perrotin C, et al. Variable sensitivity and specificity of TTF-1 antibodies in lung metastatic adenocarcinoma of colorectal origin. Mod Pathol. 2005;18: 1371-1376.
    • (2005) Mod Pathol. , vol.18 , pp. 1371-1376
    • Compérat, E.1    Zhang, F.2    Perrotin, C.3
  • 102
    • 77649174473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of thyroid transcription factor-1 expression by 2 monoclonal antibodies in pulmonary and nonpulmonary primary tumors
    • Matoso A, Singh K, Jacob R, et al. Comparison of thyroid transcription factor-1 expression by 2 monoclonal antibodies in pulmonary and nonpulmonary primary tumors. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2010;18:142-149.
    • (2010) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.18 , pp. 142-149
    • Matoso, A.1    Singh, K.2    Jacob, R.3
  • 103
    • 0029932829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TTF-1 gene expression in human lung tumours
    • Fabbro D, Di Loreto C, Stamerra O, et al. TTF-1 gene expression in human lung tumours. Eur J Cancer. 1996;32A: 512-517.
    • (1996) Eur J Cancer. , vol.32 A , pp. 512-517
    • Fabbro, D.1    Di Loreto, C.2    Stamerra, O.3
  • 104
    • 0032936648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1: Immunohistochemical evaluation in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
    • Folpe AL, Gown AM, Lamps LW, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1: Immunohistochemical evaluation in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Mod Pathol. 1999;12:5-8.
    • (1999) Mod Pathol. , vol.12 , pp. 5-8
    • Folpe, A.L.1    Gown, A.M.2    Lamps, L.W.3
  • 105
    • 0034763904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 7 and 20 and thyroid transcription factor 1 can help distinguish pulmonary from gastrointestinal carcinoid and pancreatic endocrine tumors
    • Cai YC, Banner B, Glickman J, et al. Cytokeratin 7 and 20 and thyroid transcription factor 1 can help distinguish pulmonary from gastrointestinal carcinoid and pancreatic endocrine tumors. Hum Pathol. 2001;32:1087-1093.
    • (2001) Hum Pathol. , vol.32 , pp. 1087-1093
    • Cai, Y.C.1    Banner, B.2    Glickman, J.3
  • 106
    • 0036213930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 in the spectrum of neuroendocrine cell lung proliferations with special interest in carcinoids
    • Sturm N, Rossi G, Lantuejoul S, et al. Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 in the spectrum of neuroendocrine cell lung proliferations with special interest in carcinoids. Hum Pathol. 2002;33:175-182.
    • (2002) Hum Pathol. , vol.33 , pp. 175-182
    • Sturm, N.1    Rossi, G.2    Lantuejoul, S.3
  • 107
    • 0036222140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of thyroid transcription factor-1 and surfactant apoprotein A in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary carcinomas: A study of 109 cases
    • Zamecnik J, Kodet R. Value of thyroid transcription factor-1 and surfactant apoprotein A in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary carcinomas: A study of 109 cases. Virchows Arch. 2002;440:353-361.
    • (2002) Virchows Arch. , vol.440 , pp. 353-361
    • Zamecnik, J.1    Kodet, R.2
  • 108
    • 1842685136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The utility and limitation of thyroid transcription factor-1 protein in primary and metastatic pulmonary neoplasms
    • Chang YL, Lee YC, LiaoWY, et al. The utility and limitation of thyroid transcription factor-1 protein in primary and metastatic pulmonary neoplasms. Lung Cancer. 2004;44:149-157.
    • (2004) Lung Cancer. , vol.44 , pp. 149-157
    • Chang, Y.L.1    Liaowy, L.Y.2
  • 109
    • 3142568489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TTF-1 expression is specific for lung primary in typical and atypical carcinoids: TTF-1-positive carcinoids are predominantly in peripheral location
    • Du EZ, Goldstraw P, Zacharias J, et al. TTF-1 expression is specific for lung primary in typical and atypical carcinoids: TTF-1-positive carcinoids are predominantly in peripheral location. Hum Pathol. 2004;35:825-831.
    • (2004) Hum Pathol. , vol.35 , pp. 825-831
    • Du, E.Z.1    Goldstraw, P.2    Zacharias, J.3
  • 110
    • 4344564788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of TTF-1 and cytokeratins in primary and secondary epithelial lung tumours: Correlation with histological type and grade
    • Jerome Marson V, Mazieres J, Groussard O, et al. Expression of TTF-1 and cytokeratins in primary and secondary epithelial lung tumours: Correlation with histological type and grade. Histopathology. 2004;45:125-134.
    • (2004) Histopathology. , vol.45 , pp. 125-134
    • Jerome Marson, V.1    Mazieres, J.2    Groussard, O.3
  • 111
    • 33748860926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinction of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma from small cell lung carcinoma: A morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis
    • Hiroshima K, Iyoda A, Shida T, et al. Distinction of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma from small cell lung carcinoma: A morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:1358-1368.
    • (2006) Mod Pathol. , vol.19 , pp. 1358-1368
    • Hiroshima, K.1    Iyoda, A.2    Shida, T.3
  • 112
    • 77957969699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TTF1 expression in normal lung neuroendocrine cells and related tumors: Immunohistochemical study comparing two different monoclonal antibodies
    • La Rosa S, Chiaravalli AM, Placidi C, et al. TTF1 expression in normal lung neuroendocrine cells and related tumors: Immunohistochemical study comparing two different monoclonal antibodies. Virchows Arch. 2010;457:497-507.
    • (2010) Virchows Arch. , vol.457 , pp. 497-507
    • La Rosa, S.1    Chiaravalli, A.M.2    Placidi, C.3
  • 113
    • 80053336553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of spindle-cell carcinoid tumour of the lung
    • Tsuta K, Kalhor N, Wistuba II, et al. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of spindle-cell carcinoid tumour of the lung. Histopathology. 2011;59:526-536.
    • (2011) Histopathology. , vol.59 , pp. 526-536
    • Tsuta, K.1    Kalhor, N.2    Wistuba, I.I.3
  • 114
    • 84880922756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of squamous cell carcinoma markers and adenocarcinoma markers in primary pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas
    • Masai K, Tsuta K, Kawago M, et al. Expression of squamous cell carcinoma markers and adenocarcinoma markers in primary pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2013;21:292-297.
    • (2013) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.21 , pp. 292-297
    • Masai, K.1    Tsuta, K.2    Kawago, M.3
  • 115
    • 17344374131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAX8 mutations associated with congenital hypothyroidism caused by thyroid dysgenesis
    • Macchia PE, Lapi P, Krude H, et al. PAX8 mutations associated with congenital hypothyroidism caused by thyroid dysgenesis. Nat Genet. 1998;19:83-86.
    • (1998) Nat Genet. , vol.19 , pp. 83-86
    • Macchia, P.E.1    Lapi, P.2    Krude, H.3
  • 116
    • 0031777309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Follicular cells of the thyroid gland require Pax8 gene function
    • Mansouri A, Chowdhury K, Gruss P. Follicular cells of the thyroid gland require Pax8 gene function. Nat Genet. 1998;19:87-90.
    • (1998) Nat Genet. , vol.19 , pp. 87-90
    • Mansouri, A.1    Chowdhury, K.2    Gruss, P.3
  • 117
    • 0025084237 scopus 로고
    • Pax8 a murine paired box gene expressed in the developing excretory system and thyroid gland
    • Plachov D, Chowdhury K, Walther C, et al. Pax8 a murine paired box gene expressed in the developing excretory system and thyroid gland. Development. 1990;110:643-651.
    • (1990) Development. , vol.110 , pp. 643-651
    • Plachov, D.1    Chowdhury, K.2    Walther, C.3
  • 118
    • 0037112237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nephric lineage specification by Pax2 and Pax8
    • Bouchard M, Souabni A, Mandler M, et al. Nephric lineage specification by Pax2 and Pax8. Genes Dev. 2002;16: 2958-2970.
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 2958-2970
    • Bouchard, M.1    Souabni, A.2    Mandler, M.3
  • 119
    • 10744220410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression patterns in ovarian carcinomas
    • Schaner ME, Ross DT, Ciaravino G, et al. Gene expression patterns in ovarian carcinomas. Mol Biol Cell. 2003;14: 4376-4386.
    • (2003) Mol Biol Cell. , vol.14 , pp. 4376-4386
    • Schaner, M.E.1    Ross, D.T.2    Ciaravino, G.3
  • 120
    • 38649127254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factors Pax8 and TTF-2 (FoxE1) in thyroid epithelial neoplasms
    • Nonaka D, Tang Y, Chiriboga L, et al. Diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factors Pax8 and TTF-2 (FoxE1) in thyroid epithelial neoplasms. Mod Pathol. 2008; 21:192-200.
    • (2008) Mod Pathol. , vol.21 , pp. 192-200
    • Nonaka, D.1    Tang, Y.2    Chiriboga, L.3
  • 121
    • 53449089335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of pax8 as a useful marker in distinguishing ovarian carcinomas from mammary carcinomas
    • Nonaka D, Chiriboga L, Soslow RA. Expression of pax8 as a useful marker in distinguishing ovarian carcinomas from mammary carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:1566-1571.
    • (2008) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.32 , pp. 1566-1571
    • Nonaka, D.1    Chiriboga, L.2    Soslow, R.A.3
  • 122
    • 69549116604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of PAX8 in normal and neoplastic renal tissues: An immunohistochemical study
    • Tong GX, Yu WM, Beaubier NT, et al. Expression of PAX8 in normal and neoplastic renal tissues: An immunohistochemical study. Mod Pathol. 2009;22:1218-1227.
    • (2009) Mod Pathol. , vol.22 , pp. 1218-1227
    • Tong, G.X.1    Yu, W.M.2    Beaubier, N.T.3
  • 123
    • 77951820987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAX8 Expression in well-differentiated pancreatic endocrine tumors: Correlation with clinicopathologic features and comparison with gastrointestinal and pulmonary carcinoid tumors
    • Long KB, Srivastava A, Hirsch MS, et al. PAX8 Expression in well-differentiated pancreatic endocrine tumors: Correlation with clinicopathologic features and comparison with gastrointestinal and pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:723-729.
    • (2010) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.34 , pp. 723-729
    • Long, K.B.1    Srivastava, A.2    Hirsch, M.S.3
  • 124
    • 79952187699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAX8 expression reliably distinguishes pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors from ileal and pulmonary well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma
    • Sangoi AR, Ohgami RS, Pai RK, et al. PAX8 expression reliably distinguishes pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors from ileal and pulmonary well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2011;24:412-424.
    • (2011) Mod Pathol. , vol.24 , pp. 412-424
    • Sangoi, A.R.1    Ohgami, R.S.2    Pai, R.K.3
  • 125
    • 79957924099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAX 8 expression in non-neoplastic tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic tumors: A comprehensive immunohistochemical study
    • Ozcan A, Shen SS, Hamilton C, et al. PAX 8 expression in non-neoplastic tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic tumors: A comprehensive immunohistochemical study. Mod Pathol. 2011;24:751-764.
    • (2011) Mod Pathol. , vol.24 , pp. 751-764
    • Ozcan, A.1    Shen, S.S.2    Hamilton, C.3
  • 126
    • 80051634137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAX8 is expressed in pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and in extrapancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens
    • Haynes CM, Sangoi AR, Pai RK. PAX8 is expressed in pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and in extrapancreatic poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens. Cancer Cytopathol. 2011;119:193-201.
    • (2011) Cancer Cytopathol. , vol.119 , pp. 193-201
    • Haynes, C.M.1    Sangoi, A.R.2    Pai, R.K.3
  • 127
    • 79958019473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive analysis of PAX8 expression in human epithelial tumors
    • Laury AR, Perets R, Piao H, et al. A comprehensive analysis of PAX8 expression in human epithelial tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35:816-826.
    • (2011) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.35 , pp. 816-826
    • Laury, A.R.1    Perets, R.2    Piao, H.3
  • 128
    • 79959310044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of PAX8 in normal and neoplastic tissues: A comprehensive immunohistochemical study
    • Tacha D, Zhou D, Cheng L. Expression of PAX8 in normal and neoplastic tissues: A comprehensive immunohistochemical study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2011;19:293-299.
    • (2011) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.19 , pp. 293-299
    • Tacha, D.1    Zhou, D.2    Cheng, L.3
  • 129
    • 84855500753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical assessment of Pax8 expression during pancreatic islet development and in human neuroendocrine tumors
    • Lorenzo PI, Jimenez Moreno CM, Delgado I, et al. Immunohistochemical assessment of Pax8 expression during pancreatic islet development and in human neuroendocrine tumors. Histochem Cell Biol. 2011;136:595-607.
    • (2011) Histochem Cell Biol. , vol.136 , pp. 595-607
    • Lorenzo, P.I.1    Jimenez Moreno, C.M.2    Delgado, I.3
  • 130
    • 84871989829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAX8 mouse monoclonal antibody [BC12] recognizes a restricted epitope and is highly sensitive in renal cell and ovarian cancers but does not crossreact with b cells and tumors of pancreatic origin
    • Tacha D, Qi W, Zhou D, et al. PAX8 mouse monoclonal antibody [BC12] recognizes a restricted epitope and is highly sensitive in renal cell and ovarian cancers but does not crossreact with b cells and tumors of pancreatic origin. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2013;21:59-63.
    • (2013) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.21 , pp. 59-63
    • Tacha, D.1    Qi, W.2    Zhou, D.3
  • 131
    • 84879955194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ISL1 expression is not restricted to pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms, but is also commonly found in well and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms of extrapancreatic origin
    • Agaimy A, Erlenbach-Wunsch K, Konukiewitz B, et al. ISL1 expression is not restricted to pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms, but is also commonly found in well and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms of extrapancreatic origin. Mod Pathol. 2013;26:995-1003.
    • (2013) Mod Pathol. , vol.26 , pp. 995-1003
    • Agaimy, A.1    Erlenbach-Wunsch, K.2    Konukiewitz, B.3
  • 132
    • 67650503793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sonic hedgehog and pancreatic-duodenal homeobox 1 expression distinguish between duodenal and pancreatic gastrinomas
    • Fendrich V, Ramerth R, Waldmann J, et al. Sonic hedgehog and pancreatic-duodenal homeobox 1 expression distinguish between duodenal and pancreatic gastrinomas. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2009;16:613-622.
    • (2009) Endocr Relat Cancer , vol.16 , pp. 613-622
    • Fendrich, V.1    Ramerth, R.2    Waldmann, J.3
  • 133
    • 70349678291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KIT is an independent prognostic marker for pancreatic endocrine tumors: A finding derived from analysis of islet cell differentiation markers
    • Zhang L, Smyrk TC, Oliveira AM, et al. KIT is an independent prognostic marker for pancreatic endocrine tumors: A finding derived from analysis of islet cell differentiation markers. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009;33:1562-1569.
    • (2009) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.33 , pp. 1562-1569
    • Zhang, L.1    Smyrk, T.C.2    Oliveira, A.M.3
  • 135
    • 80053211046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary renal carcinoid tumors: Clinicopathologic features of 9 cases with emphasis on novel immunohistochemical findings
    • Jeung JA, Cao D, Selli BW, et al. Primary renal carcinoid tumors: Clinicopathologic features of 9 cases with emphasis on novel immunohistochemical findings. Hum Pathol. 2011;42: 1554-1561.
    • (2011) Hum Pathol. , vol.42 , pp. 1554-1561
    • Jeung, J.A.1    Cao, D.2    Selli, B.W.3
  • 136
    • 0030897629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Pax4 gene is essential for differentiation of insulin-producing beta cells in the mammalian pancreas
    • Sosa-Pineda B, Chowdhury K, Torres M, et al. The Pax4 gene is essential for differentiation of insulin-producing beta cells in the mammalian pancreas. Nature. 1997;386:399-402.
    • (1997) Nature. , vol.386 , pp. 399-402
    • Sosa-Pineda, B.1    Chowdhury, K.2    Torres, M.3
  • 137
    • 0030914931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pax6 is required for differentiation of glucagon-producing alpha-cells in mouse pancreas
    • St-Onge L, Sosa-Pineda B, Chowdhury K, et al. Pax6 is required for differentiation of glucagon-producing alpha-cells in mouse pancreas. Nature. 1997;387:406-409.
    • (1997) Nature. , vol.387 , pp. 406-409
    • St-Onge, L.1    Sosa-Pineda, B.2    Chowdhury, K.3
  • 138
    • 1842330860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis reveals that PAX6 is required for normal transcription of pancreatic hormone genes and islet development
    • Sander M, Neubuser A, Kalamaras J, et al. Genetic analysis reveals that PAX6 is required for normal transcription of pancreatic hormone genes and islet development. Genes Dev. 1997;11:1662-1673.
    • (1997) Genes Dev. , vol.11 , pp. 1662-1673
    • Sander, M.1    Neubuser, A.2    Kalamaras, J.3
  • 140
    • 0025280050 scopus 로고
    • Insulin gene enhancer binding protein Isl-1 is a member of a novel class of proteins containing both a homeo- and a Cys-His domain
    • Karlsson O, Thor S, Norberg T, et al. Insulin gene enhancer binding protein Isl-1 is a member of a novel class of proteins containing both a homeo- and a Cys-His domain. Nature. 1990;344:879-882.
    • (1990) Nature. , vol.344 , pp. 879-882
    • Karlsson, O.1    Thor, S.2    Norberg, T.3
  • 141
    • 0026335927 scopus 로고
    • The homeodomain LIM protein Isl-1 is expressed in subsets of neurons and endocrine cells in the adult rat
    • Thor S, Ericson J, Brannstrom T, et al. The homeodomain LIM protein Isl-1 is expressed in subsets of neurons and endocrine cells in the adult rat. Neuron. 1991;7:881-889.
    • (1991) Neuron. , vol.7 , pp. 881-889
    • Thor, S.1    Ericson, J.2    Brannstrom, T.3
  • 142
    • 0031020002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent requirement for ISL1 in formation of pancreatic mesenchyme and islet cells
    • Ahlgren U, Pfaff SL, Jessell TM, et al. Independent requirement for ISL1 in formation of pancreatic mesenchyme and islet cells. Nature. 1997;385:257-260.
    • (1997) Nature. , vol.385 , pp. 257-260
    • Ahlgren, U.1    Pfaff, S.L.2    Jessell, T.M.3
  • 143
    • 0031019645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical expression of tissue specific transcription factor-1 in lung carcinoma
    • Di Loreto C, Di Lauro V, Puglisi F, et al. Immunocytochemical expression of tissue specific transcription factor-1 in lung carcinoma. J Clin Pathol. 1997;50:30-32.
    • (1997) J Clin Pathol. , vol.50 , pp. 30-32
    • Di Loreto, C.1    Di Lauro, V.2    Puglisi, F.3
  • 144
    • 0033958853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in small cell lung carcinoma and Merkel cell tumor
    • Byrd-Gloster AL, Khoor A, Glass LF, et al. Differential expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 in small cell lung carcinoma and Merkel cell tumor. Hum Pathol. 2000;31:58-62.
    • (2000) Hum Pathol. , vol.31 , pp. 58-62
    • Byrd-Gloster, A.L.1    Khoor, A.2    Glass, L.F.3
  • 145
    • 0033999509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of thyroid transcription factor-1 and cytokeratin 20 separates merkel cell carcinoma from small cell carcinoma of lung
    • Hanly AJ, Elgart GW, Jorda M, et al. Analysis of thyroid transcription factor-1 and cytokeratin 20 separates merkel cell carcinoma from small cell carcinoma of lung. J Cutan Pathol. 2000;27:118-120.
    • (2000) J Cutan Pathol. , vol.27 , pp. 118-120
    • Hanly, A.J.1    Elgart, G.W.2    Jorda, M.3
  • 146
    • 0033843564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of thyroid transcription factor-1 immunostaining in distinguishing small cell lung carcinomas from other small cell carcinomas
    • Ordónez NG. Value of thyroid transcription factor-1 immunostaining in distinguishing small cell lung carcinomas from other small cell carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:1217-1223.
    • (2000) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.24 , pp. 1217-1223
    • Ordónez, N.G.1
  • 147
    • 0035110093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostaining for thyroid transcription factor 1 and cytokeratin 20 aids the distinction of small cell carcinoma from Merkel cell carcinoma, but not pulmonary from extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas
    • Cheuk W, Kwan MY, Suster S, et al. Immunostaining for thyroid transcription factor 1 and cytokeratin 20 aids the distinction of small cell carcinoma from Merkel cell carcinoma, but not pulmonary from extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125:228-231.
    • (2001) Arch Pathol Lab Med. , vol.125 , pp. 228-231
    • Cheuk, W.1    Kwan, M.Y.2    Suster, S.3
  • 148
    • 0034981619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell carcinoma of the breast-additional immunohistochemical studies
    • Shin SJ, DeLellis RA, Rosen PP. Small cell carcinoma of the breast-additional immunohistochemical studies. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:831-832.
    • (2001) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.25 , pp. 831-832
    • Shin, S.J.1    Delellis, R.A.2    Rosen, P.P.3
  • 149
    • 0034851151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell carcinoma can be distinguished from metastatic small cell carcinoma using antibodies to cytokeratin 20 and thyroid transcription factor 1
    • Leech SN, Kolar AJ, Barrett PD, et al. Merkel cell carcinoma can be distinguished from metastatic small cell carcinoma using antibodies to cytokeratin 20 and thyroid transcription factor 1. J Clin Pathol. 2001;54:727-729.
    • (2001) J Clin Pathol. , vol.54 , pp. 727-729
    • Leech, S.N.1    Kolar, A.J.2    Barrett, P.D.3
  • 150
    • 0034817033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor 1 and cytokeratins 1, 5, 10, 14 (34betaE12) expression in basaloid and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung
    • Sturm N, Lantuejoul S, Laverriere MH, et al. Thyroid transcription factor 1 and cytokeratins 1, 5, 10, 14 (34betaE12) expression in basaloid and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung. Hum Pathol. 2001;32:918-925.
    • (2001) Hum Pathol. , vol.32 , pp. 918-925
    • Sturm, N.1    Lantuejoul, S.2    Laverriere, M.H.3
  • 151
    • 0035950376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of thyroid transcription factor 1 PE-10 and cytokeratins 7 and 20 in discriminating between primary lung carcinomas and metastatic lesions in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens
    • Chhieng DC, Cangiarella JF, Zakowski MF, et al. Use of thyroid transcription factor 1, PE-10, and cytokeratins 7 and 20 in discriminating between primary lung carcinomas and metastatic lesions in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens. Cancer. 2001;93:330-336.
    • (2001) Cancer. , vol.93 , pp. 330-336
    • Chhieng, D.C.1    Cangiarella, J.F.2    Zakowski, M.F.3
  • 152
    • 85047687121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P63 and TTF-1 immunostaining. A useful marker panel for distinguishing small cell carcinoma of lung from poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of lung
    • Wu M, Wang B, Gil J, et al. p63 and TTF-1 immunostaining. A useful marker panel for distinguishing small cell carcinoma of lung from poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of lung. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003;119:696-702.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Pathol. , vol.119 , pp. 696-702
    • Wu, M.1    Wang, B.2    Gil, J.3
  • 153
    • 0347419411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression in human lung carcinomas: Its prognostic implication and relationship with wxpressions of p53 and Ki-67 proteins
    • Myong NH. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression in human lung carcinomas: Its prognostic implication and relationship with wxpressions of p53 and Ki-67 proteins. J Korean Med Sci. 2003;18:494-500.
    • (2003) J Korean Med Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 494-500
    • Myong, N.H.1
  • 154
    • 0344586760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary esophageal small cell carcinoma with concomitant invasive squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ
    • Yamamoto J, Ohshima K, Ikeda S, et al. Primary esophageal small cell carcinoma with concomitant invasive squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ. Hum Pathol. 2003;34: 1108-1115.
    • (2003) Hum Pathol. , vol.34 , pp. 1108-1115
    • Yamamoto, J.1    Ohshima, K.2    Ikeda, S.3
  • 155
    • 1242292945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD117 CK20 TTF-1 and DNA topoisomerase II-alpha antigen expression in small cell tumors
    • Yang DT, Holden JA, Florell SR. CD117, CK20, TTF-1, and DNA topoisomerase II-alpha antigen expression in small cell tumors. J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31:254-261.
    • (2004) J Cutan Pathol. , vol.31 , pp. 254-261
    • Yang, D.T.1    Holden, J.A.2    Florell, S.R.3
  • 156
    • 1842853121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostaining for thyroid transcription factor-1 on fine-needle aspiration specimens of lung tumors: A comparison of direct smears and cell block preparations
    • Liu J, Farhood A. Immunostaining for thyroid transcription factor-1 on fine-needle aspiration specimens of lung tumors: A comparison of direct smears and cell block preparations. Cancer. 2004;102:109-114.
    • (2004) Cancer. , vol.102 , pp. 109-114
    • Liu, J.1    Farhood, A.2
  • 157
    • 2542460515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell carcinoma of the major salivary glands: Clinicopathologic study with emphasis on cytokeratin 20 immunoreactivity and clinical outcome
    • Nagao T, Gaffey TA, Olsen KD, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the major salivary glands: Clinicopathologic study with emphasis on cytokeratin 20 immunoreactivity and clinical outcome. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28:762-770.
    • (2004) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.28 , pp. 762-770
    • Nagao, T.1    Gaffey, T.A.2    Olsen, K.D.3
  • 158
    • 4644371372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder A clinico-pathological study of ten cases
    • Soriano P, Navarro S, Gil M, et al. Small-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. A clinico-pathological study of ten cases. Virchows Arch. 2004;445:292-297.
    • (2004) Virchows Arch. , vol.445 , pp. 292-297
    • Soriano, P.1    Navarro, S.2    Gil, M.3
  • 159
    • 4644308172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type
    • McCluggage WG, Oliva E, Connolly LE, et al. An immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;23:330-336.
    • (2004) Int J Gynecol Pathol. , vol.23 , pp. 330-336
    • McCluggage, W.G.1    Oliva, E.2    Connolly, L.E.3
  • 160
    • 4644241109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor-1 immunocytochemical staining of pleural fluid cytocentrifuge preparations for detection of small cell lung carcinoma
    • Liu J, Farhood A. Thyroid transcription factor-1 immunocytochemical staining of pleural fluid cytocentrifuge preparations for detection of small cell lung carcinoma. Acta Cytol. 2004;48:635-640.
    • (2004) Acta Cytol. , vol.48 , pp. 635-640
    • Liu, J.1    Farhood, A.2
  • 161
    • 12344267160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinction of pulmonary small cell carcinoma from poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical approach
    • Zhang H, Liu J, Cagle PT, et al. Distinction of pulmonary small cell carcinoma from poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical approach. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:111-118.
    • (2005) Mod Pathol. , vol.18 , pp. 111-118
    • Zhang, H.1    Liu, J.2    Cagle, P.T.3
  • 162
    • 17744384708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampulla of vater: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 14 cases
    • Nassar H, Albores-Saavedra J, Klimstra DS. High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampulla of vater: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical
    • (2005) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.29 , pp. 588-594
    • Nassar, H.1    Albores-Saavedra, J.2    Klimstra, D.S.3
  • 163
    • 20644455344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 20 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma in search of prognostic markers
    • Llombart B, Monteagudo C, Lopez-Guerrero JA, et al. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 20 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma in search of prognostic markers. Histopathology. 2005;46:622-634.
    • (2005) Histopathology. , vol.46 , pp. 622-634
    • Llombart, B.1    Monteagudo, C.2    Lopez-Guerrero, J.A.3
  • 164
    • 23444443878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: An immunohistochemical profile of 44 cases
    • Jones TD, Kernek KM, Yang XJ, et al. Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: An immunohistochemical profile of 44 cases. Hum Pathol. 2005;36:718-723.
    • (2005) Hum Pathol. , vol.36 , pp. 718-723
    • Jones, T.D.1    Kernek, K.M.2    Yang, X.J.3
  • 165
    • 25444434622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytology applications of p63 and TTF-1 immunostaining in differential diagnosis of lung cancers
    • Wu M, Szporn AH, Zhang D, et al. Cytology applications of p63 and TTF-1 immunostaining in differential diagnosis of lung cancers. Diagn Cytopathol. 2005;33:223-227.
    • (2005) Diagn Cytopathol. , vol.33 , pp. 223-227
    • Wu, M.1    Szporn, A.H.2    Zhang, D.3
  • 166
    • 33747644456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical distinction between merkel cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma of the lung
    • Bobos M, Hytiroglou P, Kostopoulos I, et al. Immunohistochemical distinction between merkel cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma of the lung. Am J Dermatopathol. 2006;28:99-104.
    • (2006) Am J Dermatopathol. , vol.28 , pp. 99-104
    • Bobos, M.1    Hytiroglou, P.2    Kostopoulos, I.3
  • 167
    • 33745890595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: An immunohistochemical study
    • Yao JL, Madeb R, Bourne P, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: An immunohistochemical study. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:705-712.
    • (2006) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.30 , pp. 705-712
    • Yao, J.L.1    Madeb, R.2    Bourne, P.3
  • 168
    • 33746271856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TTF-1 and p63 for distinguishing pulmonary small-cell carcinoma from poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in previously pap-stained cytologic material
    • Kalhor N, Zander DS, Liu J. TTF-1 and p63 for distinguishing pulmonary small-cell carcinoma from poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in previously pap-stained cytologic material. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:1117-1123.
    • (2006) Mod Pathol. , vol.19 , pp. 1117-1123
    • Kalhor, N.1    Zander, D.S.2    Liu, J.3
  • 169
    • 66149120348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 21 cases
    • Yun JP, Zhang MF, Hou JH, et al. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 21 cases. BMC Cancer. 2007;7:38.
    • (2007) BMC Cancer. , vol.7 , pp. 38
    • Yun, J.P.1    Zhang, M.F.2    Hou, J.H.3
  • 170
    • 34548128430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarker-assisted diagnosis of ovarian, cervical and pulmonary small cell carcinomas: The role of TTF-1, WT-1 and HPV analysis
    • Carlson JW, Nucci MR, Brodsky J, et al. Biomarker-assisted diagnosis of ovarian, cervical and pulmonary small cell carcinomas: The role of TTF-1, WT-1 and HPV analysis. Histopathology. 2007;51:305-312.
    • (2007) Histopathology. , vol.51 , pp. 305-312
    • Carlson, J.W.1    Nucci, M.R.2    Brodsky J3
  • 171
    • 35348966924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary colorectal small cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 10 cases
    • El Demellawy D, Khalifa MA, Ismiil N, et al. Primary colorectal small cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 10 cases. Diagn Pathol. 2007;2:35.
    • (2007) Diagn Pathol. , vol.2 , pp. 35
    • El Demellawy, D.1    Khalifa, M.A.2    Ismiil, N.3
  • 172
    • 36248940787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large cell and small cell neuroendocrine bladder carcinoma: Immunohistochemical and outcome study in a single institution
    • Alijo Serrano F, Sanchez-Mora N, Angel Arranz J, et al. Large cell and small cell neuroendocrine bladder carcinoma: Immunohistochemical and outcome study in a single institution. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007;128:733-739.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Pathol. , vol.128 , pp. 733-739
    • Alijo Serrano, F.1    Sanchez-Mora, N.2    Angel Arranz, J.3
  • 173
    • 37349100847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic value of TTF-1 CK 5/6 and p63 immunostaining in classification of lung carcinomas
    • Kargi A, Gurel D, Tuna B. The diagnostic value of TTF-1, CK 5/6, and p63 immunostaining in classification of lung carcinomas. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2007;15: 415-420.
    • (2007) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.15 , pp. 415-420
    • Kargi, A.1    Gurel, D.2    Tuna, B.3
  • 174
    • 77953158473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superficial primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 15 cases
    • Lu J, Xue LY, Lu N, et al. Superficial primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 15 cases. Dis Esophagus. 2010;23:153-159.
    • (2010) Dis Esophagus. , vol.23 , pp. 153-159
    • Lu, J.1    Xue, L.Y.2    Lu, N.3
  • 175
    • 37549037864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell carcinoma of the prostate. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 95 cases.
    • Wang W, Epstein JI. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 95 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:65-71.
    • (2008) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.32 , pp. 65-71
    • Wang, W.1    Epstein, J.I.2
  • 176
    • 57749093574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MASH1: A useful marker in differentiating pulmonary small cell carcinoma from Merkel cell carcinoma
    • Ralston J, Chiriboga L, Nonaka D. MASH1: A useful marker in differentiating pulmonary small cell carcinoma from Merkel cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2008;21:1357-1362.
    • (2008) Mod Pathol. , vol.21 , pp. 1357-1362
    • Ralston, J.1    Chiriboga, L.2    Nonaka, D.3
  • 177
    • 77950241708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An immunohistochemical study of cervical neuroendocrine carcinomas: Neoplasms that are commonly TTF1 positive and which may express CK20 and P63
    • McCluggage WG, Kennedy K, Busam KJ. An immunohistochemical study of cervical neuroendocrine carcinomas: Neoplasms that are commonly TTF1 positive and which may express CK20 and P63. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:525-532.
    • (2010) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.34 , pp. 525-532
    • McCluggage, W.G.1    Kennedy, K.2    Busam, K.J.3
  • 178
    • 77955749693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell carcinomas in gastrointestinal tract: Immunohistochemical and clinicopathological features
    • Li AF, Li AC, Hsu CY, et al. Small cell carcinomas in gastrointestinal tract: Immunohistochemical and clinicopathological features. J Clin Pathol. 2010;63:620-625.
    • (2010) J Clin Pathol. , vol.63 , pp. 620-625
    • Li, A.F.1    Li, A.C.2    Hsu, C.Y.3
  • 179
    • 77955392776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral cavity neuroendocrine carcinoma: A comparison study with cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma and other mucosal head and neck neuroendocrine carcinomas
    • Lewis JS Jr, Duncavage E, Klonowski PW. Oral cavity neuroendocrine carcinoma: A comparison study with cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma and other mucosal head and neck neuroendocrine carcinomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010;110:209-217.
    • (2010) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. , vol.110 , pp. 209-217
    • Lewis Jr., J.S.1    Duncavage, E.2    Klonowski, P.W.3
  • 180
    • 79957690377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of TdT in Merkel cell carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma
    • Sidiropoulos M, Hanna W, Raphael SJ, et al. Expression of TdT in Merkel cell carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011;135:831-838.
    • (2011) Am J Clin Pathol. , vol.135 , pp. 831-838
    • Sidiropoulos, M.1    Hanna, W.2    Raphael, S.J.3
  • 181
    • 80052765911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical profile of urothelial and small cell carcinomas of the bladder
    • Fernández-Acen? ero MJ, Cordova S, Manzarbeitia F, et al. Immunohistochemical profile of urothelial and small cell carcinomas of the bladder. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011;17:519-523.
    • (2011) Pathol Oncol Res. , vol.17 , pp. 519-523
    • Fernández-Acenero, M.J.1    Cordova, S.2    Manzarbeitia, F.3
  • 182
    • 80052704803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinction of high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma/small cell carcinoma from conventional urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: An immunohistochemical approach
    • Thompson S, Cioffi-Lavina M, Chapman-Fredricks J, et al. Distinction of high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma/small cell carcinoma from conventional urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: An immunohistochemical approach. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2011;19:395-399.
    • (2011) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.19 , pp. 395-399
    • Thompson, S.1    Cioffi-Lavina, M.2    Chapman-Fredricks, J.3
  • 183
    • 84865373832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological study with identification of potential diagnostic mimics
    • Quinn AM, Blackhall F, Wilson G, et al. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological study with identification of potential diagnostic mimics. Histopathology. 2012;61:454-464.
    • (2012) Histopathology. , vol.61 , pp. 454-464
    • Quinn, A.M.1    Blackhall, F.2    Wilson, G.3
  • 184
    • 0026561237 scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 20 in human carcinomas. A new histodiagnostic marker detected by monoclonal antibodies
    • Moll R, Lowe A, Laufer J, et al. Cytokeratin 20 in human carcinomas. A new histodiagnostic marker detected by monoclonal antibodies. Am J Pathol. 1992;140:427-447.
    • (1992) Am J Pathol. , vol.140 , pp. 427-447
    • Moll, R.1    Lowe, A.2    Laufer, J.3
  • 185
    • 0028821669 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical demonstration of chromogranin A, chromogranin B, and secretoneurin in Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin: An immunohistochemical study on 18 cases suggesting two types of Merkel cell carcinoma
    • Brinkschmidt C, Stolze P, Fahrenkamp AG, et al. Immunohistochemical demonstration of chromogranin A, chromogranin B, and secretoneurin in Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin: An immunohistochemical study on 18 cases suggesting two types of Merkel cell carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem. 1995;3:37-44.
    • (1995) Appl Immunohistochem. , vol.3 , pp. 37-44
    • Brinkschmidt, C.1    Stolze, P.2    Fahrenkamp, A.G.3
  • 186
    • 0029013612 scopus 로고
    • Coordinate expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 defined unique subsets of carcinomas
    • Wang NP, Zee S, Zarbo RJ, et al. Coordinate expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 defined unique subsets of carcinomas. Appl Immunohistochem. 1995;3:99-107.
    • (1995) Appl Immunohistochem. , vol.3 , pp. 99-107
    • Wang, N.P.1    Zee, S.2    Zarbo, R.J.3
  • 187
    • 0029007555 scopus 로고
    • Keratin 20: Immunohistochemical marker for gastrointestinal, urothelial, and Merkel cell carcinomas
    • Miettinen M. Keratin 20: Immunohistochemical marker for gastrointestinal, urothelial, and Merkel cell carcinomas. Mod Pathol. 1995;8:384-388.
    • (1995) Mod Pathol. , vol.8 , pp. 384-388
    • Miettinen, M.1
  • 188
    • 0031045091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 20 immunoreactivity distinguishes Merkel cell (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine) carcinomas and salivary gland small cell carcinomas from small cell carcinomas of various sites
    • Chan JK, Suster S, Wenig BM, et al. Cytokeratin 20 immunoreactivity distinguishes Merkel cell (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine) carcinomas and salivary gland small cell carcinomas from small cell carcinomas of various sites. Am J Surg Pathol. 1997;21:226-234.
    • (1997) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.21 , pp. 226-234
    • Chan, J.K.1    Suster, S.2    Wenig, B.M.3
  • 189
    • 0344972107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin and neurofilament protein staining in Merkel cell carcinoma of the small cell type and small cell carcinoma of the lung
    • Schmidt U, Muller U, Metz KA, et al. Cytokeratin and neurofilament protein staining in Merkel cell carcinoma of the small cell type and small cell carcinoma of the lung. Am J Dermatopathol. 1998;20:346-351.
    • (1998) Am J Dermatopathol. , vol.20 , pp. 346-351
    • Schmidt, U.1    Muller, U.2    Metz, K.A.3
  • 190
    • 0031824175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid: Histological and immunohistochemical features with special respect to differential diagnosis
    • Metz KA, Jacob M, Schmidt U, et al. Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid: Histological and immunohistochemical features with special respect to differential diagnosis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1998;236:561-566.
    • (1998) Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. , vol.236 , pp. 561-566
    • Metz, K.A.1    Jacob, M.2    Schmidt, U.3
  • 191
    • 0032927465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 20: A marker for diagnosing Merkel cell carcinoma
    • Scott MP, Helm KF. Cytokeratin 20: A marker for diagnosing Merkel cell carcinoma. Am J Dermatopathol. 1999;21:16-20.
    • (1999) Am J Dermatopathol. , vol.21 , pp. 16-20
    • Scott, M.P.1    Helm, K.F.2
  • 193
    • 0033843935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell carcinoma of the breast: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of nine patients
    • Shin SJ, DeLellis RA, Ying L, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the breast: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of nine patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:1231-1238.
    • (2000) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.24 , pp. 1231-1238
    • Shin, S.J.1    Delellis, R.A.2    Ying, L.3
  • 194
    • 0033795923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20 expression in epithelial neoplasms: A survey of 435 cases
    • Chu P, Wu E, Weiss LM. Cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20 expression in epithelial neoplasms: A survey of 435 cases. Mod Pathol. 2000;13:962-972.
    • (2000) Mod Pathol. , vol.13 , pp. 962-972
    • Chu, P.1    Wu, E.2    Weiss, L.M.3
  • 195
    • 0033709592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin staining in Merkel cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins 5/6 , 7, 17
    • Jensen K, Kohler S, Rouse RV. Cytokeratin staining in Merkel cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins 5/6, 7, 17.Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000;8:310-315.
    • (2000) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. , vol.8 , pp. 310-315
    • Jensen, K.1    Kohler, S.2    Rouse, R.V.3
  • 196
    • 12244282084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract
    • Kende AI, Carr NJ, Sobin LH. Expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathology. 2003;42:137-140.
    • (2003) Histopathology. , vol.42 , pp. 137-140
    • Kende, A.I.1    Carr, N.J.2    Sobin, L.H.3
  • 197
    • 1242270488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell carcinoma: A clinicopathologic study with prognostic implications
    • Mott RT, Smoller BR, Morgan MB. Merkel cell carcinoma: A clinicopathologic study with prognostic implications. J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31:217-223.
    • (2004) J Cutan Pathol. , vol.31 , pp. 217-223
    • Mott, R.T.1    Smoller, B.R.2    Morgan, M.B.3
  • 198
    • 4444375545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of adhesion molecules and cytokeratin 20 in merkel cell carcinomas
    • Tanaka Y, Sano T, Qian ZR, et al. Expression of adhesion molecules and cytokeratin 20 in merkel cell carcinomas. Endocr Pathol. 2004;15:117-129.
    • (2004) Endocr Pathol. , vol.15 , pp. 117-129
    • Tanaka, Y.1    Sano, T.2    Qian, Z.R.3
  • 199
    • 4644344485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the uterine cervix: A histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study
    • Ishida GM, Kato N, Hayasaka T, et al. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the uterine cervix: A histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2004;23:366-372.
    • (2004) Int J Gynecol Pathol. , vol.23 , pp. 366-372
    • Ishida, G.M.1    Kato, N.2    Hayasaka, T.3
  • 200
    • 28544451227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological study of 11 cases
    • Acebo E, Vidaurrazaga N, Varas C, et al. Merkel cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological study of 11 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2005;19:546-551.
    • (2005) J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. , vol.19 , pp. 546-551
    • Acebo, E.1    Vidaurrazaga, N.2    Varas, C.3
  • 201
    • 55149105653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell carcinoma with eccrine differentiation: A clinicopathologic study of 7 cases
    • Saeb-Lima M, Montante-Montes de Oca D, Albores-Saavedra J. Merkel cell carcinoma with eccrine differentiation: A clinicopathologic study of 7 cases. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2008;12:410-414.
    • (2008) Ann Diagn Pathol. , vol.12 , pp. 410-414
    • Saeb-Lima, M.1    Montante-Montes De Oca, D.2    Albores-Saavedra, J.3
  • 202
    • 81355122616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of Merkel cell polyomavirus in primary parotid high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas regardless of cytokeratin 20 immunophenotype
    • Chernock RD, Duncavage EJ, Gnepp DR, et al. Absence of Merkel cell polyomavirus in primary parotid high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas regardless of cytokeratin 20 immunophenotype. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35:1806-1811.
    • (2011) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.35 , pp. 1806-1811
    • Chernock, R.D.1    Duncavage, E.J.2    Gnepp, D.R.3
  • 203
    • 0022392007 scopus 로고
    • Cytoskeletal differences between human neuroendocrine tumors: A cytoskeletal protein of molecular weight 46,000 distinguishes cutaneous from pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms
    • Moll R, Franke WW. Cytoskeletal differences between human neuroendocrine tumors: A cytoskeletal protein of molecular weight 46,000 distinguishes cutaneous from pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms. Differentiation. 1985;30:165-175.
    • (1985) Differentiation. , vol.30 , pp. 165-175
    • Moll, R.1    Franke, W.W.2
  • 204
    • 0020467073 scopus 로고
    • The catalog of human cytokeratins: Patterns of expression in normal epithelia, tumors and cultured cells
    • Moll R, Franke WW, Schiller DL, et al. The catalog of human cytokeratins: Patterns of expression in normal epithelia, tumors and cultured cells. Cell. 1982;31:11-24.
    • (1982) Cell. , vol.31 , pp. 11-24
    • Moll, R.1    Franke, W.W.2    Schiller, D.L.3
  • 205
    • 0025354008 scopus 로고
    • Identification of protein IT of the intestinal cytoskeleton as a novel type i cytokeratin with unusual properties and expression patterns
    • Moll R, Schiller DL, Franke WW. Identification of protein IT of the intestinal cytoskeleton as a novel type I cytokeratin with unusual properties and expression patterns. J Cell Biol. 1990;111:567-580.
    • (1990) J Cell Biol. , vol.111 , pp. 567-580
    • Moll, R.1    Schiller, D.L.2    Franke, W.W.3
  • 206
    • 0023947997 scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratins in different types of human lung cancer as monitored by chain-specific monoclonal antibodies
    • Broers JL, Ramaekers FC, Rot MK, et al. Cytokeratins in different types of human lung cancer as monitored by chain-specific monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res. 1988;48: 3221-3229.
    • (1988) Cancer Res. , vol.48 , pp. 3221-3229
    • Broers, J.L.1    Ramaekers, F.C.2    Rot, M.K.3
  • 207
    • 34548349196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratins 7 and 20 immunoexpression profile in goblet cell and classical carcinoids of appendix
    • Alsaad KO, Serra S, Schmitt A, et al. Cytokeratins 7 and 20 immunoexpression profile in goblet cell and classical carcinoids of appendix. Endocr Pathol. 2007;18:16-22.
    • (2007) Endocr Pathol. , vol.18 , pp. 16-22
    • Alsaad, K.O.1    Serra, S.2    Schmitt, A.3
  • 208
    • 79952701903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathological features and immunoexpression profiles of goblet cell carcinoid and typical carcinoid of the appendix
    • Jiang Y, Long H, Wang W, et al. Clinicopathological features and immunoexpression profiles of goblet cell carcinoid and typical carcinoid of the appendix. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011;17:127-132.
    • (2011) Pathol Oncol Res. , vol.17 , pp. 127-132
    • Jiang, Y.1    Long, H.2    Wang, W.3
  • 209
    • 0030998512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and characterization of NESP55, a novel chromogranin-like precursor of a peptide with 5-HT1B receptor antagonist activity
    • Ischia R, Lovisetti-Scamihorn P, Hogue-Angeletti R, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of NESP55, a novel chromogranin-like precursor of a peptide with 5-HT1B receptor antagonist activity. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:11657-11662.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 11657-11662
    • Ischia, R.1    Lovisetti-Scamihorn, P.2    Hogue-Angeletti, R.3
  • 210
    • 0038265925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NESP55 a novel chromogranin-like peptide, is expressed in endocrine tumours of the pancreas and adrenal medulla but not in ileal carcinoids
    • Jakobsen AM, Ahlman H, Kolby L, et al. NESP55, a novel chromogranin-like peptide, is expressed in endocrine tumours of the pancreas and adrenal medulla but not in ileal carcinoids. Br J Cancer. 2003;88:1746-1754.
    • (2003) Br J Cancer. , vol.88 , pp. 1746-1754
    • Jakobsen, A.M.1    Ahlman, H.2    Kolby, L.3
  • 211
    • 5044239689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine secretory protein-55 (NESP-55) expression discriminates pancreatic endocrine tumors and pheochromocytomas from gastrointestinal and pulmonary carcinoids
    • Srivastava A, Padilla O, Fischer-Colbrie R, et al. Neuroendocrine secretory protein-55 (NESP-55) expression discriminates pancreatic endocrine tumors and pheochromocytomas from gastrointestinal and pulmonary carcinoids. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28:1371-1378.
    • (2004) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.28 , pp. 1371-1378
    • Srivastava, A.1    Padilla, O.2    Fischer-Colbrie, R.3
  • 212
    • 0027384997 scopus 로고
    • IPF1 a homeodomaincontaining transactivator of the insulin gene
    • Ohlsson H, Karlsson K, Edlund T. IPF1 a homeodomaincontaining transactivator of the insulin gene. EMBO J. 1993; 12:4251-4259.
    • (1993) EMBO J. , vol.12 , pp. 4251-4259
    • Ohlsson, H.1    Karlsson, K.2    Edlund, T.3
  • 213
    • 0027373441 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of somatostatin transactivating factor-1, a novel homeobox factor that stimulates somatostatin expression in pancreatic islet cells
    • Leonard J, Peers B, Johnson T, et al. Characterization of somatostatin transactivating factor-1, a novel homeobox factor that stimulates somatostatin expression in pancreatic islet cells. Mol Endocrinol. 1993;7:1275-1283.
    • (1993) Mol Endocrinol. , vol.7 , pp. 1275-1283
    • Leonard, J.1    Peers, B.2    Johnson, T.3
  • 214
    • 0029868156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PDX-1 is required for pancreatic outgrowth and differentiation of the rostral duodenum
    • Offield MF, Jetton TL, Labosky PA, et al. PDX-1 is required for pancreatic outgrowth and differentiation of the rostral duodenum. Development. 1996;122:983-995.
    • (1996) Development. , vol.122 , pp. 983-995
    • Offield, M.F.1    Jetton, T.L.2    Labosky, P.A.3
  • 215
    • 0028149890 scopus 로고
    • Insulin-promoterfactor 1 is required for pancreas development in mice
    • Jonsson J, Carlsson L, Edlund T, et al. Insulin-promoterfactor 1 is required for pancreas development in mice. Nature. 1994;371:606-609.
    • (1994) Nature. , vol.371 , pp. 606-609
    • Jonsson, J.1    Carlsson, L.2    Edlund, T.3
  • 216
    • 0018368299 scopus 로고
    • Substance P and enteroglucagon-like immunoreactivity in argentaffin and argyrophil midgut carcinoid tumours
    • Wilander E, Grimelius L, Portela-Gomes G, et al. Substance P and enteroglucagon-like immunoreactivity in argentaffin and argyrophil midgut carcinoid tumours. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1979;53:19-25.
    • (1979) Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. , vol.53 , pp. 19-25
    • Wilander, E.1    Grimelius, L.2    Portela-Gomes, G.3
  • 217
    • 0019773201 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical evidence of peptide hormones in endocrine tumors of the rectum
    • Alumets J, Alm P, Falkmer S, et al. Immunohistochemical evidence of peptide hormones in endocrine tumors of the rectum. Cancer. 1981;48:2409-2415.
    • (1981) Cancer. , vol.48 , pp. 2409-2415
    • Alumets, J.1    Alm, P.2    Falkmer, S.3
  • 218
    • 0020071244 scopus 로고
    • Rectal carcinoids as tumors of the hindgut endocrine cells: A morphological and immunohistochemical analysis
    • O?Briain DS, Dayal Y, DeLellis RA, et al. Rectal carcinoids as tumors of the hindgut endocrine cells: A morphological and immunohistochemical analysis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1982;6: 131-142.
    • (1982) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.6 , pp. 131-142
    • Obriain, D.S.1    Dayal, Y.2    Delellis, R.A.3
  • 219
    • 0020575420 scopus 로고
    • The neuroendocrine products of intestinal carcinoids. An immunoperoxidase study of 35 carcinoid tumors stained for serotonin and eight polypeptide hormones
    • Yang K, Ulich T, Cheng L, et al. The neuroendocrine products of intestinal carcinoids. An immunoperoxidase study of 35 carcinoid tumors stained for serotonin and eight polypeptide hormones. Cancer. 1983;51:1918-1926.
    • (1983) Cancer. , vol.51 , pp. 1918-1926
    • Yang, K.1    Ulich, T.2    Cheng, L.3
  • 220
    • 0021636853 scopus 로고
    • Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of neuroendocrine tumors of the rectum
    • Shimoda T, Ishikawa E, Sano T, et al. Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of neuroendocrine tumors of the rectum. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1984;34:1059-1077.
    • (1984) Acta Pathol Jpn. , vol.34 , pp. 1059-1077
    • Shimoda, T.1    Ishikawa, E.2    Sano, T.3
  • 221
    • 0021238519 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms
    • Warren WH, Memoli VA, Gould VE. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms. I. Carcinoids. Ultrastruct Pathol. 1984;6:15-27.
    • (1984) I. Carcinoids. Ultrastruct Pathol. , vol.6 , pp. 15-27
    • Warren, W.H.1    Memoli, V.A.2    Gould, V.E.3
  • 222
    • 0025164956 scopus 로고
    • Rectal and colonic carcinoids A clinicopathologic study of 84 cases
    • Federspiel BH, Burke AP, Sobin LH, et al. Rectal and colonic carcinoids. A clinicopathologic study of 84 cases. Cancer. 1990;65:135-140.
    • (1990) Cancer. , vol.65 , pp. 135-140
    • Federspiel, B.H.1    Burke, A.P.2    Sobin, L.H.3
  • 223
    • 0025247084 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical localization of progesterone receptors in endocrine cells of the human pancreas
    • Doglioni C, Gambacorta M, Zamboni G, et al. Immunocytochemical localization of progesterone receptors in endocrine cells of the human pancreas. Am J Pathol. 1990;137:999-1005.
    • (1990) Am J Pathol. , vol.137 , pp. 999-1005
    • Doglioni, C.1    Gambacorta, M.2    Zamboni, G.3
  • 224
    • 0026629727 scopus 로고
    • Progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in pancreatic endocrine tumors. An immunocytochemical study of 156 neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, and skin
    • Viale G, Doglioni C, Gambacorta M, et al. Progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in pancreatic endocrine tumors. An immunocytochemical study of 156 neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, and skin. Cancer. 1992;70:2268-2277.
    • (1992) Cancer. , vol.70 , pp. 2268-2277
    • Viale, G.1    Doglioni, C.2    Gambacorta, M.3
  • 225
    • 33846594846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of alternative and traditional immunohistochemical markers for the distinction of ovarian sertoli cell tumor from endometrioid tumors and carcinoid tumor: A study of 160 cases
    • Zhao C, Bratthauer GL, Barner R, et al. Comparative analysis of alternative and traditional immunohistochemical markers for the distinction of ovarian sertoli cell tumor from endometrioid tumors and carcinoid tumor: A study of 160 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:255-266.
    • (2007) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.31 , pp. 255-266
    • Zhao, C.1    Bratthauer, G.L.2    Barner, R.3
  • 226
    • 57349147752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in primary pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
    • Sica G, Wagner PL, Altorki N, et al. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in primary pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008;132:1889-1895.
    • (2008) Arch Pathol Lab Med. , vol.132 , pp. 1889-1895
    • Sica, G.1    Wagner, P.L.2    Altorki, N.3
  • 227
    • 0022618142 scopus 로고
    • Prostatic acid phosphatase activity in carcinoid tumors
    • Sobin LH, Hjermstad BM, Sesterhenn IA, et al. Prostatic acid phosphatase activity in carcinoid tumors. Cancer. 1986;58: 136-138.
    • (1986) Cancer. , vol.58 , pp. 136-138
    • Sobin, L.H.1    Hjermstad, B.M.2    Sesterhenn, I.A.3
  • 228
    • 0025863840 scopus 로고
    • Prostatic acid phosphatase in carcinoid tumors. Immunohistochemical and immunoblot studies
    • Azumi N, Traweek ST, Battifora H. Prostatic acid phosphatase in carcinoid tumors. Immunohistochemical and immunoblot studies. Am J Surg Pathol. 1991;15:785-790.
    • (1991) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.15 , pp. 785-790
    • Azumi, N.1    Traweek, S.T.2    Battifora, H.3
  • 229
    • 0018132970 scopus 로고
    • Expression of human prostatic acid phosphatase in a pancreatic islet cell carcinoma
    • Choe BK, Pontes EJ, Rose NR, et al. Expression of human prostatic acid phosphatase in a pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. Invest Urol. 1978;15:312-318.
    • (1978) Invest Urol. , vol.15 , pp. 312-318
    • Choe, B.K.1    Pontes, E.J.2    Rose, N.R.3
  • 230
    • 0019725022 scopus 로고
    • The immunohistochemical detection of prostatic acid phosphatase: Its possibilities and limitations in tumour histochemistry
    • Jobsis AC, De Vries GP, Meijer AE, et al. The immunohistochemical detection of prostatic acid phosphatase: Its possibilities and limitations in tumour histochemistry. Histochem J. 1981;13:961-973.
    • (1981) Histochem J. , vol.13 , pp. 961-973
    • Jobsis, A.C.1    De Vries, G.P.2    Meijer, A.E.3
  • 231
    • 0022967635 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of hybrid cell of thyroid follicular cell and carcinoid cell in strumal carcinoid
    • Kimura N, Sasano N, Namiki T. Evidence of hybrid cell of thyroid follicular cell and carcinoid cell in strumal carcinoid. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1986;5:269-277.
    • (1986) Int J Gynecol Pathol. , vol.5 , pp. 269-277
    • Kimura, N.1    Sasano, N.2    Namiki, T.3
  • 232
    • 0023217466 scopus 로고
    • Strumal carcinoids of the ovary. An immunohistologic and ultrastructural study
    • Stagno PA, Petras RE, Hart WR. Strumal carcinoids of the ovary. An immunohistologic and ultrastructural study. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1987;111:440-446.
    • (1987) Arch Pathol Lab Med. , vol.111 , pp. 440-446
    • Stagno, P.A.1    Petras, R.E.2    Hart, W.R.3
  • 233
    • 0027261010 scopus 로고
    • Prostatic acid phosphatase in strumal carcinoids of the ovary An immunohistochemical study
    • Sidhu J, Sanchez RL. Prostatic acid phosphatase in strumal carcinoids of the ovary. An immunohistochemical study. Cancer. 1993;72:1673-1678.
    • (1993) Cancer. , vol.72 , pp. 1673-1678
    • Sidhu, J.1    Sanchez, R.L.2
  • 234
    • 0022575076 scopus 로고
    • Subepithelial neuroendocrine cells and carcinoid tumours of the human small intestine and appendix. A comparative immunohistochemical study with regard to serotonin, neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein reactivity
    • Lundqvist M, Wilander E. Subepithelial neuroendocrine cells and carcinoid tumours of the human small intestine and appendix. A comparative immunohistochemical study with regard to serotonin, neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein reactivity. J Pathol. 1986;148:141-147.
    • (1986) J Pathol. , vol.148 , pp. 141-147
    • Lundqvist, M.1    Wilander, E.2
  • 235
    • 0026784491 scopus 로고
    • A comparative immunohistochemical study of jejunoileal and appendiceal carcinoids. Implications for histogenesis and pathogenesis
    • Moyana TN, Satkunam N. A comparative immunohistochemical study of jejunoileal and appendiceal carcinoids. Implications for histogenesis and pathogenesis. Cancer. 1992;70:1081-1088.
    • (1992) Cancer. , vol.70 , pp. 1081-1088
    • Moyana, T.N.1    Satkunam, N.2
  • 236
    • 0025106131 scopus 로고
    • Bronchial carcinoids with S-100 positive sustentacular cells. A comparative study with gastrointestinal carcinoids, pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas
    • Barbareschi M, Frigo B, Mosca L, et al. Bronchial carcinoids with S-100 positive sustentacular cells. A comparative study with gastrointestinal carcinoids, pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Pathol Res Pract. 1990;186:212-222.
    • (1990) Pathol Res Pract. , vol.186 , pp. 212-222
    • Barbareschi, M.1    Frigo, B.2    Mosca, L.3
  • 237
    • 79951647238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sox10-positive sustentacular cells in neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung
    • Tsuta K, Raso MG, Kalhor N, et al. Sox10-positive sustentacular cells in neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung. Histopathology. 2011;58:276-285.
    • (2011) Histopathology. , vol.58 , pp. 276-285
    • Tsuta, K.1    Raso, M.G.2    Kalhor, N.3
  • 238
    • 0031694684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistologic analysis of gastrointestinal and pulmonary carcinoid tumors
    • Al-Khafaji B, Noffsinger AE, Miller MA. Immunohistologic analysis of gastrointestinal and pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Hum Pathol. 1998;29:992-999.
    • (1998) Hum Pathol. , vol.29 , pp. 992-999
    • Al-Khafaji, B.1    Noffsinger, A.E.2    Miller, M.A.3
  • 239
    • 84857715394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatostatin receptor subtype 2A immunohistochemistry using a new monoclonal antibody selects tumors suitable for in vivo somatostatin receptor targeting
    • Ko rner M, Waser B, Schonbrunn A, et al. Somatostatin receptor subtype 2A immunohistochemistry using a new monoclonal antibody selects tumors suitable for in vivo somatostatin receptor targeting. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012; 36:242-252.
    • (2012) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.36 , pp. 242-252
    • Korner, M.1    Waser, B.2    Schonbrunn, A.3
  • 240
    • 0029896966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter
    • U. S. A.
    • Erickson JD, Schafer MK, Bonner TI, et al. Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U. S. A. 1996; 93:5166-5171.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.93 , pp. 5166-5171
    • Erickson, J.D.1    Schafer, M.K.2    Bonner, T.I.3
  • 241
    • 0034065048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 as a marker of gastric enterochromaffin-like cell tumors
    • Rindi G, Paolotti D, Fiocca R, et al. Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 as a marker of gastric enterochromaffin-like cell tumors. Virchows Arch. 2000;436:217-223.
    • (2000) Virchows Arch. , vol.436 , pp. 217-223
    • Rindi, G.1    Paolotti, D.2    Fiocca, R.3
  • 242
    • 0042244323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the two isoforms of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT1 and VMAT2) in the endocrine pancreas and pancreatic endocrine tumors
    • Anlauf M, Eissele R, Schafer MK, et al. Expression of the two isoforms of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT1 and VMAT2) in the endocrine pancreas and pancreatic endocrine tumors. J Histochem Cytochem. 2003;51:1027-1040.
    • (2003) J Histochem Cytochem. , vol.51 , pp. 1027-1040
    • Anlauf, M.1    Eissele, R.2    Schafer, M.K.3
  • 243
    • 33746305607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histidine decarboxylase, DOPA decarboxylase, and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 expression in neuroendocrine tumors: Immunohistochemical study and gene expression analysis
    • Uccella S, Cerutti R, Vigetti D, et al. Histidine decarboxylase, DOPA decarboxylase, and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 expression in neuroendocrine tumors: Immunohistochemical study and gene expression analysis. J Histochem Cytochem. 2006;54:863-875.
    • (2006) J Histochem Cytochem. , vol.54 , pp. 863-875
    • Uccella, S.1    Cerutti, R.2    Vigetti, D.3
  • 244
    • 0032778359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of vesicular monoamine transporters in endocrine hyperplasia and endocrine tumors of the oxyntic stomach
    • Eissele R, Anlauf M, Schafer MK, et al. Expression of vesicular monoamine transporters in endocrine hyperplasia and endocrine tumors of the oxyntic stomach. Digestion. 1999;60:428-439.
    • (1999) Digestion. , vol.60 , pp. 428-439
    • Eissele, R.1    Anlauf, M.2    Schafer, M.K.3
  • 245
    • 0035162576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) 1 and 2 in gastrointestinal endocrine tumours
    • Jakobsen AM, Andersson P, Saglik G, et al. Differential expression of vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) 1 and 2 in gastrointestinal endocrine tumours. J Pathol. 2001;195:463-472.
    • (2001) J Pathol. , vol.195 , pp. 463-472
    • Jakobsen, A.M.1    Andersson, P.2    Saglik, G.3
  • 246
    • 39749113080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma
    • Feng H, Shuda M, Chang Y, et al. Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma. Science. 2008;319:1096-1100.
    • (2008) Science. , vol.319 , pp. 1096-1100
    • Feng, H.1    Shuda, M.2    Chang, Y.3
  • 247
    • 55849098118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T antigen mutations are a human tumor-specific signature for Merkel cell polyomavirus
    • USA
    • Shuda M, Feng H, Kwun HJ, et al. T antigen mutations are a human tumor-specific signature for Merkel cell polyomavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105:16272-16277.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci. , vol.105 , pp. 16272-16277
    • Shuda, M.1    Feng, H.2    Kwun, H.J.3
  • 248
    • 58149331698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell polyomavirus is more frequently present in North American than Australian Merkel cell carcinoma tumors
    • Garneski KM, Warcola AH, Feng Q, et al. Merkel cell polyomavirus is more frequently present in North American than Australian Merkel cell carcinoma tumors. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129:246-248.
    • (2009) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.129 , pp. 246-248
    • Garneski, K.M.1    Warcola, A.H.2    Feng, Q.3
  • 249
    • 68249146060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Merkel cell polyomavirus infection I. MCV T antigen expression in Merkel cell carcinoma, lymphoid tissues and lymphoid tumors
    • Shuda M, Arora R, Kwun HJ, et al. Human Merkel cell polyomavirus infection I. MCV T antigen expression in Merkel cell carcinoma, lymphoid tissues and lymphoid tumors. Int J Cancer. 2009;125:1243-1249.
    • (2009) Int J Cancer. , vol.125 , pp. 1243-1249
    • Shuda, M.1    Arora, R.2    Kwun, H.J.3
  • 250
    • 70249101039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merkel cell polyomavirus expression in merkel cell carcinomas and its absence in combined tumors and pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas
    • Busam KJ, Jungbluth AA, Rekthman N, et al. Merkel cell polyomavirus expression in merkel cell carcinomas and its absence in combined tumors and pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009;33:1378-1385.
    • (2009) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.33 , pp. 1378-1385
    • Busam, K.J.1    Jungbluth, A.A.2    Rekthman, N.3
  • 251
    • 77955924410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of evidence for basal or squamous cell carcinoma infection with Merkel cell polyomavirus in immunocompetent patients with Merkel cell carcinoma
    • Reisinger DM, Shiffer JD, Cognetta AB Jr, et al. Lack of evidence for basal or squamous cell carcinoma infection with Merkel cell polyomavirus in immunocompetent patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010; 63:400-403.
    • (2010) J Am Acad Dermatol. , vol.63 , pp. 400-403
    • Reisinger, D.M.1    Shiffer, J.D.2    Cognetta Jr., A.B.3
  • 252
    • 79954616721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of Merkel cell polyomavirus infection with morphologic differences in Merkel cell carcinoma
    • Kuwamoto S, Higaki H, Kanai K, et al. Association of Merkel cell polyomavirus infection with morphologic differences in Merkel cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2011;42:632-640.
    • (2011) Hum Pathol. , vol.42 , pp. 632-640
    • Kuwamoto, S.1    Higaki, H.2    Kanai, K.3
  • 253
    • 80052029503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemistry for Merkel cell polyomavirus is highly specific but not sensitive for the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma in the Australian population
    • Paik JY, Hall G, Clarkson A, et al. Immunohistochemistry for Merkel cell polyomavirus is highly specific but not sensitive for the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma in the Australian population. Hum Pathol. 2011;42:1385-1390.
    • (2011) Hum Pathol. , vol.42 , pp. 1385-1390
    • Paik, J.Y.1    Hall, G.2    Clarkson, A.3
  • 254
    • 80053297091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinomas and small cell carcinomas by PCR and immunohistochemistry
    • Jung HS, Choi YL, Choi JS, et al. Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinomas and small cell carcinomas by PCR and immunohistochemistry. Histol Histopathol. 2011;26:1231-1241.
    • (2011) Histol Histopathol. , vol.26 , pp. 1231-1241
    • Jung, H.S.1    Choi, Y.L.2    Choi, J.S.3
  • 255
    • 84858155545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spectrum of Merkel cell polyomavirus expression in Merkel cell carcinoma, in a variety of cutaneous neoplasms, and in neuroendocrine carcinomas from different anatomical sites
    • Ly TY, Walsh NM, Pasternak S. The spectrum of Merkel cell polyomavirus expression in Merkel cell carcinoma, in a variety of cutaneous neoplasms, and in neuroendocrine carcinomas from different anatomical sites. Hum Pathol. 2012;43:557-566.
    • (2012) Hum Pathol. , vol.43 , pp. 557-566
    • Ly, T.Y.1    Walsh, N.M.2    Pasternak, S.3
  • 256
    • 84870526347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved detection suggests all Merkel cell carcinomas harbor Merkel polyomavirus
    • Rodig SJ, Cheng J, Wardzala J, et al. Improved detection suggests all Merkel cell carcinomas harbor Merkel polyomavirus. J Clin Invest. 2012;122:4645-4653.
    • (2012) J Clin Invest. , vol.122 , pp. 4645-4653
    • Rodig, S.J.1    Cheng, J.2    Wardzala, J.3
  • 257
    • 0025194243 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical examination of 25 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma: A comparison with small cell carcinoma of the lung and oesophagus, and a review of the literature
    • Johansson L, Tennvall J, Akerman M. Immunohistochemical examination of 25 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma: A comparison with small cell carcinoma of the lung and oesophagus, and a review of the literature. APMIS. 1990;98: 741-752.
    • (1990) APMIS , vol.98 , pp. 741-752
    • Johansson, L.1    Tennvall, J.2    Akerman, M.3
  • 258
    • 0027349452 scopus 로고
    • Neurofilament immunoreactivity in Merkel-cell tumors: A differentiating feature from small-cell carcinoma
    • Shah IA, Netto D, Schlageter MO, et al. Neurofilament immunoreactivity in Merkel-cell tumors: A differentiating feature from small-cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 1993;6:3-9.
    • (1993) Mod Pathol. , vol.6 , pp. 3-9
    • Shah, I.A.1    Netto, D.2    Schlageter, M.O.3
  • 259
    • 0020698497 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a neural type of intermediate filament as a distinguishing feature between oat cell carcinoma and other lung cancers
    • Lehto VP, Stenman S, Miettinen M, et al. Expression of a neural type of intermediate filament as a distinguishing feature between oat cell carcinoma and other lung cancers. Am J Pathol. 1983;110:113-118.
    • (1983) Am J Pathol. , vol.110 , pp. 113-118
    • Lehto, V.P.1    Stenman, S.2    Miettinen, M.3
  • 260
  • 261
    • 0025066670 scopus 로고
    • Small cell lung carcinoma: Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study
    • Shy SW, Lee WH, Chou MC, et al. Small cell lung carcinoma: Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study. J Surg Oncol. 1990;45:146-161.
    • (1990) J Surg Oncol. , vol.45 , pp. 146-161
    • Shy, S.W.1    Lee, W.H.2    Chou, M.C.3
  • 262
    • 0025013764 scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the colon and rectum. A clinicopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study of 24 cases
    • Gaffey MJ,Mills SE, Lack EE. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the colon and rectum. A clinicopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study of 24 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14:1010-1023.
    • (1990) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.14 , pp. 1010-1023
    • Gaffey Mjmills, S.E.1    Lack, E.E.2
  • 263
    • 0025295857 scopus 로고
    • Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampullary region. A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of three cases
    • Zamboni G, Franzin G, Bonetti F, et al. Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampullary region. A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of three cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14:703-713.
    • (1990) Am J Surg Pathol. , vol.14 , pp. 703-713
    • Zamboni, G.1    Franzin, G.2    Bonetti, F.3
  • 264
    • 84894565057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased (20%) Ki67 proliferation index in morphologically well differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) correlates with decreased overall survival
    • Basturk O, Yang Z, Tang LH, et al. Increased (20%) Ki67 proliferation index in morphologically well differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) correlates with decreased overall survival. Mod Pathol. 2013;26(suppl 2S):422A.
    • (2013) Mod Pathol. , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL.. 2S
    • Basturk, O.1    Yang, Z.2    Tang, L.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.