Causes and consequences of nutritional iron deficiency in living organisms

Biology of Starvation in Humans and Other Organisms

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 245-276

  Sanvisens, Nerea ^a   Puig, Sergi ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTO DE AGROQUÍMICA Y TECNOLOGÍA DE ALIMENTOS CSIC   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84878990808     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (135)

1. Lill R, Muhlenhoff U: Maturation of iron-sulfur proteins in eukaryotes: mechanisms, connected processes, and diseases. Annu Rev Biochem 2008, 77:669-700.
2. Kispal G, Sipos K, Lange H, Fekete Z, Bedekovics T, Janaky T, Bassler J, Aguilar Netz DJ, Balk J, Rotte C, et al.: Biogenesis of cytosolic ribosomes requires the essential iron-sulphur protein Rli1p and mitochondria. EMBO J 2005, 24:589-598.
3. Yarunin A, Panse VG, Petfalski E, Dez C, Tollervey D, Hurt EC: Functional link between ribosome formation and biogenesis of iron-sulfur proteins. EMBO J 2005, 24:580-588.
4. Stubbe J, Ge J, Yee CS: The evolution of ribonucleotide reduction revisited. Trends Biochem Sci 2001, 26:93-99.
5. Kolberg M, Strand KR, Graff P, Andersson KK: Structure, function, and mechanism of ribonucleotide reductases. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004, 1699:1-34.
6. Booker S, Stubbe J: Cloning, sequencing, and expression of the adenosylcobalamin-dependent ribonucleotide reductase from Lactobacillus leichmannii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993, 90:8352-8356.
7. Herrero E, Ros J, Belli G, Cabiscol E: Redox control and oxidative stress in yeast cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008, 1780:1217-1235.
8. Tsuda A, Takeda S, Saito H, Nishioka J, Nojiri Y, Kudo I, Kiyosawa H, Shiomoto A, Imai K, Ono T, et al.: A mesoscale iron enrichment in the western subarctic Pacific induces a large centric diatom bloom. Science 2003, 300:958-961.
9. Church MJ, Hutchins DA, Ducklow HW: Limitation of bacterial growth by dissolved organic matter and iron in the Southern ocean. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000, 66:455-466.
10. Barton L, Abadia J: Iron nutrition in plants and rhizospheric microorganisms. Edited by Barton L, Abadia J. The Netherlands: Springer; 2006.
11. Huma N, Salim Ur R, Anjum FM, Murtaza MA, Sheikh MA: Food fortification strategy--preventing iron deficiency anemia: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2007, 47:259-265.
12. Zimmermann MB, Hurrell RF: Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet 2007, 370:511-520.
13. WHO: Iron deficiency anaemia: assessment, prevention, and control. A guide for programme managers; 2001.
14. Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gulmezoglu AM, Van Look PF: WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review. Lancet 2006, 367:1066-1074.
15. Andrews NC: Forging a field: the golden age of iron biology. Blood 2008, 112:219-230.
16. Andrews NC, Schmidt PJ: Iron homeostasis. Annu Rev Physiol 2007, 69:69-85.
17. De Domenico I, McVey Ward D, Kaplan J: Regulation of iron acquisition and storage: consequences for iron-linked disorders. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2008, 9:72-81.
18. McKie AT, Barrow D, Latunde-Dada GO, Rolfs A, Sager G, Mudaly E, Mudaly M, Richardson C, Barlow D, Bomford A, et al.: An iron-regulated ferric reductase associated with the absorption of dietary iron. Science 2001, 291:1755-1759.
19. Gunshin H, Mackenzie B, Berger UV, Gunshin Y, Romero MF, Boron WF, Nussberger S, Gollan JL, Hediger MA: Cloning and characterization of a mammalian proton-coupled metal-ion transporter. Nature 1997, 388:482-488.
20. Shayeghi M, Latunde-Dada GO, Oakhill JS, Laftah AH, Takeuchi K, Halliday N, Khan Y, Warley A, McCann FE, Hider RC, et al.: Identification of an intestinal heme transporter. Cell 2005, 122:789-801.
21. Qiu A, Jansen M, Sakaris A, Min SH, Chattopadhyay S, Tsai E, Sandoval C, Zhao R, Akabas MH, Goldman ID: Identification of an intestinal folate transporter and the molecular basis for hereditary folate malabsorption. Cell 2006, 127:917-928.
22. Raffin SB, Woo CH, Roost KT, Price DC, Schmid R: Intestinal absorption of hemoglobin iron-heme cleavage by mucosal heme oxygenase. J Clin Invest 1974, 54:1344-1352.
23. McKie AT, Marciani P, Rolfs A, Brennan K, Wehr K, Barrow D, Miret S, Bomford A, Peters TJ, Farzaneh F, et al.: A novel duodenal iron-regulated transporter, IREG1, implicated in the basolateral transfer of iron to the circulation. Mol Cell 2000, 5:299-309.
24. Abboud S, Haile DJ: A novel mammalian iron-regulated protein involved in intracellular iron metabolism. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:19906-19912.
25. Donovan A, Brownlie A, Zhou Y, Shepard J, Pratt SJ, Moynihan J, Paw BH, Drejer A, Barut B, Zapata A, et al.: Positional cloning of zebrafish ferroportin1 identifies a conserved vertebrate iron exporter. Nature 2000, 403:776-781.
26. Vulpe CD, Kuo YM, Murphy TL, Cowley L, Askwith C, Libina N, Gitschier J, Anderson GJ: Hephaestin, a ceruloplasmin homologue implicated in intestinal iron transport, is defective in the sla mouse. Nat Genet 1999, 21:195-199.
27. Cherukuri S, Potla R, Sarkar J, Nurko S, Harris ZL, Fox PL: Unexpected role of ceruloplasmin in intestinal iron absorption. Cell Metab 2005, 2:309-319.
28. Theil EC: Iron, ferritin, and nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr 2004, 24:327-343.
29. Ohgami RS, Campagna DR, Greer EL, Antiochos B, McDonald A, Chen J, Sharp JJ, Fujiwara Y, Barker JE, Fleming MD: Identification of a ferrireductase required for efficient transferrin-dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. Nat Genet 2005, 37:1264-1269.
30. Shaw GC, Cope JJ, Li L, Corson K, Hersey C, Ackermann GE, Gwynn B, Lambert AJ, Wingert RA, Traver D, et al.: Mitoferrin is essential for erythroid iron assimilation. Nature 2006, 440:96-100.
31. Muckenthaler MU, Galy B, Hentze MW: Systemic iron homeostasis and the iron-responsive element/iron-regulatory protein (IRE/IRP) regulatory network. Annu Rev Nutr 2008, 28:197-213.
32. Rouault TA: The role of iron regulatory proteins in mammalian iron homeostasis and disease. Nat Chem Biol 2006, 2:406-414.
33. Zhang DL, Hughes RM, Ollivierre-Wilson H, Ghosh MC, Rouault TA: A ferroportin transcript that lacks an iron-responsive element enables duodenal and erythroid precursor cells to evade translational repression. Cell Metab 2009, 9:461-473.
34. Mastrogiannaki M, Matak P, Keith B, Simon MC, Vaulont S, Peyssonnaux C: HIF-2alpha, but not HIF-1alpha, promotes iron absorption in mice. J Clin Invest 2009, 119:1159-1166.
35. Shah YM, Matsubara T, Ito S, Yim SH, Gonzalez FJ: Intestinal hypoxia-inducible transcription factors are essential for iron absorption following iron deficiency. Cell Metab 2009, 9:152-164.
36. Nemeth E, Ganz T: Regulation of iron metabolism by hepcidin. Annu Rev Nutr 2006, 26:323-342.
37. Nemeth E, Tuttle MS, Powelson J, Vaughn MB, Donovan A, Ward DM, Ganz T, Kaplan J: Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization. Science 2004, 306:2090-2093.
38. De Domenico I, Ward DM, Nemeth E, Vaughn MB, Musci G, Ganz T, Kaplan J: The molecular basis of ferroportin-linked hemochromatosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102:8955-8960.
39. Peyssonnaux C, Zinkernagel AS, Schuepbach RA, Rankin E, Vaulont S, Haase VH, Nizet V, Johnson RS: Regulation of iron homeostasis by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs). J Clin Invest 2007, 117:1926-1932.
40. Kawabata H, Yang R, Hirama T, Vuong PT, Kawano S, Gombart AF, Koeffler HP: Molecular cloning of transferrin receptor 2. A new member of the transferrin receptor-like family. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:20826-20832.
41. Munoz M, Villar I, Garcia-Erce JA: An update on iron physiology. World J Gastroenterol 2009, 15:4617-4626.
42. Martinez-Navarrete N, Camacho MM, Martinez-Lahuerta J, Martinez-Monzo J, Fito P: Iron deficiency and iron fortified foods: a review. Food Research International 2002, 35:225-231.
43. Denic S, Agarwal MM: Nutritional iron deficiency: an evolutionary perspective. Nutrition 2007, 23:603-614.
44. Hurrell RF: Bioavailability of iron. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997, 51 Suppl 1:S4-8.
45. Zimmermann MB, Hurrell RF: Improving iron, zinc and vitamin A nutrition through plant biotechnology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2002, 13:142-145.
46. Ye X, Al-Babili S, Kloti A, Zhang J, Lucca P, Beyer P, Potrykus I: Engineering the provitamin A (beta-carotene) biosynthetic pathway into (carotenoid-free) rice endosperm. Science 2000, 287:303-305.
47. Goto F, Yoshihara T, Shigemoto N, Toki S, Takaiwa F: Iron fortification of rice seed by the soybean ferritin gene. Nat Biotechnol 1999, 17:282-286.
48. Grotz N, Guerinot ML: Limiting nutrients: an old problem with new solutions? Curr Opin Plant Biol 2002, 5:158-163.
49. Casas C, Aldea M, Espinet C, Gallego C, Gil R, Herrero E: The AFT1 transcriptional factor is differentially required for expression of high-affinity iron uptake genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 1997, 13:621-637.
50. Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Dancis A, Klausner RD: AFT1: a mediator of iron regulated transcriptional control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EMBO J 1995, 14:1231-1239.
51. Rutherford JC, Jaron S, Winge DR: Aft1p and Aft2p mediate iron-responsive gene expression in yeast through related promoter elements. J Biol Chem 2003, 278:27636-27643.
52. Shakoury-Elizeh M, Tiedeman J, Rashford J, Ferea T, Demeter J, Garcia E, Rolfes R, Brown PO, Botstein D, Philpott CC: Transcriptional remodeling in response to iron deprivation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2004, 15:1233-1243.
53. Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Stearman R, Dancis A, Klausner RD: Iron-regulated DNA binding by the AFT1 protein controls the iron regulon in yeast. EMBO J 1996, 15:3377-3384.
54. Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Ueta R, Fukunaka A, Sasaki R: Subcellular localization of Aft1 transcription factor responds to iron status in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2002, 277:18914-18918.
55. Ueta R, Fukunaka A, Yamaguchi-Iwai Y: Pse1p mediates the nuclear import of the iron-responsive transcription factor Aft1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2003, 278:50120-50127.
56. Ueta R, Fujiwara N, Iwai K, Yamaguchi-Iwai Y: Mechanism underlying the iron-dependent nuclear export of the iron-responsive transcription factor Aft1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2007, 18:2980-2990.
57. Chen OS, Crisp RJ, Valachovic M, Bard M, Winge DR, Kaplan J: Transcription of the yeast iron regulon does not respond directly to iron but rather to iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2004, 279:29513-29518.
58. Rutherford JC, Ojeda L, Balk J, Muhlenhoff U, Lill R, Winge DR: Activation of the iron regulon by the yeast Aft1/Aft2 transcription factors depends on mitochondrial but not cytosolic iron-sulfur protein biogenesis. J Biol Chem 2005, 280:10135-10140.
59. Ojeda L, Keller G, Muhlenhoff U, Rutherford JC, Lill R, Winge DR: Role of glutaredoxin-3 and glutaredoxin-4 in the iron regulation of the Aft1 transcriptional activator in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2006, 281:17661-17669.
60. Pujol-Carrion N, Belli G, Herrero E, Nogues A, de la Torre-Ruiz MA: Glutaredoxins Grx3 and Grx4 regulate nuclear localisation of Aft1 and the oxidative stress response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Sci 2006, 119:4554-4564.
61. Kumanovics A, Chen OS, Li L, Bagley D, Adkins EM, Lin H, Dingra NN, Outten CE, Keller G, Winge D, et al.: Identification of FRA1 and FRA2 as genes involved in regulating the yeast iron regulon in response to decreased mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster synthesis. J Biol Chem 2008, 283:10276-10286.
62. Li L, Murdock G, Bagley D, Jia X, Ward DM, Kaplan J: Genetic dissection of a mitochondria-vacuole signaling pathway in yeast reveals a link between chronic oxidative stress and vacuolar iron transport. J Biol Chem 2010, 285:10232-10242.
63. Muhlenhoff U, Molik S, Godoy JR, Uzarska MA, Richter N, Seubert A, Zhang Y, Stubbe J, Pierrel F, Herrero E, et al.: Cytosolic monothiol glutaredoxins function in intracellular iron sensing and trafficking via their bound iron-sulfur cluster. Cell Metab 2010, 12:373-385.
64. Blaiseau PL, Lesuisse E, Camadro JM: Aft2p, a novel iron-regulated transcription activator that modulates, with Aft1p, intracellular iron use and resistance to oxidative stress in yeast. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:34221-34226.
65. Rutherford JC, Jaron S, Ray E, Brown PO, Winge DR: A second iron-regulatory system in yeast independent of Aft1p. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001, 98:14322-14327.
66. Courel M, Lallet S, Camadro JM, Blaiseau PL: Direct activation of genes involved in intracellular iron use by the yeast iron-responsive transcription factor Aft2 without its paralog Aft1. Mol Cell Biol 2005, 25:6760-6771.
67. Fragiadakis GS, Tzamarias D, Alexandraki D: Nhp6 facilitates Aft1 binding and Ssn6 recruitment, both essential for FRE2 transcriptional activation. EMBO J 2004, 23:333-342.
68. Kaplan J, McVey Ward D, Crisp RJ, Philpott CC: Iron-dependent metabolic remodeling in S. cerevisiae. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006, 1763:646-651.
69. Philpott CC, Protchenko O: Response to iron deprivation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 2008, 7:20-27.
70. Berthelet S, Usher J, Shulist K, Hamza A, Maltez N, Johnston A, Fong Y, Harris LJ, Baetz K: Functional genomics analysis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae iron responsive transcription factor Aft1 reveals iron-independent functions. Genetics 2010, 185:1111-1128.
71. Martins LJ, Jensen LT, Simon JR, Keller GL, Winge DR: Metalloregulation of FRE1 and FRE2 homologs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:23716-23721.
72. Georgatsou E, Alexandraki D: Regulated expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fre1p/Fre2p Fe/Cu reductase related genes. Yeast 1999, 15:573-584.
73. Lin SJ, Pufahl RA, Dancis A, O'Halloran TV, Culotta VC: A role for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATX1 gene in copper trafficking and iron transport. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:9215-9220.
74. Dancis A, Roman DG, Anderson GJ, Hinnebusch AG, Klausner RD: Ferric reductase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: molecular characterization, role in iron uptake, and transcriptional control by iron. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992, 89:3869-3873.
75. Georgatsou E, Alexandraki D: Two distinctly regulated genes are required for ferric reduction, the first step of iron uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1994, 14:3065-3073.
76. Lesuisse E, Casteras-Simon M, Labbe P: Evidence for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferrireductase system being a multicomponent electron transport chain. J Biol Chem 1996, 271:13578-13583.
77. Hassett R, Kosman DJ: Evidence for Cu(II) reduction as a component of copper uptake by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1995, 270:128-134.
78. Georgatsou E, Mavrogiannis LA, Fragiadakis GS, Alexandraki D: The yeast Fre1p/Fre2p cupric reductases facilitate copper uptake and are regulated by the copper-modulated Mac1p activator. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:13786-13792.
79. Askwith C, Eide D, Van Ho A, Bernard PS, Li L, Davis-Kaplan S, Sipe DM, Kaplan J: The FET3 gene of S. cerevisiae encodes a multicopper oxidase required for ferrous iron uptake. Cell 1994, 76:403-410.
80. Taylor AB, Stoj CS, Ziegler L, Kosman DJ, Hart PJ: The copper-iron connection in biology: structure of the metallo-oxidase Fet3p. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102:15459-15464.
81. Stearman R, Yuan DS, Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Klausner RD, Dancis A: A permease-oxidase complex involved in high-affinity iron uptake in yeast. Science 1996, 271:1552-1557.
82. De Silva DM, Askwith CC, Eide D, Kaplan J: The FET3 gene product required for high affinity iron transport in yeast is a cell surface ferroxidase. J Biol Chem 1995, 270:1098-1101.
83. de Silva D, Davis-Kaplan S, Fergestad J, Kaplan J: Purification and characterization of Fet3 protein, a yeast homologue of ceruloplasmin. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:14208-14213.
84. Severance S, Chakraborty S, Kosman DJ: The Ftr1p iron permease in the yeast plasma membrane: orientation, topology and structure-function relationships. Biochem J 2004, 380:487-496.
85. Felice MR, De Domenico I, Li L, Ward DM, Bartok B, Musci G, Kaplan J: Post-transcriptional regulation of the yeast high affinity iron transport system. J Biol Chem 2005, 280:22181-22190.
86. Dancis A, Yuan DS, Haile D, Askwith C, Eide D, Moehle C, Kaplan J, Klausner RD: Molecular characterization of a copper transport protein in S. cerevisiae: an unexpected role for copper in iron transport. Cell 1994, 76:393-402.
87. Yuan DS, Stearman R, Dancis A, Dunn T, Beeler T, Klausner RD: The Menkes/Wilson disease gene homologue in yeast provides copper to a ceruloplasmin-like oxidase required for iron uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:2632-2636.
88. Davis-Kaplan SR, Askwith CC, Bengtzen AC, Radisky D, Kaplan J: Chloride is an allosteric effector of copper assembly for the yeast multicopper oxidase Fet3p: an unexpected role for intracellular chloride channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998, 95:13641-13645.
89. Gaxiola RA, Yuan DS, Klausner RD, Fink GR: The yeast CLC chloride channel functions in cation homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998, 95:4046-4050.
90. Protchenko O, Ferea T, Rashford J, Tiedeman J, Brown PO, Botstein D, Philpott CC: Three cell wall mannoproteins facilitate the uptake of iron in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:49244-49250.
91. Yun CW, Bauler M, Moore RE, Klebba PE, Philpott CC: The role of the FRE family of plasma membrane reductases in the uptake of siderophore-iron in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:10218-10223.
92. Yun CW, Tiedeman JS, Moore RE, Philpott CC: Siderophore-iron uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Identification of ferrichrome and fusarinine transporters. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:16354-16359.
93. Yun CW, Ferea T, Rashford J, Ardon O, Brown PO, Botstein D, Kaplan J, Philpott CC: Desferrioxamine-mediated iron uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Evidence for two pathways of iron uptake. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:10709-10715.
94. Lesuisse E, Blaiseau PL, Dancis A, Camadro JM: Siderophore uptake and use by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiology 2001, 147:289-298.
95. Lesuisse E, Simon-Casteras M, Labbe P: Siderophore-mediated iron uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the SIT1 gene encodes a ferrioxamine B permease that belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Microbiology 1998, 144 (Pt 12):3455-3462.
96. Kim Y, Lampert SM, Philpott CC: A receptor domain controls the intracellular sorting of the ferrichrome transporter, ARN1. EMBO J 2005, 24:952-962.
97. Kim Y, Yun CW, Philpott CC: Ferrichrome induces endosome to plasma membrane cycling of the ferrichrome transporter, Arn1p, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EMBO J 2002, 21:3632-3642.
98. Kim Y, Deng Y, Philpott CC: GGA2-and ubiquitin-dependent trafficking of Arn1, the ferrichrome transporter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2007, 18:1790-1802.
99. Hassett RF, Romeo AM, Kosman DJ: Regulation of high affinity iron uptake in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Role of dioxygen and Fe. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:7628-7636.
100. Jensen LT, Culotta VC: Regulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae FET4 by oxygen and iron. J Mol Biol 2002, 318:251-260.
101. Li L, Kaplan J: Defects in the yeast high affinity iron transport system result in increased metal sensitivity because of the increased expression of transporters with a broad transition metal specificity. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:22181-22187.
102. Dix DR, Bridgham JT, Broderius MA, Byersdorfer CA, Eide DJ: The FET4 gene encodes the low affinity Fe(II) transport protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:26092-26099.
103. Camadro JM, Thome F, Brouillet N, Labbe P: Purification and properties of protoporphyrinogen oxidase from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mitochondrial location and evidence for a precursor form of the protein. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:32085-32091.
104. Crisp RJ, Pollington A, Galea C, Jaron S, Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Kaplan J: Inhibition of heme biosynthesis prevents transcription of iron uptake genes in yeast. J Biol Chem 2003, 278:45499-45506.
105. Crisp RJ, Adkins EM, Kimmel E, Kaplan J: Recruitment of Tup1p and Cti6p regulates heme-deficient expression of Aft1p target genes. EMBO J 2006, 25:512-521.
106. Puig S, Lau M, Thiele DJ: Cti6 is an Rpd3-Sin3 histone deacetylase-associated protein required for growth under iron-limiting conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2004.
107. Raguzzi F, Lesuisse E, Crichton RR: Iron storage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett 1988, 231:253-258.
108. Li L, Chen OS, McVey Ward D, Kaplan J: CCC1 is a transporter that mediates vacuolar iron storage in yeast. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:29515-29519.
109. Zohn IE, De Domenico I, Pollock A, Ward DM, Goodman JF, Liang X, Sanchez AJ, Niswander L, Kaplan J: The flatiron mutation in mouse ferroportin acts as a dominant negative to cause ferroportin disease. Blood 2007, 109:4174-4180.
110. Rees EM, Thiele DJ: Identification of a vacuole-associated metalloreductase and its role in Ctr2-mediated intracellular copper mobilization. J Biol Chem 2007, 282:21629-21638.
111. Singh A, Kaur N, Kosman DJ: The metalloreductase Fre6p in Fe-efflux from the yeast vacuole. J Biol Chem 2007, 282:28619-28626.
112. Urbanowski JL, Piper RC: The iron transporter Fth1p forms a complex with the Fet5 iron oxidase and resides on the vacuolar membrane. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:38061-38070.
113. Protchenko O, Philpott CC: Regulation of intracellular heme levels by HMX1, a homologue of heme oxygenase, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2003, 278:36582-36587.
114. Marquet A, Bui BT, Florentin D: Biosynthesis of biotin and lipoic acid. Vitam Horm 2001, 61:51-101.
115. Curti B, Vanoni MA, Verzotti E, Zanetti G: Glutamate synthase: a complex iron-sulphur flavoprotein. Biochem Soc Trans 1996, 24:95-99.
116. Foury F, Talibi D: Mitochondrial control of iron homeostasis. A genome wide analysis of gene expression in a yeast frataxin-deficient strain. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:7762-7768.
117. Puig S, Askeland E, Thiele DJ: Coordinated remodeling of cellular metabolism during iron deficiency through targeted mRNA degradation. Cell 2005, 120:99-110.
118. Pedro-Segura E, Vergara SV, Rodriguez-Navarro S, Parker R, Thiele DJ, Puig S: The Cth2 ARE-binding protein recruits the Dhh1 helicase to promote the decay of succinate dehydrogenase SDH4 mRNA in response to iron deficiency. J Biol Chem 2008, 283:28527-28535.
119. Lai WS, Carballo E, Strum JR, Kennington EA, Phillips RS, Blackshear PJ: Evidence that tristetraprolin binds to AU-rich elements and promotes the deadenylation and destabilization of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA. Mol Cell Biol 1999, 19:4311-4323.
120. Brewer BY, Malicka J, Blackshear PJ, Wilson GM: RNA sequence elements required for high affinity binding by the zinc finger domain of tristetraprolin: conformational changes coupled to the bipartite nature of AU-rich MRNA-destabilizing motifs. J Biol Chem 2004, 279:27870-27877.
121. Hudson BP, Martinez-Yamout MA, Dyson HJ, Wright PE: Recognition of the mRNA AU-rich element by the zinc finger domain of TIS11d. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2004, 11:257-264.
122. Blackshear PJ: Tristetraprolin and other CCCH tandem zinc-finger proteins in the regulation of mRNA turnover. Biochem Soc Trans 2002, 30:945-952.
123. Prouteau M, Daugeron MC, Seraphin B: Regulation of ARE transcript 3' end processing by the yeast Cth2 mRNA decay factor. EMBO J 2008, 27:2966-2976.
124. Puig S, Vergara SV, Thiele DJ: Cooperation of two mRNA-binding proteins drives metabolic adaptation to iron deficiency. Cell Metab 2008, 7:555-564.
125. Li L, Bagley D, Ward DM, Kaplan J: Yap5 is an iron-responsive transcriptional activator that regulates vacuolar iron storage in yeast. Mol Cell Biol 2008, 28:1326-1337.
126. Muhlenhoff U, Stadler JA, Richhardt N, Seubert A, Eickhorst T, Schweyen RJ, Lill R, Wiesenberger G: A specific role of the yeast mitochondrial carriers Mrs3/4p in mitochondrial iron acquisition under iron-limiting conditions. J Biol Chem 2003, 278:40612-40620.
127. Froschauer EM, Schweyen RJ, Wiesenberger G: The yeast mitochondrial carrier proteins Mrs3p/Mrs4p mediate iron transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009, 1788:1044-1050.
128. Lesuisse E, Santos R, Matzanke BF, Knight SA, Camadro JM, Dancis A: Iron use for haeme synthesis is under control of the yeast frataxin homologue (Yfh1). Hum Mol Genet 2003, 12:879-889.
129. Muhlenhoff U, Gerl MJ, Flauger B, Pirner HM, Balser S, Richhardt N, Lill R, Stolz J: The ISC proteins Isa1 and Isa2 are required for the function but not for the de novo synthesis of the Fe/S clusters of biotin synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 2007, 6:495-504.
130. Ihrig J, Hausmann A, Hain A, Richter N, Hamza I, Lill R, Muhlenhoff U: Iron regulation through the back door: iron-dependent metabolite levels contribute to transcriptional adaptation to iron deprivation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 2010, 9:460-471.
131. Kohlhaw GB: Leucine biosynthesis in fungi: entering metabolism through the back door. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2003, 67:1-15.
132. Sze JY, Woontner M, Jaehning JA, Kohlhaw GB: In vitro transcriptional activation by a metabolic intermediate: activation by Leu3 depends on alpha-isopropylmalate. Science 1992, 258:1143-1145.
133. Shakoury-Elizeh M, Protchenko O, Berger A, Cox J, Gable K, Dunn TM, Prinz WA, Bard M, Philpott CC: Metabolic response to iron deficiency in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2010, 285:14823-14833.
134. Shi H, Bencze KZ, Stemmler TL, Philpott CC: A cytosolic iron chaperone that delivers iron to ferritin. Science 2008, 320:1207-1210.
135. Kim HJ, Kim HM, Kim JH, Ryu KS, Park SM, Jahng KY, Yang MS, Kim DH: Expression of heteropolymeric ferritin improves iron storage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003, 69:1999-2005.