메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 769-787

Biological studies of post-traumatic stress disorder

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3ALPHA HYDROXY 5ALPHA PREGNAN 20 ONE; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR ALPHA2; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR RECEPTOR; CANNABINOID 1 RECEPTOR; CATECHOL METHYLTRANSFERASE; CATECHOLAMINE; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR RECEPTOR 1; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 4 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE BETA MONOOXYGENASE; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER; DYSBINDIN; ELTANOLONE; FK 506 BINDING PROTEIN 5; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; GLUTAMIC ACID; HYDROCORTISONE; INDOLEAMINE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID; NEUROPEPTIDE Y; PAROXETINE; PRASTERONE; PROPRANOLOL; PROTEIN KINASE C ALPHA; RGS2 PROTEIN; SEROTONIN; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84867744362     PISSN: 1471003X     EISSN: 14710048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3339     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1160)

References (222)
  • 1
    • 0004235298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association 3rd edn American Psychiatric Association
    • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3rd edn (American Psychiatric Association, 1980).
    • (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • 2
    • 0004235298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association 4th edn (American Psychiatric Press
    • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edn (American Psychiatric Press, 2000).
    • (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • 3
    • 0001497874 scopus 로고
    • Observations on persistence of war neurosis
    • Dobbs, D. & Wilson, W. P. Observations on persistence of war neurosis. Dis. Nerv. Syst. 21, 686-691 (1960).
    • (1960) Dis. Nerv. Syst. , vol.21 , pp. 686-691
    • Dobbs, D.1    Wilson, W.P.2
  • 6
    • 34548845826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis
    • Pole, N. The psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 133, 725-746 (2007).
    • (2007) Psychol. Bull. , vol.133 , pp. 725-746
    • Pole, N.1
  • 7
    • 0032429917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of psychophysiological measurement in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder: Results from a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study
    • Keane, T. M. et al. Utility of psychophysiological measurement in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder: results from a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 66, 914-923 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. , vol.66 , pp. 914-923
    • Keane, T.M.1
  • 8
    • 0023475108 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans
    • Pitman, R. K., Orr, S. P., Forgue, D. F., de Jong, J. B. & Claiborn, J. M. Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 44, 970-975 (1987).
    • (1987) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 970-975
    • Pitman, R.K.1    Orr, S.P.2    Forgue, D.F.3    De Jong, J.B.4    Claiborn, J.M.5
  • 9
    • 9444231106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder related to motor vehicle accidents: Replication and extension
    • Blanchard, E. B. et al. Psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder related to motor vehicle accidents: replication and extension. J. Consult Clin. Psychol. 64, 742-751 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Consult Clin. Psychol. , vol.64 , pp. 742-751
    • Blanchard, E.B.1
  • 10
    • 78651374892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in heart rate responses to script-driven imagery soon after trauma and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Kleim, B., Wilhelm, F. H., Glucksman, E. & Ehlers, A. Sex differences in heart rate responses to script-driven imagery soon after trauma and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychosom. Med. 72, 917-924 (2010).
    • (2010) Psychosom. Med. , vol.72 , pp. 917-924
    • Kleim, B.1    Wilhelm, F.H.2    Glucksman, E.3    Ehlers, A.4
  • 11
    • 0037337659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologic responses to sudden, loud tones in monozygotic twins discordant for combat exposure: Association with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Orr, S. P. et al. Physiologic responses to sudden, loud tones in monozygotic twins discordant for combat exposure: association with posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 60, 283-288 (2003).
    • (2003) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 283-288
    • Orr, S.P.1
  • 12
    • 0033953439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditory startle response in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective study
    • Shalev, A. Y. et al. Auditory startle response in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: a prospective study. Am. J. Psychiatry 157, 255-261 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.157 , pp. 255-261
    • Shalev, A.Y.1
  • 13
    • 0037081437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol
    • Pitman, R. K. et al. Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol. Biol. Psychiatry 51, 189-192 (2002).
    • (2002) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 189-192
    • Pitman, R.K.1
  • 14
    • 84857277751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does physiologic response to loud tones change following cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder?
    • Griffin, M. G., Resick, P. A. & Galovski, T. E. Does physiologic response to loud tones change following cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder? J. Trauma Stress. 25, 25-32 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Trauma Stress. , vol.25 , pp. 25-32
    • Griffin, M.G.1    Resick, P.A.2    Galovski, T.E.3
  • 15
    • 0343851737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiologic assessment of aversive conditioning in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Peri, T., Ben-Shakhar, G., Orr, S. P. & Shalev, A. Y. Psychophysiologic assessment of aversive conditioning in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 47, 512-519 (2000).
    • (2000) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 512-519
    • Peri, T.1    Ben-Shakhar, G.2    Orr, S.P.3    Shalev, A.Y.4
  • 16
    • 34547677777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear conditioning in posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence for delayed extinction of autonomic, experiential, and behavioural responses
    • Blechert, J., Michael, T., Vriends, N., Margraf, J. & Wilhelm, F. H. Fear conditioning in posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence for delayed extinction of autonomic, experiential, and behavioural responses. Behav. Res. Ther. 45, 2019-2033 (2007).
    • (2007) Behav. Res. Ther. , vol.45 , pp. 2019-2033
    • Blechert, J.1    Michael, T.2    Vriends, N.3    Margraf, J.4    Wilhelm, F.H.5
  • 18
    • 36749060909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of extinction of fear responses in posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence from second-order conditioning
    • Wessa, M. & Flor, H. Failure of extinction of fear responses in posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence from second-order conditioning. Am. J. Psychiatry 164, 1684-1692 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 1684-1692
    • Wessa, M.1    Flor, H.2
  • 19
    • 40849118026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence and acquired origin of reduced recall for fear extinction in PTSD: Results of a twin study
    • Milad, M. R. et al. Presence and acquired origin of reduced recall for fear extinction in PTSD: results of a twin study. J. Psychiatr. Res. 42, 515-520 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.42 , pp. 515-520
    • Milad, M.R.1
  • 20
    • 63249098238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensity dependence of auditory P2 in monozygotic twins discordant for Vietnam combat: Associations with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Metzger, L. J., Pitman, R. K., Miller, G. A., Paige, S. R. & Orr, S. P. Intensity dependence of auditory P2 in monozygotic twins discordant for Vietnam combat: associations with posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. 45, 437-449 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. , vol.45 , pp. 437-449
    • Metzger, L.J.1    Pitman, R.K.2    Miller, G.A.3    Paige, S.R.4    Orr, S.P.5
  • 21
    • 0033013682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear-potentiated startle conditioning to explicit and contextual cues in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Grillon, C. & Morgan, C. A. Fear-potentiated startle conditioning to explicit and contextual cues in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Abnorm. Psychol.108, 134-142 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Abnorm. Psychol. , vol.108 , pp. 134-142
    • Grillon, C.1    Morgan, C.A.2
  • 22
    • 41549122817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective assessment of auditory startle alterations in rape and physical assault survivors
    • Griffin, M. G. A prospective assessment of auditory startle alterations in rape and physical assault survivors. J. Trauma. Stress 21, 91-99 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Trauma. Stress , vol.21 , pp. 91-99
    • Griffin, M.G.1
  • 23
    • 33847692353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologic responses to loud tones in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder
    • Buhlmann, U. et al. Physiologic responses to loud tones in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychosom. Med. 69, 166-172 (2007).
    • (2007) Psychosom. Med. , vol.69 , pp. 166-172
    • Buhlmann, U.1
  • 24
    • 13444311606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditory startle response in firefighters before and after trauma exposure
    • Guthrie, R. M. & Bryant, R. A. Auditory startle response in firefighters before and after trauma exposure. Am. J. Psychiatry 162, 283-290 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 283-290
    • Guthrie, R.M.1    Bryant, R.A.2
  • 25
    • 33646679137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extinction learning before trauma and subsequent posttraumatic stress
    • Guthrie, R. M. & Bryant, R. A. Extinction learning before trauma and subsequent posttraumatic stress. Psychosom. Med. 68, 307-311 (2006).
    • (2006) Psychosom. Med. , vol.68 , pp. 307-311
    • Guthrie, R.M.1    Bryant, R.A.2
  • 26
    • 84872603523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting post-trauma stress symptoms from pre-trauma psychophysiologic reactivity, personality traits and measures of psychopathology
    • Orr, S. P. et al. Predicting post-trauma stress symptoms from pre-trauma psychophysiologic reactivity, personality traits and measures of psychopathology. Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. 2, 8 (2012).
    • (2012) Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. , vol.2 , pp. 8
    • Orr, S.P.1
  • 27
    • 34247492114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonic and phasic heart rate as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • O'Donnell, M. L., Creamer, M., Elliott, P. & Bryant, R. Tonic and phasic heart rate as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychosom. Med. 69, 256-261 (2007).
    • (2007) Psychosom. Med. , vol.69 , pp. 256-261
    • O'Donnell, M.L.1    Creamer, M.2    Elliott, P.3    Bryant, R.4
  • 28
    • 77951438052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early heart rate responses to standardized trauma-related pictures predict posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective study
    • Suendermann, O., Ehlers, A., Boellinghaus, I., Gamer, M. & Glucksman, E. Early heart rate responses to standardized trauma-related pictures predict posttraumatic stress disorder: a prospective study. Psychosom. Med. 72, 301-308 (2010).
    • (2010) Psychosom. Med. , vol.72 , pp. 301-308
    • Suendermann, O.1    Ehlers, A.2    Boellinghaus, I.3    Gamer, M.4    Glucksman, E.5
  • 29
    • 0031778492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of heart rate response following trauma and the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Shalev, A. Y. et al. A prospective study of heart rate response following trauma and the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 55, 553-559 (1998).
    • (1998) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 553-559
    • Shalev, A.Y.1
  • 30
    • 34250211107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polysomnographically measured sleep abnormalities in PTSD: A meta-analytic review
    • Kobayashi, I., Boarts, J. M. & Delahanty, D. L. Polysomnographically measured sleep abnormalities in PTSD: a meta-analytic review. Psychophysiology 44, 660-669 (2007).
    • (2007) Psychophysiology , vol.44 , pp. 660-669
    • Kobayashi, I.1    Boarts, J.M.2    Delahanty, D.L.3
  • 31
    • 0025485399 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates
    • Sapolsky, R. M., Uno, H., Rebert, C. S. & Finch, C. E. Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates. J. Neurosci. 10, 2897-2902 (1990).
    • (1990) J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2897-2902
    • Sapolsky, R.M.1    Uno, H.2    Rebert, C.S.3    Finch, C.E.4
  • 32
    • 0029044351 scopus 로고
    • MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner, J. D. et al. MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 152, 973-981 (1995).
    • (1995) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 973-981
    • Bremner, J.D.1
  • 33
    • 0030560641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging study of hippocampal volume in chronic, combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Gurvits, T. V. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging study of hippocampal volume in chronic, combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 40, 1091-1099 (1996).
    • (1996) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 1091-1099
    • Gurvits, T.V.1
  • 34
  • 35
    • 23844438717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis
    • Kitayama, N., Vaccarino, V., Kutner, M., Weiss, P. & Bremner, J. D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. J. Affect. Disord. 88, 79-86 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Affect. Disord. , vol.88 , pp. 79-86
    • Kitayama, N.1    Vaccarino, V.2    Kutner, M.3    Weiss, P.4    Bremner, J.D.5
  • 36
    • 77649226360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of hippocampal subfields in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Wang, Z. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of hippocampal subfields in posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 67, 296-303 (2010).
    • (2010) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 296-303
    • Wang, Z.1
  • 37
    • 24944450758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral hippocampal volume reduction in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis of structural MRI studies
    • Smith, M. E. Bilateral hippocampal volume reduction in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis of structural MRI studies. Hippocampus 15, 798-807 (2005).
    • (2005) Hippocampus , vol.15 , pp. 798-807
    • Smith, M.E.1
  • 38
    • 33748132578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of structural brain abnormalities in PTSD
    • Karl, A. et al. A meta-analysis of structural brain abnormalities in PTSD. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 30, 1004-1031 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.30 , pp. 1004-1031
    • Karl, A.1
  • 39
    • 79951881284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender does not moderate hippocampal volume deficits in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis
    • Woon, F. & Hedges, D. W. Gender does not moderate hippocampal volume deficits in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Hippocampus 21, 243-252 (2011).
    • (2011) Hippocampus , vol.21 , pp. 243-252
    • Woon, F.1    Hedges, D.W.2
  • 40
    • 0036830012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma
    • Gilbertson, M. W. et al. Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma. Nature Neurosci. 5, 1242-1247 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 1242-1247
    • Gilbertson, M.W.1
  • 41
    • 0034890620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal MRI study of hippocampal volume in trauma survivors with PTSD
    • Bonne, O. et al. Longitudinal MRI study of hippocampal volume in trauma survivors with PTSD. Am. J. Psychiatry 158, 1248-1251 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.158 , pp. 1248-1251
    • Bonne, O.1
  • 42
    • 0036891075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain morphometry in female victims of intimate partner violence with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Fennema-Notestine, C. Stein, M. B., Kennedy, C. M., Archibald, S. L. & Jernigan, T. L. Brain morphometry in female victims of intimate partner violence with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 52, 1089-1101 (2002).
    • (2002) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 1089-1101
    • Fennema-Notestine, C.1    Stein, M.B.2    Kennedy, C.M.3    Archibald, S.L.4    Jernigan, T.L.5
  • 43
    • 0035881823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot longitudinal study of hippocampal volumes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • De Bellis, M. D., Hall, J., Boring, A. M., Frustaci, K. & Moritz, G. A pilot longitudinal study of hippocampal volumes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 50, 305-309 (2001).
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 305-309
    • De Bellis, M.D.1    Hall, J.2    Boring, A.M.3    Frustaci, K.4    Moritz, G.5
  • 44
    • 33644586776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometric and psychometric comparisons between non-substance-abusing patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and normal controls
    • Emdad, R. et al. Morphometric and psychometric comparisons between non-substance-abusing patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and normal controls. Psychother. Psychosom. 75, 122-132 (2006).
    • (2006) Psychother. Psychosom. , vol.75 , pp. 122-132
    • Emdad, R.1
  • 45
    • 47749141483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced posterior hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bonne, O. et al. Reduced posterior hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 69, 1087-1091 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 1087-1091
    • Bonne, O.1
  • 46
    • 38649114361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal N-acetylaspartate in hippocampus and anterior cingulate in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Schuff, N. et al. Abnormal N-acetylaspartate in hippocampus and anterior cingulate in posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res. 162, 147-157 (2008).
    • (2008) Psychiatry Res , vol.162 , pp. 147-157
    • Schuff, N.1
  • 47
    • 70350231934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in PTSD research-meta-analyses of findings and methodological review
    • Karl, A. & Werner, A. The use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in PTSD research-meta-analyses of findings and methodological review. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 34, 7-22 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.34 , pp. 7-22
    • Karl, A.1    Werner, A.2
  • 48
    • 0028849985 scopus 로고
    • Changes of brain anatomy in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder: A pilot magnetic resonance imaging study
    • Myslobodsky, M. S. et al. Changes of brain anatomy in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychiatry Res. 58, 259-264 (1995).
    • (1995) Psychiatry Res , vol.58 , pp. 259-264
    • Myslobodsky, M.S.1
  • 49
    • 0035026535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypotheses and controversies related to effects of stress on the hippocampus: An argument for stress-induced damage to the hippocampus in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner, J. D. Hypotheses and controversies related to effects of stress on the hippocampus: an argument for stress-induced damage to the hippocampus in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Hippocampus 11, 75-81 (2001).
    • (2001) Hippocampus , vol.11 , pp. 75-81
    • Bremner, J.D.1
  • 50
    • 0142103727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment with paroxetine increases verbal declarative memory and hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Vermetten, E., Vythilingam, M., Southwick, S. M., Charney, D. S. & Bremner, J. D. Long-term treatment with paroxetine increases verbal declarative memory and hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 54, 693-702 (2003).
    • (2003) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 693-702
    • Vermetten, E.1    Vythilingam, M.2    Southwick, S.M.3    Charney, D.S.4    Bremner, J.D.5
  • 51
    • 77956446776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal volume deficits associated with exposure to psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in adults: A meta-analysis
    • Woon, F. L., Sood, S. & Hedges, D. W. Hippocampal volume deficits associated with exposure to psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in adults: a meta-analysis. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 34, 1181-1188 (2010).
    • (2010) Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 1181-1188
    • Woon, F.L.1    Sood, S.2    Hedges, D.W.3
  • 52
    • 39449137166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for acquired pregenual anterior cingulate gray matter loss from a twin study of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Kasai, K. et al. Evidence for acquired pregenual anterior cingulate gray matter loss from a twin study of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 63, 550-556 (2008).
    • (2008) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 550-556
    • Kasai, K.1
  • 53
    • 31844444257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smaller volume of anterior cingulate cortex in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Kitayama, N., Quinn, S. & Bremner, J. D. Smaller volume of anterior cingulate cortex in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Affect. Disord. 90, 171-174 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Affect. Disord. , vol.90 , pp. 171-174
    • Kitayama, N.1    Quinn, S.2    Bremner, J.D.3
  • 54
    • 77955660459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased prefrontal cortical volume associated with increased bedtime cortisol in traumatized youth
    • Carrion, V. G., Weems, C. F., Richert, K., Hoffman, B. C. & Reiss, A. L. Decreased prefrontal cortical volume associated with increased bedtime cortisol in traumatized youth. Biol. Psychiatry 68, 491-493 (2010).
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 491-493
    • Carrion, V.G.1    Weems, C.F.2    Richert, K.3    Hoffman, B.C.4    Reiss, A.L.5
  • 55
    • 33846433696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetrically altered integrity of cingulum bundle in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Kim, S. J. et al. Asymmetrically altered integrity of cingulum bundle in posttraumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychobiology 54, 120-125 (2006).
    • (2006) Neuropsychobiology , vol.54 , pp. 120-125
    • Kim, S.J.1
  • 56
    • 84876695116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain structural changes as vulnerability factors and acquired signs of post-earthquake stress
    • 22 May doi:10.1038/mp.2012.51
    • Sekiguchi, A. et al. Brain structural changes as vulnerability factors and acquired signs of post-earthquake stress. Mol. Psychiatry 22 May 2012 (doi:10.1038/mp.2012.51).
    • (2012) Mol. Psychiatry
    • Sekiguchi, A.1
  • 57
    • 0033035615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear in the rat
    • Morrow, B. A., Elsworth, J. D., Rasmusson, A. M. & Roth, R. H. The role of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear in the rat. Neuroscience 92, 553-564 (1999).
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.92 , pp. 553-564
    • Morrow, B.A.1    Elsworth, J.D.2    Rasmusson, A.M.3    Roth, R.H.4
  • 58
    • 76949102492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal circuits of fear extinction
    • Herry, C. et al. Neuronal circuits of fear extinction. Eur. J. Neurosci. 31, 599-612 (2010).
    • (2010) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.31 , pp. 599-612
    • Herry, C.1
  • 59
    • 82955229598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear extinction as a model for translational neuroscience: Ten years of progress
    • Milad, M. R. & Quirk, G. J. Fear extinction as a model for translational neuroscience: ten years of progress. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 63, 129-151 (2012).
    • (2012) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.63 , pp. 129-151
    • Milad, M.R.1    Quirk, G.J.2
  • 60
    • 0033118886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain activation in PTSD in response to trauma-related stimuli
    • Liberzon, I. et al. Brain activation in PTSD in response to trauma-related stimuli. Biol. Psychiatry 45, 817-826 (1999).
    • (1999) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 817-826
    • Liberzon, I.1
  • 61
    • 35748963237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional neuroimaging of anxiety: A meta-analysis of emotional processing in PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia
    • Etkin, A. & Wager, T. D. Functional neuroimaging of anxiety: a meta-analysis of emotional processing in PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia. Am. J. Psychiatry 164, 1476-1488 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 1476-1488
    • Etkin, A.1    Wager, T.D.2
  • 62
    • 21044432211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomographic imaging of neural correlates of a fear acquisition and extinction paradigm in women with childhood sexual-abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner, J. D. et al. Positron emission tomographic imaging of neural correlates of a fear acquisition and extinction paradigm in women with childhood sexual-abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychol. Med. 35, 791-806 (2005).
    • (2005) Psychol. Med. , vol.35 , pp. 791-806
    • Bremner, J.D.1
  • 63
    • 0032946734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow during script-driven imagery in childhood sexual abuse-related PTSD: A PET investigation
    • Shin, L. M. et al. Regional cerebral blood flow during script-driven imagery in childhood sexual abuse-related PTSD: a PET investigation. Am. J. Psychiatry 156, 575-584 (1999).
    • (1999) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 575-584
    • Shin, L.M.1
  • 64
    • 84857314161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased regional cerebral blood flow in medial prefrontal cortex during trauma-unrelated stressful imagery in Vietnam veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Gold, A. L. et al. Decreased regional cerebral blood flow in medial prefrontal cortex during trauma-unrelated stressful imagery in Vietnam veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychol. Med. 41, 2563-2572 (2011).
    • (2011) Psychol. Med. , vol.41 , pp. 2563-2572
    • Gold, A.L.1
  • 65
    • 77249163764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural responses to masked fear faces: Sex differences and trauma exposure in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Felmingham, K. et al. Neural responses to masked fear faces: sex differences and trauma exposure in posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 119, 241-247 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Abnorm. Psychol. , vol.119 , pp. 241-247
    • Felmingham, K.1
  • 66
    • 9144262943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex during traumatic imagery in male and female Vietnam veterans with PTSD
    • Shin, L. M. et al. Regional cerebral blood flow in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex during traumatic imagery in male and female Vietnam veterans with PTSD. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 61, 168-176 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 168-176
    • Shin, L.M.1
  • 67
    • 33947613510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in anterior cingulate and amygdala after cognitive behavior therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Felmingham, K. et al. Changes in anterior cingulate and amygdala after cognitive behavior therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychol. Sci. 18, 127-129 (2007).
    • (2007) Psychol. Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 127-129
    • Felmingham, K.1
  • 68
    • 70350525706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological basis of failure to recall extinction memory in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Milad, M. R. et al. Neurobiological basis of failure to recall extinction memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 66, 1075-1082 (2009).
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 1075-1082
    • Milad, M.R.1
  • 69
    • 0035894566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An fMRI study of anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Shin, L. M. et al. An fMRI study of anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 50, 932-942 (2001).
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 932-942
    • Shin, L.M.1
  • 70
    • 78650559508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered processing of contextual information during fear extinction in PTSD: An fMRI study
    • Rougemont-Bucking, A. et al. Altered processing of contextual information during fear extinction in PTSD: an fMRI study. CNS Neurosci. Ther. 17, 227-236 (2011).
    • (2011) CNS Neurosci. Ther. , vol.17 , pp. 227-236
    • Rougemont-Bucking, A.1
  • 71
    • 22444443853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural networks of information processing in posttraumatic stress disorder: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study
    • Bryant, R. A. et al. Neural networks of information processing in posttraumatic stress disorder: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Biol. Psychiatry 58, 111-118 (2005).
    • (2005) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 111-118
    • Bryant, R.A.1
  • 72
    • 62149134578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the neural circuitry for emotion and attention associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology
    • Pannu, H. J., Labar, K. S., Petty, C. M., McCarthy, G. & Morey, R. A. Alterations in the neural circuitry for emotion and attention associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology. Psychiatry Res. 172, 7-15 (2009).
    • (2009) Psychiatry Res , vol.172 , pp. 7-15
    • Pannu, H.J.1    Labar, K.S.2    Petty, C.M.3    McCarthy, G.4    Morey, R.A.5
  • 73
    • 77955660037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exaggerated and disconnected insular-amygdalar blood oxygenation level-dependent response to threat-related emotional faces in women with intimate-partner violence posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Fonzo, G. A. et al. Exaggerated and disconnected insular-amygdalar blood oxygenation level-dependent response to threat-related emotional faces in women with intimate-partner violence posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 68, 433-441 (2010).
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 433-441
    • Fonzo, G.A.1
  • 74
    • 70349684912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting metabolic activity in the cingulate cortex and vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Shin, L. M. et al. Resting metabolic activity in the cingulate cortex and vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 66, 1099-1107 (2009).
    • (2009) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 1099-1107
    • Shin, L.M.1
  • 75
    • 80052482934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exaggerated activation of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during cognitive interference: A monozygotic twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Shin, L. M. et al. Exaggerated activation of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during cognitive interference: a monozygotic twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 168, 979-985 (2011).
    • (2011) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.168 , pp. 979-985
    • Shin, L.M.1
  • 76
    • 0038182457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI and PET study of deficits in hippocampal structure and function in women with childhood sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner, J. D. et al. MRI and PET study of deficits in hippocampal structure and function in women with childhood sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 160, 924-932 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 924-932
    • Bremner, J.D.1
  • 77
    • 72049085534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurocircuitry of fear, stress, and anxiety disorders
    • Shin, L. M. & Liberzon, I. The neurocircuitry of fear, stress, and anxiety disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 35, 169-191 (2010).
    • (2010) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.35 , pp. 169-191
    • Shin, L.M.1    Liberzon, I.2
  • 78
    • 52949094245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional activation and neural networks in women with posttraumatic stress disorder related to intimate partner violence
    • Simmons, A. N. et al. Functional activation and neural networks in women with posttraumatic stress disorder related to intimate partner violence. Biol. Psychiatry 64, 681-690 (2008).
    • (2008) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 681-690
    • Simmons, A.N.1
  • 79
    • 77955655689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of altered pain response in women with posttraumatic stress disorder from intimate partner violence
    • Strigo, I. A. et al. Neural correlates of altered pain response in women with posttraumatic stress disorder from intimate partner violence. Biol. Psychiatry 68, 442-450 (2010).
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 442-450
    • Strigo, I.A.1
  • 80
    • 84859472371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during emotional anticipation and neuropsychological performance in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Aupperle, R. L. et al. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during emotional anticipation and neuropsychological performance in posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 69, 360-371 (2012).
    • (2012) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 360-371
    • Aupperle, R.L.1
  • 81
    • 84866933592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative meta-analysis of neural activity in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Hayes, J. P., Hayes, S. M. & Mikedis, A. M. Quantitative meta-analysis of neural activity in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. 2, 9 (2012).
    • (2012) Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. , vol.2 , pp. 9
    • Hayes, J.P.1    Hayes, S.M.2    Mikedis, A.M.3
  • 82
    • 0036020027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are the neural substrates of memory the final common pathway in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
    • Elzinga, B. M. & Bremner, J. D. Are the neural substrates of memory the final common pathway in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? J. Affect. Disord. 70, 1-17 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Affect. Disord. , vol.70 , pp. 1-17
    • Elzinga, B.M.1    Bremner, J.D.2
  • 83
    • 33747051450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocircuitry models of posttraumatic stress disorder and extinction: Human neuroimaging research-past, present, and future
    • Rauch, S. L., Shin, L. M. & Phelps, E. A. Neurocircuitry models of posttraumatic stress disorder and extinction: human neuroimaging research-past, present, and future. Biol. Psychiatry 60, 376-382 (2006).
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 376-382
    • Rauch, S.L.1    Shin, L.M.2    Phelps, E.A.3
  • 84
    • 32244438457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combat effects on mental health: The more things change, the more they remain the same
    • Pitman, R. K. Combat effects on mental health: the more things change, the more they remain the same. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 63, 127-128 (2006).
    • (2006) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 127-128
    • Pitman, R.K.1
  • 85
    • 37249038476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Geuze, E. et al. Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 13, 74-83 (2008).
    • (2008) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.13 , pp. 74-83
    • Geuze, E.1
  • 86
    • 80255127523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced amygdala serotonin transporter binding in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Murrough, J. W. et al. Reduced amygdala serotonin transporter binding in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 70, 1033-1038 (2011).
    • (2011) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 1033-1038
    • Murrough, J.W.1
  • 87
    • 34047247208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered central mu-opioid receptor binding after psychological trauma
    • Liberzon, I. et al. Altered central mu-opioid receptor binding after psychological trauma. Biol. Psychiatry 61, 1030-1038 (2007).
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 1030-1038
    • Liberzon, I.1
  • 88
    • 80052516581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of early trauma exposure on serotonin type 1B receptor expression revealed by reduced selective radioligand binding
    • Murrough, J. W. et al. The effect of early trauma exposure on serotonin type 1B receptor expression revealed by reduced selective radioligand binding. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 68, 892-900 (2011).
    • (2011) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 892-900
    • Murrough, J.W.1
  • 89
    • 0033232481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of norepinephrine in the pathophysiology and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Southwick, S. M. et al. Role of norepinephrine in the pathophysiology and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 46, 1192-1204 (1999).
    • (1999) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1192-1204
    • Southwick, S.M.1
  • 90
    • 0024322451 scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic stress disorder, hormones, and memory
    • Pitman, R. K. Post-traumatic stress disorder, hormones, and memory. Biol. Psychiatry 26, 221-223 (1989).
    • (1989) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.26 , pp. 221-223
    • Pitman, R.K.1
  • 91
    • 0343920026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low baseline and yohimbine-stimulated plasma neuropeptide y (NPY) levels in combat-related PTSD
    • Rasmusson, A. M. et al. Low baseline and yohimbine-stimulated plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels in combat-related PTSD. Biol. Psychiatry 47, 526-539 (2000).
    • (2000) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 526-539
    • Rasmusson, A.M.1
  • 92
    • 0023449930 scopus 로고
    • Altered platelet α2-adrenergic binding sites in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Perry, B. D., Giller, E. L. Jr & Southwick, S. M. Altered platelet α2-adrenergic binding sites in posttraumatic stress disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 144, 1511-1512 (1987).
    • (1987) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 1511-1512
    • Perry, B.D.1    Giller Jr., E.L.2    Southwick, S.M.3
  • 93
    • 0033080761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonergic and noradrenergic markers of post-traumatic stress disorder with and without major depression
    • Maes, M. et al. Serotonergic and noradrenergic markers of post-traumatic stress disorder with and without major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 20, 188-197 (1999).
    • (1999) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.20 , pp. 188-197
    • Maes, M.1
  • 94
    • 0025800973 scopus 로고
    • Changes in plasma norepinephrine to combat-related stimuli among Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Blanchard, E. B., Kolb, L. C., Prins, A., Gates, S. & McCoy, G. C. Changes in plasma norepinephrine to combat-related stimuli among Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 179, 371-373 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. , vol.179 , pp. 371-373
    • Blanchard, E.B.1    Kolb, L.C.2    Prins, A.3    Gates, S.4    McCoy, G.C.5
  • 95
    • 0027447306 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal noradrenergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Southwick, S. M. et al. Abnormal noradrenergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50, 266-274 (1993).
    • (1993) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 266-274
    • Southwick, S.M.1
  • 96
    • 0029119857 scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal/daytime urine noradrenergic measures and sleep in combat-related PTSD
    • Mellman, T. A., Kumar, A., Kulick-Bell, R., Kumar, M. & Nolan, B. Nocturnal/daytime urine noradrenergic measures and sleep in combat-related PTSD. Biol. Psychiatry 38, 174-179 (1995).
    • (1995) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 174-179
    • Mellman, T.A.1    Kumar, A.2    Kulick-Bell, R.3    Kumar, M.4    Nolan, B.5
  • 97
    • 0032982625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine and psychophysiologic responses in PTSD: A symptom provocation study
    • Liberzon, I., Abelson, J. L., Flagel, S. B., Raz, J. & Young, E. A. Neuroendocrine and psychophysiologic responses in PTSD: a symptom provocation study. Neuropsychopharmacology 21, 40-50 (1999).
    • (1999) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.21 , pp. 40-50
    • Liberzon, I.1    Abelson, J.L.2    Flagel, S.B.3    Raz, J.4    Young, E.A.5
  • 98
    • 8044229432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomography measurement of cerebral metabolic correlates of yohimbine administration in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner, J. D. et al. Positron emission tomography measurement of cerebral metabolic correlates of yohimbine administration in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 54, 246-254 (1997).
    • (1997) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 246-254
    • Bremner, J.D.1
  • 99
    • 33644820533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daytime prazosin reduces psychological distress to trauma specific cues in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Taylor, F. B. et al. Daytime prazosin reduces psychological distress to trauma specific cues in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 59, 577-581 (2006).
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 577-581
    • Taylor, F.B.1
  • 100
    • 33947587104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A parallel group placebo controlled study of prazosin for trauma nightmares and sleep disturbance in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Raskind, M. A. et al. A parallel group placebo controlled study of prazosin for trauma nightmares and sleep disturbance in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 61, 928-934 (2007).
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 928-934
    • Raskind, M.A.1
  • 101
    • 0142188601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate treatment with propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress disorder two months after trauma
    • Vaiva, G. et al. Immediate treatment with propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress disorder two months after trauma. Biol. Psychiatry 54, 947-949 (2003).
    • (2003) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 947-949
    • Vaiva, G.1
  • 102
    • 38049049257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy to prevent PTSD: Results from a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial in physically injured patients
    • Stein, M. B., Kerridge, C., Dimsdale, J. E. & Hoyt, D. B. Pharmacotherapy to prevent PTSD: results from a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial in physically injured patients. J. Trauma Stress. 20, 923-932 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Trauma Stress. , vol.20 , pp. 923-932
    • Stein, M.B.1    Kerridge, C.2    Dimsdale, J.E.3    Hoyt, D.B.4
  • 103
    • 84863049769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of acute posttrauma propranolol on PTSD outcome and physiological responses during script-driven imagery
    • Hoge, E. A. et al. Effect of acute posttrauma propranolol on PTSD outcome and physiological responses during script-driven imagery. CNS Neurosci. Ther. 18, 21-27 (2012).
    • (2012) CNS Neurosci. Ther. , vol.18 , pp. 21-27
    • Hoge, E.A.1
  • 104
    • 0030810755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic and serotonergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Southwick, S. M. et al. Noradrenergic and serotonergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 54, 749-758 (1997).
    • (1997) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 749-758
    • Southwick, S.M.1
  • 105
    • 0028863641 scopus 로고
    • The serotonin agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) binds to serotonin transporter sites in human brain
    • Baumann, M. H., Mash, D. C. & Staley, J. K. The serotonin agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) binds to serotonin transporter sites in human brain. Neuroreport 6, 2150-2152 (1995).
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.6 , pp. 2150-2152
    • Baumann, M.H.1    Mash, D.C.2    Staley, J.K.3
  • 106
    • 0026357341 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin-selective arylpiperazines with neuroendocrine, behavioral, temperature, and cardiovascular effects in humans
    • Murphy, D. L., Lesch, K. P., Aulakh, C. S. & Pigott, T. A. Serotonin-selective arylpiperazines with neuroendocrine, behavioral, temperature, and cardiovascular effects in humans. Pharmacol. Rev. 43, 527-552 (1991).
    • (1991) Pharmacol. Rev. , vol.43 , pp. 527-552
    • Murphy, D.L.1    Lesch, K.P.2    Aulakh, C.S.3    Pigott, T.A.4
  • 107
    • 0028608831 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic administration of selective 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenaline uptake inhibitors on a putative index of 5-HT2C/2B receptor function
    • Kennett, G. A. et al. Effect of chronic administration of selective 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenaline uptake inhibitors on a putative index of 5-HT2C/2B receptor function. Neuropharmacology 33, 1581-1588 (1994).
    • (1994) Neuropharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 1581-1588
    • Kennett, G.A.1
  • 108
    • 0033998014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide y blocks anxiogenic-like behavioral action of corticotropin-releasing factor in an operant conflict test and elevated plus maze
    • Britton, K. T., Akwa, Y., Spina, M. G. & Koob, G. F. Neuropeptide Y blocks anxiogenic-like behavioral action of corticotropin-releasing factor in an operant conflict test and elevated plus maze. Peptides 21, 37-44 (2000).
    • (2000) Peptides , vol.21 , pp. 37-44
    • Britton, K.T.1    Akwa, Y.2    Spina, M.G.3    Koob, G.F.4
  • 109
    • 42549135962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in human NPY expression affects stress response and emotion
    • Zhou, Z. et al. Genetic variation in human NPY expression affects stress response and emotion. Nature 452, 997-1001 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature , vol.452 , pp. 997-1001
    • Zhou, Z.1
  • 110
    • 0037100255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide-Y, cortisol, and subjective distress in humans exposed to acute stress: Replication and extension of previous report
    • Morgan, C. A. et al. Neuropeptide-Y, cortisol, and subjective distress in humans exposed to acute stress: replication and extension of previous report. Biol. Psychiatry 52,136-142 (2002).
    • (2002) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 136-142
    • Morgan, C.A.1
  • 111
    • 69749125954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low cerebrospinal fluid neuropeptide y concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Sah, R. et al. Low cerebrospinal fluid neuropeptide Y concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 66, 705-707 (2009).
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 705-707
    • Sah, R.1
  • 112
    • 33644817491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma neuropeptide y concentrations in combat exposed veterans: Relationship to trauma exposure, recovery from PTSD, and coping
    • Yehuda, R., Brand, S. & Yang, R. K. Plasma neuropeptide Y concentrations in combat exposed veterans: relationship to trauma exposure, recovery from PTSD, and coping. Biol. Psychiatry 59, 660-663 (2006).
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 660-663
    • Yehuda, R.1    Brand, S.2    Yang, R.K.3
  • 113
    • 0025241288 scopus 로고
    • Physiological and behavioral responses to corticotropin-releasing factor administration: Is CRF a mediator of anxiety or stress responses?
    • Dunn, A. J. & Berridge, C. W. Physiological and behavioral responses to corticotropin-releasing factor administration: is CRF a mediator of anxiety or stress responses? Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 15, 71-100 (1990).
    • (1990) Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. , vol.15 , pp. 71-100
    • Dunn, A.J.1    Berridge, C.W.2
  • 114
    • 18744371609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher levels of basal serial CSF cortisol in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Baker, D. G. et al. Higher levels of basal serial CSF cortisol in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 162, 992-994 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 992-994
    • Baker, D.G.1
  • 115
    • 36248930363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated plasma corticotrophin-releasing hormone levels in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • de Kloet, C. S. et al. Elevated plasma corticotrophin-releasing hormone levels in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Prog. Brain Res. 167, 287-291 (2008).
    • (2008) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.167 , pp. 287-291
    • De Kloet, C.S.1
  • 116
    • 41849123044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of trauma-related audiovisual stimulation on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and corticotropin-releasing hormone concentrations in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Geracioti, T. D. Jr et al. Effects of trauma-related audiovisual stimulation on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and corticotropin-releasing hormone concentrations in post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 33, 416-424 (2008).
    • (2008) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.33 , pp. 416-424
    • Geracioti Jr., T.D.1
  • 117
    • 0025300355 scopus 로고
    • Low urinary cortisol excretion in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Yehuda, R. et al. Low urinary cortisol excretion in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 178, 366-369 (1990).
    • (1990) J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. , vol.178 , pp. 366-369
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 118
    • 0037050366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Yehuda, R. Post-traumatic stress disorder. N. Engl. J. Med. 346, 108-114 (2002).
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.346 , pp. 108-114
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 119
    • 0029043632 scopus 로고
    • Dose-response changes in plasma cortisol and lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Yehuda, R., Boisoneau, D., Lowy, M. T. & Giller, E. L. Jr. Dose-response changes in plasma cortisol and lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 52, 583-593 (1995).
    • (1995) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 583-593
    • Yehuda, R.1    Boisoneau, D.2    Lowy, M.T.3    Giller Jr., E.L.4
  • 121
    • 70449413781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of glucocorticoid alterations in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Yehuda, R. Status of glucocorticoid alterations in post-traumatic stress disorder. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1179, 56-69 (2009).
    • (2009) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.1179 , pp. 56-69
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 122
    • 80051926419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using polymorphisms in FKBP5 to define biologically distinct subtypes of posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence from endocrine and gene expression studies
    • Mehta, D. et al. Using polymorphisms in FKBP5 to define biologically distinct subtypes of posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence from endocrine and gene expression studies. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 68, 901-910 (2011).
    • (2011) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 901-910
    • Mehta, D.1
  • 123
    • 1842528209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol and catecholamines in posttraumatic stress disorder: An epidemiologic community study
    • Young, E. A. & Breslau, N. Cortisol and catecholamines in posttraumatic stress disorder: an epidemiologic community study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 61, 394-401 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 394-401
    • Young, E.A.1    Breslau, N.2
  • 124
    • 3242763753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saliva cortisol in posttraumatic stress disorder: A community epidemiologic study
    • Young, E. A. & Breslau, N. Saliva cortisol in posttraumatic stress disorder: a community epidemiologic study. Biol. Psychiatry 56, 205-209 (2004).
    • (2004) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 205-209
    • Young, E.A.1    Breslau, N.2
  • 125
    • 0035894627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased pituitary and adrenal reactivity in premenopausal women with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Rasmusson, A. M. et al. Increased pituitary and adrenal reactivity in premenopausal women with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 50, 965-977 (2001).
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 965-977
    • Rasmusson, A.M.1
  • 126
    • 12144287939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress doses of hydrocortisone, traumatic memories, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after cardiac surgery: A randomized study
    • Schelling, G. et al. Stress doses of hydrocortisone, traumatic memories, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized study. Biol. Psychiatry 55, 627-633 (2004).
    • (2004) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 627-633
    • Schelling, G.1
  • 127
    • 80053386486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High dose hydrocortisone immediately after trauma may alter the trajectory of PTSD: Interplay between clinical and animal studies
    • Zohar, J. et al. High dose hydrocortisone immediately after trauma may alter the trajectory of PTSD: interplay between clinical and animal studies. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 21, 796-809 (2011).
    • (2011) Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.21 , pp. 796-809
    • Zohar, J.1
  • 128
    • 33746448254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of memory retrieval: Implications for posttraumatic stress disorder
    • de Quervain, D. J. Glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of memory retrieval: implications for posttraumatic stress disorder. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1071, 216-220 (2006).
    • (2006) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.1071 , pp. 216-220
    • De Quervain, D.J.1
  • 130
    • 79953164379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoids act on glutamatergic pathways to affect memory processes
    • Sandi, C. Glucocorticoids act on glutamatergic pathways to affect memory processes. Trends Neurosci. 34, 165-176 (2011).
    • (2011) Trends Neurosci , vol.34 , pp. 165-176
    • Sandi, C.1
  • 131
    • 0031979258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone regulation of the rat 3α-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase gene
    • Hou, Y. T., Lin, H. K. & Penning, T. M. Dexamethasone regulation of the rat 3α-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase gene. Mol. Pharmacol. 53, 459-466 (1998).
    • (1998) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.53 , pp. 459-466
    • Hou, Y.T.1    Lin, H.K.2    Penning, T.M.3
  • 132
    • 33748182420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking as a complex but critical covariate in neurobiological studies of posttraumatic stress disorders: A review
    • Rasmusson, A. M., Picciotto, M. R. & Krishnan-Sarin, S. Smoking as a complex but critical covariate in neurobiological studies of posttraumatic stress disorders: a review. J. Psychopharmacol. 20, 693-707 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Psychopharmacol. , vol.20 , pp. 693-707
    • Rasmusson, A.M.1    Picciotto, M.R.2    Krishnan-Sarin, S.3
  • 133
    • 69849109461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol metabolic predictors of response to psychotherapy for symptoms of PTSD in survivors of the World Trade Center attacks on September 11, 2001
    • Yehuda, R. et al. Cortisol metabolic predictors of response to psychotherapy for symptoms of PTSD in survivors of the World Trade Center attacks on September 11, 2001. Psychoneuroendocrinology 34, 1304-1313 (2009).
    • (2009) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.34 , pp. 1304-1313
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 134
    • 1842558358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuroendocrinology of posttraumatic stress disorder: New directions
    • Rasmusson, A. M., Vythilingam, M. & Morgan, C. A. The neuroendocrinology of posttraumatic stress disorder: new directions. CNS Spectr. 8, 651-657 (2003).
    • (2003) CNS Spectr , vol.8 , pp. 651-657
    • Rasmusson, A.M.1    Vythilingam, M.2    Morgan, C.A.3
  • 135
    • 33751244248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites and their interactions in humans
    • Chalbot, S. & Morfin, R. Dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites and their interactions in humans. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 22, 1-23 (2006).
    • (2006) Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. , vol.22 , pp. 1-23
    • Chalbot, S.1    Morfin, R.2
  • 137
    • 0033626831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated circulatory level of GABAA-antagonistic neurosteroids in patients with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Spivak, B. et al. Elevated circulatory level of GABAA-antagonistic neurosteroids in patients with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychol. Med. 30, 1227-1231 (2000).
    • (2000) Psychol. Med. , vol.30 , pp. 1227-1231
    • Spivak, B.1
  • 138
    • 0036037554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated blood levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate vary with symptom load in posttraumatic stress disorder: Findings from a longitudinal study of refugees in Sweden
    • Sondergaard, H. P., Hansson, L. O. & Theorell, T. Elevated blood levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate vary with symptom load in posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from a longitudinal study of refugees in Sweden. Psychother. Psychosom. 71, 298-303 (2002).
    • (2002) Psychother. Psychosom. , vol.71 , pp. 298-303
    • Sondergaard, H.P.1    Hansson, L.O.2    Theorell, T.3
  • 139
    • 3242791689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An increased capacity for adrenal DHEA release is associated with decreased avoidance and negative mood symptoms in women with PTSD
    • Rasmusson, A. M. et al. An increased capacity for adrenal DHEA release is associated with decreased avoidance and negative mood symptoms in women with PTSD. Neuropsychopharmacology 29, 1546-1557 (2004).
    • (2004) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.29 , pp. 1546-1557
    • Rasmusson, A.M.1
  • 140
    • 61849166110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low cortisol, high DHEA, and high levels of stimulated TNFα, and IL-6 in women with PTSD
    • Gill, J., Vythilingam, M. & Page, G. G. Low cortisol, high DHEA, and high levels of stimulated TNFα, and IL-6 in women with PTSD. J. Trauma Stress 21, 530-539 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Trauma Stress , vol.21 , pp. 530-539
    • Gill, J.1    Vythilingam, M.2    Page, G.G.3
  • 141
    • 3543139554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships among plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol levels, symptoms of dissociation, and objective performance in humans exposed to acute stress
    • Morgan, C. A. et al. Relationships among plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol levels, symptoms of dissociation, and objective performance in humans exposed to acute stress. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 61, 819-825 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 819-825
    • Morgan, C.A.1
  • 142
    • 67651014472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships among plasma dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cortisol, symptoms of dissociation, and objective performance in humans exposed to underwater navigation stress
    • Morgan, C. A., Rasmusson, A., Pietrzak, R. H., Coric, V. & Southwick, S. M. Relationships among plasma dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cortisol, symptoms of dissociation, and objective performance in humans exposed to underwater navigation stress. Biol. Psychiatry 66, 334-340 (2009).
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 334-340
    • Morgan, C.A.1    Rasmusson, A.2    Pietrzak, R.H.3    Coric, V.4    Southwick, S.M.5
  • 143
    • 33746407508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical correlates of DHEA associated with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Yehuda, R., Brand, S. R., Golier, J. A. & Yang, R. K. Clinical correlates of DHEA associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 114, 187-193 (2006).
    • (2006) Acta Psychiatr. Scand. , vol.114 , pp. 187-193
    • Yehuda, R.1    Brand, S.R.2    Golier, J.A.3    Yang, R.K.4
  • 144
    • 33748901641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased cerebrospinal fluid allopregnanolone levels in women with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Rasmusson, A. M. et al. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid allopregnanolone levels in women with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 60, 704-713 (2006).
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 704-713
    • Rasmusson, A.M.1
  • 145
    • 0346219418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term low-dose dehydroepiandrosterone oral supplementation in early and late postmenopausal women modulates endocrine parameters and synthesis of neuroactive steroids
    • Genazzani, A. D. et al. Long-term low-dose dehydroepiandrosterone oral supplementation in early and late postmenopausal women modulates endocrine parameters and synthesis of neuroactive steroids. Fertil. Steril. 80, 1495-1501 (2003).
    • (2003) Fertil. Steril. , vol.80 , pp. 1495-1501
    • Genazzani, A.D.1
  • 146
    • 13244288062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone monotherapy in midlife-onset major and minor depression
    • Schmidt, P. J. et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone monotherapy in midlife-onset major and minor depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 62, 154-162 (2005).
    • (2005) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 154-162
    • Schmidt, P.J.1
  • 147
    • 1942501006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonically active GABAA receptors: Modulating gain and maintaining the tone
    • Semyanov, A., Walker, M. C., Kullmann, D. M. & Silver, R. A. Tonically active GABAA receptors: modulating gain and maintaining the tone. Trends Neurosci. 27, 262-269 (2004).
    • (2004) Trends Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 262-269
    • Semyanov, A.1    Walker, M.C.2    Kullmann, D.M.3    Silver, R.A.4
  • 148
    • 0037452699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In socially isolated mice, the reversal of brain allopregnanolone down-regulation mediates the anti-aggressive action of fluoxetine
    • Pinna, G., Dong, E., Matsumoto, K., Costa, E. & Guidotti, A. In socially isolated mice, the reversal of brain allopregnanolone down-regulation mediates the anti-aggressive action of fluoxetine. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 2035-2040 (2003).
    • (2003) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 2035-2040
    • Pinna, G.1    Dong, E.2    Matsumoto, K.3    Costa, E.4    Guidotti, A.5
  • 149
    • 0027410515 scopus 로고
    • A twin study of genetic and environmental contributions to liability for posttraumatic stress symptoms
    • True, W. R. et al. A twin study of genetic and environmental contributions to liability for posttraumatic stress symptoms. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50, 257-264 (1993).
    • (1993) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 257-264
    • True, W.R.1
  • 150
    • 0036789213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental influences on trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: A twin study
    • Stein, M. B., Jang, K. L., Taylor, S., Vernon, P. A. & Livesley, W. J. Genetic and environmental influences on trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: a twin study. Am. J. Psychiatry 159, 1675-1681 (2002).
    • (2002) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 1675-1681
    • Stein, M.B.1    Jang, K.L.2    Taylor, S.3    Vernon, P.A.4    Livesley, W.J.5
  • 151
    • 79958824046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common genetic and environmental contributions to post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence in young women
    • Sartor, C. E. et al. Common genetic and environmental contributions to post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence in young women. Psychol. Med. 41, 1497-1505 (2011).
    • (2011) Psychol. Med. , vol.41 , pp. 1497-1505
    • Sartor, C.E.1
  • 153
    • 0141671696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to traumatic events and experiences: Aetiological relationships with personality function
    • Jang, K. L., Stein, M. B., Taylor, S., Asmundson, G. J. & Livesley, W. J. Exposure to traumatic events and experiences: aetiological relationships with personality function. Psychiatry Res. 120, 61-69 (2003).
    • (2003) Psychiatry Res , vol.120 , pp. 61-69
    • Jang, K.L.1    Stein, M.B.2    Taylor, S.3    Asmundson, G.J.4    Livesley, W.J.5
  • 154
    • 77956392717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of post-traumatic stress disorder: Review and recommendations for genome-wide association studies
    • Cornelis, M. C., Nugent, N. R., Amstadter, A. B. & Koenen, K. C. Genetics of post-traumatic stress disorder: review and recommendations for genome-wide association studies. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 12, 313-326 (2010).
    • (2010) Curr. Psychiatry Rep. , vol.12 , pp. 313-326
    • Cornelis, M.C.1    Nugent, N.R.2    Amstadter, A.B.3    Koenen, K.C.4
  • 155
    • 84857947079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common heritable contributions to low-risk trauma, high-risk trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depression
    • Sartor, C. E. et al. Common heritable contributions to low-risk trauma, high-risk trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 69, 293-299 (2012).
    • (2012) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 293-299
    • Sartor, C.E.1
  • 156
    • 68449086236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
    • Purcell, S. M. et al. Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Nature 460, 748-752 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature , vol.460 , pp. 748-752
    • Purcell, S.M.1
  • 157
    • 79952171975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with PACAP and the PAC1 receptor
    • Ressler, K. J. et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with PACAP and the PAC1 receptor. Nature 470, 492-497 (2011).
    • (2011) Nature , vol.470 , pp. 492-497
    • Ressler, K.J.1
  • 158
    • 84857360131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No association between ADCYAP1R1 and post-traumatic stress disorder in two independent samples
    • Chang, S. C. et al. No association between ADCYAP1R1 and post-traumatic stress disorder in two independent samples. Mol. Psychiatry 17, 239-241 (2012).
    • (2012) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.17 , pp. 239-241
    • Chang, S.C.1
  • 159
    • 18444386162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression profiles identify emergent post-traumatic stress disorder among trauma survivors
    • Segman, R. H. et al. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression profiles identify emergent post-traumatic stress disorder among trauma survivors. Mol. Psychiatry 10, 500-513 (2005).
    • (2005) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 500-513
    • Segman, R.H.1
  • 160
    • 33846484434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential gene expression in peripheral blood of patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Zieker, J. et al. Differential gene expression in peripheral blood of patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 12, 116-118 (2007).
    • (2007) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 116-118
    • Zieker, J.1
  • 161
    • 69749097818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression patterns associated with posttraumatic stress disorder following exposure to the World Trade Center attacks
    • Yehuda, R. et al. Gene expression patterns associated with posttraumatic stress disorder following exposure to the World Trade Center attacks. Biol. Psychiatry 66, 708-711 (2009).
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 708-711
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 162
    • 79955081987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression and methylation signatures of MAN2C1 are associated with PTSD
    • Uddin, M. et al. Gene expression and methylation signatures of MAN2C1 are associated with PTSD. Dis. Markers 30, 111-121 (2011).
    • (2011) Dis. Markers , vol.30 , pp. 111-121
    • Uddin, M.1
  • 163
    • 36348996093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The serotonin transporter genotype and social support and moderation of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in hurricane-exposed adults
    • Kilpatrick, D. G. et al. The serotonin transporter genotype and social support and moderation of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in hurricane-exposed adults. Am. J. Psychiatry 164, 1693-1699 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 1693-1699
    • Kilpatrick, D.G.1
  • 164
    • 40949142290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood abuse with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults
    • Binder, E. B. et al. Association of FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood abuse with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults. JAMA 299, 1291-1305 (2008).
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , pp. 1291-1305
    • Binder, E.B.1
  • 165
    • 77952709206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic and immune function profiles associated with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Uddin, M. et al. Epigenetic and immune function profiles associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 9470-9475 (2010).
    • (2010) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 9470-9475
    • Uddin, M.1
  • 166
    • 80051555848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential immune system DNA methylation and cytokine regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Smith, A. K. et al. Differential immune system DNA methylation and cytokine regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder. Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 156B, 700-708 (2011).
    • (2011) Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. , vol.156 B , pp. 700-708
    • Smith, A.K.1
  • 167
    • 70350647033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive effect of stressful life events and the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype on posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis in 2 independent populations
    • Xie, P. et al. Interactive effect of stressful life events and the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype on posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis in 2 independent populations. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 66, 1201-1209 (2009).
    • (2009) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 1201-1209
    • Xie, P.1
  • 168
    • 84864940810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype moderates the effects of childhood adversity on posttraumatic stress disorder risk: A replication study
    • Xie, P., Kranzler, H. R., Farrer, L. & Gelernter, J. Serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype moderates the effects of childhood adversity on posttraumatic stress disorder risk: a replication study. Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 159B, 644-652 (2012).
    • (2012) Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. , vol.159 B , pp. 644-652
    • Xie, P.1    Kranzler, H.R.2    Farrer, L.3    Gelernter, J.4
  • 169
    • 61449110124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of the association between serotonin transporter genotype and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder in adults by county-level social environment
    • Koenen, K. C. et al. Modification of the association between serotonin transporter genotype and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder in adults by county-level social environment. Am. J. Epidemiol. 169, 704-711 (2009).
    • (2009) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.169 , pp. 704-711
    • Koenen, K.C.1
  • 170
    • 46949090009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of 5HTT (SLC6A4) methylation and genotype on mRNA expression and liability to major depression and alcohol dependence in subjects from the Iowa Adoption Studies
    • Philibert, R. A. et al. The relationship of 5HTT (SLC6A4) methylation and genotype on mRNA expression and liability to major depression and alcohol dependence in subjects from the Iowa Adoption Studies. Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 147B, 543-549 (2008).
    • (2008) Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. , vol.147 B , pp. 543-549
    • Philibert, R.A.1
  • 171
    • 79960968560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SLC6A4 methylation modifies the effect of the number of traumatic events on risk for posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Koenen, K. C. et al. SLC6A4 methylation modifies the effect of the number of traumatic events on risk for posttraumatic stress disorder. Depress. Anxiety 28, 639-647 (2011).
    • (2011) Depress. Anxiety , vol.28 , pp. 639-647
    • Koenen, K.C.1
  • 172
    • 84856165379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, epigenetic control of gene expression and memory formation
    • Trollope, A. F. et al. Stress, epigenetic control of gene expression and memory formation. Exp. Neurol. 233, 3-11 (2012).
    • (2012) Exp. Neurol. , vol.233 , pp. 3-11
    • Trollope, A.F.1
  • 173
    • 84867746034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic modifications associated with suicide and common mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review of the literature
    • El-Sayed, A. M., Halossim, M. R., Galea, S. & Koenen, K. C. Epigenetic modifications associated with suicide and common mood and anxiety disorders: a systematic review of the literature. Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. 2, 10 (2012).
    • (2012) Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. , vol.2 , pp. 10
    • El-Sayed, A.M.1    Halossim, M.R.2    Galea, S.3    Koenen, K.C.4
  • 174
    • 0027535425 scopus 로고
    • Once bitten, twice shy: Beyond the conditioning model of PTSD
    • Pitman, R. K., Orr, S. P. & Shalev, A. Y. Once bitten, twice shy: beyond the conditioning model of PTSD. Biol. Psychiatry 33, 145-146 (1993).
    • (1993) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 145-146
    • Pitman, R.K.1    Orr, S.P.2    Shalev, A.Y.3
  • 175
    • 0027319643 scopus 로고
    • Lasting effects on rodent anxiety of a single exposure to a cat
    • Adamec, R. E. & Shallow, T. Lasting effects on rodent anxiety of a single exposure to a cat. Physiol. Behav. 54, 101-109 (1993).
    • (1993) Physiol. Behav. , vol.54 , pp. 101-109
    • Adamec, R.E.1    Shallow, T.2
  • 176
    • 46049106343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute episodes of predator exposure in conjunction with chronic social instability as an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Zoladz, P. R., Conrad, C. D., Fleshner, M. & Diamond, D. M. Acute episodes of predator exposure in conjunction with chronic social instability as an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Stress 11, 259-281 (2008).
    • (2008) Stress , vol.11 , pp. 259-281
    • Zoladz, P.R.1    Conrad, C.D.2    Fleshner, M.3    Diamond, D.M.4
  • 177
    • 0348209607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relevance of differential response to trauma in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Cohen, H., Zohar, J. & Matar, M. The relevance of differential response to trauma in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 53, 463-473 (2003).
    • (2003) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 463-473
    • Cohen, H.1    Zohar, J.2    Matar, M.3
  • 179
    • 0344359767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors mRNA and fast feedback: Relevance to post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Liberzon, I., Lopez, J. F., Flagel, S. B., Vazquez, D. M. & Young, E. A. Differential regulation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors mRNA and fast feedback: relevance to post-traumatic stress disorder. J. Neuroendocrinol. 11, 11-17 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neuroendocrinol. , vol.11 , pp. 11-17
    • Liberzon, I.1    Lopez, J.F.2    Flagel, S.B.3    Vazquez, D.M.4    Young, E.A.5
  • 180
    • 34547697687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor activation is involved in producing abnormal phenotypes of single-prolonged stress rats: A putative post-traumatic stress disorder model
    • Kohda, K. et al. Glucocorticoid receptor activation is involved in producing abnormal phenotypes of single-prolonged stress rats: a putative post-traumatic stress disorder model. Neuroscience 148, 22-33 (2007).
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.148 , pp. 22-33
    • Kohda, K.1
  • 181
  • 182
    • 0030021125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A behavioral animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder featuring repeated exposure to situational reminders
    • Pynoos, R. S., Ritzmann, R. F., Steinberg, A. M., Goenjian, A. & Prisecaru, I. A behavioral animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder featuring repeated exposure to situational reminders. Biol. Psychiatry 39, 129-134 (1996).
    • (1996) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 129-134
    • Pynoos, R.S.1    Ritzmann, R.F.2    Steinberg, A.M.3    Goenjian, A.4    Prisecaru, I.5
  • 183
    • 61349157339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to a stressor produces a long lasting enhancement of fear learning in rats
    • Rau, V. & Fanselow, M. S. Exposure to a stressor produces a long lasting enhancement of fear learning in rats. Stress 12, 125-133 (2009).
    • (2009) Stress , vol.12 , pp. 125-133
    • Rau, V.1    Fanselow, M.S.2
  • 184
    • 77953837659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of Bax, Bcl-2 and apoptosis in hippocampus in the rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Li, X., Han, F., Liu, D. & Shi, Y. Changes of Bax, Bcl-2 and apoptosis in hippocampus in the rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Neurol. Res. 32, 579-586 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurol. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 579-586
    • Li, X.1    Han, F.2    Liu, D.3    Shi, Y.4
  • 185
    • 70349515563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A distinct pattern of intracellular glucocorticoid-related responses is associated with extreme behavioral response to stress in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Kozlovsky, N., Matar, M. A., Kaplan, Z., Zohar, J. & Cohen, H. A distinct pattern of intracellular glucocorticoid-related responses is associated with extreme behavioral response to stress in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 19, 759-771 (2009).
    • (2009) Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.19 , pp. 759-771
    • Kozlovsky, N.1    Matar, M.A.2    Kaplan, Z.3    Zohar, J.4    Cohen, H.5
  • 186
    • 50949086142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expressions of hippocampal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the single-prolonged stress-rats
    • Zhe, D., Fang, H. & Yuxiu, S. Expressions of hippocampal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the single-prolonged stress-rats. Acta Histochem. Cytochem. 41, 89-95 (2008).
    • (2008) Acta Histochem. Cytochem. , vol.41 , pp. 89-95
    • Zhe, D.1    Fang, H.2    Yuxiu, S.3
  • 187
    • 33947656468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of noradrenergic and corticoid receptors in the consolidation of the lasting anxiogenic effects of predator stress
    • Adamec, R., Muir, C., Grimes, M. & Pearcey, K. Involvement of noradrenergic and corticoid receptors in the consolidation of the lasting anxiogenic effects of predator stress. Behav. Brain Res. 179, 192-207 (2007).
    • (2007) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.179 , pp. 192-207
    • Adamec, R.1    Muir, C.2    Grimes, M.3    Pearcey, K.4
  • 188
    • 77957107113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CRF receptor blockade prevents initiation and consolidation of stress effects on affect in the predator stress model of PTSD
    • Adamec, R., Fougere, D. & Risbrough, V. CRF receptor blockade prevents initiation and consolidation of stress effects on affect in the predator stress model of PTSD. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 13, 747-757 (2010).
    • (2010) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.13 , pp. 747-757
    • Adamec, R.1    Fougere, D.2    Risbrough, V.3
  • 189
    • 52949115286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early post-stressor intervention with high-dose corticosterone attenuates posttraumatic stress response in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Cohen, H., Matar, M. A., Buskila, D., Kaplan, Z. & Zohar, J. Early post-stressor intervention with high-dose corticosterone attenuates posttraumatic stress response in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 64, 708-717 (2008).
    • (2008) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 708-717
    • Cohen, H.1    Matar, M.A.2    Buskila, D.3    Kaplan, Z.4    Zohar, J.5
  • 190
    • 84858796786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoids can induce PTSD-like memory impairments in mice
    • Kaouane, N. et al. Glucocorticoids can induce PTSD-like memory impairments in mice. Science 335, 1510-1513 (2012).
    • (2012) Science , vol.335 , pp. 1510-1513
    • Kaouane, N.1
  • 191
    • 77954383813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single prolonged stress decreases glutamate, glutamine, and creatine concentrations in the rat medial prefrontal cortex
    • Knox, D., Perrine, S. A., George, S. A., Galloway, M. P. & Liberzon, I. Single prolonged stress decreases glutamate, glutamine, and creatine concentrations in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. Neurosci. Lett. 480, 16-20 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.480 , pp. 16-20
    • Knox, D.1    Perrine, S.A.2    George, S.A.3    Galloway, M.P.4    Liberzon, I.5
  • 192
    • 5444235355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress-restress evokes sustained iNOS activity and altered GABA levels and NMDA receptors in rat hippocampus
    • Harvey, B. H., Oosthuizen, F., Brand, L., Wegener, G. & Stein, D. J. Stress-restress evokes sustained iNOS activity and altered GABA levels and NMDA receptors in rat hippocampus. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 175, 494-502 (2004).
    • (2004) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.175 , pp. 494-502
    • Harvey, B.H.1    Oosthuizen, F.2    Brand, L.3    Wegener, G.4    Stein, D.J.5
  • 193
    • 77958121024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the hippocampal glycinergic system in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Yamamoto, S. et al. Alterations in the hippocampal glycinergic system in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 44, 1069-1074 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.44 , pp. 1069-1074
    • Yamamoto, S.1
  • 194
    • 47249103361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of single prolonged stress and d-cycloserine on contextual fear extinction and hippocampal NMDA receptor expression in a rat model of PTSD
    • Yamamoto, S. et al. Effects of single prolonged stress and d-cycloserine on contextual fear extinction and hippocampal NMDA receptor expression in a rat model of PTSD. Neuropsychopharmacology 33, 2108-2116 (2008).
    • (2008) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 2108-2116
    • Yamamoto, S.1
  • 195
    • 33846846102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NMDA receptor antagonist CPP blocks the effects of predator stress on pCREB in brain regions involved in fearful and anxious behavior
    • Blundell, J. & Adamec, R. The NMDA receptor antagonist CPP blocks the effects of predator stress on pCREB in brain regions involved in fearful and anxious behavior. Brain Res. 1136, 59-76 (2007).
    • (2007) Brain Res , vol.1136 , pp. 59-76
    • Blundell, J.1    Adamec, R.2
  • 196
    • 51049096798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability to lasting anxiogenic effects of brief exposure to predator stimuli: Sex, serotonin and other factors-relevance to PTSD
    • Adamec, R., Holmes, A. & Blundell, J. Vulnerability to lasting anxiogenic effects of brief exposure to predator stimuli: sex, serotonin and other factors-relevance to PTSD. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 32, 1287-1292 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.32 , pp. 1287-1292
    • Adamec, R.1    Holmes, A.2    Blundell, J.3
  • 197
    • 33646121520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical/hippocampal monoamines, HPA-axis changes and aversive behavior following stress and restress in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Harvey, B. H., Brand, L., Jeeva, Z. & Stein, D. J. Cortical/hippocampal monoamines, HPA-axis changes and aversive behavior following stress and restress in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Physiol. Behav. 87, 881-890 (2006).
    • (2006) Physiol. Behav. , vol.87 , pp. 881-890
    • Harvey, B.H.1    Brand, L.2    Jeeva, Z.3    Stein, D.J.4
  • 198
    • 58049196878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WFS1 gene as a putative biomarker for development of post-traumatic syndrome in an animal model
    • Kesner, Y. et al. WFS1 gene as a putative biomarker for development of post-traumatic syndrome in an animal model. Mol. Psychiatry 14, 86-94 (2009).
    • (2009) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.14 , pp. 86-94
    • Kesner, Y.1
  • 199
    • 79960402548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in 5-HT1A receptor in the dorsal raphe nucleus in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Luo, F. F., Han, F. & Shi, Y. X. Changes in 5-HT1A receptor in the dorsal raphe nucleus in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Mol. Med. Report. 4, 843-847 (2011).
    • (2011) Mol. Med. Report. , vol.4 , pp. 843-847
    • Luo, F.F.1    Han, F.2    Shi, Y.X.3
  • 200
    • 0042661153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine, cognitive and hippocampal/cortical 5HT1A/2A receptor changes evoked by a time-dependent sensitisation (TDS) stress model in rats
    • Harvey, B. H., Naciti, C., Brand, L. & Stein, D. J. Endocrine, cognitive and hippocampal/cortical 5HT1A/2A receptor changes evoked by a time-dependent sensitisation (TDS) stress model in rats. Brain Res. 983, 97-107 (2003).
    • (2003) Brain Res , vol.983 , pp. 97-107
    • Harvey, B.H.1    Naciti, C.2    Brand, L.3    Stein, D.J.4
  • 201
    • 70349319632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of the 5-HT1A receptor is involved in the alteration of glucocorticoid receptor in hippocampus and corticotropin-releasing factor in hypothalamus in SPS rats
    • Wang, H. T., Han, F. & Shi, Y. X. Activity of the 5-HT1A receptor is involved in the alteration of glucocorticoid receptor in hippocampus and corticotropin-releasing factor in hypothalamus in SPS rats. Int. J. Mol. Med. 24, 227-231 (2009).
    • (2009) Int. J. Mol. Med. , vol.24 , pp. 227-231
    • Wang, H.T.1    Han, F.2    Shi, Y.X.3
  • 202
    • 38049121173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor is involved in the enhanced anxiety in rats after single-prolonged stress
    • Harada, K., Yamaji, T. & Matsuoka, N. Activation of the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor is involved in the enhanced anxiety in rats after single-prolonged stress. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 89, 11-16 (2008).
    • (2008) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.89 , pp. 11-16
    • Harada, K.1    Yamaji, T.2    Matsuoka, N.3
  • 203
    • 79961218704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of norepinephrine in differential response to stress in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Olson, V. G. et al. The role of norepinephrine in differential response to stress in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 70, 441-448 (2011).
    • (2011) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 441-448
    • Olson, V.G.1
  • 204
    • 79952624303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced hippocampal BDNF/TrkB signaling in response to fear conditioning in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Takei, S. et al. Enhanced hippocampal BDNF/TrkB signaling in response to fear conditioning in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 45, 460-468 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 460-468
    • Takei, S.1
  • 205
    • 35649002474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term down-regulation of BDNF mRNA in rat hippocampal CA1 subregion correlates with PTSD-like behavioural stress response
    • Kozlovsky, N. et al. Long-term down-regulation of BDNF mRNA in rat hippocampal CA1 subregion correlates with PTSD-like behavioural stress response. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 10, 741-758 (2007).
    • (2007) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.10 , pp. 741-758
    • Kozlovsky, N.1
  • 206
    • 79958765149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic modification of hippocampal Bdnf DNA in adult rats in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Roth, T. L., Zoladz, P. R., Sweatt, J. D. & Diamond, D. M. Epigenetic modification of hippocampal Bdnf DNA in adult rats in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 45, 919-926 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 919-926
    • Roth, T.L.1    Zoladz, P.R.2    Sweatt, J.D.3    Diamond, D.M.4
  • 208
    • 0032535185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the development of posttraumatic stress disorder from the acute response to a traumatic event
    • Yehuda, R., McFarlane, A. C. & Shalev, A. Y. Predicting the development of posttraumatic stress disorder from the acute response to a traumatic event. Biol. Psychiatry 44, 1305-1313 (1998).
    • (1998) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 1305-1313
    • Yehuda, R.1    McFarlane, A.C.2    Shalev, A.Y.3
  • 209
    • 0034333271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial posttraumatic urinary cortisol levels predict subsequent PTSD symptoms in motor vehicle accident victims
    • Delahanty, D. L., Raimonde, A. J. & Spoonster, E. Initial posttraumatic urinary cortisol levels predict subsequent PTSD symptoms in motor vehicle accident victims. Biol. Psychiatry 48. 940-947 (2000).
    • (2000) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 940-947
    • Delahanty, D.L.1    Raimonde, A.J.2    Spoonster, E.3
  • 210
    • 39049108307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of post-retrieval propranolol on psychophysiologic responding during subsequent script-driven traumatic imagery in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Brunet, A. et al. Effect of post-retrieval propranolol on psychophysiologic responding during subsequent script-driven traumatic imagery in post-traumatic stress disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 42, 503-506 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.42 , pp. 503-506
    • Brunet, A.1
  • 211
    • 79960568421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma reactivation under the influence of propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress symptoms and disorder: 3 open-label trials
    • Brunet, A. et al. Trauma reactivation under the influence of propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress symptoms and disorder: 3 open-label trials. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 31, 547-550 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. , vol.31 , pp. 547-550
    • Brunet, A.1
  • 212
    • 73849133254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing the return of fear in humans using reconsolidation update mechanisms
    • Schiller, D. et al. Preventing the return of fear in humans using reconsolidation update mechanisms. Nature 463, 49-53 (2010).
    • (2010) Nature , vol.463 , pp. 49-53
    • Schiller, D.1
  • 213
    • 34250783547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recall of fear extinction in humans activates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in concert
    • Milad, M. R. et al. Recall of fear extinction in humans activates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in concert. Biol. Psychiatry 62, 446-454 (2007).
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 446-454
    • Milad, M.R.1
  • 214
    • 35649017731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for the human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in fear expression
    • Milad, M. R. et al. A role for the human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in fear expression. Biol. Psychiatry 62, 1191-1194 (2007).
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 1191-1194
    • Milad, M.R.1
  • 215
    • 0029999315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the amygdala in the coordination of behavioral, neuroendocrine, and prefrontal cortical monoamine responses to psychological stress in the rat
    • Goldstein, L. E., Rasmusson, A. M., Bunney, B. S. & Roth, R. H. Role of the amygdala in the coordination of behavioral, neuroendocrine, and prefrontal cortical monoamine responses to psychological stress in the rat. J. Neurosci. 16, 4787-4798 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 4787-4798
    • Goldstein, L.E.1    Rasmusson, A.M.2    Bunney, B.S.3    Roth, R.H.4
  • 216
    • 66249129704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function
    • Arnsten, A. F. Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 10, 410-422 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 410-422
    • Arnsten, A.F.1
  • 217
    • 0036137952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular mechanisms of infralimbic and prelimbic prefrontal cortical inhibition and dopaminergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neurons in vivo
    • Rosenkranz, J. A. & Grace, A. A. Cellular mechanisms of infralimbic and prelimbic prefrontal cortical inhibition and dopaminergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neurons in vivo. J. Neurosci. 22, 324-337 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 324-337
    • Rosenkranz, J.A.1    Grace, A.A.2
  • 218
    • 12144257575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of gephyrin and GABAA receptor binding within the amygdala after fear acquisition and extinction
    • Chhatwal, J. P., Myers, K. M., Ressler, K. J. & Davis, M. Regulation of gephyrin and GABAA receptor binding within the amygdala after fear acquisition and extinction. J. Neurosci. 25, 502-506 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 502-506
    • Chhatwal, J.P.1    Myers, K.M.2    Ressler, K.J.3    Davis, M.4
  • 219
    • 36949012249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training-induced changes in the expression of GABAA-associated genes in the amygdala after the acquisition and extinction of Pavlovian fear
    • Heldt, S. A. & Ressler, K. J. Training-induced changes in the expression of GABAA-associated genes in the amygdala after the acquisition and extinction of Pavlovian fear. Eur. J. Neurosci. 26, 3631-3644 (2007).
    • (2007) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.26 , pp. 3631-3644
    • Heldt, S.A.1    Ressler, K.J.2
  • 220
    • 0035370306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine attenuates prefrontal cortical suppression of sensory inputs to the basolateral amygdala of rats
    • Rosenkranz, J. A. & Grace, A. A. Dopamine attenuates prefrontal cortical suppression of sensory inputs to the basolateral amygdala of rats. J. Neurosci. 21, 4090-4103 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 4090-4103
    • Rosenkranz, J.A.1    Grace, A.A.2
  • 221
    • 0347949493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress impairs α1A adrenoceptor-mediated noradrenergic facilitation of GABAergic transmission in the basolateral amygdala
    • Braga, M. F., Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V., Manion, S. T., Hough, C. J. & Li, H. Stress impairs α1A adrenoceptor-mediated noradrenergic facilitation of GABAergic transmission in the basolateral amygdala. Neuropsychopharmacology 29, 45-58 (2004).
    • (2004) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.29 , pp. 45-58
    • Braga, M.F.1    Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V.2    Manion, S.T.3    Hough, C.J.4    Li, H.5
  • 222
    • 36048991727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neuronal activity: Opposing influences of α-2 and β receptor activation
    • Buffalari, D. M. & Grace, A. A. Noradrenergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neuronal activity: opposing influences of α-2 and β receptor activation. J. Neurosci. 27, 12358-12366 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 12358-12366
    • Buffalari, D.M.1    Grace, A.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.