Long-term treatment with paroxetine increases verbal declarative memory and hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder

Biological Psychiatry

Volumn 54, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 693-702

  Vermetten, Eric ^a,b,f   Vythilingam, Meena ^c   Southwick, Steven M ^d,e   Charney, Dennis S ^c   Bremner, J Douglas ^a,b  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b ATLANTA VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^d YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e VA CONNECTICUT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Hippocampus; Memory; Paroxetine; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; Stress

Indexed keywords

PAROXETINE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN SIZE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VERBAL MEMORY; BRAIN MAPPING; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; HIPPOCAMPUS; INDIVIDUALITY; LEARNING; MEMORY; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; TIME; WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE;

ADULT; BRAIN MAPPING; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; FEMALE; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MEMORY; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PAROXETINE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; TIME; VERBAL LEARNING; WECHSLER SCALES;

EID: 0142103727     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00634-6     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Andrews B., Brewin C.R., Ochera J., Morton J., Bekerian D.A., Davies G.M., et al. The timing, triggers and qualities of recovered memories in therapy. Br J Clin Psychol. 39:(Pt 1):2000;11-26.
2. Blake D.D., Weathers F.W., Nagy L.M., Kaloupek D.G., Gusman F.D., Charney D.S., et al. The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. J Trauma Stress. 8:1995;75-90.
3. Bourdeau I., Bard C., Noel B., Leclerc I., Cordeau M.P., Belair M., et al. Loss of brain volume in endogenous Cushing's syndrome and its reversibility after correction of hypercortisolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87:2002;1949-1954.
4. Bremner J.D., Randall P., Scott T.M., Bronen R.A., Seibyl J.P., Southwick S.M., et al. MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat- related posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 152:1995;973-981.
5. Bremner J.D., Randall P., Scott T.M., Capelli S., Delaney R., McCarthy G., et al. Deficits in short-term memory in adult survivors of childhood abuse. Psychiatry Res. 59:1995;97-107.
6. Bremner J.D., Randall P., Vermetten E., Staib L., Bronen R.A., Mazure C., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse - a preliminary report. Biol Psychiatry. 41:1997;23-32.
7. Bremner J.D., Scott T.M., Delaney R.C., Southwick S.M., Mason J.W., Johnson D.R., et al. Deficits in short-term memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 150:1993;1015-1019.
8. Bremner J.D., Southwick S.M., Johnson D.R., Yehuda R., Charney D.S. Childhood physical abuse in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 150:1993;235-239.
9. Bremner J.D., Vermetten E., Mazure C.M. Development and preliminary psychometric properties of an instrument for the measurement of childhood trauma The Early Trauma Inventory . Depress Anxiety. 12:2000;1-12.
10. Brunson K.L., Eghbal-Ahmadi M., Bender R., Chen Y., Baram T.Z. Long-term, progressive hippocampal cell loss and dysfunction induced by early-life administration of corticotropin-releasing hormone reproduce the effects of early-life stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 98:2001;8856-8861.
11. Buckley T.C., Blanchard E.B., Neill W.T. Information processing and PTSD A review of the empirical literature . Clin Psychol Rev. 20:2000;1041-1065.
12. Chakos M.H., Lieberman J.A., Bilder R.M., Borenstein M., Lerner G., Bogerts B., et al. Increase in caudate nuclei volumes of first-episode schizophrenic patients taking antipsychotic drugs. Am J Psychiatry. 151:1994;1430-1436.
13. Crowell T., Kieffer K., Siders C., Vanderploeg R. Neuropsychological findings in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Clin Neuropsychol. 16:2002;310-321.
14. Czeh B., Michaelis T., Watanabe T., Frahm J., de Biurrun G., van Kampen M., et al. Stress-induced changes in cerebral metabolites, hippocampal volume, and cell proliferation are prevented by antidepressant treatment with tianeptine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 98:2001;12796-12801.
15. Dalton J.E., Pederson S.L. Effects of post-traumatic stress disorder on neuropsychological test performance. Int J Clin Neuropsychol. 11:1989;121-124.
16. Duman R.S., Nakagawa S., Malberg J. Regulation of adult neurogenesis by antidepressant treatment. Neuropsychopharmacology. 25:2001;836-844.
17. Frechilla D., Otano A., Del Rio J. Effect of chronic antidepressant treatment on transcription factor binding activity in rat hippocampus and frontal cortex. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 22:1998;787-802.
18. Gilbertson M.W., Gurvits T.V., Lasko N.B., Orr S.P., Pitman R.K. Multivariate assessment of explicit memory function in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 14:2001;413-432.
19. Gilbertson M.W., Shenton M.E., Ciszewski A., Kasai K., Lasko N., Orr S.P., Pitman R.K. Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma. Nat Neurosci. 5:2002;1242-1247.
20. Gould E., McEwen B.S., Tanapat P., Galea L.A., Fuchs E. Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult tree shrew is regulated by psychosocial stress and NMDA receptor activation. J Neurosci. 17:1997;2492-2498.
21. Gould E., Tanapat P., McEwen B.S., Flugge G., Fuchs E. Proliferation of granule cell precursors in the dentate gyrus of adult monkeys is diminished by stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 95:1998;3168-3171.
22. Gurvits T.V., Shenton M.E., Hokama H., Ohta H., Lasko N.B., Gilbertson M.W., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging study of hippocampal volume in chronic, combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 40:1996;1091-1099.
23. Hannay H.J., Levin H.S. Selective reminding test An examination of the equivalence of four forms . J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 7:1985;251-263.
24. Jenkins M.A., Langlais P.J., Delis D., Cohen R. Learning and memory in rape victims with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 155:1998;278-279.
25. Kimonides V.G., Khatibi N.H., Svendsen C.N., Sofroniew M.V., Herbert J. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate (DHEAS) protect hippocampal neurons against excitatory amino acid-induced neurotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 95:1998;1852-1857.
26. Lieberman J., Chakos M., Wu H., Alvir J., Hoffman E., Robinson D., Bilder R. Longitudinal study of brain morphology in first episode schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 49:2001;487-499.
27. Lupien S.J., Lepage M. Stress, memory, and the hippocampus Can't live with it, can't live without it . Behav Brain Res. 127:2001;137-158.
28. Malberg J.E., Eisch A.J., Nestler E.J., Duman R.S. Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. J Neurosci. 20:2000;9104-9110.
29. Manev R., Uz T., Manev H. Fluoxetine increases the content of neurotrophic protein S100beta in the rat hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol. 420:2001;R1-R2.
30. Marshall R.D., Beebe K.L., Oldham M., Zaninelli R. Efficacy and safety of paroxetine treatment for chronic PTSD A fixed- dose, placebo-controlled study . Am J Psychiatry. 158:2001;1982-1988.
31. Marshall R.D., Schneier F.R., Fallon B.A., Knight C.B., Abbate L.A., Goetz D., et al. An open trial of paroxetine in patients with noncombat-related, chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 18:1998;10-18.
32. McEwen B.S., Angulo J., Cameron H., Chao H.M., Daniels D., Gannon M.N., et al. Paradoxical effects of adrenal steroids on the brain Protection versus degeneration . Biol Psychiatry. 31:1992;177-199.
33. Moghaddam B. Stress activation of glutamate neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex Implications for dopamine-associated psychiatric disorders . Biol Psychiatry. 51:2002;775-787.
34. Moghaddam B., Bolinao M.L., Stein-Behrens B., Sapolsky R. Glucocorticoids mediate the stress-induced extracellular accumulation of glutamate. Brain Res. 655:1994;251-254.
35. Moradi A.R., Doost H.T., Taghavi M.R., Yule W., Dalgleish T. Everyday memory deficits in children and adolescents with PTSD Performance on the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test . J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 40:1999;357-361.
36. Nibuya M., Morinobu S., Duman R.S. Regulation of BDNF and trkB mRNA in rat brain by chronic electroconvulsive seizure and antidepressant drug treatments. J Neurosci. 15:1995;7539-7547.
37. Nibuya M., Nestler E.J., Duman R.S. Chronic antidepressant administration increases the expression of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in rat hippocampus. J Neurosci. 16:1996;2365-2372.
38. Pitman R.K. Post-traumatic stress disorder, hormones, and memory. Biol Psychiatry. 26:1989;221-223.
39. Robb R.A., Hanson D.P., Karwoski R.A., Larson A.G., Workman E.L., Stacy M.C. Analyze A comprehensive, operator-interactive software package for multidimensional medical image display and analysis. Comput Med Imaging Graph. 13:1989;433-454.
40. Roca V., Freeman T.W. Complaints of impaired memory in veterans with PTSD. Am J Psychiatry. 158:2001;1738-1739.
41. Ryan J.J., Morris J., Yaffa S., Peterson L. Test-retest reliability of the Wechsler Memory Scale, Form I. J Clin Psychol. 37:1981;847-848.
42. Sapolsky R.M. Why stress is bad for your brain. Science. 273:1996;749-750.
43. Sapolsky R.M., Uno H., Rebert C.S., Finch C.E. Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates. J Neurosci. 10:1990;2897-2902.
44. Sass K.J., Spencer D.D., Kim J.H., Westerveld M., Novelly R.A., Lencz T. Verbal memory impairment correlates with hippocampal pyramidal cell density. Neurology. 40:1990;1694-1697.
45. Schmahl C.G., Vermetten E., Elzinga B.M., Bremner J.D. Magnetic resonance imaging of hippocampal and amygdala volume in women with childhood abuse and borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Res. 122:2003;193-198.
46. Semple W.E., Goyer P.F., McCormick R., Compton-Toth B., Morris E., Donovan B., et al. Attention and regional cerebral blood flow in posttraumatic stress disorder patients with substance abuse histories. Psychiatry Res. 67:1996;17-28.
47. Smajkic A., Weine S., Djuric-Bijedic Z., Boskailo E., Lewis J., Pavkovic I. Sertraline, paroxetine, and venlafaxine in refugee posttraumatic stress disorder with depression symptoms. J Trauma Stress. 14:2001;445-452.
48. Smith M.A., Makino S., Kvetnansky R., Post R.M. Stress and glucocorticoids affect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNAs in the hippocampus. J Neurosci. 15:1995;1768-1777.
49. Spitzer R. Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. 1994;New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York.
50. Starkman M.N., Giordani B., Gebarski S.S., Berent S., Schork M.A., Schteingart D.E. Decrease in cortisol reverses human hippocampal atrophy following treatment of Cushing's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 46:1999;1595-1602.
51. Starkman M.N., Giordani B., Gebarski S.S., Schteingart D.E. Improvement in learning associated with increase in hippocampal formation volume. Biol Psychiatry. 53:2003;233-238.
52. Stein M.B., Koverola C., Hanna C., Torchia M.G., McClarty B. Hippocampal volume in women victimized by childhood sexual abuse. Psychol Med. 27:1997;951-959.
53. Sutker P.B., Winstead D.K., Galina Z.H., Allain A.N. Cognitive deficits and psychopathology among former prisoners of war and combat veterans of the Korean conflict. Am J Psychiatry. 148:1991;67-72.
54. Theisen M.E., Rapport L.J., Axelrod B.N., Brines D.B. Effects of practice in repeated administrations of the Wechsler Memory Scale Revised in normal adults. Assessment. 5:1998;85-92.
55. Thygesen P., Hermann K., Willanger R. Concentration camp survivors in Denmark Persecution, disease, compensation . Dan Med Bull. 17:1970;65-108.
56. Tucker P., Zaninelli R., Yehuda R., Ruggiero L., Dillingham K., Pitts C.D. Paroxetine in the treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder Results of a placebo-controlled, flexible-dosage trial . J Clin Psychiatry. 62:2001;860-868.
57. Uddo M., Vasterling J.T., Braily K., Sutker P.B. Memory and attention in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Psychopathol Behav Asess. 15:1993;43-52.
58. Vasterling J.J., Brailey K., Constans J.I., Sutker P.B. Attention and memory dysfunction in posttraumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychology. 12:1998;125-133.
59. Vasterling J.J., Duke L.M., Brailey K., Constans J.I., Allain A.N. Jr, Sutker P.B. Attention, learning, and memory performances and intellectual resources in Vietnam veterans PTSD and no disorder comparisons . Neuropsychology. 16:2002;5-14.
60. Vermetten E., Bremner J.D. Circuits and systems in stress I. Preclinical studies . Depress Anxiety. 15:2002;126-147.
61. Villarreal G., Hamilton D.A., Petropoulos H., Driscoll I., Rowland L.M., Griego J.A., et al. Reduced hippocampal volume and total white matter volume in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 52:2002;119-125.
62. Vythilingam M., Heim C., Newport J., Miller A.H., Anderson E., Bronen R., et al. Childhood trauma associated with smaller hippocampal volume in women with major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 159:2002;2072-2080.
63. Watanabe Y., Gould E., Cameron H.A., Daniels D.C., McEwen B.S. Phenytoin prevents stress- and corticosterone-induced atrophy of CA3 pyramidal neurons. Hippocampus. 2:1992;431-435.
64. Wechsler D. Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. 1981;Psychological Corporation, New York.
65. Wechsler D. WMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Manual. 1987;Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX.
66. Wolfe J., Schlesinger L.K. Performance of PTSD patients on standard tests of memory. Implications for trauma. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 821:1997;208-218.
67. Yehuda R., Keefe R.S., Harvey P.D., Levengood R.A., Gerber D.K., Geni J., et al. Learning and memory in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 152:1995;137-139.
68. Zalewski C., Thompson W., Gottesman I.I. Comparison of neuropsychological test performance in PTSD, generalized anxiety disorder, and control Vietnam veterans. Assessment. 1:1994;133-142.