Auditory startle response in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective study

American Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 157, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 255-261

  Shalev, Arieh Y ^a   Peri, Tuvia ^b   Brandes, Dalia ^b   Freedman, Sara ^b   Orr, Scott P ^b   Pitman, Roger K ^b  

^a HADASSAH HEBREW UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; AUDITORY STIMULATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; ORBICULARIS OCULI MUSCLE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKIN CONDUCTANCE; STARTLE REFLEX;

ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; ACOUSTIC STIMULATION; ADULT; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FACIAL MUSCLES; FEMALE; GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; ISRAEL; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MALE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; STARTLE REACTION; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; SURVIVORS; TRAUMA SEVERITY INDICES;

EID: 0033953439     PISSN: 0002953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.2.255     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Pitman RK: Overview of biological themes in PTSD. Ann NY Acad Sci 1997; 821:1-9
2. Yehuda R: Sensitization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in posttraumatic stress disorder. Ann NY Acad Sci 1997; 821:57-75
3. Rothbaum BO, Foa EB: Subtypes of posttraumatic stress disorder and duration of symptoms, in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: DSM IV and Beyond. Edited by Davidson JRT, Foa EB. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1993, pp 23-35
4. Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromet E, Hughes M, Nelson CB: Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995; 52:1048-1060
5. McFarlane AC: The phenomenology of posttraumatic stress disorders following a natural disaster. J Nerv Ment Dis 1988; 176:22-29
6. Davis M: The mammalian startle response, in The Neural Mechanism of Startle Response. Edited by Eaton RC. New York, Plenum, 1984, pp 287-351
7. Davis M: Neural systems involved in fear-potentiated startle. Ann NY Acad Sci 1989; 563:165-183
8. Turpin G: Effects of stimulus intensity on autonomic responding: the problem of differentiating orienting and defense reflexes. Psychophysiology 1986; 23:1-14
9. Wilkins DE, Hallett M, Wess MM: Audiogenic startle reflex of man and its relationship to startle syndromes. Brain 1986; 109:561-573
10. Paige SR, Reid GM, Allen MG, Newton JE: Psychophysiological correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans. Biol Psychiatry 1990; 27:419-430
11. Shalev AY, Orr SP, Peri T, Schreiber S, Pitman RK: Physiologic responses to loud tones in Israeli patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49:870-875
12. Orr SP, Lasko NB, Shalev AY, Pitman RK: Physiologic responses to loud tones in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 1995; 104:75-82
13. Orr SR Solomon Z, Peri T, Pitman RK, Shalev AY: Physiologic responses to loud tones in Israeli veterans of the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Biol Psychiatry 1997; 41:319-326
14. Shalev AY, Peri T, Orr SP, Bonne O, Pitman RK: Auditory startle responses in help-seeking trauma survivors. Psychiatry Res 1997; 69:1-7
15. Metzger LJ, Orr SP, Berry NJ, Ahern CE, Lasko NB, Pitman RK: Physiologic reactivity to startling tones in women with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 1999; 108: 347-352
16. Lykken DT, Iacono WG, Haroian K, McGue M, Bouchard TJ Jr: Habituation of the skin conductance response to strong stimuli: a twin study. Psychophysiology 1988; 25:4-15
17. Öhman A, Bohlin G: Magnitude and habitation of the orienting reaction as predictors of discriminative electrodermal conditioning. J Experimental Res Personality 1973; 6:293-299
18. Shalev AY, Rogel-Fuchs Y: Psychophysiology of the posttraumatic stress disorder: from sulfur fumes to behavioral genetics. Psychosom Med 1993; 55:413-423
19. Yehuda R, Antelman SM: Criteria for rationally evaluating animal models of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1993; 33:479-486
20. Post RM, Weiss SRB, Smith M: Sensitization and kindling: implications for the evolving neural substrates of post-traumatic stress disorder, in Neurobiological and Clinical Consequences of Stress: From Normal Adaptation to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Edited by Friedman MJ, Charney DS, Deutch AY. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 1995, pp 203-224
21. Ledoux JE: Setting stress into motion: brain mechanisms of stimulus evaluation. Ibid, pp 125-134
22. Shalev AY, Freedman S, Peri T, Brandes D, Sahar T: Predicting PTSD in trauma survivors: prospective evaluation of self-report and clinician-administered instruments. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 170:558-564
23. Shalev AY, Sahar T, Freedman S, Peri T, Glick N, Brandes D, Orr SP, Pitman RK: A prospective study of heart rate responses following trauma and the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998; 55: 553-559
24. Shalev AY, Freedman S, Peri T, Brandes D, Sahar T, Orr SP, Pitman RK: Prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155:630-637
25. Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Klauminzer G, Charney DS, Keane TM: A clinician rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD: the CAPS-1. Behavior Therapist 1990; 13:187-188
26. Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First MB: Instruction Manual for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). New York, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research, 1989
27. Marmar CR, Weiss DS, Schlenger WE, Fairbank JA, Jordan BK, Kulka RA, Hough RL: Peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress in male Vietnam theater veterans. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151:902-907
28. Horowitz MJ, Wilner N, Alvarez W: Impact of Event Scale: a measure of subjective stress. Psychosom Med 1979; 41:209-218
29. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA: Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, Calif, Consulting Psychologists Press, 1983
30. Keane TM, Caddell JM, Taylor KL: Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: three studies in reliability and validity. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988; 56: 85-90
31. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J: An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961; 4:561-571
32. Pitman RK, Orr SP, Forgue DF, de Jong JB, Claiborn JM: Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987; 44:970-975
33. Shalev AY, Orr SP, Pitman RK: Psychophysiologic assessment of traumatic imagery in Israeli civilian patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150:620-624
34. Fridlund AJ, Cacioppo JT: Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology 1986; 23:567-589
35. Ornitz EM, Guthrie D: Long-term habituation and sensitization of the acoustic startle response in the normal adult human. Psychophysiology 1989; 26:166-173
36. Pitman RK, Shalev AY, Orr SP: Post-traumatic stress disorder: emotion, conditioning, and memory, in The Cognitive Neurosciences, 2nd ed. Edited by Gazzaniga MS. Cambridge, Mass, MIT Press, 1999, pp 1133-1147
37. Shalev AY, Peri T, Canneti L, Schreiber S: Predictors of PTSD in injured trauma survivors: a prospective study. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:219-225
38. McFarlane AC: Avoidance and intrusion in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 1992; 180:439-445