Soyfoods and soybean products: From traditional use to modern applications

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Volumn 96, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 9-22

  Chen, Kuan I ^a   Erh, Mei Hui ^a   Su, Nan Wei ^a   Liu, Wen Hsiung ^a   Chou, Cheng Chun ^a   Cheng, Kuan Chen ^a  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Bioactive compounds; Fermentation; Food processing; Soybean; Soyfoods

Indexed keywords

AGLYCONES; ANTIMUTAGENIC; BACILLUS SUBTILIS; BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS; CARDIO-VASCULAR DISEASE; DEGLYCOSYLATION; DIETARY FIBERS; FERMENTATION PROCESS; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; FUNCTIONAL FOODS; GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; HUMAN INTESTINE; ISOFLAVONES; LACTIC ACID BACTERIA; MODERN APPLICATIONS; PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; SOYBEAN; SOYBEAN PRODUCTS; SOYFOODS;

BIOACTIVITY; DISEASES; FERMENTATION; FOOD PROCESSING; HEALTH RISKS; LACTIC ACID; SUGARS;

OILSEEDS;

AGLYCONE; ANTHOCYANIN; BETA GLUCOSIDASE; GENISTEIN; ISOFLAVONE; PLACEBO; SOYBEAN OIL; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; VITAMIN;

BIOACTIVITY; BIOTECHNOLOGY; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; FERMENTATION; FOOD INDUSTRY; FOOD PROCESSING; FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION; FUNGUS; HEALTH RISK; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; PROTEIN; PUBLIC HEALTH; SOYBEAN; SYMPTOM;

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ARTIFICIAL MILK; BACILLUS SUBTILIS; BASIDIOMYCETES; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CANCER PREVENTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CATTLE FARMING; DEGLYCOSYLATION; DIETARY FIBER; DRUG INDUSTRY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FERMENTATION; FOOD ALLERGY; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; FUNGUS; HUMAN; LACTIC ACID BACTERIUM; NONHUMAN; OSTEOPOROSIS; POSTMENOPAUSE; REVIEW; SOYBEAN; SOYBEAN MILK;

BIOTECHNOLOGY; BIOTRANSFORMATION; FERMENTATION; FOOD INDUSTRY; HUMANS; SOYBEANS; TECHNOLOGY, PHARMACEUTICAL;

BACILLUS SUBTILIS; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); BASIDIOMYCOTA; FUNGI; GLYCINE MAX;

EID: 84866013574     PISSN: 01757598     EISSN: 14320614     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4330-7     Document Type: Review

References (133)

1. Acreage NASS (2010) National Agricultural Statistics Board annual report, June 30, 2010. Retrieved July 23 2010
2. Adlercreutz H, Fotsis T, Bannwart C, Wahala K, Makela T, Brunow G, Hase T (1986) Determination of urinary lignans and phytoestrogen metabolites, potential antiestrogens and anticarcinogens, in urine of women on various habitual diets. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 25(5B):791-797
3. Adlercreutz H, Honjo H, Higashi A, Fotsis T, Hamalainen E, Hasegawa T, Okada H (1991) Urinary excretion of lignans and isoflavonoid phytoestrogens in Japanese men and women consuming a traditional Japanese diet. Am J Clin Nutr 54(6):1093-1100
4. Adlercreutz H, Markkanen H, Watanabe S (1993) Plasma-concentrations of phyto-estrogens in Japanese men. Lancet 342(8881):1209-1210
5. Anderson JW, Baird P, Davis RJ, Ferreri S, Knudtson M, Koraym A, Waters V, Williams CL (2009) Health benefits of dietary fiber. Nutr Rev 67(4):188-205
6. Andres S, Abraham K, Appel KE, Lampen A (2011) Risks and benefits of dietary isoflavones for cancer. Crit Rev Toxicol 41(6):463-506
7. Arjmandi BH, Khalil DA, Smith BJ, Lucas EA, Juma S, Payton ME, Wild RA (2003) Soy protein has a greater effect on bone in postmenopausal women not on hormone replacement therapy, as evidenced by reducing bone resorption and urinary calcium excretion. J Clin Endocr Metab 88(3):1048-1054
8. Arora A, Nair MG, Strasburg GM (1998) Antioxidant activities of isoflavones and their biological metabolites in a liposomal system. Arch Biochem Biophys 356(2):133-141
9. Atkinson C, Compston JE, Day NE, Dowsett M, Bingham SA (2004) The effects of phytoestrogen isoflavones on bone density in women: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 79(2):326-333
10. Badger TM, Gilchrist JM, Pivik RT, Andres A, Shankar K, Chen JR, Ronis MJ (2009) The health implications of soy infant formula. Am J Clin Nutr 89(5):1668S-1672S
11. Barnes S (2010) The biochemistry, chemistry and physiology of the isoflavones in soybeans and their food products. Lymphat Res Biol 8(1):89-98
12. Baum JA, Teng HY, Erdman JW, Weigel RM, Klein BP, Persky VW, Freels S, Surya P, Bakhit RM, Ramos E, Shay NF, Potter SM (1998) Long-term intake of soy protein improves blood lipid profiles and increases mononuclear cell low-density-lipoprotein receptor messenger RNA in hypercholesterolemic, postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 68(3):545-551
13. Bennett JO, Krishnan AH, Wiebold WJ, Krishnan HB (2003) Positional effect on protein and oil content and composition of soybeans. J Agric Food Chem 51(23):6882-6886
14. Bolanos R, Del Castillo A, Francia J (2010) Soy isoflavones versus placebo in the treatment of climacteric vasomotor symptoms: systematic review and meta-analysis. Menopause 17(3):660-666
15. Brachfeld A, Choate M (2007) Eat your food! Gastronomical glory from garden to gut: a Coastalfields cookbook, nutrition textbook, farming manual and sports manual. Coastalfields. Arvada, CO, USA, pp 275
16. Breslow N, Chan CW, Dhom G, Drury RAB, Franks LM, Gellei B, Lee YS, Lundberg S, Sparke B, Sternby NH, Tulinius H (1977) Latent carcinoma of prostate at autopsy in 7 areas. Int J Cancer 20(5):680-688
17. Brink E, Coxam V, Robins S, Wahala K, Cassidy A, Branca F, Invest P (2008) Long-term consumption of isoflavone-enriched foods does not affect bone mineral density, bone metabolism, or hormonal status in early postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Am J Clin Nutr 87(3):761-770
18. Bronner LL, Kanter DS, Manson JE (1995) Medical progressprimary prevention of stroke. N Engl J Med 333(21):1392-1400
19. Cappelletti V, Fioravanti L, Miodini P, Di Fronzo G (2000) Genistein blocks breast cancer cells in the G(2)M phase of the cell cycle. J Cell Biochem 79(4):594-600
20. Chen YM, Ho SC, Lam SSH, Ho SSS, Woo JLF (2003) Soy isoflavones have a favorable effect on bone loss in chinese postmenopausal women with lower bone mass: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Endocr Metab 88(10):4740-4747
21. Chen YM, Ho SC, Lam SSH, Ho SSS, Woo JLF (2004) Beneficial effect of soy isoflavones on bone mineral content was modified by years since menopause, body weight, and calcium intake: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Menopause 11(3):246-254
22. Chen JR, Lazarenko OP, Blackburn ML, Badeaux JV, Badger TM, Ronis MJ (2009) Infant formula promotes bone growth in neonatal piglets by enhancing osteoblastogenesis through bone morphogenic protein signaling. J Nutr 139(10):1839-1847
23. Chen YF, Lee SL, Chou CC (2011) Fermentation with Aspergillus awamori enhanced contents of amino nitrogen and total phenolics as well as the low-density lipoprotein oxidation inhibitory activity of black soybeans. J Agric Food Chem 59(8):3974-3979
24. Cheng KC, Lin JT, Wu JY, Liu WH (2010) Isoflavone conversion of black soybean by immobilized Rhizopus spp. Food Biotechnol 24(4):312-331
25. Cheng KC, Lin JT, Liu WH (2011) Extracts from fermented black soybean by immobilized Rhizopus oligosporous exhibit both antioxidative and cytotoxic activities. Food Technol Biotechnol 49(1):111-117
26. Chiechi LM (1999) Dietary phytoestrogens in the prevention of long-term postmenopausal diseases. Int J Gynecol Obstet 67(1):39-40
27. Chiou TY, Lin YH, Su NW, Lee MH (2010) Beta-glucosidase isolated from soybean okara shows specificity toward glucosyl isoflavones. J Agric Food Chem 58:8872-8878
28. Choung MG, Baek IY, Kang ST, Han WY, Shin DC, Moon HP, Kang KH (2001) Isolation and determination of anthocyanins in seed coats of black soybean. J Agric Food Chem 49(12):5848-5851
29. Constantinou AI, Mehta RG, Vaughan A (1996) Inhibition of n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-induced mammary tumors in rats by the soybean isoflavones. Anticancer Res 16(6A):3293-3298
30. Cordle CT (2004) Soy protein allergy: incidence and relative severity. J Nutr 134(5):1213S-1219S
31. Cotter A, Cashman KD (2003) Genistein appears to prevent early postmenopausal bone loss as effectively as hormone replacement therapy. Nutr Rev 61(10):346-351
32. Craig WJ (2009) Health effects of vegan diets. Am J Clin Nutr 89(5):1627 S-1633 S
33. Davis R (1941) Henry's plastic car: an interview with Mr. Lowell E. Overly. V8 Times, pp 46-51
34. Davis TA, Mungunsukh O, Zins S, Day RM, Landauer MR (2008) Genistein induces radioprotection by hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Intl J Radiat Biol 84(9):713-726
35. Deckelbaum RJ, Torrejon C (2012) The omega-3 fatty acid nutritional landscape: health benefits and sources. J Nutr 142(3):587S-591S
36. Department of energy joint genome institute (DOE JGI) (2008). http://www.Jgi.Doe.Gov/csp/overview.Html
37. Dixit AK, Bhatnagar D, Kumar V, Chawla D, Fakhruddin K, Bhatnagar D (2012) Antioxidant potential and radioprotective effect of soy isoflavone against gamma irradiation induced oxidative stress. J Funct Foods 4(1):197-206
38. Dunn JE (1975) Cancer epidemiology in populations of United Stateswith emphasis on Hawaii and Californiaand Japan. Cancer Res 35(11):3240-3245
39. Dwyer JT, Goldin BR, Saul N, Gualtieric L, Barakatc S, Adlercreutz H (1994) Tofu and soy drinks contain phytoestrogens. J Am Diet Assoc 94(7):739-743
40. El-Shenawy NS, Abu Zaid A, Amin GA (2012) Preparation of different types of miso with mixture of starters and their effects on endogenous antioxidant of liver and kidney of mice. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 96(1):102-110
41. Elwakeel EA, Titgemeyer EC, Cheng ZJ, Nour AM, Nasser MEA (2012) In vitro assessment of the nutritive value of expanded soybean meal for dairy cattle. J Anim Sci Biotechol 3(10)
42. Erdman JW, Weingartner KE (1981) Nutrition aspects of fiber in soya products. J Am Oil Chem Soc 58(3):511-514
43. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) (1938) http://www.Fda.Gov/regulatoryinformation/default.Htm
44. Fioravanti L, Cappelletti V, Miodini P, Ronchi E, Brivio M, Di Fronzo G (1998) Genistein in the control of breast cancer cell growth: insights into the mechanism of action in vitro. Cancer Lett 130(1-2):143-152
45. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. FAO-STAT. (2010) http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx
46. Goodman-Gruen D, Kritz-Silverstein D (2001) Usual dietary isoflavone intake is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. J Nutr 131(4):1202-1206
47. Grundy SM, Denke MA (1990) Dietary influences on serum-lipids and lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 31(7):1149-1172
48. Hammond EG, Johnson LA, Su C, Wang T, White PJ (2005) Soybean oil. Bailey's industrial oil and fat products, 6th edn. Wiley, Iowa, pp 577-652
49. Han BZ, Rombouts FM, Nout MJR (2001) A Chinese fermented soybean food. Int J Food Microbiol 65(1-2):1-10
50. Hassan HA, Abdel-Wahhab MA (2012) Effect of soybean oil on atherogenic metabolic risks associated with estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats: dietary soybean oil modulate atherogenic risks in overiectomized rats. J Physiol Biochem 68(2):247-253
51. Heenan CN, Adams MC, Hosken RW, Fleet GH (2004) Survival and sensory acceptability of probiotic microorganisms in a nonfermented frozen vegetarian dessert. LWT-Food Sci Technol 37(4):461-466
52. Henkel J (2000) Soy: health claims for soy protein, questions about other components. FDA Consumer Magazine 34(3)
53. Hu FB (2009) Diet and lifestyle influences on risk of coronary heart disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 11(4):257-263
54. Hu FB, Willett WC (2002) Optimal diets for prevention of coronary heart disease. JAMA-J Am Med Assoc 288(20):2569-2578
55. Inoguchi S, Ohashi Y, Narai-Kanayama A, Aso K, Nakagaki T, Fujisawa T (2011) Effects of non-fermented and fermented soybean milk intake on faecal microbiota and faecal metabolites in humans. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1-9
56. Jackson RL, Greiwe JS, Schwen RJ (2011) Emerging evidence of the health benefits of S-equol, an estrogen receptor beta agonist. Nutr Rev 69(8):432-448
57. Jacobsen BK, Knutsen SF, Fraser GE (1998) Does high soy milk intake reduce prostate cancer incidence? The Adventist Health Study (United States). Canc Causes Contr 9(6):553-557
58. Jo HJ, Choi MJ (2008) Effects of isoflavone supplementation on the bone mineral density of growing female rats. Nutr Res Pract 2(2):68-73
59. Juan MY, Wu CH, Chou CC (2010) Fermentation with Bacillus spp. as a bioprocess to enhance anthocyanin content, the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory effect, and the reducing activity of black soybeans. Food Microbiol 27(7):918-923
60. Katsuzaki H, Hibasami H, Ohwaki S, Ishikawa K, Imai K, Date K, Kimura Y, Komiya T (2003) Cyanidin 3-o-beta-d-glucoside isolated from skin of black glycine max and other anthocyanins isolated from skin of red grape induce apoptosis in human lymphoid leukemia Molt 4B cells. Oncol Rep 10(2):297-300
61. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Rosell MS (2006) Health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets. Proc Nutr Soc 65(1):35-41
62. Khosla P, Samman S, Carroll KK (1991) Decreased receptor-mediated LDL catabolism in casein-fed rabbits precedes the increase in plasma-cholesterol levels. J Nutr Biochem 2(4):203-209
63. Kim S, Dale BE (2009) Regional variations in greenhouse gas emissions of biobased products in the United Statescorn-based ethanol and soybean oil. Int J Life Cycle Ass 14(6):540-546
64. Kim HA, Jeong KS, Kim YK (2008) Soy extract is more potent than genistein on tumor growth inhibition. Anticancer Res 28(5A):2837-2841
65. Kinsell LW, Michaels GD, Cochrane GC, Partridge JW, Jahn JP, Balch HE (1954) Effect of vegetable fat on hypercholesterolemia and hyperphospholipidemiaobservations on diabetic and nondiabetic subjects given diets high in vegetable fat and protein. Diabetes 3(2):113-119
66. Kuo LC, Cheng WY, Wu RY, Huang CJ, Lee KT (2006) Hydrolysis of black soybean isoflavone glycosides by Bacillus subtilis natto. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 73:314-320
67. Landauer MR, Srinivasan V, Seed TM (2003) Genistein treatment protects mice from ionizing radiation injury. J Appl Toxicol 23(6):379-385
68. Liao CL, Huang HY, Sheen LY, Chou CC (2010) Anti-inflammatory activity of soymilk and fermented soymilk prepared with lactic acid bacterium and bifidobacterium. J Food Drug Anal 18(3):202-210
69. Linnaeus C (1737) Genera plantarum eorumque characteres naturales secundum numerum, figuram, situm, & proportionem omnium fructificationis partium. Wishoff, Leiden
70. Liu DM, Li L, Yang XQ, Liang SZ, Wang JS (2006) Survivability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus during the preparation of soy cheese. Food Technol Biotechnol 44(3):417-422
71. Liu B, Qin L, Liu A, Uchiyama S, Ueno T, Li X, Wang P (2010) Prevalence of the equol-producer phenotype and its relationship with dietary isoflavone and serum lipids in healthy Chinese adults. J Epidemiol 20(5):377-384
72. Ljungh A, Wadström T (2006) Lactic acid bacteria as probiotics. Curr Issues Intest Microbiol 7(2):73-89
73. Lydeking-Olsen E, Jensen JEB, Setchell KDR, Damhus M, Jensen TH (2002) Isoflavone-rich soymilk prevents bone loss in the lumbar spine of postmenopausal women: a two-year study. J Nutr 132(3):581s-581s
74. Magee PJ, Rowland IR (2004) Phyto-oestrogens, their mechanism of action: current evidence for a role in breast and prostate cancer. Br J Nutr 91(4):513-531
75. Marini H, Minutoli L, Polito F, Bitto A, Altavilla D, Atteritano M, Gaudio A, Mazzaferro S, Frisina A, Frisina N, Lubrano C, Bonaiuto M, D'Anna R, Cannata ML, Corrado F, Adamo EB, Wilson S, Squadrito F (2007) Effects of the phytoestrogen genistein on bone metabolism in osteopenic postmenopausal womena randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 146(12):839-847
76. McCue P, Shetty K (2004) Health benefits of soy isoflavonoids and strategies for enhancement: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 44(5):361-367
77. Meunier PJ, Delmas PD, Eastell R, McClung MR, Papapoulos S, Rizzoli R, Seeman E, Wasnich RD (1999) Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: clinical guidelines. Clin Ther 21(6):1025-1044
78. Nagata C, Takatsuka N, Kawakami N, Shimizu H (2001) Soy product intake and hot flashes in Japanese women: results from a community-based prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 153(8):790-793
79. Ng TB, Ye XJ, Wong JH, Fang EF, Chan YS, Pan W, Ye XY, Sze SCW, Zhang KY, Liu F, Wang HX (2011) Glyceollin, a soybean phytoalexin with medicinal properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 90(1):59-68
80. Nizamutdinova IT, Kim YM, Chung JII, Shin SC, Jeong YK, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ (2009) Anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats preferentially inhibit TNF-alpha-mediated induction of VCAM-1 over ICAM-1 through the regulation of GATAs and IRF-1. J Agric Food Chem 57(16):7324-7330
81. Nomura A, Henderson BE, Lee J (1978) Breast-cancer and diet among Japanese in Hawaii. Am J Clin Nutr 31(11):2020-2025
82. Nout MJR, Rombouts FM (1990) Recent developments in tempe research. J Appl Bacteriol 69(5):609-633
83. Onozawa M, Kawamori T, Baba M, Fukuda K, Toda T, Sato H, Ohtani M, Akaza H, Sugimura T, Wakabayashi K (1999) Effects of a soybean isoflavone mixture on carcinogenesis in prostate and seminal vesicles of F344 rats. Jpn J Cancer Res 90(4):393-398
84. Park KY, Kwon SH, Ahn IS, Kim SO, Kong CS, Chung HY, Do MS (2007) Weight reduction and lipid lowering effects of black soybean anthocyanins in rats fed high fat diet. FASEB J 21(6):A1080-A1080
85. Park SY, Wilkens LR, Franke AA, Le Marchand L, Kakazu KK, Goodman MT, Murphy SP, Henderson BE, Kolonel LN (2009) Urinary phytoestrogen excretion and prostate cancer risk: a nested case-control study in the multiethnic cohort. Br J Cancer 101(1):185-191
86. Partawihardja IS (1990) Effect of tempeh supplementation on growth rate of children aged 6 to 24 months with diarrhea. Dissertation, University of Indonesia
87. Patel RP, Boersma BJ, Crawford JH, Hogg N, Kirk M, Kalyanaraman B, Parks DA, Barnes S, Darley-Usmar V (2001) Antioxidant mechanisms of isoflavones in lipid systems: paradoxical effects of peroxyl radical scavenging. Free Radic Biol Med 31(12):1570-1581
88. Pham TT, Shah NP (2007) Biotransformation of isoflavone glycosides by Bifidobacterium animalis soymilk supplemented with skim milk powder. J Food Sci 72(8):M316-M324
89. Picherit C, Coxam V, Bennetau-Pelissero C, Kati-Coulibaly S, Davicco MJ, Lebecque P, Barlet JP (2000) Daidzein is more efficient than genistein in preventing ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats. J Nutr 130(7):1675-1681
90. Pipe EA, Gobert CP, Capes SE, Darlington GA, Lampe JW, Duncan AM (2009) Soy protein reduces serum LDL cholesterol and the LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B:Apolipoprotein A-I ratios in adults with type 2 diabetes. J Nutr 139(9):1700-1706
91. Potter SM, Bakhit RM, Essexsorlie DL, Weingartner KE, Chapman KM, Nelson RA, Prabhudesai M, Savage WD, Nelson AI, Winter LW, Erdman JW (1993) Depression of plasma-cholesterol in men by consumption of baked products containg soy protein. Am J Clin Nutr 58(4):501-506
92. Potter SM, Baum JA, Teng HY, Stillman RJ, Shay NF, Erdman JW (1998) Soy protein and isoflavones: their effects on blood lipids and bone density in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 68(6):1375 S-1379 S
93. Protein Quality Evaluation: Report of the Joint FAO/Who Expert Consultation (1989) Bethesda, MD (USA): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Food Nutr Pap 51:4-8
94. Rivas M, Garay RP, Escanero JF, Cia PJ, Cia P, Alda JO (2002) Soy milk lowers blood pressure in men and women with mild to moderate essential hypertension. J Nutr 132(7):1900-1902
95. RuizLarrea MB, Mohan AR, Paganga G, Miller NJ, Bolwell GP, RiceEvans CA (1997) Antioxidant activity of phytoestrogenic isoflavones. Free Radical Res 26(1):63-70
96. Sakamoto T, Horiguchi H, Oguma E, Kayama F (2010) Effects of diverse dietary phytoestrogens on cell growth, cell cycle and apoptosis in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer cells. J Nutr Biochem 21(9):856-864
97. Schingoethe DJ (1996) Balancing the amino acid needs of the dairy cow. Anim Feed Sci Tech 60(3-4):153-160
98. Setchell KDR, Faughnan MS, Avades T, Zimmer-Nechemias L, Brown NM, Wolfe BE, Brashear WT, Desai P, Oldfield MF, Botting NP, Cassidy A (2003) Comparing the pharmacokinetics of daidzein and genistein with the use of C-13-labeled tracers in premenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 77(2):411-419
99. Severson RK, Nomura AMY, Grove JS, Stemmermann GN (1989) A prospective study of demographics, diet, and prostate cancer among men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii. Cancer Res 49(7):1857-1860
100. Shurtleff W, Aoyagi A (2012) History of natto and its relatives (1405-2012). Soyinfo Center, Lafayette
101. Siqueira PF, Karp SG, Carvalho JC, Sturm W, Rodríguez-León JA, Tholozan JL, Singhania RR, Pandey A, Soccol CR (2008) Production of bio-ethanol from soybean molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae at laboratory, pilot and industrial scales. Bioresource Technol 99(17):8156-8163
102. Siri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB, Krauss RM (2010) Saturated fat, carbohydrate, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr 91(3):502-509
103. Sirtori CR, Even R, Lovati MR (1993) Soybean protein diet and plasma cholesterol: from therapy to molecular mechanisms. Ann NY Acad Sci 676:188-201
104. Slavin M, Kenworthy W, Yu LL (2009) Antioxidant properties, phytochemical composition, and antiproliferative activity of Maryland-grown soybeans with colored seed coats. J Agric Food Chem 57(23):11174-11185
105. Smith RL (1956) Recorded and expected mortality among the Japanese of the United States and Hawaii, with special reference to cancer. J Natl Cancer I 17(4):459-473
106. Su YC (1999) Traditional fermented food in taiwan: proceedings of the oriental fermented foods. Appl Microbiol 1:15
107. Su NW, Wang ML, Kwok KF, Lee MH (2005) Effects of temperature and sodium chloride concentration on the activities of proteases and amylases in soy sauce koji. J Agric Food Chem 53:1521-1525
108. Sustainability Fact Sheet, National Biodiesel Board (2008) http://biodiesel.Org/resources/sustainability/pdfs/sustainabilityfactsheet.Pdf
109. Takahashi R, Ohmori R, Kiyose C, Momiyama Y, Ohsuzu F, Kondo K (2005) Antioxidant activities of black and yellow soybeans against low density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem 53(11):4578-4582
110. Taku K, Umegaki K, Sato Y, Taki Y, Endoh K, Watanabe S (2007) Soy isoflavones lower serum total and LDL cholesterol in humans: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 85(4):1148-1156
111. Tikkanen MJ, Wahala K, Ojala S, Vihma V, Adlercreutz H (1998) Effect of soybean phytoestrogen intake on low density lipoprotein oxidation resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(6):3106-3110
112. Trindade CS, Terzi SC, Trugo LC, Della Modesta RC, Couri S (2001) Development and sensory evaluation of soy milk based yogurt. Arch Latinoam Nutr 51(1):100-104
113. Tsoyi K, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Shim HJ, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ (2008) Protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on UVB-induced apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo. J Agric Food Chem 56(22):10600-10605
114. Tsukamoto Y, Ichise H, Kakuda H, Yamaguchi M (2000) Intake of fermented soybean (natto) increases circulating vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) and γ-carboxylated osteocalcin concentration in normal individuals. J Bone Miner Metab 18(4):216-222
115. USDA National Nutrient Database (2004) http://www.Nal.Usda.Gov/fnic/ foodcomp/data/sr17/sr17.Html
116. USDA World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) Report (2012) http://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/
117. Vandenplas Y, De Greef E, Devreker T, Hauser B (2011) Soy infant formula: is it that bad? Acta Paediatrica 100(2):162-166
118. Wangen KE, Duncan AM, Xu X, Kurzer MS (2001) Soy isoflavones improve plasma lipids in normocholesterolemic and mildly hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 73(2):225-231
119. Weaver CM, Legette LL (2010) Equol, via dietary sources or intestinal production, may ameliorate estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss. J Nutr 140(7):1377S-1379S
120. Wei HC, Bowen R, Cai QY, Barnes S, Wang Y (1995) Antioxidant and antipromotional effects of the soybean isoflavone genistein. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 208(1):124-130
121. Wei HC, Cai QY, Rahn RO (1996) Inhibition of UV light- and fenton reaction-induced oxidative DNA damage by the soybean isoflavone genistein. Carcinogenesis 17(1):73-77
122. Wong WW, Lewis RD, Steinberg FM, Murray MJ, Cramer MA, Amato P, Young RL, Barnes S, Ellis KJ, Shypailo RJ, Fraley JK, Konzelmann KL, Fischer JG, Smith EO (2009) Soy isoflavone supplementation and bone mineral density in menopausal women: a 2-y multicenter clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 90(5):1433-1439
123. Wu CH, Chou CC (2009) Enhancement of aglycone, vitamin k2 and superoxide dismutase activity of black soybean through fermentation with Bacillus subtilis BCRC 14715 at different temperatures. J Agric Food Chem 57:10695-10700
124. Wu AH, Ziegler RG, HornRoss PL, Nomura AMY, West DW, Kolonel LN, Rosenthal JF, Hoover RN, Pike MC (1996) Tofu and risk of breast cancer in Asian-Americans. Canc Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 5(11):901-906
125. Xu BJ, Chang SKC (2008) Antioxidant capacity of seed coat, dehulled bean, and whole black soybeans in relation to their distributions of total phenolics, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, and isoflavones. J Agric Food Chem 56(18):8365-8373
126. Xu BJ, Chang SKC (2009) Total phenolic, phenolic acid, anthocyanin, flavan-3-ol, and flavonol profiles and antioxidant properties of pinto and black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by thermal processing. J Agric Food Chem 57(11):4754-4764
127. Xu WH, Zheng W, Xiang YB, Ruan ZM, Cheng JR, Dai Q, Gao YT, Shu XO (2004) Soya food intake and risk of endometrial cancer among Chinese women in Shanghai: population based case-control study. Br Med J 328(7451):1285-1288
128. Yamabe S, Kobayashi-Hattori K, Kaneko K, Endo H, Takita T (2007) Effect of soybean varieties on the content and composition of isoflavone in rice-koji miso. Food Chem 100(1):369-374
129. Yamaguchi M, Kakuda H, Gao YH, Tsukamoto Y (2000) Prolonged intake of fermented soybean (natto) diets containing vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats. J Bone Miner Metab 18(2):71-76
130. Yeh HY, Su NW, Lee MH (2005) Chemical compositions and physicochemical properties of the fiber-rich materials prepared from shoyu mash residue. J Agric Food Chem 53:4361-4366
131. Zhang RF, Zhang FX, Zhang MW, Wei ZC, Yang CY, Zhang Y, Tang XJ, Deng YY, Chi JW (2011) Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity in seed coats of 60 chinese black soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) varieties. J Agric Food Chem 59(11):5935-5944
132. Zou Y, Chang SKC (2011) Effect of black soybean extract on the suppression of the proliferation of human ags gastric cancer cells via the induction of apoptosis. J Agric Food Chem 59(9):4597-4605
133. Zyriax BC, Windler E (2000) Dietary fat in the prevention of cardiovascular diseasea review. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 102(5):355-365