The pentose phosphate pathway: An antioxidant defense and a crossroad in tumor cell fate

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

Volumn 53, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 421-436

  Riganti, Chiara ^a   Gazzano, Elena ^a   Polimeni, Manuela ^a   Aldieri, Elisabetta ^a   Ghigo, Dario ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

Free radicals; Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase; Oxidative stress; Pentose phosphate pathway; Tumor metabolism

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; AMOSITE; ANGIOTENSIN II; ANTIOXIDANT; CROCIDOLITE; DOUBLE STRANDED DNA; DOXORUBICIN; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATASE; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; GLUTATHIONE; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA; IMATINIB; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INCYCLINIDE; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; NITRIC OXIDE; PROTEIN P53; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE OXIDASE; RIBOSE 5 PHOSPHATE; TRANSKETOLASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS; ANGIOGENESIS; CANCER CELL; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER INVASION; CANCER THERAPY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CELL CYCLE G1 PHASE; CELL CYCLE S PHASE; CELL DEATH; CELL FATE; CELL INVASION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL STRAIN HL 60; CELL SURVIVAL; CELL TRANSFORMATION; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DNA REPAIR; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; FERTILIZATION; GENE MUTATION; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; HELICOBACTER INFECTION; HUMAN; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIPID METABOLISM; MAMMAL CELL; MOUSE MUTANT; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PENTOSE PHOSPHATE CYCLE; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROKARYOTE; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; THERAPY RESISTANCE; TUMOR CELL; TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT;

ANIMALS; ANTIOXIDANTS; DRUG RESISTANCE, NEOPLASM; EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; HUMANS; NEOPLASM INVASIVENESS; NEOPLASMS; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY;

EID: 84863486244     PISSN: 08915849     EISSN: 18734596     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.006     Document Type: Review

References (174)

1. Cordes, W. A death in a case of malarial fever undergoing treatment with plasmochin compound. In: Annual Report, United Fruit Company, Medical Department, vol. 15. Boston: United Fruit Co.; 1926:72-73.
2. E. Beutler, R.J. Dern, and A.S. Alving The haemolytic effect of primaquine. VII. Biochemical studies of drug-sensitive erythrocytes J. Lab. Clin. Med. 45 1955 286 295
3. P.E. Carson, C.L. Flanagan, C.E. Ickes, and A.S. Alving Enzymatic deficiency in primaquine-sensitive erythrocytes Science 124 1956 484 485
4. E. Beutler Drug-induced haemolytic anemia Pharm. Rev 21 1969 73 103
5. L. Luzzatto, A. Metha, and T. Vulliamy Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency C.R. Scriver, A.L. Beaudet, W.S. Sly, The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease 8th ed 2001 McGraw-Hill Columbus 4517 4553
6. J.B. Huang, J. Espinoza, R. Romero, and H.R. Petty Transaldolase is part of a supramolecular complex containing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human neutrophils that undergoes retrograde trafficking during pregnancy Metabolism 54 2005 1027 1033 (Pubitemid 41033103)
7. N.J. Kruger, and A. von Schaewen The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: structure and organisation Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 6 2003 236 246 (Pubitemid 36704509)
8. A. Gotz, E. Eylert, W. Eisenreich, and W. Goebel Carbon metabolism of enterobacterial human pathogens growing in epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells PLoS One 5 2010 e10586
9. H. Cabezas, R.R. Raposo, and E. Meléndez-Hevia Activity and metabolic roles of the pentose phosphate cycle in several rat tissues Mol. Cell. Biochem. 201 1999 57 63 (Pubitemid 30019365)
10. B. Rais, B. Comin, J. Puigjaner, J.L. Brandes, E. Creppy, D. Saboureau, R. Ennamany, W.N. Lee, L.G. Boros, and M. Cascante Oxythiamine and dehydroepiandrosterone induce a G1 phase cycle arrest in Ehrlichs tumor cells through inhibition of the pentose cycle FEBS Lett 456 1999 113 118 (Pubitemid 29339052)
11. M.D. Cappellini, and G. Fiorelli Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Lancet 371 2008 64 74
12. S.W. Au, S. Gover, V.M. Lam, and M.J. Adams Human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: the crystal structure reveals a structural NADP() molecule and provides insights into enzyme deficiency Structure 8 2000 293 303 (Pubitemid 30148695)
13. M. Kotaka, S. Gover, L. Vandeputte-Rutten, S.W.N. Au, V.M.S. Lam, and M.J. Adams Structural studies of glucose-6-phosphate and NADP binding to human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Acta Crystallogr D61 2005 495 504 (Pubitemid 44336720)
14. P. Mason, J.M. Bautista, and F. Gilsanz G6PD deficiency: the genotype-phenotype association Bloods Rev 21 2007 267 283 (Pubitemid 47212602)
15. L.V. Eggleston, and H.A. Krebs Regulation of the pentose phosphate cycle Biochem. J. 138 1974 425 435
16. C. Asensio, N. Levoin, C. Guillaume, M.J. Guerquin, K. Rouguieg, F. Chrétien, Y. Chapleur, P. Netter, A. Minn, and F. Lapicque Irreversible inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by the coenzyme A conjugate of ketoprofen: a key to oxidative stress induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs? Biochem Pharmacol 73 2007 405 416 (Pubitemid 44958365)
17. H. Tao, W. Szeszel-Fedorowicz, B. Amir-Ahmady, M.A. Gibson, L.P. Stabile, and L.M. Salati Inhibition of the splicing of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase precursor mRNA by polyunsaturated fatty acids J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 31270 31278 (Pubitemid 34970836)
18. A.B. Kohan, I. Talukdar, C.M. Walsh, and L.M. Salati A role for AMPK in the inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by polyunsaturated fatty acids Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 388 2009 117 121
19. K.L. McCormick, X. Wang, and G.J. Mick Evidence that the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD1) is regulated by pentose pathway flux J. Biol. Chem. 281 2006 341 347 (Pubitemid 43671194)
20. C. Riganti, E. Aldieri, L. Bergandi, I. Fenoglio, C. Costamagna, B. Fubini, A. Bosia, and D. Ghigo Crocidolite asbestos inhibits pentose phosphate oxidative pathway and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in human lung epithelial cells Free Radic. Biol. Med. 32 2002 938 949 (Pubitemid 34439265)
21. C. Riganti, E. Aldieri, L. Bergandi, M. Tomatis, I. Fenoglio, C. Costamagna, B. Fubini, A. Bosia, and D. Ghigo Long and short fiber amosite asbestos alters at a different extent the redox metabolism in human lung epithelial cells Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 193 2003 106 115 (Pubitemid 37373770)
22. E. Gazzano, F. Turci, E. Foresti, M.G. Putzu, E. Aldieri, F. Silvagno, I.G. Lesci, M. Tomatis, C. Riganti, C. Romano, B. Fubini, N. Roveri, and D. Ghigo Iron-loaded synthetic chrysotile: a new model solid for studying the role of iron in asbestos toxicity Chem. Res. Toxicol. 20 2007 380 387 (Pubitemid 46548684)
23. M. Polimeni, E. Gazzano, M. Ghiazza, I. Fenoglio, A. Bosia, B. Fubini, and D. Ghigo Quartz inhibits glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in murine alveolar macrophages Chem. Res. Toxicol. 21 2008 888 894 (Pubitemid 351644567)
24. L. Bergandi, V. Aina, G. Malavasi, C. Morterra, and D. Ghigo The toxic effect of fluoride on MG-63 osteoblast cells is also dependent on the production of nitric oxide Chem. Biol. Interact. 190 2011 179 186
25. P. Garcìa-Nogales, A. Almeida, E. Fernàndez, J.M. Medina, and J.P. Bolanos Induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by lipopolysaccharide contributes to preventing nitric oxide-mediated glutathione depletion in cultured rat astrocytes J. Neurochem. 72 1999 1750 1758 (Pubitemid 29140853)
26. G.P. Laliotis, I. Bizelis, A. Argyrokastritis, and E. Rogdakis Cloning, characterization and computational analysis of the 5′ regulatory region of ovine glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol 147 2007 627 634 (Pubitemid 46920992)
27. I. Talukdar, W. Szeszel-Fedorowicz, and L.M. Salati Arachidonic acid inhibits the insulin induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase via p38 MAP kinase J. Biol. Chem. 280 2005 40660 40667 (Pubitemid 41780557)
28. R.S. Gupte, B.C. Floyd, M. Kozicky, S. George, Z.I. Ungvari, V. Neito, M.S. Wolin, and S.A. Gupte Synergistic activation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NAD(P)H oxidase by Src kinase elevates superoxide in type 2 diabetic, Zucker fa/fa, rat liver Free Radic. Biol. Med. 47 2009 219 228
29. F. Puskas, P. Gergely Jr., K. Banki, and A. Perl Stimulation of the pentose phosphate pathway and glutathione levels by dehydroascorbate, the oxidized form of vitamin C FASEB J. 14 2000 1352 1361 (Pubitemid 30439744)
30. L. Gao, R. Mejìas, M. Echevarrìa, and J. Lòpez-Barneo Induction of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression by chronic hypoxia in PC12 cells FEBS Lett 569 2004 256 260 (Pubitemid 38844628)
31. S.A. Gupte Targeting the pentose phosphate pathway in syndrome X related cardiovascular complications Drug Dev. Res 71 2010 161 167
32. E.S. Shin, J. Park, J.M. Shin, D. Cho, S.Y. Cho, D.W. Shin, M. Ham, J.B. Kim, and T.R. Lee Catechin gallates are NADP-competitive inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and other enzymes that employ NADP as a coenzyme Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16 2011 3580 3586 (Pubitemid 351484051)
33. B. Tandogan, A. Kuruüzüm-Uz, C. Sengezer, Z. Güvenalp, L.Ö. Demirezer, and N.N. Ulusu In vitro effects of rosmarinic acid on glutathione reductase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase Pharm. Biol. 49 2011 587 594
34. H.G. Wood, and J. Katz The distribution of C14 in the hexose phosphates and the effect of recycling in the pentose cycle J. Biol. Chem 233 1958 1279 1282
35. J.F. Williams, and P.F. Blackmore Non-oxidative synthesis of pentose 5-phosphate from hexose 6-phosphate and triose phosphate by the L-type pentose pathway Int. J. Biochem 15 1983 797 816 (Pubitemid 13105189)
36. S. Langbein, M. Zerilli, A. zur Hausen, W. Staiger, K. Rensch-Boschert, N. Lukan, J. Popa, M.P. Ternullo, A. Steidler, C. Weiss, R. Grobholz, F. Willeke, P. Alken, G. Stassi, P. Schubert, and J.F. Coy Expression of transketolase TKTL1 predicts colon and urothelial cancer patient survival: Warburg effect reinterpreted Br. J. Cancer 94 2006 578 585 (Pubitemid 43289763)
37. S. Langbein, W.-M. Frederiks, A. zur Hausen, J. Popa, J. Lehmann, C. Weiss, P. Alken, and J.F. Coy Metastasis is promoted by a bioenergetic switch: new targets for progressive renal cell cancer Int. J. Cancer 122 2008 2422 2428 (Pubitemid 351590473)
38. A.K. Samland, and G.A. Sprenger Transaldolase: from biochemistry to human disease Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 41 2009 1482 1494
39. C.E. Grossman, Y. Qian, K. Banki, and A. Perl ZNF143 mediates basal and tissue-specific expression of human transaldolase J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 12190 12205 (Pubitemid 38445784)
40. K. Banki, E. Hutter, E. Colombo, N.J. Gonchoroff, and A. Perl Glutathione levels and sensitivity to apoptosis are regulated by changes in transaldolase expression J. Biol. Chem. 271 1996 32994 33001 (Pubitemid 27008736)
41. M. Nishimura, and K. Uyeda Purification and characterization of a novel xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase catalyzing dephosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, 2-kinase:fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase J. Biol. Chem 270 1995 26341 26346
42. K. Uyeda, and J.J. Repa Carbohydrate response element binding protein, ChREBP, a transcription factor coupling hepatic glucose utilization and lipid synthesis Cell Metab 4 2006 107 110 (Pubitemid 44138720)
43. R. Wittig, and J.F. Coy The role of glucose metabolism and glucose-associated signalling in cancer Perspect. Med. Chem. 1 2007 64 82
44. L. Longo, O.C. Vanegas, M. Patel, V. Rosti, H. Li, J. Waka, T. Merghoub, P.P. Pandolfi, R. Notaro, K. Manova, and L. Luzzatto Maternally transmitted severe glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is an embryonic lethal EMBO J. 21 2002 4229 4239
45. M. Jain, D.A. Brenner, L. Cui, C.C. Lim, B. Wang, D.R. Pimentel, S. Koh, D.B. Sawyer, J.A. Leopold, D.E. Handy, J. Loscalzo, C.S. Apstein, and R. Liao Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase modulates cytosolic redox status and contractile phenotype in adult cardiomyocytes Circ. Res. 93 2003 e9-e16
46. C. Ufer, C.C. Wang, A. Borchert, D. Heydeck, and H. Kuhn Redox control in mammalian embryo development Antioxid. Redox Signaling 13 2010 833 875
47. S. Chung, D. Kent Arrell, R.S. Faustino, A. Terzic, and P.P. Dzeja Glycolytic network restructuring integral to the energetics of embryonic stem cell cardiac differentiation J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 48 2010 725 734
48. T. Kato, S. Niizuma, Y. Inuzuka, T. Kawashima, J. Okuda, Y. Tamaki, Y. Iwanaga, M. Narazaki, T. Matsuda, T. Soga, T. Kita, T. Kimura, and T. Shioi Analysis of metabolic remodeling in compensated left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure Circ. Heart Fail 3 2010 420 430
49. R. Matsui, S. Xu, K.A. Maitland, A. Hayes, J.A. Leopold, D.E. Handy, J. Loscalzo, and R.A. Cohen Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency decreases the vascular response to angiotensin II Circulation 112 2005 257 263 (Pubitemid 40982309)
50. -/- mice Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 26 2006 910 916 (Pubitemid 43732171)
51. C.J. Zuurbier, O. Eerbeek, P.T. Goedhart, E.A. Struys, N.M. Verhoeven, C. Jakobs, and C. Ince Inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway decreases ischemia-reperfusion-induced creatine kinase release in the heart Cardiovasc. Res. 62 2004 145 153 (Pubitemid 38326820)
52. 13C NMR spectroscopy and metabolic flux analysis J. Neurochem. 113 2010 735 748
53. A.C. Williams, and W.C.L. Ford Functional significance of the pentose phosphate pathway and glutathione reductase in the antioxidant defenses of human sperm Biol. Reprod 71 2004 1309 1316 (Pubitemid 39249817)
54. E. Miraglia, C. Lussiana, D. Viarisio, C. Racca, A. Cipriani, E. Gazzano, A. Bosia, A. Revelli, and D. Ghigo The pentose phosphate pathway plays an essential role in supporting human sperm capacitation Fertil. Steril. 93 2010 2437 2440
55. A. Perl, Y. Qian, K.R. Chohan, C.R. Shirley, W. Amidon, S. Banerjee, F.A. Middleton, K.L. Conkrite, M. Barcza, N. Gonchoroff, S.S. Suarez, and K. Banki Transaldolase is essential for maintenance of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and fertility of spermatozoa Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 2006 14813 14818 (Pubitemid 44527811)
56. J. Park, S.S. Choe, A.H. Choi, K.H. Kim, M.J. Yoon, T. Suganami, Y. Ogawa, and J.B. Kim Increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in adipocytes stimulates oxidative stress and inflammatory signals Diabetes 55 2006 2939 2949 (Pubitemid 44929428)
57. S. Serpillon, B.C. Floyd, R.S. Gupte, S. George, M. Kozicky, V. Neito, F. Recchia, W. Stanley, M.S. Wolin, and S.A. Gupte Superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase and mitochondria is increased in genetically obese and hyperglycemic rat heart and aorta before the development of cardiac dysfunction: the role of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-derived NADPH Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol 297 2009 H153 H162
58. L. Meloni, M.R. Manca, I. Loddo, G. Cioglia, P. Cocco, A. Schwartz, and S. Muntoni Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency protects against coronary heart disease J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 31 2008 412 417
59. Z. Zhang, C.W. Liew, D.E. Handy, Y. Zhang, J.A. Leopold, J. Hu, L. Guo, R.N. Kulkarni, J. Loscalzo, and R.C. Stanton High glucose inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, leading to increased oxidative stress and β-cell apoptosis FASEB J. 24 2010 1497 1505
60. R.W. Moreadith, and A.L. Lehninger The pathways of glutamate and glutamine oxidation by tumor cell mitochondria: role of mitochondrial NAD(P)-dependent malic enzyme J. Biol. Chem 259 2004 6215 6221
61. A. Perl, R. Hanczko, T. Telarico, Z. Oaks, and S. Landas Oxidative stress, inflammation and carcinogenesis are controlled through the pentose phosphate pathway by transaldolase Trends Mol. Med. 17 2011 395 403
62. T. Kabashima, T. Kawaguchi, B.E. Wadzinski, and K. Uyeda Xylulose 5-phosphate mediates glucose-induced lipogenesis by xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase in rat liver Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 2003 5107 5112 (Pubitemid 36542666)
63. M.M. Wamelink, E.A. Struys, G.S. Salomons, D. Fowler, C. Jakobs, and P.T. Clayton Transaldolase deficiency in a two-year-old boy with cirrhosis Mol. Gen. Metab. 94 2008 255 258
64. J.H.J. Huck, N.M. Verhoeven, E.A. Struys, G.S. Salomons, C. Jakobs, and M.S. van der Knaap Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency: new inborn error in the pentose phosphate pathway associated with a slowly progressive leukoencephalopathy Am. J. Hum. Genet. 74 2004 745 751 (Pubitemid 38420104)
65. B. Niland, K. Banki, W.E. Biddison, and A. Perl CD8 T cell-mediated HLA-A0201-restricted cytotoxicity to transaldolase peptide 168-176 in patients with multiple sclerosis J. Immunol. 175 2005 8365 8378 (Pubitemid 41798403)
66. G.M. Matthews, and R.N. Butler Cellular mucosal defence during Helicobacter pylori infection: a review of the role of glutathione and the oxidative pentose pathway Helicobacter 10 2005 298 306 (Pubitemid 41104968)
67. G.T. Crimmins, M.W. Schelle, A.A. Herskovits, P.P. Ni, B.C. Kline, N. Meyer-Morse, A.T. Iavarone, and D.A. Portnoy Listeria monocytogenes 6-phosphogluconolactonase mutants induce increased activation of a host cytosolic surveillance pathway Infect. Immun. 77 2009 3014 3022
68. D.R. Wetmore, E. Joseloff, J. Pilewski, D.P. Lee, K.A. Lawton, M.W. Mitchell, M.V. Milburn, J.A. Ryals, and L. Guo Metabolomic profiling reveals biochemical pathways and biomarkers associated with pathogenesis in cystic fibrosis cells J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 30516 30522
69. D.D. Diamond, A.J. Syder, J.M. Jacobs, C.M. Sorensen, K.-A. Walters, S.C. Proll, J.E. McDermott, M.A. Gritsenko, Q. Zhang, R. Zhao, T.O. Metz, D.H. Camp II, K.M. Waters, R.D. Smith, C.M. Rice, and M.G. Katze Temporal proteome and lipidome profiles reveal hepatitis C virus-associated reprogramming of hepatocellular metabolism and bioenergetics PLoS Pathog. 6 2010 e1000719
70. M.P. Barrett The pentose phosphate pathway and parasitic protozoa Parasitol. Today 13 1997 11 16 (Pubitemid 27072541)
71. A.A. Mielniczki-Pereira, C.M. Chiavegatto, J.A. Lopez, W. Colli, M.J.M. Alves, and F.R. Gadelha Trypanosoma cruzi strains, Tulahuen 2 and Y, besides the difference in resistance to oxidative stress, display differential glucose-6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases activities Acta Trop. 101 2007 54 60 (Pubitemid 46198791)
72. A.T. Cordeiro, and O.H. Thiemann 16-Bromoepiandrosterone, an activator of the mammalian immune system, inhibits glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Trypanosoma cruzi and is toxic to these parasites grown in culture Bioorg. Med. Chem 18 2010 4762 4768
73. E. Jortzik, B. Mailu, J. Preuss, M. Fischer, L. Bode, S. Rahlfs, and K. Becker Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonase: a unique bifunctional enzyme from Plasmodium falciparum Biochem. J. 436 2011 641 650
74. R.J. Deberardinis, N. Sayed, D. Ditsworth, and C.B. Thompson Brick by brick: metabolism and tumor cell growth Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev 18 2008 54 61 (Pubitemid 351694453)
75. C. Moler, M. Benito, and M. Lorenzo Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression in fetal hepatocyte primary cultures under nonproliferative conditions Exp. Cell Res 210 1994 26 32 (Pubitemid 24168490)
76. S.K. Jonas, C. Benedetto, A. Flatman, R.H. Hammond, L. Micheletti, C. Riley, P.A. Riley, D.J. Spargo, M. Zonca, and T.F. Slater Increased activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in purified cell suspension and single cells from the uterine cervix in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Br. J. Cancer 66 1992 185 191
77. L.G. Boros, J.S. Torday, S. Lim, S. Bassilian, M. Cascante, and W.N. Lee Transforming growth factor β2 promotes glucose carbon incorporation into nucleic acid ribose through the nonoxidative pentose cycle in lung epithelial carcinoma cells Cancer Res. 60 2000 1183 1185 (Pubitemid 30151978)
78. M. Cascante, J.J. Centelles, R.L. Veech, W.N. Lee, and L.G. Boros Role of thiamin (vitamin B-1) and transketolase in tumor cell proliferation Nutr. Cancer 36 2000 150 154 (Pubitemid 30437034)
79. C. Sanchez-Martinez, and J.J. Aragon Analysis of phosphofructokinase subunits and isozymes in ascites tumor cells and its original tissue, murine mammary gland FEBS Lett 409 1997 86 90 (Pubitemid 27248572)
80. J. Pouyssegur, F. Dayan, and N.M. Mazure Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumor regression Nature 441 2006 437 443 (Pubitemid 44050138)
81. H. Pelicano, D.S. Martin, R.H. Xu, and P. Huang Glycolysis inhibition for anticancer treatment Oncogene 25 2006 4633 4646 (Pubitemid 44187614)
82. S.W. Tuttle, A. Maity, P.R. Oprysko, A.V. Kachur, I.S. Ayene, J.E. Biaglow, and C.J. Koch Detection of reactive oxygen species via endogenous oxidative pentose phosphate cycle activity in response to oxygen concentration: implications for the mechanism of HIF-1α stabilization under moderate hypoxia J. Biol. Chem. 282 2007 36790 36796
83. P. de Atauri, A. Benito, P. Vizán, M. Zanuy, R. Mangues, S. Marín, and M. Cascante Carbon metabolism and the sign of control coefficients in metabolic adaptations underlying K-ras transformation Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1807 2011 746 754
84. C.T. Lam, C.M. Tang, K.W. Lau, and M.L. Lung Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 11 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas Cancer Lett. 178 2002 75 81 (Pubitemid 34159244)
85. W.M. Frederiks, P. Vizan, K.S. Bosch, H. Vreeling-Sindelarova, J. Boren, and M. Cascante Elevated activity of the oxidative and non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in (pre)neoplastic lesions in rat liver Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 89 2008 232 240 (Pubitemid 352019178)
86. D. Hartmannsberger, B. Mack, C. Eggert, S. Denzel, H. Stepp, C.S. Betz, and O. Gires Transketolase-like protein 1 confers resistance to serum withdrawal in vitro Cancer Lett. 300 2011 20 29
87. S. Zhang, J.H. Yang, C.K. Guo, and P.C. Cai Gene silencing of TKTL1 by RNAi inhibits cell proliferation in human hepatoma cells Cancer Lett. 253 2007 108 114 (Pubitemid 46874727)
88. M. Krockenberger, A. Honig, L. Rieger, J.F. Coy, M. Sutterlin, M. Kapp, E. Horn, J. Dietl, and U. Kammerer Transketolase-like 1 expression correlates with subtypes of ovarian cancer and the presence of distant metastases Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer 7 2007 101 106 (Pubitemid 46213977)
89. J.F. Coy, D. Dressler, J. Wilde, and P. Schubert Mutations in the transketolase-like gene TKTL1: clinical implications for neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and cancer Clin. Lab. 51 2005 257 273 (Pubitemid 40895125)
90. L.H. Hu, J.H. Yang, D.T. Zhang, S. Zhang, L. Wang, P.C. Cai, J.F. Zheng, and J.S. Huang The TKTL1 gene influences total transketolase activity and cell proliferation in human colon cancer LoVo cells Anticancer Drugs 18 2007 427 433 (Pubitemid 46712406)
91. P.V. Basta, J.T. Bensen, C. Tse, C.M. Perou, P.F. Sullivan, and A.F. Olshan Genetic variation in transaldolase 1 and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck Cancer Detect. Prev. 32 2008 200 208
92. Z. Cheng, K. Wang, J. Wei, X. Lu, and B. Liu Proteomic analysis of anti-tumor effects by tetrandrine treatment in HepG2 cells Phytomedicine 17 2010 1000 1005
93. P. Vizán, G. Alcarraz-Vizán, S. Díaz-Moralli, O.N. Solovjeva, W.M. Frederiks, and M. Cascante Modulation of pentose phosphate pathway during cell cycle progression in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 Int. J. Cancer 124 2009 2789 2796
94. J. Vanamala, S. Radhakrishnan, L. Reddivari, V.B. Bhat, and A.B. Ptitsyn Resveratrol suppresses human colon cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via targeting the pentose phosphate and the talin-FAK signalling pathways - a proteomic approach Proteome Sci 9 2011 49
95. A. Galtieri, E. Tellone, S. Ficarra, A. Russo, E. Bellocco, D. Barreca, R. Scatena, G. Laganà, U. Leuzzi, and B. Giardina Resveratrol treatment induces redox stress in red blood cells: a possible role of caspase 3 in metabolism and anion transport Biol. Chem. 391 2010 1057 1065
96. C.H.; L, K. Ko, P.C. Ng, K.P. Fung, C.L. Li, R.P.-O. Wong, K.M. Chui, G.J.-L. Gu, E. Yung, C.C. Wang, and T.F. Fok Pro-oxidative effects of tea and polyphenols, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and epigallocatechin, on G6PD-deficient erythrocytes in vitro Int. J. Mol. Med. 18 2006 987 994
97. K.R. Anilakumar, K.R. Krishna, G. Chandramohan, F. Khanum, and A.S. Bawa Bees wax polyphenols as suppressor of CC1-induced oxidative stress in rats Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 51 2007 361 367
98. H. Zhang, R. Cao, W.P. Lee, C. Deng, J. Zhao, J. Lappe, R. Recker, Y. Yen, Q. Wang, M. Tsai, V.L. Go, and G.G. Xiao Inhibition of protein phosphorylation in MIA pancreatic cancer cells: confluence of metabolic and signaling pathways J. Proteome Res. 9 2010 980 989
99. X. Preville, F. Salvemini, S. Giraud, S. Chaufour, C. Paul, G. Stepien, M.V. Ursini, and A.P. Arrigo Mammalian small stress proteins protect against oxidative stress through their ability to increase glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and by maintaining optimal cellular detoxifying machinery Exp. Cell Res. 247 1999 61 78 (Pubitemid 29393962)
100. W.-N. Tian, L.D. Braunstein, J. Pang, K.M. Stuhlmeier, Q.-C. Xi, X. Tian, and R.C. Stanton Importance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity for cell growth J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 10609 10617 (Pubitemid 28227673)
101. J.A. Leopold, J. Walker, A.W. Scribner, B. Voetsch, Y.-Y. Zhang, A.J. Loscalzo, R.C. Stanton, and J. Loscalzo Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase modulates vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis J. Biol. Chem. 278 2003 32100 32106 (Pubitemid 37048399)
102. A. Fico, F. Paglialunga, L. Cigliano, P. Abrescia, P. Verde, G. Martini, I. Iaccarino, and S. Filosa Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase plays a crucial role in protection from redox-stress-induced apoptosis Cell Death Differ. 11 2004 823 831 (Pubitemid 39139742)
103. T. Efferth, U. Fabry, P. Glatte, and R. Osieka Increased induction of apoptosis in mononuclear cells of a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patient J. Mol. Med. (Berlin) 73 1995 47 49
104. S. Tuttle, T. Stamato, M.L. Perez, and J. Biaglow Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle protect cells against apoptosis induced by low doses of ionizing radiation Radiat. Res 153 2000 781 787 (Pubitemid 30349553)
105. K. Bensaad, A. Tsuruta, M.A. Selak, M.N. Vidal, K. Nakano, R. Bartrons, E. Gottlieb, and K.H. Vousden TIGAR, a p53-inducible regulator of glycolysis and apoptosis Cell 126 2006 107 120 (Pubitemid 44040989)
106. P. Jiang, W. Du, X. Wang, A. Mancuso, X. Gao, M. Wu, and X. Yang p53 regulates biosynthesis through direct inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Nat. Cell Biol. 13 2011 310 316
107. W.N. Tian, L.D. Braunstein, K. Apse, J. Pang, M. Rose, X. Tian, and R.C. Stanton Importance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in cell death Am. J. Physiol. 276 1999 C1121 1131
108. S. Salvioli, G. Storci, M. Pinti, D. Quaglino, L. Moretti, M. Merlo-Pich, G. Lenaz, S. Filosa, A. Fico, M. Bonafè, D. Monti, L. Troiano, M. Nasi, A. Cossarizza, and C. Franceschi Apoptosis-resistant phenotype in HL-60-derived cells HCW-2 is related to changes in expression of stress-induced proteins that impact on redox status and mitochondrial metabolism Cell Death Differ. 10 2003 163 174 (Pubitemid 36553458)
109. S.N. Porter, G.S. Howarth, and R.N. Butler Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract: potential role of the pentose phosphate pathways Eur. J. Pharmacol. 397 2000 1 9 (Pubitemid 30323804)
110. G. Filomeni, S. Cardaci, A.M. Da Costa Ferreira, G. Rotilio, and M.R. Ciriolo Metabolic oxidative stress elicited by the copper(II) complex [Cu(isaepy)2] triggers apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells through the induction of the AMP-activated protein kinase/p38MAPK/p53 signalling axis: evidence for a combined use with 3-bromopyruvate in neuroblastoma treatment Biochem. J. 437 2011 443 453
111. E.K. Pias, and T.Y. Aw Apoptosis in mitotic competent undifferentiated cells is induced by cellular redox imbalance independent of reactive oxygen species production FASEB J. 16 2002 781 790 (Pubitemid 34615126)
112. D. Li, Y. Zhu, Q. Tang, H Lu, H Li, Y. Yang, Z. Li, and S. Tong A new G6PD knockdown tumor-cell line with reduced proliferation and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. 24 2009 81 90
113. R. Hanczko, D.R. Fernandez, E. Doherty, Y. Qian, G. Vas, B. Niland, T. Telarico, A. Garba, S. Banerjee, F.A. Middleton, D. Barrett, M. Barcza, K. Banki, S.K. Landas, and A. Perl Prevention of hepatocarcinogenesis and increased susceptibility to acetaminophen-induced liver failure in transaldolase- deficient mice by N-acetylcysteine J. Clin. Invest. 119 2009 1546 1557
114. Y. Qian, S. Banerjee, C.E. Grossman, W. Amidon, G. Nagy, M. Barcza, B. Niland, D.R. Karp, F.A. Middleton, K. Banki, and A. Perl Transaldolase deficiency influences the pentose phosphate pathway, mitochondrial homoeostasis and apoptosis signal processing Biochem. J. 415 2008 123 134
115. K. Banki, E. Hutter, N.J. Gonchoroff, and A. Perl Molecular ordering in HIV-induced apoptosis: oxidative stress, activation of caspases, and cell survival are regulated by transaldolase J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 11944 11953 (Pubitemid 28272104)
116. B. Comin-Anduix, L.G. Boros, S. Marin, J. Boren, C. Callol-Massot, J.J. Centelles, J.L. Torres, N. Agell, S. Bassilian, and M. Cascante Fermented wheat germ extract inhibits glycolysis/pentose cycle enzymes and induces apoptosis through poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation in Jurkat T-cell leukemia tumor cells J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 46408 46414 (Pubitemid 35417635)
117. B.S. Hsieh, L.W. Huang, S.J. Su, H.L. Cheng, Y.C. Hu, T.C. Hung, and K.L. Chang Combined arginine and ascorbic acid treatment induces apoptosis in the hepatoma cell line HA22T/VGH and changes in redox status involving the pentose phosphate pathway and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species J. Nutr. Biochem. 22 2011 234 241
118. H. Goldenberg, and E. Schweinzer Transport of vitamin C in animal and human cells J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26 1994 359 367 (Pubitemid 24321061)
119. J.M. May, Z. Qu, and J.D. Morrow Mechanisms of ascorbic acid recycling in human erythrocytes Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1528 2001 159 166 (Pubitemid 33001277)
120. C. Cosentino, D. Grieco, and V. Costanzo ATM activates the pentose phosphate pathway promoting anti-oxidant defence and DNA repair EMBO J. 30 2011 546 555
121. Y. Efferth, U. Fabry, and R. Osieka DNA damage and apoptosis in mononuclear cells from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient patients (G6PD Aachen variant) after UV irradiation J. Leukocyte Biol 69 2001 340 342 (Pubitemid 32221436)
122. P.F. Finn, N.T. Mesires, M. Vine, and J.F. Dice Effects of small molecules on chaperone-mediated autophagy Autophagy 1 2005 141 145
123. A.D. Richardson, C. Yang, A. Osterman, and J.W. Smith Central carbon metabolism in the progression of mammary carcinoma Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 110 2008 297 307 (Pubitemid 351793887)
124. X. Lu, B. Bennet, E. Mu, J. Rabinowitz, and Y. Kang Metabolomic changes accompanying transformation and acquisition of metastatic potential in a syngeneic mouse mammary tumor model J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 9317 9321
125. E.I. Chen, J. Hewel, J.S. Krueger, C. Tiraby, M.R. Weber, A Kralli, K Becker, J.R. Yates, and III Felding-Habermann B. Adaptation of energy metabolism in breast cancer brain metastases Cancer Res. 2007 61472 61486
126. J.L. Luque-Garcìa, J.L. Martìnez-Torrecuadrada, C. Epifano, M. Canamero, I. Babel, and J.I. Casal Differential protein expression on the cell surface of colorectal cancer cells associated to tumor metastasis Proteomics 10 2010 940 952
127. L.G. Boros, J. Puigjaner, M. Cascante, W.-N.P. Lee, J.L. Brandes, S. Bassilian, F.I. Yusuf, R.D. Williams, P. Muscarella, W.S. Melvin, and W.J. Schirmer Oxythiamine and dehydroepiandrosterone inhibit the nonoxidative synthesis of ribose and tumor cell proliferation Cancer Res. 57 1997 4242 4248 (Pubitemid 27413432)
128. J. Boren, M. Cascante, S. Marin, B. Comìn-Anduix, J.J. Centelles, S. Lim, S. Bassilian, S. Ahmed, W.N.-P. Lee, and L.G. Boros Gleevec (STI571) influences metabolic enzyme activities and glucose carbon flow toward nucleic acid and fatty acid synthesis in myeloid tumor cells J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 37747 37753
129. L.G. Boros, S. Bassilian, S. Lim, and W.N.-P. Lee Genistein inhibits nonoxidative ribose synthesis in MIA pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells: a new mechanism of controlling tumor growth Pancreas 22 2001 1 7 (Pubitemid 32046207)
130. H. Lu, R.A. Forbes, and A. Verma Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activation by aerobic glycolysis implicates the Warburg effect in carcinogenesis J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 23111 23115 (Pubitemid 34952134)
131. S. Pan, C.J. World, C.J. Kovacs, and B.C. Berk Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase is regulated through c-Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation in endothelial cells Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 29 2009 895 901
132. D. Fukumura, T. Gohongi, A. Kadambi, Y. Izumi, J. Ang, C.O. Yun, D.G. Buerk, P.L. Huang, and R.K. Jain Predominant role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis and vascular permeability Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 2001 2604 2609 (Pubitemid 32209529)
133. R. Katare, A. Caporali, C. Emanueli, and P. Madeddu Benfotiamine improves functional recovery of the infarcted heart via activation of pro-survival G6PD/Akt signaling pathway and modulation of neurohormonal response J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol 49 2010 625 638
134. N. Binz, C.E. Graham, K. Simpson, Y.K.Y. Lai, W.-Y. Shen, C.-M. Lai, T.P. Speed, and P.E. Rakoczy Long-term effect of therapeutic laser photocoagulation on gene expression in the eye FASEB J. 20 2006 383 385 (Pubitemid 46671179)
135. P. Vizàn, S. Sànchez-Tena, G. Alcarraz-Vizàn, M. Soler, R. Messeguer, M.D. Pujol, W.-N.P. Lee, and M. Cascante Characterization of the metabolic changes underlying growth factor angiogenic activation: identification of new potential therapeutic targets Carcinogenesis 30 2009 946 952
136. M. Cascante, A. Benito, M. Zanuy, P. Vizán, S. Marín, and P. de Atauri Metabolic network adaptations in cancer as targets for novel therapies Biochem. Soc. Trans. 38 2010 1302 1306
137. M.X. Du, J. Sim, L. Fang, Z. Yin, S. Koh, J. Stratton, J. Pons, J.J. Wang, and B. Carte Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors for human transketolase by high-throughput screening with fluorescent intensity (FLINT) assay J. Biomol. Screen. 9 2004 427 433
138. W.I. Staiger, J.F. Coy, R. Grobholz, R.D. Hofheinz, N. Lukan, S. Post, M.H. Schwarzbach, and F. Willeke Expression of the mutated transketolase TKTL1, a molecular marker in gastric cancer Oncol. Rep. 16 2006 657 661
139. J. Boren, A. Ramos-Montoya, K.S. Bosch, H. Vreeling, A. Jonker, J.J. Centelles, M. Cascante, and W.M. Frederiks In situ localization of transketolase activity in epithelial cells of different rat tissues and subcellularly in liver parenchymal cells J. Histochem. Cytochem. 54 2006 191 199 (Pubitemid 43201640)
140. C. Friesen, Y. Kiess, and K.M. Debatin A critical role of glutathione in determining apoptosis sensitivity and resistance in leukemia cells Cell Death Differ 11 2004 S73 S85
141. H. Pelicano, D.S. Martin, R.-H. Xu, and P. Huang Glycolysis inhibition for anticancer treatment Oncogene 25 2006 4633 4646 (Pubitemid 44187614)
142. G.D. Kruh, H. Zeng, P.A. Rea, G. Liu, Z.S. Chen, K. Lee, and M.G. Belinsky MRP subfamily transporters and resistance to anticancer agents J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 33 2001 493 501 (Pubitemid 34052575)
143. J.M. Estrela, A. Ortega, and E. Obrador Glutathione in cancer biology and therapy Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci. 43 2006 143 181 (Pubitemid 43860449)
144. I. Meijerman, J.H. Beijnen, and J.H. Schellens Combined action and regulation of phase II enzymes and multidrug resistance proteins in multidrug resistance in cancer Cancer Treat. Rev 34 2008 505 520
145. T. Gessner, L.A. Vaughan, B.C. Beehler, C.J. Bartels, and R.M. Baker Elevated pentose cycle and glucuronyltransferase in daunorubicin-resistant P388 cells Cancer Res. 50 1990 3921 3927 (Pubitemid 20225607)
146. 31P NMR and enzymatic studies Anticancer Res. 13 1993 867 872 (Pubitemid 23247428)
147. M. Fanciulli, T. Bruno, S. Castiglione, C. Del Carlo, M.G. Paggi, and A. Floridi Glucose metabolism in adriamycin-sensitive and -resistant LoVo human colon carcinoma cells Oncol. Res. 5 1993 357 362 (Pubitemid 24145947)
148. S. Miccadei, M. Fanciulli, T. Bruno, M.G. Paggi, and A. Floridi Energy metabolism of adriamycin-sensitive and -resistant Ehrlich ascites tumor cells Oncol. Res. 8 1996 27 35 (Pubitemid 26107684)
149. C.V. Recktenwald, R. Kellner, R. Lichtenfels, and B. Seliger Altered detoxification status and increased resistance to oxidative stress by K-ras transformation Cancer Res. 68 2008 10086 10093
150. M. Polimeni, C. Voena, J. Kopecka, C. Riganti, G. Pescarmona, A. Bosia, and D. Ghigo Modulation of doxorubicin resistance by the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity Biochem. J. 439 2011 141 149
151. J. Lutzky, M.B. Astor, R.N. Taub, M.A. Baker, K. Bhalla, J.E. Gervasoni Jr, M. Rosado, V. Stewart, S. Krishna, and A.A. Hinderburg Role of glutathione and dependent enzymes in anthracycline-resistant HL60/AR cells Cancer Res. 49 1989 4120 4125 (Pubitemid 19207246)
152. 13C NMR studies of glucose metabolism in human leukemic CEM-C7 and CEM-C1 cells Magn. Reson. Med. 23 1992 356 366
153. D.S. Yu, S.Y. Chang, and C.P. Ma The correlation of membranous glycoprotein-gp-170, cytoplasmic glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels with multidrug resistance in transitional cell carcinoma cell lines of the urinary tract J. Urol 157 1997 727 731
154. D. Kostrzewa-Nowak, M.J. Paine, C.R. Wolf, and J. Tarasiuk The role of bioreductive activation of doxorubicin in cytotoxic activity against leukaemia HL60-sensitive cell line and its multidrug-resistant sublines Br. J. Cancer 11 2005 89 97 (Pubitemid 41076256)
155. D. Kostrzewa-Nowak, M.J. Paine, A. Korytowska, K. Serwatka, S. Piotrowska, C.R. Wolf, and J. Tarasiuk Bioreductive activation of mitoxantrone by NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase: implications for increasing its ability to inhibit the growth of sensitive and multidrug resistant leukaemia HL60 cells Cancer Lett. 245 2007 252 262 (Pubitemid 44959360)
156. E.H. Choi, N. Lee, H.J. Kim, M.K. Kim, S.G. Chi, D.Y. Kwon, and H.S. Chun Schisandra fructus extract ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in cardiomyocytes: altered gene expression for detoxification enzymes Genes Nutr 2 2008 337 345 (Pubitemid 351447709)
157. M. Foldi, E. Stickeler, L. Bau, O. Kretz, D. Watermann, G. Gitsch, G. Kayser, A. Zur Hausen, and J.F. Coy Transketolase protein TKTL1 overexpression: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer Oncol. Rep. 17 2007 841 845
158. Y.K. Shin, B.C. Yoo, Y.S. Hong, H.J. Chang, K.H. Jumg, S.Y. Jeong, and J.G. Park Upregulation of glycolytic enzymes in proteins secreted from human colon cancer cells with 5-fluorouracil resistance Electrophoresis 30 2009 2182 2192
159. F. Zhao, A. Mancuso, T.V. Bui, X. Tong, J.J. Gruber, C.R. Swider, P.V. Sanchez, J.J. Lum, N. Sayed, J.V. Melo, A.E. Perl, M. Carroll, S.W. Tuttle, and C.B. Thompson Imatinib-resistance associated with BCR-ABL upregulation is dependent on HIF-1α-induced metabolic reprogramming Oncogene 29 2010 2962 2972
160. G.M. Lai, J.A. Moscow, M.G. Alvarez, T. Fojo, and S.E. Bates Contribution of glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes in the reversal of adriamycin resistance in colon carcinoma cell lines Int. J. Cancer 49 1991 688 695
161. 31P NMR and tumor growth delay studies Magn. Reson. Med. 36 1996 887 892 (Pubitemid 26396816)
162. P.K. Sharma, R. Bhardwaj, B.S. Dwarakanath, and R. Varshney Metabolic oxidative stress induced by a combination of 2-DG and 6-AN enhances radiation damage selectively in malignant cells via non-coordinated expression of antioxidant enzymes Cancer Lett 295 2010 154 166
163. R. Varshney, B.S. Dwarakanath, and V. Jain Radiosensitization by 6-aminonicotinamide and 2-deoxy-d-glucose in human cancer cells Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 81 2005 397 408 (Pubitemid 41117010)
164. V. Jain Modifications of radiation responses by 2-deoxy-d-glucose in normal and cancer cells Indian J. Nucl. Med 11 1996 8 17
165. S. Lord-Fontaine, and D.A. Averill-Bates Heat shock inactivates cellular antioxidant defenses against hydrogen peroxide: protection by glucose Free Radic. Biol. Med. 32 2002 752 765 (Pubitemid 34286596)
166. L. Behrend, G. Henderson, and R.M. Zwacka Reactive oxygen species in oncogenic transformation Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31 2003 1441 1444 (Pubitemid 38030996)
167. V.L. Kinnula, P. Pääkko, and Y. Soini Antioxidant enzymes and redox regulating thiol proteins in malignancies of human lung FEBS Lett 569 2004 1 6 (Pubitemid 38844583)
168. C. Glorieux, N. Dejeans, B. Sid, R. Beck, P.B. Calderon, and J. Verrax Catalase overexpression in mammary cancer cells leads to a less aggressive phenotype and an altered response to chemotherapy Biochem. Pharmacol. 82 2011 1384 1390
169. R. Brigelius-Flohé, and A. Kipp Glutathione peroxidases in different stages of carcinogenesis Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1790 2009 1555 1568
170. E. Lubos, J. Loscalzo, and D.E. Handy Glutathione peroxidase-1 in health and disease: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities Antioxid. Redox Signaling 15 2011 1957 1997
171. J. Liu, M.M. Hinkhouse, W. Sun, C.J. Weydert, J.M. Ritchie, L.W. Oberley, and J.J. Cullen Redox regulation of pancreatic cancer cell growth: role of glutathione peroxidase in the suppression of the malignant phenotype Hum. Gene Ther. 15 2004 239 250 (Pubitemid 38365913)
172. Y.P. Lu, Y.R. Lou, P. Yen, H.L. Newmark, O.I. Mirochnitchenko, M. Inouye, and M.T. Huang Enhanced skin carcinogenesis in transgenic mice with high expression of glutathione peroxidase or both glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase Cancer Res. 57 1997 1468 1474 (Pubitemid 27175562)
173. C.A. Neumann, and Q. Fang Are peroxiredoxins tumor suppressors? Curr. Opin. Pharmacol 7 2007 375 380 (Pubitemid 47289263)
174. B. Zhang, Y. Wang, and Y. Su Peroxiredoxins, a novel target in cancer radiotherapy Cancer Lett. 286 2009 154 160