A role for RNA viruses in the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma: The need for reappraisal

Advances in Hematology

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Van Den Bosch, Corry ^a  

^a Pilgrims Hospices   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARCINOGEN;

ARBOVIRUS; BURKITT LYMPHOMA; CHIKUNGUNYA; DENGUE VIRUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ENDEMIC DISEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS; FLAVIVIRUS; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMAN; MALARIA; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RNA VIRUS; TUMOR VIRUS; VIRUS CARCINOGENESIS; YELLOW FEVER FLAVIVIRUS;

EID: 84861014902     PISSN: 16879104     EISSN: 16879112     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/494758     Document Type: Review

References (206)

1. Parkin D. M., The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002 International Journal of Cancer 2006 118 12 3030 3044
2. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Infections with Epstein-Barr virus and human herpes viruses 1997 70 Lyon, France IARC
3. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Review of Human Carcinogens; Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus 2008 100 IARC Monograph
4. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Human immunodeficiency viruses and human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1996 67 Lyon, France IARC
5. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Hepatitis Viruses 1994 59 Lyon, France IARC
6. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Schistosomes, liver flukes and helicobacter pylori 1994 61 Lyon, France IARC
7. Lecuit M., Abachin E., Martin A., Poyart C., Pochart P., Suarez F., Bengoufa D., Feuillard J., Lavergne A., Gordon J. I., Berche P., Guillevin L., Lortholary O., Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease associated with Campylobacter jejuni New England Journal of Medicine 2004 350 3 239 248 (Pubitemid 38067636)
8. Ferreri A. J. M., Guidoboni M., Ponzoni M., De Conciliis C., Dell'Oro S., Fleischhauer K., Caggiari L., Lettini A. A., Dal Cin E., Ieri R., Freschi M., Villa E., Boiocchi M., Dolcetti R., Evidence for an association between Chlamydia psittaci and ocular adnexal lymphomas Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2004 96 8 586 594 (Pubitemid 38584982)
9. Chanudet E., Zhou Y., Bacon C. M., Wotherspoon A. C., Mller-Hermelink H. K., Adam P., Dong H. Y., de Jong D., Li Y., Wei R., Gong X., Wu Q., Ranaldi R., Goteri G., Pileri S. A., Ye H., Hamoudi R. A., Liu H., Radford J., Du M. Q., Chlamydia psittaci is variably associated with ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma in different geographical regions Journal of Pathology 2006 209 3 344 351 (Pubitemid 43997743)
10. Cerroni L., Zchling N., Ptz B., Kerl H., Infection by Borrelia burgdorferi and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma Journal of Cutaneous Pathology 1997 24 8 457 461 (Pubitemid 27432373)
11. Schllkopf C., Melbye M., Munksgaard L., Smedby K. E., Rostgaard K., Glimelius B., Chang E. T., Roos G., Hansen M., Adami H. O., Hjalgrim H., Borrelia infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma Blood 2008 111 12 5524 5529
12. van den Bosch C., Lloyd G., Chikungunya fever as a risk factor for endemic Burkitt's lymphoma in Malawi Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2000 94 6 704 705
13. Morrow R. H., Lenoir G., OConor G., Olweny C. L. M., Epidemiological evidence for the role of Falciparum malaria in the pathogenesis of Burkitts Lymphoma A Human Cancer Model, Burkitts Lymphoma 1985 Lyon, France IARC 177 184
14. Lenoir G. M., Philip T., Sohier R., Magrath I. T., OConor G. T., Ramot B., Burkitt-type lymphoma: EBV association and cytogenetic markers in cases from various geographic locations Pathogenesis of Leukaemias and Lymphomas: Environmental Influences, Progress in Cancer Research and Therapy 1984 27 New York, NY, USA Raven Press 283 296
15. Magrath I., Jain V., Bhatia K., Epstein-Barr virus and Burkitt's lymphoma Seminars in Cancer Biology 1992 3 5 285 295
16. Dolcetti R., Boiocchi M., Cellular and molecular bases of B-cell clonal expansions Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 1996 14 14 S3 S13
17. Barth T. F. E., Bentz M., Leithuser F., Stilgenbauer S., Siebert R., Schlotter M., Schlenk R. F., Dhner H., Mller P., Molecular-cytogenetic comparison of mucosa-associated marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and large B-cell lymphoma arising in the gastro-intestinal tract Genes Chromosomes and Cancer 2001 31 4 316 325 (Pubitemid 32622708)
18. Carbone A., Gloghini A., AIDS-related lymphomas: from pathogenesis to pathology British Journal of Haematology 2005 130 5 662 670 (Pubitemid 43906640)
19. Libra M., Gasparotto D., Gloghini A., Navolanic P. M., De Re V., Carbone A., Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and lymphoproliferative disorders Frontiers in Bioscience 2005 10 2 2460 2471 (Pubitemid 40905250)
20. Levine A. M., Nelson R., Zuckerman E., Zuckerman T., Govindarajan S., Valinluck B., Bernstein L., Lack of association between hepatitis C infection and development of AIDS-related lymphoma Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 1999 20 3 255 258 (Pubitemid 29156962)
21. Rowe M., Kelly G. L., Bell A. I., Rickinson A. B., Burkitt's lymphoma: the Rosetta Stone deciphering Epstein-Barr virus biology Seminars in Cancer Biology 2009 19 6 377 388
22. van den Bosch C. A., Is endemic Burkitt's lymphoma an alliance between three infections and a tumour promoter? Lancet Oncology 2004 5 12 738 746
23. Iversen U., Iversen O. H., Bluming A. Z., Ziegler J. L., Kyalwasi S., Cell kinetics of African cases of Burkitt Lymphoma. A preliminary report European Journal of Cancer 1972 8 3 305 308
24. Day N. E., Smith P. G., Lachet B., The latent period of Burkitt's lymphoma: the evidence from epidemiological clustering IARC scientific publications 1985 60 187 195
25. Crawford D. H., Biology and disease associations of Epstein-Barr virus Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 2001 356 1408 461 473 (Pubitemid 32442746)
26. Burns D. M., Crawford D. H., Epstein-Barr virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes for adoptive immunotherapy of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease Blood Reviews 2004 18 3 193 209 (Pubitemid 38859629)
27. Taub R., Kirsch I., Morton C., Translocation of the c-myc gene into the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in human Burkitt lymphoma and murine plasmacytoma cells Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1982 79 24 I 7837 7841 (Pubitemid 13182474)
28. Hayday A. C., Gillies S. D., Saito H., Activation of a translocated human c-myc gene by an enhancer in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus Nature 1984 307 5949 334 340 (Pubitemid 14134060)
29. Magrath I., The pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma Advances in Cancer Research 1990 55 133 270 (Pubitemid 20259302)
30. Klein G., EBV-B cell interactions: immortalization, rescue from apoptosis, tumorigenicity (A short review) Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica 1996 43 2-3 97 105 (Pubitemid 126417515)
31. Klapproth K., Wirth T., Advances in the understanding of MYC-induced lymphomagenesis British Journal of Haematology 2010 149 4 484 497
32. Drotar M. E., Silva S., Barone E., Campbell D., Tsimbouri P., Jurvansu J., Bhatia P., Klein G., Wilson J. B., Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 and myc cooperate in lymphomagenesis International Journal of Cancer 2003 106 3 388 395 (Pubitemid 36870402)
33. Hotchin N. A., Allday M. J., Crawford D. H., Deregulated c-myc expression in Epstein-Barr-virus-immortalized B-cells induces altered growth properties and surface phenotype but not tumorigenicity International Journal of Cancer 1990 45 3 566 571 (Pubitemid 20087210)
34. Farrell P. J., Allan G. J., Shanahan F., Vousden K. H., Crook T., P53 is frequently mutated in Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines EMBO Journal 1991 10 10 2879 2888
35. Goossens T., Klein U., Kppers R., Frequent occurrence of deletions and duplications during somatic hypermutation: implications for oncogene translocations and heavy chain disease Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 95 5 2463 2468 (Pubitemid 28145964)
36. Klein G., The role of gene dosage and genetic transpositions in carcinogenesis Nature 1981 294 5839 313 318 (Pubitemid 12202849)
37. Haluska F. G., Finver S., Tsujimoto Y., Croce C. M., The t(8;14) chromosomal translocation occurring in B-cell malignancies results from mistakes in V-D-J joining Nature 1986 324 6093 158 161 (Pubitemid 17180628)
38. Vanasse G. J., Concannon P., Willerford D. M., Regulated genomic instability and neoplasia in the lymphoid lineage Blood 1999 94 12 3997 4010
39. Riboldi P., Ikematsu W., Brambilla B., Caprani C., Gerosa M., Casali P., Diversity and somatic hypermutation of the Ig VHDJH, V J, and V J gene segments in lymphoma B cells: relevance to the origin of the neoplastic B cell clone Human Immunology 2003 64 1 69 81 (Pubitemid 36109814)
40. Klein G., Lymphoma development in mice and humans: delivery of initiation is followed by convergent cytogenetic evolution Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1979 76 5 2442 2446 (Pubitemid 9185506)
41. Bornkamm G. W., Epstein-Barr virus and its role in the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma: an unresolved issue Seminars in Cancer Biology 2009 19 6 351 365
42. Purtilo D. T., Manolov Y., Manolova S., Harada H., Lipscomb H., Tatsumi E., Lenoir G., OConor G., Olweny C. L. M., Role of Epstein-Barr virus in the etiology of Burkitts lymphoma A Human Cancer Model, Burkitt's Lymphoma 1985 IARC 231 247
43. Hirai K., Yamamoto T., Hironaka T., Epstein-Barr virus genome in infected cells and cancer Epstein-Barr virus and Human Cancer 1998 Tokyo, Japan Japanese Cancer Association. Japan Scientific Societies Press 29 39 Gann Monograph on Cancer Research no. 45 (Pubitemid 28154670)
44. Yamamoto K., Mizuno F., Matsuo T., Epstein-Barr virus and human chromosomes: close association of the resident viral genome and the expression of the virus-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA) with the presence of chromosome 14 in human-mouse hybrid cells Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1978 75 10 5155 5159 (Pubitemid 9046500)
45. De The G., Geser A., Day N. E., Epidemiological evidence for causal relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and Burkitt's lymphoma from Ugandan prospective study Nature 1978 274 5673 756 761 (Pubitemid 8406152)
46. Evans A. S., Kaslow R. A., Surveillance and Sero-epidemiology Viral Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control 1997 4th chapter 3 New York, NY, USA Springer 107 108
47. Henle G., Henle W., Klein G., Gunven P., Clifford P., Morrow R. H., Ziegler J. L., Antibodies to early Epstein-Barr virus-induced antigens in Burkitt's lymphoma Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1971 46 4 861 871
48. Pearson G. R., Qualtiere L. F., Klein G., Epstein-Barr virus-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in patients with Burkitt's lymphoma International Journal of Cancer 1979 24 4 402 406 (Pubitemid 10244689)
49. Levine P. H., Fraumeni J. F., Reisher J. I., Waggoner D. E., Antibodies to Epstein Barr virus associated antigens in relatives of cancer patients Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1974 52 4 1037 1040
50. Facer C. A., Playfair J. H. L., Malaria, Epstein-Barr Virus, and the genesis of lymphomas Advances in Cancer Research 1989 53 33 72
51. Moormann A. M., Chelimo K., Sumba O. P., Lutzke M. L., Ploutz-Snyder R., Newton D., Kazura J., Rochford R., Exposure to holoendemic malaria results in elevated Epstein-Barr virus loads in children Journal of Infectious Diseases 2005 191 8 1233 1238
52. Hildesheim A., West S., DeVeyra E., De Guzman M. F., Jurado A., Jones C., Imai J., Hinuma Y., Herbal medicine use, Epstein-Barr virus, and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma Cancer Research 1992 52 11 3048 3051
53. Osato T., Imai S., Koizumi S., African Burkitt's lymphoma and an Epstein-Barr virus-enhancing plant Euphorbia triucalli Lancet 1987 1 8544 1257 1258 (Pubitemid 17070819)
54. Van den Bosch C., Griffin B. E., Kazembe P., Dziweni C., Kadzamira L., Are plant factors a missing link in the evolution of endemic Burkitt's Lymphoma? British Journal of Cancer 1993 68 6 1232 1235 (Pubitemid 23356682)
55. Mizuno F., Osato T., Imai S., Koizumi S., Aya T., Kinoshita T., Hirai N., Hirota M., Ohigashi H., Koshimizu K., Epstein-Barr virus-enhancing plant promoters in east Africa AIDS research 1986 2 S151 S155
56. van den Bosch C., Tules S. D., The pathogenesis of Burkitts lymphoma-an alternative hypothesis: The arbovirus theory revisited New Developments in Lymphoma and Hodgkin's Disease Research 2006 chapter 9 New York, NY, USA Nova Publishers 149 194
57. Rastelli J., Hmig-Hlzel C., Seagal J., Mller W., Hermann A. C., Rajewsky K., Zimber-Strobl U., LMP1 signaling can replace CD40 signaling in B cells in vivo and has unique features of inducing class-switch recombination to IgG1 Blood 2008 111 3 1448 1455 (Pubitemid 351213432)
58. Niller H. H., Salamon D., Ilg K., Koroknai A., Banati F., Buml G., Rcker O. L., Schwarzmann F., Wolf H., Minarovits J., The in vivo binding site for oncoprotein c-Myc in the promoter for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoding RNA (EBER) 1 suggests a specific role for EBV in lymphomagenesis Medical Science Monitor 2003 9 1 HY1 HY9
59. Takacs M., Segesdi J., Banati F., The importance of epigenetic alterations in the development of Epstein-Barr virus-related lymphomas Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 2009 1 2
60. Niller H. H., Wolf H., Ay E., Minarovits J., Epigenetic dysregulation of epstein-barr virus latency and development of autoimmune disease Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2011 711 82 102
61. Mancao C., Hammerschmidt W., Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2A is a B-cell receptor mimic and essential for B-cell survival Blood 2007 110 10 3715 3721 (Pubitemid 350159641)
62. Mancao C., Altmann M., Jungnickel B., Hammerschmidt W., Rescue of "crippled" germinal center B cells from apoptosis by Epstein-Barr virus Blood 2005 106 13 4339 4344 (Pubitemid 41775945)
63. Kelly G. L., Long H. M., Stylianou J., Thomas W. A., Leese A., Bell A. I., Bornkamm G. W., Mautner J., Rickinson A. B., Rowe M., An epstein-barr virus anti-apoptotic protein constitutively expressed in transformed cells and implicated in burkitt lymphomagenesis: the Wp/BHRF1 link PLoS Pathogens 2009 5 3
64. Kelly G. L., Milner A. E., Baldwin G. S., Bell A. I., Rickinson A. B., Three restricted forms of Epstein-Barr virus latency counteracting apoptosis in c-myc-expressing Burkitt lymphoma cells Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 103 40 14935 14940 (Pubitemid 44527832)
65. Thorley-Lawson D. A., Gross A., Persistence of the Epstein-Barr virus and the origins of associated lymphomas New England Journal of Medicine 2004 350 13 1328 1337 (Pubitemid 38375368)
66. Heise W., GI-lymphomas in immunosuppressed patients (organ transplantation; HIV) Best Practice and Research: Clinical Gastroenterology 2010 24 1 57 69
67. Knowles D. M., Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders Modern Pathology 1999 12 2 200 217 (Pubitemid 29093902)
68. Cohen J. I., The biology of Epstein-Barr virus: lessons learned from the virus and the host Current Opinion in Immunology 1999 11 4 365 370 (Pubitemid 29377901)
69. Thorley-Lawson D. A., Robinson E. S., EBV persistence and latent infections in vivo Epstein-Barr Virus 2005 chapter 17 Norfolk, UK Caister Academic Press 309 357
70. Young Lawrence S., Arrand John R., Murray Paul G., Arvin A., Campadelli-Fiume G., Mocarski E., EBV gene expression and regulation Human Herpesviruses: Biology, Therapy, and Immunoprophylaxis 2007 chapter 27 Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press
71. Xue S. A., Labrecque L. G., Lu Q. L., Ong S. K., Lampert I. A., Kazembe P., Molyneux E., Broadhead R. L., Borgstein E., Griffin B. E., Promiscuous expression of Epstein-Barr virus genes in Burkitt's lymphoma from the central African country Malawi International Journal of Cancer 2002 99 5 635 643 (Pubitemid 34538741)
72. Kelly G., Bell A., Rickinson A., Epstein-Barr virus-associated Burkitt lymphomagenesis selects for downregulation of the nuclear antigen EBNA2 Nature Medicine 2002 8 10 1098 1104 (Pubitemid 35175964)
73. Griffin B. E., Rochford R., Robinson E. S., Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma Epstein-Barr Virus 2005 chapter 9 Norfolk, UK Caister Academic Press 113 137
74. Yates J., Warren N., Reisman D., Sugden B., A cis-acting element from the Epstein-Barr viral genome that permits stable replication of recombinant plasmids in latently infected cells Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1984 81 12 I 3806 3810 (Pubitemid 14087807)
75. Snudden D. K., Hearing J., Smith P. R., Grasser F. A., Griffin B. E., EBNA-1, the major nuclear antigen of Epstein-Barr virus, resembles 'RGG' RNA binding proteins EMBO Journal 1994 13 20 4840 4847 (Pubitemid 24319366)
76. Srinivas S. K., Sixbey J. W., Epstein-Barr virus induction of recombinase-activating genes RAG1 and RAG2 Journal of Virology 1995 69 12 8155 8158
77. Humme S., Reisbach G., Feederle R., Delecluse H. J., Bousset K., Hammerschmidt W., Schepers A., The EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) enhances B cell immortalization several thousandfold Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2003 100 19 10989 10994 (Pubitemid 37140140)
78. Wilson J. B., Bell J. L., Levine A. J., Expression of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 induces B cell neoplasia in transgenic mice EMBO Journal 1996 15 12 3117 3126 (Pubitemid 26187759)
79. Komano J., Maruo S., Kurozumi K., Oda T., Takada K., Oncogenic role of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs in Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Akata Journal of Virology 1999 73 12 9827 9831
80. Takada K., Role of Epstein-Barr virus in Burkitt's lymphoma Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 2001 258 141 151 (Pubitemid 32574038)
81. Miller W. E., Earp H. S., Raab-Traub N., The Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 induces expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor Journal of Virology 1995 69 7 4390 4398
82. Nanbo A., Takada K., The role of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) in oncogenesis Reviews in Medical Virology 2002 12 5 321 326
83. Lo A. K. F., To K. F., Lo K. W., Lung R. W. M., Hui J. W. Y., Liao G., Hayward S. D., Modulation of LMP1 protein expression by EBV-encoded microRNAs Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 104 41 16164 16169 (Pubitemid 350099379)
84. Wang D., Liebowitz D., Kieff E., An EBV membrane protein expressed in immortalized lymphocytes transforms established rodent cells Cell 1985 43 3 831 840
85. Henderson S., Rowe M., Gregory C., Croom-Carter D., Wang F., Longnecker R., Kieff E., Rickinson A., Induction of bcl-2 expression by Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 protects infected B cells from programmed cell death Cell 1991 65 7 1107 1115 (Pubitemid 121001325)
86. De Thé G., Lenoir G., O'Conor G., Olweny C. L. M., Epstein-Barr virus and Burkitt's lymphoma worldwide: the casual relationship revisited A Human Cancer Model, Burkitts Lymphoma 1985 IARC 165 175 IARC Scientific Publication No. 60
87. Greenwood B. M., Possible role of a B cell mitogen in hypergammaglobulinaemia in malaria and trypanosomiasis Lancet 1974 1 7855 435 436
88. Lam K. M. C., Syed N., Whittle H., Crawford D. H., Circulating Epstein-Barr virus-carrying B cells in acute malaria Lancet 1991 337 8746 876 878
89. Whittle H. C., Brown J., Marsh K., Blackman M., Jobe O., Shenton F., The effects of Plasmodium falciparum malaria on immune control of B lymphocytes in Gambian children Clinical and Experimental Immunology 1990 80 2 213 218 (Pubitemid 20147718)
90. Haddow A. J., An improved map for the study of Burkitts lymphoma syndrome in Africa East African Medical Journal 1963 40 429 432
91. Haddow A. J., Burkitt D. P., Wright D. H., Epidemiological evidence suggesting an infective element in the aetiology of Burkitts lymphoma Burkitts Lymphoma 1970 chapter 18 Edinburgh, UK Churchill Livingstone 198 209
92. Goma L. K., The environmental background to cases of Burkitt's lymphoma syndrome in Uganda East African Medical Journal 1965 42 62 66
93. Pialoux G., Gazre B.-A., Jauréguiberry S., Strobel M., Chikungunya, an epidemic arbovirosis The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2007 7 5 319 327 (Pubitemid 46613868)
94. Chapin J. P., Ecological aspects of bird distribution in Tropical Africa The American Naturalist 1923 62 649 106 125
95. Williams E. H., Day N. E., Geser A. G., Seasonal variation in onset of Burkitt's lymphoma in the West Nile District of Uganda Lancet 1974 2 7871 19 22
96. Morrow R. H., Kisuule A., Pike M. C., Smith P. G., Burkitt's lymphoma in the Mengo districts of Uganda: epidemiologic features and their relationship to malaria Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1976 56 3 479 483
97. Williams E. H., Spit P., Pike M. C., Further evidence of space-time clustering of Burkitt's lymphoma patients in the West Nile District of Uganda British Journal of Cancer 1969 23 2 235 246
98. Williams E. H., Smith P. G., Day N. E., Space-time clustering of Burkitt's lymphoma in the West Nile district of Uganda: 19611975 British Journal of Cancer 1978 37 1 109 122 (Pubitemid 8261453)
99. Rainey J. J., Mwanda W. O., Wairiumu P., Moormann A. M., Wilson M. L., Rochford R., Spatial distribution of Burkitt's lymphoma in Kenya and association with malaria risk Tropical Medicine and International Health 2007 12 8 936 943 (Pubitemid 47245827)
100. Wright N. J., Hesseling P. B., McCormick P., Tchintseme F., The incidence, clustering and characteristics of Burkitt lymphoma in the Northwest province of Cameroon Tropical Doctor 2009 39 4 228 230
101. Pike M. C., Williams E. H., Wright B., Burkitt's tumour in the West Nile District Uganda, 1961-5 British Medical Journal 1967 2 549 395 399
102. Morrow R. H., Pike M. C., Smith P. G., Ziegler J. L., Kisuule A., Burkitt's lymphoma: a time-space cluster of cases in Bwamba County of Uganda British Medical Journal 1971 2 760 491 492
103. Siemiatycki J., Brubaker G., Geser A., Space-time clustering of Burkitt's lymphoma in East Africa: analysis of recent data and a new look at old data International Journal of Cancer 1980 25 2 197 203 (Pubitemid 10217392)
104. Van den Bosch C., Hills M., Kazembe P., Dziweni C., Kadzamira L., Time-space case clusters of Burkitt's lymphoma in Malawi Leukemia 1993 7 11 1875 1878 (Pubitemid 23347309)
105. Morrow R. H., Pike M. C., Smith P. G., Further studies of space time clustering of Burkitt's lymphoma in Uganda British Journal of Cancer 1977 35 5 668 673 (Pubitemid 8107832)
106. Lubega J., T-helper I versus T-helper 2 lymphocyte immunodysregulation is the central factor in genesis of Burkitt lymphoma: hypothesis Infectious Agents and Cancer 2007 2 1, article no. 10
107. Araujo I., Foss H. D., Bittencourt A., Hummel M., Demel G., Mendonca N., Herbst H., Stein H., Expression of Epstein-Barr virus gene products in Burkitt's lymphoma in Northeast Brazil Blood 1996 87 12 5279 5286 (Pubitemid 26189871)
108. Haddow A. J., Age incidence in Burkitts lymphoma syndrome East African Medical Journal 1964 41 1 6
109. Simpson D. I. H., Goma L. K. H., Williams E. H., The West Nile survey East African Virus Research Institute Report 1964 13 36 39
110. Dean A. G., Williams E. H., Attobua G., Clinical events suggesting Herpes simplex infection before onset of Burkitt's lymphoma: a case control study in West Nile, Uganda Lancet 1973 2 7840 1225 1228
111. Williams M. C., Simpson D. I. H., Woodhall J. P., Work on Burkitts lymphoma syndrome-antibody studies using BUN East African Virus Research Institute Report 1964 13 40
112. Powers A. M., Brault A. C., Tesh R. B., Weaver S. C., Re-emergence of chikungunya and o'nyong-nyong viruses: Evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships Journal of General Virology 2000 81 2 471 479 (Pubitemid 30077291)
113. Rwaguma E. B., Lutwama J. J., Sempala S. D., Kiwanuka N., Kamugisha J., Okware S., Bagambisa G., Lanciotti R., Roehrig J. T., Gubler D. J., Emergence of epidemic O'nyong-nyong fever in southwestern Uganda, after an absence of 35 years Emerging Infectious Diseases 1997 3 1 77
114. Powers A. M., Logue C. H., Changing patterns of chikungunya virus: re-emergence of a zoonotic arbovirus Journal of General Virology 2007 88 9 2363 2377 (Pubitemid 47323881)
115. Weaver S. C., Reisen W. K., Present and future arboviral threats Antiviral Research 2010 85 2 328 345
116. Senn N., Luang-Suarkia D., Manong D., Siba P. M., McBride W. J. H., Contribution of dengue fever to the burden of acute febrile illnesses in Papua New Guinea: an age-specific prospective study American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2011 85 1 132 137
117. Filipe A. R., Pinto M. R., Arbovirus studies in Luanda, Angola. 2. Virological and serological studies during an outbreak of dengue like disease caused by the Chikungunya virus Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1973 49 1 37 40
118. Raheel U., Faheem M., Riaz M. N., Kanwal N., Javed F., Sadaf Zaidi N. S., Qadri I., Dengue fever in the Indian subcontinent: an overview Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2011 5 4 239 247
119. Jeandel P., Josse R., Durand J. P., Exotic viralarthritis: Role of alphavirus Medecine Tropicale 2004 64 1 81 88 (Pubitemid 46420170)
120. Griffin D. E., Byrnes A. P., Cook S. B., Calisher C. H., Griffin D. E., Emergence and virulence of encephalitogenic arboviruses Emergence and Control of Zoonotic Viral Encephalitides 2004 New York, NY, USA Springer
121. Arpino C., Curatolo P., Rezza G., Chikungunya and the nervous system: what we do and do not know Reviews in Medical Virology 2009 19 3 121 129
122. Hoarau J. J., Bandjee M. C. J., Trotot P. K., Das T., Li-Pat-Yuen G., Dassa B., Denizot M., Guichard E., Ribera A., Henni T., Tallet F., Moiton M. P., Gauzre B. A., Bruniquet S., Bandjee Z. J., Morbidelli P., Martigny G., Jolivet M., Gay F., Grandadam M., Tolou H., Vieillard V., Debré P., Autran B., Gasque P., Persistent chronic inflammation and infection by Chikungunya arthritogenic alphavirus in spite of a robust host immune response Journal of Immunology 2010 184 10 5914 5927
123. Gérardin P., Fianu A., Malvy D., Mussard C., Boussad K., Rollot O., Michault A., Gazere B. -A., Bréart G., Favier F., Perceived morbidity and community burden after a Chikungunya outbreak: the TELECHIK survey, a population-based cohort study BMC Medicine 2011 9, article 5
124. Al-Hazmi M., Ayoola E. A., Abdurahman M., Banzal S., Ashraf J., El-Bushra A., Hazmi A., Abdullah M., Abbo H., Elamin A., Al-Sammani E. T., Gadour M., Menon C., Hamza M., Rahim I., Hafez M., Jambavalikar M., Arishi H., Aqeel A., Epidemic Rift Valley fever in Saudi Arabia: a clinical study of severe illness in humans Clinical Infectious Diseases 2003 36 3 245 252 (Pubitemid 36169657)
125. LaBeaud A. D., Bashir F., King C. H., Measuring the burden of arboviral diseases: the spectrum of morbidity and mortality from four prevalent infections Population Health Metrics 2011 9, article 1
126. Griffin D. E., Arboviruses and the central nervous system Springer Seminars in Immunopathology 1995 17 2-3 121 132
127. Kuno G., Persistence of arboviruses and antiviral antibodies in vertebrate hosts: its occurrence and impacts Reviews in Medical Virology 2001 11 3 165 190 (Pubitemid 32510201)
128. Padnos M., Molomut N., Hofer R., Antibody formation in mice with viral lymphopaenia Federation Proceedings 1969 28 430
129. Thangamani S., Higgs S., Ziegler S., Vanlandingham D., Tesh R., Wikel S., Host immune response to mosquito-transmitted chikungunya virus differs from that elicited by needle inoculated virus PLoS One 2010 5 8
130. Monath T. P., Strickland G. T., Viral febrile illnesses: Chikungunya Fever Hunters Tropical Medicine 1984 6th chapter 18.3 Philadelphia, Pa, USA W.B.Saunders 149 151
131. Mangada M. N. M., Igarashi A., Molecular and in vitro analysis of eight dengue type 2 viruses isolated from patients exhibiting different disease severities Virology 1998 244 2 458 466 (Pubitemid 28384107)
132. Dong T., Moran E., Chau N. V., Simmons C., Luhn K., Peng Y., Wills B., Dung N. P., Thao L. T. T., Hien T. T., McMichael A., Farrar J., Rowland-Jones S., High pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and loss of high avidity cross-reactive cytotoxic T-cells during the course of secondary dengue virus infection PLoS One 2007 2 12
133. Vaughn D. W., Green S., Kalayanarooj S., Innis B. L., Nimmannitya S., Suntayakorn S., Endy T. P., Raengsakulrach B., Rothman A. L., Ennis F. A., Nisalak A., Dengue viremia titer, antibody response pattern, and virus serotype correlate with disease severity Journal of Infectious Diseases 2000 181 1 2 9 (Pubitemid 30049026)
134. Agapov E. V., Frolov I., Lindenbach B. D., Prgai B. M., Schlesinger S., Rice C. M., Noncytopathic sindbis virus RNA vectors for heterologous gene expression Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 95 22 12989 12994 (Pubitemid 28509511)
135. Talsma S. S., Babensee J. E., Murthy N., Williams I. R., Development and in vitro validation of a targeted delivery vehicle for DNA vaccines Journal of Controlled Release 2006 112 2 271 279
136. Louz D., Bergmans H. E., Loos B. P., Hoeben R. C., Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines Journal of Gene Medicine 2005 7 10 1263 1274 (Pubitemid 41555433)
137. Precious S. W., Webb H. E., Bowen E. T. W., Isolation and persistence of Chikungunya virus in cultures of mouse brain cells Journal of General Virology 1974 23 3 271 279
138. Vernon P. S., Griffin D. E., Characterization of an in vitro model of alphavirus infection of immature and mature neurons Journal of Virology 2005 79 6 3438 3447 (Pubitemid 40327932)
139. Williams B., Tumor induction by viruses isolated from Mansonia africana African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 1981 10 1-2 19 27 (Pubitemid 12060118)
140. Bell T. M., Massie A., Ross M. G. R., Williams M. C., Isolation of a reovirus from a case of Burkitt's lymphoma British Medical Journal 1964 1 1212 1213
141. Bell T. M., Massie A., Ross M. G., Simpson D. I., Griffin E., Further isolations of reovirus type 3 from cases of Burkitt's lymphoma British Medical Journal 1966 5502 1514 1517
142. Bell T. M., Viruses associated with Burkitt's tumor Progress in Medical Virology 1967 9 1 34
143. Munube G. M., Bell T. M., Tukei P. M., Smith P. G., Sero-epidemiology of reovirus type 3 infections in four areas of Uganda with varying incidence of Burkitt's tumour East African Medical Journal 1972 49 5 369 375
144. Bell T. M., Munube G. M., Wright D. H., Malignant lymphoma in a rabbit inoculated with reovirus Lancet 1968 1 7549 955 957
145. Bell T. M., Munube G. M., Wright D. H., Malignant lymphoma in a rabbit inoculated with reovirus Lancet 1968 1 7549 955 957
146. Stanley N. F., Walters M. N., Leak P. J., Keast D., The association of murine lymphoma with reovirus type 3 infection Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 1966 121 1 90 93
147. Keast D., Stanley N. F., Studies on a murine lymphoma induced by reovirus type 3: some general aspects of the lymphoma 2731/L Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 1966 122 4 1091 1098
148. Joske R. A., Leak P. J., Papadimitriou J. M., Stanley N. F., Walters M. N., Murine infection with reovirus. IV. Late chronic disease and the induction of lymphoma after reovirus type 3 infection British Journal of Experimental Pathology 1966 47 4 337 346
149. Levy J. A., Huebner R. J., Association of murine leukaemia virus from a Mouse lymphoma (2731/L) with reovirus Type 3 infection Nature 1970 225 5236 949 950
150. Tanaka S., Southam C. M., Joint action of West Nile virus and chemical carcinogens in production of papillomas in mice Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1962 29 711 722
151. MacNeil A., Sumba O. P., Lutzke M. L., Moormann A., Rochford R., Activation of the Epstein-Barr virus lytic cycle by the latex of the plant Euphorbia tirucalli British Journal of Cancer 2003 88 10 1566 1569 (Pubitemid 36713783)
152. Ito Y., Epstein M. A., Achong B. G., Vegetable activators of the viral genome and the Causations of Burkitt's lymphoma and Nasopharyngeal carcinoma The Epstein-Barr Virus: Recent Advances 1986 Chapter 8 London, UK William Heinemann 207 237
153. Schmaljohn AL, McClain D., Baron S., Alphaviruses (Togaviridae) and Flaviviruses (Flaviviridae) Medical Microbiology 1996 4th Chapter 54 Galveston, Tex, USA University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
154. Lauer G. M., Walker B. D., Hepatitis C virus infection New England Journal of Medicine 2001 345 1 41 52 (Pubitemid 32634271)
155. Robertson B., Myers G., Howard C., Brettin T., Bukh J., Gaschen B., Gojobori T., Maertens G., Mizokami M., Nainan O., Netesov S., Nishioka K., Shin-i T., Simmonds P., Smith D., Stuyver L., Weiner A., Classification, nomenclature, and database development for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related viruses: proposals for standardization Archives of Virology 1998 143 12 2493 2503 (Pubitemid 29022697)
156. Simmonds P., The origin and evolution of hepatitis viruses in humans Journal of General Virology 2001 82 4 693 712 (Pubitemid 32280027)
157. Giannoulis E., Economopoulos T., Mandraveli K., Giannoulis K., Nikolaides C., Zervou E., Papageorgiou E., Zoulas D., Tourkantonis A., Giannopoulos G., Fountzilas G., The prevalence of hepatitis C and hepatitis G virus infection in patients with B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas in Greece: a Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group study Acta Haematologica 2004 112 4 189 193 (Pubitemid 39541263)
158. Wiwanitkit V., Individuals with HGV-RNA are at high risk of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma development Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2005 6 2 215 216
159. Zuckerman E., Zuckerman T., Levine A. M., Douer D., Gutekunst K., Mizokami M., Qian D. G., Velankar M., Nathwani B. N., Fong T. L., Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma Annals of Internal Medicine 1997 127 6 423 428 (Pubitemid 27400904)
160. Mccoll M. D., Singer I. O., Tait R. C., McNeil I. R. R., Cumming R. L. C., Hogg R. B., The role of hepatitis C virus in the aetiology of non-Hodgkins lymphomaa regional association? Leukemia and Lymphoma 1997 26 1-2 127 130 (Pubitemid 27351016)
161. Mazzaro C., Zagonel V., Monfardini S., Tulissi P., Pussini E., Fanni M., Sorio R., Bortolus R., Crovatto M., Santini G., Tiribelli C., Sasso F., Masutti R., Pozzato G., Hepatitis C virus and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas British Journal of Haematology 1996 94 3 544 550 (Pubitemid 26284082)
162. Zignego A. L., Giannini C., Ferri C., Hepatitis C virus-related lymphoproliferative disorders: an overview World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007 13 17 2467 2478 (Pubitemid 46929503)
163. King P. D., Wilkes J. D., Diaz-Arias A. A., Hepatitis C virus infection in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Clinical and Laboratory Haematology 1998 20 2 107 110 (Pubitemid 28206942)
164. Kuroda J., Omoto A., Fujiki H., Okugawa K., Tamai H., Yamagishi H., Kobayashi Y., Yoshikawa T., Primary hepatic Burkitt's lymphoma with chronic hepatitis C Acta Haematologica 2001 105 4 237 240 (Pubitemid 32786173)
165. Kuroda J., Kimura S., Akaogi T., Hayashi H., Abe T., Kobayashi Y., Kondo M., Primary cardiac lymphoma with variant Burkitt-type translocation, t(8;22)(q24;q11) American Journal of Hematology 2000 65 4 327 328
166. Unholzer A., Starz H., Hirschsteiner O., Balda B.-R., Gingival Burkitt lymphoma in a hepatitis C-positive renal transplant patient Journal of the German Society of Dermatology 2005 3 1 46 51 (Pubitemid 40175158)
167. Machida K., Cheng K. T. H., Sung V. M. H., Levine A. M., Foung S., Lai M. M. C., Hepatitis C virus induces toll-like receptor 4 expression, leading to enhanced production of beta interferon and interleukin-6 Journal of Virology 2006 80 2 866 874 (Pubitemid 43062898)
168. Sansonno D., Carbone A., De Re V., Dammacco F., Hepatitis C virus infection, cryoglobulinaemia, and beyond Rheumatology 2007 46 4 572 578 (Pubitemid 46523298)
169. Nieters A., Kallinowski B., Brennan P., Ott M., Maynadié M., Benavente Y., Foretova L., Cocco P. L., Staines A., Vornanen M., Whitby D., Boffetta P., Becker N., De Sanjosé S., Hepatitis C and risk of lymphoma: results of the European Multicenter Case-Control Study EPILYMPH Gastroenterology 2006 131 6 1879 1886 (Pubitemid 44958516)
170. Machida K., Cheng K. T.-H., Sung V. M.-H., Lee K. J., Levine A. M., Lai M. M. C., Hepatitis C virus infection activates the immunologic (type II) isoform of nitric oxide synthase and thereby enhances DNA damage and mutations of cellular genes Journal of Virology 2004 78 16 8835 8843 (Pubitemid 39025148)
171. Machida K., Cheng K. T. N., Sung V. M. H., Shimodaira S., Lindsay K. L., Levinet A. M., Lai M. Y., Lai M. M. C., Hepatitis C virus induces a mutator phenotype: enhanced mutations of immunoglobulin and protooncogenes Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2004 101 12 4262 4267 (Pubitemid 38405917)
172. Machida K., McNamara G., Cheng K. T. H., Huang J., Wang C. H., Comai L., Ou J. H. J., Lai M. M. C., Hepatitis C virus inhibits DNA damage repair through reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and by interfering with the ATM-NBS1/Mre11/Rad50 DNA repair pathway in monocytes and hepatocytes Journal of Immunology 2010 185 11 6985 6998
173. Machida K., Liu J. C., McNamara G., Levine A., Duan L., Lai M. M. C., Hepatitis C virus causes uncoupling of mitotic checkpoint and chromosomal polyploidy through the Rb pathway Journal of Virology 2009 83 23 12590 12600
174. Sakamuro D., Furukawa T., Takegami T., Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein NS3 transforms NIH 3T3 cells Journal of Virology 1995 69 6 3893 3896
175. Wu C. G., Budhu A., Chen S., Zhou X., Popescu N. C., Valerie K., Wang X. W., Effect of hepatitis C virus core protein on the molecular profiling of human B lymphocytes Molecular Medicine 2006 12 13 47 53 (Pubitemid 44128377)
176. Kasprzak A., Adamek A., Role of hepatitis C virus proteins (C, NS3, NS5A) in hepatic oncogenesis Hepatology Research 2008 38 1 1 26 (Pubitemid 350182573)
177. Chung Y. L., Sheu M. L., Yen S. H., Hepatitis C virus NS5A as a potential viral Bcl-2 homologue interacts with Bax and inhibits apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma International Journal of Cancer 2003 107 1 65 73
178. Lan K. H., Sheu M. L., Hwang S. J., Yen S. H., Chen S. Y., Wu J. C., Wang Y. J., Kato N., Omata M., Chang F. Y., Lee S. D., HCV NS5A interacts with p53 and inhibits p53-mediated apoptosis Oncogene 2002 21 31 4801 4811 (Pubitemid 34879455)
179. Sugalski J. M., Rodriguez B., Moir S., Anthony D. D., Peripheral blood B cell subset skewing is associated with altered cell cycling and intrinsic resistance to apoptosis and reflects a state of immune activation in chronic hepatitis C Virus infection Journal of Immunology 2010 185 5 3019 3027
180. Chen Z., Zhu Y., Ren Y., Tong Y., Hua X., Zhu F., Huang L., Liu Y., Luo Y., Lu W., Zhao P., Qi Z., Hepatitis C virus protects human B lymphocytes from fas-mediated apoptosis via E2-CD81 engagement PLoS One 2011 6 4
181. Horcajada J. P., Garca-Bengoechea M., Cilla G., Etxaniz P., Cuadrado E., Arenas J. I., Mixed cryoglobulinaemia in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection: prevalence, significance and relationship with different viral genotypes Annals of Medicine 1999 31 5 352 358 (Pubitemid 29497697)
182. Zignego A. L., Ferri C., Giannelli F., Giannini C., Caini P., Monti M., Marrocchi M. E., Di Pietro E., La Villa G., Laffi G., Gentilini P., Prevalence of bcl-2 rearrangement in patients with hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia with or without B-cell lymphomas Annals of Internal Medicine 2002 137 7 571 580
183. Franzin F., Efremov D. G., Pozzato G., Tulissi P., Batista F., Burrone O. R., Clonal B-cell expansions in peripheral blood of HCV-infected patients British Journal of Haematology 1995 90 3 548 552
184. Dammacco F., Gatti P., Sansonno D., Hepatitis C virus infection, mixed cryoglobulinemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: an emerging picture Leukemia and Lymphoma 1998 31 5-6 463 476 (Pubitemid 29050588)
185. De Re V., De Vita S., Marzotto A., Rupolo M., Gloghini A., Pivetta B., Gasparotto D., Carbone A., Boiocchi M., Sequence analysis of the immunoglobulin antigen receptor of hepatitis C virusassociated non-Hodgkin lymphomas suggests that the malignant cells are derived from the rheumatoid factornproducing cells that occur mainly in type II cryoglobulinemia Blood 2000 96 10 3578 3584
186. Andreone P., Zignego A. L., Cursaro C., Gramenzi A., Gherlinzoni F., Fiorino S., Giannini C., Boni P., Sabattini E., Pileri S., Tura S., Bernardi M., Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathies in patients with hepatitis C virus infection Annals of Internal Medicine 1998 129 4 294 298 (Pubitemid 28394574)
187. Ivanovski M., Silvestri F., Pozzato G., Anand S., Mazzaro C., Burrone O. R., Efremov D. G., Somatic hypermutation, clonal diversity, and preferential expression of the V(H) 51p1/V(L) kv325 immunoglobulin gene combination in hepatitis C virus-associated immunocytomas Blood 1998 91 7 2433 2442 (Pubitemid 28155518)
188. De Re V., De Vita S., Marzotto A., Gloghini A., Pivetta B., Gasparotto D., Cannizzaro R., Carbone A., Boiocchi M., Pre-malignant and malignant lymphoproliferations in an HCV-infected type II mixed cryoglobulinemic patient are sequential phases of an antigen-driven pathological process International Journal of Cancer 2000 87 2 211 216 (Pubitemid 30434347)
189. Giannelli F., Moscarella S., Giannini C., Caini P., Monti M., Gragnani L., Romanelli R. G., Solazzo V., Laffi G., La Villa G., Gentilini P., Zignego A. L., Effect of antiviral treatment in patients with chronic HCV infection and t(14;18) translocation Blood 2003 102 4 1196 1201 (Pubitemid 36988022)
190. Zuckerman E., Zuckerman T., Sahar D., Streichman S., Attias D., Sabo E., Yeshurun D., Rowe J. M., The effect of antiviral therapy on t(14;18) translocation and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection Blood 2001 97 6 1555 1559 (Pubitemid 32217215)
191. Hermine O., Lefrre F., Bronowicki J. P., Mariette X., Jondeau K., Eclache-Saudreau V., Delmas B., Valensi F., Cacoub P., Brechot C., Varet B., Troussard X., Regression of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes after treatment of hepatitis C virus infection New England Journal of Medicine 2002 347 2 89 94 (Pubitemid 34753478)
192. Akhter S., Liu H., Prabhu R., DeLucca C., Bastian F., Garry R. F., Schwartz M., Thung S. N., Dash S., Epstein-Barr virus and human hepatocellular carcinoma Cancer Letters 2003 192 1 49 57 (Pubitemid 36287660)
193. Sugawara Y., Makuuchi M., Kato N., Shimotohno K., Takada K., Enhancement of hepatitis C virus replication by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigen 1 EMBO Journal 1999 18 20 5755 5760 (Pubitemid 29486393)
194. Souza T. A., Stollar B. D., Sullivan J. L., Luzuriaga K., Thorley-Lawson D. A., Influence of EBV on the peripheral blood memory B cell compartment Journal of Immunology 2007 179 5 3153 3160
195. Oliver M., Grandadam M., Marimoutou C., Rogier C., Botelho-Nevers E., Tolou H., Moalic J. L., Kraemer P., Morillons M., Morand J. J., Jeandel P., Parola P., Simon F., Persisting mixed cryoglobulinemia in Chikungunya infection PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2009 3 2, article no. e374
196. Green S., Vaughn D. W., Kalayanarooj S., Nimmannitya S., Suntayakorn S., Nisalak A., Lew R., Innis B. L., Kurane I., Rothman A. L., Ennis F. A., Early immune activation in acute dengue illness is related to development of plasma leakage and disease severity Journal of Infectious Diseases 1999 179 4 755 762 (Pubitemid 29159319)
197. Green S., Vaughn D. W., Kalayanarooj S., Nimmannitya S., Suntayakorn S., Nisalak A., Rothman A. L., Ennis F. A., Elevated plasma interleukin-10 levels in acute dengue correlate with disease severity Journal of Medical Virology 1999 59 3 329 334 (Pubitemid 29468075)
198. Hammond S. N., Balmaseda A., Pérez L., Tellez Y., Saboro S. I., Mercado J. C., Videa E., Rodriguez Y., Pérez M. A., Cuadra R., Solano S., Rocha J., Idiaquez W., Gonzalez A., Harris E., Silva S., Rocha C., Differences in dengue severity in infants, children, and adults in a 3-year hospital-based study in Nicaragua American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2005 73 6 1063 1070 (Pubitemid 43038255)
199. Burke D. S., Nisalak A., Johnson D. E., Scott R. M., A prospective study of dengue infections in Bangkok American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1988 38 1 172 180 (Pubitemid 18036130)
200. Markoff L., Mandell G. L., Bennett J. E., Dolin R., Togaviridae: Alphaviruses Mandell, Douglas and Bennett, Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 1995 2 4th Chapter 129 Churchill Livingstone 1455 1459
201. Monath T. P., Mandell G. L., Bennett J. E., Dolin R., Flavividae: Flaviviruses (Yellow Fever, Dengue, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, St Louis Encephalitis, Tick-borne Encephalitis) Mandell, Douglas and Bennett, Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 1995 2 4th Chapter 129 Churchill Livingstone 1465 1474
202. Davies J. M., Molecular mimicry: can epitope mimicry induce autoimmune disease? Immunology and Cell Biology 1997 75 2 113 126 (Pubitemid 27191851)
203. Demanou M., Antonio-Nkondjio C., Ngapana E., Rousset D., Paupy C., Manuguerra J. C., Zeller H., Chikungunya outbreak in a rural area of Western Cameroon in 2006: a retrospective serological and entomological survey BMC Research Notes 2010 3, article no. 128
204. Burkitt D. P., The discovery of Burkitt's lymphoma Cancer 1983 51 10 1777 1786 (Pubitemid 13093941)
205. Rezza G., Nicoletti L., Angelini R., Romi R., Finarelli A., Panning M., Cordioli P., Fortuna C., Boros S., Magurano F., Silvi G., Angelini P., Dottori M., Ciufolini M., Majori G., Cassone A., Infection with chikungunya virus in Italy: an outbreak in a temperate region Lancet 2007 370 9602 1840 1846 (Pubitemid 350180033)
206. Angelini R., Finarelli A. C., Angelini P., Po C., Petropulacos K., Silvi G., Macini P., Fortuna C., Venturi G., Magurano F., Fiorentini C., Marchi A., Benedetti E., Bucci P., Boros S., Romi R., Majori G., Ciufolini M. G., Nicoletti L., Rezza G., Cassone A., Chikungunya in north-eastern Italy: a summing up of the outbreak Euro Surveillance 2007 12 11