Potential benefits from deeply inserted cochlear implant electrodes

Ear and Hearing

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 411-427

  Boyd, Paul J ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b Elm House Hearing and Balance Centre   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COCHLEA PROSTHESIS; ELECTRODE; HEARING IMPAIRMENT; HUMAN; IMPLANTATION; METHODOLOGY; REVIEW;

COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION; COCHLEAR IMPLANTS; DEAFNESS; ELECTRODES, IMPLANTED; HUMANS;

EID: 79959839784     PISSN: 01960202     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3182064bda     Document Type: Review

References (107)

1. Abbas, P. J., Hughes, M. L., Brown, C. J., et al. (2004). Channel interaction in cochlear implant users evaluated using the electrically evoked compound action potential. Audiol Neurotol, 9, 203-213. (Pubitemid 38812968)
2. Adunka, O. F., Gstoettner, W., Hambek, M., et al. (2004). Preservation of basal inner ear structures in cochlear implantation. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec, 66, 306-312. (Pubitemid 40187063)
3. Adunka, O., & Kiefer, J. (2006). Impact of electrode insertion depth on intracochlear trauma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 135, 374-382. (Pubitemid 44292963)
4. Adunka, O. F., Pillsbury, H. C, Adunka, M. C, et al. (2010). Is electric acoustic stimulation better than conventional cochlear implantation for speech perception in quiet? Otol Neurotol, 31, 1049-1054.
5. Arnoldner, C., Riss, D., Baumgartner, W. D., et al. (2007a). Cochlear implant channel separation and its influence on speech perception - Implications for a new electrode design. Audiol Neurootol, 12, 313-324. (Pubitemid 47236972)
6. Arnoldner, C., Riss, D., Brunner, M., et al. (2007b). Speech and music perception with the new fine structure speech coding strategy: Preliminary results. Acta Otolaryngol, 127:1298-1303. (Pubitemid 350175283)
7. Aschendorff, A., Kromeier, J., Klenzner, T., et al. (2007). Quality control after insertion of the Nucleus Contour and Countour Advance electrodes in adults. Ear Hear, 28:75S-79S. (Pubitemid 46673666)
8. Baskent, D., & Shannon, R. V. (2003). Speech recognition under conditions of frequency-place compression and expansion. JAcoust Soc Am, 113, 2064-2076. (Pubitemid 36389945)
9. Baskent, D., & Shannon, R. V. (2004). Frequency-place compression and expansion in cochlear implant listeners. JAcoust Soc Am, 116, 3130-3140. (Pubitemid 39575558)
10. Baskent, D., & Shannon, R. V. (2005). Interactions between cochlear implant electrode insertion depth and frequency-place mapping. J Acoust Soc Am, 117, 1405-1416. (Pubitemid 40358009)
11. Baumann, U., & Nobbe, A. (2004). Pitch ranking with deeply inserted electrode arrays. Ear Hear, 25, 275-283. (Pubitemid 38736309)
12. Baumann, U., & Nobbe, A. (2006). The cochlear implant electrode-pitch function. Hear Res, 213, 34-42. (Pubitemid 43356626)
13. Biedron, S., Prescher, A., Ilgner, J., et al. (2010). The internal dimensions of the cochlear scalae with special reference to cochlear electrode insertion trauma. Otol Neurotol, 31, 731-737.
14. Blamey, P. J., Dooley, G. J., Parisi, E. S., et al. (1996). Pitch comparisons of acoustically and electrically evoked auditory sensations. Ear Hear, 99, 139-150. (Pubitemid 26422860)
15. Blamey, P. J., Pyman, B. C, Gordon, M., et al. (1992). Factors predicting postoperative sentence scores in postlinguistically deaf adult cochlear implant patients. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 101, 342-348.
16. Boex, C., Baud, L., Cosendai, G., et al. (2006). Acoustic to electric pitch comparisons in cochlear implant subjects with residual hearing. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 7, 110-124. (Pubitemid 43800621)
17. Briaire, J. J., & Frijns, J. H. M. (2005). Unravelling the electrically-evoked compound action potential. Hear Res, 205, 143-156. (Pubitemid 40813279)
18. Briaire, J. J., & Frijns, J. H. M. (2006). The consequences of neural degeneration regarding optimal cochlear implant position in scala tympani: A model approach. Hear Res, 214, 17-27.
19. Briggs, R., Tycocinski, M., Saunders, E., et al. (2001). Surgical implications of perimodiolar cochlear implant design: Avoiding intracochlear damage and scala vestibuli insertion. Cochlear Implants Int, 2, 135-149.
20. Brill, S. M., Gstottner, W., Helms, J., et al. (1997). Optimization of channel number and stimulation rate for the fast continuous interleaved sampling strategy in the COMBI 40+. Am J Otol, 18 (6 suppl), S104-S106. (Pubitemid 27512643)
21. Carlyon, R. P., Macherey, O., Frijns, J. H., et al. (2010). Pitch comparisons between electrical stimulation of a cochlear implant and acoustic stimuli presented to a normal-hearing contralateral ear. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 11, 625-640.
22. Clark, G. M., & Tong, Y. C. (1981). Multiple electrode cochlear implant for profound or total hearing loss: A review. Med JAust, 1, 428-429. (Pubitemid 11041478)
23. Cohen, N. (1997). Cochlear implant soft surgery: fact or fantasy? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 117, 214-216. (Pubitemid 27426273)
24. Collins, L. M., Zwolan, T. A., Wakefield, G. H. (1997). Comparison of electrode discrimination, pitch ranking and pitch scaling in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant subjects. J Acoust Soc Am, 101, 440-455. (Pubitemid 27026656)
25. Czerny, C., Steiner, E., Gstoettner, W., et al. (1997). Postoperative radiographic assessment of the Combi 40 cochlear implant. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 169, 1689-1694. (Pubitemid 127469805)
26. Deman, P. R., Kaiser, T. M., Dirckx, J. J., et al. (2003). Design, construction and mechanical optimisation process of electrode with radial current flow in the scala tympani. J Neurosci Methods, 128, 143-150. (Pubitemid 37013558)
27. Deman, P. R., van Djik, B., Officiers, F. E., et al. (2004). Pitch estimation of a deeply inserted cochlear implant electrode. Int J Audiol, 43, 363-368. (Pubitemid 38821614)
28. Dorman, M. F., Spahr, A., Gifford, R., et al. (2007). An electric frequencyto-place map for a cochlear implant with hearing in the nonimplanted ear. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 8, 234-240. (Pubitemid 46661565)
29. Di Nardo, W. D., Cantore, I., Marchese, M. R., et al. (2008). Electric to acoustic pitch matching: A possible way to improve individual cochlear implant fitting. Eur Arch Otothinolaryngol, 265, 1321-1328.
30. Dorman, M. F., & Gifford, R. H. (2010). Combining acoustic and electric stimulation in the service of speech recognition. Int J Audiol, 49, 912-919.
31. Eisen, M. D., & Franck, K. H. (2005). Electrode interactions in pediatric cochlear implant subjects. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 6, 160-170. (Pubitemid 40884714)
32. Erixon, E., Hogstorp, H., Wadin, K., et al. (2009). Variational anatomy of the human cochlea: Implications for cochlear implantation. Otol Neurotol, 30, 14-22.
33. Escude, B., James, C., Deguine, O., et al. (2006). The size of the cochlea and predictions of insertion depth angles for cochlear implant electrodes. Audiol Neurotol, 11(suppl 1), 27-33. (Pubitemid 44629840)
34. Faulkner, A., Rosen, S., Stanton, D. (2003). Simulations of tonotopically mapped speech processors for cochlear implant electrodes varying in insertion depth. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 113, 1073-1080. (Pubitemid 36240733)
35. Finley, C. C, Holden, T. A., Holden, L. K., et al. (2008). Role of electrode placement as a contributor to variability in cochlear implant outcomes. Otol Neurotol, 29, 920-928.
36. Franz, B. K., Clark, G. M., Bloom, D. M. (1987). Surgical anatomy of the round window with special reference to cochlear implantation. J Laryngol Otol, 101, 97-102. (Pubitemid 17009558)
37. Fu, Q.-J., & Shannon, R. V. (1999). Effects of electrode configuration and frequency allocation on vowel recognition with the Nucleus 22 cochlear implant. Ear Hear, 20, 332-344. (Pubitemid 29382373)
38. Gani, M., Valentini, G., Sigrist, A., et al. (2007). Implications of deep electrode insertion on cochlear implant fitting. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 8, 69-83. (Pubitemid 46214121)
39. Gantz, B. J., & Turner, C. W. (2003). Combining acoustic and electrical hearing. Laryngoscope, 113, 1726-1730. (Pubitemid 37210974)
40. Garnham, C, O'Driscoll, M., Ramsden, R., et al. (2002). Speech understanding in noise with a MED-EL COMBI 40+ cochlear implant using reduced channel sets. Ear Hear, 23, 540-552. (Pubitemid 35448636)
41. Glueckert, R., Pfaller, K., Kinnefors, A., et al. (2005). The human spiral ganglion: New insights into ultrastructure, survival rate and implications for cochlear implants. Audiol Neurotol, 10, 258-273. (Pubitemid 41159857)
42. Goupell, M. J., Laback, B., Majdak, P., et al. (2008). Effects of upperfrequency boundary and spectral warping on speech intelligibility in electrical stimulation. J Acoust Soc Am, 123, 2295-2309. (Pubitemid 351503003)
43. Greenwood, D. D. (1990). A cochlear frequency position function for several species-29 years later. J Acoust Soc Am, 87, 2592-2605. (Pubitemid 20289735)
44. Gstoettner, W., Plenk, H., Jr., Franz, P., et al. (1997). Cochlear implant deep electrode insertion: Extent of insertional trauma. Acta Otolaryngol, 117, 274-277. (Pubitemid 27151773)
45. Hamzavi, J., & Arnoldner, C. (2006). Effect of deep insertion of the cochlear implant electrode array on pitch estimation and speech perception. Acta Otolaryngol, 126, 1182-1187. (Pubitemid 44578892)
46. Henry, B. A., McKay, C. M., McDermott, H., et al. (2000). The relationship between speech perception and electrode discrimination in cochlear implantees. J Acoust Soc Am, 108, 1269-1280.
47. Hochmair, I., Arnold, W., Nopp, P., et al. (2003). Deep insertion in cochlear implants: Apical morphology, electrodes and speech perception results. Acta Otolaryngol, 123, 612-617. (Pubitemid 36831378)
48. Hochmair, I., Nopp, P., Jolly, C., et al. (2006). MED-EL Cochlear implants: State of the art and a glimpse into the future. Trends Amplif, 10, 201-219.
49. Hodges, A. V., Villasuso, E., Balkany, T., et al. (1999). Hearing results with deep insertion of cochlear implant electrodes. Am J Otol, 20, 53-55. (Pubitemid 29180057)
50. Huang, T. C., Reitzen, S. D., Marrinan, M. S., et al. (2006). Modiolar coiling, electrical thresholds, and speech perception after cochlear implantation using the Nucleus Contour Advance electrode with the Advance Off Stylet Technique. Otol Neurotol, 27, 159-166.
51. Hughes, M. L. (2008). A re-evaluation of the relation between physiological channel interaction and electrode pitch ranking in cochlear implants. J Acoust Soc Am, 124, 2711-2714.
52. Hughes, M. L., & Abbas, P. J. (2006). The relation between electrophysiological channel interaction and electrode pitch ranking in cochlear implant recipients. J Acoust Soc Am, 119, 1527-1537. (Pubitemid 43326022)
53. James, C., Blamey, P., Shallop, J. K. (2001). Contralateral masking in cochlear implant users with residual hearing in the non-implanted ear. Audiol Neurootol, 6, 87-97. (Pubitemid 32506951)
54. Joseph, G., Buchner, A., Jaeger, A., et al. (2006). Benefits of deep electrode insertion in post-lingually deafened CI users-A prospective long term study. Poster at 9th International Conference on Cochlear Implants, Vienna, Austria.
55. Kalkman, R. K., Briaire, J. J., Frijns, J. H. M. (2006). Implications of the oblique course of apical nerve fibers. 9th International Conference on Cochlear Implants, Vienna, June 2006.
56. Kiefer, J., Gstoettner, W., Baumgartner, W., et al. (2004). Conservation of low frequency hearing in cochlear implantation. Acta Otolaryngol, 124, 272-280. (Pubitemid 38580856)
57. Ketten, D. R., Skinner, M. W., Wang, G., et al. (1998). In vivo measures of cochlear length and insertion depth of Nucleus cochlear implant electrode arrays. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl, 175, 1-16. (Pubitemid 28523222)
58. Kewano, A., Seldon, H. L., Clark, G. M. (1996). Computer-aided threedimensional reconstruction in human cochlear maps: Measurement of the lengths of organ of Corti, outer wall, inner wall and Rosenthal's canal. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 105, 701-709. (Pubitemid 26304002)
59. Khan, A., Handzel, O., Damian, D. (2005). Effect of cochlear implantation on residual spiral ganglion cell count as determined by comparison with the contralateral non-implanted inner ear in humans. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 114, 381-385. (Pubitemid 40676654)
60. Kós, M. I., Boëx, C., Sigrist, A., et al. (2005). Measurements of electrode position inside the cochlea for different cochlear implant systems. Acta Otolaryngol, 125, 474-480. (Pubitemid 40676886)
61. Lawson, D. T., Wilson, B. S., Finley, C. C. (1997). Cochlear implant studies at Research Triangle Institute and Duke University Medical Centre. Scand Audiol Suppl, 46, 50-64. (Pubitemid 27388925)
62. Lee, J., Nadol, J. B., Eddington, D. K., et al. (2010). Factors associated with incomplete insertion of electrodes in cochlear implant surgery: A histopathologic study. Audiol Neurotol, 16, 69-81.
63. Lehnhardt, E. (1993). Intracochlear placement of cochlear implant electrodes in soft surgery technique. HNO, 41, 356-359.
64. McDermott, H., Sucher, C., Simpson, A. (2009). Electro-acoustic stimulation. Acoustic and electric pitch comparisons. Audiol Neurootol, 14(suppl 1), 2-7.
65. Moore, B. C., Glasberg, B., Schlueter, A. (2010). Detection of dead regions in the cochlea: Relevance for combined electric and acoustic stimulation. Adv Otorhinolaryngol, 67, 43-50.
66. Nadol, J. B. (1997). Patterns of neural degeneration in the human cochlea and auditory nerve: Implications for cochlear implantation. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 1117, 220-228. (Pubitemid 27426275)
67. Neumann, M., Aschendorff, A., Schipper, J. (2005). The influence of insertion depth on the preservation of residual hearing after cochlear implantation. Laryngorhinootologie, 84, 113-116. (Pubitemid 40340825)
68. Niparko, J. K., Oviatt, D. L., Coker, N. J., et al. (1991). Facial nerve stimulation with cochlear implantation. VA Cooperative Study Group on Cochlear Implantation. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 104, 826-830.
69. Otte, J., Chile, S., Schuknecht, H., et al. (1978). Ganglion cell populations in normal and pathological human cochleae. Implications for cochlear implantation. Laryngoscope, 88, 1231-1246.
70. Pamulova, L., Linder, B., Rask-Anderson, H. (2006). Innervation of the apical turn of the human cochlea: A light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic investigation. Otol Neurotol, 27, 270-275.
71. Pesch, J., Buchner, A., Bohm, M., et al. (2007). Does more apical stimulation provide increased CI benefits? Poster presentation at Conference on Implantable Auditory Prostheses, Lake Tahoe, July 2007.
72. Pfingst, B. E., Burkholder, R. A., Thompson, C. S., et al. (2006). Modulation detection thresholds for cochlear implants: Dependence on stimulation site and stimulus level. J Acoust Soc Am, 120, 3342.
73. Pfinigst, B. E., Burkholder-Juhasz, R. A., Zwolan, T. A., et al. (2008). Psychopgysical assessment of stimulation sites in auditory prosthesis electrode arrays. Hear Res, 242, 172-183.
74. Pfingst, B. E., Holloway, L. A., Zwolan, T. A., et al. (1999). Effects of stimulus level on electrode-place discrimination in human subjects with cochlear implants. Hear Res, 134, 105-115. (Pubitemid 29354521)
75. Qi, B., Liu, B., Han, D., et al. (2010). The contribution of apical stimulation to Mandarin speech perception in users of the MED-EL COMBI 40 + cochlear implant. Acta Otolaryngol, 131, 52-58.
76. Radeloff, A., Mack, M., Baghi, M. (2008). Variance of angular insertion depths in free-fitting and perimodiolar cochlear implant electrodes. Otol Neurotol, 29, 131-136. (Pubitemid 351170462)
77. Rask-Andersen, H., Liu, W., Linthicum, F. (2010). Ganglion cell and 'dendrite' populations in electric acoustic stimulation ears. Adv Otorhinolaryngol, 67, 14-27.
78. Ratay, F., Lutter, P., Felix, H. (2001). A model of the electrically excited human cochlear neuron I. Contribution of neural substructures to the generation and propagation of spikes. Hear Res, 153, 43-63. (Pubitemid 32153844)
79. Rebscher, S. J., Hetherington, A., Bonham, B., et al. (2008). Considerations for design of future cochlear implant electrode arrays: Electrode array stiffness, size, and depth of insertion. J Rehab Res Dev, 45, 731-748.
80. Reiss, L. A., Gantz, B. J., Turner, C. W. (2008). Cochlear implant speech processor frequency allocations may influence pitch perception. Otol Neurotol, 29, 160-167. (Pubitemid 351170467)
81. Roland, P. S., & Wright, C. G. (2006). Surgical aspects of cochlear implantation: Mechanisms of insertional trauma. Adv Otorhinolaryngol, 64, 11-30. (Pubitemid 44338653)
82. Rosen, S., Faulkner, A., Wilkenson, L. (1999). Adaptation by normal listeners to upward spectral shifts of speech: Implications for cochlear implants. J Acoust Soc Am, 106, 3629-3636. (Pubitemid 129520726)
83. Sagi, E., Fu, Q. J., Galvin, J. J., III, et al. (2010). A model of incomplete adaptation to a severely shifted frequency-to-electrode mapping by cochlear implant users. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 11, 69-78.
84. Schatzer, R., Krenmayr, A., Au, D. K., et al. (2010). Temporal fine structure in cochlear implants: Preliminary speech perception results in Cantonese-speaking implant users. Acta Otolaryngol, 130, 1031-1039.
85. Shepherd, R. K., & Colreavy, M. P. (2004). Surface microstructure of the perilymphatic space: Implications for cochlear implants and cell-or drug-based therapies. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 30:518-523. (Pubitemid 38609658)
86. Skarzynski, H., Lorens, A., Piotrowska, A., et al. (2007). Preservation of low frequency hearing in partial deafness cochlear implantation (PDCI) using the round window surgical approach. Acta Otolaryngol, 127, 41-48.
87. Skinner, M., Holden, L. K., Holden, T. A. (1995). Effect of frequency boundary assignment on speech recognition with the SPEAK speechcoding strategy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 104(suppl 166), 307-311.
88. Skinner, M. W., Ketten, D. R., Holden, L. K. (2002). CT-derived estimation of cochlear morphology and electrode array position in relation to word recognition in Nucleus-22 recipients. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 3, 332-350. (Pubitemid 35204666)
89. Soda-Merhy, A., Gonzalez-Valenzuela, L., Tirado-Gutierrez, C. (2008). Residual hearing preservation after cochlear implantation: Comparison between straight and perimodiolar implants. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 139, 399-404.
90. Spoendlin, H., & Schrott, A. (1988). The spiral ganglion and the human organ of Corti. Acta Otolaryngol, 105, 403-410.
91. Stakhovskaya, O., Sridhar, D., Bonham, B. H., et al. (2007). Frequency map for the human cochlear spiral ganglion: Implications for cochlear implants. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 8, 220-233. (Pubitemid 46659324)
92. Stickney, G. S., Loizou, P. C., Mishra, L. N., et al. (2006). Effects of electrode design and configuration on channel interactions. Hear Res, 211, 33-45. (Pubitemid 43112409)
93. Ulehlova, L., Voldrich, L., Janisch, R. (1987). Correlative study of sensory cell density and cochlear length in humans. Hear Res, 28, 149-151. (Pubitemid 17102429)
94. Verbist, B. M., Ferrarini, L., Briaire, J. J., et al. (2009). Anatomic considerations of cochlear morphology and its implications for insertion trauma in cochlear implant surgery. Otol Neurotol, 30, 471-477.
95. Verbist, B. M., Skinner, M. W., Cohen, L. T., et al. (2010). Consensus panel on a cochlear coordinate system applicable in histologic, physiologic, and radiologic studies of the human cochlea. Otol Neurotol, 31, 722-730.
96. Vermeire, K., Nobbe, A., Schleich, P., et al. (2008). Neural tonotopy in cochlear implants: An evaluation in unilateral cochlear implant patients with unilateral deafness and tinnitus. Hear Res, 245, 98-106.
97. von Ilberg, C., Kiefer, J., Tillein, J., et al. (1999). Electric-acoustic stimulation of the auditory system. New technology for severe hearing loss. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec, 61, 334-340. (Pubitemid 29515564)
98. Whitford, L. A., Seligman, P. M., Blamey, P. J., et al. (1993). Comparison of current speech coding strategies. Adv Otorhinolaryngol, 48, 85-90.
99. Wright, A., Davis A., Bredberg G., et al. (1987). Hair cell distributions in the human cochlea. A report of a European Working Group. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl, 436, 15-24. (Pubitemid 18024483)
100. Wysocki, J. (1999). Dimensions of the human vestibular and tympanic scalae. Hear Res, 135:39-46. (Pubitemid 29397456)
101. Xu, J., Xu, S. A., Cohen, L. T., et al. (2000). Cochlear view: Postoperative radiography for cochlear implantation. Am J Otol, 21, 49-56. (Pubitemid 30036497)
102. Xu, L., Tsai, Y., Pfingst, B. E. (2002). Features of stimulation affecting tonal-speech perception: Implications for cochlear prostheses. J Acoust Soc Am, 112, 247-258. (Pubitemid 34747759)
103. Yukawa, K., Cohen, L., Blamey, P., et al. (2004). Effects of insertion depth of cochlear implant electrodes upon speech perception. Audiol Neurotol, 9, 163-172. (Pubitemid 38478866)
104. Zhang, T., Dorman, M. F., Spahr, A. J. (2010). Information from the voice fundamental frequency (F0) region accounts for the majority of the benefit when acoustic stimulation is added to electric stimulation. Ear Hear, 31, 63-69.
105. Zierhofer, C. M., Hochmair-Desoyer, I. J., Hochmair, E. S. (1994). Electronic design of a cochlear implant for multi-channel high-rate pulsatile stimulation strategies. IEEE Trans Rehab Eng, 3, 112-116.
106. Zierhofer, C., Hochmair, I. J., Hochmair, E. S. (1997). The advanced COMBI 40+ cochlear implant. Am J Otol, 18(suppl 6), 537-538.
107. Zwolan, T. A., Collins, L. M., Wakefield, G. H. (1997). Electrode discrimination and speech recognition in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant subjects. J Acoust Soc Am, 102, 3673-3685. (Pubitemid 28008319)