메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 200, Issue 1-3, 2010, Pages 1-20

Evidence-based survey of the elimination rates of ethanol from blood with applications in forensic casework

Author keywords

Alcohol; Blood; Drunk driving; Elimination rate; Ethanol; Forensic science; Kinetics; Legal medicine; Metabolism; Pharmacokinetics; Widmark factors

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE; CYTOCHROME P450 2E1;

EID: 77953914578     PISSN: 03790738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.02.021     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (157)

References (223)
  • 1
    • 0003911027 scopus 로고
    • Forensic science aspects of ethanol metabolism
    • Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany, A. Mahley, R.L. Williams (Eds.)
    • Jones A.W. Forensic science aspects of ethanol metabolism. Forensic Science Progress 1991, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany. A. Mahley, R.L. Williams (Eds.).
    • (1991) Forensic Science Progress
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 2
    • 67349110792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and physiological research on the disposition and fate of ethanol in the body
    • Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Tuscon, J.C. Garriott (Ed.)
    • Jones A.W. Biochemical and physiological research on the disposition and fate of ethanol in the body. Medicolegal Aspects of Alcohol 2008, 47-155. Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Tuscon. J.C. Garriott (Ed.).
    • (2008) Medicolegal Aspects of Alcohol , pp. 47-155
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 3
    • 13444263617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and public health
    • Room R., Babor T., Rehm J. Alcohol and public health. Lancet 2005, 365:519-530.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 519-530
    • Room, R.1    Babor, T.2    Rehm, J.3
  • 5
    • 0026011128 scopus 로고
    • Backtracking booze with Bayes-the retrospective interpretation of blood alcohol data
    • Jackson P.R., Tucker G.T., Woods H.F. Backtracking booze with Bayes-the retrospective interpretation of blood alcohol data. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1991, 31:55-63.
    • (1991) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.31 , pp. 55-63
    • Jackson, P.R.1    Tucker, G.T.2    Woods, H.F.3
  • 6
    • 0022602885 scopus 로고
    • Blood alcohol: the concentration-time curve and retrospective estimation of level
    • Lewis M.J. Blood alcohol: the concentration-time curve and retrospective estimation of level. J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 1986, 26:95-113.
    • (1986) J. Forensic Sci. Soc. , vol.26 , pp. 95-113
    • Lewis, M.J.1
  • 7
    • 0026705057 scopus 로고
    • Retrograde extrapolation of blood alcohol data: an applied approach
    • Montgomery M.R., Reasor M.J. Retrograde extrapolation of blood alcohol data: an applied approach. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1992, 36:281-292.
    • (1992) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.36 , pp. 281-292
    • Montgomery, M.R.1    Reasor, M.J.2
  • 8
    • 44149107543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug facilitated sexual assault-a review
    • Hall J.A., Moore C.B. Drug facilitated sexual assault-a review. J. Forensic Leg. Med. 2008, 15:291-297.
    • (2008) J. Forensic Leg. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 291-297
    • Hall, J.A.1    Moore, C.B.2
  • 9
    • 54349124508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of ethanol and other drugs in blood and urine specimens from female victims of alleged sexual assault
    • Jones A.W., Kugelberg F.C., Holmgren A., Ahlner J. Occurrence of ethanol and other drugs in blood and urine specimens from female victims of alleged sexual assault. Forensic Sci. Int. 2008, 187:40-46.
    • (2008) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.187 , pp. 40-46
    • Jones, A.W.1    Kugelberg, F.C.2    Holmgren, A.3    Ahlner, J.4
  • 10
    • 33645143686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of blood and urine alcohol concentrations in cases of alleged drug-facilitated sexual assault in the United Kingdom over a 3-year period
    • Scott-Ham M., Burton F.C. A study of blood and urine alcohol concentrations in cases of alleged drug-facilitated sexual assault in the United Kingdom over a 3-year period. J. Clin. Forensic Med. 2006, 13:107-111.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Forensic Med. , vol.13 , pp. 107-111
    • Scott-Ham, M.1    Burton, F.C.2
  • 11
    • 0000557277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intoxication automatism: legal concept vs scientific evidence?
    • Kalant H. Intoxication automatism: legal concept vs scientific evidence?. Contemp. Drug Prob. 1996, 23:631-648.
    • (1996) Contemp. Drug Prob. , vol.23 , pp. 631-648
    • Kalant, H.1
  • 12
    • 0028899983 scopus 로고
    • Erik M.P. Widmark: Swedish pioneer in forensic alcohol toxicology
    • Andreasson R., Jones A.W. Erik M.P. Widmark: Swedish pioneer in forensic alcohol toxicology. Forensic Sci. Int. 1889-1945, 72(1995):1-14.
    • (1889) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.72 , Issue.1995 , pp. 1-14
    • Andreasson, R.1    Jones, A.W.2
  • 15
    • 0025283797 scopus 로고
    • Excretion of alcohol in urine and diuresis in healthy men in relation to their age, the dose administered and the time after drinking
    • Jones A.W. Excretion of alcohol in urine and diuresis in healthy men in relation to their age, the dose administered and the time after drinking. Forensic Sci. Int. 1990, 45:217-224.
    • (1990) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.45 , pp. 217-224
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 16
    • 0029864522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of age, gender, and blood-alcohol concentration on the disappearance rate of alcohol from blood in drinking drivers
    • Jones A.W., Andersson L. Influence of age, gender, and blood-alcohol concentration on the disappearance rate of alcohol from blood in drinking drivers. J. Forensic Sci. 1996, 41:922-926.
    • (1996) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 922-926
    • Jones, A.W.1    Andersson, L.2
  • 17
    • 0002636651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethanol: absorption, distribution, and elimination
    • Oxford University Press, New York, H. Beglieter, B. Kissin (Eds.)
    • Kalant H. Pharmacokinetics of ethanol: absorption, distribution, and elimination. The Pharmacology of Alcohol and Alcohol Dependence 1996, 15-58. Oxford University Press, New York. H. Beglieter, B. Kissin (Eds.).
    • (1996) The Pharmacology of Alcohol and Alcohol Dependence , pp. 15-58
    • Kalant, H.1
  • 18
    • 0028844807 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol oxidizing enzymes: roles in alcohol metabolism and alcoholic liver disease
    • Crabb D.W. Ethanol oxidizing enzymes: roles in alcohol metabolism and alcoholic liver disease. Prog. Liver Dis. 1995, 13:151-172.
    • (1995) Prog. Liver Dis. , vol.13 , pp. 151-172
    • Crabb, D.W.1
  • 19
    • 34547433163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of alcohol metabolism: role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants
    • Edenberg H.J. The genetics of alcohol metabolism: role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants. Alcohol Res. Health 2007, 30:5-13.
    • (2007) Alcohol Res. Health , vol.30 , pp. 5-13
    • Edenberg, H.J.1
  • 20
    • 10444229539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of cytochromes P450 in chemical toxicity and oxidative stress: studies with CYP2E1
    • Gonzalez F.J. Role of cytochromes P450 in chemical toxicity and oxidative stress: studies with CYP2E1. Mutat. Res. 2005, 569:101-110.
    • (2005) Mutat. Res. , vol.569 , pp. 101-110
    • Gonzalez, F.J.1
  • 21
    • 33845953191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2006 Bernard B. Brodie Award Lecture. CYP2E1
    • Gonzalez F.J. The 2006 Bernard B. Brodie Award Lecture. CYP2E1. Drug Metab. Dispos. 2007, 35:1-8.
    • (2007) Drug Metab. Dispos. , vol.35 , pp. 1-8
    • Gonzalez, F.J.1
  • 22
    • 0030935567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P-4502E1: its physiological and pathological role
    • Lieber C.S. Cytochrome P-4502E1: its physiological and pathological role. Physiol. Rev. 1997, 77:517-544.
    • (1997) Physiol. Rev. , vol.77 , pp. 517-544
    • Lieber, C.S.1
  • 23
    • 34347252306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview: how is alcohol metabolized by the body?
    • Zakhari S. Overview: how is alcohol metabolized by the body?. Alcohol Res. Health 2006, 29:245-254.
    • (2006) Alcohol Res. Health , vol.29 , pp. 245-254
    • Zakhari, S.1
  • 24
    • 67349189874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and gender differences in blood-alcohol concentration in apprehended drivers in relation to the amounts of alcohol consumed
    • Jones A.W., Holmgren A. Age and gender differences in blood-alcohol concentration in apprehended drivers in relation to the amounts of alcohol consumed. Forensic Sci. Int. 2009, 188:40-45.
    • (2009) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.188 , pp. 40-45
    • Jones, A.W.1    Holmgren, A.2
  • 25
    • 7544222395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The discovery of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system and its physiologic and pathologic role
    • Lieber C.S. The discovery of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system and its physiologic and pathologic role. Drug Metab. Rev. 2004, 36:511-529.
    • (2004) Drug Metab. Rev. , vol.36 , pp. 511-529
    • Lieber, C.S.1
  • 26
    • 0022502457 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol oxidation: ethnic variations in metabolism and response
    • Agarwal D.P., Goedde H.W. Ethanol oxidation: ethnic variations in metabolism and response. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 1986, 214:99-112.
    • (1986) Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. , vol.214 , pp. 99-112
    • Agarwal, D.P.1    Goedde, H.W.2
  • 27
    • 0026764717 scopus 로고
    • Medicobiological and genetic studies on alcoholism. Role of metabolic variation and ethnicity on drinking habits, alcohol abuse and alcohol-related mortality
    • Agarwal D.P., Goedde H.W. Medicobiological and genetic studies on alcoholism. Role of metabolic variation and ethnicity on drinking habits, alcohol abuse and alcohol-related mortality. Clin. Investig. 1992, 70:465-477.
    • (1992) Clin. Investig. , vol.70 , pp. 465-477
    • Agarwal, D.P.1    Goedde, H.W.2
  • 28
    • 0027669392 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol sensitivity, alcohol metabolism, risk of alcoholism, and the role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes
    • Crabb D.W., Dipple K.M., Thomasson H.R. Alcohol sensitivity, alcohol metabolism, risk of alcoholism, and the role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1993, 122:234-240.
    • (1993) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.122 , pp. 234-240
    • Crabb, D.W.1    Dipple, K.M.2    Thomasson, H.R.3
  • 29
    • 0014171209 scopus 로고
    • Influence of ethanol on the acetyl-coenzyme A level of intact rat liver
    • Forsander O.A., Lindros K.O. Influence of ethanol on the acetyl-coenzyme A level of intact rat liver. Acta Chem. Scand. [A]. 1967, 21:2568.
    • (1967) Acta Chem. Scand. [A]. , vol.21 , pp. 2568
    • Forsander, O.A.1    Lindros, K.O.2
  • 31
    • 0035188749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes
    • Agarwal D.P. Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes. Pathol. Biol. (Paris) 2001, 49:703-709.
    • (2001) Pathol. Biol. (Paris) , vol.49 , pp. 703-709
    • Agarwal, D.P.1
  • 33
    • 0037618272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics of the alcohol dehydrogenase system
    • Jornvall H., Hoog J.O., Persson B., Pares X. Pharmacogenetics of the alcohol dehydrogenase system. Pharmacology 2000, 61:184-191.
    • (2000) Pharmacology , vol.61 , pp. 184-191
    • Jornvall, H.1    Hoog, J.O.2    Persson, B.3    Pares, X.4
  • 34
    • 2142650784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and their variants in the genesis of alcohol-related pathology
    • Crabb D.W., Matsumoto M., Chang D., You M. Overview of the role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and their variants in the genesis of alcohol-related pathology. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 2004, 63:49-63.
    • (2004) Proc. Nutr. Soc. , vol.63 , pp. 49-63
    • Crabb, D.W.1    Matsumoto, M.2    Chang, D.3    You, M.4
  • 35
    • 0029587495 scopus 로고
    • ADH2 gene polymorphisms are determinants of alcohol pharmacokinetics
    • Thomasson H.R., Beard J.D., Li T.K. ADH2 gene polymorphisms are determinants of alcohol pharmacokinetics. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1995, 19:1494-1499.
    • (1995) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.19 , pp. 1494-1499
    • Thomasson, H.R.1    Beard, J.D.2    Li, T.K.3
  • 36
    • 0031959220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and toxicological consequences of the inductive potential of ethanol
    • Klotz U., Ammon E. Clinical and toxicological consequences of the inductive potential of ethanol. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1998, 54:7-12.
    • (1998) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.54 , pp. 7-12
    • Klotz, U.1    Ammon, E.2
  • 37
    • 0027235830 scopus 로고
    • In vivo induction of hepatic P4502E1 by ethanol: role of increased enzyme synthesis
    • Tsutsumi M., Lasker J.M., Takahashi T., Lieber C.S. In vivo induction of hepatic P4502E1 by ethanol: role of increased enzyme synthesis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1993, 304:209-218.
    • (1993) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.304 , pp. 209-218
    • Tsutsumi, M.1    Lasker, J.M.2    Takahashi, T.3    Lieber, C.S.4
  • 38
    • 0032407278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respective roles of human cytochrome P-4502E1, 1A2, and 3A4 in the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system
    • Salmela K.S., Kessova I.G., Tsyrlov I.B., Lieber C.S. Respective roles of human cytochrome P-4502E1, 1A2, and 3A4 in the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1998, 22:2125-2132.
    • (1998) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 2125-2132
    • Salmela, K.S.1    Kessova, I.G.2    Tsyrlov, I.B.3    Lieber, C.S.4
  • 40
    • 0037227494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of variability in explaining ethanol pharmacokinetics: research and forensic applications
    • Norberg A., Jones A.W., Hahn R.G., Gabrielsson J.L. Role of variability in explaining ethanol pharmacokinetics: research and forensic applications. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2003, 42:1-31.
    • (2003) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.42 , pp. 1-31
    • Norberg, A.1    Jones, A.W.2    Hahn, R.G.3    Gabrielsson, J.L.4
  • 41
    • 0018842748 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethanol: a review
    • Wilkinson P.K. Pharmacokinetics of ethanol: a review. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1980, 4:6-21.
    • (1980) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 6-21
    • Wilkinson, P.K.1
  • 42
    • 0023626928 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of ethanol
    • Holford N.H. Clinical pharmacokinetics of ethanol. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1987, 13:273-292.
    • (1987) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.13 , pp. 273-292
    • Holford, N.H.1
  • 43
    • 0019499333 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol 'dose-dependent' elimination: Michaelis-Menten v classical kinetic analysis
    • Rangno R.E., Kreeft J.H., Sitar D.S. Ethanol 'dose-dependent' elimination: Michaelis-Menten v classical kinetic analysis. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1981, 12:667-673.
    • (1981) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.12 , pp. 667-673
    • Rangno, R.E.1    Kreeft, J.H.2    Sitar, D.S.3
  • 44
    • 0024855173 scopus 로고
    • m for elimination of alcohol in young male subjects following low doses of alcohol
    • m for elimination of alcohol in young male subjects following low doses of alcohol. Alcohol Alcohol 1989, 24:555-564.
    • (1989) Alcohol Alcohol , vol.24 , pp. 555-564
    • Wagner, J.G.1    Wilkinson, P.K.2    Ganes, D.A.3
  • 46
    • 42149124690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmaceutical Press, London, S. Dhillon, A. Kostrzewski (Eds.)
    • Clinical Pharmacokinetics 2006, Pharmaceutical Press, London. S. Dhillon, A. Kostrzewski (Eds.).
    • (2006) Clinical Pharmacokinetics
  • 48
    • 23944442971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethyl sulfate: a metabolite of ethanol in humans and a potential biomarker of acute alcohol intake
    • Helander A., Beck O. Ethyl sulfate: a metabolite of ethanol in humans and a potential biomarker of acute alcohol intake. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2005, 29:270-274.
    • (2005) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.29 , pp. 270-274
    • Helander, A.1    Beck, O.2
  • 50
    • 0034005909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethyl glucuronide: a marker of recent alcohol consumption with clinical and forensic implications
    • Wurst F.M., Kempter C., Metzger J., Seidl S., Alt A. Ethyl glucuronide: a marker of recent alcohol consumption with clinical and forensic implications. Alcohol 2000, 20:111-116.
    • (2000) Alcohol , vol.20 , pp. 111-116
    • Wurst, F.M.1    Kempter, C.2    Metzger, J.3    Seidl, S.4    Alt, A.5
  • 51
    • 0037187679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A kinetic model describing the pharmacokinetics of ethyl glucuronide in humans
    • Droenner P., Schmitt G., Aderjan R., Zimmer H. A kinetic model describing the pharmacokinetics of ethyl glucuronide in humans. Forensic Sci. Int. 2002, 126:24-29.
    • (2002) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.126 , pp. 24-29
    • Droenner, P.1    Schmitt, G.2    Aderjan, R.3    Zimmer, H.4
  • 53
    • 67349091102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood kinetics of ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulphate in heavy drinkers during alcohol detoxification
    • Hoiseth G., Morini L., Polettini A., Christophersen A., Morland J. Blood kinetics of ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulphate in heavy drinkers during alcohol detoxification. Forensic Sci. Int. 2009, 188:52-56.
    • (2009) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.188 , pp. 52-56
    • Hoiseth, G.1    Morini, L.2    Polettini, A.3    Christophersen, A.4    Morland, J.5
  • 54
    • 0037343727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethyl glucuronide discloses recent covert alcohol use not detected by standard testing in forensic psychiatric inpatients
    • Wurst F.M., Vogel R., Jachau K., Varga A., Alling C., Alt A., Skipper G.E. Ethyl glucuronide discloses recent covert alcohol use not detected by standard testing in forensic psychiatric inpatients. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 2003, 27:471-476.
    • (2003) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 471-476
    • Wurst, F.M.1    Vogel, R.2    Jachau, K.3    Varga, A.4    Alling, C.5    Alt, A.6    Skipper, G.E.7
  • 55
    • 0021147192 scopus 로고
    • The rate and kinetic order of ethanol elimination
    • Winek C.L., Murphy K.L. The rate and kinetic order of ethanol elimination. Forensic Sci. Int. 1984, 25:159-166.
    • (1984) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.25 , pp. 159-166
    • Winek, C.L.1    Murphy, K.L.2
  • 56
    • 0018648862 scopus 로고
    • Inter- and intra-individual variations in the saliva/blood alcohol ratio during ethanol metabolism in man
    • Jones A.W. Inter- and intra-individual variations in the saliva/blood alcohol ratio during ethanol metabolism in man. Clin. Chem. 1979, 25:1394-1398.
    • (1979) Clin. Chem. , vol.25 , pp. 1394-1398
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 58
    • 0346829862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites
    • Swift R. Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites. Addiction 2003, 98(Suppl. 2):73-80.
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 73-80
    • Swift, R.1
  • 59
    • 0023633144 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of plasma, serum, and whole blood ethanol concentrations
    • Winek C.L., Carfagna M. Comparison of plasma, serum, and whole blood ethanol concentrations. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1987, 11:267-268.
    • (1987) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.11 , pp. 267-268
    • Winek, C.L.1    Carfagna, M.2
  • 60
    • 0027236564 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethanol in saliva: comparison with blood and breath alcohol profiles, subjective feelings of intoxication, and diminished performance
    • Jones A.W. Pharmacokinetics of ethanol in saliva: comparison with blood and breath alcohol profiles, subjective feelings of intoxication, and diminished performance. Clin. Chem. 1993, 39:1837-1844.
    • (1993) Clin. Chem. , vol.39 , pp. 1837-1844
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 61
  • 62
    • 0029176515 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in alcohol metabolism. Physiological responses to ethanol
    • Thomasson H.R. Gender differences in alcohol metabolism. Physiological responses to ethanol. Recent Dev. Alcohol. 1995, 12:163-179.
    • (1995) Recent Dev. Alcohol. , vol.12 , pp. 163-179
    • Thomasson, H.R.1
  • 63
    • 0018037506 scopus 로고
    • Variability of the blood:breath alcohol ratio in vivo
    • Jones A.W. Variability of the blood:breath alcohol ratio in vivo. J. Stud. Alcohol 1978, 39:1931-1939.
    • (1978) J. Stud. Alcohol , vol.39 , pp. 1931-1939
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 64
    • 0029910028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the blood/breath alcohol ratio in drinking drivers
    • Jones A.W., Andersson L. Variability of the blood/breath alcohol ratio in drinking drivers. J. Forensic Sci. 1996, 41:916-921.
    • (1996) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 916-921
    • Jones, A.W.1    Andersson, L.2
  • 65
    • 0021708338 scopus 로고
    • Interindividual variations in the disposition and metabolism of ethanol in healthy men
    • Jones A.W. Interindividual variations in the disposition and metabolism of ethanol in healthy men. Alcohol 1984, 1:385-391.
    • (1984) Alcohol , vol.1 , pp. 385-391
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 66
    • 0026579838 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethanol in plasma and whole blood: estimation of total body water by the dilution principle
    • Jones A.W., Hahn R.G., Stalberg H.P. Pharmacokinetics of ethanol in plasma and whole blood: estimation of total body water by the dilution principle. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1992, 42:445-448.
    • (1992) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.42 , pp. 445-448
    • Jones, A.W.1    Hahn, R.G.2    Stalberg, H.P.3
  • 67
    • 0003746617 scopus 로고
    • Ciba-Geigy, Basel, C. Lenter (Ed.)
    • Geigy Scientific Tables 1981, Ciba-Geigy, Basel. C. Lenter (Ed.).
    • (1981) Geigy Scientific Tables
  • 68
    • 0033017625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zur Zuverlässigkeit der Blutalkoholbestimmung. Das verkeilungsverhältnis des Wassers zwischen Serum und Vollblut
    • Iffland R., West A., Bilzer N., Schuff A. Zur Zuverlässigkeit der Blutalkoholbestimmung. Das verkeilungsverhältnis des Wassers zwischen Serum und Vollblut. Rechtsmedizin 1999, 9:123-130.
    • (1999) Rechtsmedizin , vol.9 , pp. 123-130
    • Iffland, R.1    West, A.2    Bilzer, N.3    Schuff, A.4
  • 69
    • 0001124651 scopus 로고
    • Eine Mikromethode zur Bestimmung von äthylalkohol im Blut
    • Widmark E.M.P. Eine Mikromethode zur Bestimmung von äthylalkohol im Blut. Biochem. Z. 1922, 131:473-484.
    • (1922) Biochem. Z. , vol.131 , pp. 473-484
    • Widmark, E.M.P.1
  • 70
    • 34247397464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index and blood-alcohol calculations
    • Jones A.W. Body mass index and blood-alcohol calculations. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2007, 31:177-178.
    • (2007) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.31 , pp. 177-178
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 71
    • 0028673669 scopus 로고
    • Food-induced lowering of blood-ethanol profiles and increased rate of elimination immediately after a meal
    • Jones A.W., Jonsson K.A. Food-induced lowering of blood-ethanol profiles and increased rate of elimination immediately after a meal. J. Forensic Sci. 1994, 39:1084-1093.
    • (1994) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 1084-1093
    • Jones, A.W.1    Jonsson, K.A.2
  • 72
    • 0030680110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high-fat, high-protein, and high-carbohydrate meals on the pharmacokinetics of a small dose of ethanol
    • Jones A.W., Jonsson K.A., Kechagias S. Effect of high-fat, high-protein, and high-carbohydrate meals on the pharmacokinetics of a small dose of ethanol. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1997, 44:521-526.
    • (1997) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.44 , pp. 521-526
    • Jones, A.W.1    Jonsson, K.A.2    Kechagias, S.3
  • 73
    • 0028545156 scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability of alcohol: role of gastric metabolism and its interaction with other drugs
    • Baraona E., Gentry R.T., Lieber C.S. Bioavailability of alcohol: role of gastric metabolism and its interaction with other drugs. Dig. Dis. 1994, 12:351-367.
    • (1994) Dig. Dis. , vol.12 , pp. 351-367
    • Baraona, E.1    Gentry, R.T.2    Lieber, C.S.3
  • 74
    • 0027456385 scopus 로고
    • Review article: lack of clinical significance of the interaction between H2-receptor antagonists and ethanol
    • Levitt M.D. Review article: lack of clinical significance of the interaction between H2-receptor antagonists and ethanol. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 1993, 7:131-138.
    • (1993) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.7 , pp. 131-138
    • Levitt, M.D.1
  • 76
    • 0028141311 scopus 로고
    • Antagonist: the case against first-pass metabolism of ethanol in the stomach
    • discussion 32-23
    • Levitt M.D. Antagonist: the case against first-pass metabolism of ethanol in the stomach. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1994, 123:28-31. discussion 32-23.
    • (1994) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.123 , pp. 28-31
    • Levitt, M.D.1
  • 77
    • 0028293528 scopus 로고
    • The critical role of the rate of ethanol absorption in the interpretation of studies purporting to demonstrate gastric metabolism of ethanol
    • Levitt M.D., Levitt D.G. The critical role of the rate of ethanol absorption in the interpretation of studies purporting to demonstrate gastric metabolism of ethanol. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1994, 269:297-304.
    • (1994) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.269 , pp. 297-304
    • Levitt, M.D.1    Levitt, D.G.2
  • 78
    • 0033819243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appropriate use and misuse of blood concentration measurements to quantitate first-pass metabolism
    • Levitt M.D., Levitt D.G. Appropriate use and misuse of blood concentration measurements to quantitate first-pass metabolism. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 2000, 136:275-280.
    • (2000) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.136 , pp. 275-280
    • Levitt, M.D.1    Levitt, D.G.2
  • 79
    • 0028011372 scopus 로고
    • Can the liver account for first-pass metabolism of ethanol in the rat?
    • Levitt M.D., Levitt D.G., Furne J., DeMaster E.G. Can the liver account for first-pass metabolism of ethanol in the rat?. Am. J. Physiol. 1994, 267:G452-457.
    • (1994) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.267
    • Levitt, M.D.1    Levitt, D.G.2    Furne, J.3    DeMaster, E.G.4
  • 80
    • 77953914009 scopus 로고
    • The influence of glycocoll on the absorption and metabolism of ethyl alcohol
    • Widmark E.M.P. The influence of glycocoll on the absorption and metabolism of ethyl alcohol. Kungl Physiol Sällsk Lund Förhand 1941, 12:1-11.
    • (1941) Kungl Physiol Sällsk Lund Förhand , vol.12 , pp. 1-11
    • Widmark, E.M.P.1
  • 81
    • 33847724676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of hospital laboratory serum alcohol levels obtained by an enzymatic method with whole blood levels forensically determined by gas chromatography
    • Barnhill M.T., Herbert D., Wells D.J. Comparison of hospital laboratory serum alcohol levels obtained by an enzymatic method with whole blood levels forensically determined by gas chromatography. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2007, 31:23-30.
    • (2007) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.31 , pp. 23-30
    • Barnhill, M.T.1    Herbert, D.2    Wells, D.J.3
  • 82
    • 0029976371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ethanol concentrations in blood, serum, and blood cells for forensic application
    • Charlebois R.C., Corbett M.R., Wigmore J.G. Comparison of ethanol concentrations in blood, serum, and blood cells for forensic application. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1996, 20:171-178.
    • (1996) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.20 , pp. 171-178
    • Charlebois, R.C.1    Corbett, M.R.2    Wigmore, J.G.3
  • 83
    • 0002154258 scopus 로고
    • An enzymatic method for the microdetermination of ethanol
    • Bonnichsen R.K., Theorell H. An enzymatic method for the microdetermination of ethanol. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1951, 3:58-62.
    • (1951) Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. , vol.3 , pp. 58-62
    • Bonnichsen, R.K.1    Theorell, H.2
  • 84
    • 0024342110 scopus 로고
    • Computer-aided headspace gas chromatography applied to blood-alcohol analysis: importance of online process control
    • Jones A.W., Schuberth J. Computer-aided headspace gas chromatography applied to blood-alcohol analysis: importance of online process control. J. Forensic Sci. 1989, 34:1116-1127.
    • (1989) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 1116-1127
    • Jones, A.W.1    Schuberth, J.2
  • 86
    • 10944222884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnitude and time-course of arterio-venous differences in blood-alcohol concentration in healthy men
    • Jones A.W., Lindberg L., Olsson S.G. Magnitude and time-course of arterio-venous differences in blood-alcohol concentration in healthy men. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2004, 43:1157-1166.
    • (2004) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.43 , pp. 1157-1166
    • Jones, A.W.1    Lindberg, L.2    Olsson, S.G.3
  • 87
    • 0017225988 scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of ethanol in two segments of the vascular system
    • Sedman A.J., Wilkinson P.K., Wagner J.G. Concentrations of ethanol in two segments of the vascular system. J. Forensic Sci. 1976, 21:315-322.
    • (1976) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 315-322
    • Sedman, A.J.1    Wilkinson, P.K.2    Wagner, J.G.3
  • 88
    • 0026043864 scopus 로고
    • Limits of detection and quantitation of ethanol in specimens of whole blood from drinking drivers analyzed by headspace gas chromatography
    • Jones A.W. Limits of detection and quantitation of ethanol in specimens of whole blood from drinking drivers analyzed by headspace gas chromatography. J. Forensic Sci. 1991, 36:1277-1279.
    • (1991) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 1277-1279
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 89
    • 35048877044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are changes in blood-ethanol concentration during storage analytically significant? Importance of method imprecision
    • Jones A.W. Are changes in blood-ethanol concentration during storage analytically significant? Importance of method imprecision. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2007, 45:1299-1394.
    • (2007) Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. , vol.45 , pp. 1299-1394
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 91
    • 35148815820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethanol elimination rates in men and women in consideration of the calculated liver weight
    • Dettling A., Fischer F., Bohler S., Ulrichs F., Skopp G., Graw M., Haffner H.T. Ethanol elimination rates in men and women in consideration of the calculated liver weight. Alcohol 2007, 41:415-420.
    • (2007) Alcohol , vol.41 , pp. 415-420
    • Dettling, A.1    Fischer, F.2    Bohler, S.3    Ulrichs, F.4    Skopp, G.5    Graw, M.6    Haffner, H.T.7
  • 92
    • 0033800745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of obesity on pharmacokinetics implications for drug therapy
    • Cheymol G. Effects of obesity on pharmacokinetics implications for drug therapy. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2000, 39:215-231.
    • (2000) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.39 , pp. 215-231
    • Cheymol, G.1
  • 94
    • 0022495361 scopus 로고
    • The estimation of Widmark's factor
    • Forrest A.R.W. The estimation of Widmark's factor. J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 1986, 26:249-252.
    • (1986) J. Forensic Sci. Soc. , vol.26 , pp. 249-252
    • Forrest, A.R.W.1
  • 95
    • 0028171181 scopus 로고
    • 2O and ethanol dilutions in total body water measurements in humans
    • 2O and ethanol dilutions in total body water measurements in humans. Clin. Investig. 1994, 72:830-837.
    • (1994) Clin. Investig. , vol.72 , pp. 830-837
    • Endres, H.G.1    Gruner, O.2
  • 96
    • 0034487317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The calculation of blood ethanol concentrations in males and females
    • Seidl S., Jensen U., Alt A. The calculation of blood ethanol concentrations in males and females. Int. J. Legal Med. 2000, 114:71-77.
    • (2000) Int. J. Legal Med. , vol.114 , pp. 71-77
    • Seidl, S.1    Jensen, U.2    Alt, A.3
  • 97
    • 0019820619 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of blood alcohol concentrations in human subjects. Updating the Widmark Equation
    • Watson P.E., Watson I.D., Batt R.D. Prediction of blood alcohol concentrations in human subjects. Updating the Widmark Equation. J. Stud. Alcohol 1981, 42:547-556.
    • (1981) J. Stud. Alcohol , vol.42 , pp. 547-556
    • Watson, P.E.1    Watson, I.D.2    Batt, R.D.3
  • 98
    • 0011247853 scopus 로고
    • Solids as a consideration in legal measurements: blood ethanol concentration as a model
    • Sharma A., Artiss J.D., Zak B. Solids as a consideration in legal measurements: blood ethanol concentration as a model. Microchem. J. 1987, 36:28-41.
    • (1987) Microchem. J. , vol.36 , pp. 28-41
    • Sharma, A.1    Artiss, J.D.2    Zak, B.3
  • 99
    • 10344262855 scopus 로고
    • Investigations concerning the constants "β"and "r"according to Widmark especially in women
    • Osterlind S., Ahlen M., Wolff E. Investigations concerning the constants "β"and "r"according to Widmark especially in women. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. Suppl. 1944, 54:489-498.
    • (1944) Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. Suppl. , vol.54 , pp. 489-498
    • Osterlind, S.1    Ahlen, M.2    Wolff, E.3
  • 102
    • 0002521126 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of alcohol
    • CRC Press, Boca Raton
    • Wartburg Von J. Pharmacokinetics of alcohol. Human Metabolism of Alcohol 1989, vol. 1:9-22. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
    • (1989) Human Metabolism of Alcohol , vol.1 , pp. 9-22
    • Wartburg Von, J.1
  • 103
    • 0021368649 scopus 로고
    • First-pass elimination. Basic concepts and clinical consequences
    • Pond S.M., Tozer T.N. First-pass elimination. Basic concepts and clinical consequences. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1984, 9:1-25.
    • (1984) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.9 , pp. 1-25
    • Pond, S.M.1    Tozer, T.N.2
  • 104
    • 0003204887 scopus 로고
    • Blood alcohol and clinical inebriation in Finnish men
    • Alha A. Blood alcohol and clinical inebriation in Finnish men. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. A 1951, 26:1-136.
    • (1951) Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. A , vol.26 , pp. 1-136
    • Alha, A.1
  • 105
    • 0017801803 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of alcohol: physiological and pathophysiological aspects
    • Bode J.C. The metabolism of alcohol: physiological and pathophysiological aspects. J. R. Coll. Physicians Lond. 1978, 12:122-135.
    • (1978) J. R. Coll. Physicians Lond. , vol.12 , pp. 122-135
    • Bode, J.C.1
  • 106
    • 30744456262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced rate of ethanol elimination from blood after intravenous administration of amino acids compared with equicaloric glucose
    • Lisander B., Lundvall O., Tomner J., Jones A.W. Enhanced rate of ethanol elimination from blood after intravenous administration of amino acids compared with equicaloric glucose. Alcohol Alcohol. 2006, 41:39-43.
    • (2006) Alcohol Alcohol. , vol.41 , pp. 39-43
    • Lisander, B.1    Lundvall, O.2    Tomner, J.3    Jones, A.W.4
  • 107
    • 0034090720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethanol metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis
    • Jones A.W. Ethanol metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis. J. Clin. Forensic Med. 2000, 7:48-51.
    • (2000) J. Clin. Forensic Med. , vol.7 , pp. 48-51
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 108
    • 0014469859 scopus 로고
    • The hepatic metabolism of ethanol in patients with cirrhosis of the liver
    • Winkler K., Lundquist F., Tygstrup N. The hepatic metabolism of ethanol in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1969, 23:59-69.
    • (1969) Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. , vol.23 , pp. 59-69
    • Winkler, K.1    Lundquist, F.2    Tygstrup, N.3
  • 109
    • 0030832859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CYP2E1 activity in patients with alcoholic liver disease
    • Dilger K., Metzler J., Bode J.C., Klotz U. CYP2E1 activity in patients with alcoholic liver disease. J. Hepatol. 1997, 27:1009-1014.
    • (1997) J. Hepatol. , vol.27 , pp. 1009-1014
    • Dilger, K.1    Metzler, J.2    Bode, J.C.3    Klotz, U.4
  • 110
    • 0017598596 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of alcohol following single low doses to fasted and nonfasted subjects
    • Welling P.G., Lyons L.L., Elliott R., Amidon G.L. Pharmacokinetics of alcohol following single low doses to fasted and nonfasted subjects. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1977, 17:199-206.
    • (1977) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.17 , pp. 199-206
    • Welling, P.G.1    Lyons, L.L.2    Elliott, R.3    Amidon, G.L.4
  • 111
    • 0024633380 scopus 로고
    • Alkoholtrinkversuche mit über 60 Jahre alten männlichen Personen
    • Hein P.M., Vock R. Alkoholtrinkversuche mit über 60 Jahre alten männlichen Personen. Blutalkohol 1989, 26:98-105.
    • (1989) Blutalkohol , vol.26 , pp. 98-105
    • Hein, P.M.1    Vock, R.2
  • 112
    • 0028228631 scopus 로고
    • Between-subject and within-subject variations in the pharmacokinetics of ethanol
    • Jones A.W., Jonsson K.A. Between-subject and within-subject variations in the pharmacokinetics of ethanol. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1994, 37:427-431.
    • (1994) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.37 , pp. 427-431
    • Jones, A.W.1    Jonsson, K.A.2
  • 114
    • 0025253097 scopus 로고
    • Reproducibility of individual rates of ethanol metabolism in fasting subjects
    • Passananti G.T., Wolff C.A., Vesell E.S. Reproducibility of individual rates of ethanol metabolism in fasting subjects. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1990, 47:389-396.
    • (1990) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.47 , pp. 389-396
    • Passananti, G.T.1    Wolff, C.A.2    Vesell, E.S.3
  • 115
    • 38649104160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter- and intra-subject variability in ethanol pharmacokinetic parameters: effects of testing interval and dose
    • Yelland L.N., Burns J.P., Sims D.N., Salter A.B., White J.M. Inter- and intra-subject variability in ethanol pharmacokinetic parameters: effects of testing interval and dose. Forensic Sci. Int. 2008, 175:65-72.
    • (2008) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.175 , pp. 65-72
    • Yelland, L.N.1    Burns, J.P.2    Sims, D.N.3    Salter, A.B.4    White, J.M.5
  • 116
    • 0025230232 scopus 로고
    • Disappearance rate of alcohol from the blood of drunk drivers calculated from two consecutive samples; what do the results really mean?
    • Neuteboom W., Jones A.W. Disappearance rate of alcohol from the blood of drunk drivers calculated from two consecutive samples; what do the results really mean?. Forensic Sci. Int. 1990, 45:107-115.
    • (1990) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.45 , pp. 107-115
    • Neuteboom, W.1    Jones, A.W.2
  • 117
    • 0018648263 scopus 로고
    • The rate of disappearance of blood alcohol in drunken drivers
    • Lund A. The rate of disappearance of blood alcohol in drunken drivers. Blutalkohol 1979, 16:395-398.
    • (1979) Blutalkohol , vol.16 , pp. 395-398
    • Lund, A.1
  • 118
    • 0026326756 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of blood-alcohol profiles after consumption of alcohol together with a large meal
    • Jones A.W., Neri A. Evaluation of blood-alcohol profiles after consumption of alcohol together with a large meal. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. 1991, 24:165-173.
    • (1991) Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. , vol.24 , pp. 165-173
    • Jones, A.W.1    Neri, A.2
  • 119
    • 34547773108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between alcohol elimination rate and increasing blood alcohol concentration-calculated from two consecutive blood specimens
    • Simic M., Tasic M. The relationship between alcohol elimination rate and increasing blood alcohol concentration-calculated from two consecutive blood specimens. Forensic Sci. Int. 2007, 172:28-32.
    • (2007) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.172 , pp. 28-32
    • Simic, M.1    Tasic, M.2
  • 120
    • 38649122736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultra-rapid rate of ethanol elimination from blood in drunken drivers with extremely high blood-alcohol concentrations
    • Jones A.W. Ultra-rapid rate of ethanol elimination from blood in drunken drivers with extremely high blood-alcohol concentrations. Int. J. Legal Med. 2008, 122:129-134.
    • (2008) Int. J. Legal Med. , vol.122 , pp. 129-134
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 121
    • 0027076088 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of ethanol and methanol in alcoholics during detoxification
    • Jones A.W., Sternebring B. Kinetics of ethanol and methanol in alcoholics during detoxification. Alcohol Alcohol. 1992, 27:641-647.
    • (1992) Alcohol Alcohol. , vol.27 , pp. 641-647
    • Jones, A.W.1    Sternebring, B.2
  • 122
    • 0344702333 scopus 로고
    • Statistische Untersuchungen, über die Beziehungen zwischen Trinkende und Resorption anhand von doppelten Blutentnahmen
    • Hagedom E., Steigleder E. Statistische Untersuchungen, über die Beziehungen zwischen Trinkende und Resorption anhand von doppelten Blutentnahmen. Blutalkohol 1968, 5:468-481.
    • (1968) Blutalkohol , vol.5 , pp. 468-481
    • Hagedom, E.1    Steigleder, E.2
  • 123
    • 10344260776 scopus 로고
    • Über die Beziehungen zwischen Untersuchungsergebnissen von Doppelblutentnahmen und der Analysenpräzision
    • Hilgermann R., Schleyer F. Über die Beziehungen zwischen Untersuchungsergebnissen von Doppelblutentnahmen und der Analysenpräzision. Blutalkohol 1971, 8:33-61.
    • (1971) Blutalkohol , vol.8 , pp. 33-61
    • Hilgermann, R.1    Schleyer, F.2
  • 124
    • 0345132931 scopus 로고
    • Statistische Untersuchungen zur Alkoholelimination an 1512 Doppelentnahmen
    • Schweitzer H. Statistische Untersuchungen zur Alkoholelimination an 1512 Doppelentnahmen. Blutalkohol 1968, 5:73-91.
    • (1968) Blutalkohol , vol.5 , pp. 73-91
    • Schweitzer, H.1
  • 125
    • 0017361318 scopus 로고
    • Comparative studies on the rate of ethanol elimination in acute poisoning and in controlled conditions
    • Bogusz M., Pach J., Stasko W. Comparative studies on the rate of ethanol elimination in acute poisoning and in controlled conditions. J. Forensic Sci. 1977, 22:446-451.
    • (1977) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 446-451
    • Bogusz, M.1    Pach, J.2    Stasko, W.3
  • 126
    • 0342962446 scopus 로고
    • Die Alkoholverbrennung bei Alkoholikern und bei übringen Versuchspersonen
    • Bonnichsen R., Dimberg R., Maehly A., Aqvist S. Die Alkoholverbrennung bei Alkoholikern und bei übringen Versuchspersonen. Blutalkohol 1968, 5:301-317.
    • (1968) Blutalkohol , vol.5 , pp. 301-317
    • Bonnichsen, R.1    Dimberg, R.2    Maehly, A.3    Aqvist, S.4
  • 127
    • 0026004890 scopus 로고
    • Rate of clearance of ethanol from the blood of intoxicated patients in the emergency department
    • Gershman H., Steeper J. Rate of clearance of ethanol from the blood of intoxicated patients in the emergency department. J. Emerg. Med. 1991, 9:307-311.
    • (1991) J. Emerg. Med. , vol.9 , pp. 307-311
    • Gershman, H.1    Steeper, J.2
  • 128
    • 0025927913 scopus 로고
    • Die Äthanol Eliminationsgeschwindigkeit bei Alkoholikern unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Maximalwertvariante der forensischen BAK Rückrechung
    • Haffner H.T., Besserer K., Stetter F., Mann K. Die Äthanol Eliminationsgeschwindigkeit bei Alkoholikern unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Maximalwertvariante der forensischen BAK Rückrechung. Blutalkohol 1991, 28:46-54.
    • (1991) Blutalkohol , vol.28 , pp. 46-54
    • Haffner, H.T.1    Besserer, K.2    Stetter, F.3    Mann, K.4
  • 129
    • 70350627164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic ethanol elimination kinetics in patients with cirrhosis
    • Dam G., Sorensen M., Munk O.L., Keiding S. Hepatic ethanol elimination kinetics in patients with cirrhosis. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2009, 44:867-871.
    • (2009) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.44 , pp. 867-871
    • Dam, G.1    Sorensen, M.2    Munk, O.L.3    Keiding, S.4
  • 130
    • 67349185543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of acute and chronic alcohol ingestion
    • Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Tuscon
    • Jones A.W. Biomarkers of acute and chronic alcohol ingestion. Medicolegal Aspects of Alcohol 2008, vol. 4:157-203. Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Tuscon.
    • (2008) Medicolegal Aspects of Alcohol , vol.4 , pp. 157-203
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 132
    • 0036290013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How important are gender differences in pharmacokinetics?
    • Meibohm B., Beierle I., Derendorf H. How important are gender differences in pharmacokinetics?. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2002, 41:329-342.
    • (2002) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.41 , pp. 329-342
    • Meibohm, B.1    Beierle, I.2    Derendorf, H.3
  • 133
    • 65349137639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
    • Soldin O.P., Mattison D.R. Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2009, 48:143-157.
    • (2009) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.48 , pp. 143-157
    • Soldin, O.P.1    Mattison, D.R.2
  • 134
    • 0031891641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological changes during the menstrual cycle and their effects on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs
    • Kashuba A.D., Nafziger A.N. Physiological changes during the menstrual cycle and their effects on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1998, 34:203-218.
    • (1998) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.34 , pp. 203-218
    • Kashuba, A.D.1    Nafziger, A.N.2
  • 138
    • 0033013954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total body water and peak alcohol concentration: a comparative study of young, middle-age, and older females
    • Davies B.T., Bowen C.K. Total body water and peak alcohol concentration: a comparative study of young, middle-age, and older females. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1999, 23:969-975.
    • (1999) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.23 , pp. 969-975
    • Davies, B.T.1    Bowen, C.K.2
  • 139
    • 14844340175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory evaluation of a new evidential breath-alcohol analyser designed for mobile testing; the Evidenzer
    • Fransson M., Jones A.W., Andersson L. Laboratory evaluation of a new evidential breath-alcohol analyser designed for mobile testing; the Evidenzer. Med. Sci. Law 2005, 45:61-70.
    • (2005) Med. Sci. Law , vol.45 , pp. 61-70
    • Fransson, M.1    Jones, A.W.2    Andersson, L.3
  • 140
    • 0029782931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of volume of distribution for ethanol in male and female subjects
    • Cowan J.M., Weathermon A., McCutcheon J.R., Oliver R.D. Determination of volume of distribution for ethanol in male and female subjects. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1996, 20:287-290.
    • (1996) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.20 , pp. 287-290
    • Cowan, J.M.1    Weathermon, A.2    McCutcheon, J.R.3    Oliver, R.D.4
  • 141
    • 0021988533 scopus 로고
    • Acute alcohol intoxication and body composition in women and men
    • Goist K.C., Sutker P.B. Acute alcohol intoxication and body composition in women and men. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1985, 22:811-814.
    • (1985) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 811-814
    • Goist, K.C.1    Sutker, P.B.2
  • 142
    • 0024807066 scopus 로고
    • More rapid elimination of alcohol in women as compared to their male siblings
    • Mishra L., Sharma S., Potter J.J., Mezey E. More rapid elimination of alcohol in women as compared to their male siblings. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1989, 13:752-754.
    • (1989) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.13 , pp. 752-754
    • Mishra, L.1    Sharma, S.2    Potter, J.J.3    Mezey, E.4
  • 143
    • 0034054936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in ethanol pharmacokinetics and perceived gender and ethnic differences in alcohol elimination
    • Li T.K., Beard J.D., Orr W.E., Kwo P.Y., Ramchandani V.A., Thomasson H.R. Variation in ethanol pharmacokinetics and perceived gender and ethnic differences in alcohol elimination. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 2000, 24:415-416.
    • (2000) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 415-416
    • Li, T.K.1    Beard, J.D.2    Orr, W.E.3    Kwo, P.Y.4    Ramchandani, V.A.5    Thomasson, H.R.6
  • 144
    • 0034063882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol elimination: faster in women?
    • Thomasson H. Alcohol elimination: faster in women?. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 2000, 24:419-420.
    • (2000) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 419-420
    • Thomasson, H.1
  • 145
    • 0035876954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organ weight in 684 adult autopsies: new tables for a Caucasoid population
    • de la Grandmaison G.L., Clairand I., Durigon M. Organ weight in 684 adult autopsies: new tables for a Caucasoid population. Forensic Sci. Int. 2001, 119:149-154.
    • (2001) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.119 , pp. 149-154
    • de la Grandmaison, G.L.1    Clairand, I.2    Durigon, M.3
  • 147
    • 41649120626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of sex hormones on the elimination kinetics of ethanol
    • Dettling A., Skopp G., Graw M., Haffner H.T. The influence of sex hormones on the elimination kinetics of ethanol. Forensic Sci. Int. 2008, 177:85-89.
    • (2008) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.177 , pp. 85-89
    • Dettling, A.1    Skopp, G.2    Graw, M.3    Haffner, H.T.4
  • 148
    • 0023548371 scopus 로고
    • Acute alcohol intoxication: sex comparisons on pharmacokinetic and mood measures
    • Sutker P.B., Goist K.C., Allain A.N., Bugg F. Acute alcohol intoxication: sex comparisons on pharmacokinetic and mood measures. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1987, 11:507-512.
    • (1987) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 507-512
    • Sutker, P.B.1    Goist, K.C.2    Allain, A.N.3    Bugg, F.4
  • 149
    • 0023152378 scopus 로고
    • Acute alcohol intoxication in women: relationship to dose and menstrual cycle phase
    • Sutker P.B., Goist K.C., King A.R. Acute alcohol intoxication in women: relationship to dose and menstrual cycle phase. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1987, 11:74-79.
    • (1987) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 74-79
    • Sutker, P.B.1    Goist, K.C.2    King, A.R.3
  • 151
    • 0028809150 scopus 로고
    • Do alcohol pharmacokinetics in women vary due to the menstrual cycle?
    • Lammers S.M., Mainzer D.E., Breteler M.H. Do alcohol pharmacokinetics in women vary due to the menstrual cycle?. Addiction 1995, 90:23-30.
    • (1995) Addiction , vol.90 , pp. 23-30
    • Lammers, S.M.1    Mainzer, D.E.2    Breteler, M.H.3
  • 152
    • 2342460307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the menstrual cycle of white women on ethanol toxicokinetics
    • Correa C.L., Oga S. Effects of the menstrual cycle of white women on ethanol toxicokinetics. J. Stud. Alcohol 2004, 65:227-231.
    • (2004) J. Stud. Alcohol , vol.65 , pp. 227-231
    • Correa, C.L.1    Oga, S.2
  • 153
    • 0024695413 scopus 로고
    • Effect of testosterone administration on rates of ethanol elimination in hypogonadal patients
    • Mezey E., Hamilton B., Potter J.J. Effect of testosterone administration on rates of ethanol elimination in hypogonadal patients. Alcohol 1989, 6:331-333.
    • (1989) Alcohol , vol.6 , pp. 331-333
    • Mezey, E.1    Hamilton, B.2    Potter, J.J.3
  • 154
    • 0034012514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site and quantitative importance of alcohol first-pass metabolism
    • Baraona E. Site and quantitative importance of alcohol first-pass metabolism. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 2000, 24:405-406.
    • (2000) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 405-406
    • Baraona, E.1
  • 156
    • 0025105234 scopus 로고
    • High blood alcohol levels in women. The role of decreased gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and first-pass metabolism
    • Frezza M., di Padova C., Pozzato G., Terpin M., Baraona E., Lieber C.S. High blood alcohol levels in women. The role of decreased gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and first-pass metabolism. N. Engl. J. Med. 1990, 322:95-99.
    • (1990) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.322 , pp. 95-99
    • Frezza, M.1    di Padova, C.2    Pozzato, G.3    Terpin, M.4    Baraona, E.5    Lieber, C.S.6
  • 157
    • 0029894677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disposition and first-pass metabolism of ethanol in humans: is it gastric or hepatic and does it depend on gender?
    • Ammon E., Schafer C., Hofmann U., Klotz U. Disposition and first-pass metabolism of ethanol in humans: is it gastric or hepatic and does it depend on gender?. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1996, 59:503-513.
    • (1996) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.59 , pp. 503-513
    • Ammon, E.1    Schafer, C.2    Hofmann, U.3    Klotz, U.4
  • 158
    • 0028359867 scopus 로고
    • Absence of effect of ranitidine on blood alcohol concentrations when taken morning, midday, or evening with or without food
    • Toon S., Khan A.Z., Holt B.I., Mullins F.G., Langley S.J., Rowland M.M. Absence of effect of ranitidine on blood alcohol concentrations when taken morning, midday, or evening with or without food. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1994, 55:385-391.
    • (1994) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.55 , pp. 385-391
    • Toon, S.1    Khan, A.Z.2    Holt, B.I.3    Mullins, F.G.4    Langley, S.J.5    Rowland, M.M.6
  • 160
    • 0028597491 scopus 로고
    • Blood alcohol levels after prolonged use of histamine-2-receptor antagonists
    • Baraona E., Gentry R.T., Lieber C.S. Blood alcohol levels after prolonged use of histamine-2-receptor antagonists. Ann. Intern. Med. 1994, 121:73-74.
    • (1994) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.121 , pp. 73-74
    • Baraona, E.1    Gentry, R.T.2    Lieber, C.S.3
  • 161
    • 0028792443 scopus 로고
    • Inter-individual and intra-individual variability of ethanol concentration-time profiles: comparison of ethanol ingestion before or after an evening meal
    • Fraser A.G., Rosalki S.B., Gamble G.D., Pounder R.E. Inter-individual and intra-individual variability of ethanol concentration-time profiles: comparison of ethanol ingestion before or after an evening meal. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1995, 40:387-392.
    • (1995) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.40 , pp. 387-392
    • Fraser, A.G.1    Rosalki, S.B.2    Gamble, G.D.3    Pounder, R.E.4
  • 162
    • 34248191277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of scheduled prescription drugs in blood of impaired drivers: considerations for interpreting the results
    • Jones A.W., Holmgren A., Kugelberg F.C. Concentrations of scheduled prescription drugs in blood of impaired drivers: considerations for interpreting the results. Ther. Drug Monit. 2007, 29:248-260.
    • (2007) Ther. Drug Monit. , vol.29 , pp. 248-260
    • Jones, A.W.1    Holmgren, A.2    Kugelberg, F.C.3
  • 163
    • 36248934211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predominance of illicit drugs and poly-drug use among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden
    • Holmgren A., Holmgren P., Kugelberg F.C., Jones A.W., Ahlner J. Predominance of illicit drugs and poly-drug use among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden. Traffic Inj. Prev. 2007, 8:361-367.
    • (2007) Traffic Inj. Prev. , vol.8 , pp. 361-367
    • Holmgren, A.1    Holmgren, P.2    Kugelberg, F.C.3    Jones, A.W.4    Ahlner, J.5
  • 165
    • 0032727339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of gastric emptying on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol as influenced by cisapride
    • Kechagias S., Jonsson K.A., Jones A.W. Impact of gastric emptying on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol as influenced by cisapride. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1999, 48:728-732.
    • (1999) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.48 , pp. 728-732
    • Kechagias, S.1    Jonsson, K.A.2    Jones, A.W.3
  • 166
    • 73249133020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and drug interactions
    • Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, A. Mozayani, L. Raymon (Eds.)
    • Jones A.W. Alcohol and drug interactions. Handbook of Drug Interactions 2003, 395-462. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. A. Mozayani, L. Raymon (Eds.).
    • (2003) Handbook of Drug Interactions , pp. 395-462
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 167
    • 0030747937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic interactions between alcohol and other drugs
    • Fraser A.G. Pharmacokinetic interactions between alcohol and other drugs. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1997, 33:79-90.
    • (1997) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.33 , pp. 79-90
    • Fraser, A.G.1
  • 168
    • 0022213690 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between ethanol and oral contraceptive steroids
    • Hobbes J., Boutagy J., Shenfield G.M. Interactions between ethanol and oral contraceptive steroids. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1985, 38:371-380.
    • (1985) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.38 , pp. 371-380
    • Hobbes, J.1    Boutagy, J.2    Shenfield, G.M.3
  • 169
    • 0021324383 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol metabolism in women taking oral contraceptives
    • Jones M.K., Jones B.M. Ethanol metabolism in women taking oral contraceptives. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 1984, 8:24-28.
    • (1984) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 24-28
    • Jones, M.K.1    Jones, B.M.2
  • 170
    • 0019984681 scopus 로고
    • The effect of oral contraceptive steroids (OCS) on the rate of post-absorptive phase decline of blood alcohol concentration in the adult woman
    • Papple W.R. The effect of oral contraceptive steroids (OCS) on the rate of post-absorptive phase decline of blood alcohol concentration in the adult woman. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. 1981, 15:17-24.
    • (1981) Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. , vol.15 , pp. 17-24
    • Papple, W.R.1
  • 171
    • 0028029554 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of ethanol-drug-nutrition interactions
    • Lieber C.S. Mechanisms of ethanol-drug-nutrition interactions. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 1994, 32:631-681.
    • (1994) J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. , vol.32 , pp. 631-681
    • Lieber, C.S.1
  • 172
    • 0032831114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and metabolism of alcohol, including its metabolic effects and interactions with other drugs
    • Lieber C.S., Abittan C.S. Pharmacology and metabolism of alcohol, including its metabolic effects and interactions with other drugs. Clin. Dermatol. 1999, 17:365-379.
    • (1999) Clin. Dermatol. , vol.17 , pp. 365-379
    • Lieber, C.S.1    Abittan, C.S.2
  • 173
    • 0014455297 scopus 로고
    • Human liver alcohol dehydrogenase: inhibition by pyrazole and pyrazole analogs
    • Li T.K., Theorell H. Human liver alcohol dehydrogenase: inhibition by pyrazole and pyrazole analogs. Acta Chem. Scand. [A]. 1969, 23:892-902.
    • (1969) Acta Chem. Scand. [A]. , vol.23 , pp. 892-902
    • Li, T.K.1    Theorell, H.2
  • 174
    • 66149113684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fomepizole for ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning
    • Brent J. Fomepizole for ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 360:2216-2223.
    • (2009) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.360 , pp. 2216-2223
    • Brent, J.1
  • 176
    • 56049120321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert opinion: fomepizole may ameliorate the need for hemodialysis in methanol poisoning
    • Hovda K.E., Jacobsen D. Expert opinion: fomepizole may ameliorate the need for hemodialysis in methanol poisoning. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 2008, 27:539-546.
    • (2008) Hum. Exp. Toxicol. , vol.27 , pp. 539-546
    • Hovda, K.E.1    Jacobsen, D.2
  • 177
    • 0025774315 scopus 로고
    • The effect of fructose on alcohol metabolism and on the [lactate]/[pyruvate] ratio in man
    • Mascord D., Smith J., Starmer G.A., Whitfield J.B. The effect of fructose on alcohol metabolism and on the [lactate]/[pyruvate] ratio in man. Alcohol Alcohol. 1991, 26:53-59.
    • (1991) Alcohol Alcohol. , vol.26 , pp. 53-59
    • Mascord, D.1    Smith, J.2    Starmer, G.A.3    Whitfield, J.B.4
  • 178
    • 0014037677 scopus 로고
    • The influence of fructose and its metabolites on ethanol metabolism in vitro
    • Thieden H.I., Lundquist F. The influence of fructose and its metabolites on ethanol metabolism in vitro. Biochem. J. 1967, 102:177-180.
    • (1967) Biochem. J. , vol.102 , pp. 177-180
    • Thieden, H.I.1    Lundquist, F.2
  • 181
    • 0029144156 scopus 로고
    • Alter Ein in neuem Schlauch Der "promille-killer"party pills
    • Schmidt V., Rescheleit T., Oehmichen M., Schneble H. Alter Ein in neuem Schlauch Der "promille-killer"party pills. Blutalkohol 1995, 32:241-253.
    • (1995) Blutalkohol , vol.32 , pp. 241-253
    • Schmidt, V.1    Rescheleit, T.2    Oehmichen, M.3    Schneble, H.4
  • 182
    • 0023673279 scopus 로고
    • Ernüchterungsmittle-nüchtern betrachter
    • Schneble H. Ernüchterungsmittle-nüchtern betrachter. Blutalkohol 1988, 25:18-65.
    • (1988) Blutalkohol , vol.25 , pp. 18-65
    • Schneble, H.1
  • 183
    • 0015515274 scopus 로고
    • Effect of fructose on blood-alcohol levels
    • Cohen R.D. Effect of fructose on blood-alcohol levels. Lancet 1972, 2:1086.
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1086
    • Cohen, R.D.1
  • 184
    • 0015527658 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of fructose in the treatment of acute alcoholic intoxication
    • Brown S.S., Forrest J.A., Roscoe P. A controlled trial of fructose in the treatment of acute alcoholic intoxication. Lancet 1972, 2:898-899.
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 898-899
    • Brown, S.S.1    Forrest, J.A.2    Roscoe, P.3
  • 185
    • 0015515274 scopus 로고
    • Effect of fructose on blood-alcohol levels
    • Dundee J.W. Effect of fructose on blood-alcohol levels. Lancet 1972, 2:1086.
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1086
    • Dundee, J.W.1
  • 186
    • 0015521322 scopus 로고
    • Dangers of intravenous fructose
    • Woods H.F., Alberti K.G. Dangers of intravenous fructose. Lancet 1972, 2:1354-1357.
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1354-1357
    • Woods, H.F.1    Alberti, K.G.2
  • 188
    • 0015256481 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of chloral hydrate and ethanol in man. 1. Metabolism
    • Sellers E.M., Lang M., Koch-Weser J.K.H. Interaction of chloral hydrate and ethanol in man. 1. Metabolism. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1972, 13:37-49.
    • (1972) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.13 , pp. 37-49
    • Sellers, E.M.1    Lang, M.2    Koch-Weser, J.K.H.3
  • 189
    • 0027324954 scopus 로고
    • Back-estimation of blood alcohol concentration
    • Jones A.W. Back-estimation of blood alcohol concentration. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1993, 35:669-670.
    • (1993) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.35 , pp. 669-670
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 190
    • 0033665839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of breath alcohol profiles following a period of social drinking
    • Ganert P., Bowthorpe W. Evaluation of breath alcohol profiles following a period of social drinking. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. 2000, 33:137-143.
    • (2000) Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. , vol.33 , pp. 137-143
    • Ganert, P.1    Bowthorpe, W.2
  • 191
    • 0037433377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ethanol concentrations in venous blood and end-expired breath during a controlled drinking study
    • Jones A.W., Andersson L. Comparison of ethanol concentrations in venous blood and end-expired breath during a controlled drinking study. Forensic Sci. Int. 2003, 132:18-25.
    • (2003) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.132 , pp. 18-25
    • Jones, A.W.1    Andersson, L.2
  • 192
    • 34247342848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath alcohol concentration determined with a new analyzer using free exhalation predicts almost precisely the arterial blood alcohol concentration
    • Lindberg L., Brauer S., Wollmer P., Goldberg L., Jones A.W., Olsson S.G. Breath alcohol concentration determined with a new analyzer using free exhalation predicts almost precisely the arterial blood alcohol concentration. Forensic Sci. Int. 2007, 168:200-207.
    • (2007) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.168 , pp. 200-207
    • Lindberg, L.1    Brauer, S.2    Wollmer, P.3    Goldberg, L.4    Jones, A.W.5    Olsson, S.G.6
  • 193
    • 33749647676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grundlagen der Pharmakokinetik des Ethanols anhand von Atemalkoholkonzentrationen. Teil 11 Vergleich der mathematischen Approximation der AAK- und BAK-kurven in der Eliminationsphase
    • Dettling A., Böhler S., Fisher F., Ulrichs F., Skopp G., Von Meyer L., Strohbeck-Kühner P., Graw M., Haffner H.T. Grundlagen der Pharmakokinetik des Ethanols anhand von Atemalkoholkonzentrationen. Teil 11 Vergleich der mathematischen Approximation der AAK- und BAK-kurven in der Eliminationsphase. Blutalkohol 2006, 43:376-384.
    • (2006) Blutalkohol , vol.43 , pp. 376-384
    • Dettling, A.1    Böhler, S.2    Fisher, F.3    Ulrichs, F.4    Skopp, G.5    Von Meyer, L.6    Strohbeck-Kühner, P.7    Graw, M.8    Haffner, H.T.9
  • 194
    • 20444373429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widmark factors for local Chinese in Hong Kong. A statistical determination on the effects of various physiological factors
    • Tam T.W., Yang C.T., Fung W.K., Mok V.K. Widmark factors for local Chinese in Hong Kong. A statistical determination on the effects of various physiological factors. Forensic Sci. Int. 2005, 151:23-29.
    • (2005) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.151 , pp. 23-29
    • Tam, T.W.1    Yang, C.T.2    Fung, W.K.3    Mok, V.K.4
  • 195
    • 30344461600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol metabolism of local Chinese in Hong Kong: a statistical determination on the effects of various physiological factors
    • Tam T.W., Yang C.T., Fung W.K., Mok V.K. Alcohol metabolism of local Chinese in Hong Kong: a statistical determination on the effects of various physiological factors. Forensic Sci. Int. 2006, 156:95-101.
    • (2006) Forensic Sci. Int. , vol.156 , pp. 95-101
    • Tam, T.W.1    Yang, C.T.2    Fung, W.K.3    Mok, V.K.4
  • 198
    • 0022657409 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance at high blood alcohol concentrations: a study of 110 cases and review of the literature
    • Perper J.A., Twerski A., Wienand J.W. Tolerance at high blood alcohol concentrations: a study of 110 cases and review of the literature. J. Forensic Sci. 1986, 31:212-221.
    • (1986) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 212-221
    • Perper, J.A.1    Twerski, A.2    Wienand, J.W.3
  • 199
    • 0019797712 scopus 로고
    • Blood ethanol levels in sober alcohol users seen in an emergency room
    • Urso T., Gavaler J.S., Van Thiel D.H. Blood ethanol levels in sober alcohol users seen in an emergency room. Life Sci. 1981, 28:1053-1056.
    • (1981) Life Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 1053-1056
    • Urso, T.1    Gavaler, J.S.2    Van Thiel, D.H.3
  • 200
    • 0023628548 scopus 로고
    • Lack of observable intoxication in humans with high plasma alcohol concentrations
    • Sullivan J.B., Hauptman M., Bronstein A.C. Lack of observable intoxication in humans with high plasma alcohol concentrations. J. Forensic Sci. 1987, 32:1660-1665.
    • (1987) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.32 , pp. 1660-1665
    • Sullivan, J.B.1    Hauptman, M.2    Bronstein, A.C.3
  • 201
    • 0017077861 scopus 로고
    • Clinical examination as medicolegal proof of alcohol intoxication
    • Penttila A., Tenhu M. Clinical examination as medicolegal proof of alcohol intoxication. Med. Sci. Law 1976, 16:95-103.
    • (1976) Med. Sci. Law , vol.16 , pp. 95-103
    • Penttila, A.1    Tenhu, M.2
  • 202
    • 0015126986 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance to, and dependence on, some non-opiate psychotropic drugs
    • Kalant H., LeBlanc A.E., Gibbins R.J. Tolerance to, and dependence on, some non-opiate psychotropic drugs. Pharmacol. Rev. 1971, 23:135-191.
    • (1971) Pharmacol. Rev. , vol.23 , pp. 135-191
    • Kalant, H.1    LeBlanc, A.E.2    Gibbins, R.J.3
  • 203
    • 0021615170 scopus 로고
    • Der Verlauf der Blutalkoholkurve bei großem Trinkmengen
    • Zink P., Reinhardt G. Der Verlauf der Blutalkoholkurve bei großem Trinkmengen. Blutalkohol 1984, 21:422-442.
    • (1984) Blutalkohol , vol.21 , pp. 422-442
    • Zink, P.1    Reinhardt, G.2
  • 204
    • 33845575680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The course of the blood-alcohol curve after consumption of large amounts of alcohol under realistic conditions
    • Jones A.W., Wigmore J.G., House C.J. The course of the blood-alcohol curve after consumption of large amounts of alcohol under realistic conditions. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. 2006, 39:125-140.
    • (2006) Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. , vol.39 , pp. 125-140
    • Jones, A.W.1    Wigmore, J.G.2    House, C.J.3
  • 205
    • 0035936280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol intake: measure for measure
    • Ferner R.E., Chambers J. Alcohol intake: measure for measure. BMJ 2001, 323:1439-1440.
    • (2001) BMJ , vol.323 , pp. 1439-1440
    • Ferner, R.E.1    Chambers, J.2
  • 206
    • 70349706062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A regression model applied to gender-specific ethanol elimination rates from blood and breath measurements in non-alcoholics
    • Dettling A., Witte S., Skopp G., Graw M., Haffner H.T. A regression model applied to gender-specific ethanol elimination rates from blood and breath measurements in non-alcoholics. Int. J. Legal Med. 2008, 123:381-385.
    • (2008) Int. J. Legal Med. , vol.123 , pp. 381-385
    • Dettling, A.1    Witte, S.2    Skopp, G.3    Graw, M.4    Haffner, H.T.5
  • 207
    • 0036905830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faster absorption of ethanol and higher peak concentration in women after gastric bypass surgery
    • Klockhoff H., Naslund I., Jones A.W. Faster absorption of ethanol and higher peak concentration in women after gastric bypass surgery. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2002, 54:587-591.
    • (2002) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.54 , pp. 587-591
    • Klockhoff, H.1    Naslund, I.2    Jones, A.W.3
  • 208
  • 209
    • 0038725901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of blood-ethanol concentration in deaths attributed to acute alcohol poisoning and chronic alcoholism
    • Jones A.W., Holmgren P. Comparison of blood-ethanol concentration in deaths attributed to acute alcohol poisoning and chronic alcoholism. J. Forensic Sci. 2003, 48:874-879.
    • (2003) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 874-879
    • Jones, A.W.1    Holmgren, P.2
  • 210
    • 33746425370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urine as a biological specimen for forensic analysis of alcohol and variability in the urine-to-blood relationship
    • Jones A.W. Urine as a biological specimen for forensic analysis of alcohol and variability in the urine-to-blood relationship. Toxicol. Rev. 2006, 25:15-35.
    • (2006) Toxicol. Rev. , vol.25 , pp. 15-35
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 211
    • 0036128317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of cytochrome P4502E1 activity in man: induction by ethanol and disappearance during withdrawal phase
    • Oneta C.M., Lieber C.S., Li J., Ruttimann S., Schmid B., Lattmann J., Rosman A.S., Seitz H.K. Dynamics of cytochrome P4502E1 activity in man: induction by ethanol and disappearance during withdrawal phase. J. Hepatol. 2002, 36:47-52.
    • (2002) J. Hepatol. , vol.36 , pp. 47-52
    • Oneta, C.M.1    Lieber, C.S.2    Li, J.3    Ruttimann, S.4    Schmid, B.5    Lattmann, J.6    Rosman, A.S.7    Seitz, H.K.8
  • 212
    • 0037425788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical experts and the criminal courts
    • Milroy C.M. Medical experts and the criminal courts. BMJ 2003, 326:294-295.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.326 , pp. 294-295
    • Milroy, C.M.1
  • 213
    • 34250180512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standing up for justice
    • Gornall J. Standing up for justice. BMJ 2007, 334:1139-1141.
    • (2007) BMJ , vol.334 , pp. 1139-1141
    • Gornall, J.1
  • 214
    • 0033599775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Truth, bias, and the medical "expert"
    • Brahams D. Truth, bias, and the medical "expert"Lancet 1999, 353:1380.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1380
    • Brahams, D.1
  • 215
    • 0022579357 scopus 로고
    • Expert evidence in the adversarial system of criminal justice
    • Mason J.K Expert evidence in the adversarial system of criminal justice. Med. Sci. Law 1986, 26:8-12.
    • (1986) Med. Sci. Law , vol.26 , pp. 8-12
    • Mason, J.K.1
  • 216
    • 0031048712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific "experts"and the law
    • Culliton B.J. Scientific "experts"and the law. Nat. Med. 1997, 3:123.
    • (1997) Nat. Med. , vol.3 , pp. 123
    • Culliton, B.J.1
  • 218
    • 0027179466 scopus 로고
    • Presenting expert evidence in criminal proceedings
    • Shepherd J.P. Presenting expert evidence in criminal proceedings. BMJ 1993, 307:817-818.
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.307 , pp. 817-818
    • Shepherd, J.P.1
  • 219
    • 0035145387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expert witness. Neither Frye nor Daubert solved the problem: what can be done?
    • Kaufman H.H. The expert witness. Neither Frye nor Daubert solved the problem: what can be done?. Sci. Justice 2001, 41:7-20.
    • (2001) Sci. Justice , vol.41 , pp. 7-20
    • Kaufman, H.H.1
  • 221
    • 0026041539 scopus 로고
    • Die Methanolkinetik bei chronischem Alkoholismus
    • Bilzer N., Penners B.M., Conrad A. Die Methanolkinetik bei chronischem Alkoholismus. Blutalkohol 1991, 28:377-392.
    • (1991) Blutalkohol , vol.28 , pp. 377-392
    • Bilzer, N.1    Penners, B.M.2    Conrad, A.3
  • 222
    • 0004121718 scopus 로고
    • Human pharmacokinetics of ethanol. 1. Peak blood concentrations and elimination in male and female subjects
    • Dubowski K.M. Human pharmacokinetics of ethanol. 1. Peak blood concentrations and elimination in male and female subjects. Alcohol Tech. Rep. 1976, 5:55-63.
    • (1976) Alcohol Tech. Rep. , vol.5 , pp. 55-63
    • Dubowski, K.M.1
  • 223
    • 16744368566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in saliva and blood after oral ingestion
    • Gubala W., Zuba D. Gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in saliva and blood after oral ingestion. Pol. J. Pharmacol. 2003, 55:639-644.
    • (2003) Pol. J. Pharmacol. , vol.55 , pp. 639-644
    • Gubala, W.1    Zuba, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.