Ethyl sulfate: A metabolite of ethanol in humans and a potential biomarker of acute alcohol intake

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

Volumn 29, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 270-274

  Helander, Anders ^a,b   Beck, Olof ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; ETHYL GLUCURONIDE; ETHYL SULFATE; GLUCURONIDE; SULFATE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONFERENCE PAPER; FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION IMMUNOASSAY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NORMAL HUMAN; URINALYSIS; URINARY EXCRETION; URINE LEVEL;

EID: 23944442971     PISSN: 01464760     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jat/29.5.270     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (24)

1. A.W. Jones. Excretion of alcohol in urine and diuresis in healthy men in relation to their age, the dose administered and the time after drinking. Forensic Sci. Int. 45: 217-224 (1990).
2. H. Dahl, N. Stephanson, O. Beck, and A. Helander. Comparison of urinary excretion characteristics of ethanol and ethyl glucuronide. J. Anal. Toxicol. 26: 201-204 (2002).
3. I.A. Kamil, J.N. Smith, and R.T. Williams. A new aspect of ethanol metabolism: isolation of ethyl glucuronide. Biochem. J. 51: 32-33 (1952).
4. P.I. Jaakonmaki, K.L. Knox, E.C. Horning, and M.G. Horning. The characterization by gas-liquid chromatography of ethyl β-glucosiduronic acid as a metabolite of ethanol in rat and man. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1: 63-70 (1967).
5. G. Schmitt, R. Aderjan, T. Keller, and M. Wu. Ethyl glucuronide: an unusual ethanol metabolite in humans. Synthesis, analytical data, and determination in serum and urine. J. Anal. Toxicol. 19: 91-94 (1995).
6. M. Nishikawa, H. Tsuchihashi, A. Miki, M. Katagi, G. Schmitt, H. Zimmer, T. Keller, and R. Aderjan. Determination of ethyl glucuronide, a minor metabolite of ethanol, in human serum by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B 726: 105-110 (1999).
7. F.M. Wurst, C. Kempter, S. Seidl, and A. Alt. Ethyl glucuronidea marker of alcohol consumption and a relapse marker with clinical and forensic implications. Alcohol Alcohol. 34: 71-77 (1999).
8. N. Stephanson, H. Dahl, A. Helander, and O. Beck. Direct quantification of ethyl glucuronide in clinical urine samples by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ther. Drug Monit. 24: 645-651 (2002).
9. S. Seidl, F.M. Wurst, and A. Alt. Ethyl glucuronide - a biological marker for recent alcohol consumption. Addict. Biol. 6: 205-212 (2001).
10. J. Bergström, A. Helander, and A.W. Jones. Ethyl glucuronide concentrations in two successive urinary voids from drinking drivers: relationship to creatinine content and blood and urine ethanol concentrations. Forensic Sci. Int. 133: 86-94 (2003).
11. W. Weinmann, P. Schaefer, A. Thierauf, A. Schreiber, and F.M. Wurst. Confirmatory analysis of ethylglucuronide in urine by liquid-chromatography/ electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry according to forensic guidelines. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 15: 188-193 (2004).
12. G. Schmitt, P. Droenner, G. Skopp, and R. Aderjan. Ethyl glucuronide concentration in serum of human volunteers, teetotalers, and suspected drinking drivers. J. Forensic Sci. 42: 1099-1102 (1997).
13. A. Vestermark and H. Boström. Studies on ester sulfates. V. On the enzymatic formation of ester sulfates of primary aliphatic alcohols. Exp. Cell Res. 18: 174-177 (1959).
14. H. Boström and A. Vestermark. Studies on ester sulphates. 7. On the excretion of sulphate conjugates of primary aliphatic alcohols in the urine of rats. Acta Physiol. Scand. 48: 88-94 (1960).
15. J. Bernstein, P. Meneses, C. Basilio, and B. Martinez. Further characterization of the pulmonary ethanol metabolizing system (PET). Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 46: 121-136 (1986).
16. J.E. Manautou and G.P. Carlson. Comparison of pulmonary and hepatic glucuronidation and sulphination of ethanol in rat and rabbit in vitro. Xenobiotica 22: 1309-1319 (1992).
17. A. Helander and O. Beck. Mass spectrometric identification of ethyl sulfate as an ethanol metabolite in humans. Clin. Chem. 50: 936-937 (2004).
18. A. Helander, O. Beck, and A.W. Jones. Laboratory testing for recent alcohol consumption: comparison of ethanol, methanol, and 5-hydroxytryptophol. Clin. Chem. 42: 618-624 (1996).
19. O. Beck and A. Helander. 5-Hydroxytryptophol as a marker for recent alcohol intake. Addiction 98(suppl 2): 63-72 (2003).
20. H. Schneider and H. Glatt. Sulpho-conjugation of ethanol in humans in vivo and by individual sulphotransferase forms in vitro. Biochem. J. 383: 549-549 (2004).
21. S. Dresen, W. Weinmann, and F.M. Wurst. Forensic confirmatory analysis of ethyl sulfate-a new marker for alcohol consumption-by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 15: 1644-1648 (2004).
22. B. Maralikova and W. Weinmann. Confirmatory analysis for drugs of abuse in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with respect to criteria for compound identification. J. Chromatogr. B 811: 21-30 (2004).
23. M.W. Coughtrie. Sulfation through the looking glass-recent advances in sulfotransferase research for the curious. Pharmacogenomics J. 2: 297-308 (2002).
24. A.K. Daly. Pharmacogenetics of the major polymorphic metabolizing enzymes. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 17: 27-41 (2003).