메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2010, Issue , 2010, Pages

Immunobiology of African trypanosomes: Need of alternative interventions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTITRYPANOSOMAL AGENT; APOLIPOPROTEIN; EFLORNITHINE; INSECTICIDE; MELARSOPROL; NIFURTIMOX; PENTAMIDINE; RIBOSOME RNA; SURAMIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEIN; ANTIGEN; DNA; GLYCOPROTEIN; KINETOPLAST DNA; RNA;

EID: 77953157365     PISSN: 11107243     EISSN: 11107251     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2010/389153     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (50)

References (297)
  • 1
    • 10044268562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep structure: A new diagnostic tool for stage determination in sleeping sickness
    • DOI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.10.001, PII S0001706X04002141
    • A. Buguet, S. Bisser, T. Josenando, F. Chapotot, and R. Cespuglio, "Sleep structure: a new diagnostic tool for stage determination in sleeping sickness," Acta Tropica, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 107-117, 2005. (Pubitemid 39611360)
    • (2005) Acta Tropica , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-117
    • Buguet, A.1    Bisser, S.2    Josenando, T.3    Chapotot, F.4    Cespuglio, R.5
  • 2
    • 0034986144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleeping sickness surveillance: An essential step towards elimination
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00669.x
    • P. Cattand, J. Jannin, and P. Lucas, "Sleeping sickness surveillance: an essential step towards elimination," Tr o p i c a l Medicine and International Health, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 348-361, 2001. (Pubitemid 32510073)
    • (2001) Tropical Medicine and International Health , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 348-361
    • Cattand, P.1    Jannin, J.2    Lucas, P.3
  • 3
    • 0003583545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO control and surveillance of African trypanosomiasis
    • Report of WHO Expert Comittee, no. 881, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • WHO, Control and Surveillance of African Trypanosomiasis, Report of WHO Expert Comittee, WHO Technical Report Series, no. 881, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1998.
    • (1998) WHO Technical Report Series
  • 4
    • 0027424706 scopus 로고
    • Current situation of African trypanosomia-sis
    • F. A. S. Kuzoe, "Current situation of African trypanosomia-sis, " Acta Tropica, vol. 54, no. 3-4, pp. 153-162, 1993.
    • (1993) Acta Tropica , vol.54 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 153-162
    • Kuzoe, F.A.S.1
  • 5
    • 49549133352 scopus 로고
    • Tsetse flies as vectors of trypanosomes
    • A. M. Jordan, "Tsetse flies as vectors of trypanosomes," Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 143-152, 1976.
    • (1976) Veterinary Parasitology , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 143-152
    • Jordan, A.M.1
  • 6
    • 84858634537 scopus 로고
    • The influence of tsetse flies on the distribution of African cattle
    • Salisbury, Md, USA
    • J. Ford, "The influence of tsetse flies on the distribution of African cattle," in Proceedings of the 1st Federal Scientific Congress, pp. 357-365, Salisbury, Md, USA, 1960.
    • (1960) Proceedings of the 1st Federal Scientific Congress , pp. 357-365
    • Ford, J.1
  • 10
    • 17144426409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new form of human trypanosomiasis in India. Description of the first human case in the world caused by Trypanosoma evansi
    • WHO
    • WHO, "A new form of human trypanosomiasis in India. Description of the first human case in the world caused by Trypanosoma evansi," Weekly Epidemiological Record, vol. 80, no. 7, pp. 62-63, 2005.
    • (2005) Weekly Epidemiological Record , vol.80 , Issue.7 , pp. 62-63
  • 12
    • 84858642698 scopus 로고
    • Protozoaires Flagellés (Trypanosomatida): parasite du sang et des tissues. Généralités
    • De Boek, Bruxelles, Belgium
    • M. Wéry, "Protozoaires Flagellés (Trypanosomatida): parasite du sang et des tissues. Généralités," in Protozoologie M ́edical, pp. 83-89, De Boek, Bruxelles, Belgium, 1995.
    • (1995) Protozoologie M ́edical , pp. 83-89
    • Wéry, M.1
  • 13
    • 0033079677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developments in the differentiation of trypanosoma brucei
    • PII S0169475898013817
    • K. R. Matthews, "Developments in the differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei," Parasitology Today, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 76-80, 1999. (Pubitemid 129760612)
    • (1999) Parasitology Today , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 76-80
    • Matthews, K.R.1
  • 14
    • 0035222844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antigenic variation in trypanosomes: Enhanced phenotypic variation in a eukaryotic parasite
    • J. David Barry and R. McCulloch, "Antigenic variation in try-panosomes: enhanced phenotypic variation in a eukaryotic parasite," Advances in Parasitology, vol. 49, pp. 2-70, 2001. (Pubitemid 32641452)
    • (2001) Advances in Parasitology , vol.49 , pp. 2-70
    • David Barry, J.1    McCulloch, R.2
  • 15
    • 0021877040 scopus 로고
    • Developmental cycles and biology of pathogenic trypanosomes
    • K. Vickerman, "Developmental cycles and biology of pathogenic trypanosomes," British Medical Bulletin, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 105-114, 1985. (Pubitemid 15059394)
    • (1985) British Medical Bulletin , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-114
    • Vickerman, K.1
  • 16
    • 0013851739 scopus 로고
    • Polymorphism and mitochondrial activity in sleeping sickness trypanosomes
    • K. Vickerman, "Polymorphism and mitochondrial activity in sleeping sickness trypanosomes," Nature, vol. 208, no. 5012, pp. 762-766, 1965.
    • (1965) Nature , vol.208 , Issue.5012 , pp. 762-766
    • Vickerman, K.1
  • 17
    • 0346099248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular regulation of the life cycle of African trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2003.10.016
    • K. R. Matthews, J. R. Ellis, and A. Paterou, "Molecular regulation of the life cycle of African trypanosomes," Tr e n d s in Parasitology, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 40-47, 2004. (Pubitemid 38045238)
    • (2004) Trends in Parasitology , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 40-47
    • Matthews, K.R.1    Ellis, J.R.2    Paterou, A.3
  • 18
    • 0030696101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of African trypanosomes is controlled by a density sensing mechanism which signals cell cycle arrest via the cAMP pathway
    • E. Vassella, B. Reuner, B. Yutzy, and M. Boshart, "Differentiation of African trypanosomes is controlled by a density sensing mechanism which signals cell cycle arrest via the cAMP pathway," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 110, no. 21, pp. 2661-2671, 1997. (Pubitemid 27499424)
    • (1997) Journal of Cell Science , vol.110 , Issue.21 , pp. 2661-2671
    • Vassella, E.1    Reuner, B.2    Yutzy, B.3    Boshart, M.4
  • 19
    • 0030690987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bloodstream differentiation-division of Trypanosoma brucei studied using mitochondrial markers
    • DOI 10.1098/rspb.1997.0205
    • K. M. Tyler, K. R. Matthews, and K. Gull, "The bloodstream differentiation-division of Trypanosoma brucei studied using mitochondrial markers," Proceedings of the Royal Society B, vol. 264, no. 1387, pp. 1481-1490, 1997. (Pubitemid 27480704)
    • (1997) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences , vol.264 , Issue.1387 , pp. 1481-1490
    • Tyler, K.M.1    Matthews, K.R.2    Gull, K.3
  • 20
    • 0027184877 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of immune killing mechanisms on Trypanosoma brucei parasites of slender and stumpy morphology
    • L. M. L. McLintock, C. M. R. Turner, and K. Vickerman, "Comparison of the effects of immune killing mechanisms on Trypanosoma brucei parasites of slender and stumpy morphology," Parasite Immunology, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 475-480, 1993. (Pubitemid 23248600)
    • (1993) Parasite Immunology , vol.15 , Issue.8 , pp. 475-480
    • McLintock, L.M.L.1    Turner, C.M.R.2    Vickerman, K.3
  • 22
    • 0032717332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of transgenic Trypanosoma brucei to identify compounds inducing the differentiation of bloodstream forms to procyclic forms
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(99)00157-7, PII S0166685199001577
    • S. Sbicego, E. Vassella, U. Kurath, B. Blum, and I. Roditi, "The use of transgenic Trypanosoma brucei to identify compounds inducing the differentiation of bloodstream forms to procyclic forms," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 104, no. 2, pp. 311-322, 1999. (Pubitemid 29533316)
    • (1999) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.104 , Issue.2 , pp. 311-322
    • Sbicego, S.1    Vassella, E.2    Kurath, U.3    Blum, B.4    Roditi, I.5
  • 23
    • 0027314162 scopus 로고
    • Proteolytic release of cell surface proteins during differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei
    • K. Ziegelbauer, B. Stahl, M. Karas, Y.-D. Stierhof, and P. Overath, "Proteolytic release of cell surface proteins during differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei," Biochemistry, vol. 32, no. 14, pp. 3737-3742, 1993. (Pubitemid 23126951)
    • (1993) Biochemistry , vol.32 , Issue.14 , pp. 3737-3742
    • Ziegelbauer, K.1    Stahl, B.2    Karas, M.3    Stierhof, Y.-D.4    Overath, P.5
  • 24
    • 0025001847 scopus 로고
    • Surface antigen change during differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei
    • K. Ziegelbauer and P. Overath, "Surface antigen change during differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei," Biochemical Society Transactions, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 731-733, 1990. (Pubitemid 20359282)
    • (1990) Biochemical Society Transactions , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 731-733
    • Ziegelbauer, K.1    Overath, P.2
  • 25
    • 0043092063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface Coat Remodeling during Differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M301497200
    • A. E. Gruszynski, A. DeMaster, N. M. Hooper, and J. D. Bangs, "Surface coat remodeling during differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 278, no. 27, pp. 24665-24672, 2003. (Pubitemid 37548622)
    • (2003) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.278 , Issue.27 , pp. 24665-24672
    • Gruszynski, A.E.1    DeMaster, A.2    Hooper, N.M.3    Bangs, J.D.4
  • 26
    • 33646032714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of surface coat exchange by differentiating African trypanosomes
    • A. E. Gruszynski, F. J. van Deursen, M. C. Albareda, et al., "Regulation of surface coat exchange by differentiating African trypanosomes," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitol-ogy, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 211-223, 2006.
    • (2006) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitol-ogy , vol.147 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-223
    • Gruszynski, A.E.1    Van Deursen, F.J.2    Albareda, M.C.3
  • 27
    • 14044264288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The developmental cell biology of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1242/jcs.01649
    • K. R. Matthews, "The developmental cell biology of Tr y -panosoma brucei," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 118, no. 2, pp. 283-290, 2005. (Pubitemid 40277341)
    • (2005) Journal of Cell Science , vol.118 , Issue.2 , pp. 283-290
    • Matthews, K.R.1
  • 30
    • 0025162964 scopus 로고
    • Genetic exchange in African trypanosomes
    • J. Sternberg and A. Tait, "Genetic exchange in African trypanosomes," Trendsin Genetics , vol. 6, no. 10, pp. 317-322, 1990.
    • (1990) Trendsin Genetics , vol.6 , Issue.10 , pp. 317-322
    • Sternberg, J.1    Tait, A.2
  • 31
    • 0026060477 scopus 로고
    • T h e e ffects of genetic exchange on variable antigen expression in Trypanosoma brucei
    • C. M. R. Turner, N. Aslam, E. Smith, N. Buchanan, and A. Ta i t , " T h e e ffects of genetic exchange on variable antigen expression in Trypanosoma brucei," Parasitology, vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 379-386, 1991.
    • (1991) Parasitology , vol.103 , Issue.3 , pp. 379-386
    • Turner, C.M.R.1    Aslam, N.2    Smith, E.3    Buchanan, N.4    Tait, A.5
  • 32
    • 0025642730 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the mechanism of gene exchange in Trypanosoma brucei involves meiosis and syngamy
    • C. M. R. Turner, J. Sternberg, N. Buchanan, E. Smith, G. Hide, and A. Tait, "Evidence that the mechanism of gene exchange in Trypanosoma brucei involves meiosis and syngamy," Parasitology, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 377-386, 1990.
    • (1990) Parasitology , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-386
    • Turner, C.M.R.1    Sternberg, J.2    Buchanan, N.3    Smith, E.4    Hide, G.5    Tait, A.6
  • 33
    • 0022490117 scopus 로고
    • Hybrid formation between African trypanosomes during cyclical transmission
    • L. Jenni, S. Marti, and J. Schweizer, "Hybrid formation between African trypanosomes during cyclical transmission," Nature, vol. 322, no. 6075, pp. 173-175, 1986. (Pubitemid 16005454)
    • (1986) Nature , vol.322 , Issue.6075 , pp. 173-175
    • Jenni, L.1    Marti, S.2    Schweizer, J.3
  • 34
    • 0025976694 scopus 로고
    • Hybrid formation in the life cycle of Trypanosoma (T) brucei: Detection of hybrid trypanosomes in a midgut-derived isolate
    • J. Schweizer and L. Jenni, "Hybrid formation in the life cycle of Trypanosoma (T) brucei: detection of hybrid trypanosomes in a midgut-derived isolate," Acta Tropica, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 319-321, 1991.
    • (1991) Acta Tropica , vol.48 , Issue.4 , pp. 319-321
    • Schweizer, J.1    Jenni, L.2
  • 35
    • 0035218356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel GFP approach for the analysis of genetic exchange in trypanosomes allowing the in situ detection of mating events
    • L. E. H. Bingle, J. L. Eastlake, M. Bailey, and W. C. Gibson, "A novel GFP approach for the analysis of genetic exchange in trypanosomes allowing the in situ detection of mating events," Microbiology, vol. 147, no. 12, pp. 3231-3240, 2001. (Pubitemid 33150329)
    • (2001) Microbiology , vol.147 , Issue.12 , pp. 3231-3240
    • Bingle, L.E.H.1    Eastlake, J.L.2    Bailey, M.3    Gibson, W.C.4
  • 36
    • 0032904299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei spp. development in the tsetse fly: Characterization of the post-mesocyclic stages in the foregut and proboscis
    • DOI 10.1017/S0031182099004217
    • J. Van Den Abbeele, Y. Claes, D. Van Bockstaele, D. Le Ray, and M. Coosemans, "Trypanosoma brucei spp. development in the tsetse fly: characterization of the post-mesocyclic stages in the foregut and proboscis," Parasitology, vol. 118, no. 5, pp. 469-478, 1999. (Pubitemid 29224616)
    • (1999) Parasitology , vol.118 , Issue.5 , pp. 469-478
    • Van Den Abbeele, J.1    Claes, Y.2    Van Bockstaele, D.3    Le Ray, D.4    Coosemans, M.5
  • 37
    • 0035339847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex and evolution in trypanosomes
    • PII S0020751901001382
    • W. Gibson, "Sex and evolution in trypanosomes," International Journal for Parasitology, vol. 31, no. 5-6, pp. 643-647, 2001. (Pubitemid 32382070)
    • (2001) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.31 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 643-647
    • Gibson, W.1
  • 38
    • 0033044388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic exchange in the try-panosomatidae
    • W. Gibson and J. Stevens, "Genetic exchange in the try-panosomatidae," Advances in Parasitology, vol. 43, pp. 1-46, 1999.
    • (1999) Advances in Parasitology , vol.43 , pp. 1-46
    • Gibson, W.1    Stevens, J.2
  • 39
    • 0031661034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma evansi and T. equiperdum: Distribution, biology, treatment and phylogenetic relationship (a review)
    • DOI 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00146-0, PII S0304401798001460
    • R. Brun, H. Hecker, and Z.-R. Lun, "Trypanosoma evansi and T. equiperdum: distribution, biology, treatment and phylogenetic relationship (a review)," Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 95-107, 1998. (Pubitemid 28430269)
    • (1998) Veterinary Parasitology , vol.79 , Issue.2 , pp. 95-107
    • Brun, R.1    Hecker, H.2    Lun, Z.-R.3
  • 40
    • 0023097142 scopus 로고
    • Kinetoplast DNA of Trypanosoma evansi
    • DOI 10.1016/0166-6851(87)90184-8
    • P. Borst, F. Fase-Fowler, and W. C. Gibson, "Kinetoplast DNA of Trypanosoma evansi," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitolog y, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 31-38, 1987. (Pubitemid 17034738)
    • (1987) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-38
    • Borst, P.1    Fase-Fowler, F.2    Gibson, W.C.3
  • 41
    • 0029166451 scopus 로고
    • Protein trafficking in kinetoplastid protozoa
    • C. Clayton, T. Hausler, and J. Blattner, "Protein trafficking in kinetoplastid protozoa," Microbiological Reviews, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 325-344, 1995.
    • (1995) Microbiological Reviews , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 325-344
    • Clayton, C.1    Hausler, T.2    Blattner, J.3
  • 42
    • 0034516249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inside and outside of the trypanosome flagellum: A multifunctional organelle
    • DOI 10.1016/S1286-4579(00)01344-7
    • P. Bastin, T. J. Pullen, F. F. Moreira-Leite, and K. Gull, "Inside and outside of the trypanosome flagellum: a multifunctional organelle," Microbes and Infection, vol. 2, no. 15, pp. 1865-1874, 2000. (Pubitemid 32063540)
    • (2000) Microbes and Infection , vol.2 , Issue.15 , pp. 1865-1874
    • Bastin, P.1    Pullen, T.J.2    Moreira-Leite, F.F.3    Gull, K.4
  • 43
    • 0023034004 scopus 로고
    • Kinetoplast DNA of Bodo caudatus: A noncatenated structure
    • S. L. Hajduk, A. M. Siqueira, and K. Vickerman, "Kinetoplast DNA of Bodo caudatus: a noncatenated structure," Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 4372-4378, 1986.
    • (1986) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 4372-4378
    • Hajduk, S.L.1    Siqueira, A.M.2    Vickerman, K.3
  • 44
    • 0023464113 scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial genome of kinetoplastid protozoa: Genomic organization, transcription, replication, and evolution
    • L. Simpson, "The mitochondrial genome of kinetoplastid protozoa: genomic organization, transcription, replication, and evolution," Annual Review of Microbiology, vol. 41, pp. 363-382, 1987.
    • (1987) Annual Review of Microbiology , vol.41 , pp. 363-382
    • Simpson, L.1
  • 45
    • 0023644770 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the maxicircle (mitochondrial) genomes of Leishmania tarentolae and Trypanosoma brucei at the level of nucleotide sequence
    • L. Simpson, N. Neckelmann, V. F. de la Cruz, et al., "Comparison of the maxicircle (mitochondrial) genomes of Leishmania tarentolae and Trypanosoma brucei at the level of nucleotide sequence," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 262, no. 13, pp. 6182-6196, 1987.
    • (1987) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.262 , Issue.13 , pp. 6182-6196
    • Simpson, L.1    Neckelmann, N.2    De La Cruz, V.F.3
  • 46
    • 33745851827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 reductase-like protein causes kinetoplast DNA Loss in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M602880200
    • S. A. Motyka, et al., "Overexpression of a cytochrome B5 reductase-like protein causes kinetoplast DNA loss in Trypanosoma brucei," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 281, pp. 18499-18506, 2006. (Pubitemid 44035509)
    • (2006) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.281 , Issue.27 , pp. 18499-18506
    • Motyka, S.A.1    Drew, M.E.2    Yildirir, G.3    Englund, P.T.4
  • 47
    • 22044434857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fellowship of the rings: The replication of kinetoplast DNA
    • DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2005.06.008, PII S1471492205001698
    • B. Liu, Y. Liu, S. A. Motyka, E. E. C. Agbo, and P. T. Englund, "Fellowship of the rings: the replication of kinetoplast DNA," Trends in Parasitology, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 363-369, 2005. (Pubitemid 40968137)
    • (2005) Trends in Parasitology , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 363-369
    • Liu, B.1    Liu, Y.2    Motyka, S.A.3    Agbo, E.E.C.4    Englund, P.T.5
  • 48
    • 0025369691 scopus 로고
    • Kinetoplast DNA minicircles encode guide RNAs for editing of cytochrome oxidase subunit III mRNA
    • N. R. Sturm and L. Simpson, "Kinetoplast DNA minicircles encode guide RNAs for editing of cytochrome oxidase subunit III mRNA," Cell, vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 879-884, 1990.
    • (1990) Cell , vol.61 , Issue.5 , pp. 879-884
    • Sturm, N.R.1    Simpson, L.2
  • 49
    • 0025948128 scopus 로고
    • tRNAs of trypanosoma brucei: Unusual gene organization and mitochondrial importation
    • J. C. Mottram, S. D. Bell, R. G. Nelson, and J. D. Barry, "tRNAs of Trypanosoma brucei: unusual gene organization and mitochondrial importation," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 266, no. 27, pp. 18313-18317, 1991. (Pubitemid 21908081)
    • (1991) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.266 , Issue.27 , pp. 18313-18317
    • Mottram, J.C.1    Bell, S.D.2    Nelson, R.G.3    David Barry, J.4
  • 50
    • 0023776962 scopus 로고
    • The variable region of the Trypanosoma brucei kinetoplast maxicircle: Sequence and transcript analysis of a repetitive and a non-repetitive fragment
    • B. F. de Vries, E. Mulder, J. P. J. Brakenhoff, P. Sloof, and R. Benne, "The variable region of the Trypanosoma brucei kinetoplast maxicircle: sequence and transcript analysis of a repetitive and a non-repetitive fragment," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 71-82, 1988.
    • (1988) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-82
    • De Vries, B.F.1    Mulder, E.2    Brakenhoff, J.P.J.3    Sloof, P.4    Benne, R.5
  • 51
    • 0025048541 scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial tRNAs of Trypanosoma brucei are nuclear encoded
    • K. Hancock and S. L. Jahduk, "The mitochondrial tRNAs of Trypanosoma brucei are nuclear encoded," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 265, no. 31, pp. 19208-19215, 1990.
    • (1990) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.265 , Issue.31 , pp. 19208-19215
    • Hancock, K.1    Jahduk, S.L.2
  • 52
    • 0032693564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein transport and flagellum assembly dynamics revealed by analysis of the paralysed trypanosome mutant snl-1
    • P. Bastin, T. J. Pullen, T. Sherwin, and K. Gull, "Protein transport and flagellum assembly dynamics revealed by analysis of the paralysed trypanosome mutant snl-1," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 112, no. 21, pp. 3769-3777, 1999.
    • (1999) Journal of Cell Science , vol.112 , Issue.21 , pp. 3769-3777
    • Bastin, P.1    Pullen, T.J.2    Sherwin, T.3    Gull, K.4
  • 54
    • 0142105416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel roles for the flagellum in cell morphogenesis and cytokinesis of trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1093/emboj/cdg518
    • L. Kohl, D. Robinson, and P. Bastin, "Novel roles for the flagellum in cell morphogenesis and cytokinesis of trypanosomes," EMBO Journal, vol. 22, no. 20, pp. 5336-5346, 2003. (Pubitemid 37279944)
    • (2003) EMBO Journal , vol.22 , Issue.20 , pp. 5336-5346
    • Kohl, L.1    Robinson, D.2    Bastin, P.3
  • 55
    • 24644487690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The flagellum of trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/S0074-7696(05)44006-1, PII S0074769605440061
    • L. Kohl and P. Bastin, "The flagellum of trypanosomes," International Review of Cytology, vol. 244, pp. 227-285, 2005. (Pubitemid 41264852)
    • (2005) International Review of Cytology , vol.244 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 227-285
    • Kohl, L.1    Bastin, P.2
  • 56
    • 3843103801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocytosis, membrane recycling and sorting of GPI-anchored proteins: Trypanosoma brucei as a model system
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04224.x
    • P. Overath and M. Engstler, "Endocytosis, membrane recycling and sorting of GPI-anchored proteins: Trypanosoma brucei as a model system," Molecular Microbiology, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 735-744, 2004. (Pubitemid 39036955)
    • (2004) Molecular Microbiology , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 735-744
    • Overath, P.1    Engstler, M.2
  • 57
    • 0027278436 scopus 로고
    • The flagellar pocket of trypanosomatids
    • DOI 10.1016/0169-4758(93)90008-4
    • P. Webster and D. G. Russell, "The flagellar pocket of trypanosomatids," Parasitology Today, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 201-206, 1993. (Pubitemid 23145167)
    • (1993) Parasitology Today , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 201-206
    • Webster, P.1    Russell, D.G.2
  • 58
    • 70350182209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The trypanosome flagellar pocket
    • M. C. Field and M. Carrington, "The trypanosome flagellar pocket," Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 775-786, 2009.
    • (2009) Nature Reviews Microbiology , vol.7 , Issue.11 , pp. 775-786
    • Field, M.C.1    Carrington, M.2
  • 59
    • 13244290067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex management: RNA editing in trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tibs.2004.12.006, PII S0968000404003202
    • K. D. Stuart, A. Schnaufer, N. L. Ernst, and A. K. Panigrahi, "Complex management: RNA editing in trypanosomes," Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 97-105, 2005. (Pubitemid 40187302)
    • (2005) Trends in Biochemical Sciences , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 97-105
    • Stuart, K.D.1    Schnaufer, A.2    Ernst, N.L.3    Panigrahi, A.K.4
  • 60
    • 33646870148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compositionally and functionally distinct editosomes in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1261/rna.45506
    • A. K. Panigrahi, N. L. Ernst, G. J. Domingo, M. Fleck, R. Salavati, and K. D. Stuart, "Compositionally and functionally distinct editosomes in Trypanosoma brucei," RNA, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1038-1049, 2006. (Pubitemid 43788122)
    • (2006) RNA , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 1038-1049
    • Panigrahi, A.K.1    Ernst, N.L.2    Domingo, G.J.3    Fleck, M.4    Salavati, R.5    Stuart, K.D.6
  • 61
    • 33646760670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Importance of RNA Structure in RNA Editing and a Potential Proofreading Mechanism for Correct Guide RNA:pre-mRNA Binary Complex Formation
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.03.041, PII S0022283606003858
    • D. E. Golden and S. L. Hajduk, "The importance of RNA structure in RNA editing and a potential proofreading mechanism for correct guide RNA:pre-mRNA binary complex formation," Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 359, no. 3, pp. 585-596, 2006. (Pubitemid 43767263)
    • (2006) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.359 , Issue.3 , pp. 585-596
    • Golden, D.E.1    Hajduk, S.L.2
  • 62
    • 0026680888 scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial ribosomal RNA synthesis, processing and developmentally regulated expression
    • E. F. Michelotti, M. E. Harris, B. Adler, A. F. Torri, and S. L. Hajduk, "Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial ribosomal RNA synthesis, processing and developmentally regulated expression," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 31-41, 1992.
    • (1992) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-41
    • Michelotti, E.F.1    Harris, M.E.2    Adler, B.3    Torri, A.F.4    Hajduk, S.L.5
  • 63
    • 3042616190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The small chromosomes of Trypanosama brucei involved in antigenic variation are constructed around repetititve palindromes
    • DOI 10.1101/gr.2227704
    • B. Wickstead, K. Ersfeld, and K. Gull, "The small chromosomes of Trypanosama brucei involved in antigenic variation are constructed around repetititve palindromes," Genome Research, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1014-1024, 2004. (Pubitemid 38811537)
    • (2004) Genome Research , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 1014-1024
    • Wickstead, B.1    Ersfeld, K.2    Gull, K.3
  • 64
    • 0036464010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new, expressed multigene family containing a hot spot for insertion of retroelements is associated with polymorphic subtelomeric regions of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1128/EC.1.1.137-151.2002
    • F. Bringaud, N. Biteau, S. E. Melville, et al., "A new, expressed multigene family containing a hot spot for insertion of retroelements is associated with polymorphic subtelomeric regions of Trypanosoma brucei," Eukaryotic Cell, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 137-151, 2002. (Pubitemid 36562357)
    • (2002) Eukaryotic Cell , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 137-151
    • Bringaud, F.1    Biteau, N.2    Melville, S.E.3    Hez, S.4    El-Sayed, N.M.5    Leech, V.6    Berriman, M.7    Hall, N.8    Donelson, J.E.9    Baltz, T.10
  • 66
    • 0023464501 scopus 로고
    • Compartmentation of carbohydrate metabolism in trypanosomes
    • F. R. Opperdoes, "Compartmentation of carbohydrate metabolism in trypanosomes," Annual Review of Microbiology, vol. 41, pp. 127-151, 1987.
    • (1987) Annual Review of Microbiology , vol.41 , pp. 127-151
    • Opperdoes, F.R.1
  • 68
    • 0021142570 scopus 로고
    • Purification, morphometric analysis, and characterization of the glycosomes (microbodies) of the protozoan hemoflagellate Trypanosoma brucei
    • F. R. Opperdoes, P. Baudhuin, and I. Coppens, "Purification, morphometric analysis, and characterization of the glycosomes (microbodies) of the protozoan hemoflagellate Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 98, no. 4, pp. 1178-1184, 1984. (Pubitemid 14128900)
    • (1984) Journal of Cell Biology , vol.98 , Issue.4 , pp. 1178-1184
    • Opperdoes, F.R.1    Baudhuin, P.2    Coppens, I.3
  • 69
    • 0032578490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compartmentation of phosphoglycerate kinase in Trypanosoma brucei plays a critical role in parasite energy metabolism
    • DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.20.11596
    • J. Blattner, S. Helfert, P. Michels, and C. Clayton, "Com- partmentation of phosphoglycerate kinase in Trypanosoma brucei plays a critical role in parasite energy metabolism," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 95, no. 20, pp. 11596-11600, 1998. (Pubitemid 28460460)
    • (1998) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.95 , Issue.20 , pp. 11596-11600
    • Blattner, J.1    Helfert, S.2    Michels, P.3    Clayton, C.4
  • 70
    • 0035397515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of triosephosphate isomerase and aerobic metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1042/0264-6021:3570117
    • S. Helfert, A. M. Estévez, B. Bakker, P. Michels, and C. Clayton, "Roles of triosephosphate isomerase and aerobic metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei," Biochemical Journal, vol. 357, no. 1, pp. 117-125, 2001. (Pubitemid 32642909)
    • (2001) Biochemical Journal , vol.357 , Issue.1 , pp. 117-125
    • Helfert, S.1    Estevez, A.M.2    Bakker, B.3    Michels, P.4    Clayton, C.5
  • 71
    • 0034333236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic aspects of glycosomes in trypanosomatidae-new data and views
    • P. A. M. Michels, V. Hannaert, and F. Bringaud, "Metabolic aspects of glycosomes in trypanosomatidae-new data and views," Parasitology Today, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 482-489, 2000.
    • (2000) Parasitology Today , vol.16 , Issue.11 , pp. 482-489
    • Michels, P.A.M.1    Hannaert, V.2    Bringaud, F.3
  • 73
    • 0036629337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compartmentation of enzymes in a microbody, the glycosome, is essential in Trypanosoma brucei
    • C. Guerra-Giraldez, L. Quijada, and C. E. Clayton, "Com- partmentation of enzymes in a microbody, the glycosome, is essential in Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 115, no. 13, pp. 2651-2658, 2002. (Pubitemid 34846506)
    • (2002) Journal of Cell Science , vol.115 , Issue.13 , pp. 2651-2658
    • Guerra-Giraldez, C.1    Quijada, L.2    Clayton, C.E.3
  • 74
    • 33745060757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative proteomics of glycosomes from bloodstream form and procyclic culture form Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • DOI 10.1002/pmic.200500668
    • C. Colasante, M. Ellis, T. Ruppert, and F. Voncken, "Comparative proteomics of glycosomes from bloodstream form and procyclic culture form Trypanosoma brucei brucei," Proteomics, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 3275-3293, 2006. (Pubitemid 43886146)
    • (2006) Proteomics , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 3275-3293
    • Colasante, C.1    Ellis, M.2    Ruppert, T.3    Voncken, F.4
  • 75
    • 33646074032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In silico prediction of the glycosomal enzymes of Leishmania major and try-panosomes
    • F. R. Opperdoes and J.-P. Szikora, "In silico prediction of the glycosomal enzymes of Leishmania major and try-panosomes," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 193-206, 2006.
    • (2006) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.147 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-206
    • Opperdoes, F.R.1    Szikora, J.-P.2
  • 77
    • 35548966701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic flow-mediated protein sorting on the cell surface of trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2007.08.046, PII S0092867407011440
    • M. Engstler, T. Pfohl, S. Herminghaus, et al., "Hydrody-namic flow-mediated protein sorting on the cell surface of trypanosomes," Cell, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 505-515, 2007. (Pubitemid 350007695)
    • (2007) Cell , vol.131 , Issue.3 , pp. 505-515
    • Engstler, M.1    Pfohl, T.2    Herminghaus, S.3    Boshart, M.4    Wiegertjes, G.5    Heddergott, N.6    Overath, P.7
  • 78
    • 0035946414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The VSG expression sites of Trypanosoma brucei: Multipurpose tools for the adaptation of the parasite to mammalian hosts
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(01)00242-0, PII S0166685101002420
    • E. Pays, S. Lips, D. Nolan, L. Vanhamme, and D. Pérez-Morga, "The VSG expression sites of Trypanosoma brucei: multipurpose tools for the adaptation of the parasite to mammalian hosts," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 1-16, 2001. (Pubitemid 32453210)
    • (2001) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.114 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-16
    • Pays, E.1    Lips, S.2    Nolan, D.3    Vanhamme, L.4    Perez-Morga, D.5
  • 79
    • 0034106940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential RNA elongation controls the variant surface glycoprotein gene expression sites of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01844.x
    • L. Vanhamme, P. Poelvoorde, A. Pays, P. Tebabi, H. Van Xong, and E. Pays, "Differential RNA elongation controls the variant surface glycoprotein gene expression sites of Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular Microbiology, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 328-340, 2000. (Pubitemid 30229479)
    • (2000) Molecular Microbiology , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 328-340
    • Vanhamme, L.1    Poelvoorde, P.2    Pays, A.3    Tebabi, P.4    Van Xong, H.5    Pays, E.6
  • 80
    • 4143141923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei: Facts, challenges and mysteries
    • DOI 10.1016/j.mib.2004.05.001, PII S1369527404000645
    • E. Pays, L. Vanhamme, and D. Pérez-Morga, "Antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei: facts, challenges and mysteries," Current Opinion in Microbiology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 369-374, 2004. (Pubitemid 39091121)
    • (2004) Current Opinion in Microbiology , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 369-374
    • Pays, E.1    Vanhamme, L.2    Perez-Morga, D.3
  • 81
    • 0035856691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A poll transcriptional body associated with VSG mono-allelic expression in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1038/414759a
    • M. Navarro and K. Gull, "A poll transcriptional body associated with VSG mono-allelic expression in Trypanosoma brucei," Nature, vol. 414, no. 6865, pp. 759-763, 2001. (Pubitemid 34000774)
    • (2001) Nature , vol.414 , Issue.6865 , pp. 759-763
    • Navarro, M.1    Gull, K.2
  • 82
    • 26844506268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of antigen gene expression in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2005.08.016, PII S1471492205002308
    • E. Pays, "Regulation of antigen gene expression in Tr y -panosoma brucei," Trendsin Parasitology , vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 517-520, 2005. (Pubitemid 41447023)
    • (2005) Trends in Parasitology , vol.21 , Issue.11 , pp. 517-520
    • Pays, E.1
  • 83
    • 33646054277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The variant surface glycoprotein as a tool for adaptation in African trypanosomes
    • E. Pays, "The variant surface glycoprotein as a tool for adaptation in African trypanosomes," Microbes and Infection, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 930-937, 2006.
    • (2006) Microbes and Infection , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 930-937
    • Pays, E.1
  • 84
    • 0035946390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of VSG gene expression sites
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(01)00243-2, PII S0166685101002432
    • P. Borst and S. Ulbert, "Control of VSG gene expression sites," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 17-27, 2001. (Pubitemid 32453211)
    • (2001) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.114 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-27
    • Borst, P.1    Ulbert, S.2
  • 85
    • 0032576751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of transferrin-receptor variation in the host range of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1038/35166
    • W. Bitter, H. Gerrits, R. Kieft, and P. Borst, "The role of transferrin-receptor variation in the host range of Tr y -panosoma brucei," Nature, vol. 391, no. 6666, pp. 499-502, 1998. (Pubitemid 28086552)
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , Issue.6666 , pp. 499-502
    • Bitter, W.1    Gerrits, H.2    Kieft, R.3    Borst, P.4
  • 86
    • 0022343621 scopus 로고
    • Telomeric reciprocal recombination as a possible mechanism for antigenic variation in trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1038/316562a0
    • E. Pays, M. Guyaux, and D. Aerts, "Telomeric reciprocal recombination as a possible mechanism for antigenic variation in trypanosomes," Nature, vol. 316, no. 6028, pp. 562-564, 1985. (Pubitemid 16239370)
    • (1985) Nature , vol.316 , Issue.6028 , pp. 562-564
    • Pays, E.1    Guyaux, M.2    Aerts, D.3
  • 87
    • 0020826781 scopus 로고
    • Gene conversion as a mechanism for antigenic variation in Trypanosomes
    • E. Pays, S. Van Assel, M. Laurent, et al., "Gene conversion as a mechanism for antigenic variation in Trypanosomes," Cell, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 371-381, 1983.
    • (1983) Cell , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 371-381
    • Pays, E.1    Van Assel, S.2    Laurent, M.3
  • 88
    • 0030249772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telomere exchange can be an important mechanism of variant surface glycoprotein gene switching in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/0166-6851(96)02669-2
    • G. Rudenko, R. McCulloch, A. Dirks-Mulder, and P. Borst, "Telomere exchange can be an important mechanism of variant surface glycoprotein gene switching in Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 80, no. 1, pp. 65-75, 1996. (Pubitemid 26284387)
    • (1996) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.80 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-75
    • Rudenko, G.1    McCulloch, R.2    Dirks-Mulder, A.3    Borst, P.4
  • 89
    • 1642513385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of apolipoprotein L-I and trypanosome lytic activity among primate sera
    • DOI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2003.11.006
    • P. Poelvoorde, L. Vanhamme, J. Van Den Abbeele, W. M. Switzer, and E. Pays, "Distribution of apolipoprotein L-I and trypanosome lytic activity among primate sera," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 155-157, 2004. (Pubitemid 38121528)
    • (2004) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.134 , Issue.1 , pp. 155-157
    • Poelvoorde, P.1    Vanhamme, L.2    Van Den Abbeele, J.3    Switzer, W.M.4    Pays, E.5
  • 90
  • 91
    • 0026679823 scopus 로고
    • Only the serum-resistant bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense express the serum resistance associated (SRA) protein
    • C. De Greef, E. Chimfwembe, J. Kihang'a Wabacha, E. Bajyana Songa, and R. Hamers, "Only the serum-resistant bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense express the serum resistance associated (SRA) protein," Annales de la Societe Belge de Medecine Tropicale, vol. 72, supplement 1, pp. 13-21, 1992.
    • (1992) Annales de la Societe Belge de Medecine Tropicale , vol.72 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 13-21
    • De Greef, C.1    Chimfwembe, E.2    Kihang'A Wabacha, J.3    Bajyana Songa, E.4    Hamers, R.5
  • 95
    • 0017290546 scopus 로고
    • The effect of normal human serum on trypanosomes of distinct antigenic type (ETat 1 to 12) isolated from a strain of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
    • N. van Meirvenne, E. Magnus, and P. G. Janssens, "The effect of normal human serum on trypanosomes of distinct antigenic type (ETat 1 to 12) isolated from a strain of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense," Annales de la Societe Belge de Medecine Tropicale, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 55-63, 1976.
    • (1976) Annales de la Societe Belge de Medecine Tropicale , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-63
    • Van Meirvenne, N.1    Magnus, E.2    Janssens, P.G.3
  • 96
    • 0035894573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of human-infective trypanosomes in animal reservoir of sleeping sickness in Uganda by means of serum-resistance-associated (SRA) gene
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)07096-9
    • S. C. Welburn, K. Picozzi, E. M. Fèvre, et al., "Identification of human-infective trypanosomes in animal reservoir of sleeping sickness in Uganda by means of serum-resistance-associated (SRA) gene," The Lancet, vol. 358, no. 9298, pp. 2017-2019, 2001. (Pubitemid 34084823)
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , Issue.9298 , pp. 2017-2019
    • Welburn, S.C.1    Picozzi, K.2    Fevre, E.M.3    Coleman, P.G.4    Odiit, M.5    Carrington, M.6    Maudlin, I.7
  • 97
    • 0028580709 scopus 로고
    • The serum resistance-associated (SRA) gene of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense encodes a variant surface glycoprotein-like protein
    • C. De Greef and R. Hamers, "The serum resistance-associated (SRA) gene of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense encodes a variant surface glycoprotein-like protein," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 277-284, 1994.
    • (1994) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 277-284
    • De Greef, C.1    Hamers, R.2
  • 98
    • 3042660680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The trypanosome lytic factor of human serum and the molecular basis of sleeping sickness
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2004.04.008, PII S0020751904000967
    • L. Vanhamme and E. Pays, "The trypanosome lytic factor of human serum and the molecular basis of sleeping sickness," International Journal for Parasitology, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 887-898, 2004. (Pubitemid 38813250)
    • (2004) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.34 , Issue.8 , pp. 887-898
    • Vanhamme, L.1    Pays, E.2
  • 99
    • 1842813919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The trypanosoma brucei reference strain TREU927/4 contains T. brucei rhodesiense-specific SRA sequences, but displays a distinct phenotype of relative resistance to human serum
    • DOI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.01.004, PII S0166685104000258
    • L. Vanhamme, H. Renauld, L. Lecordier, P. Poelvoorde, J. Van Den Abbeele, and E. Pays, "The Trypanosoma brucei reference strain TREU927/4 contains T. b r u c e i rhodesiense-specific SRA sequences, but displays a distinct phenotype of relative resistance to human serum," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitolog y, vol. 135, no. 1, pp. 39-47, 2004. (Pubitemid 38470073)
    • (2004) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.135 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-47
    • Vanhamme, L.1    Renauld, H.2    Lecordier, L.3    Poelvoorde, P.4    Van Den Abbeele, J.5    Pays, E.6
  • 100
    • 0037374120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of the serum resistance associated (SRA) gene and a model of the structure of the SRA polypeptide from Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(02)00306-7
    • N. Campillo and M. Carrington, "The origin of the serum resistance associated (SRA) gene and a model of the structure of the SRA polypeptide from Trypanosoma brucei rhode-siense," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 127, no. 1, pp. 79-84, 2003. (Pubitemid 36263235)
    • (2003) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.127 , Issue.1 , pp. 79-84
    • Campillo, N.1    Carrington, M.2
  • 101
    • 0027412486 scopus 로고
    • A structural motif in the variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1038/362603a0
    • M. L. Blum, J. A. Down, A. M. Gurnett, M. Carrington, M. J. Turner, and D. C. Wiley, "A structural motif in the variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei," Nature, vol. 362, no. 6421, pp. 603-609, 1993. (Pubitemid 23109268)
    • (1993) Nature , vol.362 , Issue.6421 , pp. 603-609
    • Blum, M.L.1    Down, J.A.2    Gurnett, A.M.3    Carrington, M.4    Turner, M.J.5    Wiley, D.C.6
  • 103
    • 33646545070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental therapy of African trypanosomiasis with a nanobody-conjugated human trypanolytic factor
    • T. N. Baral, S. Magez, B. Stijlemans, et al., "Experimental therapy of African trypanosomiasis with a nanobody-conjugated human trypanolytic factor," Nature Medicine, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 580-584, 2006.
    • (2006) Nature Medicine , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 580-584
    • Baral, T.N.1    Magez, S.2    Stijlemans, B.3
  • 105
    • 0025756220 scopus 로고
    • Role of phospholipids in the cytotoxic action of high density lipoprotein on trypanosomes
    • M. R. Rifkin, "Role of phospholipids in the cytotoxic action of high density lipoprotein on trypanosomes," Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 639-647, 1991.
    • (1991) Journal of Lipid Research , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 639-647
    • Rifkin, M.R.1
  • 107
    • 0028337646 scopus 로고
    • Endocytosis of a cytotoxic human high density lipoprotein results in disruption of acidic intracellular vesicles and subsequent killing of African trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1083/jcb.126.1.155
    • K. M. Hager, M. A. Pierce, D. R. Moore, E. M. Tytler, J. D. Esko, and S. L. Hajduk, "Endocytosis of a cytotoxic human high density lipoprotein results in disruption of acidic intracellular vesicles and subsequent killing of African trypanosomes," Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 155-167, 1994. (Pubitemid 24214936)
    • (1994) Journal of Cell Biology , vol.126 , Issue.1 , pp. 155-167
    • Hager, K.M.1    Pierce, M.A.2    Moore, D.R.3    Tytler, E.M.4    Esko, J.D.5    Hajduk, S.L.6
  • 108
    • 0031048412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of resistance of African trypanosomes to cytotoxic human HDL
    • DOI 10.1038/385823a0
    • K. M. Hager and S. L. Hajduk, "Mechanism of resistance of African trypanosomes to cytotoxic human HDL," Nature, vol. 385, no. 6619, pp. 823-826, 1997. (Pubitemid 27106072)
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , Issue.6619 , pp. 823-826
    • Hager, K.M.1    Hajduk, S.L.2
  • 109
    • 0037414786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a Trypanosoma brucei lipoprotein scavenger receptor
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M207215200
    • H. P. Green, M. D. P. M. Portela, E. N. St. Jean, E. B. Lugli, and J. Raper, "Evidence for a Trypanosoma brucei lipoprotein scavenger receptor," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 278, no. 1, pp. 422-427, 2003. (Pubitemid 36043592)
    • (2003) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.278 , Issue.1 , pp. 422-427
    • Green, H.P.1    Portela, M.D.P.M.2    St. Jean, E.N.3    Lugli, E.B.4    Raper, J.5
  • 110
    • 0028916388 scopus 로고
    • Killing of trypanosomes by the human haptoglobin-related protein
    • A. B. Smith, J. D. Esko, and S. L. Hajduk, "Killing of trypanosomes by the human haptoglobin-related protein," Science, vol. 268, no. 5208, pp. 284-286, 1995.
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , Issue.5208 , pp. 284-286
    • Smith, A.B.1    Esko, J.D.2    Hajduk, S.L.3
  • 111
    • 0033003710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a novel trypanosome lytic factor from human serum
    • J. Raper, R. Fung, J. Ghiso, V. Nussenzweig, and S. Tomlinson, "Characterization of a novel trypanosome lytic factor from human serum," Infection and Immunity, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 1910-1916, 1999. (Pubitemid 29144414)
    • (1999) Infection and Immunity , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 1910-1916
    • Raper, J.1    Fung, R.2    Ghiso, J.3    Nussenzweig, V.4    Tomlinson, S.5
  • 112
    • 27644537494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosome lytic factor, a subclass of high-density lipoprotein, forms cation-selective pores in membranes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.08.018, PII S0166685105002616
    • M. D. P. Molina-Portela, E. B. Lugli, E. Recio-Pinto, and J. Raper, "Trypanosome lytic factor, a subclass of high-density lipoprotein, forms cation-selective pores in membranes," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 144, no. 2, pp. 218-226, 2005. (Pubitemid 41572228)
    • (2005) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 218-226
    • Molina-Portela, M.D.P.1    Lugli, E.B.2    Recio-Pinto, E.3    Raper, J.4
  • 113
    • 0030924289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein AI are components of the two trypanolytic factors in human serum
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(97)02844-2, PII S0166685197028442
    • S. Tomlinson, M. Muranjan, V. Nussenzweig, and J. Raper, "Haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein AI are components of the two trypanolytic factors in human serum," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 117-120, 1997. (Pubitemid 27245983)
    • (1997) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.86 , Issue.1 , pp. 117-120
    • Tomlinson, S.1    Muranjan, M.2    Nussenzweig, V.3    Raper, J.4
  • 114
    • 0035839647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haptoglobin-related protein mediates trypanosome lytic factor binding to trypanosomes
    • J. Drain, J. R. Bishop, and S. L. Hajduk, "Haptoglobin-related protein mediates trypanosome lytic factor binding to trypanosomes," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 276, no. 32, pp. 30254-30260, 2001.
    • (2001) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.276 , Issue.32 , pp. 30254-30260
    • Drain, J.1    Bishop, J.R.2    Hajduk, S.L.3
  • 117
    • 25444468813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human high density lipoproteins are platforms for the assembly of multi-component innate immune complexes
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M503510200
    • A. M. Shiflett, J. R. Bishop, A. Pahwa, and S. L. Hajduk, "Human high density lipoproteins are platforms for the assembly of multi-component innate immune complexes," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 280, no. 38, pp. 32578-32585, 2005. (Pubitemid 41368299)
    • (2005) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.280 , Issue.38 , pp. 32578-32585
    • Shiflett, A.M.1    Bishop, J.R.2    Pahwa, A.3    Hajduk, S.L.4
  • 118
    • 49249111859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct roles of apolipoprotein components within the trypanosome lytic factor complex revealed in a novel transgenic mouse model
    • M. P. Molina-Portela, M. Samanovic, and J. Raper, "Distinct roles of apolipoprotein components within the trypanosome lytic factor complex revealed in a novel transgenic mouse model," Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 205, no. 8, pp. 1721-1728, 2008.
    • (2008) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.205 , Issue.8 , pp. 1721-1728
    • Molina-Portela, M.P.1    Samanovic, M.2    Raper, J.3
  • 120
    • 59249090135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosome lytic factor, an antimicrobial high-density lipoprotein, ameliorates Leish-mania infection
    • Article ID e1000276
    • M. Samanovic, M. P. Molina-Portela, A.-D. C. Chessler, B. A. Burleigh, and J. Raper, "Trypanosome lytic factor, an antimicrobial high-density lipoprotein, ameliorates Leish-mania infection," PLoS Pathogens, vol. 5, no. 1, Article ID e1000276, 2009.
    • (2009) PLoS Pathogens , vol.5 , Issue.1
    • Samanovic, M.1    Molina-Portela, M.P.2    Chessler, A.-D.C.3    Burleigh, B.A.4    Raper, J.5
  • 121
    • 70349217237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of trypanosome lytic factor: A novel component of innate immunity
    • R. Thomson, M. Samanovic, and J. Raper, "Activity of trypanosome lytic factor: a novel component of innate immunity," Future Microbiology, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 789-796, 2009.
    • (2009) Future Microbiology , vol.4 , Issue.7 , pp. 789-796
    • Thomson, R.1    Samanovic, M.2    Raper, J.3
  • 122
    • 0030868848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein L, a new human high density lipoprotein apolipoprotein expressed by the pancreas. Identification, cloning, characterization, and plasma distribution of apolipoprotein L
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.272.41.25576
    • P. N. Duchateau, C. R. Pullinger, R. E. Orellana, et al., "Apolipoprotein L, a new human high density lipopro-tein apolipoprotein expressed by the pancreas. Identification, cloning, characterization, and plasma distribution of apolipoprotein L," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 272, no. 41, pp. 25576-25582, 1997. (Pubitemid 27438869)
    • (1997) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.272 , Issue.41 , pp. 25576-25582
    • Duchateau, P.N.1    Pullinger, C.R.2    Orellana, R.E.3    Kunitake, S.T.4    Naya-Vigne, J.5    O'Connor, P.M.6    Malloy, M.J.7    Kane, J.P.8
  • 123
    • 0035061243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein L gene family: Tissue-specific expression, splicing, promoter regions; discovery of a new gene
    • P. N. Duchateau, C. R. Pullinger, M. H. Cho, C. Eng, and J. P. Kane, "Apolipoprotein L gene family: tissue-specific expression, splicing, promoter regions; discovery of a new gene," Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 620-630, 2001. (Pubitemid 32367005)
    • (2001) Journal of Lipid Research , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 620-630
    • Duchateau, P.N.1    Pullinger, C.R.2    Cho, M.H.3    Eng, C.4    Kane, J.P.5
  • 124
    • 0035872826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human apolipoprotein L gene cluster: Identification, classification, and sites of distribution
    • DOI 10.1006/geno.2001.6534
    • N. M. Page, D. J. Butlin, K. Lomthaisong, and P. J. Lowry, "The human apolipoprotein L gene cluster: identification, classification, and sites of distribution," Genomics, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 71-78, 2001. (Pubitemid 32500267)
    • (2001) Genomics , vol.74 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-78
    • Page, N.M.1    Butlin, D.J.2    Lomthaisong, K.3    Lowry, P.J.4
  • 125
    • 67649392691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane permeabilization by trypanosome lytic factor, a cytolytic human high density lipoprotein
    • J. M. Harrington, S. Howell, and S. L. Hajduk, "Membrane permeabilization by trypanosome lytic factor, a cytolytic human high density lipoprotein," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 284, no. 20, pp. 13505-13512, 2009.
    • (2009) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.284 , Issue.20 , pp. 13505-13512
    • Harrington, J.M.1    Howell, S.2    Hajduk, S.L.3
  • 126
    • 0032856010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An unambiguous nomenclature for the major surface glycoproteins of the procyclic form of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(99)00124-3, PII S0166685199001243
    • I. Roditi and C. Clayton, "An unambiguous nomenclature for the major surface glycoproteins of the procyclic form of Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 103, no. 1, pp. 99-100, 1999. (Pubitemid 29428232)
    • (1999) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.103 , Issue.1 , pp. 99-100
    • Roditi, I.1    Clayton, C.2
  • 127
    • 77951090060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of procyclin mRNAs during cyclical transmission of Tr y -panosoma brucei
    • Article ID e22
    • S. Urwyler, E. Vassella, J. Van Den Abbeele, et al., "Expression of procyclin mRNAs during cyclical transmission of Tr y -panosoma brucei," PLoS Pathogens, vol. 1, no. 3, Article ID e22, 2005.
    • (2005) PLoS Pathogens , vol.1 , Issue.3
    • Urwyler, S.1    Vassella, E.2    Abbeele Den J.Van3
  • 128
    • 0014673957 scopus 로고
    • Localization of variable antigens in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei using ferritin conjugated antibody
    • K. Vickerman and A. G. Luckins, "Localization of variable antigens in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei using ferritin conjugated antibody," Nature, vol. 224, no. 5224, pp. 1125-1126, 1969.
    • (1969) Nature , vol.224 , Issue.5224 , pp. 1125-1126
    • Vickerman, K.1    Luckins, A.G.2
  • 129
    • 0016809286 scopus 로고
    • Identification, purification and properties of clone specific glycoprotein antigens constituting the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei
    • G. A. M. Cross, "Identification, purification and properties of clone specific glycoprotein antigens constituting the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei," Parasitology, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 393-417, 1975.
    • (1975) Parasitology , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 393-417
    • Cross, G.A.M.1
  • 130
    • 0027370693 scopus 로고
    • Organization of two invariant surface glycoproteins in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei
    • K. Ziegelbauer and P. Overath, "Organization of two invariant surface glycoproteins in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei," Infection and Immunity, vol. 61, no. 11, pp. 4540-4545, 1993. (Pubitemid 23320503)
    • (1993) Infection and Immunity , vol.61 , Issue.11 , pp. 4540-4545
    • Ziegelbauer, K.1    Overath, P.2
  • 131
    • 0021059863 scopus 로고
    • Alternative pathway activation of complement by African trypanosomes lacking a glycoprotein coat
    • A. Ferrante and A. C. Callison, "Alternative pathway activation of complement by African trypanosomes lacking a glycoprotein coat," Parasite Immunology, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 491-498, 1983. (Pubitemid 14233390)
    • (1983) Parasite Immunology , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 491-498
    • Ferrante, A.1    Callison, A.C.2
  • 132
    • 0030607411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of conserved structural motifs in disparate trypanosome surface proteins
    • DOI 10.1016/0166-6851(96)02706-5
    • M. Carrington and J. Boothroyd, "Implications of conserved structural motifs in disparate trypanosome surface proteins," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 119-126, 1996. (Pubitemid 26316554)
    • (1996) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.81 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-126
    • Carrington, M.1    Boothroyd, J.2
  • 133
    • 0025952503 scopus 로고
    • Variant specific glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei consists of two domains each having an independently conserved pattern of cysteine residues
    • M. Carrington, N. Miller, M. Blum, I. Roditi, D. Wiley, and M. Turner, "Variant specific glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei consists of two domains each having an independently conserved pattern of cysteine residues," Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 221, no. 3, pp. 823-835, 1991. (Pubitemid 121003422)
    • (1991) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.221 , Issue.3 , pp. 823-835
    • Carrington, M.1    Miller, N.2    Blum, M.3    Roditi, I.4    Wiley, D.5    Turner, M.6
  • 134
    • 0032571308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor glycan of a class-2 variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1600
    • A. Mehlert, J. M. Richardson, and M. A. J. Ferguson, "Structure of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor glycan of a class-2 variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 277, no. 2, pp. 379-392, 1998. (Pubitemid 28174975)
    • (1998) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.277 , Issue.2 , pp. 379-392
    • Mehlert, A.1    Richardson, J.M.2    Ferguson, M.A.J.3
  • 135
    • 0142106993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VSG structure: Similar N-terminal domains can form functional VSGs with different types of C-terminal domain
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00144-0
    • O. C. Hutchinson, W. Smith, N. G. Jones, A. Chattopadhyay, S. C. Welburn, and M. Carrington, "VSG structure: similar N-terminal domains can form functional VSGs with different types of C-terminal domain," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 130, no. 2, pp. 127-131, 2003. (Pubitemid 37289130)
    • (2003) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.130 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-131
    • Hutchinson, O.C.1    Smith, W.2    Jones, N.G.3    Chattopadhyay, A.4    Welburn, S.C.5    Carrington, M.6
  • 136
    • 0023883979 scopus 로고
    • Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol moiety that anchors Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein to the membrane
    • M. A. J. Ferguson, S. W. Homans, R. A. Dwek, and T. W. Rademacher, "Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol moiety that anchors Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein to the membrane," Science, vol. 239, no. 4841, part 1, pp. 753-759, 1988. (Pubitemid 18070924)
    • (1988) Science , vol.239 , Issue.4841 , pp. 753-759
    • Ferguson, M.A.J.1    Homans, S.W.2    Dwek, R.A.3    Rademacher, T.W.4
  • 137
    • 0032212917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-dependent secretory transport in Trypanosoma brucei
    • M. A. McDowell, D. M. Ransom, and J. D. Bangs, " Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-dependent secretory transport in Trypanosoma brucei," Biochemical Journal, vol. 335, no. 3, pp. 681-689, 1998. (Pubitemid 28515424)
    • (1998) Biochemical Journal , vol.335 , Issue.3 , pp. 681-689
    • McDowell, M.A.1    Ransom, D.M.2    Bangs, J.D.3
  • 138
    • 0025194450 scopus 로고
    • 2.9 Å resolution structure of the N-terminal domain of a variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma bruce i
    • D. Freymann, J. Down, M. Carrington, I. Roditi, M. Turner, and D. Wiley, "2.9 Å resolution structure of the N-terminal domain of a variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 216, no. 1, pp. 141-160, 1990. (Pubitemid 20376180)
    • (1990) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.216 , Issue.1 , pp. 141-160
    • Freymann, D.1    Down, J.2    Carrington, M.3    Roditi, I.4    Turner, M.5    Wiley, D.6
  • 139
    • 0021761856 scopus 로고
    • Structure of the variant glycoproteins and surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei
    • G. A. Cross, "Structure of the variant glycoproteins and surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, vol. 307, no. 1131, pp. 3-12, 1984.
    • (1984) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B , vol.307 , Issue.1131 , pp. 3-12
    • Cross, G.A.1
  • 140
    • 0027294030 scopus 로고
    • The structure and biosynthesis of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol protein anchors
    • P. T. Enghund, "The structure and biosynthesis of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol protein anchors," Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol. 62, pp. 121-138, 1993. (Pubitemid 23237867)
    • (1993) Annual Review of Biochemistry , vol.62 , pp. 121-138
    • Enghund, P.T.1
  • 141
    • 0024025824 scopus 로고
    • The glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein
    • M. A. Ferguson, S. W. Homans, R. A. Dwek, and T. W. Rademacher, "The glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein," Biochemical Society Transactions, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 265-268, 1988.
    • (1988) Biochemical Society Transactions , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 265-268
    • Ferguson, M.A.1    Homans, S.W.2    Dwek, R.A.3    Rademacher, T.W.4
  • 142
    • 0038199732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-dependent protein trafficking in bloodstream stage Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1128/EC.2.1.76-83.2003
    • V. P. Triggs and J. D. Bangs, "Glycosylphosphatidylinositol- dependent protein trafficking in bloodstream stage Tr y -panosoma brucei," Eukaryotic Cell, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 76-83, 2003. (Pubitemid 36770377)
    • (2003) Eukaryotic Cell , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-83
    • Triggs, V.P.1    Bangs, J.D.2
  • 143
    • 0037084391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of the variant surface glycoprotein GPI-anchor signal sequence in Trypanosoma brucei
    • U. Böhme and G. A. M. Cross, "Mutational analysis of the variant surface glycoprotein GPI-anchor signal sequence in Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 115, no. 4, pp. 805-816, 2002. (Pubitemid 34196340)
    • (2002) Journal of Cell Science , vol.115 , Issue.4 , pp. 805-816
    • Bohme, U.1    Cross, G.A.M.2
  • 144
    • 0024515848 scopus 로고
    • A novel pathway for glycan assembly: Biosynthesis of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein
    • DOI 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90684-3
    • W. J. Masterson, T. L. Doering, G. W. Hart, and P. T. Englund, "A novel pathway for glycan assembly: biosynthesis of the glycosyl- phosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein," Cell, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 793-800, 1989. (Pubitemid 19082515)
    • (1989) Cell , vol.56 , Issue.5 , pp. 793-800
    • Masterson, W.J.1    Doering, T.L.2    Hart, G.W.3    Englund, P.T.4
  • 145
    • 0023944337 scopus 로고
    • Cell-surface anchoring of proteins via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol structures
    • M. A. J. Ferguson and A. F. Williams, "Cell-surface anchoring of proteins via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol structures," Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol. 57, pp. 285-320, 1988.
    • (1988) Annual Review of Biochemistry , vol.57 , pp. 285-320
    • Ferguson, M.A.J.1    Williams, A.F.2
  • 146
    • 0032820595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure, biosynthesis and functions of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, and the contributions of trypanosome research
    • M. A. J. Ferguson, "The structure, biosynthesis and functions of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, and the contributions of trypanosome research," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 112, no. 17, pp. 2799-2809, 1999. (Pubitemid 29430025)
    • (1999) Journal of Cell Science , vol.112 , Issue.17 , pp. 2799-2809
    • Ferguson, M.A.J.1
  • 147
    • 0035414280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid synthesis in African trypanosomes: A solution to the myristate mystery
    • DOI 10.1016/S1471-4922(01)01984-5, PII S1471492201019845
    • K. S. Paul, D. Jiang, Y. S. Morita, and P. T. Englund, "Fatty acid synthesis in African trypanosomes: a solution to the myristate mystery," Trendsin Parasitology , vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 381-387, 2001. (Pubitemid 33042454)
    • (2001) Trends in Parasitology , vol.17 , Issue.8 , pp. 381-387
    • Paul, K.S.1    Jiang, D.2    Morita, Y.S.3    Englund, P.T.4
  • 148
    • 0021368940 scopus 로고
    • Myristylation of the membrane form of a Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein
    • M. A. J. Ferguson and G. A. M. Cross, "Myristylation of the membrane form of a Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 259, no. 5, pp. 3011-3015, 1984. (Pubitemid 14162535)
    • (1984) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.259 , Issue.5 , pp. 3011-3015
    • Ferguson, M.A.J.1    Cross, G.A.M.2
  • 150
    • 70349212401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosome glycosylphos-phatidylinositol biosynthesis
    • Y. Hong and T. Kinoshita, "Trypanosome glycosylphos-phatidylinositol biosynthesis," Korean Journal of Parasitology, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 197-204, 2009.
    • (2009) Korean Journal of Parasitology , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-204
    • Hong, Y.1    Kinoshita, T.2
  • 151
    • 0032029272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The properties and function of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol- phospholipase C in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-6851(97)00190-4, PII S0166685197001904
    • M. Carrington, N. Carnall, M. S. Crow, et al., "The properties and function of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C in Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 153-164, 1998. (Pubitemid 28242511)
    • (1998) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 153-164
    • Carrington, M.1    Carnall, N.2    Crow, M.S.3    Gaud, A.4    Redpath, M.B.5    Wasunna, C.L.6    Webb, H.7
  • 152
    • 0023582913 scopus 로고
    • Subcellular localization of a variable surface glycoprotein phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase-C in African trypanosomes
    • D. J. Grab, P. Webster, S. Ito, et al., "Subcellular localization of a variable surface glycoprotein phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase-C in African trypanosomes," Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 737-746, 1987. (Pubitemid 18043836)
    • (1987) Journal of Cell Biology , vol.105 , Issue.2 , pp. 737-746
    • Grab, D.J.1    Webster, P.2    Ito, S.3    Fish, W.R.4    Verjee, Y.5    Lonsdale-Eccles, J.D.6
  • 153
    • 0025068827 scopus 로고
    • Genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and developmen-tally regulated expression of the glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei
    • K. Mensa-Wilmot, D. Hereld, and P. T. Englund, "Genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and developmen-tally regulated expression of the glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 720-726, 1990.
    • (1990) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 720-726
    • Mensa-Wilmot, K.1    Hereld, D.2    Englund, P.T.3
  • 154
    • 0024564073 scopus 로고
    • Sequence and expression of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/0166-6851(89)90091-1
    • M. Carrington, R. Bulow, H. Reinke, et al., "Sequence and expression of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 289-296, 1989. (Pubitemid 19060266)
    • (1989) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-296
    • Carrington, M.1    Bulow, R.2    Reinke, H.3    Overath, P.4
  • 155
    • 0033492446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell lysis induces redistribution of the GPI-anchored variant surface glycoprotein on both faces of the plasma membrane of Trypanosoma brucei
    • M. L. C. De Almeida, M. Geuskens, and E. Pays, "Cell lysis induces redistribution of the GPI-anchored variant surface glycoprotein on both faces of the plasma membrane of Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Cell Science, vol. 112, no. part 23, pp. 4461-4473, 1999. (Pubitemid 30122037)
    • (1999) Journal of Cell Science , vol.112 , Issue.23 , pp. 4461-4473
    • De Almeida, M.L.C.1    Geuskens, M.2    Pays, E.3
  • 156
    • 0021824362 scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein has a sn-1,2-dimyristyl glycerol membrane anchor at its COOH terminus
    • M. A. J. Ferguson, K. Haldar, and G. A. M. Cross, "Tr y -panosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein has a sn-1,2-dimyristyl glycerol membrane anchor at its COOH terminus," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 260, no. 8, pp. 4963-4968, 1985. (Pubitemid 15038691)
    • (1985) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.260 , Issue.8 , pp. 4963-4968
    • Ferguson, M.A.J.1    Haldar, K.2    Cross, G.A.M.3
  • 157
    • 0022342832 scopus 로고
    • Glycosyl-sn-1,2-dimyristylphosphatidylinositol is covalently linked to Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein
    • M. A. J. Ferguson, M. G. Low, and G. A. M. Cross, "Glycosyl-sn-1,2- dimyristylphosphatidylinositol is covalently linked to Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 260, no. 27, pp. 14547-14555, 1985. (Pubitemid 16210977)
    • (1985) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.260 , Issue.27 , pp. 14547-14555
    • Ferguson, M.A.J.1    Low, M.G.2    Cross, G.A.M.3
  • 158
    • 0020655657 scopus 로고
    • The membrane form of variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1038/302349a0
    • M. L. Cardoso de Almeida and M. J. Turner, "The membrane form of variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei," Nature, vol. 302, no. 5906, pp. 349-352, 1983. (Pubitemid 13154530)
    • (1983) Nature , vol.302 , Issue.5906 , pp. 349-352
    • Cardoso De Almeida, M.L.1    Turner, M.J.2
  • 159
    • 0019531633 scopus 로고
    • Glycopeptides from variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei. C-terminal location of antigenically cross-reacting carbohydrate moieties
    • A. A. Holder and G. A. M. Cross, "Glycopeptides from variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei. C-terminal location of antigenically cross-reacting carbohydrate moieties," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 2, no. 3-4, pp. 135-150, 1981.
    • (1981) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.2 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 135-150
    • Holder, A.A.1    Cross, G.A.M.2
  • 160
    • 0023746673 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the cross-reacting determinant (CRD) of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein
    • S. E. Zamze, M. A.J. Ferguson, R. Collins, R. A. Dwek, and T. W. Rademacher, "Characterization of the cross-reacting determinant (CRD) of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein," European Journal of Biochemistry, vol. 176, no. 3, pp. 527-534, 1988.
    • (1988) European Journal of Biochemistry , vol.176 , Issue.3 , pp. 527-534
    • Zamze, S.E.1    Ferguson, M.A.J.2    Collins, R.3    Dwek, R.A.4    Rademacher, T.W.5
  • 161
    • 0024454977 scopus 로고
    • Release of the variant surface glycoprotein during differentiation of bloodstream to procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei
    • R. Bulow, C. Nonnengasser, and P. Overath, "Release of the variant surface glycoprotein during differentiation of bloodstream to procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 85-92, 1989.
    • (1989) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-92
    • Bulow, R.1    Nonnengasser, C.2    Overath, P.3
  • 162
    • 15844369836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous but independent activation of adenylate cyclase and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C under stress conditions in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.271.18.10844
    • S. Rolin, J. Hanocq-Quertier, F. Paturiaux-Hanocq, et al., "Simultaneous but independent activation of adenylate cyclase and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C under stress conditions in Trypanosoma brucei," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 271, no. 18, pp. 10844-10852, 1996. (Pubitemid 26145822)
    • (1996) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.271 , Issue.18 , pp. 10844-10852
    • Rolin, S.1    Hanocq-Quertier, J.2    Paturiaux-Hanocq, F.3    Nolan, D.4    Salmon, D.5    Webb, H.6    Carrington, M.7    Voorheis, P.8    Pays, E.9
  • 163
    • 0025987662 scopus 로고
    • The biology of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei
    • M. Carrington, D. Walters, and H. Webb, "The biology of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Trypanosoma brucei," Cell Biology International Reports, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 1101-1114, 1991.
    • (1991) Cell Biology International Reports , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 1101-1114
    • Carrington, M.1    Walters, D.2    Webb, H.3
  • 165
    • 0027952832 scopus 로고
    • Invariant surface proteins in bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/0169-4758(94)90393-X
    • P. Overath, M. Chaudhri, D. Steverding, and K. Ziegelbauer, "Invariant surface proteins in bloodstream forms of Tr y -panosoma brucei," Parasitology Today, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 53-58, 1994. (Pubitemid 24052917)
    • (1994) Parasitology Today , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 53-58
    • Overath, P.1    Chaudhri, M.2    Steverding, D.3    Ziegelbauer, K.4
  • 166
    • 0026727797 scopus 로고
    • Identification of invariant surface glycoproteins in the bloodstream stage of Tr y -panosoma brucei
    • K. Ziegelbauer and P. Overath, "Identification of invariant surface glycoproteins in the bloodstream stage of Tr y -panosoma brucei," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 267, no. 15, pp. 10791-10796, 1992.
    • (1992) The Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.267 , Issue.15 , pp. 10791-10796
    • Ziegelbauer, K.1    Overath, P.2
  • 167
    • 0027412723 scopus 로고
    • The identification, purification, and characterization of two invariant surface glycoproteins located beneath the surface coat barrier of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei
    • D. G. Jackson, H. J. Windle, and H. P. Voorheis, "The identification, purification, and characterization of two invariant surface glycoproteins located beneath the surface coat barrier of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 268, no. 11, pp. 8085-8095, 1993. (Pubitemid 23120391)
    • (1993) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.268 , Issue.11 , pp. 8085-8095
    • Jackson, D.G.1    Windle, H.J.2    Voorheis, H.P.3
  • 168
    • 0030702839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a novel, stage-specific, invariant surface protein in Trypanosoma brucei containing an internal, serine-rich, repetitive motif
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.272.46.29212
    • D. P. Nolan, D. G. Jackson, H. J. Windle, et al., "Characterization of a novel, stage-specific, invariant surface protein in Trypanosoma brucei containing an internal, serine-rich, repetitive motif," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 272, no. 46, pp. 29212-29221, 1997. (Pubitemid 27498213)
    • (1997) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.272 , Issue.46 , pp. 29212-29221
    • Nolan, D.P.1    Jackson, D.G.2    Windle, H.J.3    Pays, A.4    Geuskens, M.5    Michel, A.6    Voorheis, H.P.7    Pays, E.8
  • 169
    • 0025744496 scopus 로고
    • Transferrin is a growth factor for the bloodstream form of Trypanosoma brucei
    • D. Schell, N. K. Borowy, and P. Overath, "Transferrin is a growth factor for the bloodstream form of Trypanosoma brucei," Parasitology Research, vol. 77, no. 7, pp. 558-560, 1991.
    • (1991) Parasitology Research , vol.77 , Issue.7 , pp. 558-560
    • Schell, D.1    Borowy, N.K.2    Overath, P.3
  • 170
    • 0028861990 scopus 로고
    • Transferrin-binding protein complex is the receptor for transferrin uptake in Trypanosoma brucei
    • D. Steverding, Y. D. Stierhof, H. Fuchs, R. Tauber, and P. Overath, "Transferrin-binding protein complex is the receptor for transferrin uptake in Trypanosoma brucei," Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 131, no. 5, pp. 1173-1182, 1995.
    • (1995) Journal of Cell Biology , vol.131 , Issue.5 , pp. 1173-1182
    • Steverding, D.1    Stierhof, Y.D.2    Fuchs, H.3    Tauber, R.4    Overath, P.5
  • 171
    • 0031907806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei require only small amounts of iron for growth
    • DOI 10.1007/s004360050357
    • D. Steverding, "Bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei require only small amounts of iron for growth," Parasitology Research, vol. 84, no. 1, pp. 59-62, 1998. (Pubitemid 28097627)
    • (1998) Parasitology Research , vol.84 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-62
    • Steverding, D.1
  • 172
    • 0037339286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The significance of transferrin receptor variation in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1016/S1471-4922(03)00006-0
    • D. Steverding, "The significance of transferrin receptor variation in Trypanosoma brucei," Trends in Parasitology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 125-127, 2003. (Pubitemid 36338076)
    • (2003) Trends in Parasitology , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 125-127
    • Steverding, D.1
  • 173
    • 0023217393 scopus 로고
    • The physiology of transfer-rin and transferrin receptors
    • H. A. Huebers and C. A. Finch, "The physiology of transfer-rin and transferrin receptors," Physiological Reviews, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 520-582, 1987.
    • (1987) Physiological Reviews , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 520-582
    • Huebers, H.A.1    Finch, C.A.2
  • 174
    • 0031435151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the ligand-binding site of the transferrin receptor in Trypanosoma brucei demonstrates a structural relationship with the N-terminal domain of the variant surface glycoprotein
    • DOI 10.1093/emboj/16.24.7272
    • D. Salmon, J. Hanocq-Quertier, F. Paturiaux-Hanocq, et al., "Characterization of the ligand-binding site of the transferrin receptor in Trypanosoma brucei demonstrates a structural relationship with the N-terminal domain of the variant surface glycoprotein," EMBO Journal, vol. 16, no. 24, pp. 7272-7278, 1997. (Pubitemid 28010487)
    • (1997) EMBO Journal , vol.16 , Issue.24 , pp. 7272-7278
    • Salmon, D.1    Hanocq-Quertier, J.2    Paturiaux-Hanocq, F.3    Pays, A.4    Tebabi, P.5    Nolan, D.P.6    Michel, A.7    Pays, E.8
  • 175
    • 0033990862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transferrin receptor of Trypanosoma brucei
    • D. Steverding, "The transferrin receptor of Trypanosoma brucei," Parasitology International, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 191-198, 2000.
    • (2000) Parasitology International , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 191-198
    • Steverding, D.1
  • 176
    • 0026814980 scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei brucei: Antigenic stability of its LDL receptor and immunological cross-reactivity with the LDL receptor of the mammalian host
    • I. Coppens, Ph. Bastin, F. R. Opperdoes, P. Baudhuin, and P. J. Courtoy, "Trypanosoma brucei brucei: antigenic stability of its LDL receptor and immunological cross-reactivity with the LDL receptor of the mammalian host," Experimental Parasitology, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 77-86, 1992.
    • (1992) Experimental Parasitology , vol.74 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-86
    • Coppens, I.1    Bastin, Ph.2    Opperdoes, F.R.3    Baudhuin, P.4    Courtoy, P.J.5
  • 179
    • 2942616973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel purine nucleoside transporter whose expression is up-regulated in the short stumpy form of the Trypanosoma brucei life cycle
    • DOI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.04.009, PII S0166685104001343
    • M. A. Sanchez, S. Drutman, M. Van Ampting, K. Matthews, and S. M. Landfear, "A novel purine nucleoside transporter whose expression is up-regulated in the short stumpy form of the Trypanosoma brucei life cycle," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 136, no. 2, pp. 265-272, 2004. (Pubitemid 38757995)
    • (2004) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.136 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-272
    • Sanchez, M.A.1    Drutman, S.2    Van Ampting, M.3    Matthews, K.4    Landfear, S.M.5
  • 180
    • 33845465931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
    • P. Vincendeau and B. Bouteille, "Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis," Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 645-665, 2006. (Pubitemid 44905149)
    • (2006) Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias , vol.78 , Issue.4 , pp. 645-665
    • Vincendeau, P.1    Bouteille, B.2
  • 181
    • 34347341812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African trypanosomosis: From immune escape and immunopathology to immune intervention
    • DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.05.005, PII S0304401707002439
    • B. Stijlemans, M. Guilliams, G. Raes, A. Beschin, S. Magez, and P. De Baetselier, "African trypanosomosis: from immune escape and immunopathology to immune intervention," Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 148, no. 1, pp. 3-13, 2007. (Pubitemid 47016765)
    • (2007) Veterinary Parasitology , vol.148 , Issue.1 SPEC. ISS. , pp. 3-13
    • Stijlemans, B.1    Guilliams, M.2    Raes, G.3    Beschin, A.4    Magez, S.5    De Baetselier, P.6
  • 182
    • 0036212849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate immune recognition
    • DOI 10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359
    • C. A. Janeway Jr. and R. Medzhitov, "Innate immune recognition," Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 20, pp. 197-216, 2002. (Pubitemid 34293424)
    • (2002) Annual Review of Immunology , vol.20 , pp. 197-216
    • Janeway Jr., C.A.1    Medzhitov, R.2
  • 183
    • 0012929728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptors
    • DOI 10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126
    • K. Takeda, T. Kaisho, and S. Akira, "Toll-like receptors," Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 21, pp. 335-376, 2003. (Pubitemid 37174535)
    • (2003) Annual Review of Immunology , vol.21 , pp. 335-376
    • Takeda, K.1    Kaisho, T.2    Akira, S.3
  • 184
    • 0035082873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA from protozoan parasites Babesia bovis, Trypanosoma cruzi, and T. brucei is mitogenic for B lymphocytes and stimulates macrophage expression of interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide
    • DOI 10.1128/IAI.69.4.2162-2171.2001
    • L. K.M. Shoda, K. A. Kegerreis, C. E. Suarez, et al., "DNA from protozoan parasites Babesia bovis, Trypanosoma cruzi, and T. b r u c e i is mitogenic for B lymphocytes and stimulates macrophage expression of interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide," Infection and Immunity, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 2162-2171, 2001. (Pubitemid 32239682)
    • (2001) Infection and Immunity , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 2162-2171
    • Shoda, L.K.M.1    Kegerreis, K.A.2    Suarez, C.E.3    Roditi, I.4    Corral, R.S.5    Bertot, G.M.6    Norimine, J.7    Brown, W.C.8
  • 185
    • 33746645926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction, gene transcription, and cytokine production triggered in macrophages by exposure to trypanosome DNA
    • DOI 10.1128/IAI.01938-05
    • T. H. Harris, N. M. Cooney, J. M. Mansfield, and D. M. Paulnock, "Signal transduction, gene transcription, and cytokine production triggered in macrophages by exposure to trypanosome DNA," Infection and Immunity, vol. 74, no. 8, pp. 4530-4537, 2006. (Pubitemid 44157239)
    • (2006) Infection and Immunity , vol.74 , Issue.8 , pp. 4530-4537
    • Harris, T.H.1    Cooney, N.M.2    Mansfield, J.M.3    Paulnock, D.M.4
  • 188
    • 0042346122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosylinositolphosphate soluble variant surface glycoprotein inhibits IFN-γ-induced nitric oxide production via reduction in STAT1 phosphorylation in African trypanosomiasis
    • S. P. Coller, J. M. Mansfield, and D. M. Paulnock, "Gly- cosylinositolphosphate soluble variant surface glycoprotein inhibits IFN-γ-induced nitric oxide production via reduction in STAT1 phosphorylation in African trypanosomiasis," Journal of Immunology, vol. 171, no. 3, pp. 1466-1472, 2003. (Pubitemid 36900081)
    • (2003) Journal of Immunology , vol.171 , Issue.3 , pp. 1466-1472
    • Coller, S.P.1    Mansfield, J.M.2    Paulnock, D.M.3
  • 189
    • 0028630691 scopus 로고
    • Glycosylphosphatidylinos-itol toxin of Trypanosoma brucei regulates IL-1α and TNF-α expression in macrophages by protein tyrosine kinase mediated signal transduction
    • S. D. Tachado and L. Schofield, "Glycosylphosphatidylinos-itol toxin of Trypanosoma brucei regulates IL-1α and TNF-α expression in macrophages by protein tyrosine kinase mediated signal transduction," Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 205, no. 2, pp. 984-991, 1994.
    • (1994) Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , vol.205 , Issue.2 , pp. 984-991
    • Tachado, S.D.1    Schofield, L.2
  • 190
    • 3442901614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma congolense infections: Antibody-mediated phagocytosis by Kupffer cells
    • DOI 10.1189/jlb.1003500
    • M. Shi, G. Wei, W. Pan, and H. Tabel, "Trypanosoma congolense infections: antibody-mediated phagocytosis by Kupffer cells," Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 399-405, 2004. (Pubitemid 39006954)
    • (2004) Journal of Leukocyte Biology , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 399-405
    • Shi, M.1    Wei, G.2    Pan, W.3    Tabel, H.4
  • 191
    • 0028027963 scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei is protected from the cytostatic effects of nitric oxide under in vivo conditions
    • N. A. Mabbott, I. A. Sutherland, and J. M. Sternberg, "Tr y -panosoma brucei is protected from the cytostatic effects of nitric oxide under in vivo conditions," Parasitolog y Research, vol. 80, no. 8, pp. 687-690, 1994. (Pubitemid 24343569)
    • (1994) Parasitology Research , vol.80 , Issue.8 , pp. 687-690
    • Mabbott, N.A.1    Sutherland, I.A.2    Sternberg, J.M.3
  • 192
    • 0029925710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide-mediated suppression of T cell responses during Trypanosoma brucei infection: Soluble trypanosome products and interferon-γ are synergistic inducers of nitric oxide synthase
    • DOI 10.1002/eji.1830260306
    • J. M. Sternberg and N. A. Mabbott, "Nitric oxide-mediated suppression of T cell responses during Trypanosoma brucei infection: soluble trypanosome products and interferon-γ are synergistic inducers of nitric oxide synthase," European Journal of Immunology, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 539-543, 1996. (Pubitemid 26091380)
    • (1996) European Journal of Immunology , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 539-543
    • Sternberg, J.M.1    Mabbott, N.A.2
  • 193
    • 0033940898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate resistance to experimental African trypanosomiasis: Differences in cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12) production by bone marrow-derived macrophages from resistant and susceptible mice
    • DOI 10.1006/cyto.2000.0685
    • R. S. Kaushik, J. E. Uzonna, Y. Zhang, J. R. Gordon, and H. Tabel, "Innate resistance to experimental African trypanoso-miasis: differences in cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12) production by bone marrow-derived macrophages from resistant and susceptible mice," Cytokine, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 1024-1034, 2000. (Pubitemid 30479485)
    • (2000) Cytokine , vol.12 , Issue.7 , pp. 1024-1034
    • Kaushik, R.S.1    Uzonna, J.E.2    Zhang, Y.3    Gordon, J.R.4    Tabel, H.5
  • 195
    • 65449142529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Both type-I and type-II responses contribute to murine trypanotoler-ance
    • B. Namangala, P. de Baetselier, and A. Beschin, "Both type-I and type-II responses contribute to murine trypanotoler-ance," Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 313-318, 2009.
    • (2009) Journal of Veterinary Medical Science , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 313-318
    • Namangala, B.1    De Baetselier, P.2    Beschin, A.3
  • 196
    • 0032534673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to the African trypanosomes is IFN-γ dependent
    • C. J. Hertz, H. Filutowicz, and J. M. Mansfield, "Resistance to the African trypanosomes is IFN-γ dependent," Journal of Immunology, vol. 161, no. 12, pp. 6775-6783, 1998. (Pubitemid 28562221)
    • (1998) Journal of Immunology , vol.161 , Issue.12 , pp. 6775-6783
    • Hertz, C.J.1    Filutowicz, H.2    Mansfield, J.M.3
  • 197
    • 0033011126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines and antibody responses during Trypanosoma congolense infections in two inbred mouse strains that differ in resistance
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1999.00202.x
    • J. E. Uzonna, R. S. Kaushik, J. R. Gordon, and H. Tabel, "Cytokines and antibody responses during Trypanosoma congolense infections in two inbred mouse strains that differ in resistance," Parasite Immunology, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 57-71, 1999. (Pubitemid 29086306)
    • (1999) Parasite Immunology , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 57-71
    • Uzonna, J.E.1    Kaushik, R.S.2    Gordon, J.R.3    Tabel, H.4
  • 199
    • 0032959945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine mRNA profiles in trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible cattle infected with the protozoan parasite trypanosoma congolense: Protective role for interleukin-4?
    • DOI 10.1089/107999099314423
    • B. Mertens, K. Taylor, C. Muriuki, and M. Rocchi, "Cytokine mRNA profiles in trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible cattle infected with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma congolense: protective role for interleukin-4?" Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 59-65, 1999. (Pubitemid 29070233)
    • (1999) Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-65
    • Mertens, B.1    Taylor, K.2    Muriuki, C.3    Rocchi, M.4
  • 200
    • 33744947510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-γ and nitric oxide in combination with antibodies are key protective host immune factors during Trypanosoma congolense Tc13 infections
    • DOI 10.1086/503808
    • S. Magez, M. Radwanska, M. Drennan, et al., "Interferon-γ and nitric oxide in combination with antibodies are key protective host immune factors during Trypanosoma congolense Tc13 infections," Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 193, no. 11, pp. 1575-1583, 2006. (Pubitemid 43841392)
    • (2006) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.193 , Issue.11 , pp. 1575-1583
    • Magez, S.1    Radwanska, M.2    Drennan, M.3    Fick, L.4    Baral, T.M.5    Brombacher, F.6    De Baetselier, P.7
  • 201
    • 34248221570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of Trypanosoma evansi infection is IgM mediated and does not require a type I inflammatory response
    • DOI 10.1086/515577
    • T. N. Baral, P. De Baetselier, F. Brombacher, and S. Magez, "Control of Trypanosoma evansi infection is IgM mediated and does not require a type I inflammatory response," Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 195, no. 10, pp. 1513-1520, 2007. (Pubitemid 46717470)
    • (2007) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.195 , Issue.10 , pp. 1513-1520
    • Baral, T.N.1    De Baetselier, P.2    Brombacher, F.3    Magez, S.4
  • 202
    • 70349464669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide hinders antibody clearance from the surface of Tr y p a n o p l a s m a borreli and increases susceptibility to complement-mediated lysis
    • M. Forlenza, M. Nakao, I. Wibowo, et al., "Nitric oxide hinders antibody clearance from the surface of Tr y p a n o p l a s m a borreli and increases susceptibility to complement-mediated lysis," Molecular Immunology, vol. 46, no. 16, pp. 3188-3197, 2009.
    • (2009) Molecular Immunology , vol.46 , Issue.16 , pp. 3188-3197
    • Forlenza, M.1    Nakao, M.2    Wibowo, I.3
  • 203
    • 0027491830 scopus 로고
    • Murine tumour necrosis factor plays a protective role during the initial phase of the experimental infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • S. Magez, R. Lucas, A. Darji, E. Bajyana Songa, R. Hamers, and P. De Baetselier, "Murine tumour necrosis factor plays a protective role during the initial phase of the experimental infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei," Parasite Immunology, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 635-641, 1993. (Pubitemid 23359171)
    • (1993) Parasite Immunology , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 635-641
    • Magez, S.1    Lucas, R.2    Darji, A.3    Bajyana Songa, E.4    Hamers, R.5    De Baetselier, P.6
  • 204
    • 0032986496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key mediator in the regulation of experimental Trypanosoma brucei infections
    • S. Magez, M. Radwanska, A. Beschin, K. Sekikawa, and P. De Baetselier, "Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key mediator in the regulation of experimental Trypanosoma brucei infections," Infection and Immunity, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 3128-3132, 1999. (Pubitemid 29244739)
    • (1999) Infection and Immunity , vol.67 , Issue.6 , pp. 3128-3132
    • Magez, S.1    Radwanska, M.2    Beschin, A.3    Sekikawa, K.4    De Baetselier, P.5
  • 206
    • 24144477991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meningoencephalitic African trypanosomiasis: Brain IL-10 and IL-6 are associated with protection from neuro-inflammatory pathology
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.06.017, PII S0165572805002663
    • J. M. Sternberg, J. Rodgers, B. Bradley, L. MacLean, M. Murray, and P. G. E. Kennedy, "Meningoencephalitic African trypanosomiasis: brain IL-10 and IL-6 are associated with protection from neuro-inflammatory pathology," Journal of Neuroimmunology, vol. 167, no. 1-2, pp. 81-89, 2005. (Pubitemid 41242290)
    • (2005) Journal of Neuroimmunology , vol.167 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 81-89
    • Sternberg, J.M.1    Rodgers, J.2    Bradley, B.3    MacLean, L.4    Murray, M.5    Kennedy, P.G.E.6
  • 207
    • 61349149323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in central nervous system trypanosomiasis: Cause, effect or both?
    • P. G. E. Kennedy, "Cytokines in central nervous system trypanosomiasis: cause, effect or both?" Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 213-214, 2009.
    • (2009) Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.103 , Issue.3 , pp. 213-214
    • Kennedy, P.G.E.1
  • 208
    • 0035340424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis
    • PII S0020751901001709
    • P. Baetselier, B. Namangala, W. Noël, L. Brys, E. Pays, and A. Beschin, "Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis," International Journal for Parasitology, vol. 31, no. 5-6, pp. 575-587, 2001. (Pubitemid 32382058)
    • (2001) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.31 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 575-587
    • Baetselier, P.1    Namangala, B.2    Noel, W.3    Brys, L.4    Pays, E.5    Beschin, A.6
  • 209
    • 0017102176 scopus 로고
    • Immunodepression, high IgM levels and evasion of the immune response in murine trypanosomiasis
    • K. M. Hudson, C. Byner, J. Freeman, and R. J. Terry, " Immunodepression, high IgM levels and evasion of the immune response in murine trypanosomiasis," Nature, vol. 264, no. 5583, pp. 256-258, 1976.
    • (1976) Nature , vol.264 , Issue.5583 , pp. 256-258
    • Hudson, K.M.1    Byner, C.2    Freeman, J.3    Terry, R.J.4
  • 210
    • 0018139637 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of an indirect fluorescent antibody test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantification of immunoglobulins in the diagnosis of bovine trypanosomiasis
    • A. G. Luckins and D. Mehlitz, "Evaluation of an indirect fluorescent antibody test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantification of immunoglobulins in the diagnosis of bovine trypanosomiasis," Tropical Animal Health and Production, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 149-159, 1978. (Pubitemid 8403095)
    • (1978) Tropical Animal Health and Production , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 149-159
    • Luckins, A.G.1    Mehlitz, D.2
  • 211
    • 0017148226 scopus 로고
    • Observations on serum immunoglobulin levels in cattle infected with Trypanosoma brucei, T. vivax and T. congolense
    • A. G. Luckins and D. Mehlitz, "Observations on serum immunoglobulin levels in cattle infected with Trypanosoma brucei, T. vivax and T. congolense ," Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 479-480, 1976.
    • (1976) Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-480
    • Luckins, A.G.1    Mehlitz, D.2
  • 212
    • 0030774762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + B lymphocytes are the main source of antibodies reactive with non-parasite antigens in Trypanosoma congolense-infected cattle
    • + B lymphocytes are the main source of antibodies reactive with non-parasite antigens in Trypanosoma congolense-infected cattle," Immunology, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 226-233, 1997. (Pubitemid 27428451)
    • (1997) Immunology , vol.92 , Issue.2 , pp. 226-233
    • Buza, J.1    Sileghem, M.2    Gwakisa, P.3    Naessens, J.4
  • 213
    • 0029966378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of anti-variable surface glycoprotein antibody responses in bovine trypanotolerance
    • D. J. L. Williams, K. Taylor, J. Newson, B. Gichuki, and J. Naessens, "The role of anti-variable surface glycoprotein antibody responses in bovine trypanotolerance," Parasite Immunology, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 209-218, 1996. (Pubitemid 26124707)
    • (1996) Parasite Immunology , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 209-218
    • Williams, D.J.L.1    Taylor, K.2    Newson, J.3    Gichuki, B.4    Naessens, J.5
  • 214
    • 0018426076 scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune response to DNA, red blood cells, and thymocyte antigens in association with polyclonal antibody synthesis during experimental African trypanosomiasis
    • T. Kobayakawa, J. Louis, S. Izui, and P. H. Lambert, "Autoimmune response to DNA, red blood cells, and thymocyte antigens in association with polyclonal antibody synthesis during experimental African trypanosomiasis," Journal of Immunology, vol. 122, no. 1, pp. 296-301, 1979. (Pubitemid 9082448)
    • (1979) Journal of Immunology , vol.122 , Issue.1 , pp. 296-301
    • Kobayakawa, T.1    Louis, J.2    Izui, S.3    Lambert, P.H.4
  • 215
    • 0027195211 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of T helper cell responses to the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein
    • K. W. Schleifer, H. Filutowicz, L. R. Schopf, and J. M. Mansfield, "Characterization of T helper cell responses to the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein," Journal of Immunology, vol. 150, no. 7, pp. 2910-2919, 1993. (Pubitemid 23127540)
    • (1993) Journal of Immunology , vol.150 , Issue.7 , pp. 2910-2919
    • Schleifer, K.W.1    Filutowicz, H.2    Schopf, L.R.3    Mansfield, J.M.4
  • 216
    • 0021924078 scopus 로고
    • The role of humoral immune responses in determining susceptibility of A/J and C57BL/6 mice to infection with Trypanosoma congolense
    • W. I. Morrison and M. Murray, "The role of humoral immune responses in determining susceptibility of A/J and C57BL/6 mice to infection with Trypanosoma congolense," Parasite Immunology, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 63-79, 1985. (Pubitemid 15146872)
    • (1985) Parasite Immunology , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-79
    • Morrison, W.I.1    Murray, M.2
  • 218
    • 0020460384 scopus 로고
    • Protective immunity and specificity of antibody responses elicited in cattle by irradiated Trypanosoma brucei
    • W. I. Morrison, S. J. Black, and J. Paris, "Protective immunity and specificity of antibody responses elicited in cattle by irradiated Trypanosoma brucei," Parasite Immunology, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 395-407, 1982. (Pubitemid 13182262)
    • (1982) Parasite Immunology , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 395-407
    • Morrison, W.I.1    Black, S.J.2    Paris, J.3
  • 220
    • 0020358698 scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei: Recognition in vitro of two developmental forms by murine macrophages
    • D. M. Mosser and J. F. Roberts, "Trypanosoma brucei: recognition in vitro of two developmental forms by murine macrophages," Experimental Parasitology, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 310-316, 1982. (Pubitemid 13149789)
    • (1982) Experimental Parasitology , vol.54 , Issue.3 , pp. 310-316
    • Mosser, D.M.1    Roberts, J.F.2
  • 221
    • 33744796798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CR3 (CD11b/CD18) is the major macrophage receptor for IgM antibody-mediated phagocytosis of African trypanosomes: Diverse effect on subsequent synthesis of tumor necrosis factor α and nitric oxide
    • DOI 10.1016/j.micinf.2005.11.009, PII S1286457905004314
    • W. Pan, O. Ogunremi, G. Wei, M. Shi, and H. Tabel, "CR3 (CD11b/CD18) is the major macrophage receptor for IgM antibody-mediated phagocytosis of African trypanosomes: diverse effect on subsequent synthesis of tumor necrosis factor α and nitric oxide," Microbes and Infection, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1209-1218, 2006. (Pubitemid 43831686)
    • (2006) Microbes and Infection , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 1209-1218
    • Pan, W.1    Ogunremi, O.2    Wei, G.3    Shi, M.4    Tabel, H.5
  • 222
    • 0025296687 scopus 로고
    • T-cell-independent and T-cell-dependent B-cell responses to exposed variant surface glycoprotein epitopes in trypanosome-infected mice
    • D. M. Reinitz and J. M. Mansfield, "T-cell-independent and T-cell-dependent B-cell responses to exposed variant surface glycoprotein epitopes in trypanosome-infected mice," Infection and Immunity, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2337-2342, 1990. (Pubitemid 20212316)
    • (1990) Infection and Immunity , vol.58 , Issue.7 , pp. 2337-2342
    • Reinitz, D.M.1    Mansfield, J.M.2
  • 223
    • 0033534391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD1d-restricted immunoglobulin G formation to GPI-anchored antigens mediated by NKT cells
    • L. Schofield, M. J. McConville, D. Hansen, et al., "CD1d-restricted immunoglobulin G formation to GPI-anchored antigens mediated by NKT cells," Science, vol. 283, no. 5399, pp. 225-229, 1999.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , Issue.5399 , pp. 225-229
    • Schofield, L.1    McConville, M.J.2    Hansen, D.3
  • 224
    • 0018911080 scopus 로고
    • 75Se-labeled Trypanosoma brucei in mice. II. Mechanisms in immune animals
    • J. A. Macaskill, P. H. Holmes, D. D. Whitelaw, et al., "Immunological clearance of 75Se-labelled Trypanosoma brucei in mice. II. Mechanisms in immune animals," Immunology, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 629-635, 1980. (Pubitemid 10035026)
    • (1980) Immunology , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 629-635
    • MacAskill, J.A.1    Holmes, P.H.2    Whitelaw, D.D.3
  • 225
    • 0020687183 scopus 로고
    • Lymphocyte function in experimental African trypanosomiasis. V. Role of antibody and the mononuclear phagocyte system in variant-specific immunity
    • W. L. Dempsey and J. M. Mansfield, "Lymphocyte function in experimental African trypanosomiasis. V. Role of antibody and the mononuclear phagocyte system in variant-specific immunity," Journal of Immunology, vol. 130, no. 1, pp. 405-411, 1983. (Pubitemid 13172689)
    • (1983) Journal of Immunology , vol.130 , Issue.1 , pp. 405-411
    • Dempsey, W.L.1    Mansfield, J.M.2
  • 226
    • 0021166854 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of resistance to the African trypanosomes: III. Variant-specific antibody responses of H-2-compatible resistant and susceptible mice
    • R. F. Levine and J. M. Mansfield, "Genetics of resistance to the African trypanosomes: III. Variant-specific antibody responses of H-2-compatible resistant and susceptible mice," Journal of Immunology, vol. 133, no. 3, pp. 1564-1569, 1984. (Pubitemid 14058339)
    • (1984) Journal of Immunology , vol.133 , Issue.3 , pp. 1564-1569
    • Levine, R.F.1    Mansfield, J.M.2
  • 227
    • 0022461549 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of parasite-specific antibody responses in resistant (C57BL/6) and susceptible (C3H/He) mice infected with Trypanosoma (trypanozoon) brucei brucei
    • S. J. Black, C. N. Sendashonga, and P. Webster, "Regulation of parasite-specific antibody responses in resistant (C57BL/6) and susceptible (C3H/He) mice infected with Trypanosoma (trypanozoon) brucei brucei," Parasite Immunology, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 425-442, 1986. (Pubitemid 16016445)
    • (1986) Parasite Immunology , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 425-442
    • Black, S.J.1    Sendashonga, C.N.2    Webster, P.3
  • 228
    • 0022457794 scopus 로고
    • Control of trypanodestructive antibody responses and parasitemia in mice infected with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax
    • S. M. Mahan, L. Hendershot, and S. J. Black, "Control of trypanodestructive antibody responses and parasitemia in mice infected with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax," Infection and Immunity, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 213-221, 1986. (Pubitemid 16021236)
    • (1986) Infection and Immunity , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 213-221
    • Mahan, S.M.1    Hendershot, L.2    Black, S.J.3
  • 229
    • 0019434857 scopus 로고
    • Immune complexes in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid in African trypanosomiasis. Correlation with polyclonal B cell activation and with intracerebral immunoglobulin synthesis
    • P. H. Lambert, M. Berney, and G. Kazyumba, "Immune complexes in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid in African try-panosomiasis. Correlation with polyclonal B cell activation and with intracerebral immunoglobulin synthesis," Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 77-85, 1981. (Pubitemid 11163159)
    • (1981) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-85
    • Lambert, P.H.1    Berney, M.2    Kazyumba, G.3
  • 230
    • 0018305391 scopus 로고
    • Functional depletion of T- and B-memory cells and other lymphoid cell subpopulations during trypanosomiasis
    • B. A. Askonas, A. C. Corsini, C. E. Clayton, and B. M. Ogilvie, "Functional depletion of T- and B-memory cells and other lymphoid cell subpopulations during trypanosomia-sis," Immunology, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 313-321, 1979. (Pubitemid 9253835)
    • (1979) Immunology , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 313-321
    • Askonas, B.A.1    Corsini, A.C.2    Clayton, C.E.3    Ogilvie, B.M.4
  • 231
    • 0023268546 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral blood leucocytes subpopulation dynamics during Trypanosoma congolense infection in Boran and N'Dama cattle: An analysis using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry
    • J. A. Ellis, J. R. Scott, and N. D. Machugh, "Peripheral blood leucocytes subpopulation dynamics during Trypanosoma congolense infection in Boran and N'Dama cattle: an analysis using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry," Parasite Immunology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 363-378, 1987. (Pubitemid 17074202)
    • (1987) Parasite Immunology , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 363-378
    • Ellis, J.A.1    Scott, J.R.2    Machugh, N.D.3
  • 232
    • 0018633308 scopus 로고
    • Immunodepression and the course of infection of a chronic trypanosoma brucei infection in mice
    • K. M. Hudson and R. J. Terry, "Immunodepression and the course of infection of a chronic Trypanosoma brucei infection in mice," Parasite Immunology, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 317-326, 1979. (Pubitemid 10100712)
    • (1979) Parasite Immunology , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 317-326
    • Hudson, K.M.1    Terry, R.J.2
  • 233
    • 50849133896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of B-cells and IgM antibodies in parasitemia, anemia, and VSG switching in Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice
    • Article ID e1000122
    • S. Magez, A. Schwegmann, R. Atkinson, et al., "The role of B-cells and IgM antibodies in parasitemia, anemia, and VSG switching in Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice," PLoS Pathogens, vol. 4, no. 8, Article ID e1000122, 2008.
    • (2008) PLoS Pathogens , vol.4 , Issue.8
    • Magez, S.1    Schwegmann, A.2    Atkinson, R.3
  • 234
    • 0032005105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune responses of cattle to African trypanosomes: Protective or pathogenic?
    • DOI 10.1016/S0020-7519(97)00154-9, PII S0020751997001549
    • K. A. Taylor, "Immune responses of cattle to African try-panosomes: protective or pathogenic?" International Journal for Parasitology, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 219-240, 1998. (Pubitemid 28097656)
    • (1998) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 219-240
    • Taylor, K.A.1
  • 235
    • 0026676421 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying trypanosome-elicited immunosuppression
    • A. Darji, R. Lucas, S. Magez, et al., "Mechanisms underlying trypanosome-elicited immunosuppression," Annales de la Societe Belge de Medecine Tropicale, vol. 72, supplement 1, pp. 27-38, 1992.
    • (1992) Annales de la Societe Belge de Medecine Tropicale , vol.72 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 27-38
    • Darji, A.1    Lucas, R.2    Magez, S.3
  • 237
    • 0025922782 scopus 로고
    • In vitro simulation of immunosuppresion caused by Trypanosoma brucei
    • M. Sileghem, A. Darji, and P. De Baetselier, "In vitro simulation of immunosuppresion caused by Trypanosoma brucei," Immunology, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 246-248, 1991.
    • (1991) Immunology , vol.73 , Issue.2 , pp. 246-248
    • Sileghem, M.1    Darji, A.2    De Baetselier, P.3
  • 238
    • 52049102223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T cells and immunopathogen-esis of experimental African trypanosomiasis
    • H. Tabel, G. Wei, and M. Shi, "T cells and immunopathogen-esis of experimental African trypanosomiasis," Immunologi-cal Reviews, vol. 225, no. 1, pp. 128-139, 2008.
    • (2008) Immunologi-cal Reviews , vol.225 , Issue.1 , pp. 128-139
    • Tabel, H.1    Wei, G.2    Shi, M.3
  • 239
    • 0025347631 scopus 로고
    • Suppressive macrophages occurring in murine Trypanosoma brucei infection inhibit T-cell responses in vivo and in vitro
    • N. K. Borowy, J. M. Sternberg, D. Schreiber, C. Nonnengasser, and P. Overath, "Suppressive macrophages occurring in murine Trypanosoma brucei infection inhibit T-cell responses in vivo and in vitro," Parasite Immunology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 233-246, 1990. (Pubitemid 20184706)
    • (1990) Parasite Immunology , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 233-246
    • Borowy, N.K.1    Sternberg, J.M.2    Schreiber, D.3    Nonnengasser, C.4    Overath, P.5
  • 240
    • 0024336562 scopus 로고
    • Dual role of macrophages in the suppression of interleukin 2 production and interleukin 2 receptor expression in trypanosome-infected mice
    • M. Sileghem, A. Darji, R. Hamers, M. Van de Winkel, and P. De Baetselier, "Dual role of macrophages in the suppression of interleukin 2 production and interleukin 2 receptor expression in trypanosome-infected mice," European Journal of Immunology, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 829-835, 1989. (Pubitemid 19165441)
    • (1989) European Journal of Immunology , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 829-835
    • Sileghem, M.1    Darji, A.2    Hamers, R.3    Van De Winkel, M.4    De Baetselier, P.5
  • 241
    • 0027382922 scopus 로고
    • Suppressor macrophages in African trypanosomiasis inhibit T cell proliferative responses by nitric oxide and prostaglandins
    • K. W. Schleifer and J. M. Mansfield, "Suppressor macrophages in African trypanosomiasis inhibit T cell proliferative responses by nitric oxide and prostaglandins," Journal of Immunology, vol. 151, no. 10, pp. 5492-5503, 1993. (Pubitemid 23332359)
    • (1993) Journal of Immunology , vol.151 , Issue.10 , pp. 5492-5503
    • Schleifer, K.W.1    Mansfield, J.M.2
  • 242
    • 0031969369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei infection elicits nitric oxide-dependent and nitric oxide-independent suppressive mechanisms
    • A. Beschin, L. Brys, S. Magez, M. Radwanska, and P. De Baetselier, "Trypanosoma brucei infection elicits nitric oxide-dependent and nitric oxide-independent suppressive mechanisms," Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 429-439, 1998. (Pubitemid 28163182)
    • (1998) Journal of Leukocyte Biology , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 429-439
    • Beschin, A.1    Brys, L.2    Magez, S.3    Radwanska, M.4    De Baetselier, P.5
  • 243
    • 0031830887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African trypanosome infections in mice that lack the interferon-γ receptor gene: Nitric oxide-dependent and -independent suppression of T-cell proliferative responses and the development of anaemia
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1998.00541.x
    • N. A. Mabbott, P. S. Coulson, L. E. Smythies, R. A. Wilson, and J. M. Sternberg, "African trypanosome infections in mice that lack the interferon-γ receptor gene: nitric oxide-dependent and -independent suppression of T-cell proliferative responses and the development of anaemia," Immunology, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 476-480, 1998. (Pubitemid 28352785)
    • (1998) Immunology , vol.94 , Issue.4 , pp. 476-480
    • Mabbott, N.A.1    Coulson, P.S.2    Smythies, L.E.3    Wilson, R.A.4    Sternberg, J.M.5
  • 244
    • 0030006457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro simulation of immunosuppression caused by Trypanosoma brucei: Active involvement of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor in the pathway of suppression
    • A. Darji, A. Beschin, M. Sileghem, H. Heremans, L. Brys, and P. De Baetselier, "In vitro simulation of immunosuppression caused by Trypanosoma brucei: active involvement of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor in the pathway of suppression," Infection and Immunity, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 1937-1943, 1996. (Pubitemid 26165649)
    • (1996) Infection and Immunity , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 1937-1943
    • Darji, A.1    Beschin, A.2    Sileghem, M.3    Heremans, H.4    Brys, L.5    De Baetselier, P.6
  • 245
    • 0034126492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection impairs MHC class II antigen presentation capacity of macrophages
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2000.00314.x
    • B. Namangala, L. Brys, S. Magez, P. De Baetselier, and A. Beschin, "Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection impairs MHC class II antigen presentation capacity of macrophages," Parasite Immunology, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 361-370, 2000. (Pubitemid 30417360)
    • (2000) Parasite Immunology , vol.22 , Issue.7 , pp. 361-370
    • Namangala, B.1    Brys, L.2    Magez, S.3    De Baetselier, P.4    Beschin, A.5
  • 246
    • 0027177154 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of T-cell responsiveness during experimental infections with Trypanosoma brucei: Active involvement of endogenous gamma interferon
    • A. Darji, M. Sileghem, H. Heremans, L. Brys, and P. De Baetselier, "Inhibition of T-cell responsiveness during experimental infections with Trypanosoma brucei: active involvement of endogenous gamma interferon," Infection and Immunity, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 3098-3102, 1993. (Pubitemid 23182317)
    • (1993) Infection and Immunity , vol.61 , Issue.7 , pp. 3098-3102
    • Darji, A.1    Sileghem, M.2    Heremans, H.3    Brys, L.4    De Baetselier, P.5
  • 247
  • 248
    • 0035107942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis
    • B. Namangala, P. De Baetselier, W. Noël, L. Brys, and A. Beschin, "Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis," Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 387-396, 2001. (Pubitemid 32221442)
    • (2001) Journal of Leukocyte Biology , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-396
    • Namangala, B.1    De Baetselier, P.2    Noel, W.3    Brys, L.4    Beschin, A.5
  • 249
    • 0027239842 scopus 로고
    • IL-10 inhibits macrophage costimulatory activity by selectively inhibiting the up-regulation of B7 expression
    • L. Ding, P. S. Linsley, L. Y. Huang, R. N. Germain, and E. M. Shevach, "IL-10 inhibits macrophage costimulatory activity by selectively inhibiting the up-regulation of B7 expression," Journal of Immunology, vol. 151, no. 3, pp. 1224-1234, 1993. (Pubitemid 23219258)
    • (1993) Journal of Immunology , vol.151 , Issue.3 , pp. 1224-1234
    • Ding, L.1    Linsley, P.S.2    Huang, L.-Y.3    Germain, R.N.4    Shevach, E.M.5
  • 250
    • 38449100946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African trypanosomiasis: Naturally occurring regulatory T cells favor trypanotolerance by limiting pathology associated with sustained type 1 inflammation
    • M. Guilliams, G. Oldenhove, W. Noel, et al., "African trypanosomiasis: naturally occurring regulatory T cells favor trypanotolerance by limiting pathology associated with sustained type 1 inflammation," Journal of Immunology, vol. 179, no. 5, pp. 2748-2757, 2007.
    • (2007) Journal of Immunology , vol.179 , Issue.5 , pp. 2748-2757
    • Guilliams, M.1    Oldenhove, G.2    Noel, W.3
  • 251
    • 50949124542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental expansion of the regulatory T cell population increases resistance to African trypanosomiasis
    • M. Guilliams, T. Bosschaerts, M. Hérin, et al., "Experimental expansion of the regulatory T cell population increases resistance to African trypanosomiasis," Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 198, no. 5, pp. 781-791, 2008.
    • (2008) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.198 , Issue.5 , pp. 781-791
    • Guilliams, M.1    Bosschaerts, T.2    Hérin, M.3
  • 252
    • 35748961998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based treatment alleviates trypanosomiasis-associated immunopathology
    • B. Stijlemans, T. N. Baral, M. Guilliams, et al., "A glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based treatment alleviates trypanosomiasis- associated immunopathology," Journal of Immunology, vol. 179, no. 6, pp. 4003-4014, 2007.
    • (2007) Journal of Immunology , vol.179 , Issue.6 , pp. 4003-4014
    • Stijlemans, B.1    Baral, T.N.2    Guilliams, M.3
  • 253
    • 0032036741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanotolerance, an option for sustainable livestock production in areas at risk from trypanosomosis
    • G. D. M. D'Ieteren, E. Authié, N. Wissocq, and M. Murray, "Trypanotolerance, an option for sustainable livestock production in areas at risk from trypanosomosis," OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 154-175, 1998. (Pubitemid 128366520)
    • (1998) OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 154-175
    • D'Ieteren, G.D.M.1    Authie, E.2    Wissocq, N.3    Murray, M.4
  • 254
    • 33646342744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine trypanotolerance: A natural ability to prevent severe anaemia and haemophagocytic syndrome?
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.02.012, PII S0020751906000695, Blood-Brain Barrier in Parasitic Disease
    • J. Naessens, "Bovine trypanotolerance: a natural ability to prevent severe anaemia and haemophagocytic syndrome?" International Journal for Parasitology, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 521-528, 2006. (Pubitemid 43674511)
    • (2006) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 521-528
    • Naessens, J.1
  • 255
  • 256
    • 0031781453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haematological changes in N'Dama and Gobra Zebu bulls during Trypanosoma congolense infection maintained under a controlled feeding regimen
    • DOI 10.1016/S0001-706X(97)00123-X, PII S0001706X9700123X
    • O. O. Akinbamijo, J. J. Bennison, J. Jaitner, and L. Dempfle, "Haematological changes in N'Dama and Gobra Zebu bulls during Trypanosoma congolense infection maintained under a controlled feeding regimen," Acta Tropica, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 181-192, 1998. (Pubitemid 28243241)
    • (1998) Acta Tropica , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 181-192
    • Akinbamijo, O.O.1    Bennison, J.J.2    Jaitner, J.3    Dempfle, L.4
  • 257
    • 0033093228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune response of cattle infected with african trypanosomes
    • K. A. Taylor and B. Mertens, "Immune Response of Cattle Infected with African trypanosomes," Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 94, no. 2, pp. 239-244, 1999. (Pubitemid 129619988)
    • (1999) Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-244
    • Taylor, K.A.1    Mertens, B.2
  • 258
    • 0032519414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glycosyl-inositol-phosphate and dimyristoylglycerol moieties of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant-specific surface glycoprotein are distinct macrophage-activating factors
    • S. Magez, B. Stijlemans, M. Radwanska, E. Pays, M. A. J. Ferguson, and P. De Baetselier, "The glycosyl-inositol-phosphate and dimyristoylglycerol moieties of the glyco-sylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant-specific surface glycoprotein are distinct macrophage-activating factors," Journal of Immunology, vol. 160, no. 4, pp. 1949-1956, 1998. (Pubitemid 28106485)
    • (1998) Journal of Immunology , vol.160 , Issue.4 , pp. 1949-1956
    • Magez, S.1    Stijlemans, B.2    Radwanska, M.3    Pays, E.4    Ferguson, M.A.J.5    De Baetselier, P.6
  • 262
    • 0035887631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and cytokine synthesis in human African trypanosomiasis
    • DOI 10.1086/323479
    • L. MacLean, M. Odiit, and J. M. Sternberg, "Nitric oxide and cytokine synthesis in human African trypanosomiasis," Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 184, no. 8, pp. 1086-1090, 2001. (Pubitemid 32955130)
    • (2001) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.184 , Issue.8 , pp. 1086-1090
    • MacLean, L.1    Odiit, M.2    Sternberg, J.M.3
  • 263
    • 0025751547 scopus 로고
    • Immunopathology of experimental African sleeping sickness: Detection of cytokine mRNA in the brains of Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected mice
    • C. A. Hunter, J. W. Gow, P. G. E. Kennedy, F. W. Jennings, and M. Murray, "Immunopathology of experimental African sleeping sickness: detection of cytokine mRNA in the brains of Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected mice," Infection and Immunity, vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 4636-4640, 1991.
    • (1991) Infection and Immunity , vol.59 , Issue.12 , pp. 4636-4640
    • Hunter, C.A.1    Gow, J.W.2    Kennedy, P.G.E.3    Jennings, F.W.4    Murray, M.5
  • 264
    • 0026544370 scopus 로고
    • Immunopathology in central nervous system human African trypanosomiasis
    • C. A. Hunter and P. G. E. Kennedy, "Immunopathology in central nervous system human African trypanosomiasis," Journal of Neuroimmunology, vol. 36, no. 2-3, pp. 91-95, 1992.
    • (1992) Journal of Neuroimmunology , vol.36 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 91-95
    • Hunter, C.A.1    Kennedy, P.G.E.2
  • 265
    • 0028342537 scopus 로고
    • Tumour necrosis factor production by monocytes from cattle infected with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax and Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense: Possible association with severity of anaemia associated with the disease
    • M. Sileghem, J. N. Flynn, L. Logan-Henfrey, and J. Ellis, "Tumour necrosis factor production by monocytes from cattle infected with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax and Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense: possible association with severity of anaemia associated with the disease," Parasite Immunology, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 51-54, 1994. (Pubitemid 24176420)
    • (1994) Parasite Immunology , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-54
    • Sileghem, M.1    Flynn, J.N.2    Logan-Henfrey, L.3    Ellis, J.4
  • 266
    • 39849096916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eliminating human African trypanosomiasis: Where do we stand and what comes next?
    • article e55
    • P. P. Simarro, J. Jannin, and P. Cattand, "Eliminating human African trypanosomiasis: where do we stand and what comes next?" PLoS Medicine, vol. 5, no. 2, article e55, 2008.
    • (2008) PLoS Medicine , vol.5 , Issue.2
    • Simarro, P.P.1    Jannin, J.2    Cattand, P.3
  • 267
    • 64549155267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of bovine trypanosomosis by restricted application of insecticides to cattle using footbaths
    • J. Bouyer, F. Stachurski, A. S. Gouro, and R. Lancelot, "Control of bovine trypanosomosis by restricted application of insecticides to cattle using footbaths," Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 161, no. 3-4, pp. 187-193, 2009.
    • (2009) Veterinary Parasitology , vol.161 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 187-193
    • Bouyer, J.1    Stachurski, F.2    Gouro, A.S.3    Lancelot, R.4
  • 268
    • 65849494984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects for developing odour baits to control Glossina fuscipes spp., the major vector of human African trypanosomiasis
    • article e435
    • M. O. Omolo, A. Hassanali, S. Mpiana, et al., "Prospects for developing odour baits to control Glossina fuscipes spp., the major vector of human African trypanosomiasis," PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol. 3, no. 5, article e435, 2009.
    • (2009) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases , vol.3 , Issue.5
    • Omolo, M.O.1    Hassanali, A.2    Mpiana, S.3
  • 269
    • 65949093943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to make evolution-proof insecticides for malaria control
    • article e1000058
    • A. F. Read, P. A. Lynch, and M. B. Thomas, "How to make evolution-proof insecticides for malaria control," PLoS Biology, vol. 7, no. 4, article e1000058, 2009.
    • (2009) PLoS Biology , vol.7 , Issue.4
    • Read, A.F.1    Lynch, P.A.2    Thomas, M.B.3
  • 270
    • 1642410384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human African trypanosomiasis of the CNS: Current issues and challenges
    • DOI 10.1172/JCI200421052
    • P. G. E. Kennedy, "Human African trypanosomiasis of the CNS: current issues and challenges," Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 496-504, 2004. (Pubitemid 38542496)
    • (2004) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.113 , Issue.4 , pp. 496-504
    • Kennedy, P.G.E.1
  • 271
    • 0142258170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis: Current and future prospects
    • DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2003.09.002
    • A. H. Fairlamb, "Chemotherapy of human African try-panosomiasis: current and future prospects," Tr e n d s i n Parasitology, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 488-494, 2003. (Pubitemid 37329657)
    • (2003) Trends in Parasitology , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 488-494
    • Fairlamb, A.H.1
  • 273
    • 0038639784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eflornithine for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis
    • C. Burri and R. Brun, "Eflornithine for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis," Parasitology Research, vol. 90, supplement 1, pp. S49-S52, 2003. (Pubitemid 36831292)
    • (2003) Parasitology Research , vol.90 , Issue.SUPPL.1
    • Burri, C.1    Brun, R.2
  • 274
    • 0034701571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of new, concise schedule for melarsoprol in treatment of sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucel gambiense: A randomised trial
    • C. Burri, S. Nkunku, A. Merolle, T. Smith, J. Blum, and R. Brun, "Efficacy of new, concise schedule for melarsoprol in treatment of sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense: a randomised trial," The Lancet, vol. 355, no. 9213, pp. 1419-1425, 2000. (Pubitemid 30215965)
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , Issue.9213 , pp. 1419-1425
    • Burri, C.1    Nkunku, S.2    Merolle, A.3    Smith, T.4    Blum, J.5    Brun, R.6
  • 275
    • 0028366196 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of human African trypanosomiasis
    • J. Pepin and F. Milord, "The treatment of human African trypanosomiasis," Advances in Parasitology, vol. 33, pp. 1-47, 1994. (Pubitemid 23357084)
    • (1994) Advances in Parasitology , vol.33 , pp. 1-47
    • Pepin, J.1    Milord, F.2
  • 277
    • 4444384506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of 10-day melarsoprol schedule 2 years after treatment for late-stage gambiense sleeping sickness
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16940-7, PII S0140673604169407
    • C. Schmid, S. Nkunku, A. Merolle, P. Vounatsou, and C. Burri, "Efficacy of 10-day melarsoprol schedule 2 years after treatment for late-stage gambiense sleeping sickness," The Lancet, vol. 364, no. 9436, pp. 789-790, 2004. (Pubitemid 39165100)
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , Issue.9436 , pp. 789-790
    • Schmid, C.1    Nkunku, S.2    Merolle, A.3    Vounatsou, P.4    Burri, C.5
  • 278
    • 0036888193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human African trypanosomiasis: Potential therapeutic benefits of an alternative suramin and melarsoprol regimen
    • DOI 10.1016/S1383-5769(02)00044-2, PII S1383576902000442
    • F. W. Jennings, J. Rodgers, B. Bradley, G. Gettinby, P. G. E. Kennedy, and M. Murray, "Human African trypanosomiasis: potential therapeutic benefits of an alternative suramin and melarsoprol regimen," Parasitology International, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 381-388, 2002. (Pubitemid 35287509)
    • (2002) Parasitology International , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 381-388
    • Jennings, F.W.1    Rodgers, J.2    Bradley, B.3    Gettinby, G.4    Kennedy, P.G.E.5    Murray, M.6
  • 280
    • 0035201133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African bovine trypanosomiasis: The problem of drug resistance
    • S. Geerts, P. H. Holmes, O. Diall, and M. C. Eisler, "African bovine trypanosomiasis: the problem of drug resistance," Trends in Parasitology, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 25-28, 2001.
    • (2001) Trends in Parasitology , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-28
    • Geerts, S.1    Holmes, P.H.2    Diall, O.3    Eisler, M.C.4
  • 281
    • 13844297315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a genetic marker for isometamidium chloride resistance in Trypanosoma congolense
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2004.11.009
    • V. Delespaux, D. Geysen, P. A. O. Majiwa, and S. Geerts, "Identification of a genetic marker for isometamidium chloride resistance in Trypanosoma congolense," International Journal for Parasitology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 235-243, 2005. (Pubitemid 40248718)
    • (2005) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 235-243
    • Delespaux, V.1    Geysen, D.2    Majiwa, P.A.O.3    Geerts, S.4
  • 282
    • 0028108443 scopus 로고
    • Chemotherapy and delivery systems: Haemoparasites
    • DOI 10.1016/0304-4017(94)90092-2
    • A. S. Peregrine, "Chemotherapy and delivery systems: haemoparasites," Veterinary Parasitology, vol. 54, no. 1-3, pp. 223-248, 1994. (Pubitemid 24294206)
    • (1994) Veterinary Parasitology , vol.54 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 223-248
    • Peregrine, A.S.1
  • 283
    • 0034712433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of trypanocidal drug use in the Eastern Province of Zambia
    • DOI 10.1016/S0001-706X(00)00059-0, PII S0001706X00000590
    • P. Van den Bossche, M. Doran, and R. J. Connor, "An analysis of trypanocidal drug use in the Eastern Province of Zambia," Acta Tropica, vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 247-258, 2000. (Pubitemid 30120036)
    • (2000) Acta Tropica , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-258
    • Van Den Bossche, P.1    Doran, M.2    Connor, R.J.3
  • 284
    • 0027222637 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to clinical drugs in African trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/0169-4758(93)90145-6
    • C. J. Bacchi, "Resistance to clinical drugs in African try-panosomes," Parasitology Today, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 190-193, 1993. (Pubitemid 23126434)
    • (1993) Parasitology Today , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 190-193
    • Bacchi, C.J.1
  • 285
    • 17444433224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug transport and drug resistance in African trypanosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.drup.2003.09.001
    • P. Mäser, A. Lüscher, and R. Kaminsky, "Drug transport and drug resistance in African trypanosomes," Drug Resistance Updates, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 281-290, 2003. (Pubitemid 37493784)
    • (2003) Drug Resistance Updates , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 281-290
    • Maser, P.1    Luscher, A.2    Kaminsky, R.3
  • 286
    • 0028875686 scopus 로고
    • Uptake of diamidine drugs by the P2 nucleoside transporter in melarsen-sensitive and-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • N. S. Carter, B. J. Berger, and A. H. Fairlamb, "Uptake of diamidine drugs by the P2 nucleoside transporter in melarsen-sensitive and-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 270, no. 47, pp. 28153-28157, 1995.
    • (1995) The Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.270 , Issue.47 , pp. 28153-28157
    • Carter, N.S.1    Berger, B.J.2    Fairlamb, A.H.3
  • 287
    • 0026734403 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of melarsen-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei with respect to cross-resistance to other drugs and trypanothione metabolism
    • A. H. Fairlamb, N. S. Carter, M. Cunningham, and K. Smith, "Characterisation of melarsen-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei with respect to cross-resistance to other drugs and trypanothione metabolism," Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol. 53, no. 1-2, pp. 213-222, 1992.
    • (1992) Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology , vol.53 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 213-222
    • Fairlamb, A.H.1    Carter, N.S.2    Cunningham, M.3    Smith, K.4
  • 288
    • 0028631795 scopus 로고
    • Induction of resistance to melarsenoxide cysteamine (Mel Cy) in Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • H. Pospichal, R. Brun, R. Kaminsky, and L. Jenni, "Induction of resistance to melarsenoxide cysteamine (Mel Cy) in Trypanosoma brucei brucei," Acta Tropica, vol. 58, no. 3-4, pp. 187-197, 1994.
    • (1994) Acta Tropica , vol.58 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 187-197
    • Pospichal, H.1    Brun, R.2    Kaminsky, R.3    Jenni, L.4
  • 291
    • 0036223214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of the putative thiol conjugate transporter TbMRPA causes melarsoprol resistance in Trypanosoma brucei
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02831.x
    • S. K. Shahi, R. L. Krauth-Siegel, and C. E. Clayton, "Overexpression of the putative thiol conjugate transporter TbMRPA causes melarsoprol resistance in Trypanosoma brucei," Molecular Microbiology, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1129-1138, 2002. (Pubitemid 34304532)
    • (2002) Molecular Microbiology , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 1129-1138
    • Shahi, S.K.1    Krauth-Siegel, R.L.2    Clayton, C.E.3
  • 292
    • 27644512037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired resistance to berenil in a cloned isolate of Trypanosoma evansi is associated with upregulation of a novel gene, TeDR40
    • DOI 10.1017/S003118200500836X, PII S003118200500836X
    • W. H. Witola, A. Tsuda, N. Inoue, K. Ohashi, and M. Onuma, "Acquired resistance to berenil in a cloned isolate of Trypanosoma evansi is associated with upregulation of a novel gene, TeDR40," Parasitology, vol. 131, no. 5, pp. 635-646, 2005. (Pubitemid 41577937)
    • (2005) Parasitology , vol.131 , Issue.5 , pp. 635-646
    • Witola, W.H.1    Tsuda, A.2    Inoue, N.3    Ohashi, K.4    Onuma, M.5
  • 294
    • 0034785850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunisation of cattle with cysteine proteinases of Trypanosoma congolense: Targetting the disease rather than the parasite
    • DOI 10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00266-1, PII S0020751901002661
    • E. Authié, A. Boulangé, D. Muteti, G. Lalmanach, F. Gauthier, and A. J. Musoke, "Immunisation of cattle with cysteine proteinases of Trypanosoma congolense: targetting the disease rather than the parasite," International Journal for Parasitol-ogy, vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 1429-1433, 2001. (Pubitemid 32946997)
    • (2001) International Journal for Parasitology , vol.31 , Issue.13 , pp. 1429-1433
    • Authie, E.1    Boulange, A.2    Muteti, D.3    Lalmanach, G.4    Gauthier, F.5    Musoke, A.J.6
  • 295
    • 0036771468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunization with a tubulin-rich preparation from Trypanosoma brucei confers broad protection against African trypanosomosis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0014-4894(02)00140-6
    • G. W. Lubega, D. K. Byarugaba, and R. K. Prichard, "Immunization with a tubulin-rich preparation from Tr y -panosoma brucei confers broad protection against African trypanosomosis," Experimental Parasitology, vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 9-22, 2002. (Pubitemid 36279579)
    • (2002) Experimental Parasitology , vol.102 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-22
    • Lubega, G.W.1    Byarugaba, D.K.2    Prichard, R.K.3
  • 296
    • 33947212508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunization with recombinant beta-tubulin from Trypanosoma evansi induced protection against T. evansi, T. equiperdum and T. b. brucei infection in mice
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00933.x
    • S.-Q. Li, M.-C. Fung, S. A. Reid, N. Inoue, and Z.-R. Lun, "Immunization with recombinant beta-tubulin from Trypanosoma evansi induced protection against T. e v a n s i , T. equiperdum and T. b. b r u c e i infection in mice," Parasite Immunology, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 191-199, 2007. (Pubitemid 46434885)
    • (2007) Parasite Immunology , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 191-199
    • Li, S.-Q.1    Fung, M.-C.2    Reid, S.A.3    Inoue, N.4    Lun, Z.-R.5
  • 297
    • 63149182113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hostparasite interactions in trypanosomiasis: On the way to an antidisease strategy
    • N. Antoine-Moussiaux, P. Büscher, and D. Desmecht, "Hostparasite interactions in trypanosomiasis: on the way to an antidisease strategy," Infection and Immunity, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 1276-1284, 2009.
    • (2009) Infection and Immunity , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 1276-1284
    • Antoine-Moussiaux, N.1    Büscher, P.2    Desmecht, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.