The glycosyl-inositol-phosphate and dimyristoylglycerol moieties of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant-specific surface glycoprotein are distinct macrophage-activating factors

Journal of Immunology

Volumn 160, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 1949-1956

  Magez, Stefan ^a,d   Stijlemans, Benoît ^a   Radwanska, Magdalena ^b   Pays, Etienne ^b   Ferguson, Michael A J ^c   De Baetselier, Patrick ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SYSTEMS BIOLOGY   (Belgium)

^b FREE UNIVERSITY OF BRUSSELS   (Belgium)

^c UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE   (United Kingdom)

^d VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESCHERICHIA COLI LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; GLYCOPROTEIN; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 1ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN 6; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL CULTURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INFECTION RESISTANCE; INFLAMMATION; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PARASITEMIA; PERITONEUM MACROPHAGE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI; TRYPANOSOMIASIS;

ANIMALS; CARBOHYDRATE SEQUENCE; CELL MEMBRANE; FEMALE; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOLS; INTERFERON TYPE II; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; MACROPHAGE-ACTIVATING FACTORS; MACROPHAGES; MICE; MICE, INBRED C3H; PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROLS; SOLUBILITY; TRYPANOSOMIASIS, AFRICAN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS, TRYPANOSOMA;

EID: 0032519414     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Vassalli, P. 1992. The pathology of tumor necrosis factor. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 10:411.
2. Beutler B., J. Mahoney, N. Le Tang, P. Pekala, and A. Cerami. 1985. Purification of cachectin, a lipoprotein lipase-suppressing hormone secreted by endotoxin-induced RAW 264.7 cells. J. Exp. Med. 161:984.
3. Beutler B., and A. Cerami. 1988. Tumor necrosis, cachexia, shock, and inflammation: a common mediator. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:505.
4. Lucas, R., S. Magez, E. Bajyana Songa, A. Darji, R. Hamers, and P. De Baetselier. 1993. A role for TNF-α during African trypanosomiasis: involvement in parasite control, immunosuppression and pathology. Res. Immunol. 144-370.
5. Tarleton, R. L. 1988. Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) production during experimental Chagas' disease. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 73:186.
6. Titus, R. G., B. Sherry, and A. Cerami. 1989. Tumor necrosis factor plays a protective role in experimental murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. J. Exp. Med. 170:2097.
7. Grau, E. G., L. F. Fajardo, P.-F. Piquet, B. Allet, P.-H. Lambert, and P. Vassali. 1987. Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) as an essential mediator in murine cerebral malaria. Science 237:1210.
8. Titus, R. G., B. Sherry, and A. Cerami. 1991. The involvement of TNF-α, II-1 and 11-6 in the immune response to protozoan parasites. Immunoparasitol. Today 12:13.
9. Okomo-Assoumou, M. C., S. Daulouede, J. L. Lemesre, A. N'Zila-Mouanda, and P. Vincendeau. 1995. Correlation of high serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha with disease severity in human African trypanosomiasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 53:539.
10. Sileghem, M., J. N. Flynn, L. Logan-Henfrey, and J. Ellis. 1994. Tumor necrosis factor production by monocytes from cattle infected with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax and Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense: possible association with severity of anemia associated with the disease. Parasite Immunol. 16:51.
11. Hunter, C. A., J. W. Gow, P. G. E. Kennedy, F. W. Jennings, and M. Murray. 1991. Immunopathology of experimental African sleeping sickness: detection of cytokine mRNA in the brains of Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected mice. Infect. Immun. 59:4636.
12. Darji, A., A. Beschin, M. Sileghem, H. Heremans, L. Brys, and P. De Baetselier. 1996. In vitro simulation of immunosuppression caused by Trypanosoma brucei: active involvement of interferon and tumor necrosis factor in the pathway of suppression. Infect. Immun. 64:1937.
13. Magez, S., R. Lucas, A. Darji, E. Bajyana Songa, R. Hamers, and P. De Baetselier. 1993. Murine tumor necrosis factor plays a protective role during the initial phase of the experimental infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Parasite Immunol. 15:635.
14. Lucas, R., S. Magez, R. De Leys, L. Fransen, J. P. Scheerlinck, M. Rampelberg, E. Sablon, and P. De Baetselier. 1994. Mapping the lectin-like activity of tumor necrosis factor. Science 263:814.
15. Bakhiet, M., T. Olsson, J. Mhlanga, P. Büscher, N. Lycke, P. van der Heide, and K. Kristensson. 1996. Human and rodent interferon-γ as a growth factor for Trypanosoma brucei. Eur. J. Immunol. 26::1359.
16. Magez, S., M. Geuskens, A. Beschin, H. Del Favero, H. Verschueren, R. Lucas, E. Pays, and P. De Baetselier. 1997. Specific uptake of tumor necrosis factor-α is involved in growth control of Trypanosoma brucei. J. Cell Biol. 137::715.
17. Tachado, S. D., and L. Schofield. 1994. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol toxin of Trypanosoma brucei regulates IL-1α and TNF-α expression in macrophages by protein tyrosine kinase mediated signal transduction. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 205:984.
18. Cross, G. A. M. 1990. Cellular and genetic aspects of antigenic variation in trypanosomes. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 8:83.
19. Pays, E., L. Vanhamme, and M. Berberof. 1994. Genetic control for expression of surface antigens in African trypanosomes. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 48:25.
20. Rolin, S., J. Hanocq-Quertier, F. Paturiaux-Hanocq, D. Nolan, D. Salmon, H. Webb, P. Voorheis, and E. Pays. 1996. Simultaneous but independent activation of adenylate cyclase and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C under stress conditions in Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem. 271:10844.
21. Fox J. A., M. Duszenko, M. A. J. Ferguson, M. G. Low, and G. A. M. Cross. 1986. Purification and characterization of a novel glycan-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem. 261:15767.
22. De Baetselier P., and E. Schram. 1986. Novel luminescent bioassays based on macrophage cell lines. Methods Enzymol. 133:507.
23. Lanham, S. N. 1968. Separation of trypanosomes from the blood of infected rats and mice by anion-exchangers. Nature 218:1273.
24. Jackson, D. G., M. J. Owen, and H. P. Voorheis. 1985. A new method for the rapid purification of both the membrane-bound and released forms of the variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma brucei. Biochem. J. 230:195.
25. Ferguson, M. A. J., M. G. Low, and G. A. M. Cross. 1985. Glycosyl-sn-1,2-dimyristyl phosphatidylinositol is covalently linked to Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein. J. Biol. Chem. 260:14547.
26. Ferguson, M. A. J., S. W. Homas, R. A. Dwerk, and T. W. Rademacher. 1988. Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol moiety that anchors Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein to the membrane. Science 239:753.
27. Ferguson, M. A. J. 1992. The chemical and enzymatic analysis of GPI fine structure. In Lipid Modification of Proteins: A Practical Approach. N. M. Hooper and A. J. Turner, eds. IRL Oxford University Press, London, p. 191.
28. Ferguson, M. A. J., and S. W. Homas. 1989. The membrane attachment of the variant surface glycoprotein coat of Trypanosoma brucei. In New Strategies in Parasitology. K. P. W. J. McAdam, ed. Churchill-Livingstone, London, p. 121.
29. Güther, M. L. S., M. L. Cardoso de Almeida, N. Yoshida, M. A. J., and Ferguson. 1992. Structural studies on the GPI anchor of the 1G7 antigen from Trypanosoma cruzi: structure of the glycan core. J. Biol. Chem. 267:6820.
30. Pentreath, V. W. 1994. Endotoxin and the significance for murine trypanosomiasis. Parasitol. Today 10:226.
31. + T cells: a trypanosome-released factor triggers interferon-γ production that stimulates parasite growth. Eur. J. Immunol. 21:2447.
32. Darji, A., M. Sileghem, H. Heremans, L. Brys, and P. De Baetselier. 1993. Inhibition of T-cell responsiveness during experimental infections with Trypanosoma brucei: active involvement of endogenous gamma interferon. Infect. Immun. 61:3098.
33. Schleifer, K. W., H. Filutowicz, L. R. Scoph, and J. M. Mansfield. 1993. Characterization of T helper responses to the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein. J. Immunol. 150:2910.
34. Schofield, L., and F. Hacket. 1993. Signal transduction in host cells by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol toxin of malaria parasites. J. Exp. Med. 177:145.
35. Bate, C. A. W., J. Taverne, and J. H. L. Playfair. 1992. Detoxified exoantigens and phosphatidylinositol derivates inhibit tumor necrosis factor by malarial exoantigens. Infect. Immun. 60:1894.
36. Bate, C. A. W., and D. P. Kwiatkowski. 1994. Stimulators of tumor necrosis factor production released by damaged erythrocytes. Immunology 83:256.
37. Bate, C. A. W., J. Taverne, H. J. Bootsma, R. C. Mason, N. Skalo, G. Gregoriadis, and J. H. L. Playfair. 1992. Antibodies against phosphatidylinositol and inositol monophosphate specifically inhibit tumor necrosis factor induction by malaria exoantigens. Immunology 76:35.
38. Tachado, S. D., P. Gerold, R. Schwartz, S. Navakovic, M. McConville, and L. Schofield. 1997. Signal transduction in macrophages by glycosylphosphatidylinositols of Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and Leishmania: activation of protein tyrosine kinases and protein kinase C by inositolglycan and diacetylglycerol moieties. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:4022.
39. Grunvald, E., M. Chiaramonte, S. Hieny, M. Wysocka, G. Trinchieri, S. N. Vogel, R. T. Gazzinelli, and A. Sher. Biochemical characterization and protein kinase C dependency of monokine-inducing activities of Toxoplasma gondii. Infect. Immun. 64:2010.
40. Mathias, S., R. Perez, and P. Diffley. 1990. The kinetics of gene expression and maturation of IL-1α after induction with the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense or lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol. 145:3450.
41. Mérida, I. 1992. Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol: a novel mechanism of signal transduction. New Biol. 3:207.
42. Weinstein, S. L., J. S. Sanghera, K. Lemke, A. L. De-Franco, and S. L. Pelech. 1992. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of mitogen activated protein kinase in macrophages. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 14955.
43. Fuhlbrigge, R. C., D. D. Chaplin, J. M. Kiely, and E. R. Unanue. 1987. Regulation of interleukin 1 gene expression by adherence and lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol. 138:3799.
44. Ulevitch, R. J., and P. S. Tobias. 1995. Receptor-dependent mechanisms of cell stimulation by bacterial endotoxin. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 13:437.
45. Shapiro, S. Z. 1986. Trypanosoma brucei: release of variant surface glycoprotein during the parasite life cycle. Exp. Parasitol. 61:432.
46. Philip, R., and L. B. Epstein. 1986. Tumor necrosis factor as immunomodulator and mediator of monocyte cytotoxicity induced by itself, gamma-interferon and interleukin-1. Nature 323:86.