메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 47, Issue 13, 2009, Pages 1265-1333

Eukaryotization of the early biosphere: A biogeochemical aspect

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABIOGENIC; ARCHEAN; BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE; BIOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; CELLULAR METABOLIC NETWORKS; CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; ECOSYSTEM LEVELS; EUKARYOTIC CELLS; EUKARYOTIC ORGANISMS; EVOLUTIONARY EVENTS; EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS; EXCHANGE REACTION; GEOCHEMICAL CHANGES; GLOBAL EXPANSION; HETEROTROPHY; HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION; HYDROGEN SOURCES; KEY FACTORS; LIVING CELL; LIVING ORGANISMS; LIVING SYSTEMS; MULTICELLULAR ANIMALS; OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS; OXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PROTEROZOIC; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS;

EID: 75949083327     PISSN: 00167029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1134/S0016702909130011     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (11)

References (400)
  • 1
    • 75949117685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L'évolution créatrice (Paris, 1907)
    • English Translation by A. Mitchell, The Modern Library, New York
    • H. Bergson, L'évolution créatrice (Paris, 1907). English Translation by A. Mitchell, Creative Evolution (The Modern Library, New York, 2007).
    • (2007) Creative Evolution
    • Bergson, H.1
  • 2
    • 0001204463 scopus 로고
    • Über Natur und Ursprung der Chromatophoren im Pflanzenreiche
    • C. Mereschkowski, Über Natur und Ursprung der Chromatophoren im Pflanzenreiche, Biol. Centralbl., 25, 593-604 (1905).
    • (1905) Biol. Centralbl. , vol.25 , pp. 593-604
    • Mereschkowski, C.1
  • 3
    • 33746552049 scopus 로고
    • On the Role of Symbiosis in the Evolution of Organisms
    • A. S. Famintsyn, On the Role of Symbiosis in the Evolution of Organisms, Tr. St. Petersb. O-va Ispyt. Prir. 38, 141-170 (1907).
    • (1907) Tr. St. Petersb. O-Va Ispyt. Prir. , vol.38 , pp. 141-170
    • Famintsyn, A.S.1
  • 8
    • 33746498215 scopus 로고
    • Problem of the Origin of Eukaryotic Cells
    • I. M. Mirabdullaev, Problem of the Origin of Eukaryotic Cells, Usp. Sovrem. Biol. 107(4), 341-356 (1989) [in Russian].
    • (1989) Usp. Sovrem. Biol. , vol.107 , Issue.4 , pp. 341-356
    • Mirabdullaev, I.M.1
  • 9
    • 33746568927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Early Biological Evolution from the Viewpoint of Genomics
    • Paleontol. J. 37, 609-616 (2003)
    • S. V. Shestakov, On the Early Biological Evolution from the Viewpoint of Genomics, Paleontol. Zh., No. 6, 50-57 (2003) [Paleontol. J. 37, 609-616 (2003)].
    • (2003) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.6 , pp. 50-57
    • Shestakov, S.V.1
  • 10
    • 33746522851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major Stages in the Evolution of Eukaryotic Organisms
    • Paleontol. J. 37, 584-591 (2003)
    • V. V. Malakhov, Major Stages in the Evolution of Eukaryotic Organisms, Paleontol. Zh., No. 6, 25-32 (2003) [Paleontol. J. 37, 584-591 (2003)].
    • (2003) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.6 , pp. 25-32
    • Malakhov, V.V.1
  • 11
    • 33746066765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Origin of the Eukaryotic Cell
    • Paleontol. J. 37, 109-116 (2005)
    • A. V. Markov, On the Origin of the Eukaryotic Cell, Paleontol. Zh., No. 2, 3-12 (2005) [Paleontol. J. 37, 109-116 (2005)].
    • (2005) Paleontol. Zh.
    • Markov, A.V.1
  • 12
    • 33746528622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical Impoverishment and Eukaryotization of the Biosphere: A Causal Link
    • Paleontol. J. 37, 592-599
    • M. A. Fedonkin, Geochemical Impoverishment and Eukaryotization of the Biosphere: A Causal Link, Paleontol. Zh., No. 6, 33-40 (2003) [Paleontol. J. 37, 592-599].
    • (2003) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.6 , pp. 33-40
    • Fedonkin, M.A.1
  • 13
    • 65149091332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in Metal Availability and the Eukaryotization of the Biosphere in the Precambrian
    • M. A. Fedonkin, Change in Metal Availability and the Eukaryotization of the Biosphere in the Precambrian, in Modern Problems of Geology, Ed. by Yu. O. Gavrilov and M. D. Khutorskoi, Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk 565, 426-447 (2004).
    • (2004) Modern Problems of Geology , vol.565 , pp. 426-447
    • Fedonkin, M.A.1    Gavrilov, Y.O.2    Khutorskoi, M.D.3
  • 14
    • 5444253939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and Consequences of Eukaryotization through Mutualistic Endosymbiosis and Compartmentalization
    • R. Hengeveld and M. A. Fedonkin, Causes and Consequences of Eukaryotization through Mutualistic Endosymbiosis and Compartmentalization,î Acta Biotheor. 52(2), 105-154 (2004).
    • (2004) Acta Biotheor. , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-154
    • Hengeveld, R.1    Fedonkin, M.A.2
  • 16
    • 0000526144 scopus 로고
    • Mineral Theories of the Origin of Life and an Iron-Sulphide Example
    • A. G. Cairns-Smith, A. J. Hall, and M. J. Russell, Mineral Theories of the Origin of Life and an Iron-Sulphide Example, Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 22, 161-180 (1992).
    • (1992) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.22 , pp. 161-180
    • Cairns-smith, A.G.1    Hall, A.J.2    Russell, M.J.3
  • 17
    • 0029876064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of Long Prebiotic Oligomers on Mineral Surfaces
    • J. P. Ferris, A. R. Hill, R. H. Liu, et al., Synthesis of Long Prebiotic Oligomers on Mineral Surfaces, Nature 381, 59-61 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 59-61
    • Ferris, J.P.1    Hill, A.R.2    Liu, R.H.3
  • 21
    • 36549051257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two Approaches to the Study of the Origin of Life
    • R. Hengeveld, Two Approaches to the Study of the Origin of Life, Acta Biotheor. 55(2), 97-131 (2007).
    • (2007) Acta Biotheor. , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 97-131
    • Hengeveld, R.1
  • 22
    • 33746517217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomineral Homologies
    • N. P. Yushkin, Biomineral Homologies, in Syktyvkar Mineral, Tr. Inst. Geol. Komi NK UrO RAN 29, 5-27 (2000).
    • (2000) Syktyvkar Mineral , vol.29 , pp. 5-27
    • Yushkin, N.P.1
  • 23
    • 34250169004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized Hypothesis of the Origin of the Living-Matter Simplest Elements, Transformation of the Archean Atmosphere, and the Formation of Methane-Hydrate Deposits
    • V. E. Ostrovskii, E. A. Kadyshevich, Generalized Hypothesis of the Origin of the Living-Matter Simplest Elements, Transformation of the Archean Atmosphere, and the Formation of Methane-Hydrate Deposits, Physics-Uspekhi, 50(2), 175-196 (2007).
    • (2007) Physics-Uspekhi , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 175-196
    • Ostrovskii, V.E.1    Kadyshevich, E.A.2
  • 24
    • 40549116652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Quataron Hypothesis of the Origin of Life
    • [Biol. Sci. 418, 50-52 (2008)]
    • A. Askhabov, The Quataron Hypothesis of the Origin of Life, Dokl. Obshch. Biol. 418, 564-566 (2008) [Biol. Sci. 418, 50-52 (2008)].
    • (2008) Dokl. Obshch. Biol. , vol.418 , pp. 564-566
    • Askhabov, A.1
  • 26
    • 0024254814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Before Enzymes and Templates: Theory of Surface Metabolism
    • G. Wächtershäuser, Before Enzymes and Templates: Theory of Surface Metabolism, Microbiol. Rev., 52, 452-484 (1998).
    • (1998) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.52 , pp. 452-484
    • Wächtershäuser, G.1
  • 27
    • 34249713769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Chemistry and Evolution of the Pioneer Organism
    • G. Wächtershäuser, On the Chemistry and Evolution of the Pioneer Organism, Chem. Biodiv. 4, 584-602 (2007).
    • (2007) Chem. Biodiv. , vol.4 , pp. 584-602
    • Wächtershäuser, G.1
  • 28
    • 0030875872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Emergence of Life from Iron Monosulphide Bubbles at a Submarine Hydrothermal Redox and pH Front
    • M. J. Russell and A. J. Hall, The Emergence of Life from Iron Monosulphide Bubbles at a Submarine Hydrothermal Redox and pH Front, J. Geol. Soc. London 154, 377-402 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Geol. Soc. London , vol.154 , pp. 377-402
    • Russell, M.J.1    Hall, A.J.2
  • 29
    • 36549077770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Alkaline Solution to the Emergence of Life: Energy, Entropy and Early Evolution
    • M. J. Russell, The Alkaline Solution to the Emergence of Life: Energy, Entropy and Early Evolution, Acta Biotheor. 55(2), 133-79 (2007).
    • (2007) Acta Biotheor. , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-179
    • Russell, M.J.1
  • 30
    • 33750048398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First Life
    • M. Russell, First Life, Am. Sci. 94, 32-39 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 32-39
    • Russell, M.1
  • 32
    • 36549087312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bootstrapping the Energy Flow in the Beginning of Life
    • R. Hengeveld and M. A. Fedonkin, Bootstrapping the Energy Flow in the Beginning of Life, Acta Biotheor. 55, 181-226 (2007).
    • (2007) Acta Biotheor. , vol.55 , pp. 181-226
    • Hengeveld, R.1    Fedonkin, M.A.2
  • 34
    • 0029991767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthermophilic Prokaryotes
    • K. O. Stetter, Hyperthermophilic Prokaryotes, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 18, 149-158 (1996).
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 149-158
    • Stetter, K.O.1
  • 35
    • 23044494638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Emerging Phylogenetic Core of Archaea: Phylogenies of Transcription and Translation Machineries Converge Following Addition of New Genome Sequences
    • C. Brochier, P. Forterre, S. Gribaldo, An Emerging Phylogenetic Core of Archaea: Phylogenies of Transcription and Translation Machineries Converge Following Addition of New Genome Sequences, BMC Evol. Biol. 5, 36-42 (2005).
    • (2005) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.5 , pp. 36-42
    • Brochier, C.1    Forterre, P.2    Gribaldo, S.3
  • 36
    • 0004270279 scopus 로고
    • Moscow: Moskovskii rabochii
    • A. I. Oparin, Origin of Life (Moskovskii rabochii, Moscow, 1924) [in Russian].
    • (1924) Origin of Life
    • Oparin, A.I.1
  • 37
    • 75949090424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Hydrogen and Metals in the Origin and Evolution of the Metabolic Systems
    • E. M. Galimov (Ed.), Moscow: Librokom
    • M. A. Fedonkin, Role of Hydrogen and Metals in the Origin and Evolution of the Metabolic Systems, in Problems of the Origination and Evolution of Biosphere, Ed. by E. M. Galimov (Librokom, Moscow, 2008), pp. 417-437 [in Russian].
    • (2008) Problems of the Origination and Evolution of Biosphere , pp. 417-437
    • Fedonkin, M.A.1
  • 38
    • 36549045029 scopus 로고
    • M.-W. Ho (Ed.), Milton Keynes: Open University Press
    • Living processes. Book 2. Bioenergetics, Ed. by M.-W. Ho (Open University Press, Milton Keynes, 1995).
    • (1995) Living Processes. Book 2. Bioenergetics
  • 39
    • 84891437760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Symbiotic Nature of Metabolic Evolution
    • T. A. C. Reydon and L. Hemerik (Eds.), Dordrecht: Springer
    • S. A. L. Kooijman and R. Hengeveld, The Symbiotic Nature of Metabolic Evolution, in Current Themes in Theoretical Biology: A Dutch Perspective, Ed. by T. A. C. Reydon and L. Hemerik (Springer, Dordrecht, 2005), pp. 159-202.
    • (2005) Current Themes in Theoretical Biology: A Dutch Perspective , pp. 159-202
    • Kooijman, S.A.L.1    Hengeveld, R.2
  • 40
    • 14644390916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lost City Life
    • A. Boetius, Lost City Life, Science 307(5714), 1420-1422 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , Issue.5714 , pp. 1420-1422
    • Boetius, A.1
  • 41
    • 20044396151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Serpentinite-Hosted Ecosystem: The Lost City Hydrothermal Field
    • D. S. Kelley, J. A. Karson, G. L. Früh-Green, et al., A Serpentinite-Hosted Ecosystem: The Lost City Hydrothermal Field, Science 307(5714), 1428-1434 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , Issue.5714 , pp. 1428-1434
    • Kelley, D.S.1    Karson, J.A.2    Früh-green, G.L.3
  • 42
    • 38849138652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abiogenic Hydrocarbon Production at Lost City Hydrothermal Field
    • G. Proskurowski, M. D. Lilley, J. S. Seewald, et al., Abiogenic Hydrocarbon Production at Lost City Hydrothermal Field, Science 319, 604-607 (2008).
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 604-607
    • Proskurowski, G.1    Lilley, M.D.2    Seewald, J.S.3
  • 43
    • 0003577822 scopus 로고
    • J. W. Schopf and C. Klein (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • The Proterozoic Biosphere: a Multidisciplinary Study, Ed. by J. W. Schopf and C. Klein (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992).
    • (1992) The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Study
  • 49
    • 34447316696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen Symbioses in Evolution and Disease
    • doi: 10. 1093/qjmed/hcm04
    • A. C. Williams and D. B. Ramsden, Hydrogen Symbioses in Evolution and Disease, Q. J. Med. 100, 451-459 (2007). doi: 10. 1093/qjmed/hcm045.
    • (2007) Q. J. Med. , vol.100 , pp. 451-459
    • Williams, A.C.1    Ramsden, D.B.2
  • 50
    • 0023184331 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial Evolution
    • C. R. Woese, Bacterial Evolution, Microbiol. Rev. 51, 221-271 (1987).
    • (1987) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.51 , pp. 221-271
    • Woese, C.R.1
  • 51
    • 0030323823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthermophiles in the History of Life
    • New York: John Wiley and Sons
    • K. O. Stetter, Hyperthermophiles in the History of Life, in Ciba Foundation Symposium (John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1996), Vol. 202, pp. 1-18.
    • (1996) Ciba Foundation Symposium , vol.202 , pp. 1-18
    • Stetter, K.O.1
  • 53
    • 2642689666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Hydrogen Hypothesis for the First Eukaryote
    • W. Martin and M. Müller, The Hydrogen Hypothesis for the First Eukaryote, Nature 392, 37-41 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 37-41
    • Martin, W.1    Müller, M.2
  • 54
    • 31844432945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological Energy Eequirements as Quantitative Boundary Conditions for Life in the Subsurface
    • T. M. Hoehler, Biological Energy Eequirements as Quantitative Boundary Conditions for Life in the Subsurface, Geobiology 2, 205-215 (2004).
    • (2004) Geobiology , vol.2 , pp. 205-215
    • Hoehler, T.M.1
  • 56
  • 57
    • 33744981594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Last Ancestor of All Microbes Must Have Been an Electrochemist
    • N. Lane, The Last Ancestor of All Microbes Must Have Been an Electrochemist, Nature 441, 274-276 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature , vol.441 , pp. 274-276
    • Lane, N.1
  • 58
    • 0037471691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Origins of Cells: A Hypothesis for the Evolutionary Transitions from Abiotic Geochemistry to Chemoautotrophic Prokaryotes, and from Prokaryotes to Nucleated Cells
    • W. Martin and M. J. Russell, On the Origins of Cells: A Hypothesis for the Evolutionary Transitions from Abiotic Geochemistry to Chemoautotrophic Prokaryotes, and from Prokaryotes to Nucleated Cells, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London 358, 59-85 (2003).
    • (2003) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London , vol.358 , pp. 59-85
    • Martin, W.1    Russell, M.J.2
  • 59
    • 75949098556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Metabolism of Earth's First Organisms
    • J. T. Staley, The Metabolism of Earth's First Organisms, Mol. Biol. Evol. 23, 1286-1292 (2006).
    • (2006) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.23 , pp. 1286-1292
    • Staley, J.T.1
  • 60
    • 0029502896 scopus 로고
    • The Integral Enstatite Chondrite Model of the Earth
    • M. Javoy, The Integral Enstatite Chondrite Model of the Earth, Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 2219-2222 (1995).
    • (1995) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.22 , pp. 2219-2222
    • Javoy, M.1
  • 61
    • 33846291856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outgassing of Ordinary Chondritic Material and Some of Its Implications for the Chemistry of Asteroids, Planets, and Satellites
    • doi: 10. 1016/j. icarus. 2006. 09. 002
    • L. Schaefer and B. Jr. Fegley, Outgassing of Ordinary Chondritic Material and Some of Its Implications for the Chemistry of Asteroids, Planets, and Satellites, Icarus (2006), doi: 10. 1016/j. icarus. 2006. 09. 002.
    • (2006) Icarus
    • Schaefer, L.1    Fegley Jr., B.2
  • 62
    • 75949117944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magmatic Transport of Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen Constituents from Reduced Planetary Interiors
    • A. A. Kadik and Yu. A. Litvin, Magmatic Transport of Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen Constituents from Reduced Planetary Interiors, Lunar Planet. Sci. 38, 1020 (2007). (http://www. lpi. usra. edu/meetings/lpsc2007pdf/1020. pdf).
    • (2007) Lunar Planet. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 1020
    • Kadik, A.A.1    Litvin, Y.A.2
  • 63
    • 18244410409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox Evolution of the Earth Caused by a Multi-Stage Formation of its Core
    • E. M. Galimov, Redox Evolution of the Earth Caused by a Multi-Stage Formation of its Core, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 233, 263-276 (2005).
    • (2005) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.233 , pp. 263-276
    • Galimov, E.M.1
  • 64
    • 18644381196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Hydrogen-Rich Early Earth Atmosphere
    • F. Tian, O. B. Toon, A. A. Pavlov, and H. De Sterck, A Hydrogen-Rich Early Earth Atmosphere, Science 308, 1014-1017 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1014-1017
    • Tian, F.1    Toon, O.B.2    Pavlov, A.A.3    de Sterck, H.4
  • 69
    • 0342368876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 the Universal Energy Source for Long-Term Survival?
    • 2 the Universal Energy Source for Long-Term Survival? Microbial Ecol. 38, 307-320 (2000).
    • (2000) Microbial Ecol. , vol.38 , pp. 307-320
    • Morita, R.Y.1
  • 70
    • 0036491050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen in Rocks: An Energy Source for Deep Microbial Communities
    • F. Freund, J. T. Dickinson, and M. Cash, Hydrogen in Rocks: An Energy Source for Deep Microbial Communities, Astrobiology 2(1), 83-92 (2002).
    • (2002) Astrobiology , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-92
    • Freund, F.1    Dickinson, J.T.2    Cash, M.3
  • 72
    • 75949107740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degassing of the Earth's Mantle during Melting and Formation of Metallic Core of the Planet: Results of Experimental Modeling
    • E. M. Galimov (Ed.), Moscow: Librokom
    • A. A. Kadik, Degassing of the Earth's Mantle during Melting and Formation of Metallic Core of the Planet: Results of Experimental Modeling, in The Origin and Evolution of the Biosphere, Ed. by E. M. Galimov (Librokom, Moscow, 2008) [in Russian].
    • (2008) The Origin and Evolution of the Biosphere
    • Kadik, A.A.1
  • 73
    • 33744789959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serpentinization and Its Implications for Life on the Early Earth and Mars
    • M. Schulte, D. Blake, T. Hoehler, and T. McCollom, Serpentinization and Its Implications for Life on the Early Earth and Mars, Astrobiology 6, 364-376 (2006).
    • (2006) Astrobiology , vol.6 , pp. 364-376
    • Schulte, M.1    Blake, D.2    Hoehler, T.3    McCollom, T.4
  • 75
    • 33644824513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen and Primary Productivity: Inference of Biogeochemistry from Phylogeny in a Geothermal Ecosystem
    • Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University
    • J. R. Spear, J. J. Walker, and N. R. Pace, Hydrogen and Primary Productivity: Inference of Biogeochemistry from Phylogeny in a Geothermal Ecosystem, in Geothermal Biology and Geochemistry in Yellowstone National Park (Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University, 2005), pp. 113-128.
    • (2005) Geothermal Biology and Geochemistry in Yellowstone National Park , pp. 113-128
    • Spear, J.R.1    Walker, J.J.2    Pace, N.R.3
  • 76
    • 0032435658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Sites of Transition Metal Enzymes with a Focus on Nickel
    • U. Ermler, W. Grabarse, S. Shima, et al., Active Sites of Transition Metal Enzymes with a Focus on Nickel, Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 8, 749-758 (1998).
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 749-758
    • Ermler, U.1    Grabarse, W.2    Shima, S.3
  • 78
    • 0034886919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification and Phylogeny of Hydrogenases
    • P. M. Vignais, B. Billoud, and J. Meyer, Classification and Phylogeny of Hydrogenases, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 25, 455-501 (2001).
    • (2001) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.25 , pp. 455-501
    • Vignais, P.M.1    Billoud, B.2    Meyer, J.3
  • 79
    • 0004089421 scopus 로고
    • Budapest: Acad. Sci. Hungary, in Russian
    • F. B. Straub Biochemistry (Acad. Sci. Hungary, Budapest, 1965) [in Russian].
    • (1965) Biochemistry
    • Straub, F.B.1
  • 80
    • 0001689934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nickel-Containing Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase/Acetyl-CoA Synthase
    • S. W. Ragsdale and M. Kumar, Nickel-Containing Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase/Acetyl-CoA Synthase, Chem. Rev. 96, 2515-2539 (1996).
    • (1996) Chem. Rev. , vol.96 , pp. 2515-2539
    • Ragsdale, S.W.1    Kumar, M.2
  • 81
    • 0001435641 scopus 로고
    • Average Content of Chemical Elements in the Main Types of the Earthís Igneous Rocks
    • A. P. Vinogradov, Average Content of Chemical Elements in the Main Types of the Earthís Igneous Rocks, Geokhimiya, No. 7, 555-571 (1962).
    • (1962) Geokhimiya , pp. 555-571
    • Vinogradov, A.P.1
  • 82
    • 34548693599 scopus 로고
    • Main Concepts in the Biogeochemistry of the Ocean
    • A. S. Monin and A. P. Lisitsyn (Eds.), Moscow: Nauka
    • A. P. Lisitsyn, Main Concepts in the Biogeochemistry of the Ocean, in Biogeochemistry of the Ocean, Ed. by A. S. Monin and A. P. Lisitsyn (Nauka, Moscow, 1983), pp. 9-32 [in Russian].
    • (1983) Biogeochemistry of the Ocean , pp. 9-32
    • Lisitsyn, A.P.1
  • 83
    • 36549004140 scopus 로고
    • Chemical Elements and Hydrobionts in Food Chains
    • A. S. Monin and A. P. Lisitsyn (Eds.), Moscow: Nauka, in Russian
    • N. P. Morozov, Chemical Elements and Hydrobionts in Food Chains, in Biogeochemistry of the Ocean, Ed. by A. S. Monin and A. P. Lisitsyn (Nauka, Moscow, 1983), pp. 127-165 [in Russian].
    • (1983) Biogeochemistry of the Ocean , pp. 127-165
    • Morozov, N.P.1
  • 85
    • 75949101704 scopus 로고
    • Chemical Elementary Composition of Marine Organisms
    • A. P. Vinogradov, Chemical Elementary Composition of Marine Organisms, Tr. Biogeokhim. Lab. Akad. Nauk SSSR 4(1937), 6 (1944).
    • (1944) Tr. Biogeokhim. Lab. Akad. Nauk SSSR , vol.4 , Issue.1937 , pp. 6
    • Vinogradov, A.P.1
  • 86
    • 9344250079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Role of Dissimilatory Fe(III)-Reducing Bacteria in Transformation of Iron Minerals
    • Paleontol. J. 38, 231-237 (2004)
    • D. G. Zavarzina, The Role of Dissimilatory Fe(III)-Reducing Bacteria in Transformation of Iron Minerals, Paleontol. Zh., No. 3, 3-10 (2004) [Paleontol. J. 38, 231-237 (2004)].
    • (2004) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.3 , pp. 3-10
    • Zavarzina, D.G.1
  • 87
    • 0022924754 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial Scavenging of Mn and Fe in a Mid- to Far-Field Hydrothermal Particle Plume
    • J. P. Cowen, G. J. Massoth, and E. T. Baker, Bacterial Scavenging of Mn and Fe in a Mid- to Far-Field Hydrothermal Particle Plume, Nature 322, 169-171 (1986).
    • (1986) Nature , vol.322 , pp. 169-171
    • Cowen, J.P.1    Massoth, G.J.2    Baker, E.T.3
  • 88
    • 0024219883 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial Manganese Reduction and Growth with Manganese Oxide as the Sole Electron Acceptor
    • C. R. Myers and K. H. Nealson, Bacterial Manganese Reduction and Growth with Manganese Oxide as the Sole Electron Acceptor, Science 240, 1319-1321 (1988).
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 1319-1321
    • Myers, C.R.1    Nealson, K.H.2
  • 90
    • 0032435658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Sites of Transition Metal Enzymes with a Focus on Nickel
    • U. Ermler, W. Grabarse, S. Shima, et al., Active Sites of Transition Metal Enzymes with a Focus on Nickel, Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 8, 749-758 (1998).
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 749-758
    • Ermler, U.1    Grabarse, W.2    Shima, S.3
  • 91
    • 0029930904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-Sulfur Clusters as Biosensors of Oxidants and Iron
    • T. A. Rouault and R. D. Klausner, Iron-Sulfur Clusters as Biosensors of Oxidants and Iron, TiBS 21, 174-177 (1996).
    • (1996) TiBS , vol.21 , pp. 174-177
    • Rouault, T.A.1    Klausner, R.D.2
  • 92
    • 33645065589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-Sulphur Clusters and the Problem with Oxygen
    • A. J. Imlay, Iron-Sulphur Clusters and the Problem with Oxygen, Mol. Microbiol. 59(4), 1073-1082 (2006).
    • (2006) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 1073-1082
    • Imlay, A.J.1
  • 93
    • 0033991496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox Sensing by Prokaryotic Transcription Factors
    • M. Zheng and G. Storz, Redox Sensing by Prokaryotic Transcription Factors, Biochem. Pharmacol. 59, 1-6 (2000).
    • (2000) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.59 , pp. 1-6
    • Zheng, M.1    Storz, G.2
  • 94
    • 0041779551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From Geochemistry to Biochemistry: Chemiosmotic Coupling and Transition Element Clusters in the Onset of Life and Photosynthesis
    • M. J. Russell and A. J. Hall, From Geochemistry to Biochemistry: Chemiosmotic Coupling and Transition Element Clusters in the Onset of Life and Photosynthesis, Geochem. News 113, 6-12 (2002).
    • (2002) Geochem. News , vol.113 , pp. 6-12
    • Russell, M.J.1    Hall, A.J.2
  • 96
    • 0035902973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal Structure of a Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase Reveals a [Ni-4Fe-5S] Cluster
    • H. Dobbeck, V. Svetlitchnyi, L. Gremer, et al., Crystal Structure of a Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase Reveals a [Ni-4Fe-5S] Cluster, Science 293, 1281-1285 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 1281-1285
    • Dobbeck, H.1    Svetlitchnyi, V.2    Gremer, L.3
  • 97
    • 33646368396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-Sulfur Clusters: Ever-Expanding Roles
    • M. Fontecave, Iron-Sulfur Clusters: Ever-Expanding Roles, Nature Chem. Biol. 2(4), 171-174 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature Chem. Biol. , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 171-174
    • Fontecave, M.1
  • 99
    • 0029900624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tungsten in Biological Systems
    • A. Kletzin and M. W. Adams, Tungsten in Biological Systems, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 18(1), 5-63 (1996).
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-63
    • Kletzin, A.1    Adams, M.W.2
  • 100
    • 0001015974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition Metal Sulfur Chemistry and Its Relevance to Molybdenum and Tungsten Enzymes
    • E. I. Stiefel, Transition Metal Sulfur Chemistry and Its Relevance to Molybdenum and Tungsten Enzymes, Pure Appl. Chem. 70(4), 889-896 (1998).
    • (1998) Pure Appl. Chem. , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 889-896
    • Stiefel, E.I.1
  • 101
    • 0036410592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tungsten-Containing Enzymes
    • [Biochemistry 67 (2), 196-200 (2002)]
    • N. P. Li'vov, A. N. Nosikov, and A. N. Antipov, Tungsten-Containing Enzymes, Biokhimiya 67(2), 234-239 (2002) [Biochemistry 67 (2), 196-200 (2002)].
    • (2002) Biokhimiya , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-239
    • Li'vov, N.P.1    Nosikov, A.N.2    Antipov, A.N.3
  • 103
    • 0033288654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molybdenum Enzymes
    • R. Hille, Molybdenum Enzymes, Essays Biochem. 34, 125-37 (1999).
    • (1999) Essays Biochem. , vol.34 , pp. 125-137
    • Hille, R.1
  • 104
    • 0036629252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molybdenum and Tungsten in Biology [Review]
    • R. Hille, Molybdenum and Tungsten in Biology [Review], Tr. Biochem. Sci. 27(7), 360-367 (2002).
    • (2002) Tr. Biochem. Sci. , vol.27 , Issue.7 , pp. 360-367
    • Hille, R.1
  • 106
    • 0000273676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Mononuclear Molybdenum Enzymes
    • R. Hille, The Mononuclear Molybdenum Enzymes, Chem. Rev. 96(7), 2757-2816 (1996).
    • (1996) Chem. Rev. , vol.96 , Issue.7 , pp. 2757-2816
    • Hille, R.1
  • 107
    • 33746898648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell Biology of Molybdenum
    • R. R. Mendel and F. Bittner, Cell Biology of Molybdenum, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1763(7), 621-635 (2006).
    • (2006) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1763 , Issue.7 , pp. 621-635
    • Mendel, R.R.1    Bittner, F.2
  • 108
    • 33745933654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis and Molybdenum Enzymes
    • G. Schwarz and R. R. Mendel, Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis and Molybdenum Enzymes, Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 57, 623-47 (2006).
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. , vol.57 , pp. 623-647
    • Schwarz, G.1    Mendel, R.R.2
  • 109
    • 34547690946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology of the Molybdenum Cofactor
    • R. R. Mendel, Biology of the Molybdenum Cofactor, J. Exp. Bot. 58(9), 2289-2296 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Exp. Bot. , vol.58 , Issue.9 , pp. 2289-2296
    • Mendel, R.R.1
  • 110
    • 75949101942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P. Hofmann, http://hofmann. uni-hd. de.
    • Hofmann, P.1
  • 111
    • 4043133690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological Chemistry: The Making of Moco
    • W. N. Hunter, Biological Chemistry: The Making of Moco, Nature 430, 736-737 (2004).
    • (2004) Nature , vol.430 , pp. 736-737
    • Hunter, W.N.1
  • 113
    • 0013789168 scopus 로고
    • Biological Role of Vanadium in Ascidians
    • V. V. Kovalsky and L. T. Rezaeva, Biological Role of Vanadium in Ascidians, Usp. Sovrem. Biol. 1(4)(60), 45-61 (1965).
    • (1965) Usp. Sovrem. Biol. , vol.14 , Issue.60 , pp. 45-61
    • Kovalsky, V.V.1    Rezaeva, L.T.2
  • 114
    • 0026026455 scopus 로고
    • The Bioinorganic Chemistry of Vanadium
    • D. Rehder, The Bioinorganic Chemistry of Vanadium, Angew. Chem. 30, 148-167 (1991).
    • (1991) Angew. Chem. , vol.30 , pp. 148-167
    • Rehder, D.1
  • 115
    • 0026827357 scopus 로고
    • Structure and Function of Vanadium Compounds in Living Organisms
    • D. Rehder, Structure and Function of Vanadium Compounds in Living Organisms, BioMetals 5, 3-12 (1992).
    • (1992) BioMetals , vol.5 , pp. 3-12
    • Rehder, D.1
  • 116
    • 75949104700 scopus 로고
    • Vanadium Peroxidases: Structure and Function
    • R. Wever, P. Barnett, L. H. Simons, et al., Vanadium Peroxidases: Structure and Function, J. Inorg. Biochem. 59(2-3), 584-593 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Inorg. Biochem. , vol.59 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 584-593
    • Wever, R.1    Barnett, P.2    Simons, L.H.3
  • 117
    • 43749112356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vanadium Haloperoxidase from the Red Alga Gracilaria Fisheri
    • J. Kongkiattikajorn and S. Pongdam, Vanadium Haloperoxidase from the Red Alga Gracilaria Fisheri, Science Asia 32(1), 25-30 (2006).
    • (2006) Science Asia , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-30
    • Kongkiattikajorn, J.1    Pongdam, S.2
  • 121
    • 0001689934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nickel-Containing Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase/Acetyl-CoA Synthase
    • S. W. Ragsdale and M. Kumar, Nickel-Containing Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase/Acetyl-CoA Synthase, Chem. Rev. 96, 2515-2539 (1996).
    • (1996) Chem. Rev. , vol.96 , pp. 2515-2539
    • Ragsdale, S.W.1    Kumar, M.2
  • 122
    • 33846541666 scopus 로고
    • Nickel in Metalloproteins
    • R. Cammack, Nickel in Metalloproteins, Adv. Org. Chem. 32, 297-333 (1988).
    • (1988) Adv. Org. Chem. , vol.32 , pp. 297-333
    • Cammack, R.1
  • 123
    • 0032039642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nickel biochemistry
    • S. W. Ragsdale, Nickel biochemistry, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2(2), 208-215 (1998).
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 208-215
    • Ragsdale, S.W.1
  • 124
    • 0032435658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Sites of Transition Metal Enzymes with a Focus on Nickel
    • U. Ermler, W. Grabarse, S. Shima, et al., Active Sites of Transition Metal Enzymes with a Focus on Nickel, Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 8, 749-758 (1998).
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 749-758
    • Ermler, U.1    Grabarse, W.2    Shima, S.3
  • 125
    • 0038203196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nickel Uptake and Utilization by Microorganisms
    • S. B. Mulrooney and R. P. Hausinger, Nickel Uptake and Utilization by Microorganisms, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 27, 239-261 (2003).
    • (2003) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.27 , pp. 239-261
    • Mulrooney, S.B.1    Hausinger, R.P.2
  • 126
    • 0024219883 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial Manganese Reduction and Growth with Manganese Oxide as the Sole Electron Acceptor
    • C. R. Myers and K. H. Nealson, Bacterial Manganese Reduction and Growth with Manganese Oxide as the Sole Electron Acceptor, Science 240, 1319-1321 (1988).
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 1319-1321
    • Myers, C.R.1    Nealson, K.H.2
  • 127
    • 44449115227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Genomic Analyses of Copper Transporters and Cuproproteomes Reveal Evolutionary Dynamics of Copper Utilization and Its Link to Oxygen
    • doi: 10. 1371 / journal. pone. 0001378
    • P. G. Ridge, Y. Zhang, and V. N. Gladyshev, Comparative Genomic Analyses of Copper Transporters and Cuproproteomes Reveal Evolutionary Dynamics of Copper Utilization and Its Link to Oxygen, PLoS ONE, No. 3(1), 1378 (2008). doi: 10. 1371 / journal. pone. 0001378.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 1378
    • Ridge, P.G.1    Zhang, Y.2    Gladyshev, V.N.3
  • 128
    • 0034622999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Evidence for the Early Evolution of Photosynthesis
    • J. Xiong, W. M. Fischer, K. Inoue, M. Nakahara, and C. E. Bauer, Molecular Evidence for the Early Evolution of Photosynthesis, Science 289, 1724-1730 (2000).
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , pp. 1724-1730
    • Xiong, J.1    Fischer, W.M.2    Inoue, K.3    Nakahara, M.4    Bauer, C.E.5
  • 129
    • 55949093712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal Ions in Biological Catalysis: From Enzyme Databases to General Principles
    • C. Andreini, I. Bertini, G. Cavallaro, et al., Metal Ions in Biological Catalysis: From Enzyme Databases to General Principles, J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. 13(8), 1205-1218 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. , vol.13 , Issue.8 , pp. 1205-1218
    • Andreini, C.1    Bertini, I.2    Cavallaro, G.3
  • 130
    • 0000163923 scopus 로고
    • The Lesson of Archaeobacteria
    • S. Bengtson (Ed.), New York: Columbia University Press
    • K. O. Stetter, The Lesson of Archaeobacteria, in Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium No. 84, Ed. by S. Bengtson (Columbia University Press, New York, 1994), pp. 143-151.
    • (1994) Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium , Issue.84 , pp. 143-151
    • Stetter, K.O.1
  • 131
    • 1042287425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Bioinorganic Chemistry of the Ancient Ocean: The Co-Evolution of Cyanobacterial Metal Requirements and Biogeochemical Cycles at the Archean-/Proterozoic boundary?
    • M. A. Saito, D. M. Sigman, and F. M. M. Morel, The Bioinorganic Chemistry of the Ancient Ocean: The Co-Evolution of Cyanobacterial Metal Requirements and Biogeochemical Cycles at the Archean-/Proterozoic boundary? Inorg. Chim. Acta 356, 308-318 (2003).
    • (2003) Inorg. Chim. Acta , vol.356 , pp. 308-318
    • Saito, M.A.1    Sigman, D.M.2    Morel, F.M.M.3
  • 132
    • 0037389797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterobactin: An Archetype for Microbial Iron Transport
    • K. N. Raymond, E. A. Dertz, and S. S. Kim, Enterobactin: An Archetype for Microbial Iron Transport, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 100(7), 3584-3588 (2003).
    • (2003) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , Issue.7 , pp. 3584-3588
    • Raymond, K.N.1    Dertz, E.A.2    Kim, S.S.3
  • 134
    • 0346806996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of the Earthís Core as a Source of Its Internal Energy and a Factor of Mantle Redox Evolution
    • Geochem. Int. 36, 673-675 (1998)
    • E. Galimov, Growth of the Earthís Core as a Source of Its Internal Energy and a Factor of Mantle Redox Evolution, Geokhimiya, No. 8, 755-758 (1998) [Geochem. Int. 36, 673-675 (1998)].
    • (1998) Geokhimiya , Issue.8 , pp. 755-758
    • Galimov, E.1
  • 135
    • 0037194782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Short Timescale for Terrestrial Planet Formation from Hf-W Chronometry of Meteorites
    • Q. Yin, S. B. Jacobsen, K. Yamashita et al, A Short Timescale for Terrestrial Planet Formation from Hf-W Chronometry of Meteorites, Nature 418, 949-952. (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 949-952
    • Yin, Q.1    Jacobsen, S.B.2    Yamashita, K.3
  • 136
    • 0037194725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid Accretion and Early Core Formation on Asteroids and the Terrestrial Planets from Hf-W Chronometry
    • T. Kleine, C. Munker, K. Mezger, and H. Palme, Rapid Accretion and Early Core Formation on Asteroids and the Terrestrial Planets from Hf-W Chronometry, Nature 418, 952-955 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 952-955
    • Kleine, T.1    Munker, C.2    Mezger, K.3    Palme, H.4
  • 137
    • 0038914496 scopus 로고
    • Global Environmental Changes
    • N. L. Dobretsov and V. I. Kovalenko, Global Environmental Changes, Geol. Geofiz. 36(8), 7-30 (1995).
    • (1995) Geol. Geofiz. , vol.36 , Issue.8 , pp. 7-30
    • Dobretsov, N.L.1    Kovalenko, V.I.2
  • 139
    • 0034119214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geological Constraints on the Precambrian History of Earth's Rotation and the Moon's Orbit
    • G. E. Williams, Geological Constraints on the Precambrian History of Earth's Rotation and the Moon's Orbit, Rev. Geophys. 38(1), 37-59 (2000).
    • (2000) Rev. Geophys. , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-59
    • Williams, G.E.1
  • 141
    • 0036434379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low 87Sr/86Sr Ratios in Seawater of the Grenville and post-Grenville Time: Determining Factors
    • [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 10, 1-41 (2002)]
    • M. A. Semikhatov, A. B. Kuznetsov, I. M. Gorokhov, et al., Low 87Sr/86Sr Ratios in Seawater of the Grenville and post-Grenville Time: Determining Factors,î Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 10(1), 3-46 (2002) [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 10, 1-41 (2002)].
    • (2002) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-46
    • Semikhatov, M.A.1    Kuznetsov, A.B.2    Gorokhov, I.M.3
  • 142
    • 75949099589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanism and Its Role in the Evolution of Our Planet
    • T. I. Frolova, Volcanism and Its Role in the Evolution of Our Planet, Soros. Obr. Zh., No. 2, 74-81 (1996).
    • (1996) Soros. Obr. Zh. , Issue.2 , pp. 74-81
    • Frolova, T.I.1
  • 143
    • 33750975935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical Evolution of Magmatism in Archean Granite-Greenstone Terrains
    • [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 14, 225-239 (2006)]
    • A. V. Samsonov and Yu. O. Larionova, Geochemical Evolution of Magmatism in Archean Granite-Greenstone Terrains, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 14(3), 3-18 (2006) [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 14, 225-239 (2006)].
    • (2006) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 3-18
    • Samsonov, A.V.1    Larionova, Y.O.2
  • 144
    • 33750929159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Paleoproterozoic Magmatism: Geology, Geochemistry, and Isotopic Constraints
    • [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 14, 354-367 (2006)]
    • E. V. Sharkov and M. M. Bogina, Evolution of Paleoproterozoic Magmatism: Geology, Geochemistry, and Isotopic Constraints, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 14(4), 3-27 (2006) [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 14, 354-367 (2006)].
    • (2006) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 3-27
    • Sharkov, E.V.1    Bogina, M.M.2
  • 145
    • 0031001793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Early Faint Sun Paradox: Organic Shielding of Ultraviolet-Labile Greenhouse Gases
    • C. Sagan and C. Chyba, The Early Faint Sun Paradox: Organic Shielding of Ultraviolet-Labile Greenhouse Gases, Science 276, 1217-1221 (1997).
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 1217-1221
    • Sagan, C.1    Chyba, C.2
  • 146
    • 0034713077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenhouse Warming by CH4 in the Atmosphere of Early Earth
    • A. A. Pavlov, J. F. Kasting, L. L. Brown, et al., Greenhouse Warming by CH4 in the Atmosphere of Early Earth, J. Geophys. Res. 105, 11981-11990 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 11981-11990
    • Pavlov, A.A.1    Kasting, J.F.2    Brown, L.L.3
  • 148
    • 0003145022 scopus 로고
    • Early Environments: Constraints and Opportunities for Early Evolution
    • S. Bengtson (Ed.), New York: Columbia Univ. Press
    • D. R. Lowe, Early Environments: Constraints and Opportunities for Early Evolution, in Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium No. 84, Ed. by S. Bengtson (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1994), pp. 25-35.
    • (1994) Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium , Issue.84 , pp. 25-35
    • Lowe, D.R.1
  • 149
    • 0035843153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from Detrital Zircons for the Existence of Continental Crust and Oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr Ago
    • S. A. Wilde, J. W. Valley, W. H. Peck, and C. M. Graham, Evidence from Detrital Zircons for the Existence of Continental Crust and Oceans on the Earth 4. 4 Gyr Ago, Nature 409, 175-178 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 175-178
    • Wilde, S.A.1    Valley, J.W.2    Peck, W.H.3    Graham, C.M.4
  • 152
    • 21944454999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secular Change in the Precambrian Silica Cycle: Insights from Chert Petrology
    • R. G. Maliva, A. H. Knoll, and B. M. Simonson, Secular Change in the Precambrian Silica Cycle: Insights from Chert Petrology, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 117(7/8), 835-845 (2005).
    • (2005) Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. , vol.117 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 835-845
    • Maliva, R.G.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Simonson, B.M.3
  • 155
    • 0037119593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proterozoic Ocean Chemistry and Evolution: A Bioinorganic Bridge?
    • A. D. Anbar and A. H. Knoll, Proterozoic Ocean Chemistry and Evolution: A Bioinorganic Bridge? Science 297, 1137-1142 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.297 , pp. 1137-1142
    • Anbar, A.D.1    Knoll, A.H.2
  • 156
    • 0035777452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General Trend of Climatic Changes on the Earth during the Last 3 Ga
    • [Dokl. Earth Sci. 381, 1034-1037 (2001)]
    • N. M. Chumakov, General Trend of Climatic Changes on the Earth during the Last 3 Ga, Dokl. Akad. Nauk 381(5), 652-655 (2001) [Dokl. Earth Sci. 381, 1034-1037 (2001)].
    • (2001) Dokl. Akad. Nauk , vol.381 , Issue.5 , pp. 652-655
    • Chumakov, N.M.1
  • 158
    • 0035931866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life in Extreme Environment
    • L. J. Rothschild and R. L. Mancinelli, Life in Extreme Environment, Nature 409, 1092-1101 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 1092-1101
    • Rothschild, L.J.1    Mancinelli, R.L.2
  • 160
    • 84874988921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Billion Years of Environmental Stability and the Emergence of Eukaryotes: New Data from Northern Australia
    • M. D. Brasier and J. F. Lindsay, A Billion Years of Environmental Stability and the Emergence of Eukaryotes: New Data from Northern Australia, Geology 26, 555-559 (1998).
    • (1998) Geology , vol.26 , pp. 555-559
    • Brasier, M.D.1    Lindsay, J.F.2
  • 161
    • 0027844149 scopus 로고
    • The Deep Subsurface Biosphere
    • K. Pederson, The Deep Subsurface Biosphere, Earth Sci. Rev. 34, 243-260 (1993).
    • (1993) Earth Sci. Rev. , vol.34 , pp. 243-260
    • Pederson, K.1
  • 162
    • 0028162155 scopus 로고
    • Deep Bacterial Biosphere in Pacific Ocean Sediments
    • R. J. Parkes, B. A. Cragg, S. J. Bale, et al., Deep Bacterial Biosphere in Pacific Ocean Sediments, Nature 371, 410-413 (1994).
    • (1994) Nature , vol.371 , pp. 410-413
    • Parkes, R.J.1    Cragg, B.A.2    Bale, S.J.3
  • 163
    • 0035956962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Novel Microbial Habitiat in the Mid-Ocean Ridge Subseafloor
    • M. Summit and J. A. Baross, A Novel Microbial Habitiat in the Mid-Ocean Ridge Subseafloor, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 2158-2163 (2001).
    • (2001) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , pp. 2158-2163
    • Summit, M.1    Baross, J.A.2
  • 164
    • 64749087356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic Nickel Depletion and a Methanogen Famine before the Great Oxidation Event
    • K. O. Konhauser, E. Pecoits, S. V. Lalonde, et al., Oceanic Nickel Depletion and a Methanogen Famine before the Great Oxidation Event, Nature 458, 750-754 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature , vol.458 , pp. 750-754
    • Konhauser, K.O.1    Pecoits, E.2    Lalonde, S.V.3
  • 165
    • 55749108891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nickel Limitation and Zinc Toxicity in a Urea-Grown Diatom
    • E. S. Egleston and F. M. M. Morel, Nickel Limitation and Zinc Toxicity in a Urea-Grown Diatom, Limnol. Oceanogr. 53(6), 2462-2471 (2008).
    • (2008) Limnol. Oceanogr. , vol.53 , Issue.6 , pp. 2462-2471
    • Egleston, E.S.1    Morel, F.M.M.2
  • 166
    • 0034621874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Realm of Archaean Life
    • E. Nisbet, The Realm of Archaean Life, Nature 405, 625-626 (2000).
    • (2000) Nature , vol.405 , pp. 625-626
    • Nisbet, E.1
  • 167
    • 0037199968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchical Organization of Modularity in Metabolic Networks
    • E. Ravasz, A. L. Somera, D. A. Mongru, et al., Hierarchical Organization of Modularity in Metabolic Networks, Science 297, 1551-1555 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.297 , pp. 1551-1555
    • Ravasz, E.1    Somera, A.L.2    Mongru, D.A.3
  • 168
    • 10344253283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating the Universal Metabolism into a Phylogenetic Analysis
    • C. Cunchillos and G. Lecointre, Integrating the Universal Metabolism into a Phylogenetic Analysis, Mol. Biol. Evol. 22(1), 1-11 (2005).
    • (2005) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-11
    • Cunchillos, C.1    Lecointre, G.2
  • 169
    • 0025242461 scopus 로고
    • Role of Water in Some Biological Processes
    • P. M. Wiggins, Role of Water in Some Biological Processes, Microbiol. Rev. 54(4), 432-449 (1990).
    • (1990) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.54 , Issue.4 , pp. 432-449
    • Wiggins, P.M.1
  • 170
    • 33749619846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water in the Early Earth
    • B. Marty and R. Yokochi, Water in the Early Earth, Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 62(1), 421-450 (2006).
    • (2006) Rev. Mineral. Geochem. , vol.62 , Issue.1 , pp. 421-450
    • Marty, B.1    Yokochi, R.2
  • 172
    • 29344450369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneous Hadean Hafnium: Evidence of Continental Crust at 4.4 to 4.5 Ga
    • T. M. Harrison, J. Blichert-Toft, W. Müller, et al., Heterogeneous Hadean Hafnium: Evidence of Continental Crust at 4. 4 to 4. 5 Ga, Science 310, 1947-1950 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 1947-1950
    • Harrison, T.M.1    Blichert-toft, J.2    Müller, W.3
  • 173
    • 0035843177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen-Isotope Evidence from Ancient Zircons for Liquid Water at the Earth's Surface 4300 Myr Ago
    • S. J. Mojzsis, T. M. Harrison, and R. T. Pidgeon, Oxygen-Isotope Evidence from Ancient Zircons for Liquid Water at the Earth's Surface 4300 Myr Ago, Nature 409, 178-181 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 178-181
    • Mojzsis, S.J.1    Harrison, T.M.2    Pidgeon, R.T.3
  • 174
    • 71749115514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on Hadean Zircon Protoliths from Oxygen Isotopes, Ti-Thermometry, and Rare Earth Elements
    • Q06014, doi: 10. 10. 29/2006GC001449
    • D. Trail, S. J. Mojzsis, T. M. Harrison, et al., Constraints on Hadean Zircon Protoliths from Oxygen Isotopes, Ti-Thermometry, and Rare Earth Elements, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 8, Q06014 doi: 10. 10. 29/2006GC001449(2007).
    • (2007) Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. , pp. 8
    • Trail, D.1    Mojzsis, S.J.2    Harrison, T.M.3
  • 175
    • 33847057666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-3750 Ma Supracrustal Rocks from the Nuvvuagittuq Supracrustal Belt, Northern Quebec
    • doi: 10. 1016/j. epsl. 2006. 11. 034 (2007)
    • N. L. Cates and S. J. Mojzsis, Pre-3750 Ma Supracrustal Rocks from the Nuvvuagittuq Supracrustal Belt, Northern Quebec, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 255, 9-21 (2007). doi: 10. 1016/j. epsl. 2006. 11. 034 (2007).
    • (2007) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.255 , pp. 9-21
    • Cates, N.L.1    Mojzsis, S.J.2
  • 176
    • 34547123318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raman and Ion Microscopic Imagery of Graphitic Inclusions in Apatite from Older than 3830 Ma Akilia Supracrustal Rocks, West Greenland
    • K. D. McKeegan, A. B. Kudryavtsev, and J. W. Schopf, Raman and Ion Microscopic Imagery of Graphitic Inclusions in Apatite from Older than 3830 Ma Akilia Supracrustal Rocks, West Greenland, Geology 35, 591-594 (2007).
    • (2007) Geology , vol.35 , pp. 591-594
    • McKeegan, K.D.1    Kudryavtsev, A.B.2    Schopf, J.W.3
  • 178
    • 0010330159 scopus 로고
    • New York: Birch Lane Press
    • L. A. Frank, The Big Splash (Birch Lane Press, New York, 1990).
    • (1990) The Big Splash
    • Frank, L.A.1
  • 179
    • 75949123417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nature of Small Bodies in the Solar System
    • M. Ya. Marov, Nature of Small Bodies in the Solar System, Zemlya Vsel., No. 6, 3-16 (2008).
    • (2008) Zemlya Vsel. , Issue.6 , pp. 3-16
    • Marov, M.Y.1
  • 180
    • 0029659556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for Life on Earth before 3,800 Million Years Ago
    • S. J. Mojzsis, G. Arrhenius, K. D. McKeegan, et al., Evidence for Life on Earth before 3, 800 Million Years Ago, Nature 384, 55-59 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.384 , pp. 55-59
    • Mojzsis, S.J.1    Arrhenius, G.2    McKeegan, K.D.3
  • 181
    • 0037165981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metasomatic Origin of Quartz-Pyroxene Rock, Akilia, Greenland, and Implications for Earth's Earliest Life
    • C. M. Fedo and M. J. Whitehouse, Metasomatic Origin of Quartz-Pyroxene Rock, Akilia, Greenland, and Implications for Earth's Earliest Life, Science 296, 1448-1452 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 1448-1452
    • Fedo, C.M.1    Whitehouse, M.J.2
  • 182
    • 0037043714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reassessing the Evidence for the Earliest Traces of Life
    • M. A. van Zuilen, A. Lepland, and G. Arrhenius, Reassessing the Evidence for the Earliest Traces of Life, Nature 418, 627-630 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 627-630
    • Zuilen, M.A.V.1    Lepland, A.2    Arrhenius, G.3
  • 183
    • 0038045245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotopic Criteria for Identification of Organic Carbon on Earth and Meteorites
    • E. M. Galimov, Isotopic Criteria for Identification of Organic Carbon on Earth and Meteorites, Sp. Sci. Rev. 106, 249-262 (2003).
    • (2003) Sp. Sci. Rev. , vol.106 , pp. 249-262
    • Galimov, E.M.1
  • 184
    • 0030608628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition of ~3850 Ma Water-Lain Sediments in West Greenland and Their Significance for the Early Archaean Earth
    • A. P. Nutman, S. J. Mojzsis, and C. R Friend, Recognition of ~3850 Ma Water-Lain Sediments in West Greenland and Their Significance for the Early Archaean Earth, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61, 2475-2484 (1997).
    • (1997) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.61 , pp. 2475-2484
    • Nutman, A.P.1    Mojzsis, S.J.2    Friend, C.R.3
  • 186
    • 0022557637 scopus 로고
    • Extensive Deposition of Banded Iron Formation Was Possible without Photosynthesis
    • L. M. François, Extensive Deposition of Banded Iron Formation Was Possible without Photosynthesis, Nature 320, 352-354 (1986).
    • (1986) Nature , vol.320 , pp. 352-354
    • François, L.M.1
  • 187
    • 0027246589 scopus 로고
    • Ferrous Iron Oxidation by Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria
    • F. Widdel, S. Schnell, S. Heising, et al., Ferrous Iron Oxidation by Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria, Nature 362, 834-836 (1993).
    • (1993) Nature , vol.362 , pp. 834-836
    • Widdel, F.1    Schnell, S.2    Heising, S.3
  • 188
    • 0033613862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-13-Depleted Carbon Microparticles in >3700-Ma Sea-Floor Sedimentary Rocks from West Greenland
    • M. T. Rosing, C-13-Depleted Carbon Microparticles in > 3700-Ma Sea-Floor Sedimentary Rocks from West Greenland, Science 283, 674-676 (1999).
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 674-676
    • Rosing, M.T.1
  • 189
    • 17544371931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isua Enigmas: Illusive Tectonic, Sedimentary, Volcanic and Organic Features of the > 3.7 Ga Isua Greenstone Belt, Southwest Greenland
    • I. S. Myers, Isua Enigmas: Illusive Tectonic, Sedimentary, Volcanic and Organic Features of the > 3. 7 Ga Isua Greenstone Belt, Southwest Greenland, in The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and Events Dev. Precambrian Geol. 12, 66-74 (2004).
    • (2004) The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and Events Dev. Precambrian Geol. , vol.12 , pp. 66-74
    • Myers, I.S.1
  • 190
    • 0001263676 scopus 로고
    • Global Methanotrophy at the Archean-Proterozoic Transition
    • S. Bengtson (Ed.), New York: Columbia Univ. Press
    • J. M. Hayes, Global Methanotrophy at the Archean-Proterozoic Transition, in Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium No. 84, Ed. by S. Bengtson (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1994), pp. 220-236.
    • (1994) Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium , Issue.84 , pp. 220-236
    • Hayes, J.M.1
  • 191
    • 0031573191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotopic Evolution of the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle during the Proterozoic Eon
    • D. J. Des Marais, Isotopic Evolution of the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle during the Proterozoic Eon, Org. Geochem. 27, 185-193 (1997).
    • (1997) Org. Geochem. , vol.27 , pp. 185-193
    • des Marais, D.J.1
  • 192
    • 0034735793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical Evidence for Terrestrial Ecosystems 2.6 billion years ago
    • Y. Watanabe, J. E. J. Martini, and H. Ohmoto, Geochemical Evidence for Terrestrial Ecosystems 2. 6 billion years ago, Nature 408, 576-578 (2000).
    • (2000) Nature , vol.408 , pp. 576-578
    • Watanabe, Y.1    Martini, J.E.J.2    Ohmoto, H.3
  • 193
    • 0033551919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Archean Molecular Fossils and the Early Rise of Eukaryotes
    • J. J. Brocks, G. A. Logan, R. Buick, and R. E. Summons, Archean Molecular Fossils and the Early Rise of Eukaryotes, Science 285, 1033-1036 (1999).
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , pp. 1033-1036
    • Brocks, J.J.1    Logan, G.A.2    Buick, R.3    Summons, R.E.4
  • 194
    • 0042125824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition and Syngeneity of Molecular Fossils from the 2.78 to 2.45 Billion-Year-Old Mount Bruce Supergroup, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia
    • J. J. Brocks, R. Buick, G. A. Logan, and R. E. Summons, Composition and Syngeneity of Molecular Fossils from the 2. 78 to 2. 45 Billion-Year-Old Mount Bruce Supergroup, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67(22), 4289-4319 (2003).
    • (2003) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.67 , Issue.22 , pp. 4289-4319
    • Brocks, J.J.1    Buick, R.2    Logan, G.A.3    Summons, R.E.4
  • 195
    • 0042626834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Reconstruction of Archaean Biological Diversity Based on Molecular Fossils from the 2.78 to 2.45 Billion-Year-Old Mount Bruce Supergroup, Hamersley Basin, Western Australia
    • J. J. Brocks, R. Buick, G. A. Logan, and R. E. Summons, A Reconstruction of Archaean Biological Diversity Based on Molecular Fossils from the 2. 78 to 2. 45 Billion-Year-Old Mount Bruce Supergroup, Hamersley Basin, Western Australia, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67(22), 4321-4335 (2003).
    • (2003) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.67 , Issue.22 , pp. 4321-4335
    • Brocks, J.J.1    Buick, R.2    Logan, G.A.3    Summons, R.E.4
  • 196
    • 0000935533 scopus 로고
    • Early Proterozoic Atmospheric Change
    • S. Bengtson (Ed.), New York: Columbia Univ. Press
    • H. D. Holland, Early Proterozoic Atmospheric Change, in Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium No. 84, Ed. by S. Bengtson (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1994), pp. 237-244.
    • (1994) Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium , Issue.84 , pp. 237-244
    • Holland, H.D.1
  • 197
    • 0036490498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass-Independent Fractionation of Sulfur Isotopes in Archean Sediments: Strong Evidence for an Anoxic Archean Atmosphere
    • A. A. Pavlov and J. F. Kasting, Mass-Independent Fractionation of Sulfur Isotopes in Archean Sediments: Strong Evidence for an Anoxic Archean Atmosphere, Astrobiology 2, 27-41 (2002).
    • (2002) Astrobiology , vol.2 , pp. 27-41
    • Pavlov, A.A.1    Kasting, J.F.2
  • 198
    • 0036160073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The oxygen geochemical cycle: Dynamics and stability
    • A. C. Lasaga and H. Ohmoto, The oxygen geochemical cycle: dynamics and stability, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66, 361-381 (2002).
    • (2002) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.66 , pp. 361-381
    • Lasaga, A.C.1    Ohmoto, H.2
  • 199
    • 16244400368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Archaean Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere
    • P. G. Eriksson, W. Altermann, D. R. Nelson, W. U. Müeller, and O. Catuneanu (Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier, Dev. Precambrian Geol
    • H. Ohmoto, The Archaean Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere, in The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and Events, Ed. by P. G. Eriksson, W. Altermann, D. R. Nelson, W. U. Müeller, and O. Catuneanu (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2004). Dev. Precambrian Geol. 12, 361-388 (2004).
    • (2004) The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and Events
    • Ohmoto, H.1
  • 200
    • 0034604452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric Influence of Earth's Earliest Sulfur Cycle
    • J. Farquhar, H. Bao, and M. Thiemens, Atmospheric Influence of Earth's Earliest Sulfur Cycle, Science 289, 756-758 (2000).
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , pp. 756-758
    • Farquhar, J.1    Bao, H.2    Thiemens, M.3
  • 201
    • 23844554827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth: A Climate Disaster by the Evolution of Oxygenic Photosynthesis
    • R. E. Kopp, J. L. Kirschvink, I. A. Hilburn, and C. Z Nash, The Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth: A Climate Disaster by the Evolution of Oxygenic Photosynthesis, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 102(32), 11131-11136 (2005).
    • (2005) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.102 , Issue.32 , pp. 11131-11136
    • Kopp, R.E.1    Kirschvink, J.L.2    Hilburn, I.A.3    Nash, C.Z.4
  • 202
    • 0013279638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotic Events and Positive δCcarb Anomaly at 2.3-2.06 Ga
    • [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 7, 413-436 (1999)]
    • M. A. Semikhatov, M. E. Raaben, V. N. Sergeev, et al., Biotic Events and Positive δCcarb Anomaly at 2. 3-2. 06 Ga, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 7(5), 3-27 (1999) [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 7, 413-436 (1999)].
    • (1999) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 3-27
    • Semikhatov, M.A.1    Raaben, M.E.2    Sergeev, V.N.3
  • 204
    • 34247587193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principal Stages in Evolution of Precambrian Organic World: Communication 1. Archean and Early Proterozoic
    • [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 15, 141-160 (2007)]
    • V. N. Sergeev, M. A. Semikhatov, M. A. Fedonkin, and A. F. Veis, Principal Stages in Evolution of Precambrian Organic World: Communication 1. Archean and Early Proterozoic, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 15(2), 25-46 (2007) [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 15, 141-160 (2007)].
    • (2007) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 25-46
    • Sergeev, V.N.1    Semikhatov, M.A.2    Fedonkin, M.A.3    Veis, A.F.4
  • 205
    • 0001034401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Archean Stromatolites as Microbial Archives
    • R. E. Riding and S. M. Awramik (Eds.), Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer
    • H. J. Hofmann, Archean Stromatolites as Microbial Archives, in Microbial Sediments, Ed. by R. E. Riding and S. M. Awramik (Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg, 2000), pp. 315-327.
    • (2000) Microbial Sediments , pp. 315-327
    • Hofmann, H.J.1
  • 206
    • 0037034780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-Raman Imagery of Earth's Earliest Fossils
    • J. W. Schopf, A. B. Kudryavtsev, D. G. Agresti, et al., Laser-Raman Imagery of Earth's Earliest Fossils, Nature 416, 73-76 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 73-76
    • Schopf, J.W.1    Kudryavtsev, A.B.2    Agresti, D.G.3
  • 207
    • 0029414347 scopus 로고
    • Microfossils from the Neoarchean Campbell Group, Griqualand West Sequence of the Transvaal Supergroup, and Their Paleoenvironmental and Evolutionary Implications
    • W. Altermann and J. W. Schopf, Microfossils from the Neoarchean Campbell Group, Griqualand West Sequence of the Transvaal Supergroup, and Their Paleoenvironmental and Evolutionary Implications, Precambrian Res. 75, 65-90 (1995).
    • (1995) Precambrian Res. , vol.75 , pp. 65-90
    • Altermann, W.1    Schopf, J.W.2
  • 209
    • 4944240935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic Microbial Mats in the 3.416-Myr-Old Ocean
    • M. M. Tice and D. R. Lowe, Photosynthetic Microbial Mats in the 3. 416-Myr-Old Ocean, Nature 431, 549-552 (2004).
    • (2004) Nature , vol.431 , pp. 549-552
    • Tice, M.M.1    Lowe, D.R.2
  • 210
    • 0026278430 scopus 로고
    • The Age of the Fortescue Group, Hamersley Basin, Western Australia, from Ion Microprobe Zircon U-Pb Results
    • N. T. Arndt, D. R. Nelson, W. Compston, et al., The Age of the Fortescue Group, Hamersley Basin, Western Australia, from Ion Microprobe Zircon U-Pb Results, Austral. J. Earth Sci. 38(3), 261-281 (1991).
    • (1991) Austral. J. Earth Sci. , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 261-281
    • Arndt, N.T.1    Nelson, D.R.2    Compston, W.3
  • 211
    • 0033386414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochronological Correlations between the Pilbara and Kaapvaal Cratons
    • D. R. Nelson, A. F. Frendall, W. Alterman, Geochronological Correlations between the Pilbara and Kaapvaal Cratons, Precambrian Res. 97(2), 165-189 (1999).
    • (1999) Precambrian Res. , vol.97 , Issue.2 , pp. 165-189
    • Nelson, D.R.1    Frendall, A.F.2    Alterman, W.3
  • 212
    • 0033527055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-Methylhopanoids as Biomarkers for Cyanobacterial Oxygenic Photosynthesis
    • R. E. Summons, L. L. Jahnke, J. M. Hope, and G. A. Logan, 2-Methylhopanoids as Biomarkers for Cyanobacterial Oxygenic Photosynthesis, Nature 400, 554-557 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 554-557
    • Summons, R.E.1    Jahnke, L.L.2    Hope, J.M.3    Logan, G.A.4
  • 213
    • 0025300402 scopus 로고
    • Towards a Natural System of Organisms: Proposal for the Domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
    • C. R. Woese, O. Kandler, M. L. Wheelis, Towards a Natural System of Organisms: Proposal for the Domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 4576-4579 (1990).
    • (1990) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.87 , pp. 4576-4579
    • Woese, C.R.1    Kandler, O.2    Wheelis, M.L.3
  • 214
    • 35448958031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of 2-Methylbacteriohopanepolyols by an Anoxygenic Phototroph
    • S. E. Rashby, A. L. Sessions, R. E. Summons, and D. K. Newman, Biosynthesis of 2-Methylbacteriohopanepolyols by an Anoxygenic Phototroph, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 15099-15104 (2007).
    • (2007) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 15099-15104
    • Rashby, S.E.1    Sessions, A.L.2    Summons, R.E.3    Newman, D.K.4
  • 215
    • 47249131980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palaeoproterozoic Ice Houses and the Evolution of Oxygen-Mediating Enzymes: The Case for a Late Origin of Photosystem II
    • J. L. Kirschvink and R. E. Kopp, Palaeoproterozoic Ice Houses and the Evolution of Oxygen-Mediating Enzymes: the Case for a Late Origin of Photosystem II, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London B. 363, 2755-2765 (2008).
    • (2008) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London , vol.B.363 , pp. 2755-2765
    • Kirschvink, J.L.1    Kopp, R.E.2
  • 216
    • 49849089689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylhopane Biomarker Hydrocarbons in Hamersley Province Sediments Provide Evidence for Neoarchean Aerobiosis
    • J. L. Eigenbrode, K. H. Freeman, and R. E. Summons, Methylhopane Biomarker Hydrocarbons in Hamersley Province Sediments Provide Evidence for Neoarchean Aerobiosis, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 273(3-4), 323-331 (2008).
    • (2008) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.273 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 323-331
    • Eigenbrode, J.L.1    Freeman, K.H.2    Summons, R.E.3
  • 217
    • 33750492598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late Archean Rise of Aerobic Microbial Ecosystems
    • J. L. Eigenbrode and K. H. Freeman, Late Archean Rise of Aerobic Microbial Ecosystems, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 103(43), 15 759-15 764 (2006).
    • (2006) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , Issue.43 , pp. 15759-15764
    • Eigenbrode, J.L.1    Freeman, K.H.2
  • 218
    • 0036155782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Neomuran Origin of Archeobacteria, the Negibacterial Root of the Universal Tree and Bacterial Megaclassification
    • T. Cavalier-Smith, The Neomuran Origin of Archeobacteria, the Negibacterial Root of the Universal Tree and Bacterial Megaclassification, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52, 7-76 (2002).
    • (2002) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. , vol.52 , pp. 7-76
    • Cavalier-smith, T.1
  • 219
    • 0347994912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic and Biochemical Evidence for Sterol Synthesis in the Bacterium Gemmata Obscuriglobus
    • A. Pearson, M. Budin, and J. J. Brocks, Phylogenetic and Biochemical Evidence for Sterol Synthesis in the Bacterium Gemmata Obscuriglobus, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 100(26), 15 352-15 357 (2003).
    • (2003) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , Issue.26 , pp. 15352-15357
    • Pearson, A.1    Budin, M.2    Brocks, J.J.3
  • 220
    • 0028880134 scopus 로고
    • Paleobiology of the Mesoproterozoic Billyakh Group, Anabar Uplift, Northern Siberia
    • V. N. Sergeev, A. H. Knoll, J. P. Grotzinger, Paleobiology of the Mesoproterozoic Billyakh Group, Anabar Uplift, Northern Siberia, J. Paleontol. 69(Suppl. 1), Paleontol. Soc. Mem. 39 (Pt. II), 1-37 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Paleontol. , vol.69 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 1-37
    • Sergeev, V.N.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Grotzinger, J.P.3
  • 221
    • 0029414405 scopus 로고
    • Mesoproterozoic Archaeoellipsoides: Akinetes of Heterocystous Cyanobacteria
    • S. Golubic, V. N. Sergeev, and A H. Knoll, Mesoproterozoic Archaeoellipsoides: Akinetes of Heterocystous Cyanobacteria, Lethaia, No. 28, 285-298 (1995).
    • (1995) Lethaia , Issue.28 , pp. 285-298
    • Golubic, S.1    Sergeev, V.N.2    Knoll, A.H.3
  • 222
    • 0033912536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining Sequences Stratigraphy in North Australian Basins: SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Geochronology between Mt. Isa and McArthur River
    • R. W. Page, M. J. Jackson, and A. A. Krassay, Constraining Sequences Stratigraphy in North Australian Basins: SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Geochronology between Mt. Isa and McArthur River, Aust. J. Earth Sci. 47, 431-459 (2000).
    • (2000) Aust. J. Earth Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 431-459
    • Page, R.W.1    Jackson, M.J.2    Krassay, A.A.3
  • 223
    • 20744440983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vindhyan Akinites: An Indicator of Mesoproterozoic Biospheric Evolution
    • P. Srivastava, Vindhyan Akinites: an Indicator of Mesoproterozoic Biospheric Evolution, Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 35, 175-185 (2005).
    • (2005) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.35 , pp. 175-185
    • Srivastava, P.1
  • 224
    • 0030735576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microfossils in 2000 Ma Old Cherty Stromatolites of the Franceville Group, Gabon
    • B. Amard and J. Bertrand-Sarfati, Microfossils in 2000 Ma Old Cherty Stromatolites of the Franceville Group, Gabon, Precambrian Res. 81, 197-221 (1997).
    • (1997) Precambrian Res. , vol.81 , pp. 197-221
    • Amard, B.1    Bertrand-sarfati, J.2
  • 226
    • 0026445208 scopus 로고
    • Megascopic Eukaryotic Algae from the 2.1 Billion-Year-Old Negaunee Iron-Formation, Michigan
    • T.-M. Han and B. Runnegar, Megascopic Eukaryotic Algae from the 2. 1 Billion-Year-Old Negaunee Iron-Formation, Michigan, Science 257, 232-235 (1992).
    • (1992) Science , vol.257 , pp. 232-235
    • Han, T.-M.1    Runnegar, B.2
  • 227
    • 0001436031 scopus 로고
    • Proterozoic Carbonaceous Compression (Metaphytes and Worms)
    • S. Bengtson (Ed.), New York: Columbia Univ. Press
    • H. J. Hofmann, Proterozoic Carbonaceous Compression (Metaphytes and Worms), in Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium No. 84, Ed. by S. Bengtson (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1994), pp. 342-357.
    • (1994) Early Life on Earth. Nobel Symposium , Issue.84 , pp. 342-357
    • Hofmann, H.J.1
  • 228
    • 0030013144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breathing Room for Early Animals
    • A. H. Knoll, Breathing Room for Early Animals, Nature 382, 111-112 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 111-112
    • Knoll, A.H.1
  • 229
    • 0019546444 scopus 로고
    • Carbonaceous Megafossils from the Precambrian (1800 Ma) near Jixian, Northern China
    • H. J. Hofmann and Chen Jinbiao, Carbonaceous Megafossils from the Precambrian (1800 Ma) near Jixian, Northern China, Can. J. Earth Sci. 18, 443-447 (1981).
    • (1981) Can. J. Earth Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 443-447
    • Hofmann, H.J.1    Jinbiao, C.2
  • 230
    • 0022853353 scopus 로고
    • Macroscopic Worm-Like Body Fossils from the Upper Precambrian (900-700 Ma), Huainan District, Anhui, China and Their Stratigraphic and Evolutionary Significance
    • Sun Weiguo, Wang Guixiang, and Zhou Benhe, Macroscopic Worm-Like Body Fossils from the Upper Precambrian (900-700 Ma), Huainan District, Anhui, China and Their Stratigraphic and Evolutionary Significance, Precambrian Res. 31, 377-403 (1986).
    • (1986) Precambrian Res. , vol.31 , pp. 377-403
    • Sun, W.1    Wang, G.2    Zhou, B.3
  • 231
    • 0002674195 scopus 로고
    • Die neoproterozoischen Megalgen Sudchinas
    • M. Steiner, Die neoproterozoischen Megalgen Sudchinas, Berliner Geowiss. Abh. (E) 15, 1-146 (1994).
    • (1994) Berliner Geowiss. Abh. (E) , vol.15 , pp. 1-146
    • Steiner, M.1
  • 232
    • 0036243345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroscopic Carbonaceous Compressions in a Terminal Proterozoic Shale: A Systematic Reassessment of the Miaohe Biota, South China
    • S. H. Xiao, X. L. Yuan, M. Steiner, and A. H. Knoll, Macroscopic Carbonaceous Compressions in a Terminal Proterozoic Shale: A Systematic Reassessment of the Miaohe Biota, South China, J. Paleontol. 76, 347-376 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Paleontol. , vol.76 , pp. 347-376
    • Xiao, S.H.1    Yuan, X.L.2    Steiner, M.3    Knoll, A.H.4
  • 233
    • 36448978450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Oldest Tissue Differentiation in Precambrian (Vendian) Algae
    • Paleontol. J. 37, 196-204 (2003)
    • M. B. Gnilovskaya, The Oldest Tissue Differentiation in Precambrian (Vendian) Algae, Paleontol. Zh., No. 2, 92-98 (2003) [Paleontol. J. 37, 196-204 (2003)].
    • (2003) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.2 , pp. 92-98
    • Gnilovskaya, M.B.1
  • 234
    • 36448981398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroscopic Plant Remains from the Base of the Ust'-Pinega Formation (Upper Vendian of the Arkhangelsk Region)
    • Paleontol. J. 37, 683-691 (2007)
    • M. V. Leonov, Macroscopic Plant Remains from the Base of the Ust'-Pinega Formation (Upper Vendian of the Arkhangelsk Region), Paleontol. Zh., No. 6, 85-96 (2007) [Paleontol. J. 37, 683-691 (2007)].
    • (2007) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.6 , pp. 85-96
    • Leonov, M.V.1
  • 235
    • 1342287541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatized Multicellular Algae in the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China, and the Early Evolution of Florideophite Red Algae
    • S. Xiao, A. H. Knoll, X. Yuan, and M. Pueschel, Phosphatized Multicellular Algae in the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China, and the Early Evolution of Florideophite Red Algae, Am. J. Bot. 91, 214-227 (2004).
    • (2004) Am. J. Bot. , vol.91 , pp. 214-227
    • Xiao, S.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Yuan, X.3    Pueschel, M.4
  • 236
    • 0012227148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A New Tissue-Grade Organism 1.5 Billion Years Old from Montana
    • E. L. Yochelson and M. A. Fedonkin, A New Tissue-Grade Organism 1. 5 Billion Years Old from Montana, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 113(3), 843-847 (2000).
    • (2000) Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington , vol.113 , Issue.3 , pp. 843-847
    • Yochelson, E.L.1    Fedonkin, M.A.2
  • 237
    • 0020415044 scopus 로고
    • Problematic Bedding-Plane Markings from the Middle Proterozoic Appekunny Argillite, Belt Supergroup, Northwestern Montana
    • R. J. Horodyski, Problematic Bedding-Plane Markings from the Middle Proterozoic Appekunny Argillite, Belt Supergroup, Northwestern Montana, J. Paleontol. 56, 882-889 (1982).
    • (1982) J. Paleontol. , vol.56 , pp. 882-889
    • Horodyski, R.J.1
  • 239
    • 0042936106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Middle Proterozoic (1. 5 Ga) Horodyskia Monilformis Yochelson and Fedonkin, the Oldest Known Tissue Grade Colonial Eukaryote
    • M. A. Fedonkin and E. L. Yochelson, Middle Proterozoic (1. 5 Ga) Horodyskia Monilformis Yochelson and Fedonkin, the Oldest Known Tissue Grade Colonial Eukaryote, Smithsonian Contrib. Paleobiol., No. 94, 29 (2002).
    • (2002) Smithsonian Contrib. Paleobiol. , Issue.94 , pp. 29
    • Fedonkin, M.A.1    Yochelson, E.L.2
  • 240
    • 0033784616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SHRIMP U-Pb Geochronology of Volcanic Rocks, Belt Supergroup, Western Montana: Evidence for Rapid Deposition of Sedimentary Strata
    • K. V. Evans, J. H. Aleinikoff, J. D. Obradovich, and C. M. Fanning, SHRIMP U-Pb Geochronology of Volcanic Rocks, Belt Supergroup, Western Montana: Evidence for Rapid Deposition of Sedimentary Strata, Can. J. Earth Sci. 37, 1287-1300 (2000).
    • (2000) Can. J. Earth Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 1287-1300
    • Evans, K.V.1    Aleinikoff, J.H.2    Obradovich, J.D.3    Fanning, C.M.4
  • 242
    • 84982345050 scopus 로고
    • Preservation of Soft-Bodied Animals in Precambrian Sandstones at Ediacara, South Australia
    • M. Wade, Preservation of Soft-Bodied Animals in Precambrian Sandstones at Ediacara, South Australia, Lethaia 1, 238-267 (1968).
    • (1968) Lethaia , vol.1 , pp. 238-267
    • Wade, M.1
  • 243
    • 0025207259 scopus 로고
    • Problematic Bedding-Plane Markings from the Middle Proterozoic Manganese Group, Bangemall Basin, Western Australia
    • K. Grey and I. R. Williams, Problematic Bedding-Plane Markings from the Middle Proterozoic Manganese Group, Bangemall Basin, Western Australia, Precambrian Res. 46, 307-327 (1990).
    • (1990) Precambrian Res. , vol.46 , pp. 307-327
    • Grey, K.1    Williams, I.R.2
  • 245
    • 75949093305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Dawn of Multicellular Life: Evidence from the Bangemall Supergroup
    • D. McB. Martin, The Dawn of Multicellular Life: Evidence from the Bangemall Supergroup, Geol. Surv. West. Austral. (Extended Abstracts), 18-19 (2003).
    • (2003) Geol. Surv. West. Austral. (Extended Abstracts) , pp. 18-19
    • Martin D., M.1
  • 246
    • 33746511311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Occurrences of 'strings of Beads' in the Bangemall Supergroup: A Potential Biostratigraphic Marker Horizon
    • K. Grey, I. R. Williams, D. McB. Martin, M. A. Fedonkin, et al., New Occurrences of 'strings of Beads' in the Bangemall Supergroup: A Potential Biostratigraphic Marker Horizon, Geol. Surv. West. Austral. Annu. Rev. 2000-2001, 69-73 (2002).
    • (2002) Geol. Surv. West. Austral. Annu. Rev. 2000-2001 , pp. 69-73
    • Grey, K.1    Williams, I.R.2    Martin, D.M.3    Fedonkin, M.A.4
  • 247
    • 0035811487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological and Ecological Complexity in Early Eukaryotic Ecosystems
    • E. J. Javaux, A. H. Knoll, M. R. Walter, Morphological and Ecological Complexity in Early Eukaryotic Ecosystems, Nature 412, 66-69 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.412 , pp. 66-69
    • Javaux, E.J.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Walter, M.R.3
  • 248
    • 0042475241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognizing and Interpreting the Fossils of Early Eukaryotes
    • E. J. Javaux, A. H. Knoll, and M. R. Walter, Recognizing and Interpreting the Fossils of Early Eukaryotes, Origins Life Biosph. 33, 75-94 (2003).
    • (2003) Origins Life Biosph. , vol.33 , pp. 75-94
    • Javaux, E.J.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Walter, M.R.3
  • 249
    • 12344250910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probable Proterozoic Fungi
    • N. J. Butterfield, Probable Proterozoic Fungi, Paleobiology 31, 165-182 (2005).
    • (2005) Paleobiology , vol.31 , pp. 165-182
    • Butterfield, N.J.1
  • 250
    • 33748892814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal Remains from the Late Riphean
    • Paleontol. J. 40, 207-214 (2006)
    • T. N. Hermann and V. N. Podkovyrov, Fungal Remains from the Late Riphean, Paleontol. Zh., No. 2, 89-95 (2006) [Paleontol. J. 40, 207-214 (2006)].
    • (2006) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.2 , pp. 89-95
    • Hermann, T.N.1    Podkovyrov, V.N.2
  • 251
    • 75949123177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Morphotypes from the Upper Riphean Lakhanda Microbiota of Siberia
    • E. M. Galimov (Ed.), Moscow: Librokom, in Russian
    • T. N. Hermann, New Morphotypes from the Upper Riphean Lakhanda Microbiota of Siberia, in Problems of the Onset and Evolution of the Biosphere, Ed. by E. M. Galimov (Librokom, Moscow, 2008), pp. 541-545 [in Russian].
    • (2008) Problems of the Onset and Evolution of the Biosphere , pp. 541-545
    • Hermann, T.N.1
  • 252
    • 18644361972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichen-Like Symbiosis 600 Million Years Ago
    • Xunlai Yuan, Shuhai Xiao, and T. N. Taylor, Lichen-Like Symbiosis 600 Million Years Ago, Science 308, 1017-1020 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1017-1020
    • Yuan, X.1    Xiao, S.2    Taylor, T.N.3
  • 253
    • 1542277071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal Involvement in Bioweathering and Biotransformation of Rocks and Minerals
    • E. P. Burford, M. Fomina, and G. M. Gadd, Fungal Involvement in Bioweathering and Biotransformation of Rocks and Minerals, Mineral. Mag. 67(6), 1127-1155 (2003).
    • (2003) Mineral. Mag. , vol.67 , Issue.6 , pp. 1127-1155
    • Burford, E.P.1    Fomina, M.2    Gadd, G.M.3
  • 254
    • 0035927638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major Fungal Lineages Are Derived from Lichen Symbiotic Ancestors
    • F. Lutzoni, M. Pagel, and V. Reeb, Major Fungal Lineages Are Derived from Lichen Symbiotic Ancestors, Nature 411, 937-940 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.411 , pp. 937-940
    • Lutzoni, F.1    Pagel, M.2    Reeb, V.3
  • 255
    • 0025573969 scopus 로고
    • A Bangiophyte Red Alga from the Proterozoic of Arctic Canada
    • N. J. Butterfield, A. H. Knoll, and K. Swett, A Bangiophyte Red Alga from the Proterozoic of Arctic Canada, Science 250, 104-107 (1990).
    • (1990) Science , vol.250 , pp. 104-107
    • Butterfield, N.J.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Swett, K.3
  • 256
    • 0033784751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bangiomorpha Pubescens N. Gen., N. Sp.: Implications for the Evolution of Sex, Multicellularity, and the Mesoproterozoic/Neoproterozoic Radiation of Eukaryotes
    • N. J. Butterfield, Bangiomorpha Pubescens N. Gen., N. Sp.: Implications for the Evolution of Sex, Multicellularity, and the Mesoproterozoic/Neoproterozoic Radiation of Eukaryotes, Paleobiology 263, 386-404 (2000).
    • (2000) Paleobiology , vol.263 , pp. 386-404
    • Butterfield, N.J.1
  • 257
    • 0007614088 scopus 로고
    • Filamentous Organisms of the Lakhanda Formation, Maya River
    • T. N. Hermann, Filamentous Organisms of the Lakhanda Formation, Maya River, Paleontol. Zh., No. 2, 126-131 (1981).
    • (1981) Paleontol. Zh. , Issue.2 , pp. 126-131
    • Hermann, T.N.1
  • 259
    • 2442428619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Vaucheriacean Alga from the Middle Neoproterozoic of Spitsbergen: Implications for the Evolution of Proterozoic Eukaryotes and the Cambrian Explosion
    • N. J. Butterfield, A Vaucheriacean Alga from the Middle Neoproterozoic of Spitsbergen: Implications for the Evolution of Proterozoic Eukaryotes and the Cambrian Explosion, Paleobiology 30, 231-252 (2004).
    • (2004) Paleobiology , vol.30 , pp. 231-252
    • Butterfield, N.J.1
  • 260
    • 0022905049 scopus 로고
    • Scale Microfossils from the Early Cambrian of Northwest Canada
    • C. W. Allison and J. W. Hilgert, Scale Microfossils from the Early Cambrian of Northwest Canada, J. Paleontol. 60, 973-1015 (1986).
    • (1986) J. Paleontol. , vol.60 , pp. 973-1015
    • Allison, C.W.1    Hilgert, J.W.2
  • 261
    • 84874979369 scopus 로고
    • Biostratigraphic and Chemostratigraphic Correlation of Neoproterozoic Sedimentary Successions: Upper Tindir Group, Northwestern Canada, as a Test Case
    • A. J. Kaufman, A. H. Knoll, and S. M. Awramik, Biostratigraphic and Chemostratigraphic Correlation of Neoproterozoic Sedimentary Successions: Upper Tindir Group, Northwestern Canada, as a Test Case, Geology 20, 181-185 (1992).
    • (1992) Geology , vol.20 , pp. 181-185
    • Kaufman, A.J.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Awramik, S.M.3
  • 262
    • 0003382806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Fossils Demonstrate Precambrian Origin of Dinoflagellates
    • A. Yu. Zhuravlev and R. Riding (Eds.), New York: Columbia Univ. Press
    • J. M. Moldowan, S. A. Jacobsen, J. Dahl, et al., Molecular Fossils Demonstrate Precambrian Origin of Dinoflagellates, in The Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation, Ed. by A. Yu. Zhuravlev and R. Riding (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 2001), pp. 474-493.
    • (2001) The Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation , pp. 474-493
    • Moldowan, J.M.1    Jacobsen, S.A.2    Dahl, J.3
  • 263
    • 0024191952 scopus 로고
    • Distinctive Hydrocarbon Biomarkers from Fossiliferous Sediment of the Late Proterozoic Walcott Member, Chuar Group, Grand Canyon, Arizona
    • R. E. Summons, S. C. Brassell, G. Eglinton, et al., Distinctive Hydrocarbon Biomarkers from Fossiliferous Sediment of the Late Proterozoic Walcott Member, Chuar Group, Grand Canyon, Arizona, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 52, 2625-2637 (1988).
    • (1988) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.52 , pp. 2625-2637
    • Summons, R.E.1    Brassell, S.C.2    Eglinton, G.3
  • 264
    • 0025694996 scopus 로고
    • Tetrahymanol from the Phototrophic Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas Palustris: First Report of a Gammacerane Triterpene from a Prokaryote
    • G. Kleemann, K. Poralla, G. Englert, et al., Tetrahymanol from the Phototrophic Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas Palustris: First Report of a Gammacerane Triterpene from a Prokaryote, J. Gen. Microbiol. 136, 2551-2553, (1990).
    • (1990) J. Gen. Microbiol. , vol.136 , pp. 2551-2553
    • Kleemann, G.1    Poralla, K.2    Englert, G.3
  • 265
    • 66149163442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Proterozoic Fossil Record of Heterotrophic Eukaryotes
    • S. Xiao and A. J. Kaufman (Eds.), Amsterdam: Springer
    • S. M. Porter, The Proterozoic Fossil Record of Heterotrophic Eukaryotes, in Neoproterozoic Geobiology and Paleobiology, Ed. by Shuhai Xiao and A. J. Kaufman, (Springer, Amsterdam, 2006), pp. 1-21.
    • (2006) Neoproterozoic Geobiology and Paleobiology , pp. 1-21
    • Porter, S.M.1
  • 266
    • 84882520415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Geological Succession of Primary Producers in the Oceans
    • P. Falkowsky and A. H. Knoll (Eds.), Burlington: Elsevier
    • A. H. Knoll, R. E. Summons, J. R. Waldbauer, and J. E. Zumberge, The Geological Succession of Primary Producers in the Oceans, in The Evolution of the Primary Producers in the Sea, Ed. by P. Falkowsky and A. H. Knoll (Elsevier, Burlington, 2007), pp. 133-163.
    • (2007) The Evolution of the Primary Producers in the Sea , pp. 133-163
    • Knoll, A.H.1    Summons, R.E.2    Waldbauer, J.R.3    Zumberge, J.E.4
  • 267
    • 0033793142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testate Amoebae in the Neoproterozoic Era: Evidence from Vase-Shaped Microfossils in the Chuar Group, Grand Canyon
    • S. M. Porter and A. H. Knoll, Testate Amoebae in the Neoproterozoic Era: Evidence from Vase-Shaped Microfossils in the Chuar Group, Grand Canyon, Paleobiology 26, 360-385 (2000).
    • (2000) Paleobiology , vol.26 , pp. 360-385
    • Porter, S.M.1    Knoll, A.H.2
  • 268
    • 0037534127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vase-Shaped Microfossils from the Neoproterozoic Chuar Group, Grand Canyon; A Classification Guided by Modern Testate Amoeba
    • S. M. Porter, R. Meisterfeld, and A. H. Knoll, Vase-Shaped Microfossils from the Neoproterozoic Chuar Group, Grand Canyon; A Classification Guided by Modern Testate Amoeba, J. Paleontol. 77, 409-429 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Paleontol. , vol.77 , pp. 409-429
    • Porter, S.M.1    Meisterfeld, R.2    Knoll, A.H.3
  • 269
    • 15744385499 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of Proterozoic Microfossil Diversity: An Initial Tentative Analysis
    • J. W. Schopf and C. Klein (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • J. W. Schopf, Patterns of Proterozoic Microfossil Diversity: An Initial Tentative Analysis, in The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Study, Ed. by J. W. Schopf and C. Klein (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1992), pp. 529-552.
    • (1992) The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Study , pp. 529-552
    • Schopf, J.W.1
  • 271
    • 75949130395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the Precambrian Algal Communities. News of Paleontology and Stratigraphy
    • M. S. Yakshin, K. E. Nagovitsin, and Sh. Faizullin, Evolution of the Precambrian Algal Communities. News of Paleontology and Stratigraphy, Geol. Geofiz. 45(Supplement), 21-32 (2004).
    • (2004) Geol. Geofiz. , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 21-32
    • Yakshin, M.S.1    Nagovitsin, K.E.2    Faizullin, S.3
  • 272
    • 30344486937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1.3 Billion Years of Acritarch History: An Empirical Morphospace Approach
    • J. W. Huntley, S. Xiao, and M. Kowalewsky, 1. 3 Billion Years of Acritarch History: An Empirical Morphospace Approach, Precambrian Res. 144, 52-68 (2006).
    • (2006) Precambrian Res. , vol.144 , pp. 52-68
    • Huntley, J.W.1    Xiao, S.2    Kowalewsky, M.3
  • 273
    • 0033527036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Breath of Fresh Air
    • D. E. Canfield, A Breath of Fresh Air, Nature 400, 503-504 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 503-504
    • Canfield, D.E.1
  • 275
    • 0141865960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Geological Consequences of Evolution
    • A. H. Knoll, The Geological Consequences of Evolution, Geobiology, 1, 3-14 (2003).
    • (2003) Geobiology , vol.1 , pp. 3-14
    • Knoll, A.H.1
  • 276
    • 0012658426 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the Global Diversity of Proterozoic Stromatolites. Article 1. Northern Eurasia, China, and India
    • M. A. Semikhatov, E. Raaben, Dynamics of the Global Diversity of Proterozoic Stromatolites. Article 1. Northern Eurasia, China, and India, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 2(6), 10-32 (1994).
    • (1994) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 10-32
    • Semikhatov, M.A.1    Raaben, E.2
  • 277
    • 0012658426 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the Global Diversity of Proterozoic Stromatolites. Article 2: Africa, Australia, North America, and General Synthesis
    • [Stratigraphy. Geol. Correlation 2, 24-50 (1996)]
    • M. A. Semikhatov and M. E. Raaben, Dynamics of the Global Diversity of Proterozoic Stromatolites. Article 2: Africa, Australia, North America, and General Synthesis, Stratigraphiya. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 2(6), 10-32 (1994) [Stratigraphy. Geol. Correlation 2, 24-50 (1996)].
    • (1994) Stratigraphiya. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 10-32
    • Semikhatov, M.A.1    Raaben, M.E.2
  • 278
    • 0033784036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcareous Metazoans in Thrombolitic Bioherms of the Terminal Proterozoic Nama Group, Namibia
    • J. P. Grotzinger, W. Watters, and A. H. Knoll, Calcareous Metazoans in Thrombolitic Bioherms of the Terminal Proterozoic Nama Group, Namibia,î Paleobiology 26, 334-359 (2000).
    • (2000) Paleobiology , vol.26 , pp. 334-359
    • Grotzinger, J.P.1    Watters, W.2    Knoll, A.H.3
  • 279
    • 0025600702 scopus 로고
    • Geochemical Model for Proterozoic Stromatolite Decline
    • J. P. Grotzinger, Geochemical Model for Proterozoic Stromatolite Decline, Am. J. Sci. 290, 80-103 (1990).
    • (1990) Am. J. Sci. , vol.290 , pp. 80-103
    • Grotzinger, J.P.1
  • 280
    • 0034477259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of Carbonaceous Compressions and Their Multicellular Tissues from the Changzhougou Formation (1800 Ma) in the Yanshan Range, North China
    • S. Zhu, S. Sun, X. Huang, et al., Discovery of Carbonaceous Compressions and Their Multicellular Tissues from the Changzhougou Formation (1800 Ma) in the Yanshan Range, North China, Chin. Sci. Bull. 45, 841-847 (2000).
    • (2000) Chin. Sci. Bull. , vol.45 , pp. 841-847
    • Zhu, S.1    Sun, S.2    Huang, X.3
  • 281
    • 0010059360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Oldest Annelidomorphs from the Upper Riphean of Timan
    • [Dokl. Earth Sci. 359 334-337 (1998)]
    • B. Gnilovskaya, The Oldest Annelidomorphs from the Upper Riphean of Timan, Dokl. Akad. Nauk 359(3), 369-372 (1998) [Dokl. Earth Sci. 359 334-337 (1998)].
    • (1998) Dokl. Akad. Nauk , vol.359 , Issue.3 , pp. 369-372
    • Gnilovskaya, B.1
  • 282
    • 24944452029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-Ediacaran Fauna from Timan (Annelidomorphs of the Late Riphean)
    • [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 8, 327-352 (2000)]
    • M. B. Gnilovskaya, A. F. Veis, Yu. R. Bekker, et al., Pre-Ediacaran Fauna from Timan (Annelidomorphs of the Late Riphean), Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya 8(4), 11-39 (2000) [Stratigr. Geol. Correlation 8, 327-352 (2000)].
    • (2000) Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 11-39
    • Gnilovskaya, M.B.1    Veis, A.F.2    Bekker, Y.R.3
  • 283
    • 0022853353 scopus 로고
    • Macroscopic Worm-Like Body Fossils from the Upper Precambrian (900-700 Ma), Huainan District, Anhui, China and Their Stratigraphic and Evolutionary Significance
    • S. Weiguo, W. Guixiang, and Z. Benhe, Macroscopic Worm-Like Body Fossils from the Upper Precambrian (900-700 Ma), Huainan District, Anhui, China and Their Stratigraphic and Evolutionary Significance, Precambrian Res. 31, 377-403 (1986).
    • (1986) Precambrian Res. , vol.31 , pp. 377-403
    • Weiguo, S.1    Guixiang, W.2    Benhe, Z.3
  • 284
    • 12444273243 scopus 로고
    • Late Precambrian Annelida and Pogonophora from the Huanian of Anhui Province
    • G.-X. Wang, Late Precambrian Annelida and Pogonophora from the Huanian of Anhui Province, Bull. Tianjin Inst. Geol. Miner. Resour. 6, 9-22 (1982).
    • (1982) Bull. Tianjin Inst. Geol. Miner. Resour. , vol.6 , pp. 9-22
    • Wang, G.-X.1
  • 285
    • 0032488780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precambrian Sponges with Cellular Structures
    • C. Li, J. Chen, and T. Hua, Precambrian Sponges with Cellular Structures, Science 279, 879-882 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.279 , pp. 879-882
    • Li, C.1    Chen, J.2    Hua, T.3
  • 286
    • 0034712837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precambrian Animal Diversity: Putative Phosphatized Embryos from the Doushantuo Formation of China
    • J. Chen, P. Oliveri, C. Li, G. Zhou, et al., Precambrian Animal Diversity: Putative Phosphatized Embryos from the Doushantuo Formation of China, Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. 97, 4457-4462 (2000).
    • (2000) Nat. Acad. Sci. Proc. , vol.97 , pp. 4457-4462
    • Chen, J.1    Oliveri, P.2    Li, C.3    Zhou, G.4
  • 287
    • 0033757008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatized Embryos from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation
    • S. Xiao and A. H. Knoll, Phosphatized Embryos from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, J. Paleontol. 74, 767-788 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Paleontol. , vol.74 , pp. 767-788
    • Xiao, S.1    Knoll, A.H.2
  • 288
    • 33846950417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare Helical Spheroidal Fossils from the Doushantuo Lagerstatte: Ediacaran Animal Embryos Come of Age?
    • S. Xiao, J. W. Hagadorn, C. Zhou, and X. Yuan, Rare Helical Spheroidal Fossils from the Doushantuo Lagerstatte: Ediacaran Animal Embryos Come of Age? Geology 35, 115-118 (2007).
    • (2007) Geology , vol.35 , pp. 115-118
    • Xiao, S.1    Hagadorn, J.W.2    Zhou, C.3    Yuan, X.4
  • 289
    • 0036328836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Lu-Hf and Pb-Pb Age Constraints on the Earliest Animal Fossils
    • G. H. Barfod, F. Albarède, A. H. Knoll, et al., New Lu-Hf and Pb-Pb Age Constraints on the Earliest Animal Fossils, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 201, 203-212 (2002).
    • (2002) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.201 , pp. 203-212
    • Barfod, G.H.1    Albarède, F.2    Knoll, A.H.3
  • 290
    • 15944373514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U-Pb Ages from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China
    • D. Condon, M. Zhu, S. A. Bowring, et al., U-Pb Ages from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China, Science 308, 95-98 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 95-98
    • Condon, D.1    Zhu, M.2    Bowring, S.A.3
  • 291
    • 0041307638 scopus 로고
    • Organic World of the Earth on the Way to the Phanerozoic Differentiation
    • B. S. Sokolov, Organic World of the Earth on the Way to the Phanerozoic Differentiation, Vestn. Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 1, 126-143 (1976).
    • (1976) Vestn. Akad. Nauk SSSR , Issue.1 , pp. 126-143
    • Sokolov, B.S.1
  • 295
    • 0043206081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Origin of the Metazoa in the Light of the Proterozoic Fossil Record
    • M. A. Fedonkin, The Origin of the Metazoa in the Light of the Proterozoic Fossil Record, Paleontol. Res. 7, 9-41 (2003).
    • (2003) Paleontol. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 9-41
    • Fedonkin, M.A.1
  • 297
    • 33645615026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem of Climatic Zoning in the Late Precambrian. Climate and Biospheric Events
    • in, Ed. by M. A. Semikhatov and N. M. Chumakov, Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk
    • N. M. Chumakov and V. N. Sergeev, Problem of Climatic Zoning in the Late Precambrian. Climate and Biospheric Events, in Climate during Epochs of Biospheric Reconstructions, Ed. by M. A. Semikhatov and N. M. Chumakov, Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk 550, 271-289 (2004).
    • (2004) Climate during Epochs of Biospheric Reconstructions , vol.550 , pp. 271-289
    • Chumakov, N.M.1    Sergeev, V.N.2
  • 298
    • 36249014188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Precambrian Emergence of Animal Life: A Geobiological Perspective
    • E. Gaidos, T. Dubuc, M. Dunford, et al., The Precambrian Emergence of Animal Life: A Geobiological Perspective, Geobiology, 5, 1-23 (2007).
    • (2007) Geobiology , vol.5 , pp. 1-23
    • Gaidos, E.1    Dubuc, T.2    Dunford, M.3
  • 299
    • 1642534172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Genomic Timescale for the Origin of Eukaryotes
    • S. B. Hedges, H. Chen, S. Kumar, et al., A Genomic Timescale for the Origin of Eukaryotes, Evol. Biol. 1(4), 1-10 (2001).
    • (2001) Evol. Biol. , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 1-10
    • Hedges, S.B.1    Chen, H.2    Kumar, S.3
  • 300
    • 0032828960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory Chains in the Last Common Ancestor of Living Organisms
    • J. Castresana and D. Moreira, Respiratory Chains in the Last Common Ancestor of Living Organisms, J. Mol. Evol. 49, 453-460 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.49 , pp. 453-460
    • Castresana, J.1    Moreira, D.2
  • 301
    • 48249124600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Last Universal Common Ancestor: Emergence, Constitution and Genetic Legacy of an Elusive Forerunner
    • N. Glansdorff, Y. Xu, and B. Labedan, The Last Universal Common Ancestor: Emergence, Constitution and Genetic Legacy of an Elusive Forerunner, Biol. Direct 3(29), 1-35 (2008).
    • (2008) Biol. Direct , vol.3 , Issue.29 , pp. 1-35
    • Glansdorff, N.1    Xu, Y.2    Labedan, B.3
  • 302
    • 0037001963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex Evolution of Photosynthesis
    • J. Xiong and C. E. Bauer, Complex Evolution of Photosynthesis, Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 53, 503-521 (2002).
    • (2002) Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. , vol.53 , pp. 503-521
    • Xiong, J.1    Bauer, C.E.2
  • 305
    • 33645776968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Evolutionary Diversification of Cyanobacteria: Molecular-Phylogenetic and Paleontological Perspectives
    • A. Tomitani, A. H. Knoll, C. M. Cavanaugh, and T. Ohno, The Evolutionary Diversification of Cyanobacteria: Molecular-Phylogenetic and Paleontological Perspectives, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 5442-5447 (2006).
    • (2006) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 5442-5447
    • Tomitani, A.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Cavanaugh, C.M.3    Ohno, T.4
  • 306
    • 33751092018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Photosynthesis and Biospheric Oxygenation Contingent upon Nitrogen Fixation?
    • J. W. Grula, Evolution of Photosynthesis and Biospheric Oxygenation Contingent upon Nitrogen Fixation? Int. J. Astrobiol. 4(3-4), 251-257 (2005).
    • (2005) Int. J. Astrobiol. , vol.4 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 251-257
    • Grula, J.W.1
  • 308
    • 0038331663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Biogeochemical Cycles of Trace Metals in the Oceans
    • F. M. M. Morel and N. M. Price, The Biogeochemical Cycles of Trace Metals in the Oceans, Science 300, 944-947 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 944-947
    • Morel, F.M.M.1    Price, N.M.2
  • 309
    • 0037388041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen Fixation and Photosynthetic Oxygen Evolution in Cyanobacteria
    • I. Berman-Frank, P. Lundgren, and P. Falkowsky, Nitrogen Fixation and Photosynthetic Oxygen Evolution in Cyanobacteria, Res. Microbiol. 154, 157-164 (2003).
    • (2003) Res. Microbiol. , vol.154 , pp. 157-164
    • Berman-frank, I.1    Lundgren, P.2    Falkowsky, P.3
  • 312
    • 0033929164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Evolution of Nitrogen Fixation: The Evolutionary History of the NifD, NifK, NifE, and NifN Genes
    • R. Fani, R. Gallo, and P. Lio, Molecular Evolution of Nitrogen Fixation: The Evolutionary History of the NifD, NifK, NifE, and NifN Genes, J. Mol. Evol. 51, 1-11 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.51 , pp. 1-11
    • Fani, R.1    Gallo, R.2    Lio, P.3
  • 313
    • 58449108616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Major Clade of Prokaryotes with Ancient Adaptations to Life on Land
    • F. U. Battistuzzi and S. B. Hedges, A Major Clade of Prokaryotes with Ancient Adaptations to Life on Land, Mol. Biol. Evol. 26(2), 335-343 (2009).
    • (2009) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 335-343
    • Battistuzzi, F.U.1    Hedges, S.B.2
  • 314
    • 20744459768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Early History of Atmospheric Oxygen: Homage to Robert M. Garrels
    • D. E. Canfield, The Early History of Atmospheric Oxygen: Homage to Robert M. Garrels, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 33, 1-36 (2005).
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 1-36
    • Canfield, D.E.1
  • 315
    • 24144489481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Earth's Atmosphere Evolved to an Oxic State: A Status Report
    • D. C. Catling, M. W. Claire, How Earth's Atmosphere Evolved to an Oxic State: A Status Report, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 237, 1-20 (2005).
    • (2005) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.237 , pp. 1-20
    • Catling, D.C.1    Claire, M.W.2
  • 316
    • 2942568227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Molecular Timescale of Eukaryote Evolution and the Rise of Complex Multicellular Life
    • S. B. Hedges, J. E. Blair, M. L. Venturi, and J. L. Shoe, A Molecular Timescale of Eukaryote Evolution and the Rise of Complex Multicellular Life, BMC Evol. Biol. 4(2), 1-9 (2004).
    • (2004) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 1-9
    • Hedges, S.B.1    Blair, J.E.2    Venturi, M.L.3    Shoe, J.L.4
  • 317
    • 1942469414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Molecular Time Line for the Origin of Photosynthetic Eukaryotes
    • H. S. Yoon, J. D. Hackett, C. Ciniglia, et al., A Molecular Time Line for the Origin of Photosynthetic Eukaryotes, Mol. Biol. Evol. 2(5), 809-818 (2004).
    • (2004) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 809-818
    • Yoon, H.S.1    Hackett, J.D.2    Ciniglia, C.3
  • 318
    • 0035957013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Origin of Atmospheric Oxygen on Earth: The Innovation of Oxygenic Photosynthesis
    • G. C. Dismukes, V. V. Klimov, S. V. Baranov, et al., The Origin of Atmospheric Oxygen on Earth: The Innovation of Oxygenic Photosynthesis, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 2170-2175 (2001).
    • (2001) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 2170-2175
    • Dismukes, G.C.1    Klimov, V.V.2    Baranov, S.V.3
  • 319
    • 0034652363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth: Extreme Climatic and Geochemical Global Change and Its Biological Consequences
    • J. L. Kirschvink, E. J. Gaidos, L. E. Bertani, et al., Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth: Extreme Climatic and Geochemical Global Change and Its Biological Consequences, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 1400-1405 (2000).
    • (2000) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 1400-1405
    • Kirschvink, J.L.1    Gaidos, E.J.2    Bertani, L.E.3
  • 321
    • 0026613365 scopus 로고
    • The Early Evolution of Eukaryotes: A Geological Prospective
    • A. H. Knoll, The Early Evolution of Eukaryotes: A Geological Prospective, Science 256, 622-627 (1992).
    • (1992) Science , vol.256 , pp. 622-627
    • Knoll, A.H.1
  • 322
    • 0037046523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean Productivity before about 1.9 Gyr Ago Limited by Phosphorus Adsorption onto Iron Oxides
    • C. J. Bjerrum and D. E. Canfield, Ocean Productivity before about 1. 9 Gyr Ago Limited by Phosphorus Adsorption onto Iron Oxides, Nature 417, 159-162 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , pp. 159-162
    • Bjerrum, C.J.1    Canfield, D.E.2
  • 324
    • 0030621148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 in the Ocean
    • 2 in the Ocean, Nature 387, 272-275 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 272-275
    • Falkowski, P.G.1
  • 325
    • 32644444040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Co-Evolution of the Nitrogen, Carbon and Oxygen Cycles in the Proterozoic Ocean
    • K. Fennel, M. Follows, P. G. Falkowski, The Co-Evolution of the Nitrogen, Carbon and Oxygen Cycles in the Proterozoic Ocean, Am. J. Sci. 305, 526-545 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Sci. , vol.305 , pp. 526-545
    • Fennel, K.1    Follows, M.2    Falkowski, P.G.3
  • 326
    • 0026282909 scopus 로고
    • Early Evolution and the Origin of Eukaryotes
    • M. L. Sogin, Early Evolution and the Origin of Eukaryotes, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 1, 457-463 (1991).
    • (1991) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. , vol.1 , pp. 457-463
    • Sogin, M.L.1
  • 327
    • 0344633597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial Remnant Organelles of Giardia Function in Iron-Sulfur Protein Maturation
    • J. Tovar, G. Léon-Avila, B. Sánchez, et al., Mitochondrial Remnant Organelles of Giardia Function in Iron-Sulfur Protein Maturation, Nature 426, 172-176 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature , vol.426 , pp. 172-176
    • Tovar, J.1    Léon-avila, G.2    Sánchez, B.3
  • 328
    • 3142746681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitichondrial-Type Assembly of FeS Centers in the Hydrogenosomes of the Amitochondriate Eukaryote Trichomonas Vaginalis
    • R. Sutak, P. Dolezal, H. Fiumera, et al., Mitichondrial-Type Assembly of FeS Centers in the Hydrogenosomes of the Amitochondriate Eukaryote Trichomonas Vaginalis, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 10368-10373 (2004).
    • (2004) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 10368-10373
    • Sutak, R.1    Dolezal, P.2    Fiumera, H.3
  • 329
    • 0035839062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Evidence of Early Colonization of Land by Fungi and Plants
    • D. S. Heckman, D. M. Geiser, B. R. Eidell, et al., Molecular Evidence of Early Colonization of Land by Fungi and Plants, Science, 293, 1129-1133 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 1129-1133
    • Heckman, D.S.1    Geiser, D.M.2    Eidell, B.R.3
  • 330
    • 33750329972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstructing the Early Evolution of Fungi Using a Six-Gene Phylogeny
    • T. Y. James, F. Kauff, C. L. Schoch, et al., Reconstructing the Early Evolution of Fungi Using a Six-Gene Phylogeny, Nature 443, 818-822 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature , vol.443 , pp. 818-822
    • James, T.Y.1    Kauff, F.2    Schoch, C.L.3
  • 331
    • 0030425648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precambrian Divergences among Metazoan Phyla
    • G. A. Wray, J. S. Levinton, H. Shapiro, Precambrian Divergences among Metazoan Phyla, Science 274, 568-573 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 568-573
    • Wray, G.A.1    Levinton, J.S.2    Shapiro, H.3
  • 332
    • 0032514706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the Cambrian Explosion Hypothesis by Using a Molecular Dating Technique
    • L. Bromham, A. Rambaut, R. Fortey, et al., Testing the Cambrian Explosion Hypothesis by Using a Molecular Dating Technique, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 12 386-12 389 (1998).
    • (1998) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , pp. 12386-12389
    • Bromham, L.1    Rambaut, A.2    Fortey, R.3
  • 333
    • 1942501957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Colonization of Land by Animals: Molecular Phylogeny and Divergence Times among Arthropods
    • D. Pisani, L. L. Poling, M. Lyons-Weiler, and S. B. Hedges, The Colonization of Land by Animals: Molecular Phylogeny and Divergence Times among Arthropods, BMC Evol. Biol. 2, 1-10 (2004).
    • (2004) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 1-10
    • Pisani, D.1    Poling, L.L.2    Lyons-weiler, M.3    Hedges, S.B.4
  • 334
    • 7444237566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Timing of Eukaryotic Evolution: Does a Relaxed Molecular Clock Reconcile Proteins and Fossils?
    • E. J. P. Douzery, E. A. Snell, E. Bapteste, et al., The Timing of Eukaryotic Evolution: Does a Relaxed Molecular Clock Reconcile Proteins and Fossils? Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 15386-15391 (2004).
    • (2004) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 15386-15391
    • Douzery, E.J.P.1    Snell, E.A.2    Bapteste, E.3
  • 335
    • 0031930042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of the Metazoan Phyla: Molecular Clocks Confirm Paleontological Estimates
    • F. J. Ayala and A. Rzhetsky, Origin of the Metazoan Phyla: Molecular Clocks Confirm Paleontological Estimates, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 606-611 (1998).
    • (1998) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , pp. 606-611
    • Ayala, F.J.1    Rzhetsky, A.2
  • 336
    • 0030990255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Clocks: Defusing the Cambrian "Explosion"?
    • S. Conway Morris, Molecular Clocks: Defusing the Cambrian "Explosion"? Curr. Biol. 7, 71-74 (1997).
    • (1997) Curr. Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 71-74
    • Conway, M.S.1
  • 337
    • 2342536996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating Metazoan Divergence Time with a Molecular Clock
    • K. J. Peterson, J. B. Lyons, K. S. Nowak, et al, Estimating Metazoan Divergence Time with a Molecular Clock, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 101(17), 6536-6541 (2004).
    • (2004) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , Issue.17 , pp. 6536-6541
    • Peterson, K.J.1    Lyons, J.B.2    Nowak, K.S.3
  • 338
    • 22144454973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of the Eumetazoa: Testing Ecological Predictions of Molecular Clock against the Proterozoic Fossil Record
    • K. J. Peterson and N. J. Butterfield, Origin of the Eumetazoa: Testing Ecological Predictions of Molecular Clock against the Proterozoic Fossil Record, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 102(27), 9547-9652 (2005).
    • (2005) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.102 , Issue.27 , pp. 9547-9652
    • Peterson, K.J.1    Butterfield, N.J.2
  • 339
    • 14544297566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Clocks Do not Support the Cambrian Explosion
    • J. E. Blair and S. B. Hedges, Molecular Clocks Do not Support the Cambrian Explosion, Mol. Biol. Evol. 22(3), 387-390 (2005).
    • (2005) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-390
    • Blair, J.E.1    Hedges, S.B.2
  • 340
    • 17844406375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animals Roots and Shoots
    • M. Jones and M. Blaxter, Animals Roots and Shoots, Nature 434, 1076-1077 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 1076-1077
    • Jones, M.1    Blaxter, M.2
  • 341
    • 0037148758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Genome Sequence of Schizosaccharomyces Pombe
    • V. Wood, R. Gwilliam, et al., The Genome Sequence of Schizosaccharomyces Pombe, Nature 415, 871-880 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.415 , pp. 871-880
    • Wood, V.1    Gwilliam, R.2
  • 342
    • 0033784635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed Herbivory and the Assembly of Marine Benthic Ecosystems
    • G. J. Vermeij and D. R. Lindberg, Delayed Herbivory and the Assembly of Marine Benthic Ecosystems, Paleobiology 26, 419-430 (2000).
    • (2000) Paleobiology , vol.26 , pp. 419-430
    • Vermeij, G.J.1    Lindberg, D.R.2
  • 344
    • 22444436365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relativity for Molecular Clocks
    • D. Penny, Relativity for Molecular Clocks, Nature 436, 183-184 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature , vol.436 , pp. 183-184
    • Penny, D.1
  • 345
    • 0002929079 scopus 로고
    • Late Proterozoic Low Latitude Glaciation: The Snowball Earth
    • J. W. Schopf and C. Klein (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • J. L. Kirschvink, Late Proterozoic Low Latitude Glaciation: The Snowball Earth, in The Proterozoic Biosphere, A Multidisciplinary Study, Ed. by J. W. Schopf and C. Klein (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992), pp. 51-52.
    • (1992) The Proterozoic Biosphere, A Multidisciplinary Study , pp. 51-52
    • Kirschvink, J.L.1
  • 346
    • 0036288251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Snowball Earth Hypothesis: Testing the Limits of Global Change
    • P. F. Hoffman and D. P. Schrag, The Snowball Earth Hypothesis: Testing the Limits of Global Change, Terra Nova 14, 129-155 (2002).
    • (2002) Terra Nova , vol.14 , pp. 129-155
    • Hoffman, P.F.1    Schrag, D.P.2
  • 347
    • 0032855033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Clock Calibrations and Metazoan Divergence Dates
    • M. S. Y. Lee, Molecular Clock Calibrations and Metazoan Divergence Dates, J. Mol. Evol. 49, 385-391 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.49 , pp. 385-391
    • Lee, M.S.Y.1
  • 348
    • 3242725291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern Tendencies in the Evolution of Phylogenetic Studies
    • in Russian
    • L. P. Tatarinov, Modern Tendencies in the Evolution of Phylogenetic Studies, Vestn. Ross. Akad. Nauk 74(6), 515-523 (2004) [in Russian].
    • (2004) Vestn. Ross. Akad. Nauk , vol.74 , Issue.6 , pp. 515-523
    • Tatarinov, L.P.1
  • 350
    • 0002587086 scopus 로고
    • Introduction: An Overview of the Thermophiles
    • T. D. Brock (Ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience
    • T. D. Brock, Introduction: An Overview of the Thermophiles, in Thermophiles, General, Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Ed. by T. D. Brock (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1986), pp. 1-16.
    • (1986) Thermophiles, General, Molecular and Applied Microbiology , pp. 1-16
    • Brock, T.D.1
  • 351
    • 0001999440 scopus 로고
    • Diversity of Extremely Thermophilic Archaebacteria
    • T. D. Brock (Ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience
    • K. O. Stetter, Diversity of Extremely Thermophilic Archaebacteria, in Thermophiles, General, Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Ed. by T. D. Brock (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1986), pp. 39-74.
    • (1986) Thermophiles, General, Molecular and Applied Microbiology , pp. 39-74
    • Stetter, K.O.1
  • 352
    • 0038202732 scopus 로고
    • Evolution and Ecology of Thermophilic Microorganisms
    • M. Shilo (Ed.), Weinhem: Verlag Chemie
    • R. W. Castenholz, Evolution and Ecology of Thermophilic Microorganisms, in Strategies of Microbial Life in Extreme Environments, Ed. by M. Shilo (Verlag Chemie, Weinhem, 1979), pp. 373-392.
    • (1979) Strategies of Microbial Life in Extreme Environments , pp. 373-392
    • Castenholz, R.W.1
  • 353
    • 0035931866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life in Extreme Environment
    • L. J. Rothschild and R. L. Mancinelli, Life in Extreme Environment, Nature 409, 1092-1101 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 1092-1101
    • Rothschild, L.J.1    Mancinelli, R.L.2
  • 354
    • 0037052564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merging Genomes with Geochemistry in Hydrothermal Ecosystems
    • A.-L. Reysenbach and E. Schock, Merging Genomes with Geochemistry in Hydrothermal Ecosystems, Science 296, 1077-1082 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 1077-1082
    • Reysenbach, A.-L.1    Schock, E.2
  • 355
    • 0035931935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Habitat and Nature of Early Life
    • E. G. Nisbet and N. H. Sleep, The Habitat and Nature of Early Life, Nature 409, 1083-1091 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 1083-1091
    • Nisbet, E.G.1    Sleep, N.H.2
  • 356
    • 33748156406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacial and Glacier-Free Climate in the Precambrian
    • in, Ed. by M. A. Semikhatov and N. M. Chumakov, Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk
    • N. M. Chumakov, Glacial and Glacier-Free Climate in the Precambrian, in Climate and Epochs of Large Biospheric Reconstructions, Ed. by M. A. Semikhatov and N. M. Chumakov, Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk 550, 259-270 (2004).
    • (2004) Climate and Epochs of Large Biospheric Reconstructions , vol.550 , pp. 259-270
    • Chumakov, N.M.1
  • 357
    • 0038322915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High Archean Climatic Temperature Inferred from Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry of Cherts in the 3.5 Ga Swaziland Supergroup, South Africa
    • L. P. Knauth and D. R. Lowe, High Archean Climatic Temperature Inferred from Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry of Cherts in the 3. 5 Ga Swaziland Supergroup, South Africa, Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 115, 566-580 (2003).
    • (2003) Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. , vol.115 , pp. 566-580
    • Knauth, L.P.1    Lowe, D.R.2
  • 358
    • 33750466236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Palaeotemperature Curve for the Precambrian Oceans Based on Silicon Isotopes in Cherts
    • F. Robert and M. Chaussidon, A Palaeotemperature Curve for the Precambrian Oceans Based on Silicon Isotopes in Cherts, Nature 443, 969-972 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature , vol.443 , pp. 969-972
    • Robert, F.1    Chaussidon, M.2
  • 359
    • 38949093003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palaeotemperature Trend for Precambrian Life Inferred from Resurrected Proteins
    • E. A. Gaucher, S. Govindarajan, and O. K. Ganesh, Palaeotemperature Trend for Precambrian Life Inferred from Resurrected Proteins, Nature 451, 704-707 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 704-707
    • Gaucher, E.A.1    Govindarajan, S.2    Ganesh, O.K.3
  • 360
    • 1942503060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution and Lower Temperature
    • J. Rothschild and A. M. Lister (Eds.), London: Academic Press
    • A. Clarke, Evolution and Lower Temperature, in Evolution on Planet Earth. The Impact of the Physical Environment, Ed. by J. Rothschild and A. M. Lister (Academic Press, London, 2003), pp. 187-207.
    • (2003) Evolution on Planet Earth. The Impact of the Physical Environment , pp. 187-207
    • Clarke, A.1
  • 362
    • 0024857255 scopus 로고
    • The Evolution of Ecological Tolerance in Prokaryotes
    • A. H. Knoll and J. Bauld, The Evolution of Ecological Tolerance in Prokaryotes, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh Earth Sci. 80, 209-223 (1989).
    • (1989) Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh Earth Sci. , vol.80 , pp. 209-223
    • Knoll, A.H.1    Bauld, J.2
  • 363
    • 29144514408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitation Energy Transfer from Phycobiliprotein to Chlorophyll d in Intact Cells of Acaryochloris Marina Studied by Time- and Wavelength-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy
    • Z. Petrášek, F.-J. Schmitt, C. Theiss, et al., Excitation Energy Transfer from Phycobiliprotein to Chlorophyll d in Intact Cells of Acaryochloris Marina Studied by Time- and Wavelength-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., No. 4, 1016-1022 (2005).
    • (2005) Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. , Issue.4 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Petrášek, Z.1    Schmitt, F.-J.2    Theiss, C.3
  • 364
    • 34248225261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Solar Radiation Spectra on the Evolution of the Biosphere
    • K. Ya. Kondrat'ev and P. P. Fedchenko, Effect of Solar Radiation Spectra on the Evolution of the Biosphere, Vestn. Ross. Akad. Nauk 75, 522-532 (2005).
    • (2005) Vestn. Ross. Akad. Nauk , vol.75 , pp. 522-532
    • Kondrat'ev, K.Y.1    Fedchenko, P.P.2
  • 368
    • 0020992571 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of Acydophilic and Alkalophylic Bacteria
    • T. A. Krulwich and A. A. Guffani, Physiology of Acydophilic and Alkalophylic Bacteria, Adv. Microbial Physiol. 24, 173-213 (1983).
    • (1983) Adv. Microbial Physiol. , vol.24 , pp. 173-213
    • Krulwich, T.A.1    Guffani, A.A.2
  • 369
    • 0002743896 scopus 로고
    • Microbial Life in Extreme pH Values
    • D. J. Kushner (Ed.), London: Academic Press
    • T. A. Langworthy, Microbial Life in Extreme pH Values, in Microbial Life in Extreme Environments, Ed. by D. J. Kushner (Academic Press, London, 1978), pp. 279-315.
    • (1978) Microbial Life in Extreme Environments , pp. 279-315
    • Langworthy, T.A.1
  • 370
    • 0002348578 scopus 로고
    • The Alkaline Saline Environment
    • R. A. Herbert and G. A. Codd (Eds.), London: Academic Press
    • W. D. Grant and B. J. Tindall, The Alkaline Saline Environment, in Microbes in Extreme Environments, Ed. by R. A. Herbert and G. A. Codd (Academic Press, London, 1986), pp. 25-54.
    • (1986) Microbes in Extreme Environments , pp. 25-54
    • Grant, W.D.1    Tindall, B.J.2
  • 371
    • 0037413607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Evolution: Duplication, Duplication
    • A. Meyer, Molecular Evolution: Duplication, Duplication, Nature 421, 31-32 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 31-32
    • Meyer, A.1
  • 372
    • 0023858197 scopus 로고
    • The Discovery of Ferredoxin: The Photosynthetic Path
    • D. I. Arnon, The Discovery of Ferredoxin: The Photosynthetic Path, Tr. Biochem. Sci. 13, 30-33 (1988).
    • (1988) Tr. Biochem. Sci. , vol.13 , pp. 30-33
    • Arnon, D.I.1
  • 373
    • 0029019280 scopus 로고
    • Did Primitive Microorganisms Use Nonhem Iron Proteins in Place of NAD/P?
    • R. M. Daniel and M. J. Danson, Did Primitive Microorganisms Use Nonhem Iron Proteins in Place of NAD/P? J. Mol. Evol. 40, 559-563 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.40 , pp. 559-563
    • Daniel, R.M.1    Danson, M.J.2
  • 374
    • 0041170791 scopus 로고
    • Paris: Presses Universitaires de France
    • J. Piaget, Le Structuralisme (Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1968).
    • (1968) Le Structuralisme
    • Piaget, J.1
  • 375
    • 0031735879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symbiosis between Methanogenic Archaea and Delta-Proteobacteria as the Origin of Eukaryotes: The Syntrophic Hypothesis
    • D. Moreira and P. Lopez-Garcia, Symbiosis between Methanogenic Archaea and Delta-Proteobacteria as the Origin of Eukaryotes: The Syntrophic Hypothesis, J. Mol. Evol. 47, 517-530 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.47 , pp. 517-530
    • Moreira, D.1    Lopez-garcia, P.2
  • 376
    • 0033736055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron Hydrogenases and the Evolution of Anaerobic Eukaryotes
    • D. C. Horner, P. G. Foster, and T. M. Embley, Iron Hydrogenases and the Evolution of Anaerobic Eukaryotes, Mol. Biol. Evol. 17(11), 1695-1709 (2000).
    • (2000) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.17 , Issue.11 , pp. 1695-1709
    • Horner, D.C.1    Foster, P.G.2    Embley, T.M.3
  • 378
    • 0037076974 scopus 로고
    • Some Like It Hot, but not the First Biomolecules
    • J. L. Bada and A. Lazcano, Some Like It Hot, but not the First Biomolecules, Science 296, 1982-1983 (1982).
    • (1982) Science , vol.296 , pp. 1982-1983
    • Bada, J.L.1    Lazcano, A.2
  • 379
    • 0037471678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Redox Protein Construction Kit: Pre-Last Universal Common Ancestor Evolution of Energy-Conserving Enzymes
    • F. Baymann, E. Lebrun, M. Brugna, et al., The Redox Protein Construction Kit: Pre-Last Universal Common Ancestor Evolution of Energy-Conserving Enzymes, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London B358, 267-274 (2003).
    • (2003) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London , vol.B358 , pp. 267-274
    • Baymann, F.1    Lebrun, E.2    Brugna, M.3
  • 380
    • 84891437760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Symbiotic Nature of Metabolic Evolution
    • T. A. C. Reydon and L. Hemerik (Eds.), London: Springer
    • S. A. M. Kooijman and R. Hengeveld, The Symbiotic Nature of Metabolic Evolution, in Current Themes in Theoretical Biology, Ed. by T. A. C. Reydon and L. Hemerik (Springer, London, 2005), pp. 159-202.
    • (2005) Current Themes in Theoretical Biology , pp. 159-202
    • Kooijman, S.A.M.1    Hengeveld, R.2
  • 381
    • 0034691073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Chimeric Eukaryote: Origin of the Nucleus from the Karyomastigont in Amitochondriate Protists
    • L. Margulis, M. F. Dolan, and R. Guerrero, The Chimeric Eukaryote: Origin of the Nucleus from the Karyomastigont in Amitochondriate Protists, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 97(13), 6954-6959 (2000).
    • (2000) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , Issue.13 , pp. 6954-6959
    • Margulis, L.1    Dolan, M.F.2    Guerrero, R.3
  • 382
    • 0035093350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetics of Overall Metabolic Reactions of Thermophilic and Hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bacteria
    • J. P. Amend and E. L. Shock, Energetics of Overall Metabolic Reactions of Thermophilic and Hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bacteria, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 25, 175-243 (2001).
    • (2001) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.25 , pp. 175-243
    • Amend, J.P.1    Shock, E.L.2
  • 383
    • 0035918299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Advantages of Togetherness
    • E. C. Cox and J. T. Bonner, The Advantages of Togetherness, Science 292, 448-449 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 448-449
    • Cox, E.C.1    Bonner, J.T.2
  • 384
    • 33746484894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold Dawn of Animal Life
    • M. A. Fedonkin, Cold Dawn of Animal Life, Priroda, No. 9, 3-11 (2000).
    • (2000) Priroda , Issue.9 , pp. 3-11
    • Fedonkin, M.A.1
  • 385
    • 84995974220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precambrian Marine Carbonate Isotope Database: Version 1.1
    • G. Shields and J. Veizer, Precambrian Marine Carbonate Isotope Database: Version 1. 1, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 3(6), 1031 (2002).
    • (2002) Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. , vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp. 1031
    • Shields, G.1    Veizer, J.2
  • 386
    • 0032480974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A New Model for Proterozoic Ocean Chemistry
    • D. E. Canfield, A New Model for Proterozoic Ocean Chemistry, Nature 396, 450-453 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.396 , pp. 450-453
    • Canfield, D.E.1
  • 387
    • 0038172490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for Low Sulphate and Deep Water Anoxia in a Mid-Proterozoic Marine Basin
    • Y. Shen, A. H. Knoll, and M. Walter, Evidence for Low Sulphate and Deep Water Anoxia in a Mid-Proterozoic Marine Basin, Nature 423, 632-635 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , pp. 632-635
    • Shen, Y.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Walter, M.3
  • 388
    • 0029021659 scopus 로고
    • Terminal Proterozoic Reorganization of Biogeochemical Cycles
    • G. A. Logan, J. M. Hayes, G. B. Hieshima, and R. E. Summons, Terminal Proterozoic Reorganization of Biogeochemical Cycles, Nature 376, 53-536 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature , vol.376 , pp. 53-536
    • Logan, G.A.1    Hayes, J.M.2    Hieshima, G.B.3    Summons, R.E.4
  • 390
    • 0019715172 scopus 로고
    • Global Regularities in the Distribution of Life over the Ocean and Their Reflection in the Composition of Bottom Sediments. Regularities in the Distribution of Plankton and Bethos in the Ocean
    • M. E. Vinogradov and A. P. Lisitsyn, Global Regularities in the Distribution of Life over the Ocean and Their Reflection in the Composition of Bottom Sediments. Regularities in the Distribution of Plankton and Bethos in the Ocean, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., No. 4, 5-24 (1981).
    • (1981) Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol. , Issue.4 , pp. 5-24
    • Vinogradov, M.E.1    Lisitsyn, A.P.2
  • 391
    • 0000694821 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the Radiolaria in the Paleozoic and Its Correlation with the Development of Other Marine Fossil Groups
    • B. B. Nazarov and A. R. Ormiston, Evolution of the Radiolaria in the Paleozoic and Its Correlation with the Development of Other Marine Fossil Groups, Senckenbergiana Lethaea 66, 203-215 (1985).
    • (1985) Senckenbergiana Lethaea , vol.66 , pp. 203-215
    • Nazarov, B.B.1    Ormiston, A.R.2
  • 394
    • 0029663540 scopus 로고
    • Late Proterozoic Rise in Atmospheric Oxygen Concentration Inferred from Phlyogenetic and Sulphur-Isotope Studies
    • D. E. Canfield and A. Teske, Late Proterozoic Rise in Atmospheric Oxygen Concentration Inferred from Phlyogenetic and Sulphur-Isotope Studies, Nature 382, 127-132 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 127-132
    • Canfield, D.E.1    Teske, A.2
  • 395
    • 0037007099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 Levels for the Last 500 Million Years
    • 2 Levels for the Last 500 Million Years, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 4167-4171 (2001).
    • (2001) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 4167-4171
    • Rothman, D.H.1
  • 397
    • 0002794351 scopus 로고
    • Paleobiology of Climactichnites, an Enigmatic Late Cambrian Fossil
    • Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press
    • E. L. Yochelson and M. A. Fedonkin, Paleobiology of Climactichnites, an Enigmatic Late Cambrian Fossil, Smithsonian Contrib. Paleobiol. (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1993), No. 74.
    • (1993) Smithsonian Contrib. Paleobiol.
    • Yochelson, E.L.1    Fedonkin, M.A.2
  • 399
    • 33846224696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geodynamic Settings of Mineral Deposit Systems
    • D. I. Groves, F. P. Bierlein, Geodynamic Settings of Mineral Deposit Systems, J. Geol. Soc. 164, 19-30, (2007).
    • (2007) J. Geol. Soc. , vol.164 , pp. 19-30
    • Groves, D.I.1    Bierlein, F.P.2
  • 400
    • 38349105591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Rise of Atmosrheric Oxygen
    • L. R. Kump, The Rise of Atmosrheric Oxygen, Nature 451, 277-278 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 277-278
    • Kump, L.R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.