The Yin and Yang of vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling in neoplastic progression: Operational networks and tissue-specific growth control

Biochemical Pharmacology

Volumn 79, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-9

  Campbell, F C ^a   Xu, Haibo ^a   El Tanani, M ^a   Crowe, P ^a   Bingham, V ^a  

^a QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cancer; Signaling; Vitamin D receptor

Indexed keywords

25 HYDROXYVITAMIN D; CALCITRIOL; CALCIUM ION; CARCINOGEN; CYTOCHROME P450; CYTOCHROME P450 27B1; DNA; HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE PCAF; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE P38; OSTEOPONTIN; PROTEIN P160; RETINOID X RECEPTOR; RHOA GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; STEROID RECEPTOR COACTIVATOR 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UVOMORULIN; VITAMIN D RECEPTOR;

ARTICLE; CALCIUM TRANSPORT; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER RISK; CANCER SURVIVAL; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL SPECIFICITY; COLON CANCER; DNA RESPONSIVE ELEMENT; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG TARGETING; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; ESOPHAGUS CANCER; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE TARGETING; GROWTH REGULATION; HUMAN; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; NONHUMAN; PANCREAS CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SUN EXPOSURE; TISSUE SPECIFICITY; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; TRANSPORT KINETICS; TUMOR GROWTH; VITAMIN METABOLISM;

ANIMALS; CHOLECALCIFEROL; DIMERIZATION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; GENE TARGETING; HUMANS; LIGANDS; NEOPLASMS; ORGAN SPECIFICITY; PROTEIN ISOFORMS; RECEPTORS, CALCITRIOL; RESPONSE ELEMENTS; RETINOID X RECEPTORS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC;

EID: 70350211844     PISSN: 00062952     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.09.005     Document Type: Note

References (126)

1. Mellanby E. An experimental investigation on rickets. Lancet 196 (1919) 407-412
2. Chick H., Dalyell E.J.H., Hume E.M., Mackay H.M.M., and Henderson-Smith H. The aetiology of rickets in infants: prophylactic and curative observations at the Vienna University Kinderklinik. Lancet ii (1922) 7-11
3. Farber E. Nobel prize winners in chemistry (1953), Abelard-Schuman, New York
4. Holick M.F. Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr 80 6 Suppl (2004) 1678S-1688S
5. DeLuca H.F. Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 80 6 Suppl (2004) 1689S-1696S
6. Bouillon R., Carmeliet G., Verlinden L., van Etten E., Verstuyf A., Luderer H.F., et al. Vitamin D and human health: lessons from vitamin D receptor null mice. Endocr Rev 29 6 (2008) 726-776
7. Norman A.W. Minireview: vitamin D receptor: new assignments for an already busy receptor. Endocrinology 147 12 (2006) 5542-5548
8. Haussler M.R., Haussler C.A., Jurutka P.W., Thompson P.D., Hsieh J.C., Remus L.S., et al. The vitamin D hormone and its nuclear receptor: molecular actions and disease states. J Endocrinol 154 Suppl (1997) S57-S73
9. Posner G.H., Lee J.K., White M.C., Hutchings R.H., Dai H., Kachinski J.L., et al. Antiproliferative hybrid analogs of the hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (3): design, synthesis, and preliminary biological evaluation. J Org Chem 62 10 (1997) 3299-3314
10. 2 vitamin D3. Steroids 64 1-2 (1999) 120-128
11. Arnaud J., and Constans J. Affinity differences for vitamin D metabolites associated with the genetic isoforms of the human serum carrier protein (DBP). Hum Genet 92 2 (1993) 183-188
12. Bikle D.D., Gee E., Halloran B., Kowalski M.A., Ryzen E., and Haddad J.G. Assessment of the free fraction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum and its regulation by albumin and the vitamin D-binding protein. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 63 4 (1986) 954-959
13. Bikle D.D., and Gee E. Free, and not total, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D regulates 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolism by keratinocytes. Endocrinology 124 2 (1989) 649-654
14. Safadi F.F., Thornton P., Magiera H., Hollis B.W., Gentile M., Haddad J.G., et al. Osteopathy and resistance to vitamin D toxicity in mice null for vitamin D binding protein. J Clin Invest 103 2 (1999) 239-251
15. Holick M.F. Molecular recognition and structure-activity relations. In: Holick M. (Ed). Vitamin D: physiology, molecular biology, and clinical applications (1999), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ 147-162
16. Norman A.W., Mizwicki M.T., and Norman D.P. Steroid-hormone rapid actions, membrane receptors and a conformational ensemble model. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3 1 (2004) 27-41
17. Makishima M., Lu T.T., Xie W., Whitfield G.K., Domoto H., Evans R.M., et al. Vitamin D receptor as an intestinal bile acid sensor. Science 296 5571 (2002) 1313-1316
18. Rochel N., Wurtz J.M., Mitschler A., Klaholz B., and Moras D. The crystal structure of the nuclear receptor for vitamin D bound to its natural ligand. Mol Cell 5 1 (2000) 173-179
19. Freedman L.P. Increasing the complexity of coactivation in nuclear receptor signaling. Cell 97 1 (1999) 5-8
20. Mizwicki M.T., Bula C.M., Bishop J.E., and Norman A.W. New insights into Vitamin D sterol-VDR proteolysis, allostery, structure-function from the perspective of a conformational ensemble model. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 103 3-5 (2007) 243-262
21. Carlberg C. Critical analysis of 1alpha 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 response elements. In: Norman A.W., Bouillon R., and Thmasset M. (Eds). Proceedings of the 10th international vitamin D workshop (1997) 268-275
22. Carlberg C. Mechanisms of nuclear signalling by vitamin D3. Interplay with retinoid and thyroid hormone signalling. Eur J Biochem 231 3 (1995) 517-527
23. Toell A., Polly P., and Carlberg C. All natural DR3-type vitamin D response elements show a similar functionality in vitro. Biochem J 352 Pt 2 (2000) 301-309
24. McKenna N.J., and O'Malley B.W. Combinatorial control of gene expression by nuclear receptors and coregulators. Cell 108 4 (2002) 465-474
25. Torchia J., Glass C., and Rosenfeld M.G. Co-activators and co-repressors in the integration of transcriptional responses. Curr Opin Cell Biol 10 3 (1998) 373-383
26. Kim S., Shevde N.K., and Pike J.W. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates cyclic vitamin D receptor/retinoid X receptor DNA-binding, co-activator recruitment, and histone acetylation in intact osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res 20 2 (2005) 305-317
27. Spencer T.E., Jenster G., Burcin M.M., Allis C.D., Zhou J., Mizzen C.A., et al. Steroid receptor coactivator-1 is a histone acetyltransferase. Nature 389 6647 (1997) 194-198
28. Norman A.W. Evidence for a new kidney-produced hormone, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, the proposed biologically active form of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 24 11 (1971) 1346-1351
29. Townsend K., Evans K.N., Campbell M.J., Colston K.W., Adams J.S., and Hewison M. Biological actions of extra-renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase and implications for chemoprevention and treatment. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 97 1-2 (2005) 103-109
30. Demay M.B., Kiernan M.S., DeLuca H.F., and Kronenberg H.M. Sequences in the human parathyroid hormone gene that bind the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and mediate transcriptional repression in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89 17 (1992) 8097-8101
31. Fujiki R., Kim M.S., Sasaki Y., Yoshimura K., Kitagawa H., and Kato S. Ligand-induced transrepression by VDR through association of WSTF with acetylated histones. EMBO J 24 22 (2005) 3881-3894
32. 3-induced DNA methylation suppresses the human CYP27B1 gene. Mol Cell Endocrinol 265-266 (2007) 168-173
33. Cancela L., Nemere I., and Norman A.W. 1 alpha,25(OH)2 vitamin D3: a steroid hormone capable of producing pleiotropic receptor-mediated biological responses by both genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. J Steroid Biochem 30 1-6 (1988) 33-39
34. Farach-Carson M.C., and Ridall A.L. Dual 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 signal response pathways in osteoblasts: cross-talk between genomic and membrane-initiated pathways. Am J Kidney Dis 31 4 (1998) 729-742
35. Boyan B.D., and Schwartz Z. Rapid vitamin D-dependent PKC signaling shares features with estrogen-dependent PKC signaling in cartilage and bone. Steroids 69 8-9 (2004) 591-597
36. Caffrey J.M., and Farach-Carson M.C. Vitamin D3 metabolites modulate dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium currents in clonal rat osteosarcoma cells. J Biol Chem 264 34 (1989) 20265-20274
37. Le Mellay V., Grosse B., and Lieberherr M. Phospholipase C beta and membrane action of calcitriol and estradiol. J Biol Chem 272 18 (1997) 11902-11907
38. Norman A.W., Okamura W.H., Bishop J.E., and Henry H.L. Update on biological actions of 1alpha,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 (rapid effects) and 24R,25(OH)2-vitamin D3. Mol Cell Endocrinol 197 1-2 (2002) 1-13
39. Wali R.K., Kong J., Sitrin M.D., Bissonnette M., and Li Y.C. Vitamin D receptor is not required for the rapid actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to increase intracellular calcium and activate protein kinase C in mouse osteoblasts. J Cell Biochem 88 4 (2003) 794-801
40. Huhtakangas J.A., Olivera C.J., Bishop J.E., Zanello L.P., and Norman A.W. The vitamin D receptor is present in caveolae-enriched plasma membranes and binds 1 alpha 25(OH)2-vitamin D3 in vivo and in vitro. Mol Endocrinol 18 11 (2004) 2660-2671
41. Baran D.T., Sorensen A.M., Shalhoub V., Owen T., Stein G., and Lian J. The rapid nongenomic actions of 1 alpha 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulate the hormone-induced increments in osteocalcin gene transcription in osteoblast-like cells. J Cell Biochem 50 2 (1992) 124-129
42. 2 vitamin D3 on signal transduction systems in colonic cells. Steroids 64 1-2 (1999) 137-142
43. Noda M., Vogel R.L., Craig A.M., Prahl J., DeLuca H.F., and Denhardt D.T. Identification of a DNA sequence responsible for binding of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhancement of mouse secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP-1 or osteopontin) gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 24 (1990) 9995-9999
44. MacDonald P.N., Haussler C.A., Terpening C.M., Galligan M.A., Reeder M.C., Whitfield G.K., et al. Baculovirus-mediated expression of the human vitamin D receptor. Functional characterization, vitamin D response element interactions, and evidence for a receptor auxiliary factor. J Biol Chem 266 28 (1991) 18808-18813
45. Jenis L.G., Lian J.B., Stein G.S., and Baran D.T. 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced changes in intracellular pH in osteoblast-like cells modulate gene expression. J Cell Biochem 53 3 (1993) 234-239
46. Barletta F., Freedman L.P., and Christakos S. Enhancement of VDR-mediated transcription by phosphorylation: correlation with increased interaction between the VDR and DRIP205, a subunit of the VDR-interacting protein coactivator complex. Mol Endocrinol 16 2 (2002) 301-314
47. 3 dependent PKC signaling in chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Steroids 71 4 (2006) 286-290
48. Nemere I. 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses the rapid actions of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone on calcium transport in chick intestine. J Bone Miner Res 14 9 (1999) 1543-1549
49. Anderson P.H., Hendrix I., Sawyer R.K., Zarrinkalam R., Manavis J., Sarvestani G.T., et al. Co-expression of CYP27B1 enzyme with the 1.5 kb CYP27B1 promoter-luciferase transgene in the mouse. Mol Cell Endocrinol 285 1-2 (2008) 1-9
50. Lee S., Clark S.A., Gill R.K., and Christakos S. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and pancreatic beta-cell function: vitamin D receptors, gene expression, and insulin secretion. Endocrinology 134 4 (1994) 1602-1610
51. Lemire J.M., Archer D.C., Beck L., and Spiegelberg H.L. Immunosuppressive actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: preferential inhibition of Th1 functions. J Nutr 125 6 Suppl (1995) 1704S-1708S
52. Wang T.T., Nestel F.P., Bourdeau V., Nagai Y., Wang Q., Liao J., et al. Cutting edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a direct inducer of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J Immunol 173 5 (2004) 2909-2912
53. Chen S., Sims G.P., Chen X.X., Gu Y.Y., Chen S., and Lipsky P.E. Modulatory effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on human B cell differentiation. J Immunol 179 3 (2007) 1634-1647
54. Bikle D.D., and Pillai S. Vitamin D, calcium, and epidermal differentiation. Endocr Rev 14 1 (1993) 3-19
55. Banerjee P., and Chatterjee M. Antiproliferative role of vitamin D and its analogs-a brief overview. Mol Cell Biochem 253 1-2 (2003) 247-254
56. 3 on breast and prostate cancer cells are associated with induction of BRCA1 gene expression. Oncogene 19 44 (2000) 5091-5097
57. Ohta M., Okabe T., Ozawa K., Urabe A., and Takaku F. 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) stimulates proliferation of human circulating monocytes in vitro. FEBS Lett 185 1 (1985) 9-13
58. Itin P.H., Pittelkow M.R., and Kumar R. Effects of vitamin D metabolites on proliferation and differentiation of cultured human epidermal keratinocytes grown in serum-free or defined culture medium. Endocrinology 135 5 (1994) 1793-1798
59. Tokar E.J., and Webber MM. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) inhibits growth and invasion by up-regulating nuclear receptors and 25-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) in human prostate cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 22 3 (2005) 275-284
60. Reddy C.D., Patti R., Guttapalli A., Maris J.M., Yanamandra N., Rachamallu A., et al. Anticancer effects of the novel 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 hybrid analog QW1624F2-2 in human neuroblastoma. J Cell Biochem 97 1 (2006) 198-206
61. Hosoi J., Abe E., Suda T., Colburn N.H., and Kuroki T. Induction of anchorage-independent growth of JB6 mouse epidermal cells by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Cancer Res 46 11 (1986) 5582-5586
62. Chang P.L., Lee T.F., Garretson K., and Prince C.W. Calcitriol enhancement of TPA-induced tumorigenic transformation is mediated through vitamin D receptor-dependent and -independent pathways. Clin Exp Metastasis 15 6 (1997) 580-592
63. Wood R.J., Tchack L., Angelo G., Pratt R.E., and Sonna L.A. DNA microarray analysis of vitamin D-induced gene expression in a human colon carcinoma cell line. Physiol Genomics 17 2 (2004) 122-129
64. Colston K.W., and Hansen C.M. Mechanisms implicated in the growth regulatory effects of vitamin D in breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 9 1 (2002) 45-59
65. Chang P.L., and Prince C.W. 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhances 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate- induced tumorigenic transformation and osteopontin expression in mouse JB6 epidermal cells. Cancer Res 53 10 Suppl (1993) 2217-2220
66. Palmer H.G., Gonzalez-Sancho J.M., Espada J., Berciano M.T., Puig I., Baulida J., et al. Vitamin D(3) promotes the differentiation of colon carcinoma cells by the induction of E-cadherin and the inhibition of beta-catenin signaling. J Cell Biol 154 2 (2001) 369-387
67. Ordonez-Moran P., Larriba M.J., Palmer H.G., Valero R.A., Barbachano A., Dunach M., et al. RhoA-ROCK and p38MAPK-MSK1 mediate vitamin D effects on gene expression, phenotype, and Wnt pathway in colon cancer cells. J Cell Biol 183 4 (2008) 697-710
68. Tuck A.B., Arsenault D.M., O'Malley F.P., Hota C., Ling M.C., Wilson S.M., et al. Osteopontin induces increased invasiveness and plasminogen activator expression of human mammary epithelial cells. Oncogene 18 29 (1999) 4237-4246
69. Kurisetty V.V., Johnston P.G., Johnston N., Erwin P., Crowe P., Fernig D.G., et al. RAN GTPase is an effector of the invasive/metastatic phenotype induced by osteopontin. Oncogene (2008)
70. Xu H., McCann M., Zhang Z., Posner G.H., Bingham V., El-Tanani M., et al. Vitamin D receptor modulates the neoplastic phenotype through antagonistic growth regulatory signals. Mol Carcinog 48 8 (2009) 758-772
71. Kawamura H., Yokote K., Asaumi S., Kobayashi K., Fujimoto M., Maezawa Y., et al. High glucose-induced upregulation of osteopontin is mediated via Rho/Rho kinase pathway in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24 2 (2004) 276-281
72. Stockinger A., Eger A., Wolf J., Beug H., and Foisner R. E-cadherin regulates cell growth by modulating proliferation-dependent beta-catenin transcriptional activity. J Cell Biol 154 6 (2001) 1185-1196
73. Shah S., Islam M.N., Dakshanamurthy S., Rizvi I., Rao M., Herrell R., et al. The molecular basis of vitamin D receptor and beta-catenin crossregulation. Mol Cell 21 6 (2006) 799-809
74. Nelson W.J., and Nusse R. Convergence of Wnt, beta-catenin, and cadherin pathways. Science 303 5663 (2004) 1483-1487
75. El-Tanani M.K., Barraclough R., Wilkinson M.C., and Rudland P.S. Regulatory region of metastasis-inducing DNA is the binding site for T cell factor-4. Oncogene 20 14 (2001) 1793-1797
76. Gumbiner B.M. Cell adhesion: the molecular basis of tissue architecture and morphogenesis. Cell 84 3 (1996) 345-357
77. Coppola D., Szabo M., Boulware D., Muraca P., Alsarraj M., Chambers A.F., et al. Correlation of osteopontin protein expression and pathological stage across a wide variety of tumor histologies. Clin Cancer Res 10 1 Pt 1 (2004) 184-190
78. Gottardi C.J., Wong E., and Gumbiner B.M. E-cadherin suppresses cellular transformation by inhibiting beta-catenin signaling in an adhesion-independent manner. J Cell Biol 153 5 (2001) 1049-1060
79. El-Tanani M., Barraclough R., Wilkinson M.C., and Rudland P.S. Metastasis-inducing DNA regulates the expression of the osteopontin gene by binding the transcription factor Tcf-4. Cancer Res 61 14 (2001) 5619-5629
80. Moye V.E., Barraclough R., West C., and Rudland P.S. Osteopontin expression correlates with adhesive and metastatic potential in metastasis-inducing DNA-transfected rat mammary cell lines. Br J Cancer 90 9 (2004) 1796-1802
81. Yoshizawa T., Handa Y., Uematsu Y., Takeda S., Sekine K., Yoshihara Y., et al. Mice lacking the vitamin D receptor exhibit impaired bone formation, uterine hypoplasia and growth retardation after weaning. Nat Genet 16 4 (1997) 391-396
82. Panda D.K., Miao D., Tremblay M.L., Sirois J., Farookhi R., Hendy G.N., et al. Targeted ablation of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase enzyme: evidence for skeletal, reproductive, and immune dysfunction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98 13 (2001) 7498-7503
83. Zinser G.M., Suckow M., and Welsh J. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) ablation alters carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis in mammary gland, epidermis and lymphoid tissues. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 97 1-2 (2005) 153-164
84. Giovannucci E. The epidemiology of vitamin D and cancer incidence and mortality: a review (United States). Cancer Causes Control 16 2 (2005) 83-95
85. Garland C.F., and Garland F.C. Do sunlight and vitamin D reduce the likelihood of colon cancer?. Int J Epidemiol 9 3 (1980) 227-231
86. Robsahm T.E., Tretli S., Dahlback A., and Moan J. Vitamin D3 from sunlight may improve the prognosis of breast-, colon- and prostate cancer (Norway). Cancer Causes Control 15 2 (2004) 149-158
87. Garland F.C., Garland C.F., Gorham E.D., and Young J.F. Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation. Prev Med 19 6 (1990) 614-622
88. John E.M., Koo J., and Schwartz G.G. Sun exposure and prostate cancer risk: evidence for a protective effect of early-life exposure. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16 6 (2007) 1283-1286
89. John E.M., Schwartz G.G., Dreon D.M., and Koo J. Vitamin D and breast cancer risk: the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971-1975 to 1992. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 8 5 (1999) 399-406
90. Knight J.A., Lesosky M., Barnett H., Raboud J.M., and Vieth R. Vitamin D and reduced risk of breast cancer: a population-based case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16 3 (2007) 422-429
91. Garland C., Shekelle R.B., Barrett-Connor E., Criqui M.H., Rossof A.H., and Paul O. Dietary vitamin D and calcium and risk of colorectal cancer: a 19-year prospective study in men. Lancet 1 8424 (1985) 307-309
92. Levi F., Pasche C., Lucchini F., and La Vecchia C. Selected micronutrients and colorectal cancer. A case-control study from the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Eur J Cancer 36 16 (2000) 2115-2119
93. Kristal A.R., Cohen J.H., Qu P., and Stanford J.L. Associations of energy, fat, calcium, and vitamin D with prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11 8 (2002) 719-725
94. Tseng M., Breslow R.A., Graubard B.I., and Ziegler R.G. Dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intakes and prostate cancer risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Epidemiologic Follow-up Study cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 81 5 (2005) 1147-1154
95. Bentham G. Association between incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and solar ultraviolet radiation in England and Wales. Br Med J 312 7039 (1996) 1128-1131
96. Zhang Y., Holford T.R., Leaderer B., Boyle P., Zhu Y., Wang R., et al. Ultraviolet radiation exposure and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Am J Epidemiol 165 11 (2007) 1255-1264
97. Hartge P., Devesa S.S., Grauman D., Fears T.R., and Fraumeni Jr. J.F. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and sunlight. J Natl Cancer Inst 88 5 (1996) 298-300
98. Hughes A.M., Armstrong B.K., Vajdic C.M., Turner J., Grulich A.E., Fritschi L., et al. Sun exposure may protect against non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case-control study. Int J Cancer 112 5 (2004) 865-871
99. Chang E.T., Balter K.M., Torrang A., Smedby K.E., Melbye M., Sundstrom C., et al. Nutrient intake and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Am J Epidemiol 164 12 (2006) 1222-1232
100. Bouillon R., Okamura W.H., and Norman A.W. Structure-function relationships in the vitamin D endocrine system. Endocr Rev 16 2 (1995) 200-257
101. Feskanich D., Ma J., Fuchs C.S., Kirkner G.J., Hankinson S.E., Hollis B.W., et al. Plasma vitamin D metabolites and risk of colorectal cancer in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 13 9 (2004) 1502-1508
102. Tangrea J., Helzlsouer K., Pietinen P., Taylor P., Hollis B., Virtamo J., et al. Serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and the subsequent risk of colon and rectal cancer in Finnish men. Cancer Causes Control 8 4 (1997) 615-625
103. Freedman D.M., Looker A.C., Chang S.C., and Graubard B.I. Prospective study of serum vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 99 21 (2007) 1594-1602
104. Bertone-Johnson E.R., Chen W.Y., Holick M.F., Hollis B.W., Colditz G.A., Willett W.C., et al. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14 8 (2005) 1991-1997
105. Hiatt R.A., Krieger N., Lobaugh B., Drezner M.K., Vogelman J.H., and Orentreich N. Prediagnostic serum vitamin D and breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 90 6 (1998) 461-463
106. Ahonen M.H., Tenkanen L., Teppo L., Hakama M., and Tuohimaa P. Prostate cancer risk and prediagnostic serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (Finland). Cancer Causes Control 11 9 (2000) 847-852
107. Corder E.H., Guess H.A., Hulka B.S., Friedman G.D., Sadler M., Vollmer R.T., et al. Vitamin D and prostate cancer: a prediagnostic study with stored sera. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2 5 (1993) 467-472
108. Ahn J., Peters U., Albanes D., Purdue M.P., Abnet C.C., Chatterjee N., et al. Serum vitamin D concentration and prostate cancer risk: a nested case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 100 11 (2008) 796-804
109. Lim U., Freedman D.M., Hollis B.W., Horst R.L., Purdue M.P., Chatterjee N., et al. A prospective investigation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of lymphoid cancers. Int J Cancer 124 4 (2009) 979-986
110. Stolzenberg-Solomon R.Z., Vieth R., Azad A., Pietinen P., Taylor P.R., Virtamo J., et al. A prospective nested case-control study of vitamin D status and pancreatic cancer risk in male smokers. Cancer Res 66 20 (2006) 10213-10219
111. Ernster V.L. Nested case-control studies. Prev Med 23 5 (1994) 587-590
112. Abnet C.C., Chen W., Dawsey S.M., Wei W.Q., Roth M.J., Liu B., et al. Serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentration and risk of esophageal squamous dysplasia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16 9 (2007) 1889-1893
113. Chen W., Dawsey S.M., Qiao Y.L., Mark S.D., Dong Z.W., Taylor P.R., et al. Prospective study of serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentration and risk of oesophageal and gastric cancers. Br J Cancer 97 1 (2007) 123-128
114. Christofori G., and Semb H. The role of the cell-adhesion molecule E-cadherin as a tumour-suppressor gene. Trends Biochem Sci 24 2 (1999) 73-76
115. van der Wurff A.A., Vermeulen S.J., van der Linden E.P., Mareel M.M., Bosman F.T., and Arends J.W. Patterns of alpha- and beta-catenin and E-cadherin expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. J Pathol 182 3 (1997) 325-330
116. Rohde F., Rimkus C., Friederichs J., Rosenberg R., Marthen C., Doll D., et al. Expression of osteopontin, a target gene of de-regulated Wnt signaling, predicts survival in colon cancer. Int J Cancer 121 8 (2007) 1717-1723
117. Pinsky P.F., Schoen R.E., Weissfeld J.L., Church T., Yokochi L.A., Doria-Rose V.P., et al. The yield of surveillance colonoscopy by adenoma history and time to examination. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol (2008)
118. Wei W.Q., Abnet C.C., Lu N., Roth M.J., Wang G.Q., Dye B.A., et al. Risk factors for oesophageal squamous dysplasia in adult inhabitants of a high risk region of China. Gut 54 6 (2005) 759-763
119. Santos-Garcia A., Abad-Hernandez M.M., Fonseca-Sanchez E., Julian-Gonzalez R., Galindo-Villardon P., Cruz-Hernandez J.J., et al. E-cadherin, laminin and collagen IV expression in the evolution from dysplasia to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 11 2 (2006) E100-E105
120. Devoll R.E., Li W., Woods K.V., Pinero G.J., Butler W.T., Farach-Carson M.C., et al. (OPN) distribution in premalignant and malignant lesions of oral epithelium and expression in cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. J Oral Pathol Med 28 3 (1999) 97-101
121. Van Heek N.T., Maitra A., Koopmann J., Fedarko N., Jain A., Rahman A., et al. Gene expression profiling identifies markers of ampullary adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 3 7 (2004) 651-656
122. Perl A.K., Wilgenbus P., Dahl U., Semb H., and Christofori G. A causal role for E-cadherin in the transition from adenoma to carcinoma. Nature 392 6672 (1998) 190-193
123. Rubin M.A., Mucci N.R., Figurski J., Fecko A., Pienta K.J., and Day M.L. E-cadherin expression in prostate cancer: a broad survey using high-density tissue microarray technology. Hum Pathol 32 7 (2001) 690-697
124. Castellano G., Malaponte G., Mazzarino M.C., Figini M., Marchese F., Gangemi P., et al. Activation of the osteopontin/matrix metalloproteinase-9 pathway correlates with prostate cancer progression. Clin Cancer Res 14 22 (2008) 7470-7480
125. Yamada S., Yamamoto K., Masuno H., and Choi M. Three-dimensional structure-function relationship of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor model. Steroids 66 3-5 (2001) 177-187
126. Deeb K.K., Trump D.L., Johnson C.S., and Vitamin. D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics. Nat Rev Cancer 7 9 (2007) 684-700