G1 phase: Components, conundrums, context

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation

Volumn 42, Issue , 2006, Pages 1-29

  Moeller, Stephanie J ^a   Sheaff, Robert J ^b  

^a 3 M Center   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE; CYCLINE;

ANIMAL; CELL CYCLE G1 PHASE; MOUSE; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; CYCLINS; G1 PHASE; MICE;

EID: 33748370059     PISSN: 00801844     EISSN: 18610412     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/b136683     Document Type: Article

References (120)

1. ras mutants and c-Ets-2 activate the cyclin D1 promoter through distinguishable regions. J Biol Chem 270:23589-23597
2. Alberts B, Bray D, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson J (1994) Molecular biology of the cell. Garland Publishing, New York
3. Bartek J, Bartkova J, Lukas J (1996) The retinoblastoma protein pathway and the restriction point. Curr Opin Cell Biol 8:805-814
4. Cdh1 ubiquitin ligase. Nature 428:190-193
5. Kip1 modulates cell migration through the regulation of RhoA activation. Genes Dev 18:862-876
6. Berthet C, Aleem E, Coppola V, Tessarollo L, Kaldis P (2003) Cdk2 knockout mice are viable. Curr Biol 13:1775-1785
7. Blagosklonny MV, Pardee AB (2002) The restriction point of the cell cycle. Cell Cycle 1:103-110
8. Buchkovich K, Duffy LA, Harlow E (1989) The retinoblastoma protein is phosphorylated during specific phases of the cell cycle. Cell 58:1097-1105
9. Burdon T, Smith A, Savatier P (2002) Signalling, cell cycle and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells. Trends Cell Biol 12:432-438
10. Campisi J, Medrano EE, Morreo G, Pardee AB (1982) Restriction point control of cell growth by a labile protein: Evidence for increased stability in transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:436-440
11. Chen PL, Scully P, Shew JY, Wang JY, Lee WH (1989) Phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product is modulated during the cell cycle and cellular differentiation. Cell 58:1193-1198
12. Ciemerych MA, Kenney AM, Sicinska E, Kalaszczynska I, Bronson RT, Rowitch DH, Gardner H, Sicinski P (2002) Development of mice expressing a single D-type cyclin. Genes Dev 16:3277-3289
13. Clarke AR, Maandag ER, van Roon M, van der Lugt NM, van der Valk M, Hooper ML, Berns A, te Riele H (1992) Requirement for a functional Rb-1 gene in murine development. Nature 359:328-330
14. Clurman BE, Sheaff RJ, Thress K, Groudine M, Roberts JM (1996) Turnover of cyclin E by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is regulated by Cdk2 binding and cyclin phosphorylation. Genes Dev 10:1979-1990
15. Kip1-deficient cells. Curr Biol 9:163-173
16. Conlon I, Raff M (2003) Differences in the way a mammalian cell and yeast cells coordinate cell growth and cell-cycle progression. J Biol 2:7
17. Contreras A, Hale TK, Stenoien DL, Rosen JM, Mancini MA, Herrera RE (2003) The dynamic mobility of histone H1 is regulated by cyclin/Cdk phosphorylation. Mol Cell Biol 23:8626-8636
18. Coverley D, Laman H, Laskey RA (2002) Distinct roles for cyclins E and A during DNA replication complex assembly and activation. Nat Cell Biol 4:523-528
19. Datar SA, Jacobs HW, de la Cruz AF, Lehner CF, Edgar BA (2000) The Drosophila cyclin D-Cdk4 complex promotes cellular growth. Embo J 19:4543-4554
20. De Bondt HL, Rosenblatt J, Jancarik J, Jones HD, Morgan DO, Kim SH (1993) Crystal structure of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. Nature 363:595-602
21. DePamphilis ML (2003) The "ORC cycle": A novel pathway for regulating eukaryotic DNA replication. Gene 310:1-15
22. Diehl JA, Zindy F, Sherr CJ (1997) Inhibition of cyclin D1 phosphorylation on threonine-286 prevents its rapid degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Genes Dev 11:957-972
23. Diffley JF, Labib K (2002) The chromosome replication cycle. J Cell Sci 115:869-872
24. Dolznig H, Grebien F, Sauer T, Beug H, Mullner EW (2004) Evidence for a size-sensing mechanism in animal cells. Nat Cell Biol 6:899-905
25. Dynlacht BD, Flores O, Lees JA, Harlow E (1994) Differential regulation of E2F transactivation by cyclin/Cdk2 complexes. Genes Dev 8:1772-1786
26. Evans T, Rosenthal ET, Youngblom J, Distel D, Hunt T (1983) Cyclin: A protein specified by maternal mRNA in sea urchin eggs that is destroyed at each cleavage division. Cell 33:389-396
27. Fantl V, Stamp G, Andrews A, Rosewell I, Dickson C (1995) Mice lacking cyclin D1 are small and show defects in eye and mammary gland development. Genes Dev 9:2364-2372
28. Fay DS, Han M (2000) Mutations in cye-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans cyclin E homolog, reveal coordination between cell-cycle control and vulval development. Development 127:4049-4060
29. Kip1_deficient mice. Cell 85:733-744
30. Kip1 is haplo-insufficient for tumour suppression. Nature 396:177-180
31. Flemming W (1965) Contributions to the knowledge of the cell and its vital processes. J Cell Biol 25:1-69
32. Follette PJ, O'Farrell PH (1997) Connecting cell behavior to patterning: lessons from the cell cycle. Cell 88:309-314
33. Follette PJ, Duronio RJ, O'Farrell PH (1998) Fluctuations in cyclin E levels are required for multiple rounds of endocycle S phase in Drosophila. Curr Biol 8:235-238
34. Friend SH, Horowitz JM, Gerber MR, Wang XF, Bogenmann E, Li FP, Weinberg RA (1987) Deletions of a DNA sequence in retinoblastomas and mesenchymal tumors: Organization of the sequence and its encoded protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:9059-9063
35. Frolov MV, Dyson NJ (2004) Molecular mechanisms of E2F-dependent activation and pRB-mediated repression. J Cell Sci 117:2173-2181
36. Frost JA, Alberts AS, Sontag E, Guan K, Mumby MC, Feramisco JR (1994) Simian virus 40 small t antigen cooperates with mitogen-activated kinases to stimulate AP-1 activity. Mol Cell Biol 14:6244-6252
37. Geng Y, Whoriskey W, Park MY, Bronson RT, Medema RH, Li T, Weinberg RA, Sicinski P (1999) Rescue of cyclin D1 deficiency by knockin cyclin E. Cell 97:767-777
38. Geng Y, Yu Q, Whoriskey W, Dick F, Tsai KY, Ford HL, Biswas DK, Pardee AB, Amati B, Jacks T, Richardson A, Dyson N, Sicinski P (2001) Expression of cyclins E1 and E2 during mouse development and in neoplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:13138-13143
39. Geng Y, Yu Q, Sicinska E, Das M, Schneider JE, Bhattacharya S, Rideout WM, Bronson RT, Gardner H, Sicinski P (2003) Cyclin E ablation in the mouse. Cell 114:431-443
40. Harbour JW, Dean DC (2000) The Rb/E2F pathway: Expanding roles and emerging paradigms. Genes Dev 14:2393-2409
41. Hartwell LH, Mortimer RK, Culotti J, Culotti M (1973) Genetic control of the cell division cycle in yeast: Genetic analysis of cdc mutants. Genetics 74:267-286
42. Hartwell LH (1974) Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle. Bacteriol Rev 38:164-198
43. Hartwell LH, Weinert TA (1989) Checkpoints: Controls that ensure the order of cell cycle events. Science 246:629-634
44. Hatakeyama M, Herrera RA, Makela T, Dowdy SF, Jacks T, Weinberg RA (1994) The cancer cell and the cell cycle clock. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 59:1-10
45. Herrera RE, Sah VP, Williams BO, Makela TP, Weinberg RA, Jacks T (1996) Altered cell cycle kinetics, gene expression, and G1 restriction point regulation in Rb-deficient fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol 16:2402-2407
46. Hinchcliffe EH, Li C, Thompson EA, Maller JL, Sluder G (1999) Requirement of Cdk2-cyclin E activity for repeated centrosome reproduction in Xenopus egg extracts. Science 283:851-854
47. Jacks T, Fazeli A, Schmitt EM, Bronson RT, Goodell MA, Weinberg RA (1992) Effects of an Rb mutation in the mouse. Nature 359:295-300
48. Kastan MB, Bartek J (2004) Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer. Nature 432:316-323
49. Kip1. Cell 85:721-732
50. Knoblich JA, Sauer K, Jones L, Richardson H, Saint R, Lehner CF (1994) Cyclin E controls S phase progression and its down-regulation during Drosophila embryogenesis is required for the arrest of cell proliferation. Cell 77:107-120
51. Kohn MJ, Leung SW, Criniti V, Agromayor M, Yamasaki L (2004) Dp1 is largely dispensable for embryonic development. Mol Cell Biol 24:7197-7205
52. Kozar K, Ciemerych MA, Rebel VI, Shigematsu H, Zagozdzon A, Sicinska E, Geng Y, Yu Q, Bhattacharya S, Bronson RT, Akashi K, Sicinski P (2004) Mouse development and cell proliferation in the absence of D-cyclins. Cell 118:477-491
53. Lee EY, Chang CY, Hu N, Wang YC, Lai CC, Herrup K, Lee WH, Bradley A (1992) Mice deficient for Rb are nonviable and show defects in neurogenesis and haematopoiesis. Nature 359:288-294
54. Liu H, Dibling B, Spike B, Dirlam A, Macleod K (2004) New roles for the RB tumor suppressor protein. Curr Opin Genet Dev 14:55-64
55. Lohka MJ, Hayes MK, Maller JL (1988) Purification of maturation-promoting factor, an intracellular regulator of early mitotic events. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:3009-3013
56. Lukas J, Bartkova J, Rohde M, Strauss M, Bartek J (1995) Cyclin D1 is dispensable for G1 control in retinoblastoma gene-deficient cells independently of Cdk4 activity. Mol Cell Biol 15:2600-2611
57. Kip1 in G1 and S phase. Nature 413:323-327
58. Malumbres M, Sotillo R, Santamaria D, Galan J, Cerezo A, Ortega S, Dubus P, Barbacid M (2004) Mammalian cells cycle without the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk4 and Cdk6. Cell 118:493-504
59. Masui Y, Markert CL (1971) Cytoplasmic control of nuclear behavior during meiotic maturation of frog oocytes. J Exp Zool 177:129-145
60. Matsushime H, Ewen ME, Strom DK, Kato JY, Hanks SK, Roussel MF, Sherr CJ (1992) Identification and properties of an atypical catalytic subunit (p34PSK-J3/cdk4) for mammalian D type G1 cyclins. Cell 71:323-334
61. Matsuura I, Denissova NG, Wang G, He D, Long J, Liu F (2004) Cyclin-dependent kinases regulate the antiproliferative function of Smads. Nature 430:226-231
62. Mendez J, Stillman B (2000) Chromatin association of human origin recognition complex, cdc6, and minichromosome maintenance proteins during the cell cycle: Assembly of prereplication complexes in late mitosis. Mol Cell Biol 20:8602-8612
63. Meyer CA, Jacobs HW, Lehner CF (2002) Cyclin D-Cdk4 is not a master regulator of cell multiplication in Drosophila embryos. Curr Biol 12:661-666
64. Meyerson M, Enders GH, Wu CL, Su LK, Gorka C, Nelson C, Harlow E, Tsai LH (1992) A family of human cdc2-related protein kinases. EMBO J 11:2909-2917
65. Mitchison JM (1971) The biology of the cell cycle. Cambridge University Press, London
66. Kip1 inhibition of GRB2-SOS formation can regulate Ras activation. Mol Cell Biol 23:3735-3752
67. Moons DS, Jirawatnotai S, Parlow AF, Gibori G, Kineman RD, Kiyokawa H (2002) Pituitary hypoplasia and lactotroph dysfunction in mice deficient for cyclin-dependent kinase-4. Endocrinology 143:3001-3008
68. Morgan DO (1995) Principles of Cdk regulation. Nature 374:131-134
69. Murrary A, Hunt T (1993) The cell cycle: An introduction. Freeman New York
70. Murray AW (2004) Recycling the cell cycle: Cyclins revisited. Cell 116:221-234
71. Murray AW, Solomon MJ, Kirschner MW (1989) The role of cyclin synthesis and degradation in the control of maturation promoting factor activity. Nature 339:280-286
72. Kip1 display increased body size, multiple organ hyperplasia, retinal dysplasia, and pituitary tumors. Cell 85:707-720
73. Nasmyth K (2001) A prize for proliferation. Cell 107:689-701
74. Neufeld TP, Edgar BA (1998) Connections between growth and the cell cycle. Curr Opin Cell Biol 10:784-790
75. Nurse P (1975) Genetic control of cell size at cell division in yeast. Nature 256:547-551
76. Nurse P (1990) Universal control mechanism regulating onset of M-phase. Nature 344:503-508
77. Nurse P (2000a) The incredible life and times of biological cells. Science 289:1711-1716
78. Nurse P (2000b) A long twentieth century of the cell cycle and beyond. Cell 100:71-78
79. Nurse P, Thuriaux P, Nasmyth K (1976) Genetic control of the cell division cycle in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Gen Genet 146:167-178
80. Ohtani K, DeGregori J, Nevins JR (1995) Regulation of the cyclin E gene by transcription factor E2F1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:12146-12150
81. Ortega S, Prieto I, Odajima J, Martin A, Dubus P, Sotillo R, Barbero JL, Malumbres M, Barbacid M (2003) Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 is essential for meiosis but not for mitotic cell division in mice. Nat Genet 35:25-31
82. Pagano M, Jackson PK (2004) Wagging the dogma; tissue-specific cell cycle control in the mouse embryo. Cell 118:535-538
83. Pardee AB (1974) A restriction point for control of normal animal cell proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71:1286-1290
84. Pardee AB (1989) G1 events and regulation of cell proliferation. Science 246:603-608
85. Parisi T, Beck AR, Rougier N, McNeil T, Lucian L, Werb Z, Amati B (2003) Cyclins E1 and E2 are required for endoreplication in placental trophoblast giant cells. Embo J 22:4794-4803
86. Reynisdottir I, Polyak K, Iavarone A, Massague J (1995) Kip/Cip and Ink4 Cdk inhibitors cooperate to induce cell cycle arrest in response to TGF-beta. Genes Dev 9:1831-1845
87. Richardson HE, Wittenberg C, Cross F, Reed SI (1989) An essential G1 function for cyclin-like proteins in yeast. Cell 59:1127-1133
88. Roberts JM, Koff A, Polyak K, Firpo E, Collins S, Ohtsubo M, Massague J (1994) Cyclins, Cdks, and cyclin kinase inhibitors. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 59:31-38
89. Roussel MF, Theodoras AM, Pagano M, Sherr CJ (1995) Rescue of defective mitogenic signaling by D-type cyclins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:6837-6841
90. Russo AA, Jeffrey PD, Patten AK, Massague J, Pavletich NP (1996) Crystal structure of the p27Kip1 cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitor bound to the cyclin A-Cdk2 complex. Nature 382:325-331
91. Rupes I (2002) Checking cell size in yeast. Trends Genet 18:479-485
92. Saucedo LJ, Edgar BA (2002) Why size matters: Altering cell size. Curr Opin Genet Dev 12:565-571
93. Kip1. Genes Dev 11:1464-1478
94. Sherr CJ (1994) G1 phase progression: Cycling on cue. Cell 79:551-555
95. Sherr CJ, Roberts JM (1995) Inhibitors of mammalian G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Genes Dev 9:1149-1163
96. Sherr CJ, Roberts JM (1999) Cdk inhibitors: Positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression. Genes Dev 13:1501-1512
97. Sherr CJ, Roberts JM (2004) Living with or without cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Genes Dev 18:2699-2711
98. Sicinska E, Aifantis I, Le Cam L, Swat W, Borowski C, Yu Q, Ferrando AA, Levin SD, Geng Y, von Boehmer H, Sicinski P (2003) Requirement for cyclin D3 in lymphocyte development and T cell leukemias. Cancer Cell 4:451-461
99. Sicinski P, Donaher JL, Geng Y, Parker SB, Gardner H, Park MY, Robker RL, Richards JS, McGinnis LK, Biggers JD, Eppig JJ, Bronson RT, Elledge SJ, Weinberg RA (1996) Cyclin D2 is an FSH-responsive gene involved in gonadal cell proliferation and oncogenesis. Nature 384:470-474
100. Solvason N, Wu WW, Parry D, Mahony D, Lam EW, Glassford J, Klaus GG, Sicinski P, Weinberg R, Liu YJ, Howard M, Lees E (2000) Cyclin D2 is essential for BCR-mediated proliferation and CD5 B cell development. Int Immunol 12:631-638
101. Stevaux O, Dyson NJ (2002) A revised picture of the E2F transcriptional network and RB function. Curr Opin Cell Biol 14:684-691
102. Su TT, O'Farrell PH (1998a) Chromosome association of minichromosome maintenance proteins in Drosophila endoreplication cycles. J Cell Biol 140:451-460
103. Su TT, O'Farrell PH (1998b) Size control: Cell proliferation does not equal growth. Curr Biol 8:R687-R689
104. Takaki T, Fukasawa K, Suzuki-Takahashi I, Hirai H (2004) Cdk-mediated phosphorylation of pRB regulates HDAC binding in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 316:252-255
105. Tetsu O, McCormick F (2003) Proliferation of cancer cells despite Cdk2 inhibition. Cancer Cell 3:233-245
106. Trimarchi JM, Lees JA (2002) Sibling rivalry in the E2F family. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:11-20
107. Tsai KY, Hu Y, Macleod KF, Crowley D, Yamasaki L, Jacks T (1998) Mutation of E2f-1 suppresses apoptosis and inappropriate S phase entry and extends survival of Rb-deficient mouse embryos. Mol Cell 2:293-304
108. Kip1 activity. Mol Cell Biol 19:7011-7019
109. Skp2 complex through phosphorylated Thr187 in p27. Curr Biol 9:661-664
110. van den Heuvel S, Harlow E (1993) Distinct roles for cyclin-dependent kinases in cell cycle control. Science 262:2050-2054
111. Weinberg RA (1995) The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control. Cell 81:323-330
112. White RJ (2004) RNA polymerase III transcription and cancer. Oncogene 23:3208-3216
113. Winston JT, Pledger WJ (1993) Growth factor regulation of cyclin D1 mRNA expression through protein synthesis-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Mol Biol Cell 4:1133-1144
114. Woo RA, Poon RY (2003) Cyclin-dependent kinases and S phase control in mammalian cells. Cell Cycle 2:316-324
115. Wu L, Timmers C, Maiti B, Saavedra HI, Sang L, Chong GT, Nuckolls F, Giangrande P, Wright FA, Field SJ, Greenberg ME, Orkin S, Nevins JR, Robinson ML, Leone G (2001) The E2F1-3 transcription factors are essential for cellular proliferation. Nature 414:457-462
116. Wu L, de Bruin A, Saavedra HI, Starovic M, Trimboli A, Yang Y, Opavska J, Wilson P, Thompson JC, Ostrowski MC, Rosol TJ, Woollett LA, Weinstein M, Cross JC, Robinson ML, Leone G (2003) Extra-embryonic function of Rb is essential for embryonic development and viability. Nature 421:942-947
117. Ye X, Zhu C, Harper JW (2001) A premature-termination mutation in the Mus musculus cyclin-dependent kinase 3 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:1682-1686
118. Zetterberg A, Larsson O (1985) Kinetic analysis of regulatory events in G1 leading to proliferation or quiescence of Swiss 3T3 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:5365-5369
119. Zetterberg A, Larsson O (1991) Coordination between cell growth and cell cycle transit in animal cells. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 56:137-147
120. Zetterberg A, Engstrom W, Larsson O (1982) Growth activation of resting cells: Induction of balanced and imbalanced growth. Ann N Y Acad Sci 397:130-147