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1
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0030945787
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DNA enzymes
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This essay compares the chemical and structural features of protein, RNA and DNA, providing an assessment of the catalytic potential of DNA and its implications for biocatalysis
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Breaker RR: DNA enzymes. Nat Biotechnol 1997, 15:427-431. This essay compares the chemical and structural features of protein, RNA and DNA, providing an assessment of the catalytic potential of DNA and its implications for biocatalysis.
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Nat Biotechnol
, vol.15
, pp. 427-431
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Breaker, R.R.1
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3
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0030072640
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Chances and necessity in the selection of nucleic acid catalysis
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Lorsch JR, Szostak JW: Chances and necessity in the selection of nucleic acid catalysis. Accounts Chem Res 1996, 29:103-110.
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Accounts Chem Res
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Lorsch, J.R.1
Szostak, J.W.2
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4
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0000917638
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In vitro selection of catalytic polynucleotides
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Breaker RR: In vitro selection of catalytic polynucleotides. Chem Rev 1997, 97:371-390.
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(1997)
Chem Rev
, vol.97
, pp. 371-390
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Breaker, R.R.1
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5
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0028842989
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Synthetic ribozymes and the first deoxyribozyme
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Burgstaller P, Famulok M: Synthetic ribozymes and the first deoxyribozyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1995, 34:1189-1192.
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Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
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Burgstaller, P.1
Famulok, M.2
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6
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0031151976
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DNA aptamers and DNA enzymes
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Breaker RR: DNA aptamers and DNA enzymes. Curr Opin Chem Biol 1997, 1:26-31.
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(1997)
Curr Opin Chem Biol
, vol.1
, pp. 26-31
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Breaker, R.R.1
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8
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0028675028
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A DNA enzyme that cleaves RNA
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Breaker RR, Joyce GF: A DNA enzyme that cleaves RNA. Chem Biol 1994, 1:223-229.
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(1994)
Chem Biol
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Breaker, R.R.1
Joyce, G.F.2
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9
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0028983570
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2+-dependent RNA phosphoesterase activity
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2+-dependent RNA phosphoesterase activity. Chem Biol 1995, 2:655-660.
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(1995)
Chem Biol
, vol.2
, pp. 655-660
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Breaker, R.R.1
Joyce, G.F.2
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10
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0029037713
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A DNA metalloenzyme with ligase activity
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Cuenoud B, Szostak JW: A DNA metalloenzyme with ligase activity. Nature 1995, 375:611-614.
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(1995)
Nature
, vol.375
, pp. 611-614
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Cuenoud, B.1
Szostak, J.W.2
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11
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0029746712
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A catalytic DNA for porphyrin metallation
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Li Y, Sen D: A catalytic DNA for porphyrin metallation. Nat Struct Biol 1996, 3:743-747.
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(1996)
Nat Struct Biol
, vol.3
, pp. 743-747
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Li, Y.1
Sen, D.2
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12
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0030498356
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2+ ion as a cofactor for a novel RNA cleaving deoxyribozyme
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2+ ion as a cofactor for a novel RNA cleaving deoxyribozyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1996, 35:2837-2841.
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(1996)
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
, vol.35
, pp. 2837-2841
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Faulhammer, D.1
Famulok, M.2
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13
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0031556016
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Characterization and divalent metal-ion dependence of in vitro selected deoxyribozymes which cleave DNA/RNA chimeric oligonucleotides
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Faulhammer D, Famulok M: Characterization and divalent metal-ion dependence of in vitro selected deoxyribozymes which cleave DNA/RNA chimeric oligonucleotides. J Mol Biol 1997, 269:188-202.
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J Mol Biol
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Faulhammer, D.1
Famulok, M.2
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14
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0032559377
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Lanthanide probes for a phosphodiester-cleaving, lead- dependent, DNAzyme
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Geyer CR, Sen D: Lanthanide probes for a phosphodiester-cleaving, lead- dependent, DNAzyme. J Mol Biol 1998, 275:483-489.
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(1998)
J Mol Biol
, vol.275
, pp. 483-489
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Geyer, C.R.1
Sen, D.2
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15
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0027455328
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How many catalytic RNAs? Ions and the Cheshire cat conjecture
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Yarus M: How many catalytic RNAs? Ions and the Cheshire cat conjecture. FASEB J 1993, 7:31-39.
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(1993)
FASEB J
, vol.7
, pp. 31-39
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Yarus, M.1
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16
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0027183545
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Ribozymes: A distinct class of metalloenzymes
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Pyle AM: Ribozymes: A distinct class of metalloenzymes. Science 1993, 261:709-714.
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(1993)
Science
, vol.261
, pp. 709-714
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Pyle, A.M.1
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17
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0031194873
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A unique mechanism for RNA catalysis: The role of metal cofactors in hairpin ribozyme cleavage
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Hampel A, Cowan JA: A unique mechanism for RNA catalysis: The role of metal cofactors in hairpin ribozyme cleavage. Chem Biol 1997, 4:513-517.
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(1997)
Chem Biol
, vol.4
, pp. 513-517
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Hampel, A.1
Cowan, J.A.2
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18
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0031215134
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An unusual pH-independent and metal-ion-independent mechanism for hairpin ribozyme catalysis
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Nesbitt S, Hegg LA, Fedor MJ: An unusual pH-independent and metal-ion-independent mechanism for hairpin ribozyme catalysis. Chem Biol 1997, 4:619-630.
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(1997)
Chem Biol
, vol.4
, pp. 619-630
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Nesbitt, S.1
Hegg, L.A.2
Fedor, M.J.3
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19
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0030967825
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Metal ions play a passive role in the hairpin ribozyme catalysed reaction
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Young KJ, Gill F, Grasby JA: Metal ions play a passive role in the hairpin ribozyme catalysed reaction. Nucleic Acids Res 1997, 25:3760-3766.
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(1997)
Nucleic Acids Res
, vol.25
, pp. 3760-3766
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Young, K.J.1
Gill, F.2
Grasby, J.A.3
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20
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0032192761
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The hammerhead, hairpin and VS ribozymes are catalytically proficient in monovalent cations alone
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Murray JB, Seyhan AA, Walter NG. Burke JM, Scott WG: The hammerhead, hairpin and VS ribozymes are catalytically proficient in monovalent cations alone. Chem Biol 1998, 5:587-595.
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(1998)
Chem Biol
, vol.5
, pp. 587-595
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Murray, J.B.1
Seyhan, A.A.2
Walter, N.G.3
Burke, J.M.4
Scott, W.G.5
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21
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0032516471
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Unusual metal ion catalysis in an acyltransferase ribozyme
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Suga H, Cowan JA, Szostak JW: Unusual metal ion catalysis in an acyltransferase ribozyme. Biochemistry 1998, 37:10118-10125.
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(1998)
Biochemistry
, vol.37
, pp. 10118-10125
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Suga, H.1
Cowan, J.A.2
Szostak, J.W.3
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22
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0031215119
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Evidence for the metal-cofactor independence of an RNA phosphodiester-cleaving DNA enzyme
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This report describes the isolation and characterization of an RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme that does not require a divalent metal ion as a cofactor. Although definitively ruling out the participation of minute traces of divalent cations is difficult, this point has been rigorously investigated and convincingly demonstrated by the authors. The novel deoxyribozyme is capable of providing a rate enhancement for RNA transesterification that rivals that of metal-dependent ribozymes, suggesting that DNA has a significant intrinsic ability to catalyze RNA-cleavage reactions
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Geyer CR, Sen D: Evidence for the metal-cofactor independence of an RNA phosphodiester-cleaving DNA enzyme. Chem Biol 1997, 4:579-593. This report describes the isolation and characterization of an RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme that does not require a divalent metal ion as a cofactor. Although definitively ruling out the participation of minute traces of divalent cations is difficult, this point has been rigorously investigated and convincingly demonstrated by the authors. The novel deoxyribozyme is capable of providing a rate enhancement for RNA transesterification that rivals that of metal-dependent ribozymes, suggesting that DNA has a significant intrinsic ability to catalyze RNA-cleavage reactions.
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(1997)
Chem Biol
, vol.4
, pp. 579-593
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Geyer, C.R.1
Sen, D.2
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23
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0032568656
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An amino acid as a cofactor for a catalytic polynucleotide
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Four new classes of RNA-cleaving deoxyribozymes are described in this report. Three classes are active in the absence of added divalent metals, whereas the remaining deoxyribozyme requires the amino acid histidine for catalytic function. The latter deoxyribozyme promotes RNA transesterification in the presence of L-histidine with a rate enhancement of approximately one-million-fold over the uncatalyzed reaction. This finding demonstrates that amino acids and other cofactors can be used by nucleic acid enzymes to augment their otherwise limited chemical repertoire. Moreover, the histidine-dependent deoxyribozyme strongly discriminates against D-histidine and a variety of histidine analogs, indicating that DNA is also capable of performing precise molecular recognition
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Roth A, Breaker RR: An amino acid as a cofactor for a catalytic polynucleotide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998, 95:6027-6031. Four new classes of RNA-cleaving deoxyribozymes are described in this report. Three classes are active in the absence of added divalent metals, whereas the remaining deoxyribozyme requires the amino acid histidine for catalytic function. The latter deoxyribozyme promotes RNA transesterification in the presence of L-histidine with a rate enhancement of approximately one-million-fold over the uncatalyzed reaction. This finding demonstrates that amino acids and other cofactors can be used by nucleic acid enzymes to augment their otherwise limited chemical repertoire. Moreover, the histidine-dependent deoxyribozyme strongly discriminates against D-histidine and a variety of histidine analogs, indicating that DNA is also capable of performing precise molecular recognition.
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(1998)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.95
, pp. 6027-6031
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Roth, A.1
Breaker, R.R.2
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24
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0030968710
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Mechanistic aspects of enzymatic catalysis: Lessons from comparison of RNA and protein enzymes
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A comprehensive and insightful discussion relating to the catalytic mechanisms of protein and nucleic acid enzymes. Many of the concepts presented in this review pertain to the catalytic potential of DNA
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Narlikar GJ, Herschlag D: Mechanistic aspects of enzymatic catalysis: Lessons from comparison of RNA and protein enzymes. Annu Rev Biochem 1997, 66:19-59. A comprehensive and insightful discussion relating to the catalytic mechanisms of protein and nucleic acid enzymes. Many of the concepts presented in this review pertain to the catalytic potential of DNA.
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(1997)
Annu Rev Biochem
, vol.66
, pp. 19-59
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Narlikar, G.J.1
Herschlag, D.2
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25
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0030963855
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RNA-catalysed carbon-carbon bond formation
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Tarasow TM, Tarasow SL, Eaton BE: RNA-catalysed carbon-carbon bond formation. Nature 1997, 389:54-57.
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(1997)
Nature
, vol.389
, pp. 54-57
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Tarasow, T.M.1
Tarasow, S.L.2
Eaton, B.E.3
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27
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0031151974
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The joys of in vitro selection: Chemically dressing oligonucleotides to satiate protein targets
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Eaton BE: The joys of in vitro selection: Chemically dressing oligonucleotides to satiate protein targets. Curr Opin Chem Biol 1997, 1:10-16.
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(1997)
Curr Opin Chem Biol
, vol.1
, pp. 10-16
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Eaton, B.E.1
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28
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0032476840
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Expanding the potential of DNA for binding and catalysis: Highly functionalized dUTP derivatives that are substrates for thermostable DNA polymerases
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The authors established a chemical system whereby diverse combinations of functional groups can be introduced into DNA. With the incorporation of additional chemical modifications, the structural and functional diversity are sure to be enhanced
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Sakthivel K, Barbas CF III: Expanding the potential of DNA for binding and catalysis: Highly functionalized dUTP derivatives that are substrates for thermostable DNA polymerases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1998, 37:2872-2875. The authors established a chemical system whereby diverse combinations of functional groups can be introduced into DNA. With the incorporation of additional chemical modifications, the structural and functional diversity are sure to be enhanced.
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(1998)
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
, vol.37
, pp. 2872-2875
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Sakthivel, K.1
Barbas C.F. III2
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30
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0030898510
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A general-purpose RNA-cleaving DNA enzyme
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A small, but highly efficient deoxyribozyme was isolated that can be engineered to cleave pyrimidine-purine junctions in almost any RNA sequence. The catalytic core of the deoxyribozyme consists of only 15 nucleotides, flanked by two sequence domains that bind the RNA substrate through Watson-Crick base pairing (see Figure 2). The 10-23 deoxyribozyme is a promising candidate for development as a designer endoribonuclease for both in vitro and in vivo applications
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Santoro SW, Joyce GF: A general-purpose RNA-cleaving DNA enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997, 94:4262-4266. A small, but highly efficient deoxyribozyme was isolated that can be engineered to cleave pyrimidine-purine junctions in almost any RNA sequence. The catalytic core of the deoxyribozyme consists of only 15 nucleotides, flanked by two sequence domains that bind the RNA substrate through Watson-Crick base pairing (see Figure 2). The 10-23 deoxyribozyme is a promising candidate for development as a designer endoribonuclease for both in vitro and in vivo applications.
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(1997)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.94
, pp. 4262-4266
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Santoro, S.W.1
Joyce, G.F.2
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31
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0032558463
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Mechanism and utility of an RNA-cleaving DNA enzyme
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The authors provide a detailed kinetic examination of the 10-23 deoxyribozyme. This work establishes a foundation for its possible utilization as a highly specific RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme. This work establishes a foundation for its possible utilization as a highly specific RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme
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Santoro SW, Joyce GF: Mechanism and utility of an RNA-cleaving DNA enzyme. Biochemistry 1998, 37:13330-13342. The authors provide a detailed kinetic examination of the 10-23 deoxyribozyme. This work establishes a foundation for its possible utilization as a highly specific RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme.
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(1998)
Biochemistry
, vol.37
, pp. 13330-13342
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Santoro, S.W.1
Joyce, G.F.2
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32
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0032952507
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Crystal structure of an 82-nucleotide RNA-DNA complex formed by the 10-23 DNA enzyme
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The authors describe the atomic resolution structure of the largest DNA complex reported to date. Unfortunately, the Holliday-junction-like complex, formed by two RNA substrates and two deoxyribozymes, does not reflect the active structure of the 10-23 deoxyribozyme. The model does, however, provide a glimpse of the level of structural complexity that can be achieved by DNA
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Nowakowski J, Shim PJ, Prasad GS, Stout CD, Joyce GF: Crystal structure of an 82-nucleotide RNA-DNA complex formed by the 10-23 DNA enzyme. Nat Struct Biol 1999, 6:151-156. The authors describe the atomic resolution structure of the largest DNA complex reported to date. Unfortunately, the Holliday-junction-like complex, formed by two RNA substrates and two deoxyribozymes, does not reflect the active structure of the 10-23 deoxyribozyme. The model does, however, provide a glimpse of the level of structural complexity that can be achieved by DNA.
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(1999)
Nat Struct Biol
, vol.6
, pp. 151-156
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Nowakowski, J.1
Shim, P.J.2
Prasad, G.S.3
Stout, C.D.4
Joyce, G.F.5
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33
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0032527839
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Effects of helical structures formed by the binding arms of DNAzymes and their substrates on catalytic activity
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Ota N, Warashina M, Hirano K, Hatanaka K, Taira K: Effects of helical structures formed by the binding arms of DNAzymes and their substrates on catalytic activity. Nucleic Acids Res 1998, 26:3385-3391.
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Nucleic Acids Res
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Ota, N.1
Warashina, M.2
Hirano, K.3
Hatanaka, K.4
Taira, K.5
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34
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0031937080
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2+ on complex formation between a deoxyribozyme and its substrates
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2+ on complex formation between a deoxyribozyme and its substrates. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1998, 17:565-574.
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Nucleosides Nucleotides
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Sugimoto, N.1
Wakizaka, N.2
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35
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0030954291
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Towards an efficient DNAzyme
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A detailed kinetic analysis of catalysis by a porphyrin-metalating DNA enzyme is given. In addition, a direct comparison of the enzymatic parameters for the corresponding protein and RNA enzymes is made, revealing that the three enzyme formats provide similar catalytic rate enhancements
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Li Y, Sen D: Towards an efficient DNAzyme. Biochemistry 1997, 36:5589-5599. A detailed kinetic analysis of catalysis by a porphyrin-metalating DNA enzyme is given. In addition, a direct comparison of the enzymatic parameters for the corresponding protein and RNA enzymes is made, revealing that the three enzyme formats provide similar catalytic rate enhancements.
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(1997)
Biochemistry
, vol.36
, pp. 5589-5599
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Li, Y.1
Sen, D.2
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36
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0008940546
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Reaction field for efficient porphyrin metallation catalysis by self-assembly of a short DNA oligonucleotide
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Sugimoto N, Toda T, Ohmichi T: Reaction field for efficient porphyrin metallation catalysis by self-assembly of a short DNA oligonucleotide. Chem Commun 1998:1533-1534.
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Chem Commun
, pp. 1533-1534
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Sugimoto, N.1
Toda, T.2
Ohmichi, T.3
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Recognition of anionic porphyrins by DNA aptamers
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Li Y, Geyer CR, Sen D: Recognition of anionic porphyrins by DNA aptamers. Biochemistry 1996, 35:6911-6922.
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Biochemistry
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Li, Y.1
Geyer, C.R.2
Sen, D.3
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Antibody-catalysed porphyrin metallation
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Cochran AG, Schultz PG: Antibody-catalysed porphyrin metallation. Science 1990, 249:781-783.
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Porphyrin metalation catalyzed by a small RNA molecule
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Conn MM, Prudent JR, Schultz PG: Porphyrin metalation catalyzed by a small RNA molecule. J Am Chem Soc 1996, 118:7012-7013.
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Conn, M.M.1
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40
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0031931019
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The modus operandi of a DNA enzyme: Enhancement of substrate basicity
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The complex formed between a porphyrin-metalating deoxyribozyme and a planar porphyrin substrate was investigated using spectroscopic methods. The deoxyribozyme-bound porphyrin substrate exhibits a UV visible absorption pattern that is different from that of free substrate porphyrin, but, instead, resembles that of the distorted porphyrin used to derive the original DNA aptamer. It was further revealed that the deoxyribozyme increases the basicity of the bound porphyrin substrate by 3-4 pH units in order to ease the metalation reaction
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Li Y, Sen D: The modus operandi of a DNA enzyme: Enhancement of substrate basicity. Chem Biol 1998, 5:1-12. The complex formed between a porphyrin-metalating deoxyribozyme and a planar porphyrin substrate was investigated using spectroscopic methods. The deoxyribozyme-bound porphyrin substrate exhibits a UV visible absorption pattern that is different from that of free substrate porphyrin, but, instead, resembles that of the distorted porphyrin used to derive the original DNA aptamer. It was further revealed that the deoxyribozyme increases the basicity of the bound porphyrin substrate by 3-4 pH units in order to ease the metalation reaction.
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Chem Biol
, vol.5
, pp. 1-12
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Li, Y.1
Sen, D.2
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41
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0032169981
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DNA-enhanced peroxidase activity of a DNA aptamer-hemin complex
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Similar to the porphyrin-metalating catalytic antibody [38], the PS2.M deoxyribozyme has dual catalytic activity for porphyrin metalation and heminassisted peroxidation. Although modest in catalytic rate enhancement, the findings demonstrate that similar catalytic functions could be achieved by nucleic acid enzymes
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Travascio P, Li Y, Sen D: DNA-enhanced peroxidase activity of a DNA aptamer-hemin complex. Chem Biol 1998, 5:505-517. Similar to the porphyrin-metalating catalytic antibody [38], the PS2.M deoxyribozyme has dual catalytic activity for porphyrin metalation and heminassisted peroxidation. Although modest in catalytic rate enhancement, the findings demonstrate that similar catalytic functions could be achieved by nucleic acid enzymes.
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(1998)
Chem Biol
, vol.5
, pp. 505-517
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Travascio, P.1
Li, Y.2
Sen, D.3
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42
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0030482173
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In vitro selection of self-cleaving DNAs
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Carmi N, Shultz LA, Breaker RR: In vitro selection of self-cleaving DNAs. Chem Biol 1996, 3:1039-1046.
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Chem Biol
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Breaker, R.R.3
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43
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0032478096
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Cleaving DNA with DNA
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2+-dependent deoxyribozyme. This class II self-cleaving DNA can be engineered to perform like an artificial restriction enzyme and can be made to cleave single-stranded DNAs of a defined sequence. Interestingly, the deoxyribozyme uses both duplex and triplex DNA structures to recognize and position DNA target sequences
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2+-dependent deoxyribozyme. This class II self-cleaving DNA can be engineered to perform like an artificial restriction enzyme and can be made to cleave single-stranded DNAs of a defined sequence. Interestingly, the deoxyribozyme uses both duplex and triplex DNA structures to recognize and position DNA target sequences.
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(1998)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.95
, pp. 2233-2237
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Carmi, N.1
Balkhi, S.R.2
Breaker, R.R.3
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46
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0032481372
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Spontaneous hydrolysis of ionized phosphate monoesters and diesters and the proficiencies of phosphatases and phosphodiesterases as catalysts
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Wolfenden R, Ridgway C, Young G: Spontaneous hydrolysis of ionized phosphate monoesters and diesters and the proficiencies of phosphatases and phosphodiesterases as catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 1998, 120:833-834.
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J Am Chem Soc
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Wolfenden, R.1
Ridgway, C.2
Young, G.3
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47
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0030794322
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Cofactor-assisted self-cleavage in DNA libraries with a 3′-5′ phosphoramidate bond
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Burmeister J, von Kiedrowski G, Ellington AD: Cofactor-assisted self-cleavage in DNA libraries with a 3′-5′ phosphoramidate bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997, 36:1321-1324.
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(1997)
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
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Burmeister, J.1
Von Kiedrowski, G.2
Ellington, A.D.3
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48
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0033019927
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Phosphorylating DNA with DNA
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This manuscript showcases DNA's capacity for structure formation, catalysis and molecular recognition. Nearly 50 distinct classes of deoxyribozymes have been created that catalyze self-phosphorylation with distinct requirements for the form of NTP or dNTP used as the source of activated phosphate. An individual ATP-dependent deoxyribozyme can be engineered to phosphorylate separate DNA substrates of defined sequence
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Li Y, Breaker RR: Phosphorylating DNA with DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999, 96:2746-2751. This manuscript showcases DNA's capacity for structure formation, catalysis and molecular recognition. Nearly 50 distinct classes of deoxyribozymes have been created that catalyze self-phosphorylation with distinct requirements for the form of NTP or dNTP used as the source of activated phosphate. An individual ATP-dependent deoxyribozyme can be engineered to phosphorylate separate DNA substrates of defined sequence.
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(1999)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
, vol.96
, pp. 2746-2751
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Li, Y.1
Breaker, R.R.2
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49
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0028124128
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In vitro evolution of new ribozymes with polynucleotide kinase activity
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Lorsch JR, Szostak JW: In vitro evolution of new ribozymes with polynucleotide kinase activity. Nature 1994, 371:31-36.
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Nature
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, pp. 31-36
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Lorsch, J.R.1
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50
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0016803910
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Kinetics and specificity of T4 polynucleotide kinase
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Lillehaug JR, Kleppe K: Kinetics and specificity of T4 polynucleotide kinase. Biochemistry 1975, 14:1221-1225.
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Kinetics of intermolecular cleavage by hammerhead ribozyme
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Fedor MJ, Uhlenbeck OC: Kinetics of intermolecular cleavage by hammerhead ribozyme. Biochemistry 1992, 31:12042-12054.
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0024340908
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