Family Firm Goals and their Effects on Strategy, Family and Organization Behavior: A Review and Research Agenda

International Journal of Management Reviews

Volumn 20, Issue , 2018, Pages S63-S82

  Williams, Ralph I ^a   Pieper, Torsten M ^b   Kellermanns, Franz W ^c,d   Astrachan, Joseph H ^b  

^a MIDDLE TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHARLOTTE   (United States)

^d WHU OTTO BEISHEIM SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85040777810     PISSN: 14608545     EISSN: 14682370     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ijmr.12167     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (201)

1. *Indicates review articles.
2. *Achleitner, A.K., Bock, C., Braun, R., Schraml, S. and Welter, J. (2010). Goal structures in family firms: empirical evidence on the relationship between firm and family goals. ZfKE – Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship, 58, pp. 1–25.
3. Adams, A.F., Manners, G.E., Astrachan, J.H. and Mazzola, P. (2004). The importance of integrated goal setting: the application of cost-of-capital concepts to private firms. Family Business Review, 17, pp. 287–302.
4. *Andersson, T., Carlsen, J. and Getz, D. (2002). Family business goals in the tourism and hospitality sector: case studies and cross-case analysis from Australia, Canada and Sweden. Family Business Review, 15, pp. 89–106.
5. Ashforth, B.E. and Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14, pp. 20–39.
6. Astrachan, J.H. (2010). Strategy in family business: toward a multidimensional research agenda. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 1, pp. 6–14.
7. Astrachan, J.H., Klein, S.B. and Smyrnios, K.X. (2002). The F-PEC scale of family influence: a proposal for solving the family business definition problem. Family Business Review, 15, pp. 45–58.
8. Basco, R. (2013). The family's effect on family firm performance: a model testing the demographic and essence approaches. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 4, pp. 42–66.
9. *Basco, R. (2017). ‘Where do you want to take your family firm?’ A theoretical and empirical exploratory study of family business goals. BRQ Business Research Quarterly 20, pp. 28–40.
10. *Basu, A. (2004). Entrepreneurial aspirations among family business owners: an analysis of ethnic business owners in the UK. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 10, pp. 12–33.
11. *Berrone, P., Cruz, C. and Gómez-Mejia, L.R. (2012). Socioemotional wealth in family firms: theoretical dimensions, assessment approaches, and agenda for future research. Family Business Review, 25, pp. 258–279.
12. Binz, C.A., Ferguson, K., Pieper, T.M. and Astrachan, J.H. (2017). Family-business goals, corporate citizenship behavior and firm performance: disentangling the connections. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 16, pp. 34–56.
13. *Blanco-Mazagatos, V., Quevedo-Puente, D. and Castrillo, L.A. (2007). The trade-off between financial resources and agency costs in the family business: an exploratory study. Family Business Review, 20, pp. 199–213.
14. *Carney, M. (2007). Minority family business in emerging markets: organization forms and competitive advantage. Family Business Review, 20, pp. 289–300.
15. *Carney, M., Van Essen, M., Gedajlovic, E.R. and Heugens, P.P. (2015). What do we know about private family firms? A meta-analytical review. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39, pp. 513–544.
16. Carter, C.R. and Liane Easton, P. (2011). Sustainable supply chain management: evolution and future directions. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 41, pp. 46–62.
17. *Cater, J. and Schwab, A. (2008). Turnaround strategies in established small family firms. Family Business Review, 21, pp. 31–50.
18. *Cennamo, C., Berrone, P., Cruz, C. and Gómez-Mejia, L.R. (2012). Socioemotional wealth and proactive stakeholder engagement: why family-controlled firms care more about their stakeholders. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, pp. 1153–1173.
19. *Chrisman, J.J. and Holt, D.T. (2016). Beyond socioemotional wealth: taking another step toward a theory of the family firm. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, 14, pp. 279–287.
20. *Chrisman, J.J. and Patel, P.C. (2012). Variations in R&D investments of family and nonfamily firms: behavioral agency and myopic loss aversion perspectives. Academy of Management Journal, 55, pp. 976–997.
21. Chrisman, J.J., Chua, J.H. and Litz, R. (2003). A unified systems perspective of family firm performance: an extension and integration. Journal of Business Venturing, 18, pp. 467–472.
22. Chrisman, J.J., Chua, J.H., Kellermanns, F.W. and Chang, E.P. (2007). Are family managers agents or stewards? An exploratory study in privately-held family firms. Journal of Business Research, 60, pp. 1030–1038.
23. *Chrisman, J.J., Chua, J.H., Pearson, A.W. and Barnett, T. (2012). Family involvement, family, influence, and family-centered non-economic goals in small firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, pp. 267–293.
24. *Chrisman, J.J., Chua, J.H., De Massis, A., Minola, T. and Vismara, S. (2016). Management processes and strategy execution in family firms: from ‘what’ to ‘how’. Small Business Economics, 47, pp. 719–734.
25. Chrisman, J.J., Fang, H., Kotlar, J. and De Massis, A. (2015). A note on family influence and the adoption of discontinuous technologies in family firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32, pp. 384–388.
26. Chrisman, J.J., Kellermanns, F.W., Chan, K.C. and Liano, K. (2010). Intellectual foundations of current research in family business: an identification and review of 25 influential articles. Family Business Review, 23, pp. 9–26.
27. *Chrisman, J.J., Memili, E. and Misra, K. (2014). Nonfamily managers, family firms and the winner's curse: the influence of noneconomic goals and bounded rationality. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38, pp. 1103–1127.
28. Chua, J.H., Chrisman, J.J. and Sharma, P. (1999). Defining the family business by behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23, pp. 19–39.
29. Chua, J.H., Chrisman, J.J. and Chang, E.P.C. (2004). Are family firms born or made? An exploratory investigation. Family Business Review, 17, pp. 37–54.
30. *Chua, J.H., Chrisman, J.J. and Bergiel, E.B. (2009). An agency theoretic analysis of the, professionalized family firm. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33, pp. 355–372.
31. *Chua, J.H., Chrisman, J.J., Steier, L.P. and Rau, S.B. (2012). Sources of heterogeneity in family firms: an introduction. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, pp. 1103–1113.
32. *Cisneros, L., Genin, E. and Peerally, J. (2012). Family, business and power: illustrating three extreme cases. Journal of Family Business Management, 2, pp. 40–56.
33. *Corbetta, G. and Montemerlo, D. (1999). Ownership, governance and management issues in small and medium-size family businesses: a comparison of Italy and the United States. Family Business Review, 12, pp. 361–374.
34. *Corbetta, G. and Salvato, C. (2004). Self-serving or self-actualizing? Models of man and agency costs in different types of family firms: a commentary on ‘Comparing the agency costs of family and non-family firms: conceptual issues and exploratory evidence’. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28, pp. 355–362.
35. Connolly, T., Conlon, E.J. and Deutsch, S.J. (1980). Organizational effectiveness: a multiple-constituency approach. Academy of Management Review, 5, pp. 211–217.
36. *Craig, J. and Moores, K. (2010). Strategically aligning family and business systems using the balanced scorecard. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 1, pp. 78–87.
37. Cyert, R.M. and March, J.G. (1963). A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
38. *Danes, S.M. (2006). Tensions within family business-owning couples over time. Stress, Trauma, and Crisis, 9, pp. 227–246.
39. *Danes, S.M., Fitzgerald, N. and Doll, K.C. (2000). Financial and relationship predictors of family business goal achievement. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 11, pp. 43.
40. *Danes, S.M., Loy, J.T.C. and Stafford, K. (2008). Business planning practices of family-owned firms within a quality framework. Journal of Small Business Management, 46, pp. 395–421.
41. *Danes, S.M., Zuiker, V., Kean, R. and Arbuthnot, J. (1999). Predictors of family business tensions and goal achievement. Family Business Review, 12, pp. 241–252.
42. Davis, J.H., Schoorman, F.D. and Donaldson, L. (1997). Toward a stewardship theory of, management. Academy of Management Review, 22, pp. 20–47.
43. De Massis, A., Chua, J.H. and Chrisman, J.J. (2008). Factors preventing intra-family succession. Family Business Review, 21, pp. 183–199.
44. De Massis, A., Di Minin, A. and Frattini, F. (2015). Family-driven innovation. California Management Review, 58, pp. 5–19.
45. De Massis, A., Kotlar, J., Chua, J.H. and Chrisman, J.J. (2014). Ability and willingness as sufficiency conditions for family-oriented particularistic behavior: implications for theory and empirical studies. Journal of Small Business Management, 52, pp. 344–364.
46. Debicki, B., Kellermanns, F.W., Chrisman, J., Pearson, A.W. and Spencer, B. (2016). Development of a socioemotional wealth importance (SEWi) scale for family firm research. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 7, pp. 47–57.
47. Debicki, B.J., Matherne, C.F., Kellermanns, F.W. and Chrisman, J.J. (2009). Family business, research in the new millennium: an overview of the who, the where, the what and the why. Family Business Review, 22, pp. 151–166.
48. DeShon, R.P., Kozlowski, S.W., Schmidt, A.M., Milner, K.R. and Wiechmann, D. (2004). A multiple-goal, multilevel model of feedback effects on the regulation of individual and team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, pp. 1035–1056.
49. *Dyer, W.G. (2010). Are you the right type of family business? Organizational Dynamics, 39, pp. 269–278.
50. Eddleston, K.A. and Kellermanns, F.W. (2007). Destructive and productive family relationships: a stewardship theory perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 22, pp. 545–565.
51. Eddleston, K.A., Kellermanns, F.W., Floyd, S.W., Crittenden, V.L. and Crittenden, W.F. (2013). Planning for growth: life stage differences in family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37, pp. 1177–1202.
52. Eddleston, K., Kellermanns, F.W. and Sarathy, R. (2008a). Resource configuration in family firms: linking resources, strategic planning and technological opportunities to performance. Journal of Management Studies, 45, pp. 26–50.
53. Eddleston, K., Otondo, R. and Kellermanns, F.W. (2008b). Conflict, participative decision-making and generational ownership dispersion: a multilevel analysis. Journal of Small Business Management, 47, pp. 456–484.
54. Erez, M. (1977). Feedback: a necessary condition for the goal setting–performance relationship. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, pp. 624–627.
55. *Fang, H., Randolph, R.V.D.G., Chrisman, J.J. and Barnett, T. (2013). Firm religiosity, bounded stakeholder salience and stakeholder relationships in family firms. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 10, pp. 253–270.
56. *Fang, H., Randolph, R.V., Memili, E. and Chrisman, J.J. (2015). Does size matter? The moderating effects of firm size on the employment of nonfamily managers in privately held family SMEs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 40, pp. 1017–1039.
57. Fletcher, D., Melin, L. and Gimeno, A. (2012). Culture and values in family business: a review and suggestions for future research. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 3, pp. 127–131.
58. *Gagné, M., Sharma, P. and De Massis, A. (2014). The study of organizational behaviour in family business. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23, pp. 643–656.
59. García-Álvarez, E. and López-Sintas, J. (2001). A taxonomy of founders based on values: the root of family business heterogeneity. Family Business Review, 14, pp. 209–230.
60. Gedajlovic, E., Carney, M., Chrisman, J.J. and Kellermanns, F.W. (2012). The adolescence of family firm research: taking stock and planning for the future. Journal of Management, 38, pp. 1010–1037.
61. *Gómez-Mejia, L.R., Haynes, K.T., Núñez-Nickel, M., Jacobson, K.J. and Moyano-Fuentes, J. (2007). Socioemotional wealth and business risks in family-controlled firms: evidence from Spanish olive oil mills. Administrative Science Quarterly, 52, pp. 106–137.
62. *Greidanus, N.S. and Märk, S. (2012). An exploration of internal corporate venturing goals in family firms. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 25, pp. 169–183.
63. Hair, J.F., Money, A.H., Samouel, P. and Page, J.M. (2011). Essentials of Business Research Methods. New York, NY: ME Sharpe.
64. Harrison, J.S., Banks, G.C., Pollack, J.M., O'Boyle, E.H. and Short, J.S. (2017). Publication bias in strategic management research. Journal of Management, 4, pp. 376–399.
65. Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's recent consequences: using dimension scores in theory and research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 1, pp. 11–17.
66. *Holt, D.T. (2012). Strategic decisions within family firms: understanding the controlling family's receptivity to internationalization. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, pp. 1145–1151.
67. *Holt, D.T., Pearson, A.W., Carr, J.C. and Barnett, T. (2017). Family firm(s) outcomes model: structuring financial and nonfinancial outcomes across the family and firm. Family Business Review, 30, pp. 182–202.
68. IFERA (2003). Family businesses dominate. Family Business Review, 16, pp. 235–240.
69. Jaskiewicz, P., Combs, J., Shanine, K. and Kacmar, M. (2016a). Introducing the family: a review of family science with implications for management research. Academy of Management Annals, https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2014.0053.
70. *Jaskiewicz, P., Heinrichs, K., Rau, S.B. and Reay, T. (2016b). To be or not to be: how family firms manage family and commercial logics in succession. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 40, pp. 781–813.
71. *Jaskiewicz, P. and Klein, S. (2007). The impact of goal alignment on board composition and board size in family businesses. Journal of Business Research, 60, pp. 1080–1089.
72. *Jaskiewicz, P. and Luchak, A.A. (2013). Explaining performance differences between family firms with family and nonfamily CEOs: it's the nature of the tie to the family that counts! Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37, pp. 1361–1367.
73. Jensen, M.C. and Meckling, W.H. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency, costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3, pp. 305–360.
74. Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 47, pp. 263–291.
75. *Kammerlander, N. and Ganter, M. (2015). An attention-based view of family firm adaptation to discontinuous technological change: exploring the role of family CEOs’ noneconomic goals. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32, pp. 361–383.
76. Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P. (1996). Linking the balanced scorecard to strategy. California Management Review, 39, pp. 53–79.
77. Kellermanns, F.W. and Eddleston, K. 2004. Feuding families: when conflict does a family firm good. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 28, pp. 209–228.
78. Kellermanns, F.W., Eddleston, K.A. and Zellweger, T.M. (2012). Extending the socioemotional wealth perspective: a look at the dark side. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, pp. 1175–1182.
79. *Kelly, L.M., Athanassiou, N. and Crittenden, W.F. (2000). Founder centrality and strategic behavior in the family-owned firm. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25, pp. 27–42.
80. *Kelly, L., Lewa, P.M. and Kamaria, K. (2008). Founder centrality, management team congruence and performance in family firms: a Kenyan context. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 13, pp. 383–407.
81. Kidwell, R.E., Eddleston, K.A., Carter, J.J. III and Kellermanns, F.W. (2013). How one bad, family member can undermine a family firm: preventing the Fredo effect. Business Horizons, 56, pp. 5–12.
82. *Kim, Y. and Gao, F.Y. (2013). Does family involvement increase business performance? Family-longevity goals’ moderating role in Chinese family firms. Journal of Business Research, 66, pp. 265–274.
83. Klein, S.B., Astrachan, J.H. and Smyrnios, K.X. (2005). The F-PEC scale of family influence: construction, validation and further implication for theory. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29, pp. 321–339.
84. *Kotlar, J. and De Massis, A. (2013). Goal setting in family firms: goal diversity, social interactions and collective commitment to family-centered goals. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37, pp. 1263–1288.
85. *Kotlar, J., De Massis, A., Fang, H. and Frattini, F. (2014a). Strategic reference points in family firms. Small Business Economics, 43, pp. 597–619.
86. *Kotlar, J., Fang, H., De Massis, A. and Frattini, F. (2014b). Profitability goals, control goals and the R&D investment decisions of family and nonfamily firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31, pp. 1128–1145.
87. *Kraus, S., Harms, R. and Fink, M. (2011). Family firm research: sketching a research field. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 13, pp. 32–47.
88. Kotlar, J., Signori, A., De Massis, A. and Vismara, S. (2017). Financial wealth, socioemotional wealth and IPO underpricing in family firms: a two-stage gamble model. Academy of Management Journal, https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.025.
89. La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F. and Shleifer, A. (1999). Corporate ownership around the world. Journal of Finance, 54, pp. 471–517.
90. Latham, G.P. and Locke, E.A. (2006). Enhancing the benefits and overcoming the pitfalls of goal setting. Organizational Dynamics, 35, pp. 332–340.
91. *Lee, Y.G., Danes, S.M. and Shelley, M.C. (2006). Work roles, management and perceived well-being for married women within family businesses. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 27, pp. 523–541.
92. *Lee, M.S. and Rogoff, E.G. (1996). Research note: comparison of small businesses with family participation versus small businesses without family participation: an investigation of differences in goals, attitudes and family/business conflict. Family Business Review, 9, pp. 423–437.
93. Locke, E.A. (1968). Toward a theory of task motivation and incentives. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 3, pp. 157–189.
94. Locke, E.A. and Latham, G.P. (2006). New directions in goal-setting theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, pp. 265–268.
95. *Long, R.G. and Mathews, K.M. (2011). Ethics in the family firm: cohesion through reciprocity and exchange. Business Ethics Quarterly, 21, pp. 287–308.
96. *Lumpkin, G.T., Martin, W. and Vaughn, M. (2008). Family orientation: individual-level influences on family firm outcomes. Family Business Review, 21, pp. 127–138.
97. *Lutz, E. and Schraml, S. (2011). Family firms: should they hire an outside CFO? Journal of Business Strategy, 33, pp. 39–44.
98. Madison, K. and Kellermanns, F.W. (2013). Is the spiritual bond bound by blood? An exploratory study of spiritual leadership in family firms. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 10, pp. 159–182.
99. Madison, K., Holt, D.T., Kellermanns, F.W. and Ranft, A.L. (2016). Viewing family firm behavior and governance through the lens of agency and stewardship theories. Family Business Review, 29, pp. 65–93.
100. *Mahto, R.V., Davis, P.S., Pearce, I.I., John, A. and Robinson, R.B. Jr (2010). Satisfaction with firm performance in family businesses. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34, pp. 985–1001.
101. Mazzelli, A., Kotlar, J. and De Massis, A. (2017). Blending in while standing out: selective conformity and new product introduction in family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, forthcoming.
102. McCalley, L.T. and Midden, C.J. (2002). Energy conservation through product-integrated, feedback: the roles of goal-setting and social orientation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 23, pp. 589–603.
103. Miller, D. and Le Breton-Miller, I. (2014). Deconstructing socioemotional wealth. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38, pp. 713–720.
104. Miller, D., Le Breton-Miller, I., Lester, R.H. and Cannella, A.A. (2007). Are family firms really superior performers? Journal of Corporate Finance, 13, pp. 829–858.
105. Miller, D., Le Breton-Miller, I. and Scholnick, B. (2008). Stewardship vs. stagnation: an empirical comparison of small family and non-family businesses. Journal of Management Studies, 45, pp. 51–78.
106. *Mitchell, R.K., Agle, B.R., Chrisman, J.J. and Spence, L.J. (2011). Toward a theory of stakeholder salience in family firms. Business Ethics Quarterly, 21, pp. 235–255.
107. Morgan, T.J. and Gómez-Mejia, L.R. (2014). Hooked on a feeling: the affective component of socioemotional wealth in family firms. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5, pp. 280–288.
108. Ordóñez, L.D., Schweitzer, M.E., Galinsky, A.D. and Bazerman, M.H. (2009). Goals gone wild: the systematic side effects of overprescribing goal setting. Academy of Management Perspectives, 23, pp. 6–16.
109. Perrow, C. (1961). The analysis of goals in complex organizations. American Sociological Review, 26, pp. 854–866.
110. *Philbrick, C.A. and Fitzgerald, M.A. (2007). Women in business-owning-families: a comparison of roles, responsibilities and predictors of family functionality. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 28, pp. 618–634.
111. Pieper, T.M., Astrachan, J.H. and Manners, G.E. (2013). Conflict in family business: common metaphors and suggestions for intervention. Family Relations, 62, pp. 490–500.
112. *Pieper, T.M., Klein, S.B. and Jaskiewicz, P. (2008). The impact of goal alignment on board existence and top management team composition: evidence from family-influenced businesses. Journal of Small Business Management, 46, pp. 372–394.
113. *Pongelli, C., Caroli, M.G. and Cucculelli, M. (2016). Family business going abroad: the effect of family ownership on foreign market entry mode decisions. Small Business Economics, 47, pp. 787–801.
114. Rashman, L., Withers, E. and Hartley, J. (2009). Organizational learning and knowledge in public service organizations: a systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11, pp. 463–494.
115. Reay, T., Jaskiewicz, P. and Hinings, C.R. (2015). How family, business and community logics shape family firm behavior and ‘rules of the game’ in an organizational field. Family Business Review, 28, pp. 292–311.
116. *Riordan, D.A. and Riordan, M.P. (1993). Field theory: an alternative to systems theories in understanding the small family business. Journal of Small Business Management, 31, p. 66.
117. *Schepers, J., Voordeckers, W., Steijvers, T. and Laveren, E. (2014). The entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship in private family firms: the moderating role of socioemotional wealth. Small Business Economics, 43, pp. 39–55.
118. *Schulze, W.S., Lubatkin, M.H. and Dino, R.N. (2003). Toward a theory of agency and altruism in family firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 18, pp. 473–490.
119. Sciascia, S., Nordqvist, M., Mazzola, P. and De Massis, A. (2015). Family ownership and R&D intensity in small-and medium-sized firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32, pp. 349–360.
120. Seijts, G.H., Latham, G.P., Tasa, K. and Latham, B.W. (2004). Goal setting and goal orientation: an integration of two different yet related literatures. Academy of Management Journal, 47, pp. 227–239.
121. Sharma, P., Chrisman, J.J. and Chua, J.H. (1997). Strategic management of the family business: past research and future challenges. Family Business Review, 10, pp. 1–35.
122. Simon, H.A. (1964). On the concept of organizational goal. Administrative Science Quarterly, 9, pp. 1–22.
123. Sirmon, D.G. and Hitt, M.A. (2003). Managing resources: linking unique resources, management and wealth creation in family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27, pp. 339–358.
124. Smith, J.N. (2016). Enterprise resource planning systems in family firms. Kennesaw State University Doctor of Business Administration Dissertations, 18, http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/dba_etd/18.
125. Sonenshein, S. (2014). How organizations foster the creative use of resources. Academy of Management Journal, 57, pp. 814–848.
126. Stanley, L.J., Kellermanns, F.W. and Zellweger, T. (2017). Latent profile analysis: understanding family firm profiles. Family Business Review, 30, pp. 84–102.
127. Stewart, A. and Miner, A.S. (2011). The prospects for family business in research universities. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 2, pp. 3–14.
128. *Suess-Reyes, J. (2017). Understanding the transgenerational orientation of family businesses: the role of family governance and business family identity. Journal of Business Economics, 87, pp 749–777.
129. *Tagiuri, R. and Davis, J.A. (1992). On the goals of successful family companies. Family Business Review, 5, pp. 43–62.
130. Thompson, J.D. and McEwen, W.J. (1958). Organizational goals and environment: goal-setting as an interaction process. American Sociological Review, 23, pp. 23–31.
131. Tranfield, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14, pp. 207–222.
132. *Upton, N., Teal, E.J. and Felan, J.T. (2001). Strategic and business planning practices of fast growth family firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 39, pp. 60–72.
133. *Van Auken, H. and Werbel, J. (2006). Family dynamic and family business financial performance: spousal commitment. Family Business Review 19, pp. 49–63.
134. *Van Gils, A., Voordeckers, W. and Van Den Heuvel, J. (2004). Environmental uncertainty and strategic behavior in Belgian family firms. European Management Journal, 22, pp. 588–595.
135. Vazquez, P. and Rocha, H.O. (2016). On the goals of family firms: a review and integration. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2016(1), Suppl. 16731.
136. Williams, R.I. Jr (2015). Measuring family business performance: a holistic, idiosyncratic approach. Kennesaw State University Doctor of Business Administration Dissertations, 13, http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/dba_etd/13.
137. Xi, J., Filser, M., Kellermanns, F.W. and Kraus, S. (2015). Mapping the field of family business research: past trends and future directions. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11, pp. 113–132.
138. Yu, A., Lumpkin, G.T., Brigham, K.H. and Sorenson, R.L. (2012). The landscape of family business outcomes: a summary and numerical taxonomy of dependent variables. Family Business Review, 25, pp. 33–57.
139. Zellweger, T. and Astrachan, J. (2008). On the emotional value of owning a firm. Family Business Review, 21, pp. 347–363.
140. *Zellweger, T.M., Kellermanns, F.W., Chrisman, J.J. and Chua, J.H. (2012). Family control and family firm valuation by family CEOs: the importance of intentions for transgenerational control. Organization Science, 23, pp. 851–868
141. *Zellweger, T.M., Nason, R.S., Nordqvist, M. and Brush, C.G. (2013). Why do family firms strive for nonfinancial goals? An organizational identity perspective. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37, pp. 229–248.
142. Akhter, N., Sieger, P. and Chirico, F. (2016). If we can't have it, then no one should: shutting down versus selling in family business portfolios. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 10, pp. 371–394.
143. Athanassiou, N., Crittenden, W.F., Kelly, L.M. and Marquez, P. (2002). Founder centrality effects on the Mexican family firm's top management group: firm culture, strategic vision and goals, and firm performance. Journal of World Business, 37, pp. 139–150.
144. Avery, R.J., Haynes, D.C. and Haynes, G.W. (2000). Managing work and family: the decision to outsource child care in families engaged in family-owned businesses. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 21, pp. 227–258.
145. Bernhard, F. and O'Driscoll, M.P. (2011). Psychological ownership in small family-owned, businesses: leadership style and nonfamily-employees’ work attitudes and behaviors. Group and Organization Management, 36, pp. 345–384.
146. Bjuggren, P.O. and Sund, L.G. (2002). A transition cost rationale for transition of the firm within the family. Small Business Economics, 19, pp. 123–133.
147. Braun, M., Zacharias, L. and Latham, S. (2011). Family firms versus leveraged buyouts: a conceptual comparison of distinctive governance structures. Journal of Family Business Management, 1, pp. 89–106.
148. Brundin, E. and Wigren-Kristoferson, C. (2013). Where the two logics of institutional theory and entrepreneurship merge: are family businesses caught in the past or stuck in the future?. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 16, pp. 452–467.
149. Brundin, E., Samuelsson, E.F. and Melin, L. (2014). Family ownership logic: framing the core characteristics of family businesses. Journal of Management and Organization, 20, pp. 6–37.
150. Cabrera-Suárez, M.K., Déniz-Déniz, M.D.L.C. and Martín-Santana, J.D. (2014). The setting of non-financial goals in the family firm: the influence of family climate and identification. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5, pp. 289–299.
151. Castillo, J. and Wakefield, M.W. (2006). An exploration of firm performance factors in family businesses: do families value only the ‘Bottom Line’? Journal of Small Business Strategy, 17, pp. 37–51.
152. Chen, Q., Hou, W., Li, W., Wilson, C. and Wu, Z. (2014). Family control, regulatory environment and the growth of entrepreneurial firms: international evidence. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 22, pp. 132–144.
153. Choi, Y.R., Zahra, S.A., Yoshikawa, T. and Han, B.H. (2015). Family ownership and R&D investment: the role of growth opportunities and business group membership. Journal of Business Research, 68, pp. 1053–1061.
154. Chrisman, J.J., Sharma, P., Steier, L.P. and Chua, J.H. (2013). The influence of family goals, governance and resources on firm outcomes. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37, pp. 1249–1261.
155. De Massis, A., Kotlar, J., Mazzola, P., Minola, T. and Sciascia, S. (2016). Conflicting selves: family owners’ multiple goals and self-control agency problems in private firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12257.
156. Distelberg, B. and Blow, A. (2010). The role of values and unity in family businesses. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 31, pp. 427–441.
157. Farrington, S., Venter, E. and Van der Merwe, S. (2011). Organisational-based factors influencing the non-financial goals of family businesses. Management Dynamics: Journal of the Southern African Institute for Management Scientists, 20, pp. 51–67.
158. Gagné, M., Wrosch, C. and Brun de Pontet, S. (2011). Retiring from the family business: the role of goal adjustment capacities. Family Business Review, 24, pp. 292–304.
159. Gallo, M.Á., Tàpies, J. and Cappuyns, K. (2004). Comparison of family and nonfamily business: financial logic and personal preferences. Family Business Review, 17, pp. 303–318.
160. Gartner, B., Feldbauer-Durstmuller, B. and Duller, C. (2012). Stakeholder goals in family businesses: evidence from upper Austria. International Business and Economics Research Journal, 11, pp. 1203–1210.
161. Getz, D. and Petersen, T. (2004). Identifying industry-specific barriers to inheritance in small family businesses. Family Business Review, 17, pp. 259–276.
162. Gómez Betancourt, G., C., Botero, I., Bernardo Betancourt Ramirez, J. and Piedad López Vergara, M. (2014). Emotional intelligence in family firms: its impact on interpersonal dynamics in the family, business and ownership systems. Journal of Family Business Management, 4, pp. 4–23.
163. Gundolf, K., Meier, O. and Missonier, A. (2013). Transmission of family businesses in France. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research 19, pp. 53–71.
164. Hsu, D.K., Wiklund, J., Anderson, S.E. and Coffey, B.S. (2016). Entrepreneurial exit intentions and the business–family interface. Journal of Business Venturing, 31, pp. 613–627.
165. Jaskiewicz, P., Block, J.H., Combs, J.G. and Miller, D. (2015). The effects of founder and family ownership on hired CEOs’ incentives and firm performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41, pp. 73–103.
166. Kammerlander, N., Sieger, P., Voordeckers, W. and Zellweger, T. (2015). Value creation in family firms: a model of fit. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 6, pp. 63–72.
167. König, A., Kammerlander, N. and Enders, A. (2013). The family innovator's dilemma: how family influence affects the adoption of discontinuous technologies by incumbent firms. Academy of Management Review, 38, pp. 418–441.
168. Koropp, C., Grichnik, D. and Kellermanns, F. (2013). Financial attitudes in family firms: the moderating role of family commitment. Journal of Small Business Management, 51, pp. 114–137.
169. Laforet, S. (2013). Innovation characteristics of young and old family-owned businesses. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 20, pp. 204–224.
170. Le Breton-Miller, I. and Miller, D. (2014). Temporal considerations in the study of family firms: reflections on ‘the study of organizational behaviour in family business’. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23, pp. 669–673.
171. Lee, Y.G. and Marshall, M.I. (2013). Goal orientation and performance of family businesses. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 34, pp. 265–274.
172. Li, Z. and Daspit, J.J. (2016). Understanding family firm innovation heterogeneity: a typology of family governance and socioemotional wealth intentions. Journal of Family Business Management, 6, pp. 103–121.
173. Mahto, R.V. and Khanin, D. (2015). Satisfaction with past financial performance, risk taking and future performance expectations in the family business. Journal of Small Business Management, 53, pp. 801–818.
174. Mahto, R.V., Ahluwalia, S. and Khanin, D. (2014). Psychological ownership of family firm successors: a conceptual approach. Small Business Institute Journal, 10, pp. 65–76.
175. Mahto, R.V., Davis, P.S. and Khanin, D. (2014). Continuation commitment: family's commitment to continue the family business. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 35, pp. 278–289.
176. Martin, G. and Gómez-Mejia, L. (2016). The relationship between socioemotional and financial wealth: re-visiting family firm decision making. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, 14, pp. 215–233.
177. Memili, E., Welsh, D.H. and Luthans, F. (2013). Going beyond research on goal setting: a proposed role for organizational psychological capital of family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37, pp. 1289–1296.
178. Memili, E., Welsh, D.H. and Kaciak, E. (2014). Organizational psychological capital of family franchise firms through the lens of the leader–member exchange theory. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 21, pp. 200–209.
179. Miller, D., Wright, M., Le Breton-Miller, I. and Scholes, L. (2015). Resources and innovation in family businesses. California Management Review, 58, pp. 20–40.
180. Minichilli, A., Nordqvist, M., Corbetta, G. and Amore, M.D. (2014). CEO succession mechanisms, organizational context and performance: a socio-emotional wealth perspective on family-controlled firms. Journal of Management Studies, 51, pp. 1153–1179.
181. Moyer, S.K. and Chalofsky, N.E. (2008). Understanding the selection and development of life goals of family business owners. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 16, pp. 19–53.
182. Nordqvist, M., Sharma, P. and Chirico, F. (2014). Family firm heterogeneity and governance: a configuration approach. Journal of Small Business Management, 52, pp. 192–209.
183. Patel, P.C. and Fiet, J.O. (2011). Knowledge combination and the potential advantages of family firms in searching for opportunities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35, pp. 1179–1197.
184. Peake, W.O. and Watson, W. (2015). Ties that bind? A mediation analysis exploring contract use in family versus nonfamily firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 53, pp. 1185–1202.
185. Peake, W.O., Davis, P.E. and Cox, M.Z. (2015). Being good for goodness sake: the influence of family involvement on motivations to engage in small business social responsibility. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 25, pp. 1–25.
186. Pittino, D., Visintin, F., Bau’, M. and Mazzurana, P. (2013). Collaborative technology strategies and innovation in family firms. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 17, pp. 8–27.
187. Priem, R.L. and Alfano, F. (2016). Setting new directions for the management discipline through family business research. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 7, pp. 58–62.
188. Revilla, A.J., Pérez-Luño, A. and Nieto, M.J. (2016). Does family involvement in management reduce the risk of business failure? The moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation. Family Business Review, 29, pp. 365–379.
189. Rohlfing-Bastian, A. and Sandner, K. (2014). Optimal distribution of earnings between partners in family firm contracting. Schmalenbach Business Review: ZFBF, 66, pp. 132–163.
190. Schenkel, M.T., Brazeal, D.V. and Azriel, J.A. (2013). Pathways in the development of entrepreneurial intent: exploring the roles of prior experience, sex and family business. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 24, pp. 47–68.
191. Schmidts, T. and Shepherd, D. (2015). Social identity and family business: exploring family social capital. Journal of Family Business Management, 5, pp. 157–181.
192. Scholes, L., Mustafa, M. and Chen, S. (2015). Internationalization of small family firms: the influence of family from a socioemotional wealth perspective. Thunderbird International Business Review 58, pp. 131–146.
193. Senftlechner, D. and Hiebl, M.R. (2015). Management accounting and management control in family businesses: past accomplishments and future opportunities. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 11, pp. 573–606.
194. Sharma, A. and Dave, S. (2014). Goals and performance of small sale family business – a study of select SMEs. BVIMR Management Edge, 7, pp. 115–127.
195. Sharma, P. and Sharma, S. (2011). Drivers of proactive environmental strategy in family firms. Business Ethics Quarterly, 21, pp, 309–334.
196. Singla, C., Veliyath, R. and George, R. (2014). Family firms and internationalization–governance relationships: evidence of secondary agency issues. Strategic Management Journal, 35, pp. 606–616.
197. Verdin, J.A. (1986). Improving sales performance in a family owned business. American Journal of Small Business, 10, pp. 49–61.
198. Villanueva, J. and Sapienza, H.J. (2009). Goal tolerance, outside investors and family firm governance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33, pp. 1193–1199.
199. Westhead, P. and Howorth, C. (2007). ‘Types’ of private family firms: an exploratory conceptual and empirical analysis. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19, pp. 405–431.
200. Yan, J. and Sorenson, R.L. (2004). The influence of Confucian ideology on conflict in Chinese family business. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 4, pp. 5–17.
201. Zhou, Y., Hu, Q., Yao, J. and Qin, X. (2016). The determinants of family business owners’ intrafamily succession intention: an interplay between business owners and institutional environment. Chinese Management Studies, 10, pp. 710–725.