메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2017, Pages

Intestinal Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Author keywords

Chronic kidney disease; Diabetes mellitus; Endotoxin; Inflammation; Intestinal microbiota; Uremia

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; INDICAN; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; NITROGEN; OXALIC ACID; PREBIOTIC AGENT; PROBIOTIC AGENT; SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACID; SYNBIOTIC AGENT; TRYPTOPHAN; TYROSINE; UREA; UREASE; URIC ACID;

EID: 85015047152     PISSN: 15344827     EISSN: 15390829     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0841-z     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (145)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 85015012277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014. World Health Organization. 2014; 176.
    • (2014) World Health Organization , vol.2014 , pp. 176
  • 2
    • 84874045511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins and drivers of insulin resistance
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXis1Oqs70%3D, PID: 23415219
    • Johnson AMF, Olefsky JM. The origins and drivers of insulin resistance. Cell. 2013;152:673–84.
    • (2013) Cell , vol.152 , pp. 673-684
    • Johnson, A.M.F.1    Olefsky, J.M.2
  • 3
    • 41649093318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mechanisms in the regulation of insulin resistance
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXksVensrk%3D, PID: 18235842
    • Tilg H, Moschen A. Inflammatory mechanisms in the regulation of insulin resistance. Mol Med. 2008;14:222–31.
    • (2008) Mol Med , vol.14 , pp. 222-231
    • Tilg, H.1    Moschen, A.2
  • 4
    • 84909584471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Diabetes Statistics Report: 2014 Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the Epidemiologic estimation methods
    • American Diabetes Association. National Diabetes Statistics Report: 2014 Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the Epidemiologic estimation methods. Natl Diabetes Stat Rep. 2014; 2009–2012.
    • (2014) Natl Diabetes Stat Rep , pp. 2009-2012
  • 6
    • 85015054087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 USRDS Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States.63: supplement e1–e478
    • 2013 USRDS Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis 2014; 63: supplement e1–e478.
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis
  • 7
    • 73849107850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent inflammation as a catalyst for other risk factors in chronic kidney disease: a hypothesis proposal
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXmt1GgtA%3D%3D, PID: 19996005
    • Carrero JJ, Stenvinkel P. Persistent inflammation as a catalyst for other risk factors in chronic kidney disease: a hypothesis proposal. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:S49–55.
    • (2009) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. S49-S55
    • Carrero, J.J.1    Stenvinkel, P.2
  • 8
    • 42549131781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging biomarkers for evaluating cardiovascular risk in the chronic kidney disease patient: how do new pieces fit into the uremic puzzle?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVWlt73F, PID: 18184879
    • Stenvinkel P, Carrero JJ, Axelsson J, Lindholm B, Heimburger O, Massy Z. Emerging biomarkers for evaluating cardiovascular risk in the chronic kidney disease patient: how do new pieces fit into the uremic puzzle? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:505–21.
    • (2008) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.3 , pp. 505-521
    • Stenvinkel, P.1    Carrero, J.J.2    Axelsson, J.3    Lindholm, B.4    Heimburger, O.5    Massy, Z.6
  • 9
    • 29244475380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum albumin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and fetuin A as predictors of malnutrition, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in patients with ESRD
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xpt1elsw%3D%3D, PID: 16377395
    • Honda H, Qureshi AR, Heimburger O, Barany P, Wang K, et al. Serum albumin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and fetuin A as predictors of malnutrition, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in patients with ESRD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;47:139–48.
    • (2006) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.47 , pp. 139-148
    • Honda, H.1    Qureshi, A.R.2    Heimburger, O.3    Barany, P.4    Wang, K.5
  • 10
    • 44349113634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine dysregulation in chronic kidney disease: how can we treat it?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmtlers7c%3D, PID: 18421214
    • Carrero JJ, Yilmaz MI, Lindholm B, Stevinkel P. Cytokine dysregulation in chronic kidney disease: how can we treat it? Blood Purif. 2008;26:291–9.
    • (2008) Blood Purif , vol.26 , pp. 291-299
    • Carrero, J.J.1    Yilmaz, M.I.2    Lindholm, B.3    Stevinkel, P.4
  • 11
    • 84883110880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers
    • PID: 23985870
    • Le Chatelier E, Nielsen T, Qin J, Prifti E, Hildebrand F, Falony G, et al. Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers. Nature. 2013;500:541–6.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.500 , pp. 541-546
    • Le Chatelier, E.1    Nielsen, T.2    Qin, J.3    Prifti, E.4    Hildebrand, F.5    Falony, G.6
  • 13
    • 84867074831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
    • PID: 23023125
    • Wang J, Qin J, Li Y, Cai Z, Li S, Zhu J, et al. A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature. 2012;490:55–60.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.490 , pp. 55-60
    • Wang, J.1    Qin, J.2    Li, Y.3    Cai, Z.4    Li, S.5    Zhu, J.6
  • 14
    • 34347399563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnvVWjurk%3D, PID: 17456850
    • Cani PD, Amar J, Iglesias MA, Poggi M, Knauf C, Bastelica D, et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2007;56:1761–72.
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 1761-1772
    • Cani, P.D.1    Amar, J.2    Iglesias, M.A.3    Poggi, M.4    Knauf, C.5    Bastelica, D.6
  • 15
    • 36249005027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-fat meal induces low-grade endotoxemia: evidence of a novel mechanism of postprandial inflammation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtlWms7nO, PID: 17991637
    • Erridge C, Attina T, Spickett CM, Webb DJ. A high-fat meal induces low-grade endotoxemia: evidence of a novel mechanism of postprandial inflammation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:1286–92.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.86 , pp. 1286-1292
    • Erridge, C.1    Attina, T.2    Spickett, C.M.3    Webb, D.J.4
  • 16
    • 84859033154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High fat intake leads to acute postprandial exposure to circulating endotoxin in type 2 diabetic subjects
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjt1aisrw%3D, PID: 22210577
    • Harte AL, Varma MC, Tripathi G, Mcgee KC, Al-Daghri NM, Al-Attas OS, et al. High fat intake leads to acute postprandial exposure to circulating endotoxin in type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:375–82.
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , pp. 375-382
    • Harte, A.L.1    Varma, M.C.2    Tripathi, G.3    Mcgee, K.C.4    Al-Daghri, N.M.5    Al-Attas, O.S.6
  • 17
    • 70350110294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-fat diet determines the composition of the murine gut microbiome independently of the obesity
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVyhsb%2FE, PID: 19706296
    • Hildebrandt M, Hoffman C, Sherrill-mix S, Keilbaugh S, Chen Y, Knight R, et al. High-fat diet determines the composition of the murine gut microbiome independently of the obesity. Gastroenterology. 2009;137:1716–24.
    • (2009) Gastroenterology , vol.137 , pp. 1716-1724
    • Hildebrandt, M.1    Hoffman, C.2    Sherrill-mix, S.3    Keilbaugh, S.4    Chen, Y.5    Knight, R.6
  • 18
    • 0036060717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation in end-stage renal failure: could it be treated?
    • Stenvinkel P. Inflammation in end-stage renal failure: could it be treated? Nephrol Dial Transpl. 2002;17:S33–8.
    • (2002) Nephrol Dial Transpl , vol.17 , pp. S33-S38
    • Stenvinkel, P.1
  • 19
    • 33745197790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum myeloperoxidase and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XnslSqsb0%3D, PID: 16797387
    • Kalantar-Zadeh K, Brennan ML, Hazen SL. Serum myeloperoxidase and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;48:59–68.
    • (2006) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.48 , pp. 59-68
    • Kalantar-Zadeh, K.1    Brennan, M.L.2    Hazen, S.L.3
  • 20
    • 13544253065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic syndrome: a clinical and molecular perspective
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXisVSrsLg%3D, PID: 15660501
    • Moller DE, Kaufman KD. Metabolic syndrome: a clinical and molecular perspective. Annu Rev Med. 2005;56:45–62.
    • (2005) Annu Rev Med , vol.56 , pp. 45-62
    • Moller, D.E.1    Kaufman, K.D.2
  • 21
    • 79959201412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human nutrition, the gut microbiome, and immune system: envisioning the future
    • Kau AL, Ahern PP, Griffin NW, Goodman AL, Jeffrey I. Human nutrition, the gut microbiome, and immune system: envisioning the future. Nature. 2012;474:327–36.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.474 , pp. 327-336
    • Kau, A.L.1    Ahern, P.P.2    Griffin, N.W.3    Goodman, A.L.4    Jeffrey, I.5
  • 22
    • 84874244749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiology of the protein-energy wasting syndrome in chronic kidney disease: a consensus statement from the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM)
    • PID: 23428357
    • Carrero JJ, Stenvinkel P, Cuppari L, Ikizler TA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kaysen G, et al. Etiology of the protein-energy wasting syndrome in chronic kidney disease: a consensus statement from the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM). J Ren Nutr. 2013;23:77–90.
    • (2013) J Ren Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 77-90
    • Carrero, J.J.1    Stenvinkel, P.2    Cuppari, L.3    Ikizler, T.A.4    Kalantar-Zadeh, K.5    Kaysen, G.6
  • 23
    • 84857040215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dialog between microbiota and the immune system: shaping the partners through development and evolution
    • PID: 22177884
    • Cerf-Bensussan N, Eberl G. The dialog between microbiota and the immune system: shaping the partners through development and evolution. Semin Immunol. 2012;24:1–2.
    • (2012) Semin Immunol , vol.24 , pp. 1-2
    • Cerf-Bensussan, N.1    Eberl, G.2
  • 24
    • 42549129835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxemia Is related to systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis in peritoneal dialysis patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVWlt73J, PID: 18256376
    • Szeto CC, Kwan BC, Chow KM, Lai KB, Chung KY, Leung CB, et al. Endotoxemia Is related to systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:431–6.
    • (2008) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.3 , pp. 431-436
    • Szeto, C.C.1    Kwan, B.C.2    Chow, K.M.3    Lai, K.B.4    Chung, K.Y.5    Leung, C.B.6
  • 26
    • 84882241031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intestinal microbiota, a leaky gut, and abnormal immunity in kidney disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXos1ymtLs%3D, PID: 23325079
    • Anders H-J, Andersen K, Stecher B. The intestinal microbiota, a leaky gut, and abnormal immunity in kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2013;83:1010–6.
    • (2013) Kidney Int , vol.83 , pp. 1010-1016
    • Anders, H.-J.1    Andersen, K.2    Stecher, B.3
  • 28
    • 84958837712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gut microbiome, diet and links to cardiometabolic and chronic disorders
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhvFCqurrN, PID: 26616538, This review is important because summarizes data suggesting a link between the intestinal microbiota and derived metabolites with food intake patterns, metabolic alterations and chronic cardiometabolic diseases
    • • Aron-Wisnewsky J, Clément K. The gut microbiome, diet and links to cardiometabolic and chronic disorders. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016;12:169–81. This review is important because summarizes data suggesting a link between the intestinal microbiota and derived metabolites with food intake patterns, metabolic alterations and chronic cardiometabolic diseases.
    • (2016) Nat Rev Nephrol , vol.12 , pp. 169-181
    • Aron-Wisnewsky, J.1    Clément, K.2
  • 29
    • 84856901973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human microbiome in health and disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjs1KqsLc%3D, PID: 21910623
    • Pflughoeft KJ, Versalovic J. Human microbiome in health and disease. Annu Rev Pathol. 2012;7:99–122.
    • (2012) Annu Rev Pathol , vol.7 , pp. 99-122
    • Pflughoeft, K.J.1    Versalovic, J.2
  • 30
    • 84862276328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome
    • Human Microbiome Project Consortium. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012;486:207–14.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.486 , pp. 207-214
  • 31
    • 84898834030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compositional and functional features of the gastrointestinal microbiome and their effects on human health
    • PID: 24486050
    • Hollister EB, Gao C, Versalovic J. Compositional and functional features of the gastrointestinal microbiome and their effects on human health. Gastroenterology. 2014;146:1449–58.
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , pp. 1449-1458
    • Hollister, E.B.1    Gao, C.2    Versalovic, J.3
  • 32
    • 84939601831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations of intestinal barrier and microbiota in chronic kidney disease
    • PID: 25190600, This review is relevant because it discusses in depth the cross-talk between the kidney and the intestine in CKD and ESRD
    • Sabatino A, Regolisti G, Brusasco I, Cabassi A, Morabito S, Fiaccadori E. Alterations of intestinal barrier and microbiota in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2015;30:924–33. This review is relevant because it discusses in depth the cross-talk between the kidney and the intestine in CKD and ESRD.
    • (2015) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.30 , pp. 924-933
    • Sabatino, A.1    Regolisti, G.2    Brusasco, I.3    Cabassi, A.4    Morabito, S.5    Fiaccadori, E.6
  • 33
    • 84965096659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered intestinal microbial flora and impaired epithelial barrier structure and function in CKD: the nature, mechanisms, consequences and potential treatment
    • PID: 25883197, This review gives a thorough description on the mechanisms involved in the derangement of intestinal barrier in CKD and ESRD
    • •• Vaziri ND, Zhao YY, Pahl MV. Altered intestinal microbial flora and impaired epithelial barrier structure and function in CKD: the nature, mechanisms, consequences and potential treatment. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016;31:737–46. This review gives a thorough description on the mechanisms involved in the derangement of intestinal barrier in CKD and ESRD.
    • (2016) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.31 , pp. 737-746
    • Vaziri, N.D.1    Zhao, Y.Y.2    Pahl, M.V.3
  • 35
    • 79953046341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXltlKnsL8%3D, PID: 21219177
    • Gregor MF, Hotamisligil GS. Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:415–45.
    • (2011) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.29 , pp. 415-445
    • Gregor, M.F.1    Hotamisligil, G.S.2
  • 37
    • 41849127118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmtlejur0%3D, PID: 18407065
    • Turnbaugh PJ, Bäckhed F, Fulton L, Gordon JI. Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2008;3:213–23.
    • (2008) Cell Host Microbe , vol.3 , pp. 213-223
    • Turnbaugh, P.J.1    Bäckhed, F.2    Fulton, L.3    Gordon, J.I.4
  • 38
    • 33846542071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice
    • PID: 17210919
    • Bäckhed F, Manchester JK, Semenkovich CF, Gordon JI. Mechanisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2007;104:979–84.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.104 , pp. 979-984
    • Bäckhed, F.1    Manchester, J.K.2    Semenkovich, C.F.3    Gordon, J.I.4
  • 39
    • 84883478660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice gut microbiota from twins metabolism in mice
    • PID: 24009397
    • Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, Cheng J, Duncan AE, Kau L, et al. Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice gut microbiota from twins metabolism in mice. Science. 2013;341:1241214.
    • (2013) Science , vol.341 , pp. 1241214
    • Ridaura, V.K.1    Faith, J.J.2    Rey, F.E.3    Cheng, J.4    Duncan, A.E.5    Kau, L.6
  • 40
    • 84878709716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXotlGls7k%3D, PID: 23719380
    • Karlsson FH, Tremaroli V, Nookaew I, Bergström G, Behre CJ, Fagerberg B, et al. Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control. Nature. 2013;498:99–103.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.498 , pp. 99-103
    • Karlsson, F.H.1    Tremaroli, V.2    Nookaew, I.3    Bergström, G.4    Behre, C.J.5    Fagerberg, B.6
  • 41
    • 33845901507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtlemtLvM, PID: 17183309
    • Ley R, Turnbaugh P, Klein S, Gordon J. Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature. 2006;444:1022–3.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.444 , pp. 1022-1023
    • Ley, R.1    Turnbaugh, P.2    Klein, S.3    Gordon, J.4
  • 42
    • 33845874101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
    • PID: 17183312
    • Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444:1027–31.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.444 , pp. 1027-1031
    • Turnbaugh, P.J.1    Ley, R.E.2    Mahowald, M.A.3    Magrini, V.4    Mardis, E.R.5    Gordon, J.I.6
  • 43
    • 67649238355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXos1CqtbY%3D, PID: 19366864
    • Gao Z, Yin J, Zhang J, Ward RE, Martin RJ, Lefevre M, et al. Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice. Diabetes. 2009;58:1509–17.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 1509-1517
    • Gao, Z.1    Yin, J.2    Zhang, J.3    Ward, R.E.4    Martin, R.J.5    Lefevre, M.6
  • 44
    • 84859587827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Butyrate and propionate protect against diet-induced obesity and regulate gut hormones via free fatty acid receptor 3-independent mechanisms
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XlvF2gtrc%3D, PID: 22506074
    • Lin HV, Frassetto A, Kowalik EJ, Nawrocki AR, Lu MM, Kosinski JR, et al. Butyrate and propionate protect against diet-induced obesity and regulate gut hormones via free fatty acid receptor 3-independent mechanisms. PLoS One. 2012;7:e35240.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Lin, H.V.1    Frassetto, A.2    Kowalik, E.J.3    Nawrocki, A.R.4    Lu, M.M.5    Kosinski, J.R.6
  • 45
    • 84887889962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial modulation of energy availability in the colon regulates intestinal transit
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsl2mur%2FO, PID: 24237703
    • Wichmann A, Allahyar A, Greiner TU, Plovier H, Lundén GO, Larsson T, et al. Microbial modulation of energy availability in the colon regulates intestinal transit. Cell Host Microbe. 2013;14:582–90.
    • (2013) Cell Host Microbe , vol.14 , pp. 582-590
    • Wichmann, A.1    Allahyar, A.2    Greiner, T.U.3    Plovier, H.4    Lundén, G.O.5    Larsson, T.6
  • 46
    • 84908295120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal regulation of urinary sodium excretion and the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease: a focus on glucagon-like peptide 1 and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in diabetic kidney disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhsFeltrzP, PID: 25085841
    • Vallon V, Docherty NG. Intestinal regulation of urinary sodium excretion and the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease: a focus on glucagon-like peptide 1 and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in diabetic kidney disease. Exp Physiol. 2014;99:1140–5.
    • (2014) Exp Physiol , vol.99 , pp. 1140-1145
    • Vallon, V.1    Docherty, N.G.2
  • 47
    • 84927668122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms in endocrinology: gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Allin KH, Nielsen T, Pedersen O. Mechanisms in endocrinology: gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;172:167–77.
    • (2015) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.172 , pp. 167-177
    • Allin, K.H.1    Nielsen, T.2    Pedersen, O.3
  • 48
    • 84959044041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the gut microbiome in uremia: a potential therapeutic target
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhvVKmsbrO, PID: 26590448
    • Ramezani A, Massy ZA, Meijers B, Evenepoel P, Vanholder R, Raj DS. Role of the gut microbiome in uremia: a potential therapeutic target. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016;67:483–98.
    • (2016) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.67 , pp. 483-498
    • Ramezani, A.1    Massy, Z.A.2    Meijers, B.3    Evenepoel, P.4    Vanholder, R.5    Raj, D.S.6
  • 51
  • 52
    • 84892828465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtFOls78%3D, PID: 24336217
    • David LA, Maurice CF, Carmody RN, Gootenberg DB, Button JE, Wolfe BE, et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014;505:559–63.
    • (2014) Nature , vol.505 , pp. 559-563
    • David, L.A.1    Maurice, C.F.2    Carmody, R.N.3    Gootenberg, D.B.4    Button, J.E.5    Wolfe, B.E.6
  • 53
    • 84856745856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xns1ahtA%3D%3D, PID: 22012132
    • Krishnamurthy VMR, Wei G, Baird BC, Murtaugh M, Chonchol MB, Raphael KL, et al. High dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2012;81:300–6.
    • (2012) Kidney Int , vol.81 , pp. 300-306
    • Krishnamurthy, V.M.R.1    Wei, G.2    Baird, B.C.3    Murtaugh, M.4    Chonchol, M.B.5    Raphael, K.L.6
  • 54
    • 0344945427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for impaired assimilation of protein in chronic renal failure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvFOqt74%3D, PID: 14633143
    • Bammens B, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P. Evidence for impaired assimilation of protein in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 2003;64:2196–203.
    • (2003) Kidney Int , vol.64 , pp. 2196-2203
    • Bammens, B.1    Verbeke, K.2    Vanrenterghem, Y.3    Evenepoel, P.4
  • 55
    • 84885001233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary protein metabolism by gut microbiota and its consequences for chronic kidney disease patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsV2nsbjL
    • Mafra D, Barros AF, Fouque D. Dietary protein metabolism by gut microbiota and its consequences for chronic kidney disease patients. Futur Microbiol. 2013;8:1317–23.
    • (2013) Futur Microbiol , vol.8 , pp. 1317-1323
    • Mafra, D.1    Barros, A.F.2    Fouque, D.3
  • 56
    • 84870936271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut microbial activity, implications for health and disease: the potential role of metabolite analysis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xhs1Wjt7bP, PID: 23116228
    • Nyangale EP, Mottram DS, Gibson GR. Gut microbial activity, implications for health and disease: the potential role of metabolite analysis. J Proteome Res. 2012;11:5573–85.
    • (2012) J Proteome Res , vol.11 , pp. 5573-5585
    • Nyangale, E.P.1    Mottram, D.S.2    Gibson, G.R.3
  • 57
    • 16544368215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairment of small intestinal protein assimilation in patients with end-stage renal disease: extending the malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis concept
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFShtbrI, PID: 15585765
    • Bammens B, Evenepoel P, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y. Impairment of small intestinal protein assimilation in patients with end-stage renal disease: extending the malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis concept. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:1536–43.
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , pp. 1536-1543
    • Bammens, B.1    Evenepoel, P.2    Verbeke, K.3    Vanrenterghem, Y.4
  • 60
    • 84895932141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of urease- and uricase-containing, indole- and p-cresol-forming and contraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing intestinal microbiota in ESRD
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXmtVWlsbY%3D, PID: 24643131
    • Wong J, Piceno YM, DeSantis TZ, Pahl M, Andersen GL, Vaziri ND. Expansion of urease- and uricase-containing, indole- and p-cresol-forming and contraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing intestinal microbiota in ESRD. Am J Nephrol. 2014;39:230–7.
    • (2014) Am J Nephrol , vol.39 , pp. 230-237
    • Wong, J.1    Piceno, Y.M.2    DeSantis, T.Z.3    Pahl, M.4    Andersen, G.L.5    Vaziri, N.D.6
  • 61
    • 0027458395 scopus 로고
    • The gastrointestinal tract in uremia
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3s7ksFyjtg%3D%3D, PID: 8425438
    • Kang JY. The gastrointestinal tract in uremia. Dig Dis Sci. 1993;38:257–68.
    • (1993) Dig Dis Sci , vol.38 , pp. 257-268
    • Kang, J.Y.1
  • 62
    • 0028806180 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic experimental renal insufficiency on urate metabolism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xnt1Y%3D, PID: 8589304
    • Vaziri N, Freel W, Hatch M. Effect of chronic experimental renal insufficiency on urate metabolism. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1995;6:1313–7.
    • (1995) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.6 , pp. 1313-1317
    • Vaziri, N.1    Freel, W.2    Hatch, M.3
  • 63
    • 0028318333 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced enteric excretion of urate in rats with chronic renal failure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXltVGktb4%3D
    • Hatch M, Vaziri ND. Enhanced enteric excretion of urate in rats with chronic renal failure. Clin Sci (Lond). 1994;86:511–6.
    • (1994) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.86 , pp. 511-516
    • Hatch, M.1    Vaziri, N.D.2
  • 64
    • 0028725183 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal excretion of oxalate in chronic renal failure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjsF2isr0%3D, PID: 7893999
    • Hatch M, Freel RW, Vaziri ND. Intestinal excretion of oxalate in chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;5:1339–43.
    • (1994) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.5 , pp. 1339-1343
    • Hatch, M.1    Freel, R.W.2    Vaziri, N.D.3
  • 66
    • 84896897434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prominent accumulation in hemodialysis patients of solutes normally cleared by tubular secretion
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXnt1Knsrs%3D, PID: 24231664
    • Sirich TL, Funk BA, Plummer NS, Hostetter TH, Meyer TW. Prominent accumulation in hemodialysis patients of solutes normally cleared by tubular secretion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:615–22.
    • (2014) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.25 , pp. 615-622
    • Sirich, T.L.1    Funk, B.A.2    Plummer, N.S.3    Hostetter, T.H.4    Meyer, T.W.5
  • 67
    • 38049081114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uremic toxins: do we know enough to explain uremia?
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1c%2FhsF2qsg%3D%3D, PID: 18182802
    • Vanholder R, Meert N, Schepers E, Glorieux G. Uremic toxins: do we know enough to explain uremia? Blood Purif. 2008;26:77–81.
    • (2008) Blood Purif , vol.26 , pp. 77-81
    • Vanholder, R.1    Meert, N.2    Schepers, E.3    Glorieux, G.4
  • 69
    • 84921293229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum concentrations of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate, but not inflammatory markers, increase in incident peritoneal dialysis patients in parallel with loss of residual renal function
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXpsVGkurY%3D, PID: 24179107
    • Viaene L, Meijers BKI, Bammens B, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P. Serum concentrations of p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate, but not inflammatory markers, increase in incident peritoneal dialysis patients in parallel with loss of residual renal function. Perit Dial Int. 2014;34:71–8.
    • (2014) Perit Dial Int , vol.34 , pp. 71-78
    • Viaene, L.1    Meijers, B.K.I.2    Bammens, B.3    Vanrenterghem, Y.4    Evenepoel, P.5
  • 72
    • 77950234472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free p-cresylsulphate is a predictor of mortality in patients at different stages of chronic kidney disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjvF2hsLg%3D, PID: 19914995
    • Liabeuf S, Barreto DV, Barreto FC, Meert N, Glorieux G, Schepers E, et al. Free p-cresylsulphate is a predictor of mortality in patients at different stages of chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25:1183–91.
    • (2010) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.25 , pp. 1183-1191
    • Liabeuf, S.1    Barreto, D.V.2    Barreto, F.C.3    Meert, N.4    Glorieux, G.5    Schepers, E.6
  • 73
    • 79959371430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular incompetence in dialysis patients—protein-bound uremic toxins and endothelial dysfunction
    • PID: 21682773
    • Jourde-Chiche N, Dou L, Cerini C, Dignat-George F, Brunet P. Vascular incompetence in dialysis patients—protein-bound uremic toxins and endothelial dysfunction. Semin Dial. 2011;24:327–37.
    • (2011) Semin Dial , vol.24 , pp. 327-337
    • Jourde-Chiche, N.1    Dou, L.2    Cerini, C.3    Dignat-George, F.4    Brunet, P.5
  • 74
    • 84894635174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein-bound uremic toxins: new culprits of cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients
    • Ito S, Yoshida M. Protein-bound uremic toxins: new culprits of cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients. Toxins (Basel). 2014;6:665–78.
    • (2014) Toxins (Basel) , vol.6 , pp. 665-678
    • Ito, S.1    Yoshida, M.2
  • 75
    • 34250163587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The uremic solute indoxyl sulfate induces oxidative stress in endothelial cells
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXntl2ktLw%3D, PID: 17403109
    • Dou L, Jourde-Chiche N, Faure V, Cerini C, Berland Y, Dignat-George F, et al. The uremic solute indoxyl sulfate induces oxidative stress in endothelial cells. J Thromb Haemost. 2007;5:1302–8.
    • (2007) J Thromb Haemost , vol.5 , pp. 1302-1308
    • Dou, L.1    Jourde-Chiche, N.2    Faure, V.3    Cerini, C.4    Berland, Y.5    Dignat-George, F.6
  • 76
    • 79251528072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoxyl sulfate-induced endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease via an induction of oxidative stress
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXisVCiu7k%3D, PID: 20876676
    • Yu M, Kim YJ, Kang D-H. Indoxyl sulfate-induced endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease via an induction of oxidative stress. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6:30–9.
    • (2011) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.6 , pp. 30-39
    • Yu, M.1    Kim, Y.J.2    Kang, D.-H.3
  • 77
    • 73349083067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum indoxyl sulfate is associated with vascular disease and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtlGgur%2FJ, PID: 19696217
    • Barreto FC, Barreto DV, Liabeuf S, Meert N, Glorieux G, Temmar M, et al. Serum indoxyl sulfate is associated with vascular disease and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:1551–8.
    • (2009) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 1551-1558
    • Barreto, F.C.1    Barreto, D.V.2    Liabeuf, S.3    Meert, N.4    Glorieux, G.5    Temmar, M.6
  • 78
    • 84901794277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein-bound uremic toxins, inflammation and oxidative stress: a cross-sectional study in stage 3–4 chronic kidney disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXpvFSru7k%3D, PID: 24751327
    • Rossi M, Campbell KL, Johnson DW, Stanton T, Vesey DA, Coombes JS, et al. Protein-bound uremic toxins, inflammation and oxidative stress: a cross-sectional study in stage 3–4 chronic kidney disease. Arch Med Res. 2014;45:309–17.
    • (2014) Arch Med Res , vol.45 , pp. 309-317
    • Rossi, M.1    Campbell, K.L.2    Johnson, D.W.3    Stanton, T.4    Vesey, D.A.5    Coombes, J.S.6
  • 79
    • 84939415637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics and prebiotics: a brief overview
    • PID: 11953920
    • Chow J. Probiotics and prebiotics: a brief overview. J Ren Nutr. 2002;12:76–86.
    • (2002) J Ren Nutr , vol.12 , pp. 76-86
    • Chow, J.1
  • 81
    • 2942717102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo effects of bifidobacteria and lactoferrin on gut endotoxin concentration and mucosal immunity in Balb/c mice
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjs1Wqurg%3D, PID: 15185861
    • Griffiths EA, Duffy LC, Schanbacher FL, Qiao H, Dryja D, Leavens A, et al. In vivo effects of bifidobacteria and lactoferrin on gut endotoxin concentration and mucosal immunity in Balb/c mice. Dig Dis Sci. 2004;49:579–89.
    • (2004) Dig Dis Sci , vol.49 , pp. 579-589
    • Griffiths, E.A.1    Duffy, L.C.2    Schanbacher, F.L.3    Qiao, H.4    Dryja, D.5    Leavens, A.6
  • 82
    • 67651173077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXlvV2ktbw%3D, PID: 19444259
    • Lovshin JA, Drucker DJ. Incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5:262–9.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.5 , pp. 262-269
    • Lovshin, J.A.1    Drucker, D.J.2
  • 84
    • 69549114504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Butyrate enhances the intestinal barrier by facilitating tight junction assembly via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase
    • Monolayers C-C, Peng L, Li Z, Green RS, Holzman IR, Lin J. Butyrate enhances the intestinal barrier by facilitating tight junction assembly via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. J Nutr. 2009;139:1619–25.
    • (2009) J Nutr , vol.139 , pp. 1619-1625
    • Monolayers, C.-C.1    Peng, L.2    Li, Z.3    Green, R.S.4    Holzman, I.R.5    Lin, J.6
  • 85
    • 84866738529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xht1GlurzE, PID: 22728514
    • Vrieze A, Van Nood E, Holleman F, Salojarvi J, Kootte RS, Bartelsman JF, et al. Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2012;143:913–916.e7.
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.143 , pp. 913-916.e7
    • Vrieze, A.1    Van Nood, E.2    Holleman, F.3    Salojarvi, J.4    Kootte, R.S.5    Bartelsman, J.F.6
  • 86
    • 84883418106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial metabolic effects of a probiotic via butyrate-induced GLP-1 hormone secretion
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtlyjt7jJ, PID: 23836895
    • Yadav H, Lee JH, Lloyd J, Walter P, Rane SG. Beneficial metabolic effects of a probiotic via butyrate-induced GLP-1 hormone secretion. J Biol Chem. 2013;288:25088–97.
    • (2013) J Biol Chem , vol.288 , pp. 25088-25097
    • Yadav, H.1    Lee, J.H.2    Lloyd, J.3    Walter, P.4    Rane, S.G.5
  • 87
    • 84878465280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtFait7rM, PID: 23671105
    • Everard A, Belzer C, Geurts L, Ouwerkerk JP, Druart C, Bindels LB, et al. Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:9066–71.
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , pp. 9066-9071
    • Everard, A.1    Belzer, C.2    Geurts, L.3    Ouwerkerk, J.P.4    Druart, C.5    Bindels, L.B.6
  • 88
    • 84893403953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-fat diet reduces the formation of butyrate, but increases succinate, inflammation, liver fat and cholesterol in rats, while dietary fibre counteracts these effects
    • PID: 24236183
    • Jakobsdottir G, Xu J, Molin G, Ahrne S, Nyman M. High-fat diet reduces the formation of butyrate, but increases succinate, inflammation, liver fat and cholesterol in rats, while dietary fibre counteracts these effects. PLoS One. 2013;8:e80476.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Jakobsdottir, G.1    Xu, J.2    Molin, G.3    Ahrne, S.4    Nyman, M.5
  • 89
    • 34848912627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective increases of bifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-diet-induced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with endotoxaemia
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtFSlsLzP, PID: 17823788
    • Cani PD, Neyrinck AM, Fava F, Knauf C, Burcelin RG, Tuohy KM, et al. Selective increases of bifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-diet-induced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with endotoxaemia. Diabetologia. 2007;50:2374–83.
    • (2007) Diabetologia , vol.50 , pp. 2374-2383
    • Cani, P.D.1    Neyrinck, A.M.2    Fava, F.3    Knauf, C.4    Burcelin, R.G.5    Tuohy, K.M.6
  • 90
    • 27244434038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-sensitizing effects of dietary resistant starch and effects on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVaksL%2FF, PID: 16155268
    • Robertson MD, Bickerton AS, Dennis AL, Vidal H, Frayn KN. Insulin-sensitizing effects of dietary resistant starch and effects on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:559–67.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.82 , pp. 559-567
    • Robertson, M.D.1    Bickerton, A.S.2    Dennis, A.L.3    Vidal, H.4    Frayn, K.N.5
  • 91
    • 84908233518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVSnt77J, PID: 24763370
    • Salonen A, Lahti L, Salojarvi J, Holtrop G, Korpela K, Duncan SH, et al. Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men. ISME J. 2014;8:2218–30.
    • (2014) ISME J , vol.8 , pp. 2218-2230
    • Salonen, A.1    Lahti, L.2    Salojarvi, J.3    Holtrop, G.4    Korpela, K.5    Duncan, S.H.6
  • 92
    • 84949491459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fiber-induced improvement in glucose metabolism Is associated with increased abundance of Prevotella
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhsl2mtr%2FM, PID: 26552345
    • Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Nilsson A, Akrami R, Lee YS, De Vadder F, Arora T, et al. Dietary fiber-induced improvement in glucose metabolism Is associated with increased abundance of Prevotella. Cell Metab. 2015;22:971–82.
    • (2015) Cell Metab , vol.22 , pp. 971-982
    • Kovatcheva-Datchary, P.1    Nilsson, A.2    Akrami, R.3    Lee, Y.S.4    De Vadder, F.5    Arora, T.6
  • 93
    • 0037374177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bifidobacterium in gastro-resistant seamless capsule reduces serum levels of indoxyl sulfate in patients on hemodialysis
    • PID: 12612972
    • Takayama F, Taki K, Niwa T. Bifidobacterium in gastro-resistant seamless capsule reduces serum levels of indoxyl sulfate in patients on hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;41:S142–5.
    • (2003) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.41 , pp. S142-S145
    • Takayama, F.1    Taki, K.2    Niwa, T.3
  • 94
    • 67650812006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotic dietary supplementation in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease: a 6-month pilot scale trial in Canada
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXoslalsr0%3D, PID: 19558344
    • Ranganathan N, Friedman EA, Tam P, Rao V, Ranganathan P, Dheer R. Probiotic dietary supplementation in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease: a 6-month pilot scale trial in Canada. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009;25:1919–30.
    • (2009) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.25 , pp. 1919-1930
    • Ranganathan, N.1    Friedman, E.A.2    Tam, P.3    Rao, V.4    Ranganathan, P.5    Dheer, R.6
  • 95
    • 77956218438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of probiotic dietary supplementation for promoting healthy kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease
    • PID: 20721651
    • Ranganathan N, Ranganathan P, Friedman EA, Joseph A, Delano B, Goldfarb DS, et al. Pilot study of probiotic dietary supplementation for promoting healthy kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease. Adv Ther. 2010;27:634–47.
    • (2010) Adv Ther , vol.27 , pp. 634-647
    • Ranganathan, N.1    Ranganathan, P.2    Friedman, E.A.3    Joseph, A.4    Delano, B.5    Goldfarb, D.S.6
  • 97
    • 0029978134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementation with gum arabic fiber increases fecal nitrogen excretion and lowers serum urea nitrogen concentration in chronic renal failure patients consuming a low-protein diet
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XitVGqs74%3D, PID: 8602598
    • Bliss DZ, Stein TP, Schleifer CR, Settle RG. Supplementation with gum arabic fiber increases fecal nitrogen excretion and lowers serum urea nitrogen concentration in chronic renal failure patients consuming a low-protein diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:392–8.
    • (1996) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , pp. 392-398
    • Bliss, D.Z.1    Stein, T.P.2    Schleifer, C.R.3    Settle, R.G.4
  • 98
    • 72949119718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p-Cresyl sulfate serum concentrations in haemodialysis patients are reduced by the prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhs1WltLrF, PID: 19692415
    • Meijers BKI, De Preter V, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P. p-Cresyl sulfate serum concentrations in haemodialysis patients are reduced by the prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25:219–24.
    • (2010) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.25 , pp. 219-224
    • Meijers, B.K.I.1    De Preter, V.2    Verbeke, K.3    Vanrenterghem, Y.4    Evenepoel, P.5
  • 99
    • 84874236270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foods with added fiber lower serum creatinine levels in patients with chronic kidney disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXislyrtbg%3D, PID: 22739658
    • Salmean YA, Segal MS, Langkamp-Henken B, Canales MT, Zello GA, Dahl WJ. Foods with added fiber lower serum creatinine levels in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr. 2013;23:e29–32.
    • (2013) J Ren Nutr , vol.23 , pp. e29-e32
    • Salmean, Y.A.1    Segal, M.S.2    Langkamp-Henken, B.3    Canales, M.T.4    Zello, G.A.5    Dahl, W.J.6
  • 100
    • 79952176810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of synbiotic treatment on serum level of p-cresol in haemodialysis patients: a preliminary study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXis1eisrc%3D, PID: 20929916
    • Nakabayashi I, Nakamura M, Kawakami K, Ohta T, Kato I, Uchida K, et al. Effects of synbiotic treatment on serum level of p-cresol in haemodialysis patients: a preliminary study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26:1094–8.
    • (2011) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.26 , pp. 1094-1098
    • Nakabayashi, I.1    Nakamura, M.2    Kawakami, K.3    Ohta, T.4    Kato, I.5    Uchida, K.6
  • 102
    • 84957107822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synbiotics easing renal failure by improving gut microbiology (SYNERGY): a randomized trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XitV2qsbnJ, PID: 26772193
    • Rossi M, Johnson DW, Morrison M, Pascoe EM, Coombes JS, Forbes JM, et al. Synbiotics easing renal failure by improving gut microbiology (SYNERGY): a randomized trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11:223–31.
    • (2016) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.11 , pp. 223-231
    • Rossi, M.1    Johnson, D.W.2    Morrison, M.3    Pascoe, E.M.4    Coombes, J.S.5    Forbes, J.M.6
  • 104
    • 85010402862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosola C, De Angelis M, Rocchetti MT, Montemurno E, Maranzano V, Dalfino G, et al. Beta-glucans supplementation associates with reduction in p-cresyl sulfate levels and improved endothelial vascular reactivity in healthy individuals. 12(1):e0169635
    • Cosola C, De Angelis M, Rocchetti MT, Montemurno E, Maranzano V, Dalfino G, et al. Beta-glucans supplementation associates with reduction in p-cresyl sulfate levels and improved endothelial vascular reactivity in healthy individuals. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169635. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169635.
    • (2017) PLoS One.
  • 105
    • 0029834566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the accumulation of uremic toxins in the blood and their precursors in the feces after oral administration of Lebenin, a lactic acid bacteria preparation, to uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmtlCrtL4%3D, PID: 8893154
    • Hida M, Aiba Y, Sawamura S, Suzuki N, Satoh T, Koga Y. Inhibition of the accumulation of uremic toxins in the blood and their precursors in the feces after oral administration of Lebenin, a lactic acid bacteria preparation, to uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis. Nephron. 1996;74:349–55.
    • (1996) Nephron , vol.74 , pp. 349-355
    • Hida, M.1    Aiba, Y.2    Sawamura, S.3    Suzuki, N.4    Satoh, T.5    Koga, Y.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.