메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 254-268

Interrogating open issues in cancer precision medicine with patient-derived xenografts

(42)  Byrne, Annette T a   Alférez, Denis G b   Amant, Frédéric d   Annibali, Daniela e   Arribas, Joaquín f   Biankin, Andrew V c,d   Bruna, Alejandra f   Budinská, Eva g   Caldas, Carlos h   Chang, David K f   Clarke, Robert B h   Clevers, Hans h   Coukos, George i   Dangles Marie, Virginie b   Gail Eckhardt, S c   Gonzalez Suarez, Eva d   Hermans, Els d   Hidalgo, Manuel d   Jarzabek, Monika A a   De Jong, Steven j   more..


Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER PATIENT; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL OUTCOME; COLORECTAL CANCER; DISTANT METASTASIS; HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; HUMAN; MALIGNANT NEOPLASM; MELANOMA; NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER; PANCREAS ADENOCARCINOMA; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER; TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER; TUMOR GROWTH; TUMOR XENOGRAFT; ANIMAL; CANCER STEM CELL; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DISEASE MODEL; DRUG RESISTANCE; DRUG SCREENING; IMMUNOTHERAPY; METASTASIS; MOUSE; NEOPLASMS; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY;

EID: 85009959524     PISSN: 1474175X     EISSN: 14741768     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2016.140     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (546)

References (179)
  • 1
    • 77957364747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating cancer research into targeted therapeutics
    • de Bono, J. S. & Ashworth, A. Translating cancer research into targeted therapeutics. Nature 467, 543-549 (2010).
    • (2010) Nature , vol.467 , pp. 543-549
    • De Bono, J.S.1    Ashworth, A.2
  • 2
    • 65949099336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A primary xenograft model of small-cell lung cancer reveals irreversible changes in gene expression imposed by culture in vitro
    • Daniel, V. C. et al. A primary xenograft model of small-cell lung cancer reveals irreversible changes in gene expression imposed by culture in vitro. Cancer Res. 69, 3364-3373 (2009).
    • (2009) Cancer Res. , vol.69 , pp. 3364-3373
    • Daniel, V.C.1
  • 3
    • 79955601786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial watch: Phase II failures: 2008-2010
    • Arrowsmith, J. Trial watch: phase II failures: 2008-2010. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 10, 328-329 (2011).
    • (2011) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.10 , pp. 328-329
    • Arrowsmith, J.1
  • 4
    • 84881296154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial watch: Phase II and phase III attrition rates 2011-2012
    • Arrowsmith, J. & Miller, P. Trial watch: phase II and phase III attrition rates 2011-2012. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 12, 569 (2013).
    • (2013) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.12 , pp. 569
    • Arrowsmith, J.1    Miller, P.2
  • 5
    • 77649234756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to improve R&D productivity: The pharmaceutical industry's grand challenge
    • Paul, S. M. et al. How to improve R&D productivity: the pharmaceutical industry's grand challenge. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 9, 203-214 (2010).
    • (2010) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.9 , pp. 203-214
    • Paul, S.M.1
  • 6
    • 84862772839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecularly annotated platform of patient-derived xenografts ("xenopatients") identifies HER2 as an effective therapeutic target in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer
    • Bertotti, A. et al. A molecularly annotated platform of patient-derived xenografts ("xenopatients") identifies HER2 as an effective therapeutic target in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer. Cancer Discov. 1, 508-523 (2011).
    • (2011) Cancer Discov. , vol.1 , pp. 508-523
    • Bertotti, A.1
  • 7
    • 84944079826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genomic landscape of response to EGFR blockade in colorectal cancer
    • Bertotti, A. et al. The genomic landscape of response to EGFR blockade in colorectal cancer. Nature 526, 263-267 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature , vol.526 , pp. 263-267
    • Bertotti, A.1
  • 8
    • 81255135837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor grafts derived from women with breast cancer authentically reflect tumor pathology, growth, metastasis and disease outcomes
    • DeRose, Y. S. et al. Tumor grafts derived from women with breast cancer authentically reflect tumor pathology, growth, metastasis and disease outcomes. Nat. Med. 17, 1514-1520 (2011).
    • (2011) Nat. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 1514-1520
    • DeRose, Y.S.1
  • 9
    • 84946209341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-throughput screening using patient-derived tumor xenografts to predict clinical trial drug response
    • Gao, H. et al. High-throughput screening using patient-derived tumor xenografts to predict clinical trial drug response. Nat. Med. 21, 1318-1325 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Med. , vol.21 , pp. 1318-1325
    • Gao, H.1
  • 10
    • 84906895091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived xenograft models: An emerging platform for translational cancer research
    • Hidalgo, M. et al. Patient-derived xenograft models: an emerging platform for translational cancer research. Cancer Discov. 4, 998-1013 (2014).
    • (2014) Cancer Discov. , vol.4 , pp. 998-1013
    • Hidalgo, M.1
  • 11
    • 84883477300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived tumor xenografts: Transforming clinical samples into mouse models
    • Siolas, D. & Hannon, G. J. Patient-derived tumor xenografts: transforming clinical samples into mouse models. Cancer Res. 73, 5315-5319 (2013).
    • (2013) Cancer Res. , vol.73 , pp. 5315-5319
    • Siolas, D.1    Hannon, G.J.2
  • 12
    • 84861719757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived tumour xenografts as models for oncology drug development
    • Tentler, J. J. et al. Patient-derived tumour xenografts as models for oncology drug development. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 9, 338-350 (2012).
    • (2012) Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. , vol.9 , pp. 338-350
    • Tentler, J.J.1
  • 13
    • 84948464999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical mouse cancer models: A maze of opportunities and challenges
    • Day, C. P., Merlino, G. & Van Dyke, T. Preclinical mouse cancer models: a maze of opportunities and challenges. Cell 163, 39-53 (2015).
    • (2015) Cell , vol.163 , pp. 39-53
    • Day, C.P.1    Merlino, G.2    Van Dyke, T.3
  • 14
    • 84937970942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumorigenesis: It takes a village
    • Tabassum, D. P. & Polyak, K. Tumorigenesis: it takes a village. Nat. Rev. Cancer 15, 473-483 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.15 , pp. 473-483
    • Tabassum, D.P.1    Polyak, K.2
  • 15
    • 84874354257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implications of clonal genome evolution for cancer medicine
    • Aparicio, S. & Caldas, C. The implications of clonal genome evolution for cancer medicine. N. Engl. J. Med. 368, 842-851 (2013).
    • (2013) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.368 , pp. 842-851
    • Aparicio, S.1    Caldas, C.2
  • 16
    • 84893830795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of tumor evolution during chemotherapy by computational modeling and in situ analysis of genetic and phenotypic cellular diversity
    • Almendro, V. et al. Inference of tumor evolution during chemotherapy by computational modeling and in situ analysis of genetic and phenotypic cellular diversity. Cell Rep. 6, 514-527 (2014).
    • (2014) Cell Rep. , vol.6 , pp. 514-527
    • Almendro, V.1
  • 17
    • 84896125494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the cancer stem cell model
    • Kreso, A. & Dick, J. E. Evolution of the cancer stem cell model. Cell Stem Cell 14, 275-291 (2014).
    • (2014) Cell Stem Cell , vol.14 , pp. 275-291
    • Kreso, A.1    Dick, J.E.2
  • 18
    • 84873084388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variable clonal repopulation dynamics influence chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer
    • Kreso, A. et al. Variable clonal repopulation dynamics influence chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer. Science 339, 543-548 (2013).
    • (2013) Science , vol.339 , pp. 543-548
    • Kreso, A.1
  • 19
    • 84860214990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-tumour heterogeneity: A looking glass for cancer? Nat
    • Marusyk, A., Almendro, V. & Polyak, K. Intra-tumour heterogeneity: a looking glass for cancer? Nat. Rev. Cancer 12, 323-334 (2012).
    • (2012) Rev. Cancer , vol.12 , pp. 323-334
    • Marusyk, A.1    Almendro, V.2    Polyak, K.3
  • 20
    • 33645396945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic clonal diversity predicts progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma
    • Maley, C. C. et al. Genetic clonal diversity predicts progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Nat. Genet. 38, 468-473 (2006).
    • (2006) Nat. Genet. , vol.38 , pp. 468-473
    • Maley, C.C.1
  • 21
    • 84861527388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genomic and transcriptomic architecture of 2, 000 breast tumours reveals novel subgroups
    • Curtis, C. et al. The genomic and transcriptomic architecture of 2, 000 breast tumours reveals novel subgroups. Nature 486, 346-352 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature , vol.486 , pp. 346-352
    • Curtis, C.1
  • 22
    • 84875217358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new genome-driven integrated classification of breast cancer and its implications
    • Dawson, S. J., Rueda, O. M., Aparicio, S. & Caldas, C. A new genome-driven integrated classification of breast cancer and its implications. EMBO J. 32, 617-628 (2013).
    • (2013) EMBO J. , vol.32 , pp. 617-628
    • Dawson, S.J.1    Rueda, O.M.2    Aparicio, S.3    Caldas, C.4
  • 23
    • 84862526929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clonal and mutational evolution spectrum of primary triple-negative breast cancers
    • Shah, S. P. et al. The clonal and mutational evolution spectrum of primary triple-negative breast cancers. Nature 486, 395-399 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature , vol.486 , pp. 395-399
    • Shah, S.P.1
  • 24
    • 84925229458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of genomic clones in breast cancer patient xenografts at single-cell resolution
    • Eirew, P. et al. Dynamics of genomic clones in breast cancer patient xenografts at single-cell resolution. Nature 518, 422-426 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature , vol.518 , pp. 422-426
    • Eirew, P.1
  • 25
    • 84861550476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The life history of 21 breast cancers
    • Nik-Zainal, S. et al. The life history of 21 breast cancers. Cell 149, 994-1007 (2012).
    • (2012) Cell , vol.149 , pp. 994-1007
    • Nik-Zainal, S.1
  • 26
    • 84937761544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studying clonal dynamics in response to cancer therapy using high-complexity barcoding
    • Bhang, H. E. et al. Studying clonal dynamics in response to cancer therapy using high-complexity barcoding. Nat. Med. 21, 440-448 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Med. , vol.21 , pp. 440-448
    • Bhang, H.E.1
  • 27
    • 84898717745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of constitutively active estrogen receptor-α mutations in pretreated advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
    • Jeselsohn, R. et al. Emergence of constitutively active estrogen receptor-α mutations in pretreated advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 20, 1757-1767 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.20 , pp. 1757-1767
    • Jeselsohn, R.1
  • 28
    • 84946559772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multifocal clonal evolution characterized using circulating tumour DNA in a case of metastatic breast cancer
    • Murtaza, M. et al. Multifocal clonal evolution characterized using circulating tumour DNA in a case of metastatic breast cancer. Nat. Commun. 6, 8760 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Commun. , vol.6 , pp. 8760
    • Murtaza, M.1
  • 29
    • 84988664167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A biobank of breast cancer explants with preserved intra-tumor heterogeneity to screen anticancer compounds
    • Bruna, A. et al. A biobank of breast cancer explants with preserved intra-tumor heterogeneity to screen anticancer compounds. Cell 167, 1-15 (2016).
    • (2016) Cell , vol.167 , pp. 1-15
    • Bruna, A.1
  • 30
    • 34447123764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new model of patient tumor-derived breast cancer xenografts for preclinical assays
    • Marangoni, E. et al. A new model of patient tumor-derived breast cancer xenografts for preclinical assays. Clin. Cancer Res. 13, 3989-3998 (2007).
    • (2007) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.13 , pp. 3989-3998
    • Marangoni, E.1
  • 31
    • 84884559238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine-therapy-resistant ESR1 variants revealed by genomic characterization of breast-cancer-derived xenografts
    • Li, S. et al. Endocrine-therapy-resistant ESR1 variants revealed by genomic characterization of breast-cancer-derived xenografts. Cell Rep. 4, 1116-1130 (2013).
    • (2013) Cell Rep. , vol.4 , pp. 1116-1130
    • Li, S.1
  • 32
    • 84942866389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintaining tumor heterogeneity in patient-derived tumor xenografts
    • Cassidy, J. W., Caldas, C. & Bruna, A. Maintaining tumor heterogeneity in patient-derived tumor xenografts. Cancer Res. 75, 2963-2968 (2015).
    • (2015) Cancer Res. , vol.75 , pp. 2963-2968
    • Cassidy, J.W.1    Caldas, C.2    Bruna, A.3
  • 33
    • 84905993236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired resistance to endocrine treatments is associated with tumor-specific molecular changes in patient-derived luminal breast cancer xenografts
    • Cottu, P. et al. Acquired resistance to endocrine treatments is associated with tumor-specific molecular changes in patient-derived luminal breast cancer xenografts. Clin. Cancer Res. 20, 4314-4325 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.20 , pp. 4314-4325
    • Cottu, P.1
  • 34
    • 85014855146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of therapy resistance in patient-derived xenograft models of BRCA1-deficient breast cancer
    • Ter Brugge, P. et al. Mechanisms of therapy resistance in patient-derived xenograft models of BRCA1-deficient breast cancer. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 108, djw148 (2016).
    • (2016) J. Natl Cancer Inst. , vol.108 , pp. djw148
    • Ter Brugge, P.1
  • 35
    • 84940790892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-and inter-tumor heterogeneity in a vemurafenib-resistant melanoma patient and derived xenografts
    • Kemper, K. et al. Intra-and inter-tumor heterogeneity in a vemurafenib-resistant melanoma patient and derived xenografts. EMBO Mol. Med. 7, 1104-1118 (2015).
    • (2015) EMBO Mol. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 1104-1118
    • Kemper, K.1
  • 36
    • 84891898344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired resistance and clonal evolution in melanoma during BRAF inhibitor therapy
    • Shi, H. et al. Acquired resistance and clonal evolution in melanoma during BRAF inhibitor therapy. Cancer Discov. 4, 80-93 (2014).
    • (2014) Cancer Discov. , vol.4 , pp. 80-93
    • Shi, H.1
  • 37
    • 84963614956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissecting the multicellular ecosystem of metastatic melanoma by single-cell RNA-seq
    • Tirosh, I. et al. Dissecting the multicellular ecosystem of metastatic melanoma by single-cell RNA-seq. Science 352, 189-196 (2016).
    • (2016) Science , vol.352 , pp. 189-196
    • Tirosh, I.1
  • 38
    • 85008196691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • V600E kinase domain duplication identified in therapy-refractory melanoma patient-derived xenografts
    • V600E kinase domain duplication identified in therapy-refractory melanoma patient-derived xenografts. Cell Rep. 16, 263-277 (2016).
    • (2016) Cell Rep. , vol.16 , pp. 263-277
    • Kemper, K.1
  • 39
    • 84942906239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA barcoding reveals diverse growth kinetics of human breast tumour subclones in serially passaged xenografts
    • Nguyen, L. V. et al. DNA barcoding reveals diverse growth kinetics of human breast tumour subclones in serially passaged xenografts. Nat. Commun. 5, 5871 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Commun. , vol.5 , pp. 5871
    • Nguyen, L.V.1
  • 40
    • 84925300542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology, detection, and clinical implications of circulating tumor cells
    • Joosse, S. A., Gorges, T. M. & Pantel, K. Biology, detection, and clinical implications of circulating tumor cells. EMBO Mol. Med. 7, 1-11 (2015).
    • (2015) EMBO Mol. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 1-11
    • Joosse, S.A.1    Gorges, T.M.2    Pantel, K.3
  • 41
    • 84955515590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metastatic colonization by circulating tumour cells
    • Massague, J. & Obenauf, A. C. Metastatic colonization by circulating tumour cells. Nature 529, 298-306 (2016).
    • (2016) Nature , vol.529 , pp. 298-306
    • Massague, J.1    Obenauf, A.C.2
  • 42
    • 0028091194 scopus 로고
    • A cell initiating human acute myeloid leukaemia after transplantation into SCID mice
    • Lapidot, T. et al. A cell initiating human acute myeloid leukaemia after transplantation into SCID mice. Nature 367, 645-648 (1994).
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , pp. 645-648
    • Lapidot, T.1
  • 43
    • 73149110562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological and molecular heterogeneity of breast cancers correlates with their cancer stem cell content
    • Pece, S. et al. Biological and molecular heterogeneity of breast cancers correlates with their cancer stem cell content. Cell 140, 62-73 (2010).
    • (2010) Cell , vol.140 , pp. 62-73
    • Pece, S.1
  • 44
  • 45
    • 70449719361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of human pancreatic cancer stem cells
    • Li, C., Lee, C. J. & Simeone, D. M. Identification of human pancreatic cancer stem cells. Methods Mol. Biol. 568, 161-173 (2009).
    • (2009) Methods Mol. Biol. , vol.568 , pp. 161-173
    • Li, C.1    Lee, C.J.2    Simeone, D.M.3
  • 46
    • 84943143136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-cell analysis reveals a stem-cell program in human metastatic breast cancer cells
    • Lawson, D. A. et al. Single-cell analysis reveals a stem-cell program in human metastatic breast cancer cells. Nature 526, 131-135 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature , vol.526 , pp. 131-135
    • Lawson, D.A.1
  • 47
    • 44049100934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic resistance of tumorigenic breast cancer cells to chemotherapy
    • Li, X. et al. Intrinsic resistance of tumorigenic breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 100, 672-679 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Natl Cancer Inst. , vol.100 , pp. 672-679
    • Li, X.1
  • 48
    • 34848866647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colon cancer stem cells dictate tumor growth and resist cell death by production of interleukin-4
    • Todaro, M. et al. Colon cancer stem cells dictate tumor growth and resist cell death by production of interleukin-4. Cell Stem Cell 1, 389-402 (2007).
    • (2007) Cell Stem Cell , vol.1 , pp. 389-402
    • Todaro, M.1
  • 50
    • 84922241491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The requirement for freshly isolated human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in isolating CRC stem cells
    • Fan, F. et al. The requirement for freshly isolated human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in isolating CRC stem cells. Br. J. Cancer 112, 539-546 (2015).
    • (2015) Br. J. Cancer , vol.112 , pp. 539-546
    • Fan, F.1
  • 52
    • 84891278007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALDH1-positive cancer stem cells predict engraftment of primary breast tumors and are governed by a common stem cell program
    • Charafe-Jauffret, E. et al. ALDH1-positive cancer stem cells predict engraftment of primary breast tumors and are governed by a common stem cell program. Cancer Res. 73, 7290-7300 (2013).
    • (2013) Cancer Res. , vol.73 , pp. 7290-7300
    • Charafe-Jauffret, E.1
  • 53
    • 84908605558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular autofluorescence: A biomarker for epithelial cancer stem cells
    • Miranda-Lorenzo, I. et al. Intracellular autofluorescence: a biomarker for epithelial cancer stem cells. Nat. Methods 11, 1161-1169 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Methods , vol.11 , pp. 1161-1169
    • Miranda-Lorenzo, I.1
  • 54
    • 84954363411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microenvironmental hCAP-18/LL-37 promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by activating its cancer stem cell compartment
    • Sainz, B. Jr et al. Microenvironmental hCAP-18/LL-37 promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by activating its cancer stem cell compartment. Gut 64, 1921-1935 (2015).
    • (2015) Gut , vol.64 , pp. 1921-1935
    • Sainz, B.1
  • 55
    • 84858608410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer stem cells: Impact, heterogeneity, and uncertainty
    • Magee, J. A., Piskounova, E. & Morrison, S. J. Cancer stem cells: impact, heterogeneity, and uncertainty. Cancer Cell 21, 283-296 (2012).
    • (2012) Cancer Cell , vol.21 , pp. 283-296
    • Magee, J.A.1    Piskounova, E.2    Morrison, S.J.3
  • 56
    • 34547504504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective induction of chemotherapy resistance of mammary tumors in a conditional mouse model for hereditary breast cancer
    • Rottenberg, S. et al. Selective induction of chemotherapy resistance of mammary tumors in a conditional mouse model for hereditary breast cancer. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 12117-12122 (2007).
    • (2007) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 12117-12122
    • Rottenberg, S.1
  • 57
    • 66149168686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunitinib inhibits tumor growth and synergizes with cisplatin in orthotopic models of cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human testicular germ cell tumors
    • Castillo-Avila, W. et al. Sunitinib inhibits tumor growth and synergizes with cisplatin in orthotopic models of cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human testicular germ cell tumors. Clin. Cancer Res. 15, 3384-3395 (2009).
    • (2009) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.15 , pp. 3384-3395
    • Castillo-Avila, W.1
  • 58
    • 84893475994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PDGFRβ-AKT pathway contributes to CDDP-acquired resistance in testicular germ cell tumors
    • Juliachs, M. et al. The PDGFRβ-AKT pathway contributes to CDDP-acquired resistance in testicular germ cell tumors. Clin. Cancer Res. 20, 658-667 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.20 , pp. 658-667
    • Juliachs, M.1
  • 59
    • 84942838396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-estrogen resistance in human breast tumors is driven by JAG1-NOTCH4-dependent cancer stem cell activity
    • Simoes, B. M. et al. Anti-estrogen resistance in human breast tumors is driven by JAG1-NOTCH4-dependent cancer stem cell activity. Cell Rep. 12, 1968-1977 (2015).
    • (2015) Cell Rep. , vol.12 , pp. 1968-1977
    • Simoes, B.M.1
  • 60
    • 84970952279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early adaptation and acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
    • Herrera-Abreu, M. T. et al. Early adaptation and acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res. 76, 2301-2313 (2016).
    • (2016) Cancer Res. , vol.76 , pp. 2301-2313
    • Herrera-Abreu, M.T.1
  • 61
    • 84937573360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-cell mRNA sequencing identifies subclonal heterogeneity in anti-cancer drug responses of lung adenocarcinoma cells
    • Kim, K. T. et al. Single-cell mRNA sequencing identifies subclonal heterogeneity in anti-cancer drug responses of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Genome Biol. 16, 127 (2015).
    • (2015) Genome Biol. , vol.16 , pp. 127
    • Kim, K.T.1
  • 62
    • 84863722104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of response to endocrine therapy in a panel of human luminal breast cancer xenografts
    • Cottu, P. et al. Modeling of response to endocrine therapy in a panel of human luminal breast cancer xenografts. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 133, 595-606 (2012).
    • (2012) Breast Cancer Res. Treat. , vol.133 , pp. 595-606
    • Cottu, P.1
  • 63
    • 84881415504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A renewable tissue resource of phenotypically stable, biologically and ethnically diverse, patient-derived human breast cancer xenograft models
    • Zhang, X. et al. A renewable tissue resource of phenotypically stable, biologically and ethnically diverse, patient-derived human breast cancer xenograft models. Cancer Res. 73, 4885-4897 (2013).
    • (2013) Cancer Res. , vol.73 , pp. 4885-4897
    • Zhang, X.1
  • 64
    • 84873728334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling vemurafenib resistance in melanoma reveals a strategy to forestall drug resistance
    • Das Thakur, M. et al. Modelling vemurafenib resistance in melanoma reveals a strategy to forestall drug resistance. Nature 494, 251-255 (2013).
    • (2013) Nature , vol.494 , pp. 251-255
    • Das Thakur, M.1
  • 65
    • 84897531613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • V600E inhibition in melanoma
    • V600E inhibition in melanoma. Nature 508, 118-122 (2014).
    • (2014) Nature , vol.508 , pp. 118-122
    • Sun, C.1
  • 66
    • 84937634186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical utility of patient-derived xenografts to determine biomarkers of prognosis and map resistance pathways in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma
    • Stewart, E. L. et al. Clinical utility of patient-derived xenografts to determine biomarkers of prognosis and map resistance pathways in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 33, 2472-2480 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Clin. Oncol. , vol.33 , pp. 2472-2480
    • Stewart, E.L.1
  • 67
    • 84902545660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived xenografts for individualized care in advanced sarcoma
    • Stebbing, J. et al. Patient-derived xenografts for individualized care in advanced sarcoma. Cancer 120, 2006-2015 (2014).
    • (2014) Cancer , vol.120 , pp. 2006-2015
    • Stebbing, J.1
  • 68
    • 84896689570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular profiling of the residual disease of triple-negative breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy identifies actionable therapeutic targets
    • Balko, J. M. et al. Molecular profiling of the residual disease of triple-negative breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy identifies actionable therapeutic targets. Cancer Discov. 4, 232-245 (2014).
    • (2014) Cancer Discov. , vol.4 , pp. 232-245
    • Balko, J.M.1
  • 69
    • 84930037960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cellular senescence on the growth of HER2-positive breast cancers
    • Zacarias-Fluck, M. F. et al. Effect of cellular senescence on the growth of HER2-positive breast cancers. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 107, djv020 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Natl Cancer Inst. , vol.107 , pp. djv020
    • Zacarias-Fluck, M.F.1
  • 70
    • 0034922952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human-SCID mouse chimeric models for the evaluation of anti-cancer therapies
    • Bankert, R. B., Egilmez, N. K. & Hess, S. D. Human-SCID mouse chimeric models for the evaluation of anti-cancer therapies. Trends Immunol. 22, 386-393 (2001).
    • (2001) Trends Immunol. , vol.22 , pp. 386-393
    • Bankert, R.B.1    Egilmez, N.K.2    Hess, S.D.3
  • 71
    • 84876967149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of the vasculature supporting growth of primary patient tumor xenografts
    • Hylander, B. L. et al. Origin of the vasculature supporting growth of primary patient tumor xenografts. J. Transl Med. 11, 110 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Transl Med. , vol.11 , pp. 110
    • Hylander, B.L.1
  • 72
    • 79953151458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer immunoediting: Integrating immunity's roles in cancer suppression and promotion
    • Schreiber, R. D., Old, L. J. & Smyth, M. J. Cancer immunoediting: integrating immunity's roles in cancer suppression and promotion. Science 331, 1565-1570 (2011).
    • (2011) Science , vol.331 , pp. 1565-1570
    • Schreiber, R.D.1    Old, L.J.2    Smyth, M.J.3
  • 73
    • 84875160155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human regulatory T cells do not suppress the antitumor immunity in the bone marrow: A role for bone marrow stromal cells in neutralizing regulatory T cells
    • Guichelaar, T. et al. Human regulatory T cells do not suppress the antitumor immunity in the bone marrow: a role for bone marrow stromal cells in neutralizing regulatory T cells. Clin. Cancer Res. 19, 1467-1475 (2013).
    • (2013) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.19 , pp. 1467-1475
    • Guichelaar, T.1
  • 74
    • 66849091880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human peripheral blood leucocyte non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain gene mouse model of xenogeneic graft-versus-host-like disease and the role of host major histocompatibility complex
    • King, M. A. et al. Human peripheral blood leucocyte non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain gene mouse model of xenogeneic graft-versus-host-like disease and the role of host major histocompatibility complex. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 157, 104-118 (2009).
    • (2009) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.157 , pp. 104-118
    • King, M.A.1
  • 75
    • 84929774215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concise review: Humanized models of tumor immunology in the 21st century: Convergence of cancer research and tissue engineering
    • Holzapfel, B. M., Wagner, F., Thibaudeau, L., Levesque, J. P. & Hutmacher, D. W. Concise review: humanized models of tumor immunology in the 21st century: convergence of cancer research and tissue engineering. Stem Cells 33, 1696-1704 (2015).
    • (2015) Stem Cells , vol.33 , pp. 1696-1704
    • Holzapfel, B.M.1    Wagner, F.2    Thibaudeau, L.3    Levesque, J.P.4    Hutmacher, D.W.5
  • 76
    • 84860861758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engineering humanized mice for improved hematopoietic reconstitution
    • Drake, A. C., Chen, Q. & Chen, J. Engineering humanized mice for improved hematopoietic reconstitution. Cell. Mol. Immunol. 9, 215-224 (2012).
    • (2012) Cell. Mol. Immunol. , vol.9 , pp. 215-224
    • Drake, A.C.1    Chen, Q.2    Chen, J.3
  • 77
    • 84969429813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel humanized bone marrow niche xenotransplantation model allows superior engraftment of human normal and malignant hematopoietic cells and reveals myelofibrosis-initiating cells in the HSC compartment
    • Reinisch, A., Gratzinger, D., Hong, W.-J. & Majeti, R. A. Novel humanized bone marrow niche xenotransplantation model allows superior engraftment of human normal and malignant hematopoietic cells and reveals myelofibrosis-initiating cells in the HSC compartment. Blood 124, 349 (2014).
    • (2014) Blood , vol.124 , pp. 349
    • Reinisch, A.1    Gratzinger, D.2    Hong, W.-J.3    Majeti, R.A.4
  • 78
    • 84875548150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human hemato-lymphoid system mice: Current use and future potential for medicine
    • Rongvaux, A. et al. Human hemato-lymphoid system mice: current use and future potential for medicine. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 31, 635-674 (2013).
    • (2013) Annu. Rev. Immunol. , vol.31 , pp. 635-674
    • Rongvaux, A.1
  • 79
    • 80053202190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G-CSF supplementation with chemotherapy can promote revascularization and subsequent tumor regrowth: Prevention by a CXCR4 antagonist
    • Voloshin, T. et al. G-CSF supplementation with chemotherapy can promote revascularization and subsequent tumor regrowth: prevention by a CXCR4 antagonist. Blood 118, 3426-3435 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.118 , pp. 3426-3435
    • Voloshin, T.1
  • 80
    • 84955377769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • XactMice: Humanizing mouse bone marrow enables microenvironment reconstitution in a patient-derived xenograft model of head and neck cancer
    • Morton, J. J. et al. XactMice: humanizing mouse bone marrow enables microenvironment reconstitution in a patient-derived xenograft model of head and neck cancer. Oncogene 35, 290-300 (2016).
    • (2016) Oncogene , vol.35 , pp. 290-300
    • Morton, J.J.1
  • 81
    • 36248956243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphism in Sirpa modulates engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells
    • Takenaka, K. et al. Polymorphism in Sirpa modulates engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells. Nat. Immunol. 8, 1313-1323 (2007).
    • (2007) Nat. Immunol. , vol.8 , pp. 1313-1323
    • Takenaka, K.1
  • 82
    • 84901999618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of and comparison between orthotopic xenograft and subcutaneous xenograft models of gallbladder carcinoma
    • Du, Q. et al. Establishment of and comparison between orthotopic xenograft and subcutaneous xenograft models of gallbladder carcinoma. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 15, 3747-3752 (2014).
    • (2014) Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. , vol.15 , pp. 3747-3752
    • Du, Q.1
  • 83
    • 84937972802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: Better mimic of metastasis than subcutaneous xenografts
    • Hoffman, R. M. Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: better mimic of metastasis than subcutaneous xenografts. Nat. Rev. Cancer 15, 451-452 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.15 , pp. 451-452
    • Hoffman, R.M.1
  • 84
    • 84937712772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of orthotopic xenograft mouse models for human pancreatic cancer
    • Dai, L., Lu, C., Yu, X. I., Dai, L. J. & Zhou, J. X. Construction of orthotopic xenograft mouse models for human pancreatic cancer. Exp. Ther. Med. 10, 1033-1038 (2015).
    • (2015) Exp. Ther. Med. , vol.10 , pp. 1033-1038
    • Dai, L.1    Lu, C.2    Yu, X.I.3    Dai, L.J.4    Zhou, J.X.5
  • 85
    • 84957717924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined inhibition of DDR1 and Notch signaling is a therapeutic strategy for KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma
    • Ambrogio, C. et al. Combined inhibition of DDR1 and Notch signaling is a therapeutic strategy for KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma. Nat. Med. 22, 270-277 (2016).
    • (2016) Nat. Med. , vol.22 , pp. 270-277
    • Ambrogio, C.1
  • 86
    • 84903317271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging preclinical tumour models: Improving translational power
    • de Jong, M., Essers, J. & van Weerden, W. M. Imaging preclinical tumour models: improving translational power. Nat. Rev. Cancer 14, 481-493 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.14 , pp. 481-493
    • De Jong, M.1    Essers, J.2    Van Weerden, W.M.3
  • 87
    • 84868295693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new mouse model for the study of human breast cancer metastasis
    • Iorns, E. et al. A new mouse model for the study of human breast cancer metastasis. PLoS ONE 7, e47995 (2012).
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7 , pp. e47995
    • Iorns, E.1
  • 88
    • 84879533925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metastasis of breast tumor cells to brain is suppressed by phenethyl isothiocyanate in a novel metastasis model
    • Gupta, P., Adkins, C., Lockman, P. & Srivastava, S. K. Metastasis of breast tumor cells to brain is suppressed by phenethyl isothiocyanate in a novel metastasis model. PLoS ONE 8, e67278 (2013).
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8 , pp. e67278
    • Gupta, P.1    Adkins, C.2    Lockman, P.3    Srivastava, S.K.4
  • 89
    • 84928807990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived xenografts from non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases are valuable translational platforms for the development of personalized targeted therapy
    • Lee, H. W. et al. Patient-derived xenografts from non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases are valuable translational platforms for the development of personalized targeted therapy. Clin. Cancer Res. 21, 1172-1182 (2015).
    • (2015) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.21 , pp. 1172-1182
    • Lee, H.W.1
  • 90
    • 84930934091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comprehensive models of human primary and metastatic colorectal tumors in immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice by chemokine targeting
    • Chen, H. J. et al. Comprehensive models of human primary and metastatic colorectal tumors in immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice by chemokine targeting. Nat. Biotechnol. 33, 656-660 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.33 , pp. 656-660
    • Chen, H.J.1
  • 91
    • 84960075353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of sequencing, liquid biopsies, and patient-derived xenografts for personalized medicine in melanoma
    • Girotti, M. R. et al. Application of sequencing, liquid biopsies, and patient-derived xenografts for personalized medicine in melanoma. Cancer Discov. 6, 286-299 (2016).
    • (2016) Cancer Discov. , vol.6 , pp. 286-299
    • Girotti, M.R.1
  • 92
    • 84938305296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating patient-derived colorectal cancer xenografts as preclinical models by comparison with patient clinical data
    • Nunes, M. et al. Evaluating patient-derived colorectal cancer xenografts as preclinical models by comparison with patient clinical data. Cancer Res. 75, 1560-1566 (2015).
    • (2015) Cancer Res. , vol.75 , pp. 1560-1566
    • Nunes, M.1
  • 93
    • 84963976837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual-targeted therapy with trastuzumab and lapatinib in treatment-refractory, KRAS codon 12/13 wild-type, HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer (HERACLES): A proof-of-concept, multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial
    • Sartore-Bianchi, A. et al. Dual-targeted therapy with trastuzumab and lapatinib in treatment-refractory, KRAS codon 12/13 wild-type, HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer (HERACLES): a proof-of-concept, multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 17, 738-746 (2016).
    • (2016) Lancet Oncol. , vol.17 , pp. 738-746
    • Sartore-Bianchi, A.1
  • 94
    • 79955045007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation and prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
    • Krebs, M. G. et al. Evaluation and prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 29, 1556-1563 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Clin. Oncol. , vol.29 , pp. 1556-1563
    • Krebs, M.G.1
  • 95
    • 62849099048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating tumour cells as prognostic markers in progressive, castration-resistant prostate cancer: A reanalysis of IMMC38 trial data
    • Scher, H. I. et al. Circulating tumour cells as prognostic markers in progressive, castration-resistant prostate cancer: a reanalysis of IMMC38 trial data. Lancet Oncol. 10, 233-239 (2009).
    • (2009) Lancet Oncol. , vol.10 , pp. 233-239
    • Scher, H.I.1
  • 96
    • 84867556074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer
    • Zhang, L. et al. Meta-analysis of the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 18, 5701-5710 (2012).
    • (2012) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.18 , pp. 5701-5710
    • Zhang, L.1
  • 97
    • 84880270290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a population of blood circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients that initiates metastasis in a xenograft assay
    • Baccelli, I. et al. Identification of a population of blood circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients that initiates metastasis in a xenograft assay. Nat. Biotechnol. 31, 539-544 (2013).
    • (2013) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.31 , pp. 539-544
    • Baccelli, I.1
  • 98
    • 84905819148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumorigenicity and genetic profiling of circulating tumor cells in small-cell lung cancer
    • Hodgkinson, C. L. et al. Tumorigenicity and genetic profiling of circulating tumor cells in small-cell lung cancer. Nat. Med. 20, 897-903 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Med. , vol.20 , pp. 897-903
    • Hodgkinson, C.L.1
  • 100
    • 84906731563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges in circulating tumour cell research
    • Alix-Panabieres, C. & Pantel, K. Challenges in circulating tumour cell research. Nat. Rev. Cancer 14, 623-631 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.14 , pp. 623-631
    • Alix-Panabieres, C.1    Pantel, K.2
  • 101
    • 84947286516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA: Challenges and opportunities on the path to clinical utility
    • Ignatiadis, M., Lee, M. & Jeffrey, S. S. Circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA: challenges and opportunities on the path to clinical utility. Clin. Cancer Res. 21, 4786-4800 (2015).
    • (2015) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.21 , pp. 4786-4800
    • Ignatiadis, M.1    Lee, M.2    Jeffrey, S.S.3
  • 102
    • 84946422753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of prostate cancer patient derived xenograft models from circulating tumor cells
    • Williams, E. S. et al. Generation of prostate cancer patient derived xenograft models from circulating tumor cells. J. Vis. Exp. 104, e53182 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Vis. Exp. , vol.104 , pp. e53182
    • Williams, E.S.1
  • 103
    • 84931576600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of circulating tumor cells derived from advanced gastric cancer
    • Toyoshima, K. et al. Analysis of circulating tumor cells derived from advanced gastric cancer. Int. J. Cancer 137, 991-998 (2015).
    • (2015) Int. J. Cancer , vol.137 , pp. 991-998
    • Toyoshima, K.1
  • 104
    • 84904121066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer therapy. Ex vivo culture of circulating breast tumor cells for individualized testing of drug susceptibility
    • Yu, M. et al. Cancer therapy. Ex vivo culture of circulating breast tumor cells for individualized testing of drug susceptibility. Science 345, 216-220 (2014).
    • (2014) Science , vol.345 , pp. 216-220
    • Yu, M.1
  • 105
    • 84928698890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment and characterization of a cell line from human circulating colon cancer cells
    • Cayrefourcq, L. et al. Establishment and characterization of a cell line from human circulating colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 75, 892-901 (2015).
    • (2015) Cancer Res. , vol.75 , pp. 892-901
    • Cayrefourcq, L.1
  • 106
    • 84873817306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship among circulating tumor cells, CEA and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
    • Aggarwal, C. et al. Relationship among circulating tumor cells, CEA and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann. Oncol. 24, 420-428 (2013).
    • (2013) Ann. Oncol. , vol.24 , pp. 420-428
    • Aggarwal, C.1
  • 107
    • 84948808509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The isolation and characterization of CTC subsets related to breast cancer dormancy
    • Vishnoi, M. et al. The isolation and characterization of CTC subsets related to breast cancer dormancy. Sci. Rep. 5, 17533 (2015).
    • (2015) Sci. Rep. , vol.5 , pp. 17533
    • Vishnoi, M.1
  • 108
    • 84896713649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of circulating tumour cells-biology and biomarkers
    • Krebs, M. G. et al. Molecular analysis of circulating tumour cells-biology and biomarkers. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 11, 129-144 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. , vol.11 , pp. 129-144
    • Krebs, M.G.1
  • 109
    • 84916898794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIK3CA mutational status in circulating tumor cells can change during disease recurrence or progression in patients with breast cancer
    • Markou, A. et al. PIK3CA mutational status in circulating tumor cells can change during disease recurrence or progression in patients with breast cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 20, 5823-5834 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.20 , pp. 5823-5834
    • Markou, A.1
  • 110
    • 84924276104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating and disseminated tumor cells from breast cancer patient-derived xenograft-bearing mice as a novel model to study metastasis
    • Giuliano, M. et al. Circulating and disseminated tumor cells from breast cancer patient-derived xenograft-bearing mice as a novel model to study metastasis. Breast Cancer Res. 17, 3 (2015).
    • (2015) Breast Cancer Res. , vol.17 , pp. 3
    • Giuliano, M.1
  • 111
    • 84897749691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating tumor cells as a biomarker of response to treatment in patient-derived xenograft mouse models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
    • Torphy, R. J. et al. Circulating tumor cells as a biomarker of response to treatment in patient-derived xenograft mouse models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PLoS ONE 9, e89474 (2014).
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9 , pp. e89474
    • Torphy, R.J.1
  • 112
    • 84984596113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HER2 expression identifies dynamic functional states within circulating breast cancer cells
    • Jordan, N. V. et al. HER2 expression identifies dynamic functional states within circulating breast cancer cells. Nature 537, 102-106 (2016).
    • (2016) Nature , vol.537 , pp. 102-106
    • Jordan, N.V.1
  • 113
    • 84875758730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lessons from the cancer genome
    • Garraway, L. A. & Lander, E. S. Lessons from the cancer genome. Cell 153, 17-37 (2013).
    • (2013) Cell , vol.153 , pp. 17-37
    • Garraway, L.A.1    Lander, E.S.2
  • 114
    • 84868034781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compensatory pathways in oncogenic kinase signaling and resistance to targeted therapies: Six degrees of separation
    • Trusolino, L. & Bertotti, A. Compensatory pathways in oncogenic kinase signaling and resistance to targeted therapies: six degrees of separation. Cancer Discov. 2, 876-880 (2012).
    • (2012) Cancer Discov. , vol.2 , pp. 876-880
    • Trusolino, L.1    Bertotti, A.2
  • 115
    • 84878862323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amplification of the MET receptor drives resistance to anti-EGFR therapies in colorectal cancer
    • Bardelli, A. et al. Amplification of the MET receptor drives resistance to anti-EGFR therapies in colorectal cancer. Cancer Discov. 3, 658-673 (2013).
    • (2013) Cancer Discov. , vol.3 , pp. 658-673
    • Bardelli, A.1
  • 116
    • 84939181687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HER2 activating mutations are targets for colorectal cancer treatment
    • Kavuri, S. M. et al. HER2 activating mutations are targets for colorectal cancer treatment. Cancer Discov. 5, 832-841 (2015).
    • (2015) Cancer Discov. , vol.5 , pp. 832-841
    • Kavuri, S.M.1
  • 117
    • 84941245838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained inhibition of HER3 and EGFR is necessary to induce regression of HER2-amplified gastrointestinal carcinomas
    • Leto, S. M. et al. Sustained inhibition of HER3 and EGFR is necessary to induce regression of HER2-amplified gastrointestinal carcinomas. Clin. Cancer Res. 21, 5519-5531 (2015).
    • (2015) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.21 , pp. 5519-5531
    • Leto, S.M.1
  • 118
    • 84921766164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IGF2 is an actionable target that identifies a distinct subpopulation of colorectal cancer patients with marginal response to anti-EGFR therapies
    • Zanella, E. R. et al. IGF2 is an actionable target that identifies a distinct subpopulation of colorectal cancer patients with marginal response to anti-EGFR therapies. Sci. Transl Med. 7, 272ra12 (2015).
    • (2015) Sci. Transl Med. , vol.7 , pp. 272ra12
    • Zanella, E.R.1
  • 119
    • 84898023140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic resistance to MEK inhibition in KRAS mutant lung and colon cancer through transcriptional induction of ERBB3
    • Sun, C. et al. Intrinsic resistance to MEK inhibition in KRAS mutant lung and colon cancer through transcriptional induction of ERBB3. Cell Rep. 7, 86-93 (2014).
    • (2014) Cell Rep. , vol.7 , pp. 86-93
    • Sun, C.1
  • 120
    • 84862987061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual targeting of the epidermal growth factor receptor using the combination of cetuximab and erlotinib: Preclinical evaluation and results of the phase II DUX study in chemotherapy-refractory, advanced colorectal cancer
    • Weickhardt, A. J. et al. Dual targeting of the epidermal growth factor receptor using the combination of cetuximab and erlotinib: preclinical evaluation and results of the phase II DUX study in chemotherapy-refractory, advanced colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 30, 1505-1512 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Clin. Oncol. , vol.30 , pp. 1505-1512
    • Weickhardt, A.J.1
  • 121
    • 84908257665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition versus BRAF inhibition alone in melanoma
    • Long, G. V. et al. Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition versus BRAF inhibition alone in melanoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 371, 1877-1888 (2014).
    • (2014) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.371 , pp. 1877-1888
    • Long, G.V.1
  • 122
    • 85012027045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo genetic screens of patient-derived tumors revealed unexpected frailty of the transformed phenotype
    • Bossi, D. et al. In vivo genetic screens of patient-derived tumors revealed unexpected frailty of the transformed phenotype. Cancer Discov. 6, 650-663 (2016).
    • (2016) Cancer Discov. , vol.6 , pp. 650-663
    • Bossi, D.1
  • 123
    • 85008397717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo functional platform targeting patient-derived xenografts identifies WDR5-Myc association as a critical determinant of pancreatic cancer
    • Carugo, A. et al. In vivo functional platform targeting patient-derived xenografts identifies WDR5-Myc association as a critical determinant of pancreatic cancer. Cell Rep. 16, 133-147 (2016).
    • (2016) Cell Rep. , vol.16 , pp. 133-147
    • Carugo, A.1
  • 124
    • 84989875414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of alternative in vivo drug screening methodology: A single mouse analysis
    • Murphy, B. et al. Evaluation of alternative in vivo drug screening methodology: a single mouse analysis. Cancer Res. 76, 5798-5809 (2016).
    • (2016) Cancer Res. , vol.76 , pp. 5798-5809
    • Murphy, B.1
  • 125
    • 84860540538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of MEK and PI3K/mTOR suppresses tumor growth but does not cause tumor regression in patient-derived xenografts of RAS-mutant colorectal carcinomas
    • Migliardi, G. et al. Inhibition of MEK and PI3K/mTOR suppresses tumor growth but does not cause tumor regression in patient-derived xenografts of RAS-mutant colorectal carcinomas. Clin. Cancer Res. 18, 2515-2525 (2012).
    • (2012) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.18 , pp. 2515-2525
    • Migliardi, G.1
  • 126
    • 84920983131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organoid models of human and mouse ductal pancreatic cancer
    • Boj, S. F. et al. Organoid models of human and mouse ductal pancreatic cancer. Cell 160, 324-338 (2015).
    • (2015) Cell , vol.160 , pp. 324-338
    • Boj, S.F.1
  • 127
    • 84907554319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organoid cultures derived from patients with advanced prostate cancer
    • Gao, D. et al. Organoid cultures derived from patients with advanced prostate cancer. Cell 159, 176-187 (2014).
    • (2014) Cell , vol.159 , pp. 176-187
    • Gao, D.1
  • 128
    • 84946215806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ductal pancreatic cancer modeling and drug screening using human pluripotent stem cell-and patient-derived tumor organoids
    • Huang, L. et al. Ductal pancreatic cancer modeling and drug screening using human pluripotent stem cell-and patient-derived tumor organoids. Nat. Med. 21, 1364-1371 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Med. , vol.21 , pp. 1364-1371
    • Huang, L.1
  • 129
    • 80054857419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term expansion of epithelial organoids from human colon, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's epithelium
    • Sato, T. et al. Long-term expansion of epithelial organoids from human colon, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's epithelium. Gastroenterology 141, 1762-1772 (2011).
    • (2011) Gastroenterology , vol.141 , pp. 1762-1772
    • Sato, T.1
  • 130
    • 84928974420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective derivation of a living organoid biobank of colorectal cancer patients
    • van de Wetering, M. et al. Prospective derivation of a living organoid biobank of colorectal cancer patients. Cell 161, 933-945 (2015).
    • (2015) Cell , vol.161 , pp. 933-945
    • Van De Wetering, M.1
  • 131
    • 84945386088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preserved genetic diversity in organoids cultured from biopsies of human colorectal cancer metastases
    • Weeber, F. et al. Preserved genetic diversity in organoids cultured from biopsies of human colorectal cancer metastases. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 13308-13311 (2015).
    • (2015) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.112 , pp. 13308-13311
    • Weeber, F.1
  • 132
    • 84969599540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A three-dimensional organoid culture system derived from human glioblastomas recapitulates the hypoxic gradients and cancer stem cell heterogeneity of tumors found in vivo
    • Hubert, C. G. et al. A three-dimensional organoid culture system derived from human glioblastomas recapitulates the hypoxic gradients and cancer stem cell heterogeneity of tumors found in vivo. Cancer Res. 76, 2465-2477 (2016).
    • (2016) Cancer Res. , vol.76 , pp. 2465-2477
    • Hubert, C.G.1
  • 133
    • 84919443958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived models of acquired resistance can identify effective drug combinations for cancer
    • Crystal, A. S. et al. Patient-derived models of acquired resistance can identify effective drug combinations for cancer. Science 346, 1480-1486 (2014).
    • (2014) Science , vol.346 , pp. 1480-1486
    • Crystal, A.S.1
  • 135
    • 85016231600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02720796 (2016).
    • (2016)
  • 136
    • 85016288177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02752932 (2016).
    • (2016)
  • 137
    • 85016280422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02312245 (2016).
    • (2016)
  • 138
    • 85016306065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02795650 (2016).
    • (2016)
  • 139
    • 84929653562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A first-in-human phase i trial of LY2780301, a dual p70 S6 kinase and Akt Inhibitor, in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer
    • Azaro, A. et al. A first-in-human phase I trial of LY2780301, a dual p70 S6 kinase and Akt Inhibitor, in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. Invest. New Drugs 33, 710-719 (2015).
    • (2015) Invest. New Drugs , vol.33 , pp. 710-719
    • Azaro, A.1
  • 140
    • 84925500147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convergent loss of PTEN leads to clinical resistance to a PI(3)Kα inhibitor
    • Juric, D. et al. Convergent loss of PTEN leads to clinical resistance to a PI(3)Kα inhibitor. Nature 518, 240-244 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature , vol.518 , pp. 240-244
    • Juric, D.1
  • 141
    • 84856695586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prioritizing phase i treatment options through preclinical testing on personalized tumorgraft
    • Morelli, M. P. et al. Prioritizing phase I treatment options through preclinical testing on personalized tumorgraft. J. Clin. Oncol. 30, e45-e48 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Clin. Oncol. , vol.30 , pp. e45-e48
    • Morelli, M.P.1
  • 142
    • 0037081081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide cDNA microarray screening to correlate gene expression profiles with sensitivity of 85 human cancer xenografts to anticancer drugs
    • Zembutsu, H. et al. Genome-wide cDNA microarray screening to correlate gene expression profiles with sensitivity of 85 human cancer xenografts to anticancer drugs. Cancer Res. 62, 518-527 (2002).
    • (2002) Cancer Res. , vol.62 , pp. 518-527
    • Zembutsu, H.1
  • 143
    • 84968799891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delineation of MGMT Hypermethylation as a biomarker for veliparib-mediated temozolomide-sensitizing therapy of glioblastoma
    • Gupta, S. K. et al. Delineation of MGMT Hypermethylation as a biomarker for veliparib-mediated temozolomide-sensitizing therapy of glioblastoma. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 108, djv369 (2016).
    • (2016) J. Natl Cancer Inst. , vol.108 , pp. djv369
    • Gupta, S.K.1
  • 144
    • 85016324730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov
    • US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02152982 (2016).
    • (2016)
  • 145
    • 84928015067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteomic profiling of patient-derived glioblastoma xenografts identifies a subset with activated EGFR: Implications for drug development
    • Brown, K. E. et al. Proteomic profiling of patient-derived glioblastoma xenografts identifies a subset with activated EGFR: implications for drug development. J. Neurochem. 133, 730-738 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Neurochem. , vol.133 , pp. 730-738
    • Brown, K.E.1
  • 146
    • 84896709072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interplay of choline metabolites and genes in patient-derived breast cancer xenografts
    • Grinde, M. T. et al. Interplay of choline metabolites and genes in patient-derived breast cancer xenografts. Breast Cancer Res. 16, R5 (2014).
    • (2014) Breast Cancer Res. , vol.16 , pp. R5
    • Grinde, M.T.1
  • 147
    • 77955523425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct choline metabolic profiles are associated with differences in gene expression for basal-like and luminal-like breast cancer xenograft models
    • Moestue, S. A. et al. Distinct choline metabolic profiles are associated with differences in gene expression for basal-like and luminal-like breast cancer xenograft models. BMC Cancer 10, 433 (2010).
    • (2010) BMC Cancer , vol.10 , pp. 433
    • Moestue, S.A.1
  • 148
    • 3042562283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular causes of the aberrant choline phospholipid metabolism in breast cancer
    • Glunde, K., Jie, C. & Bhujwalla, Z. M. Molecular causes of the aberrant choline phospholipid metabolism in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 64, 4270-4276 (2004).
    • (2004) Cancer Res. , vol.64 , pp. 4270-4276
    • Glunde, K.1    Jie, C.2    Bhujwalla, Z.M.3
  • 150
    • 84855319111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 31P MRSI and 1H MRS at 7 T: Initial results in human breast cancer
    • Klomp, D. W. et al. 31P MRSI and 1H MRS at 7 T: initial results in human breast cancer. NMR Biomed. 24, 1337-1342 (2011).
    • (2011) NMR Biomed. , vol.24 , pp. 1337-1342
    • Klomp, D.W.1
  • 151
    • 84923173587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) for metabolic profiling of human breast cancer xenografts
    • 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) for metabolic profiling of human breast cancer xenografts. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 41, 601-609 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Magn. Reson. Imaging , vol.41 , pp. 601-609
    • Esmaeili, M.1
  • 152
    • 84988917986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived mammosphere and xenograft tumour initiation correlates with progression to metastasis
    • Eyre, R. et al. Patient-derived mammosphere and xenograft tumour initiation correlates with progression to metastasis. J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10911-016-9361-8 (2016).
    • (2016) J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia
    • Eyre, R.1
  • 153
    • 84945476387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic and functional importance of the engraftment-associated genes in the patient-derived xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancers
    • Moon, H. G. et al. Prognostic and functional importance of the engraftment-associated genes in the patient-derived xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 154, 13-22 (2015).
    • (2015) Breast Cancer Res. Treat. , vol.154 , pp. 13-22
    • Moon, H.G.1
  • 154
    • 80052470635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor engraftment in nude mice and enrichment in stroma-related gene pathways predict poor survival and resistance to gemcitabine in patients with pancreatic cancer
    • Garrido-Laguna, I. et al. Tumor engraftment in nude mice and enrichment in stroma-related gene pathways predict poor survival and resistance to gemcitabine in patients with pancreatic cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 17, 5793-5800 (2011).
    • (2011) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.17 , pp. 5793-5800
    • Garrido-Laguna, I.1
  • 155
    • 84928036917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-derived xenograft models for pancreatic adenocarcinoma demonstrate retention of tumor morphology through incorporation of murine stromal elements
    • Delitto, D. et al. Patient-derived xenograft models for pancreatic adenocarcinoma demonstrate retention of tumor morphology through incorporation of murine stromal elements. Am. J. Pathol. 185, 1297-1303 (2015).
    • (2015) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.185 , pp. 1297-1303
    • Delitto, D.1
  • 156
    • 84925701525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stromal contribution to the colorectal cancer transcriptome
    • Isella, C. et al. Stromal contribution to the colorectal cancer transcriptome. Nat. Genet. 47, 312-319 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Genet. , vol.47 , pp. 312-319
    • Isella, C.1
  • 157
    • 84925818452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stromal gene expression defines poor-prognosis subtypes in colorectal cancer
    • Calon, A. et al. Stromal gene expression defines poor-prognosis subtypes in colorectal cancer. Nat. Genet. 47, 320-329 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Genet. , vol.47 , pp. 320-329
    • Calon, A.1
  • 158
    • 84982141292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenging the cancer molecular stratification dogma: Intratumoral heterogeneity undermines consensus molecular subtypes and potential diagnostic value in colorectal cancer
    • Dunne, P. D. et al. Challenging the cancer molecular stratification dogma: intratumoral heterogeneity undermines consensus molecular subtypes and potential diagnostic value in colorectal cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 22, 4095-4104 (2016).
    • (2016) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.22 , pp. 4095-4104
    • Dunne, P.D.1
  • 159
    • 0026468827 scopus 로고
    • Scatter factor and hepatocyte growth factor: Activities, properties, and mechanism
    • Bhargava, M. et al. Scatter factor and hepatocyte growth factor: activities, properties, and mechanism. Cell Growth Differ. 3, 11-20 (1992).
    • (1992) Cell Growth Differ. , vol.3 , pp. 11-20
    • Bhargava, M.1
  • 160
    • 84918502616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microenvironment-derived HGF overcomes genetically determined sensitivity to anti-MET drugs
    • Pennacchietti, S. et al. Microenvironment-derived HGF overcomes genetically determined sensitivity to anti-MET drugs. Cancer Res. 74, 6598-6609 (2014).
    • (2014) Cancer Res. , vol.74 , pp. 6598-6609
    • Pennacchietti, S.1
  • 161
    • 1342303482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Of mice and not men: Differences between mouse and human immunology
    • Mestas, J. & Hughes, C. C. Of mice and not men: differences between mouse and human immunology. J. Immunol. 172, 2731-2738 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Immunol. , vol.172 , pp. 2731-2738
    • Mestas, J.1    Hughes, C.C.2
  • 162
    • 85016325125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knock-in of human HGF into the mouse genome maintains endogenous HGF regulation and supports the growth of HGF-dependent human cancer cell lines
    • Brodeur, J. et al. Knock-in of human HGF into the mouse genome maintains endogenous HGF regulation and supports the growth of HGF-dependent human cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 69, abstr. 305 (2009).
    • (2009) Cancer Res. , vol.69 , pp. 305
    • Brodeur, J.1
  • 163
    • 84905967636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase i expansion and pharmacodynamic study of the oral MEK inhibitor RO4987655 (CH4987655) in selected patients with advanced cancer with RAS-RAF mutations
    • Zimmer, L. et al. Phase I expansion and pharmacodynamic study of the oral MEK inhibitor RO4987655 (CH4987655) in selected patients with advanced cancer with RAS-RAF mutations. Clin. Cancer Res. 20, 4251-4261 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.20 , pp. 4251-4261
    • Zimmer, L.1
  • 164
    • 85016275463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges, opportunities, and lessons learned in the bench-to-bedside translation of xenopatient studies
    • abstr. IA20
    • Eckhardt, S. G. et al. Challenges, opportunities, and lessons learned in the bench-to-bedside translation of xenopatient studies. Clin. Cancer Res. 22 (16 Suppl.), abstr. IA20 (2016).
    • (2016) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.22 , Issue.16
    • Eckhardt, S.G.1
  • 165
    • 84962740421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The public repository of xenografts enables discovery and randomized phase II-like trials in mice
    • Townsend, E. C. et al. The public repository of xenografts enables discovery and randomized phase II-like trials in mice. Cancer Cell 29, 574-586 (2016).
    • (2016) Cancer Cell , vol.29 , pp. 574-586
    • Townsend, E.C.1
  • 166
    • 85027944392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LAS: A software platform to support oncological data management
    • Baralis, E., Bertotti, A., Fiori, A. & Grand, A. LAS: a software platform to support oncological data management. J. Med. Syst. 36 (Suppl. 1), S81-S90 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Med. Syst. , vol.36 , pp. S81-S90
    • Baralis, E.1    Bertotti, A.2    Fiori, A.3    Grand, A.4
  • 167
    • 84894287713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic and transcriptional fidelity of patient-derived colon cancer xenografts in immune-deficient mice
    • Chou, J. et al. Phenotypic and transcriptional fidelity of patient-derived colon cancer xenografts in immune-deficient mice. PLoS ONE 8, e79874 (2013).
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8 , pp. e79874
    • Chou, J.1
  • 169
    • 84860645682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xenome-a tool for classifying reads from xenograft samples
    • Conway, T. et al. Xenome-a tool for classifying reads from xenograft samples. Bioinformatics 28, i172-i178 (2012).
    • (2012) Bioinformatics , vol.28 , pp. i172-i178
    • Conway, T.1
  • 170
    • 84977117312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel carcinoembryonic antigen T-cell bispecific antibody (CEA TCB) for the treatment of solid tumors
    • Bacac, M. et al. A novel carcinoembryonic antigen T-cell bispecific antibody (CEA TCB) for the treatment of solid tumors. Clin. Cancer Res. 22, 3286-3297 (2016).
    • (2016) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.22 , pp. 3286-3297
    • Bacac, M.1
  • 171
    • 18344410760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • null mouse: An excellent recipient mouse model for engraftment of human cells
    • null mouse: an excellent recipient mouse model for engraftment of human cells. Blood 100, 3175-3182 (2002).
    • (2002) Blood , vol.100 , pp. 3175-3182
    • Ito, M.1
  • 172
    • 20844434966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • null mice engrafted with mobilized human hemopoietic stem cells
    • null mice engrafted with mobilized human hemopoietic stem cells. J. Immunol. 174, 6477-6489 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Immunol. , vol.174 , pp. 6477-6489
    • Shultz, L.D.1
  • 173
    • 84867898654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humanized mice for immune system investigation: Progress, promise and challenges
    • Shultz, L. D., Brehm, M. A., Garcia-Martinez, J. V. & Greiner, D. L. Humanized mice for immune system investigation: progress, promise and challenges. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 12, 786-798 (2012).
    • (2012) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.12 , pp. 786-798
    • Shultz, L.D.1    Brehm, M.A.2    Garcia-Martinez, J.V.3    Greiner, D.L.4
  • 174
    • 1842588698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a human adaptive immune system in cord blood cell-transplanted mice
    • Traggiai, E. et al. Development of a human adaptive immune system in cord blood cell-transplanted mice. Science 304, 104-107 (2004).
    • (2004) Science , vol.304 , pp. 104-107
    • Traggiai, E.1
  • 175
    • 84884228760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of a human allergy model using human IL-3/GM-CSF-transgenic NOG mice
    • Ito, R. et al. Establishment of a human allergy model using human IL-3/GM-CSF-transgenic NOG mice. J. Immunol. 191, 2890-2899 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Immunol. , vol.191 , pp. 2890-2899
    • Ito, R.1
  • 176
    • 79953076702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • null humanized mice
    • null humanized mice. Blood 117, 3076-3086 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , pp. 3076-3086
    • Billerbeck, E.1
  • 177
    • 84900850997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and function of human innate immune cells in a humanized mouse model
    • Rongvaux, A. et al. Development and function of human innate immune cells in a humanized mouse model. Nat. Biotechnol. 32, 364-372 (2014).
    • (2014) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.32 , pp. 364-372
    • Rongvaux, A.1
  • 178
    • 3242720345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer
    • Cunningham, D. et al. Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 351, 337-345 (2004).
    • (2004) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.351 , pp. 337-345
    • Cunningham, D.1
  • 179
    • 84926613654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retrospective observational study of clinicopathological features of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
    • Kawazoe, A. et al. A retrospective observational study of clinicopathological features of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 15, 258 (2015).
    • (2015) BMC Cancer , vol.15 , pp. 258
    • Kawazoe, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.