메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 285-303

The clinical implications of hepatitis B virus genotypes and HBeAg in pediatrics

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAPSID PROTEIN; HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN; HEPATITIS B(E) ANTIGEN;

EID: 84978865139     PISSN: 10529276     EISSN: 10991654     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1885     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (67)

References (153)
  • 1
    • 84871615035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [October 2015]
    • Hepatitis B Fact sheet no 204. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/ [October 2015].
    • Hepatitis B Fact sheet no 204
  • 2
    • 84871036375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
    • Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380: 2095–2128. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 2095-2128
    • Lozano, R.1    Naghavi, M.2    Foreman, K.3
  • 3
    • 84857358267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity
    • Ott JJ, Stevens GA, Groeger J, Wiersma ST. Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity. Vaccine 2012; 30: 2212–2219. DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.116 S0264-410X(11)02077-9 [pii].
    • (2012) Vaccine , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 2212-2219
    • Ott, J.J.1    Stevens, G.A.2    Groeger, J.3    Wiersma, S.T.4
  • 4
    • 84924717553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in children
    • Komatsu H, Inui A. Hepatitis B virus infection in children. Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy 2015; 13: 427–450. DOI:10.1586/14787210.2015.1019867.
    • (2015) Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy , vol.13 , pp. 427-450
    • Komatsu, H.1    Inui, A.2
  • 6
    • 0019949367 scopus 로고
    • Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B—like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate
    • Summers J, Mason WS. Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B—like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Cell 1982; 29: 403–415.
    • (1982) Cell , vol.29 , pp. 403-415
    • Summers, J.1    Mason, W.S.2
  • 8
    • 0025045477 scopus 로고
    • A short cis-acting sequence is required for hepatitis B virus pregenome encapsidation and sufficient for packaging of foreign RNA
    • Junker-Niepmann M, Bartenschlager R, Schaller H. A short cis-acting sequence is required for hepatitis B virus pregenome encapsidation and sufficient for packaging of foreign RNA. EMBO Journal 1990; 9: 3389–3396.
    • (1990) EMBO Journal , vol.9 , pp. 3389-3396
    • Junker-Niepmann, M.1    Bartenschlager, R.2    Schaller, H.3
  • 9
    • 0031771112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of the encapsidation signal of hepadnaviridae
    • Kramvis A, Kew MC. Structure and function of the encapsidation signal of hepadnaviridae. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 1998; 5: 357–367.
    • (1998) Journal of Viral Hepatitis , vol.5 , pp. 357-367
    • Kramvis, A.1    Kew, M.C.2
  • 11
    • 23044436509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotypes
    • Kramvis A, Kew M, Francois G. Hepatitis B virus genotypes. Vaccine 2005; 23: 2409–2423. DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.045 S0264-410X(04)00849-7.
    • (2005) Vaccine , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 2409-2423
    • Kramvis, A.1    Kew, M.2    Francois, G.3
  • 12
    • 0026635529 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of precore and pregenomic RNAs of hepatitis B virus
    • Yuh CH, Chang YL, Ting LP. Transcriptional regulation of precore and pregenomic RNAs of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Virology 1992; 66: 4073–4084.
    • (1992) Journal of Virology , vol.66 , pp. 4073-4084
    • Yuh, C.H.1    Chang, Y.L.2    Ting, L.P.3
  • 13
    • 0030002765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoters for synthesis of the pre-C and pregenomic mRNAs of human hepatitis B virus are genetically distinct and differentially regulated
    • Yu X, Mertz JE. Promoters for synthesis of the pre-C and pregenomic mRNAs of human hepatitis B virus are genetically distinct and differentially regulated. Journal of Virology 1996; 70: 8719–8726.
    • (1996) Journal of Virology , vol.70 , pp. 8719-8726
    • Yu, X.1    Mertz, J.E.2
  • 14
    • 0032731871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The core promoter of hepatitis B virus
    • jvh189
    • Kramvis A, Kew MC. The core promoter of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 1999; 6: 415–427. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2893.1999.00189.x jvh189 [pii].
    • (1999) Journal of Viral Hepatitis , vol.6 , pp. 415-427
    • Kramvis, A.1    Kew, M.C.2
  • 15
    • 0004182325 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus gene function: the precore region targets the core antigen to cellular membranes and causes the secretion of the e antigen
    • Ou JH, Laub O, Rutter WJ. Hepatitis B virus gene function: the precore region targets the core antigen to cellular membranes and causes the secretion of the e antigen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1986; 83: 1578–1582.
    • (1986) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.83 , pp. 1578-1582
    • Ou, J.H.1    Laub, O.2    Rutter, W.J.3
  • 16
    • 0024524722 scopus 로고
    • Expression mechanism of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) C gene and biosynthesis of HBe antigen
    • Jean-Jean O, Levrero M, Will H, Perricaudet M, Rossignol JM. Expression mechanism of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) C gene and biosynthesis of HBe antigen. Virology 1989; 170: 99–106.
    • (1989) Virology , vol.170 , pp. 99-106
    • Jean-Jean, O.1    Levrero, M.2    Will, H.3    Perricaudet, M.4    Rossignol, J.M.5
  • 17
    • 74849108037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioinformatic analysis of the hepadnavirus e-antigen and its precursor identifies remarkable sequence conservation in all orthohepadnaviruses
    • Revill P, Yuen L, Walsh R, Perrault M, Locarnini S, Kramvis A. Bioinformatic analysis of the hepadnavirus e-antigen and its precursor identifies remarkable sequence conservation in all orthohepadnaviruses. Journal of Medical Virology 2010; 82: 104–115. DOI:10.1002/jmv.21645.
    • (2010) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.82 , pp. 104-115
    • Revill, P.1    Yuen, L.2    Walsh, R.3    Perrault, M.4    Locarnini, S.5    Kramvis, A.6
  • 18
    • 0142151773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the biological basis of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B virus infection
    • Milich D, Liang TJ. Exploring the biological basis of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 2003; 38: 1075–1086. DOI:10.1053/jhep.2003.50453 S027091390300836X [pii].
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.38 , pp. 1075-1086
    • Milich, D.1    Liang, T.J.2
  • 20
    • 13944265920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune tolerance split between hepatitis B virus precore and core proteins
    • Chen M, Sallberg M, Hughes J, et al. Immune tolerance split between hepatitis B virus precore and core proteins. Journal of Virology 2005; 79: 3016–3027. DOI:10.1128/JVI.79.5.3016-3027.2005 79/5/3016 [pii].
    • (2005) Journal of Virology , vol.79 , pp. 3016-3027
    • Chen, M.1    Sallberg, M.2    Hughes, J.3
  • 22
    • 33845957338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human hepatitis B viral e antigen interacts with cellular interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein and triggers interleukin-1 response
    • Yang CY, Kuo TH, Ting LP. Human hepatitis B viral e antigen interacts with cellular interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein and triggers interleukin-1 response. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2006; 281: 34525–34536. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M510981200 M510981200 [pii].
    • (2006) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.281 , pp. 34525-34536
    • Yang, C.Y.1    Kuo, T.H.2    Ting, L.P.3
  • 23
    • 33846492518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of Toll-like receptor-2 expression in chronic hepatitis B by the precore protein
    • Visvanathan K, Skinner NA, Thompson AJ, et al. Regulation of Toll-like receptor-2 expression in chronic hepatitis B by the precore protein. Hepatology 2007; 45: 102–110. DOI:10.1002/hep.21482.
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.45 , pp. 102-110
    • Visvanathan, K.1    Skinner, N.A.2    Thompson, A.J.3
  • 24
    • 0023237929 scopus 로고
    • Fulminant hepatitis in children in Taiwan: the important role of hepatitis B virus
    • Chang MH, Lee CY, Chen DS, Hsu HC, Lai MY. Fulminant hepatitis in children in Taiwan: the important role of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Pediatrics 1987; 111: 34–39.
    • (1987) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.111 , pp. 34-39
    • Chang, M.H.1    Lee, C.Y.2    Chen, D.S.3    Hsu, H.C.4    Lai, M.Y.5
  • 25
    • 79958796264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of chronic hepatitis B in Euro-Mediterranean and African countries
    • Hadziyannis SJ. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B in Euro-Mediterranean and African countries. Journal of Hepatology 2011; 55: 183–191. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.12.030 S0168-8278(11)00023-7 [pii].
    • (2011) Journal of Hepatology , vol.55 , Issue.11 , pp. 183-191
    • Hadziyannis, S.J.1
  • 26
    • 0031666164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B surface antigenemia at birth: a long-term follow-up study
    • Tang JR, Hsu HY, Lin HH, Ni YH, Chang MH. Hepatitis B surface antigenemia at birth: a long-term follow-up study. Journal of Pediatrics 1998; 133: 374–377. DOI:10.1016/S0022-3476(98)70272-0.
    • (1998) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.133 , pp. 374-377
    • Tang, J.R.1    Hsu, H.Y.2    Lin, H.H.3    Ni, Y.H.4    Chang, M.H.5
  • 27
    • 78651510444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of hepatitis B virus infection: pediatric perspective
    • Ni YH. Natural history of hepatitis B virus infection: pediatric perspective. Journal of Gastroenterology 2011; 46: 1–8. DOI:10.1007/s00535-010-0304-7.
    • (2011) Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.46 , pp. 1-8
    • Ni, Y.H.1
  • 28
    • 84897530025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What physicians should know about the management of chronic hepatitis B in children: East side story
    • Choe HJ, Choe BH. What physicians should know about the management of chronic hepatitis B in children: East side story. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014; 20: 3582–3589. DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i13.3582.
    • (2014) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.20 , pp. 3582-3589
    • Choe, H.J.1    Choe, B.H.2
  • 29
    • 0026552494 scopus 로고
    • Cellular immune response to HBcAg in mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus
    • Hsu HY, Chang MH, Hsieh KH, et al. Cellular immune response to HBcAg in mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus. Hepatology 1992; 15: 770–776 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840150505.
    • (1992) Hepatology , vol.15 , pp. 770-776
    • Hsu, H.Y.1    Chang, M.H.2    Hsieh, K.H.3
  • 30
    • 33847701354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hepatitis B
    • Lok AS, McMahon BJ. Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2007; 45: 507–539. DOI:10.1002/hep.21513.
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.45 , pp. 507-539
    • Lok, A.S.1    McMahon, B.J.2
  • 31
    • 84940195264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hepatitis B: Virology, natural history, current management and a glimpse at future opportunities
    • Gish RG, Given BD, Lai CL, et al. Chronic hepatitis B: Virology, natural history, current management and a glimpse at future opportunities. Antiviral Research 2015; 121: 47–58. DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.06.008.
    • (2015) Antiviral Research , vol.121 , pp. 47-58
    • Gish, R.G.1    Given, B.D.2    Lai, C.L.3
  • 32
    • 84983725895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viremia profiles in children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and spontaneous e antigen seroconversion
    • Ni YH, Chang MH, Chen PJ, et al. Viremia profiles in children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and spontaneous e antigen seroconversion. Gastroenterology 2007; 132: 2340–2345. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.111 S0016-5085(07)00637-3 [pii].
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.132 , Issue.7 , pp. 2340-2345
    • Ni, Y.H.1    Chang, M.H.2    Chen, P.J.3
  • 33
    • 0023911640 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of asymptomatic HBsAg carrier children infected in the perinatal period: clinical and liver histologic studies
    • Chang MH, Hwang LY, Hsu HC, Lee CY, Beasley RP. Prospective study of asymptomatic HBsAg carrier children infected in the perinatal period: clinical and liver histologic studies. Hepatology 1988; 8: 374–377 S0270913988000576 [pii].
    • (1988) Hepatology , vol.8 , pp. 374-377
    • Chang, M.H.1    Hwang, L.Y.2    Hsu, H.C.3    Lee, C.Y.4    Beasley, R.P.5
  • 34
    • 33644506166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005
    • Yim HJ, Lok AS. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005. Hepatology 2006; 43: S173–181. DOI:10.1002/hep.20956.
    • (2006) Hepatology , vol.43 , pp. S173-181
    • Yim, H.J.1    Lok, A.S.2
  • 35
    • 59749096640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection
    • Liaw YF, Chu CM. Hepatitis B virus infection. Lancet 2009; 373: 582–592. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60207-5 S0140-6736(09)60207-5 [pii].
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , Issue.9 , pp. 582-592
    • Liaw, Y.F.1    Chu, C.M.2
  • 36
    • 0025292305 scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome of chronic type B hepatitis in patients who acquire hepatitis B virus infection in childhood
    • Bortolotti F, Cadrobbi P, Crivellaro C, et al. Long-term outcome of chronic type B hepatitis in patients who acquire hepatitis B virus infection in childhood. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 805–810 S0016508590003213 [pii].
    • (1990) Gastroenterology , vol.99 , pp. 805-810
    • Bortolotti, F.1    Cadrobbi, P.2    Crivellaro, C.3
  • 37
    • 0036681669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children of different ethnic origins
    • Marx G, Martin SR, Chicoine JF, Alvarez F. Long-term follow-up of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children of different ethnic origins. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2002; 186: 295–301. DOI:10.1086/341508 JID011277 [pii].
    • (2002) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.186 , pp. 295-301
    • Marx, G.1    Martin, S.R.2    Chicoine, J.F.3    Alvarez, F.4
  • 38
    • 0028807921 scopus 로고
    • The significance of spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in childhood: with special emphasis on the clearance of hepatitis B e antigen before 3 years of age
    • Chang MH, Hsu HY, Hsu HC, Ni YH, Chen JS, Chen DS. The significance of spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in childhood: with special emphasis on the clearance of hepatitis B e antigen before 3 years of age. Hepatology 1995; 22: 1387–1392 S0270913995003855 [pii].
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , pp. 1387-1392
    • Chang, M.H.1    Hsu, H.Y.2    Hsu, H.C.3    Ni, Y.H.4    Chen, J.S.5    Chen, D.S.6
  • 39
    • 34848884493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome in children with chronic hepatitis B: a 24-year observation period
    • CID51006
    • Iorio R, Giannattasio A, Cirillo F, D' Alessandro L, Vegnente A. Long-term outcome in children with chronic hepatitis B: a 24-year observation period. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007; 45: 943–949. DOI:10.1086/521864 CID51006 [pii].
    • (2007) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.45 , pp. 943-949
    • Iorio, R.1    Giannattasio, A.2    Cirillo, F.3    D' Alessandro, L.4    Vegnente, A.5
  • 40
    • 34447647679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Africa, its genotypes and clinical associations of genotypes
    • HEP098
    • Kramvis A, Kew MC. Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Africa, its genotypes and clinical associations of genotypes. Hepatology Research 2007; 37: S9–S19. DOI:10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00098.x HEP098 [pii].
    • (2007) Hepatology Research , vol.37 , pp. S9-S19
    • Kramvis, A.1    Kew, M.C.2
  • 41
    • 0029736388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence study of different hepatitis markers among pregnant Albanian refugees in Greece
    • Malamitsi-Puchner A, Papacharitonos S, Sotos D, et al. Prevalence study of different hepatitis markers among pregnant Albanian refugees in Greece. European Journal of Epidemiology 1996; 12: 297–301.
    • (1996) European Journal of Epidemiology , vol.12 , pp. 297-301
    • Malamitsi-Puchner, A.1    Papacharitonos, S.2    Sotos, D.3
  • 42
    • 34247209063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two decades of universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan: impact and implication for future strategies
    • Ni YH, Huang LM, Chang MH, et al. Two decades of universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan: impact and implication for future strategies. Gastroenterology 2007; 132: 1287–1293. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.02.055 S0016-5085(07)00414-3 [pii].
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.132 , Issue.7 , pp. 1287-1293
    • Ni, Y.H.1    Huang, L.M.2    Chang, M.H.3
  • 43
    • 84984578737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotypes and spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in Taiwanese hepatitis B carriers
    • Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in Taiwanese hepatitis B carriers. Journal of Medical Virology 2004; 72: 363–369. DOI:10.1002/jmv.10534.
    • (2004) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.72 , pp. 363-369
    • Kao, J.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Chen, D.S.4
  • 44
    • 1542721034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of hepatocellular carcinoma among prospectively followed children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Wen WH, Chang MH, Hsu HY, Ni YH, Chen HL. The development of hepatocellular carcinoma among prospectively followed children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Journal of Pediatrics 2004; 144: 397–399. DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2003.11.022 S0022-3476(03)00855-2 [pii].
    • (2004) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.144 , Issue.3 , pp. 397-399
    • Wen, W.H.1    Chang, M.H.2    Hsu, H.Y.3    Ni, Y.H.4    Chen, H.L.5
  • 45
    • 84906324569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occult hepatitis B infection
    • Pollicino T, Raimondo G. Occult hepatitis B infection. Journal of Hepatology 2014; 61: 688–689. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.036.
    • (2014) Journal of Hepatology , vol.61 , pp. 688-689
    • Pollicino, T.1    Raimondo, G.2
  • 46
    • 69749101323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history and clinical management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children
    • Chang MH. Natural history and clinical management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children. Hepatology International 2008; 2: 28–36. DOI:10.1007/s12072-008-9050-9.
    • (2008) Hepatology International , vol.2 , pp. 28-36
    • Chang, M.H.1
  • 47
    • 0023786467 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal follow-up of asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen-positive Chinese children
    • Lok AS, Lai CL. A longitudinal follow-up of asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen-positive Chinese children. Hepatology 1988; 8: 1130–1133 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840150304.
    • (1988) Hepatology , vol.8 , pp. 1130-1133
    • Lok, A.S.1    Lai, C.L.2
  • 48
    • 0026518743 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous loss of HBsAg in children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Hsu HY, Chang MH, Lee CY, Chen JS, Hsu HC, Chen DS. Spontaneous loss of HBsAg in children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 1992; 15: 382–386 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840150304.
    • (1992) Hepatology , vol.15 , pp. 382-386
    • Hsu, H.Y.1    Chang, M.H.2    Lee, C.Y.3    Chen, J.S.4    Hsu, H.C.5    Chen, D.S.6
  • 50
    • 0032146412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of chronic hepatitis B in Caucasian children during a 20-year observation period
    • Bortolotti F, Jara P, Crivellaro C, et al. Outcome of chronic hepatitis B in Caucasian children during a 20-year observation period. Journal of Hepatology 1998; 29: 184–190. DOI:10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80002-0.
    • (1998) Journal of Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 184-190
    • Bortolotti, F.1    Jara, P.2    Crivellaro, C.3
  • 51
    • 0026096551 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus integration in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in childhood
    • Chang MH, Chen PJ, Chen JY, et al. Hepatitis B virus integration in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in childhood. Hepatology 1991; 13: 316–320 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840130218.
    • (1991) Hepatology , vol.13 , pp. 316-320
    • Chang, M.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Chen, J.Y.3
  • 52
    • 14744299915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of genotypes of hepatitis B virus to mutations, disease progression and response to antiviral therapy
    • JVH624
    • Kramvis A, Kew MC. Relationship of genotypes of hepatitis B virus to mutations, disease progression and response to antiviral therapy. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 2005; 12: 456–464. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00624.x JVH624 [pii].
    • (2005) Journal of Viral Hepatitis , vol.12 , pp. 456-464
    • Kramvis, A.1    Kew, M.C.2
  • 53
    • 77949535710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and phylogenetic analyses suggest an additional hepatitis B virus genotype “I
    • Yu H, Yuan Q, Ge SX, et al. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses suggest an additional hepatitis B virus genotype “I”. PloS One 2010; 5: e9297. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0009297.
    • (2010) PloS One , vol.5
    • Yu, H.1    Yuan, Q.2    Ge, S.X.3
  • 54
    • 9144223295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains derived worldwide: genotypes, subgenotypes, and HBsAg subtypes
    • Norder H, Courouce AM, Coursaget P, et al. Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains derived worldwide: genotypes, subgenotypes, and HBsAg subtypes. Intervirology 2004; 47: 289–309. DOI:10.1159/000080872 INT2004047006289 [pii].
    • (2004) Intervirology , vol.47 , pp. 289-309
    • Norder, H.1    Courouce, A.M.2    Coursaget, P.3
  • 55
    • 84904648921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotypes and genetic variability of hepatitis B virus
    • Kramvis A. Genotypes and genetic variability of hepatitis B virus. Intervirology 2014; 57: 141–150. DOI:10.1159/000360947 000360947 [pii].
    • (2014) Intervirology , vol.57 , pp. 141-150
    • Kramvis, A.1
  • 56
    • 70349731726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genetic variant of hepatitis B virus divergent from known human and ape genotypes isolated from a Japanese patient and provisionally assigned to new genotype J
    • Tatematsu K, Tanaka Y, Kurbanov F, et al. A genetic variant of hepatitis B virus divergent from known human and ape genotypes isolated from a Japanese patient and provisionally assigned to new genotype J. Journal of Virology 2009; 83: 10538–10547. DOI:10.1128/JVI.00462-09 JVI.00462-09 [pii].
    • (2009) Journal of Virology , vol.83 , pp. 10538-10547
    • Tatematsu, K.1    Tanaka, Y.2    Kurbanov, F.3
  • 57
    • 84887607497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible origins and evolution of the hepatitis B virus (HBV)
    • Locarnini S, Littlejohn M, Aziz MN, Yuen L. Possible origins and evolution of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Seminars in Cancer Biology 2013; 23: 561–575. DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.08.006 S1044-579X(13)00082-5 [pii].
    • (2013) Seminars in Cancer Biology , vol.23 , Issue.13 , pp. 561-575
    • Locarnini, S.1    Littlejohn, M.2    Aziz, M.N.3    Yuen, L.4
  • 58
    • 36849038593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of serological subtype, basic core promoter and precore mutations to genotypes/subgenotypes of hepatitis B virus
    • Kramvis A, Arakawa K, Yu MC, Nogueira R, Stram DO, Kew MC. Relationship of serological subtype, basic core promoter and precore mutations to genotypes/subgenotypes of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Medical Virology 2008; 80: 27–46. DOI:10.1002/jmv.21049.
    • (2008) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.80 , pp. 27-46
    • Kramvis, A.1    Arakawa, K.2    Yu, M.C.3    Nogueira, R.4    Stram, D.O.5    Kew, M.C.6
  • 59
    • 0036019518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B viral genotypes: clinical relevance and molecular characteristics
    • Kao JH. Hepatitis B viral genotypes: clinical relevance and molecular characteristics. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2002; 17: 643–650 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02737.x.
    • (2002) Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.17 , pp. 643-650
    • Kao, J.H.1
  • 60
    • 65049088247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of hepatitis B virus genotype and subgenotype on the natural history of chronic hepatitis B
    • McMahon BJ. The influence of hepatitis B virus genotype and subgenotype on the natural history of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology International 2009; 3: 334–342. DOI:10.1007/s12072-008-9112-z.
    • (2009) Hepatology International , vol.3 , pp. 334-342
    • McMahon, B.J.1
  • 61
    • 84876124924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype D of hepatitis B virus and its subgenotypes: an update
    • Yousif M, Kramvis A. Genotype D of hepatitis B virus and its subgenotypes: an update. Hepatology Research 2013; 43: 355–364. DOI:10.1111/j.1872-034X.2012.01090.x.
    • (2013) Hepatology Research , vol.43 , pp. 355-364
    • Yousif, M.1    Kramvis, A.2
  • 62
    • 84879627425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgenotype A1 of HBV—tracing human migrations in and out of Africa
    • Kramvis A, Paraskevis D. Subgenotype A1 of HBV—tracing human migrations in and out of Africa. Antiviral Therapy 2013; 18: 513–521. DOI:10.3851/IMP2657.
    • (2013) Antiviral Therapy , vol.18 , pp. 513-521
    • Kramvis, A.1    Paraskevis, D.2
  • 63
    • 0034964464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum of healthy black African adults positive for hepatitis B surface antibody alone: possible association with recombination between genotypes A and D
    • Owiredu WK, Kramvis A, Kew MC. Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum of healthy black African adults positive for hepatitis B surface antibody alone: possible association with recombination between genotypes A and D. Journal of Medical Virology 2001; 64: 441–454.
    • (2001) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.64 , pp. 441-454
    • Owiredu, W.K.1    Kramvis, A.2    Kew, M.C.3
  • 64
    • 0033984724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships within and between genotypes of hepatitis B virus at points across the genome: footprints of recombination in certain isolates
    • Bowyer SM, Sim JG. Relationships within and between genotypes of hepatitis B virus at points across the genome: footprints of recombination in certain isolates. The Journal of General Virology 2000; 81: 379–392.
    • (2000) The Journal of General Virology , vol.81 , pp. 379-392
    • Bowyer, S.M.1    Sim, J.G.2
  • 65
    • 0036100298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus of genotype B with or without recombination with genotype C over the precore region plus the core gene
    • Sugauchi F, Orito E, Ichida T, et al. Hepatitis B virus of genotype B with or without recombination with genotype C over the precore region plus the core gene. Journal of Virology 2002; 76: 5985–5992.
    • (2002) Journal of Virology , vol.76 , pp. 5985-5992
    • Sugauchi, F.1    Orito, E.2    Ichida, T.3
  • 66
    • 0036842086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dominant hepatitis B virus genotype identified in Tibet is a C/D hybrid
    • Cui C, Shi J, Hui L, et al. The dominant hepatitis B virus genotype identified in Tibet is a C/D hybrid. The Journal of General Virology 2002; 83: 2773–2777.
    • (2002) The Journal of General Virology , vol.83 , pp. 2773-2777
    • Cui, C.1    Shi, J.2    Hui, L.3
  • 67
    • 29744442930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombination in the genesis and evolution of hepatitis B virus genotypes
    • Simmonds P, Midgley S. Recombination in the genesis and evolution of hepatitis B virus genotypes. Journal of Virology 2005; 79: 15467–15476. DOI:10.1128/JVI.79.24.15467-15476.2005.
    • (2005) Journal of Virology , vol.79 , pp. 15467-15476
    • Simmonds, P.1    Midgley, S.2
  • 68
    • 84858078074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of novel inter-genotypic recombinants of human hepatitis B viruses by large-scale phylogenetic analysis
    • Shi W, Carr MJ, Dunford L, Zhu C, Hall WW, Higgins DG. Identification of novel inter-genotypic recombinants of human hepatitis B viruses by large-scale phylogenetic analysis. Virology 2012; 427: 51–59. DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2012.01.030 S0042-6822(12)00077-3 [pii].
    • (2012) Virology , vol.427 , Issue.12 , pp. 51-59
    • Shi, W.1    Carr, M.J.2    Dunford, L.3    Zhu, C.4    Hall, W.W.5    Higgins, D.G.6
  • 69
    • 33750332094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular evolution of hepatitis B virus over 25 years
    • Osiowy C, Giles E, Tanaka Y, Mizokami M, Minuk GY. Molecular evolution of hepatitis B virus over 25 years. Journal of Virology 2006; 80: 10307–10314. DOI:10.1128/JVI.00996-06 80/21/10307 [pii].
    • (2006) Journal of Virology , vol.80 , pp. 10307-10314
    • Osiowy, C.1    Giles, E.2    Tanaka, Y.3    Mizokami, M.4    Minuk, G.Y.5
  • 71
    • 0028301224 scopus 로고
    • Complete genomes, phylogenetic relatedness, and structural proteins of six strains of the hepatitis B virus, four of which represent two new genotypes
    • Norder H, Courouce AM, Magnius LO. Complete genomes, phylogenetic relatedness, and structural proteins of six strains of the hepatitis B virus, four of which represent two new genotypes. Virology 1994; 198: 489–503. DOI:10.1006/viro.1994.1060 S0042-6822(84)71060-9 [pii].
    • (1994) Virology , vol.198 , Issue.84 , pp. 489-503
    • Norder, H.1    Courouce, A.M.2    Magnius, L.O.3
  • 72
    • 1642580790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotypes: comparison of genotyping methods
    • Bartholomeusz A, Schaefer S. Hepatitis B virus genotypes: comparison of genotyping methods. Reviews in Medical Virology 2004; 14: 3–16.
    • (2004) Reviews in Medical Virology , vol.14 , pp. 3-16
    • Bartholomeusz, A.1    Schaefer, S.2
  • 73
  • 74
    • 84993978278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The study of hepatitis B virus using bioinformatics
    • In, Abdurakhmanov IY, (ed)., InTech—Open Access Publisher, Available from
    • Bell TG, Kramvis A. The study of hepatitis B virus using bioinformatics. In Bioinformatics, Abdurakhmanov IY (ed). InTech—Open Access Publisher, 2016. DOI: 10.5772/63076 Available from:http://www.intechopen.com/
    • (2016) Bioinformatics
    • Bell, T.G.1    Kramvis, A.2
  • 75
    • 0028823206 scopus 로고
    • Subcellular localization of hepatitis B core antigen in relation to hepatocyte regeneration in chronic hepatitis B
    • Chu CM, Yeh CT, Sheen IS, Liaw YF. Subcellular localization of hepatitis B core antigen in relation to hepatocyte regeneration in chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 1995; 109: 1926–1932. DOI:10.1016/0016-5085(95)90760-2.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.109 , pp. 1926-1932
    • Chu, C.M.1    Yeh, C.T.2    Sheen, I.S.3    Liaw, Y.F.4
  • 76
    • 0036136512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precore stop mutant in HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B: clinical characteristics and correlation with the course of HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion
    • Chu CM, Yeh CT, Lee CS, Sheen IS, Liaw YF. Precore stop mutant in HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B: clinical characteristics and correlation with the course of HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2002; 40: 16–21.
    • (2002) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.40 , pp. 16-21
    • Chu, C.M.1    Yeh, C.T.2    Lee, C.S.3    Sheen, I.S.4    Liaw, Y.F.5
  • 77
    • 0036838283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the development of precore and core promoter mutations and hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus
    • Yuen MF, Sablon E, Yuan HJ, et al. Relationship between the development of precore and core promoter mutations and hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2002; 186: 1335–1338. DOI:10.1086/344327 JID020471 [pii].
    • (2002) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.186 , pp. 1335-1338
    • Yuen, M.F.1    Sablon, E.2    Yuan, H.J.3
  • 78
    • 0029817029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication
    • Buckwold VE, Xu Z, Chen M, Yen TS, Ou JH. Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication. Journal of Virology 1996; 70: 5845–5851.
    • (1996) Journal of Virology , vol.70 , pp. 5845-5851
    • Buckwold, V.E.1    Xu, Z.2    Chen, M.3    Yen, T.S.4    Ou, J.H.5
  • 79
    • 0242574501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence variation upstream of precore translation initiation codon reduces hepatitis B virus e antigen production
    • Ahn SH, Kramvis A, Kawai S, et al. Sequence variation upstream of precore translation initiation codon reduces hepatitis B virus e antigen production. Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 1370–1378 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastro.2003.07.016.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.125 , pp. 1370-1378
    • Ahn, S.H.1    Kramvis, A.2    Kawai, S.3
  • 80
    • 0024427902 scopus 로고
    • Mutation preventing formation of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
    • Carman WF, Jacyna MR, Hadziyannis S, et al. Mutation preventing formation of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet 1989; 2: 588–591. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(89)90713-7.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 588-591
    • Carman, W.F.1    Jacyna, M.R.2    Hadziyannis, S.3
  • 81
    • 43049118617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A valine to phenylalanine mutation in the precore region of hepatitis B virus causes intracellular retention and impaired secretion of HBe-antigen
    • HEP315
    • Chen CY, Crowther C, Kew MC, Kramvis A. A valine to phenylalanine mutation in the precore region of hepatitis B virus causes intracellular retention and impaired secretion of HBe-antigen. Hepatology Research 2008; 38: 580–592. DOI:10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00315.x HEP315 [pii].
    • (2008) Hepatology Research , vol.38 , pp. 580-592
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Crowther, C.2    Kew, M.C.3    Kramvis, A.4
  • 82
    • 84874050965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation Reporter Tool: an online tool to interrogate loci of interest, with its utility demonstrated using hepatitis B virus
    • Bell TG, Kramvis A. Mutation Reporter Tool: an online tool to interrogate loci of interest, with its utility demonstrated using hepatitis B virus. Virology Journal 2013; 10: 62. DOI:10.1186/1743-422X-10-62 1743-422X-10-62 [pii].
    • (2013) Virology Journal , vol.10 , pp. 62
    • Bell, T.G.1    Kramvis, A.2
  • 83
    • 0027295758 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotype A rarely circulates as an HBe-minus mutant: possible contribution of a single nucleotide in the precore region
    • Li JS, Tong SP, Wen YM, Vitvitski L, Zhang Q, Trepo C. Hepatitis B virus genotype A rarely circulates as an HBe-minus mutant: possible contribution of a single nucleotide in the precore region. Journal of Virology 1993; 67: 5402–5410.
    • (1993) Journal of Virology , vol.67 , pp. 5402-5410
    • Li, J.S.1    Tong, S.P.2    Wen, Y.M.3    Vitvitski, L.4    Zhang, Q.5    Trepo, C.6
  • 84
    • 0028222146 scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus serve to enhance the stability of the secondary structure of the pre-genome encapsidation signal
    • Lok AS, Akarca U, Greene S. Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus serve to enhance the stability of the secondary structure of the pre-genome encapsidation signal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994; 91: 4077–4081.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.91 , pp. 4077-4081
    • Lok, A.S.1    Akarca, U.2    Greene, S.3
  • 85
    • 34447622142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of subgenotype A1 (subgroup Aa) of hepatitis B virus
    • HEP100
    • Kramvis A, Kew MC. Molecular characterization of subgenotype A1 (subgroup Aa) of hepatitis B virus. Hepatology Research 2007; 37: S27–32. DOI:10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00100.x HEP100 [pii].
    • (2007) Hepatology Research , vol.37 , pp. S27-32
    • Kramvis, A.1    Kew, M.C.2
  • 86
    • 4544278706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case–control study for differences among hepatitis B virus infections of genotypes A (subtypes Aa and Ae) and D
    • Tanaka Y, Hasegawa I, Kato T, et al. A case–control study for differences among hepatitis B virus infections of genotypes A (subtypes Aa and Ae) and D. Hepatology 2004; 40: 747–755. DOI:10.1002/hep.20365.
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.40 , pp. 747-755
    • Tanaka, Y.1    Hasegawa, I.2    Kato, T.3
  • 87
    • 0036079898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotype B is associated with earlier HBeAg seroconversion compared with hepatitis B virus genotype C
    • Chu CJ, Hussain M, Lok AS. Hepatitis B virus genotype B is associated with earlier HBeAg seroconversion compared with hepatitis B virus genotype C. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1756–1762 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2002.33588.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.122 , pp. 1756-1762
    • Chu, C.J.1    Hussain, M.2    Lok, A.S.3
  • 88
    • 35648994427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clearance of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B and genotypes A, B, C, D, and F
    • Livingston SE, Simonetti JP, Bulkow LR, et al. Clearance of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B and genotypes A, B, C, D, and F. Gastroenterology 2007; 133: 1452–1457. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.08.010 S0016-5085(07)01456-4 [pii].
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.133 , Issue.7 , pp. 1452-1457
    • Livingston, S.E.1    Simonetti, J.P.2    Bulkow, L.R.3
  • 89
    • 33750044030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and serological characterization of hepatitis B virus in deferred Ghanaian blood donors with and without elevated alanine aminotransferase
    • JVH741
    • Candotti D, Opare-Sem O, Rezvan H, Sarkodie F, Allain JP. Molecular and serological characterization of hepatitis B virus in deferred Ghanaian blood donors with and without elevated alanine aminotransferase. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 2006; 13: 715–724. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2006.00741.x JVH741 [pii].
    • (2006) Journal of Viral Hepatitis , vol.13 , pp. 715-724
    • Candotti, D.1    Opare-Sem, O.2    Rezvan, H.3    Sarkodie, F.4    Allain, J.P.5
  • 90
    • 84984537562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and virological aspects of blood donors infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes B and C
    • Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Clinical and virological aspects of blood donors infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes B and C. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2002; 40: 22–25.
    • (2002) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.40 , pp. 22-25
    • Kao, J.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Chen, D.S.4
  • 91
    • 84861957437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission: hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) prevalence estimates for all world regions
    • Ott JJ, Stevens GA, Wiersma ST. The risk of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission: hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) prevalence estimates for all world regions. BMC Infectious Diseases 2012; 12: 131. DOI:10.1186/1471-2334-12-131.
    • (2012) BMC Infectious Diseases , vol.12 , pp. 131
    • Ott, J.J.1    Stevens, G.A.2    Wiersma, S.T.3
  • 92
    • 0019145584 scopus 로고
    • Transmission of hepatitis B antigens from symptom free carrier mothers to the fetus and the infant
    • Wong VC, Lee AK, Ip HM. Transmission of hepatitis B antigens from symptom free carrier mothers to the fetus and the infant. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1980; 87: 958–965.
    • (1980) British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , vol.87 , pp. 958-965
    • Wong, V.C.1    Lee, A.K.2    Ip, H.M.3
  • 93
    • 84881184568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower intrafamilial transmission rate of hepatitis B in patients with hepatitis d coinfection: a data-mining approach
    • Pournik O, Alavian SM, Ghalichi L, Hajibeigi B, Razavi AR, Eslami S. Lower intrafamilial transmission rate of hepatitis B in patients with hepatitis d coinfection: a data-mining approach. Hepatitis Monthly 2013; 13: e7652. DOI:10.5812/hepatmon.7652.
    • (2013) Hepatitis Monthly , vol.13
    • Pournik, O.1    Alavian, S.M.2    Ghalichi, L.3    Hajibeigi, B.4    Razavi, A.R.5    Eslami, S.6
  • 94
    • 84960912951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B and D viruses replication interference: influence of hepatitis B genotype
    • Madejon A, Romero M, Hernandez A, et al. Hepatitis B and D viruses replication interference: influence of hepatitis B genotype. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016; 22: 3165–3174. DOI:10.3748/wjg.v22.i11.3165.
    • (2016) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.22 , pp. 3165-3174
    • Madejon, A.1    Romero, M.2    Hernandez, A.3
  • 95
    • 0023200819 scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus is closely related to placental leakage
    • Ohto H, Lin HH, Kawana T, Etoh T, Tohyama H. Intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus is closely related to placental leakage. Journal of Medical Virology 1987; 21: 1–6.
    • (1987) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.21 , pp. 1-6
    • Ohto, H.1    Lin, H.H.2    Kawana, T.3    Etoh, T.4    Tohyama, H.5
  • 96
    • 0036207817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and mechanism of transplacental transmission of hepatitis B virus: a case–control study
    • Xu DZ, Yan YP, Choi BC, et al. Risk factors and mechanism of transplacental transmission of hepatitis B virus: a case–control study. Journal of Medical Virology 2002; 67: 20–26.
    • (2002) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.67 , pp. 20-26
    • Xu, D.Z.1    Yan, Y.P.2    Choi, B.C.3
  • 97
    • 34547423292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of hepatitis B virus infection of placental barrier and hepatitis B virus intra-uterine transmission mechanism
    • Bai H, Zhang L, Ma L, Dou XG, Feng GH, Zhao GZ. Relationship of hepatitis B virus infection of placental barrier and hepatitis B virus intra-uterine transmission mechanism. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007; 13: 3625–3630.
    • (2007) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.13 , pp. 3625-3630
    • Bai, H.1    Zhang, L.2    Ma, L.3    Dou, X.G.4    Feng, G.H.5    Zhao, G.Z.6
  • 98
    • 7044239650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin on interruption of HBV intrauterine infection
    • Li XM, Shi MF, Yang YB, et al. Effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin on interruption of HBV intrauterine infection. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004; 10: 3215–3217.
    • (2004) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.10 , pp. 3215-3217
    • Li, X.M.1    Shi, M.F.2    Yang, Y.B.3
  • 99
    • 0036186423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic heterogeneity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and outcome of perinatal HBV infection
    • Cacciola I, Cerenzia G, Pollicino T, et al. Genomic heterogeneity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and outcome of perinatal HBV infection. Journal of Hepatology 2002; 36: 426–432 DOI: 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00295-1.
    • (2002) Journal of Hepatology , vol.36 , pp. 426-432
    • Cacciola, I.1    Cerenzia, G.2    Pollicino, T.3
  • 100
    • 59149089179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B and pregnancy: an underestimated issue
    • Jonas MM. Hepatitis B and pregnancy: an underestimated issue. Liver International 2009; 29(Suppl 1): 133–139. DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01933.x.
    • (2009) Liver International , vol.29 , pp. 133-139
    • Jonas, M.M.1
  • 101
    • 0020682268 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal infectivity of hepatitis B surface antigen-carrier mothers
    • Beasley RP, Hwang LY. Postnatal infectivity of hepatitis B surface antigen-carrier mothers. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1983; 147: 185–190.
    • (1983) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.147 , pp. 185-190
    • Beasley, R.P.1    Hwang, L.Y.2
  • 102
    • 0018121681 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of maternal–fetal transmission of hepatitis B virus
    • Lee AK, Ip HM, Wong VC. Mechanisms of maternal–fetal transmission of hepatitis B virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1978; 138: 668–671.
    • (1978) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.138 , pp. 668-671
    • Lee, A.K.1    Ip, H.M.2    Wong, V.C.3
  • 103
    • 0034976759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen and deoxyribonucleic acid in amniotic fluid and cord blood
    • discussion 1518-1520
    • Towers CV, Asrat T, Rumney P. The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen and deoxyribonucleic acid in amniotic fluid and cord blood. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2001; 184: 1514–1518 discussion 1518-1520.
    • (2001) American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology , vol.184 , pp. 1514-1518
    • Towers, C.V.1    Asrat, T.2    Rumney, P.3
  • 104
    • 0017066968 scopus 로고
    • e antigen and anti-e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants
    • Okada K, Kamiyama I, Inomata M, Imai M, Miyakawa Y. e antigen and anti-e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants. New England Journal of Medicine 1976; 294: 746–749. DOI:10.1056/NEJM197604012941402.
    • (1976) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.294 , pp. 746-749
    • Okada, K.1    Kamiyama, I.2    Inomata, M.3    Imai, M.4    Miyakawa, Y.5
  • 106
    • 0019502589 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) efficacy in the interruption of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus carrier state. Initial report of a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Beasley RP, Hwang LY, Lin CC, et al. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) efficacy in the interruption of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus carrier state. Initial report of a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 1981; 2: 388–393. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(81)90832-1.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 388-393
    • Beasley, R.P.1    Hwang, L.Y.2    Lin, C.C.3
  • 108
    • 84993845600 scopus 로고
    • HBeAg and anti-HBe detection by radioimmunoassay: correlation with vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in Taiwan
    • Stevens CE, Neurath RA, Beasley RP, Szmuness W. HBeAg and anti-HBe detection by radioimmunoassay: correlation with vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in Taiwan. Journal of Medical Virology 1979; 3: 237–241.
    • (1979) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.3 , pp. 237-241
    • Stevens, C.E.1    Neurath, R.A.2    Beasley, R.P.3    Szmuness, W.4
  • 109
    • 0019399722 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the maternal–infant transmission of the hepatitis B virus and HBV infection within families
    • Tong MJ, Thursby MW, Lin JH, Weissman JY, McPeak CM. Studies on the maternal–infant transmission of the hepatitis B virus and HBV infection within families. Progress in Medical Virology 1981; 27: 137–147.
    • (1981) Progress in Medical Virology , vol.27 , pp. 137-147
    • Tong, M.J.1    Thursby, M.W.2    Lin, J.H.3    Weissman, J.Y.4    McPeak, C.M.5
  • 114
    • 33644878441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in a rural settlement of northern Nigeria
    • Jombo GT, Egah DZ, Banwat EB. Hepatitis B virus infection in a rural settlement of northern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine 2005; 14: 425–428.
    • (2005) Nigerian Journal of Medicine , vol.14 , pp. 425-428
    • Jombo, G.T.1    Egah, D.Z.2    Banwat, E.B.3
  • 115
    • 2942568329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hepatitis B surface and e antigens, risk factors for viral acquisition and serum transaminase among blood donors in Ibadan, Nigeria
    • Otegbayo JA, Fasola FA, Abja A. Prevalence of hepatitis B surface and e antigens, risk factors for viral acquisition and serum transaminase among blood donors in Ibadan, Nigeria. Tropical Gastroenterology 2003; 24: 196–197.
    • (2003) Tropical Gastroenterology , vol.24 , pp. 196-197
    • Otegbayo, J.A.1    Fasola, F.A.2    Abja, A.3
  • 116
    • 0023279513 scopus 로고
    • Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in high-incidence countries
    • Ghendon Y. Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in high-incidence countries. Journal of Virological Methods 1987; 17: 69–79. DOI:10.1016/0166-0934(87)90070-X.
    • (1987) Journal of Virological Methods , vol.17 , pp. 69-79
    • Ghendon, Y.1
  • 118
    • 0034947195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Gambian families revealed by phylogenetic analysis
    • Dumpis U, Holmes EC, Mendy M, et al. Transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Gambian families revealed by phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Hepatology 2001; 35: 99–104 S0168827801000642 [pii].
    • (2001) Journal of Hepatology , vol.35 , pp. 99-104
    • Dumpis, U.1    Holmes, E.C.2    Mendy, M.3
  • 119
    • 0020628740 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection in two Gambian villages
    • Whittle HC, Bradley AK, McLauchlan K, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection in two Gambian villages. Lancet 1983; 1: 1203–1206.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1203-1206
    • Whittle, H.C.1    Bradley, A.K.2    McLauchlan, K.3
  • 120
    • 17044414961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a call for further investigation
    • LIV1054
    • Burnett RJ, Francois G, Kew MC, et al. Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a call for further investigation. Liver International 2005; 25: 201–213. DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01054.x LIV1054 [pii].
    • (2005) Liver International , vol.25 , pp. 201-213
    • Burnett, R.J.1    Francois, G.2    Kew, M.C.3
  • 122
    • 0020586135 scopus 로고
    • Avoidance of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: is passive immunisation always necessary?
    • Rosendahl C, Kochen MM, Kretschmer R, Wegscheider K, Kaiser D. Avoidance of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: is passive immunisation always necessary? Lancet 1983; 1: 1127–1129. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(83)92866-0.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1127-1129
    • Rosendahl, C.1    Kochen, M.M.2    Kretschmer, R.3    Wegscheider, K.4    Kaiser, D.5
  • 125
    • 0003031562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between HBV viremia level of pregnant women and intrauterine infection: neated PCR for detection of HBV DNA
    • Zhang SL, Han XB, Yue YF. Relationship between HBV viremia level of pregnant women and intrauterine infection: neated PCR for detection of HBV DNA. World Journal of Gastroenterology 1998; 4: 61–63.
    • (1998) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.4 , pp. 61-63
    • Zhang, S.L.1    Han, X.B.2    Yue, Y.F.3
  • 127
    • 33846079749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children of different ethnic origins: a cohort study with up to 12 years' follow-up in northern Greece
    • Zacharakis G, Koskinas J, Kotsiou S, et al. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in children of different ethnic origins: a cohort study with up to 12 years' follow-up in northern Greece. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2007; 44: 84–91. DOI:10.1097/01.mpg.0000243438.47334.07 14600005176-200701000-00018 [pii].
    • (2007) Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , vol.44 , pp. 84-91
    • Zacharakis, G.1    Koskinas, J.2    Kotsiou, S.3
  • 128
    • 0021086531 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of perinatally transmitted hepatitis B virus infections with hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine
    • Beasley RP, Hwang LY, Lee GC, et al. Prevention of perinatally transmitted hepatitis B virus infections with hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine. Lancet 1983; 2: 1099–1102. DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840030201.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1099-1102
    • Beasley, R.P.1    Hwang, L.Y.2    Lee, G.C.3
  • 129
    • 0020679957 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin for prevention of perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus carrier state: final report of a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Beasley RP, Hwang LY, Stevens CE, et al. Efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin for prevention of perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus carrier state: final report of a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hepatology 1983; 3: 135–141 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840030201.
    • (1983) Hepatology , vol.3 , pp. 135-141
    • Beasley, R.P.1    Hwang, L.Y.2    Stevens, C.E.3
  • 130
    • 0021998199 scopus 로고
    • Lack of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Senegal, West Africa
    • Marinier E, Barrois V, Larouze B, et al. Lack of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Senegal, West Africa. Journal of Pediatrics 1985; 106: 843–849.
    • (1985) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.106 , pp. 843-849
    • Marinier, E.1    Barrois, V.2    Larouze, B.3
  • 131
    • 0021701063 scopus 로고
    • Materno-foetal transmission of hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia
    • Basalamah AH, Serebour F, Kazim E. Materno-foetal transmission of hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Infection 1984; 8: 200–204.
    • (1984) Journal of Infection , vol.8 , pp. 200-204
    • Basalamah, A.H.1    Serebour, F.2    Kazim, E.3
  • 132
    • 2642580655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of hepatitis B e antigen to antibody seroconversion in patients with normal serum aminotransferase levels
    • Chu CM, Hung SJ, Lin J, Tai DI, Liaw YF. Natural history of hepatitis B e antigen to antibody seroconversion in patients with normal serum aminotransferase levels. American Journal of Medicine 2004; 116: 829–834. DOI:10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.12.040 S0002934304001469 [pii].
    • (2004) American Journal of Medicine , vol.116 , pp. 829-834
    • Chu, C.M.1    Hung, S.J.2    Lin, J.3    Tai, D.I.4    Liaw, Y.F.5
  • 133
    • 23444443850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with a higher risk of reactivation of hepatitis B and progression to cirrhosis than genotype B: a longitudinal study of hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with normal aminotransferase levels at baseline
    • Chu CM, Liaw YF. Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with a higher risk of reactivation of hepatitis B and progression to cirrhosis than genotype B: a longitudinal study of hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with normal aminotransferase levels at baseline. Journal of Hepatology 2005; 43: 411–417. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.03.018 S0168-8278(05)00308-9 [pii].
    • (2005) Journal of Hepatology , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 411-417
    • Chu, C.M.1    Liaw, Y.F.2
  • 134
    • 33846983919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hepatitis B virus infection acquired in childhood: special emphasis on prognostic and therapeutic implication of delayed HBeAg seroconversion
    • JVH810
    • Chu CM, Liaw YF. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection acquired in childhood: special emphasis on prognostic and therapeutic implication of delayed HBeAg seroconversion. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 2007; 14: 147–152. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2006.00810.x JVH810 [pii].
    • (2007) Journal of Viral Hepatitis , vol.14 , pp. 147-152
    • Chu, C.M.1    Liaw, Y.F.2
  • 135
    • 0021276997 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus carrier state in black children in Ovamboland: role of perinatal and horizontal infection
    • Botha JF, Ritchie MJ, Dusheiko GM, Mouton HW, Kew MC. Hepatitis B virus carrier state in black children in Ovamboland: role of perinatal and horizontal infection. Lancet 1984; 1: 1210–1212.
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1210-1212
    • Botha, J.F.1    Ritchie, M.J.2    Dusheiko, G.M.3    Mouton, H.W.4    Kew, M.C.5
  • 136
    • 35048829249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternofetal transmission of hepatitis B virus genotype E in Ghana, west Africa
    • Candotti D, Danso K, Allain JP. Maternofetal transmission of hepatitis B virus genotype E in Ghana, west Africa. The Journal of General Virology 2007; 88: 2686–2695. DOI:10.1099/vir.0.83102-0 88/10/2686 [pii].
    • (2007) The Journal of General Virology , vol.88 , pp. 2686-2695
    • Candotti, D.1    Danso, K.2    Allain, J.P.3
  • 137
    • 0027516310 scopus 로고
    • Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in Senegal, west Africa
    • Roingeard P, Diouf A, Sankale JL, et al. Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in Senegal, west Africa. Viral Immunology 1993; 6: 65–73.
    • (1993) Viral Immunology , vol.6 , pp. 65-73
    • Roingeard, P.1    Diouf, A.2    Sankale, J.L.3
  • 138
    • 0033039255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis viruses B, C, and E in Southern Tanzania
    • Menendez C, Sanchez-Tapias JM, Kahigwa E, et al. Prevalence and mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis viruses B, C, and E in Southern Tanzania. Journal of Medical Virology 1999; 58: 215–220. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199907)58:3<215::AID-JMV5>3.0.CO;2-K.
    • (1999) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.58 , pp. 215-220
    • Menendez, C.1    Sanchez-Tapias, J.M.2    Kahigwa, E.3
  • 140
    • 80052526205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effect of maternal HBeAg on delayed HBeAg seroconversion in offspring with chronic hepatitis B infection
    • Tseng YR, Wu JF, Ni YH, et al. Long-term effect of maternal HBeAg on delayed HBeAg seroconversion in offspring with chronic hepatitis B infection. Liver International 2011; 31: 1373–1380. DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02574.x.
    • (2011) Liver International , vol.31 , pp. 1373-1380
    • Tseng, Y.R.1    Wu, J.F.2    Ni, Y.H.3
  • 141
    • 0033962529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age and viral determinants on chronicity as an outcome of experimental woodchuck hepatitis virus infection
    • Cote PJ, Korba BE, Miller RH, et al. Effects of age and viral determinants on chronicity as an outcome of experimental woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. Hepatology 2000; 31: 190–200. DOI:10.1002/hep.510310128 S0270913900290794 [pii].
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.31 , pp. 190-200
    • Cote, P.J.1    Korba, B.E.2    Miller, R.H.3
  • 142
    • 0034774839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunopathogenesis of hepatitis B e antigen negative chronic hepatitis B infection
    • Hadziyannis SJ, Vassilopoulos D. Immunopathogenesis of hepatitis B e antigen negative chronic hepatitis B infection. Antiviral Research 2001; 52: 91–98. DOI:10.1016/S0166-3542(01)00173-5.
    • (2001) Antiviral Research , vol.52 , pp. 91-98
    • Hadziyannis, S.J.1    Vassilopoulos, D.2
  • 143
    • 0028136602 scopus 로고
    • Novel application of a point mutation assay: evidence for transmission of hepatitis B viruses with precore mutations and their detection in infants with fulminant hepatitis B
    • Hawkins AE, Gilson RJ, Beath SV, et al. Novel application of a point mutation assay: evidence for transmission of hepatitis B viruses with precore mutations and their detection in infants with fulminant hepatitis B. Journal of Medical Virology 1994; 44: 13–21.
    • (1994) Journal of Medical Virology , vol.44 , pp. 13-21
    • Hawkins, A.E.1    Gilson, R.J.2    Beath, S.V.3
  • 144
    • 0037157266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody responses to recombinant hepatitis B vaccines
    • Hessel L, West DJ. Antibody responses to recombinant hepatitis B vaccines. Vaccine 2002; 20: 2164–2165 DOI: 10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00117-2.
    • (2002) Vaccine , vol.20 , pp. 2164-2165
    • Hessel, L.1    West, D.J.2
  • 145
    • 33747883642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program in Taiwan: effectiveness in the 20 years after it was launched
    • Chien YC, Jan CF, Kuo HS, Chen CJ. Nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program in Taiwan: effectiveness in the 20 years after it was launched. Epidemiologic Reviews 2006; 28: 126–135. DOI:10.1093/epirev/mxj010.
    • (2006) Epidemiologic Reviews , vol.28 , pp. 126-135
    • Chien, Y.C.1    Jan, C.F.2    Kuo, H.S.3    Chen, C.J.4
  • 146
    • 84859413328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of maternal screening and universal immunization to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV
    • Chen HL, Lin LH, Hu FC, et al. Effects of maternal screening and universal immunization to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. Gastroenterology 2012; 142: 773–781 e772. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.12.035.
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.142 , pp. 773-781
    • Chen, H.L.1    Lin, L.H.2    Hu, F.C.3
  • 147
    • 84859413328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of maternal screening and universal immunization to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV
    • Chen HL, Lin LH, Hu FC, et al. Effects of maternal screening and universal immunization to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. Gastroenterology; 142: 773–781 e772. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.12.035 S0016-5085(11)01750-1 [pii]
    • Gastroenterology , vol.142 , Issue.11 , pp. 773-781
    • Chen, H.L.1    Lin, L.H.2    Hu, F.C.3
  • 148
    • 34447648002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HBV serological markers of vaccinated children in remote areas of Taiwan: emphasis on factors contributing to vaccine failure
    • Huang ML, Liao WL, Ho MS. HBV serological markers of vaccinated children in remote areas of Taiwan: emphasis on factors contributing to vaccine failure. Vaccine 2007; 25: 6326–6333. DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.06.022 S0264-410X(07)00699-8 [pii].
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , Issue.7 , pp. 6326-6333
    • Huang, M.L.1    Liao, W.L.2    Ho, M.S.3
  • 149
    • 84984541353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of occult hepatitis B virus by transfusion to adult and pediatric recipients in Taiwan
    • Liu CJ, Lo SC, Kao JH, et al. Transmission of occult hepatitis B virus by transfusion to adult and pediatric recipients in Taiwan. Journal of Hepatology 2006; 44: 39–46. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.06.016 S0168-8278(05)00449-6 [pii].
    • (2006) Journal of Hepatology , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 39-46
    • Liu, C.J.1    Lo, S.C.2    Kao, J.H.3
  • 150
    • 10644244357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waning immunity to plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine and the need for boosters 15 years after neonatal vaccination
    • Lu CY, Chiang BL, Chi WK, et al. Waning immunity to plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine and the need for boosters 15 years after neonatal vaccination. Hepatology 2004; 40: 1415–1420. DOI:10.1002/hep.20490.
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.40 , pp. 1415-1420
    • Lu, C.Y.1    Chiang, B.L.2    Chi, W.K.3
  • 151
    • 50949118651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection
    • Raimondo G, Allain JP, Brunetto MR, et al. Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection. Journal of Hepatology 2008; 49: 652–657. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.014 S0168-8278(08)00479-0 [pii].
    • (2008) Journal of Hepatology , vol.49 , Issue.8 , pp. 652-657
    • Raimondo, G.1    Allain, J.P.2    Brunetto, M.R.3
  • 152
  • 153
    • 84978812085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glasgow, Scotland. 2–4 September., / [22 January 2016]
    • World Hepatitis Summit 2015. Glasgow, Scotland. 2–4 September. http://www.worldhepatitissummit.com/ [22 January 2016].
    • World Hepatitis Summit 2015


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.