메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 2 SUPPL. 1, 2006, Pages

Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: What we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADEFOVIR; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; ENTECAVIR; HEPATITIS B(E) ANTIGEN; INTERFERON; LAMIVUDINE; PLACEBO;

EID: 33644506166     PISSN: 02709139     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hep.20956     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (462)

References (97)
  • 1
    • 0016743970 scopus 로고
    • Viral hepatitis: Clinical aspects
    • Redeker AG. Viral hepatitis: clinical aspects. Am J Med Sci 1975;270:9-16.
    • (1975) Am J Med Sci , vol.270 , pp. 9-16
    • Redeker, A.G.1
  • 2
    • 0019527360 scopus 로고
    • Type B hepatitis: Virology, serology and clinical course
    • Hoofnagle JH. Type B hepatitis: virology, serology and clinical course. Semin Liver Dis 1981;1:7-14.
    • (1981) Semin Liver Dis , vol.1 , pp. 7-14
    • Hoofnagle, J.H.1
  • 3
    • 0017066968 scopus 로고
    • E antigen and anti-e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants
    • Okada K, Kamiyama I, Inomata M, Imai M, Miyakawa Y. e antigen and anti-e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants. N Engl J Med 1976;294:746-749.
    • (1976) N Engl J Med , vol.294 , pp. 746-749
    • Okada, K.1    Kamiyama, I.2    Inomata, M.3    Imai, M.4    Miyakawa, Y.5
  • 4
    • 0019731592 scopus 로고
    • Changes in hepatitis B virus DNA-polymerase activity in patients with chronic infection
    • Alberti A, Pontisso P, Realdi G. Changes in hepatitis B virus DNA-polymerase activity in patients with chronic infection. J Med Virol 1981;8:223-229.
    • (1981) J Med Virol , vol.8 , pp. 223-229
    • Alberti, A.1    Pontisso, P.2    Realdi, G.3
  • 5
    • 0019839548 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus DNA in the sera of HBsAg carriers: A marker of active hepatitis B virus replication in the liver
    • Bonino F, Hoyer B, Nelson J, Engle R, Verme G, Gerin J. Hepatitis B virus DNA in the sera of HBsAg carriers: a marker of active hepatitis B virus replication in the liver. HEPATOLOGY 1981;1:386-391.
    • (1981) Hepatology , vol.1 , pp. 386-391
    • Bonino, F.1    Hoyer, B.2    Nelson, J.3    Engle, R.4    Verme, G.5    Gerin, J.6
  • 6
    • 0019426273 scopus 로고
    • Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in liver and serum: A direct appraisal of the chronic carrier state
    • Brechot C, Hadchouel M, Scotto J, Degos F, Charnay P, Trepo C, et al. Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in liver and serum: a direct appraisal of the chronic carrier state. Lancet 1981;318:765-768.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.318 , pp. 765-768
    • Brechot, C.1    Hadchouel, M.2    Scotto, J.3    Degos, F.4    Charnay, P.5    Trepo, C.6
  • 7
    • 0019813076 scopus 로고
    • Dane particle DNA polymerase and HBeAg: Impact on clinical, laboratory, and histologic findings in hepatitis B-associated chronic liver disease
    • Andres LL, Sawhney VK, Scullard GH, Smith JL, Merigan TC, Robinson WS, et al. Dane particle DNA polymerase and HBeAg: impact on clinical, laboratory, and histologic findings in hepatitis B-associated chronic liver disease. HEPATOLOGY 1981;1:583-585.
    • (1981) Hepatology , vol.1 , pp. 583-585
    • Andres, L.L.1    Sawhney, V.K.2    Scullard, G.H.3    Smith, J.L.4    Merigan, T.C.5    Robinson, W.S.6
  • 9
    • 0018973172 scopus 로고
    • Seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen to anti-HBe in chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Realdi G, Alberti A, Rugge M, Bortolotti F, Rigoli AM, Tremolada F, et al. Seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen to anti-HBe in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology 1980;79:195-199.
    • (1980) Gastroenterology , vol.79 , pp. 195-199
    • Realdi, G.1    Alberti, A.2    Rugge, M.3    Bortolotti, F.4    Rigoli, A.M.5    Tremolada, F.6
  • 10
    • 0018344951 scopus 로고
    • The liver histology and frequency of clearance of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in chronic carriers
    • Sampliner RE, Hamilton FA, Iseri OA, Tabor E, Boitnott J. The liver histology and frequency of clearance of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in chronic carriers. Am J Med Sci 1979;277:17-22.
    • (1979) Am J Med Sci , vol.277 , pp. 17-22
    • Sampliner, R.E.1    Hamilton, F.A.2    Iseri, O.A.3    Tabor, E.4    Boitnott, J.5
  • 11
    • 0018163178 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease in Taiwan
    • Chen DS, Sung JL. Hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease in Taiwan. Acta Hepatogastroenterol 1978;25:423-430.
    • (1978) Acta Hepatogastroenterol , vol.25 , pp. 423-430
    • Chen, D.S.1    Sung, J.L.2
  • 12
    • 0018897086 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma from liver cirrhosis with persistent hepatitis B virus infection
    • Obata H, Hayashi N, Motoike Y, Hisamitsu T, Okuda H, Kobayashi S, et al. A prospective study on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma from liver cirrhosis with persistent hepatitis B virus infection. Int J Cancer 1980;25:741-747.
    • (1980) Int J Cancer , vol.25 , pp. 741-747
    • Obata, H.1    Hayashi, N.2    Motoike, Y.3    Hisamitsu, T.4    Okuda, H.5    Kobayashi, S.6
  • 13
    • 0018636518 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and significance of antibodies to delta antigen in hepatitis B virus infection
    • Rizzetto M, Shih JW, Gocke DJ, Purcell RH, Verme G, Gerin JL. Incidence and significance of antibodies to delta antigen in hepatitis B virus infection. Lancet 1979;314:986-990.
    • (1979) Lancet , vol.314 , pp. 986-990
    • Rizzetto, M.1    Shih, J.W.2    Gocke, D.J.3    Purcell, R.H.4    Verme, G.5    Gerin, J.L.6
  • 14
    • 0014943669 scopus 로고
    • Chronic liver disease and primary liver-cell cancer with hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in serum
    • Sherlock S, Fox RA, Niazi SP, Scheuer PJ. Chronic liver disease and primary liver-cell cancer with hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in serum. Lancet 1970;295:1243-1247.
    • (1970) Lancet , vol.295 , pp. 1243-1247
    • Sherlock, S.1    Fox, R.A.2    Niazi, S.P.3    Scheuer, P.J.4
  • 15
    • 0019451351 scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. A prospective study of 22 707 men in Taiwan
    • Beasley RP, Hwang LY, Lin CC, Chien CS. Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. A prospective study of 22 707 men in Taiwan. Lancet 1981;318:1129-1133.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.318 , pp. 1129-1133
    • Beasley, R.P.1    Hwang, L.Y.2    Lin, C.C.3    Chien, C.S.4
  • 17
    • 0019313239 scopus 로고
    • Presence of integrated hepatitis B virus DNA sequences in cellular DNA of human hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Brechot C, Pourcel C, Louise A, Rain B, Tiollais P. Presence of integrated hepatitis B virus DNA sequences in cellular DNA of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature 1980;286:533-535.
    • (1980) Nature , vol.286 , pp. 533-535
    • Brechot, C.1    Pourcel, C.2    Louise, A.3    Rain, B.4    Tiollais, P.5
  • 18
    • 0019791877 scopus 로고
    • Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into the genome of liver cells in chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies in percutaneous liver biopsies and post-mortem tissue specimens
    • Shafritz DA, Shouval D, Sherman HI, Hadziyannis SJ, Kew MC. Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into the genome of liver cells in chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies in percutaneous liver biopsies and post-mortem tissue specimens. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1067-1073.
    • (1981) N Engl J Med , vol.305 , pp. 1067-1073
    • Shafritz, D.A.1    Shouval, D.2    Sherman, H.I.3    Hadziyannis, S.J.4    Kew, M.C.5
  • 19
    • 0018755772 scopus 로고
    • Relation between aflatoxin, hepatitis-B virus, and hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Lutwick LI. Relation between aflatoxin, hepatitis-B virus, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 1979;313:755-757.
    • (1979) Lancet , vol.313 , pp. 755-757
    • Lutwick, L.I.1
  • 20
    • 0141526168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA assays (methods and practical use) and viral kinetics
    • Pawlotsky JM. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA assays (methods and practical use) and viral kinetics. J Hepatol 2003;39(Suppl. 1):S31-35.
    • (2003) J Hepatol , vol.39 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Pawlotsky, J.M.1
  • 21
    • 2942534508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular virology of hepatitis B virus
    • Locarnini S. Molecular virology of hepatitis B virus. Semin Liver Dis 2004;24 (Suppl. 1):3-10.
    • (2004) Semin Liver Dis , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 3-10
    • Locarnini, S.1
  • 22
    • 0037325472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune responses in hepatitis B virus infection
    • Rehermann B. Immune responses in hepatitis B virus infection. Semin Liver Dis 2003;23:21-38.
    • (2003) Semin Liver Dis , vol.23 , pp. 21-38
    • Rehermann, B.1
  • 23
    • 0019949367 scopus 로고
    • Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B-like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate
    • Summers J, Mason WS. Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B-like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Cell 1982;29:403-415.
    • (1982) Cell , vol.29 , pp. 403-415
    • Summers, J.1    Mason, W.S.2
  • 24
    • 4644305114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotypes: Do they play a role in the outcome of HBV infection?
    • Fung SK, Lok AS. Hepatitis B virus genotypes: do they play a role in the outcome of HBV infection? HEPATOLOGY 2004;40:790-792.
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.40 , pp. 790-792
    • Fung, S.K.1    Lok, A.S.2
  • 25
    • 16244385911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory T cells contribute to the impaired immune response in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Stoop JN, van der Molen RG, Baan CC, van der Laan LJ, Kuipers EJ, Kusters JG, et al. Regulatory T cells contribute to the impaired immune response in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. HEPATOLOGY 2005;41:771-778.
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.41 , pp. 771-778
    • Stoop, J.N.1    Van Der Molen, R.G.2    Baan, C.C.3    Van Der Laan, L.J.4    Kuipers, E.J.5    Kusters, J.G.6
  • 26
    • 0025719119 scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize an HLA-A2-restricted epitope within the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid antigen
    • Penna A, Chisari FV, Bertoletti A, Missale G, Fowler P, Giuberti T, et al. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize an HLA-A2-restricted epitope within the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid antigen. J Exp Med 1991;174:1565-1570.
    • (1991) J Exp Med , vol.174 , pp. 1565-1570
    • Penna, A.1    Chisari, F.V.2    Bertoletti, A.3    Missale, G.4    Fowler, P.5    Giuberti, T.6
  • 27
    • 0021815180 scopus 로고
    • Acute exacerbation in hepatitis B e antigen positive chronic type B hepatitis. A clinicopathological study
    • Liaw YF, Yang SS, Chen TJ, Chu CM. Acute exacerbation in hepatitis B e antigen positive chronic type B hepatitis. A clinicopathological study. J Hepatol 1985;1:227-233.
    • (1985) J Hepatol , vol.1 , pp. 227-233
    • Liaw, Y.F.1    Yang, S.S.2    Chen, T.J.3    Chu, C.M.4
  • 28
    • 0021832198 scopus 로고
    • Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis presenting as acute viral hepatitis
    • Davis GL, Hoofnagle JH. Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis presenting as acute viral hepatitis. Ann Intern Med 1985;102:762-765.
    • (1985) Ann Intern Med , vol.102 , pp. 762-765
    • Davis, G.L.1    Hoofnagle, J.H.2
  • 29
    • 0025128658 scopus 로고
    • Acute exacerbations in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Incidence, predisposing factors and etiology
    • Lok AS, Lai CL. Acute exacerbations in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Incidence, predisposing factors and etiology. J Hepatol 1990;10:29-34.
    • (1990) J Hepatol , vol.10 , pp. 29-34
    • Lok, A.S.1    Lai, C.L.2
  • 31
    • 0017329452 scopus 로고
    • The e antigen and vertical transmission of hepatitis B surface antigen
    • Beasley RP, Trepo C, Stevens CE, Szmuness W. The e antigen and vertical transmission of hepatitis B surface antigen. Am J Epidemiol 1977;105:94-98.
    • (1977) Am J Epidemiol , vol.105 , pp. 94-98
    • Beasley, R.P.1    Trepo, C.2    Stevens, C.E.3    Szmuness, W.4
  • 33
    • 0033659164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occult hepatitis B virus after acute self-limited infection persisting for 30 years without sequence variation
    • Blackberg J, Kidd-Ljunggren K. Occult hepatitis B virus after acute self-limited infection persisting for 30 years without sequence variation. J Hepatol 2000;33:992-997.
    • (2000) J Hepatol , vol.33 , pp. 992-997
    • Blackberg, J.1    Kidd-Ljunggren, K.2
  • 34
    • 0029838758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hepatitis B virus persists for decades after patients' recovery from acute viral hepatitis despite active maintenance of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response
    • Rehermann B, Ferrari C, Pasquinelli C, Chisari FV. The hepatitis B virus persists for decades after patients' recovery from acute viral hepatitis despite active maintenance of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response. Nat Med 1996;2:1104-1108.
    • (1996) Nat Med , vol.2 , pp. 1104-1108
    • Rehermann, B.1    Ferrari, C.2    Pasquinelli, C.3    Chisari, F.V.4
  • 36
    • 0026088152 scopus 로고
    • Reactivation of hepatitis B virus replication in patients receiving cytotoxic therapy: Report of a prospective study
    • Lok AS, Liang RH, Chiu EK, Wong KL, Chan TK, Todd D. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus replication in patients receiving cytotoxic therapy: report of a prospective study. Gastroenterology 1991;100:182-188.
    • (1991) Gastroenterology , vol.100 , pp. 182-188
    • Lok, A.S.1    Liang, R.H.2    Chiu, E.K.3    Wong, K.L.4    Chan, T.K.5    Todd, D.6
  • 37
    • 0038713121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term histologic and virologic outcomes of acute self-limited hepatitis B
    • Yuki N, Nagaoka T, Yamashiro M, Mochizuki K, Kaneko A, Yamamoto K, et al. Long-term histologic and virologic outcomes of acute self-limited hepatitis B. HEPATOLOGY 2003;37:1172-1179.
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , pp. 1172-1179
    • Yuki, N.1    Nagaoka, T.2    Yamashiro, M.3    Mochizuki, K.4    Kaneko, A.5    Yamamoto, K.6
  • 38
    • 0024383213 scopus 로고
    • Identification of HBV variants which cannot produce precore derived HBeAg and may be responsible for severe hepatitis
    • Brunetto MR, Stemler M, Schodel F, Will H, Orrobrelli A, Rizzetto M, et al. Identification of HBV variants which cannot produce precore derived HBeAg and may be responsible for severe hepatitis. Ital J Gastroenterol 1989;21:151-154.
    • (1989) Ital J Gastroenterol , vol.21 , pp. 151-154
    • Brunetto, M.R.1    Stemler, M.2    Schodel, F.3    Will, H.4    Orrobrelli, A.5    Rizzetto, M.6
  • 39
    • 0024427902 scopus 로고
    • Mutation preventing formation of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
    • Carman WF, Jacyna MR, Hadziyannis S, Karayiannis P, McGarvey MJ, Makris A, et al. Mutation preventing formation of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet 1989;334:588-591.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.334 , pp. 588-591
    • Carman, W.F.1    Jacyna, M.R.2    Hadziyannis, S.3    Karayiannis, P.4    McGarvey, M.J.5    Makris, A.6
  • 40
    • 0027992963 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus with mutations in the core promoter for an e antigen-negative phenotype in carriers with antibody to e antigen
    • Okamoto H, Tsuda F, Akahane Y, Sugai Y, Yoshiba M, Moriyama K, et al. Hepatitis B virus with mutations in the core promoter for an e antigen-negative phenotype in carriers with antibody to e antigen. J Virol 1994;68:8102-8110.
    • (1994) J Virol , vol.68 , pp. 8102-8110
    • Okamoto, H.1    Tsuda, F.2    Akahane, Y.3    Sugai, Y.4    Yoshiba, M.5    Moriyama, K.6
  • 41
    • 0021858507 scopus 로고
    • Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Taiwan: Studies of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum
    • Chu CM, Karayiannis P, Fowler MJ, Monjardino J, Liaw YF, Thomas HC. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Taiwan: studies of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum. HEPATOLOGY 1985;5:431-434.
    • (1985) Hepatology , vol.5 , pp. 431-434
    • Chu, C.M.1    Karayiannis, P.2    Fowler, M.J.3    Monjardino, J.4    Liaw, Y.F.5    Thomas, H.C.6
  • 42
    • 2642580655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of hepatitis B c antigen to antibody seroconversion in patients with normal serum aminotransferase levels
    • Chu CM, Hung SJ, Lin J, Tai DI, Liaw YF. Natural history of hepatitis B c antigen to antibody seroconversion in patients with normal serum aminotransferase levels. Am J Med 2004;116:829-834.
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.116 , pp. 829-834
    • Chu, C.M.1    Hung, S.J.2    Lin, J.3    Tai, D.I.4    Liaw, Y.F.5
  • 43
    • 0026527586 scopus 로고
    • Acute exacerbations of chronic type B hepatitis are accompanied by increased T cell responses to hepatitis B core and e antigens: Implications for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion
    • Tsai SL, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Yang PM, Sung JL, Huang JH, et al. Acute exacerbations of chronic type B hepatitis are accompanied by increased T cell responses to hepatitis B core and e antigens: implications for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. J Clin Invest 1992;89:87-96.
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.89 , pp. 87-96
    • Tsai, S.L.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Yang, P.M.4    Sung, J.L.5    Huang, J.H.6
  • 44
    • 0023203608 scopus 로고
    • Intrahepatic distribution of hepatitis B surface and core antigens in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatocyte with cytoplasmic/membranous hepatitis B core antigen as a possible target for immune hepatocytolysis
    • Chu CM, Liaw YF. Intrahepatic distribution of hepatitis B surface and core antigens in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatocyte with cytoplasmic/membranous hepatitis B core antigen as a possible target for immune hepatocytolysis. Gastroenterology 1987;92:220-225.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.92 , pp. 220-225
    • Chu, C.M.1    Liaw, Y.F.2
  • 45
    • 0020666891 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and histological events preceding hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic type B hepatitis
    • Liaw YF, Chu CM, Su IJ, Huang MJ, Lin DY, Chang-Chien CS. Clinical and histological events preceding hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic type B hepatitis. Gastroenterology 1983;84:216-219.
    • (1983) Gastroenterology , vol.84 , pp. 216-219
    • Liaw, Y.F.1    Chu, C.M.2    Su, I.J.3    Huang, M.J.4    Lin, D.Y.5    Chang-Chien, C.S.6
  • 46
    • 0021816456 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic decompensation associated with hepatitis B e antigen clearance in chronic type B hepatitis
    • Sheen IS, Liaw YF, Tai DI, Chu CM. Hepatic decompensation associated with hepatitis B e antigen clearance in chronic type B hepatitis. Gastroenterology 1985;89:732-735.
    • (1985) Gastroenterology , vol.89 , pp. 732-735
    • Sheen, I.S.1    Liaw, Y.F.2    Tai, D.I.3    Chu, C.M.4
  • 47
    • 0035818616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serologic and clinical outcomes of 1536 Alaska Natives chronically infected with hepatitis B virus
    • McMahon BJ, Holck P, Bulkow L, Snowball M. Serologic and clinical outcomes of 1536 Alaska Natives chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. Ann Intern Med 2001;135:759-768.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. 759-768
    • McMahon, B.J.1    Holck, P.2    Bulkow, L.3    Snowball, M.4
  • 48
    • 0023762809 scopus 로고
    • The developmenr of cirrhosis in patients with chronic type B hepatitis: A prospective study
    • Liaw YF, Tai DI, Chu CM, Chen TJ. The developmenr of cirrhosis in patients with chronic type B hepatitis: a prospective study. HEPATOLOGY 1988;8:493-496.
    • (1988) Hepatology , vol.8 , pp. 493-496
    • Liaw, Y.F.1    Tai, D.I.2    Chu, C.M.3    Chen, T.J.4
  • 49
    • 0037371501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A large population study of spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion and acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B infection: Implications for antiviral therapy
    • Yuen MF, Yuan HJ, Hui CK, Wong DK, Wong WM, Chan AO, et al. A large population study of spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion and acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B infection: implications for antiviral therapy. Gut 2003;52:416-419.
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , pp. 416-419
    • Yuen, M.F.1    Yuan, H.J.2    Hui, C.K.3    Wong, D.K.4    Wong, W.M.5    Chan, A.O.6
  • 50
    • 0037366499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis flares and hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion: Implication in anti-hepatitis B virus therapy
    • Liaw YF. Hepatitis flares and hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion: implication in anti-hepatitis B virus therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;18:246-252.
    • (2003) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.18 , pp. 246-252
    • Liaw, Y.F.1
  • 51
    • 84984578737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotypes and spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in Taiwanese hepatitis B carriers
    • Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in Taiwanese hepatitis B carriers. J Med Virol 2004;72:363-369.
    • (2004) J Med Virol , vol.72 , pp. 363-369
    • Kao, J.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Chen, D.S.4
  • 52
    • 0036079898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotype B is associated with earlier HBeAg seroconversion compared with hepatitis B virus genotype C
    • Chu CJ, Hussain M, Lok AS. Hepatitis B virus genotype B is associated with earlier HBeAg seroconversion compared with hepatitis B virus genotype C. Gastroenterology 2002;122:1756-1762.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.122 , pp. 1756-1762
    • Chu, C.J.1    Hussain, M.2    Lok, A.S.3
  • 53
    • 4444251430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of chronic HBV carriers in northern Italy: Morbidity and mortality after 30 years
    • Manno M, Camma C, Schepis F, Bassi F, Gelmini R, Giannini F, et al. Natural history of chronic HBV carriers in northern Italy: morbidity and mortality after 30 years. Gastroenterology 2004;127:756-763.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.127 , pp. 756-763
    • Manno, M.1    Camma, C.2    Schepis, F.3    Bassi, F.4    Gelmini, R.5    Giannini, F.6
  • 54
    • 0023243960 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen to antibody seroconversion and reversion in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Lok AS, Lai CL, Wu PC, Leung EK, Lam TS. Spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen to antibody seroconversion and reversion in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology 1987;92:1839-1843.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.92 , pp. 1839-1843
    • Lok, A.S.1    Lai, C.L.2    Wu, P.C.3    Leung, E.K.4    Lam, T.S.5
  • 55
    • 0036614299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B
    • Hsu YS, Chien RN, Yeh CT, Sheen IS, Chiou HY, Chu CM, et al. Long-term outcome after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B. HEPATOLOGY 2002;35:1522-1527.
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.35 , pp. 1522-1527
    • Hsu, Y.S.1    Chien, R.N.2    Yeh, C.T.3    Sheen, I.S.4    Chiou, H.Y.5    Chu, C.M.6
  • 56
    • 0034802538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B
    • Hadziyannis SJ, Vassilopoulos D. Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B. HEPATOLOGY 2001;34:617-624.
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.34 , pp. 617-624
    • Hadziyannis, S.J.1    Vassilopoulos, D.2
  • 57
    • 0036168816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B in alpha-interferon treated and untreated patients: A long term cohort study
    • Brunetto MR, Oliveri F, Coco B, Leandro G, Colombatto P, Gorin JM, et al. Outcome of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B in alpha-interferon treated and untreated patients: a long term cohort study. J Hepatol 2002;36:263-270.
    • (2002) J Hepatol , vol.36 , pp. 263-270
    • Brunetto, M.R.1    Oliveri, F.2    Coco, B.3    Leandro, G.4    Colombatto, P.5    Gorin, J.M.6
  • 58
    • 0036896285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative serum HBV DNA levels during different stages of chronic hepatitis B infection
    • Chu CJ, Hussain M, Lok AS. Quantitative serum HBV DNA levels during different stages of chronic hepatitis B infection. HEPATOLOGY 2002;36:1408-1415.
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.36 , pp. 1408-1415
    • Chu, C.J.1    Hussain, M.2    Lok, A.S.3
  • 59
    • 0036902495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World-wide epidemiology of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B and associated precore and core promoter variants
    • Funk ML, Rosenberg DM, Lok AS. World-wide epidemiology of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B and associated precore and core promoter variants. J Viral Hepatol 2002;9:52-61.
    • (2002) J Viral Hepatol , vol.9 , pp. 52-61
    • Funk, M.L.1    Rosenberg, D.M.2    Lok, A.S.3
  • 60
    • 0041859593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of HBV precore/core promoter variants in the United States
    • U.S. HBV Epidemiology Study Group
    • Chu CJ, Keeffe EB, Han SH, Perrillo RP, Min AD, Soldevila-Pico C, et al. U.S. HBV Epidemiology Study Group. Prevalence of HBV precore/core promoter variants in the United States. HEPATOLOGY 2003;38:619-628.
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.38 , pp. 619-628
    • Chu, C.J.1    Keeffe, E.B.2    Han, S.H.3    Perrillo, R.P.4    Min, A.D.5    Soldevila-Pico, C.6
  • 61
    • 0036789020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognosis following spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B patients with or without concurrent infection
    • Chen YC, Sheen IS, Chu CM, Liaw YF. Prognosis following spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B patients with or without concurrent infection. Gastroenterology 2002;123:1084-1089.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , pp. 1084-1089
    • Chen, Y.C.1    Sheen, I.S.2    Chu, C.M.3    Liaw, Y.F.4
  • 62
    • 0031837430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seroclearance of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic carriers does not necessarily imply a good prognosis
    • Huo TI, Wu JC, Lee PC, Chau GY, Lui WY, Tsay SH, et al. Seroclearance of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic carriers does not necessarily imply a good prognosis. HEPATOLOGY 1998;28:231-236.
    • (1998) Hepatology , vol.28 , pp. 231-236
    • Huo, T.I.1    Wu, J.C.2    Lee, P.C.3    Chau, G.Y.4    Lui, W.Y.5    Tsay, S.H.6
  • 64
    • 0024370468 scopus 로고
    • Natural course and response to interferon of chronic hepatitis B accompanied by antibody to hepatitis B e antigen
    • Brunetto MR, Oliveri F, Rocca G, Criscuolo D, Chiaberge E, Capalbo M, et al. Natural course and response to interferon of chronic hepatitis B accompanied by antibody to hepatitis B e antigen. HEPATOLOGY 1989;10:198-202.
    • (1989) Hepatology , vol.10 , pp. 198-202
    • Brunetto, M.R.1    Oliveri, F.2    Rocca, G.3    Criscuolo, D.4    Chiaberge, E.5    Capalbo, M.6
  • 65
    • 0037325438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history and prognosis of hepatitis B
    • Fattovich G. Natural history and prognosis of hepatitis B. Semin Liver Dis 2003;23:47-58.
    • (2003) Semin Liver Dis , vol.23 , pp. 47-58
    • Fattovich, G.1
  • 66
    • 0020057679 scopus 로고
    • The effect of chronic habitual alcohol intake on the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: Relation to hepatitis B surface antigen carriage
    • Ohnishi K, Iida S, Iwama S, Goto N, Nomura F, Takashi M, et al. The effect of chronic habitual alcohol intake on the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: relation to hepatitis B surface antigen carriage. Cancer 1982;49:672-677.
    • (1982) Cancer , vol.49 , pp. 672-677
    • Ohnishi, K.1    Iida, S.2    Iwama, S.3    Goto, N.4    Nomura, F.5    Takashi, M.6
  • 67
    • 1842531215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of acute hepatitis C virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Liaw YF, Chen YC, Sheen IS, Chien RN, Yeh CT, Chu CM. Impact of acute hepatitis C virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology 2004;126:1024-1029.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.126 , pp. 1024-1029
    • Liaw, Y.F.1    Chen, Y.C.2    Sheen, I.S.3    Chien, R.N.4    Yeh, C.T.5    Chu, C.M.6
  • 68
    • 0037079352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, and risk of liver-related mortality in the Multicenter Cohort Study (MACS)
    • Thio CL, Seaberg EC, Skolasky R Jr, Phair J, Visscher B, Munoz A, et al. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, and risk of liver-related mortality in the Multicenter Cohort Study (MACS). Lancet 2002;360:1921-1926.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 1921-1926
    • Thio, C.L.1    Seaberg, E.C.2    Skolasky Jr., R.3    Phair, J.4    Visscher, B.5    Munoz, A.6
  • 69
    • 24344434303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral load not serum ALT is the primary predictor of progression to cirrhosis in persons chronically infected with HBV: Results from a long-term prospective study
    • Iloeje UH, Yang HI, Su J, Jen CL, Kuo E, You SL, et al. Viral load not serum ALT is the primary predictor of progression to cirrhosis in persons chronically infected with HBV: results from a long-term prospective study. J Hepatol 2005;42 Suppl:S180.
    • (2005) J Hepatol , vol.42 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Iloeje, U.H.1    Yang, H.I.2    Su, J.3    Jen, C.L.4    Kuo, E.5    You, S.L.6
  • 70
    • 84984535720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B
    • Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 2000;118:554-559.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.118 , pp. 554-559
    • Kao, J.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Chen, D.S.4
  • 71
    • 0037219388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease
    • Sumi H, Yokosuka O, Seki N, Arai M, Imazeki F, Kurihara T, et al. Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease. HEPATOLOGY 2003;37:19-26.
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , pp. 19-26
    • Sumi, H.1    Yokosuka, O.2    Seki, N.3    Arai, M.4    Imazeki, F.5    Kurihara, T.6
  • 72
    • 0035196637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case-control study for clinical and molecular biological differences between hepatitis B viruses of genotypes B and C
    • Japan HBV Genotype Research Group
    • Orito E, Mizokami M, Sakugawa H, Michitaka K, Ishikawa K, Ichida T, et al. A case-control study for clinical and molecular biological differences between hepatitis B viruses of genotypes B and C. Japan HBV Genotype Research Group. HEPATOLOGY 2001;33:218-223.
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.33 , pp. 218-223
    • Orito, E.1    Mizokami, M.2    Sakugawa, H.3    Michitaka, K.4    Ishikawa, K.5    Ichida, T.6
  • 74
    • 0036840812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hepatitis B and C virus infections on the natural history of compensated cirrhosis: A cohort study of 297 patients
    • European Concerted Action on Viral Hepatitis (EUROHEP)
    • Fattovich G, Pantalena M, Zagni I, Realdi G, Schalm SW, Christensen E. European Concerted Action on Viral Hepatitis (EUROHEP). Effect of hepatitis B and C virus infections on the natural history of compensated cirrhosis: a cohort study of 297 patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:2886-2895.
    • (2002) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.97 , pp. 2886-2895
    • Fattovich, G.1    Pantalena, M.2    Zagni, I.3    Realdi, G.4    Schalm, S.W.5    Christensen, E.6
  • 75
    • 0034878008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype may correlate with liver carcinogenesis and tumor characteristics in cirrhotic patients infected with hepatitis B virus subtype adw
    • Tsubota A, Arase Y, Ren F, Tanaka H, Ikeda K, Kumada H. Genotype may correlate with liver carcinogenesis and tumor characteristics in cirrhotic patients infected with hepatitis B virus subtype adw. J Med Virol 2001;65:257-265.
    • (2001) J Med Virol , vol.65 , pp. 257-265
    • Tsubota, A.1    Arase, Y.2    Ren, F.3    Tanaka, H.4    Ikeda, K.5    Kumada, H.6
  • 76
    • 0028131871 scopus 로고
    • Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis in Japan: Analysis of infectious hepatitis viruses
    • Kato Y, Nakata K, Omagari K, Furukawa R, Kusumoto Y, Mori I, et al. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis in Japan: analysis of infectious hepatitis viruses. Cancer 1994;74:2234-2238.
    • (1994) Cancer , vol.74 , pp. 2234-2238
    • Kato, Y.1    Nakata, K.2    Omagari, K.3    Furukawa, R.4    Kusumoto, Y.5    Mori, I.6
  • 77
    • 2342444542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis: A prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications
    • Benvegnu L, Gios M, Boccato S, Alberti A. Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis: a prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut 2004;53:744-749.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 744-749
    • Benvegnu, L.1    Gios, M.2    Boccato, S.3    Alberti, A.4
  • 78
    • 7044272630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Incidence and risk factors
    • Fattovich G, Stroffolini T, Zagni I, Donato F. Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors. Gastroenterology 2004;127 (Suppl 1):S35-S50.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.127 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Fattovich, G.1    Stroffolini, T.2    Zagni, I.3    Donato, F.4
  • 79
    • 84983725315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B carriers and their relatives
    • Yu MW, Chang HC, Liaw YF, Lin SM, Lee SD, Liu CJ, et al. Familial risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B carriers and their relatives. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:1159-1164.
    • (2000) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.92 , pp. 1159-1164
    • Yu, M.W.1    Chang, H.C.2    Liaw, Y.F.3    Lin, S.M.4    Lee, S.D.5    Liu, C.J.6
  • 80
    • 0037083159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma: The effect of lifetime intake and hepatitis virus infections in men and women
    • Donato F, Tagger A, Gelatti U, Parrinello G, Boffetta P, Albertini A, et al. Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma: the effect of lifetime intake and hepatitis virus infections in men and women. Am J Epidemiol 2002;155:323-331.
    • (2002) Am J Epidemiol , vol.155 , pp. 323-331
    • Donato, F.1    Tagger, A.2    Gelatti, U.3    Parrinello, G.4    Boffetta, P.5    Albertini, A.6
  • 81
    • 84984555343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Taiwan Community-Based Cancer Screening Project Group
    • Yang HI, Lu SN, Liaw YF, You SL, Sun CA, Wang LY, et al. Taiwan Community-Based Cancer Screening Project Group. Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2002;347:168-174.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 168-174
    • Yang, H.I.1    Lu, S.N.2    Liaw, Y.F.3    You, S.L.4    Sun, C.A.5    Wang, L.Y.6
  • 82
    • 13844322073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus genotype and DNA level and hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study in men
    • Yu MW, Yeh SH, Chen PJ, Liaw YF, Lin CL, Liu CJ, et al. Hepatitis B virus genotype and DNA level and hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study in men. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:265-272.
    • (2005) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.97 , pp. 265-272
    • Yu, M.W.1    Yeh, S.H.2    Chen, P.J.3    Liaw, Y.F.4    Lin, C.L.5    Liu, C.J.6
  • 83
    • 0345306662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B viremia is associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic carriers
    • Tang B, Kruger WD, Chen G, Shen F, Lin WY, Mboup S, et al. Hepatitis B viremia is associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic carriers. J Med Virol 2004;72:35-40.
    • (2004) J Med Virol , vol.72 , pp. 35-40
    • Tang, B.1    Kruger, W.D.2    Chen, G.3    Shen, F.4    Lin, W.Y.5    Mboup, S.6
  • 84
    • 0033020624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of 1762(T) 1764(A) mutations in the basic core promoter of hepatitis B virus isolated from black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with asymptomatic carriers
    • Baptista M, Kramvis A, Kew MC. High prevalence of 1762(T) 1764(A) mutations in the basic core promoter of hepatitis B virus isolated from black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with asymptomatic carriers. HEPATOLOGY 1999;29:946-953.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 946-953
    • Baptista, M.1    Kramvis, A.2    Kew, M.C.3
  • 85
    • 84984549253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers
    • Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology 2003;124:327-334.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 327-334
    • Kao, J.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Chen, D.S.4
  • 86
    • 4143065907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergism of alcohol, diabetes, and viral hepatitis on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in blacks and whites in the U.S
    • Yuan JM, Govindarajan S, Arakawa K, Yu MC. Synergism of alcohol, diabetes, and viral hepatitis on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in blacks and whites in the U.S. Cancer 2004;101:1009-1017.
    • (2004) Cancer , vol.101 , pp. 1009-1017
    • Yuan, J.M.1    Govindarajan, S.2    Arakawa, K.3    Yu, M.C.4
  • 87
    • 2942689233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of hepatitis B virus core promoter by transcription factors HNF1 and HNF4 and the viral X protein
    • Zheng Y, Li J, Ou JH. Regulation of hepatitis B virus core promoter by transcription factors HNF1 and HNF4 and the viral X protein. J Virol 2004;78:6908-6914.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 6908-6914
    • Zheng, Y.1    Li, J.2    Ou, J.H.3
  • 88
    • 0028949528 scopus 로고
    • Transactivation of cellular gene expression by hepatitis B viral proteins: A possible molecular mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis
    • Caselmann WH. Transactivation of cellular gene expression by hepatitis B viral proteins: a possible molecular mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis. J Hepatol 1995;22(Suppl 1):S34-S37.
    • (1995) J Hepatol , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Caselmann, W.H.1
  • 89
    • 0034962643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of interferon alfa treatment in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: The effect on hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion and the development of cirrhosis-related complications
    • Yuen MF, Hui CK, Cheng CC, Wu CH, Lai YP, Lai CL. Long-term follow-up of interferon alfa treatment in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: the effect on hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion and the development of cirrhosis-related complications. HEPATOLOGY 2001;34:139-145.
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.34 , pp. 139-145
    • Yuen, M.F.1    Hui, C.K.2    Cheng, C.C.3    Wu, C.H.4    Lai, Y.P.5    Lai, C.L.6
  • 90
    • 0141637207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-alpha for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B
    • Craxi A, Di Bona D, Camma C. Interferon-alpha for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2003;39(Suppl 1):S99-S105.
    • (2003) J Hepatol , vol.39 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Craxi, A.1    Di Bona, D.2    Camma, C.3
  • 91
    • 0033027690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term beneficial effect of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Lin SM, Sheen IS, Chien RN, Chu CM, Liaw YF. Long-term beneficial effect of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. HEPATOLOGY 1999;29:971-975.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 971-975
    • Lin, S.M.1    Sheen, I.S.2    Chien, R.N.3    Chu, C.M.4    Liaw, Y.F.5
  • 93
    • 21344460718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B on long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy starting with lamivudine
    • Papatheodoridis GV, Dimou E, Dimakopoulos K, Manolakopoulos S, Rapti I, Kitis G, et al. Outcome of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B on long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy starting with lamivudine. HEPATOLOGY 2005;42:121-129.
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.42 , pp. 121-129
    • Papatheodoridis, G.V.1    Dimou, E.2    Dimakopoulos, K.3    Manolakopoulos, S.4    Rapti, I.5    Kitis, G.6
  • 95
    • 19544391413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease
    • Cirrhosis Asian Lamivudine Multicentre Study Group
    • Liaw YF, Sung JJ, Chow WC, Farrell G, Lee CZ, Yuen H, et al. Cirrhosis Asian Lamivudine Multicentre Study Group. Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1521-1531.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1521-1531
    • Liaw, Y.F.1    Sung, J.J.2    Chow, W.C.3    Farrell, G.4    Lee, C.Z.5    Yuen, H.6
  • 96
    • 0037468421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B
    • Adefovir Dipivoxil 437 Study Group
    • Marcellin P, Chang TT, Lim SG, Tong MJ, Sievert W, Shiffman ML, et al. Adefovir Dipivoxil 437 Study Group. Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 2003;348:808-816.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 808-816
    • Marcellin, P.1    Chang, T.T.2    Lim, S.G.3    Tong, M.J.4    Sievert, W.5    Shiffman, M.L.6
  • 97
    • 0036892435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entecavir is superior to lamivudine in reducing hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
    • Lai CL, Rosmawati M, Lao J, Van Vlierberghe H, Anderson FH, Thomas N, et al. Entecavir is superior to lamivudine in reducing hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Gastroenterology 2002;123:1831-1838.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , pp. 1831-1838
    • Lai, C.L.1    Rosmawati, M.2    Lao, J.3    Van Vlierberghe, H.4    Anderson, F.H.5    Thomas, N.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.