메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1856, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 244-251

The Wnts of change: How Wnts regulate phenotype switching in melanoma

Author keywords

Immune microenvironment; Melanoma; Phenotype switching; Therapy resistance; Wnt signaling

Indexed keywords

BETA CATENIN; CALCIUM ION; FRIZZLED PROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR RELATED PROTEIN; PROTEIN KINASE C; RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE LIKE ORPHAN RECEPTOR; WNT PROTEIN; TUMOR PROTEIN;

EID: 84946706255     PISSN: 0304419X     EISSN: 18792561     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.10.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (58)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 84890063283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia induces phenotypic plasticity and therapy resistance in melanoma via the tyrosine kinase receptors ROR1 and ROR2
    • O'Connell M.P., et al. Hypoxia induces phenotypic plasticity and therapy resistance in melanoma via the tyrosine kinase receptors ROR1 and ROR2. Cancer Discov. 2013, 3(12):1378-1393.
    • (2013) Cancer Discov. , vol.3 , Issue.12 , pp. 1378-1393
    • O'Connell, M.P.1
  • 2
    • 79960936439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer stem cells in squamous cell carcinoma switch between two distinct phenotypes that are preferentially migratory or proliferative
    • Biddle A., et al. Cancer stem cells in squamous cell carcinoma switch between two distinct phenotypes that are preferentially migratory or proliferative. Cancer Res. 2011, 71(15):5317-5326.
    • (2011) Cancer Res. , vol.71 , Issue.15 , pp. 5317-5326
    • Biddle, A.1
  • 3
    • 80052828827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snail1 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor initiating stem cell characteristics
    • Dang H., Ding W., Emerson D., Rountree C.B. Snail1 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor initiating stem cell characteristics. BMC Cancer 2011, 11(1):396.
    • (2011) BMC Cancer , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 396
    • Dang, H.1    Ding, W.2    Emerson, D.3    Rountree, C.B.4
  • 4
    • 57749098673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5A regulates expression of tumor-associated antigens in melanoma via changes in signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 phosphorylation
    • Dissanayake S.K., et al. Wnt5A regulates expression of tumor-associated antigens in melanoma via changes in signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 phosphorylation. Cancer Res. 2008, 68(24):10205-10214.
    • (2008) Cancer Res. , vol.68 , Issue.24 , pp. 10205-10214
    • Dissanayake, S.K.1
  • 5
    • 42349093195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5a control of cell polarity and directional movement by polarized redistribution of adhesion receptors
    • Witze E.S., Litman E.S., Argast G.M., Moon R.T., Ahn N.G. Wnt5a control of cell polarity and directional movement by polarized redistribution of adhesion receptors. Science 2008, 320(5874):365-369.
    • (2008) Science , vol.320 , Issue.5874 , pp. 365-369
    • Witze, E.S.1    Litman, E.S.2    Argast, G.M.3    Moon, R.T.4    Ahn, N.G.5
  • 6
    • 43049165453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells
    • Mani S., et al. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells. Cell 2008, 133:704-715.
    • (2008) Cell , vol.133 , pp. 704-715
    • Mani, S.1
  • 7
    • 51449085561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of breast cancer stem cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition
    • Morel A., et al. Generation of breast cancer stem cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2008, 3.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3
    • Morel, A.1
  • 8
    • 38849203228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo switching of human melanoma cells between proliferative and invasive states
    • Hoek K.S., et al. In vivo switching of human melanoma cells between proliferative and invasive states. Cancer Res. 2008, 68(3):650-656.
    • (2008) Cancer Res. , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 650-656
    • Hoek, K.S.1
  • 9
    • 57749098673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5A regulates expression of tumor-associated antigens in melanoma via changes in signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 phosphorylation
    • Dissanayake S.K., et al. Wnt5A regulates expression of tumor-associated antigens in melanoma via changes in signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 phosphorylation. Cancer Res. 2008, 68(24):10205-10214.
    • (2008) Cancer Res. , vol.68 , Issue.24 , pp. 10205-10214
    • Dissanayake, S.K.1
  • 10
    • 34447131518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Wnt5A/protein kinase C pathway mediates motility in melanoma cells via the inhibition of metastasis suppressors and initiation of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition
    • Dissanayake S.K., et al. The Wnt5A/protein kinase C pathway mediates motility in melanoma cells via the inhibition of metastasis suppressors and initiation of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition. J. Biol. Chem. 2007, 282(23):17259-17271.
    • (2007) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.282 , Issue.23 , pp. 17259-17271
    • Dissanayake, S.K.1
  • 11
    • 41049095461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new mechanism of release from senescence: suppression of p16INK4a by beta-catenin
    • Curley D.P., Bosenberg M.W. A new mechanism of release from senescence: suppression of p16INK4a by beta-catenin. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2008, 21(1):5-6.
    • (2008) Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-6
    • Curley, D.P.1    Bosenberg, M.W.2
  • 12
    • 36249026528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-catenin induces immortalization of melanocytes by suppressing p16INK4a expression and cooperates with N-Ras in melanoma development
    • Delmas V., et al. Beta-catenin induces immortalization of melanocytes by suppressing p16INK4a expression and cooperates with N-Ras in melanoma development. Genes Dev. 2007, 21(22):2923-2935.
    • (2007) Genes Dev. , vol.21 , Issue.22 , pp. 2923-2935
    • Delmas, V.1
  • 13
    • 29344459785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of P-cadherin, beta-catenin, and Wnt5a/frizzled for progression of melanocytic tumors and prognosis in cutaneous melanoma
    • Bachmann I.M., Straume O., Puntervoll H.E., Kalvenes M.B., Akslen L.A. Importance of P-cadherin, beta-catenin, and Wnt5a/frizzled for progression of melanocytic tumors and prognosis in cutaneous melanoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 2005, 11(24 Pt 1):8606-8614.
    • (2005) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.11 , Issue.24 , pp. 8606-8614
    • Bachmann, I.M.1    Straume, O.2    Puntervoll, H.E.3    Kalvenes, M.B.4    Akslen, L.A.5
  • 14
    • 78649381826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical-genetic screen identifies riluzole as an enhancer of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in melanoma
    • Biechele T.L., et al. Chemical-genetic screen identifies riluzole as an enhancer of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in melanoma. Chem. Biol. 2010, 17(11):1177-1182.
    • (2010) Chem. Biol. , vol.17 , Issue.11 , pp. 1177-1182
    • Biechele, T.L.1
  • 15
    • 79952118986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re: specific targeting of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in human melanoma cells by a dietary triterpene lupeol
    • author reply 121
    • Biechele T.L., Chien A.J. Re: specific targeting of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in human melanoma cells by a dietary triterpene lupeol. Carcinogenesis 2011, 32(1):120. author reply 121.
    • (2011) Carcinogenesis , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 120
    • Biechele, T.L.1    Chien, A.J.2
  • 16
    • 59049101982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in melanoma is associated with decreased proliferation in patient tumors and a murine melanoma model
    • Chien A.J., et al. Activated Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in melanoma is associated with decreased proliferation in patient tumors and a murine melanoma model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106(4):1193-1198.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.106 , Issue.4 , pp. 1193-1198
    • Chien, A.J.1
  • 17
    • 0036229264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of membranous expression of beta-catenin is associated with tumor progression in cutaneous melanoma and rarely caused by exon 3 mutations
    • Demunter A., Libbrecht L., Degreef H., De Wolf-Peeters C., van den Oord J.J. Loss of membranous expression of beta-catenin is associated with tumor progression in cutaneous melanoma and rarely caused by exon 3 mutations. Mod. Pathol. 2002, 15(4):454-461.
    • (2002) Mod. Pathol. , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 454-461
    • Demunter, A.1    Libbrecht, L.2    Degreef, H.3    De Wolf-Peeters, C.4    van den Oord, J.J.5
  • 18
    • 34848922753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5a inhibits canonical Wnt signaling in hematopoietic stem cells and enhances repopulation
    • Nemeth M.J., Topol L., Anderson S.M., Yang Y., Bodine D.M. Wnt5a inhibits canonical Wnt signaling in hematopoietic stem cells and enhances repopulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104(39):15436-15441.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.104 , Issue.39 , pp. 15436-15441
    • Nemeth, M.J.1    Topol, L.2    Anderson, S.M.3    Yang, Y.4    Bodine, D.M.5
  • 19
    • 0043234811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt-5a inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting GSK-3-independent beta-catenin degradation
    • Topol L., et al. Wnt-5a inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting GSK-3-independent beta-catenin degradation. J. Cell Biol. 2003, 162(5):899-908.
    • (2003) J. Cell Biol. , vol.162 , Issue.5 , pp. 899-908
    • Topol, L.1
  • 21
    • 0033559264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 CDK 'inhibitors' are essential activators of cyclin D-dependent kinases in murine fibroblasts
    • Cheng M., et al. The p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 CDK 'inhibitors' are essential activators of cyclin D-dependent kinases in murine fibroblasts. EMBO J. 1999, 18(6):1571-1583.
    • (1999) EMBO J. , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1571-1583
    • Cheng, M.1
  • 22
    • 1642355127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brn-2 expression controls melanoma proliferation and is directly regulated by β-catenin
    • Goodall J., et al. Brn-2 expression controls melanoma proliferation and is directly regulated by β-catenin. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2004, 24(7):2915-2922.
    • (2004) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.24 , Issue.7 , pp. 2915-2922
    • Goodall, J.1
  • 23
    • 70349310357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of Wnt5A signaling is required for CXC chemokine ligand 12-mediated T-cell migration
    • Ghosh M.C., et al. Activation of Wnt5A signaling is required for CXC chemokine ligand 12-mediated T-cell migration. Blood 2009, 114(7):1366-1373.
    • (2009) Blood , vol.114 , Issue.7 , pp. 1366-1373
    • Ghosh, M.C.1
  • 24
    • 84862066130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5a induces a tolerogenic phenotype of macrophages in sepsis and breast cancer patients
    • Bergenfelz C., et al. Wnt5a induces a tolerogenic phenotype of macrophages in sepsis and breast cancer patients. J. Immunol. 2012, 188(11):5448-5458.
    • (2012) J. Immunol. , vol.188 , Issue.11 , pp. 5448-5458
    • Bergenfelz, C.1
  • 25
    • 40749112792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5A/CaMKII signaling contributes to the inflammatory response of macrophages and is a target for the antiinflammatory action of activated protein C and interleukin-10
    • Pereira C., Schaer D.J., Bachli E.B., Kurrer M.O., Schoedon G. Wnt5A/CaMKII signaling contributes to the inflammatory response of macrophages and is a target for the antiinflammatory action of activated protein C and interleukin-10. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2008, 28(3):504-510.
    • (2008) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 504-510
    • Pereira, C.1    Schaer, D.J.2    Bachli, E.B.3    Kurrer, M.O.4    Schoedon, G.5
  • 26
    • 84947046257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the effects of age and gender on immune response and outcomes to melanoma vaccination: a retrospective analysis of a single-institution clinical trials' experience
    • Ramirez A.G., Wages N.A., Hu Y., Smolkin M.E., Slingluff C.L. Defining the effects of age and gender on immune response and outcomes to melanoma vaccination: a retrospective analysis of a single-institution clinical trials' experience. Cancer Immunol. Immunother.:CII 2015.
    • (2015) Cancer Immunol. Immunother.:CII
    • Ramirez, A.G.1    Wages, N.A.2    Hu, Y.3    Smolkin, M.E.4    Slingluff, C.L.5
  • 27
    • 0026772731 scopus 로고
    • Wnt genes
    • Nusse R., Varmus H.E. Wnt genes. Cell 1992, 69(7):1073-1087.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , Issue.7 , pp. 1073-1087
    • Nusse, R.1    Varmus, H.E.2
  • 28
    • 84861405462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Wnts
    • reviews3001.3001 - reviews3001.3015.
    • Miller J. The Wnts. Genome Biol. 2001, 3(1). reviews3001.3001 - reviews3001.3015.
    • (2001) Genome Biol. , vol.3 , Issue.1
    • Miller, J.1
  • 29
    • 0031456672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of Wnt and a frizzled homologue triggers G-protein-linked phosphatidylinositol signalling
    • Slusarski D.C., Corces V.G., Moon R.T. Interaction of Wnt and a frizzled homologue triggers G-protein-linked phosphatidylinositol signalling. Nature 1997, 390(6658):410-413.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.390 , Issue.6658 , pp. 410-413
    • Slusarski, D.C.1    Corces, V.G.2    Moon, R.T.3
  • 30
    • 0033405618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of a frizzled-2/beta-adrenergic receptor chimera promotes Wnt signaling and differentiation of mouse F9 teratocarcinoma cells via Galphao and Galphat2
    • Liu X., et al. Activation of a frizzled-2/beta-adrenergic receptor chimera promotes Wnt signaling and differentiation of mouse F9 teratocarcinoma cells via Galphao and Galphat2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1999, 96:14383-14388.
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.96 , pp. 14383-14388
    • Liu, X.1
  • 31
    • 0035964862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt signaling and heterotrimeric G-proteins: strange bedfellows or a classic romance?
    • Malbon C.C., Wang H.-y., Moon R.T. Wnt signaling and heterotrimeric G-proteins: strange bedfellows or a classic romance?. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2001, 287(3):589-593.
    • (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.287 , Issue.3 , pp. 589-593
    • Malbon, C.C.1    Wang, H.-Y.2    Moon, R.T.3
  • 32
    • 33748792234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LRP5/6 in Wnt signaling and tumorigenesis
    • Li Y., Bu G. LRP5/6 in Wnt signaling and tumorigenesis. Future Oncol. 2005, 1(5):673-681.
    • (2005) Future Oncol. , vol.1 , Issue.5 , pp. 673-681
    • Li, Y.1    Bu, G.2
  • 33
    • 0032482322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Wnt receptor CRD domain is also found in MuSK and related orphan receptor tyrosine kinases
    • Masiakowski P., Yancopoulos G.D. The Wnt receptor CRD domain is also found in MuSK and related orphan receptor tyrosine kinases. Curr. Biol. 1998, 8(12).
    • (1998) Curr. Biol. , vol.8 , Issue.12
    • Masiakowski, P.1    Yancopoulos, G.D.2
  • 34
    • 0031739964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frizzled motif: in how many different protein families does it occur?
    • Rehn M., Pihlajaniemi T., Hofmann K., Bucher P. The frizzled motif: in how many different protein families does it occur?. Trends Biochem. Sci. 1998, 23(11):415-417.
    • (1998) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.23 , Issue.11 , pp. 415-417
    • Rehn, M.1    Pihlajaniemi, T.2    Hofmann, K.3    Bucher, P.4
  • 35
    • 27744528481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative genomics on ROR1 and ROR2 orthologs
    • Katoh M.K.M. Comparative genomics on ROR1 and ROR2 orthologs. Oncol. Rep. 2005, 14(5):1381-1384.
    • (2005) Oncol. Rep. , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 1381-1384
    • Katoh, M.K.M.1
  • 36
    • 0027074850 scopus 로고
    • A novel family of cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase-like domain
    • Masiakowski P., Carroll R.D. A novel family of cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase-like domain. J. Biol. Chem. 1992, 267(36):26181-26190.
    • (1992) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.267 , Issue.36 , pp. 26181-26190
    • Masiakowski, P.1    Carroll, R.D.2
  • 37
    • 36249026528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-catenin induces immortalization of melanocytes by suppressing p16INK4a expression and cooperates with N-Ras in melanoma development
    • Delmas V., et al. β-catenin induces immortalization of melanocytes by suppressing p16INK4a expression and cooperates with N-Ras in melanoma development. Genes Dev. 2007, 21(22):2923-2935.
    • (2007) Genes Dev. , vol.21 , Issue.22 , pp. 2923-2935
    • Delmas, V.1
  • 38
    • 83455171909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-catenin signaling controls metastasis in Braf-activated Pten-deficient melanomas
    • Damsky W.E., et al. Beta-catenin signaling controls metastasis in Braf-activated Pten-deficient melanomas. Cancer Cell 2011, 20(6):741-754.
    • (2011) Cancer Cell , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 741-754
    • Damsky, W.E.1
  • 39
    • 33646241997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purified Wnt5a protein activates or inhibits beta-catenin-TCF signaling depending on receptor context
    • Mikels A.J., Nusse R. Purified Wnt5a protein activates or inhibits beta-catenin-TCF signaling depending on receptor context. PLoS Biol. 2006, 4(4).
    • (2006) PLoS Biol. , vol.4 , Issue.4
    • Mikels, A.J.1    Nusse, R.2
  • 40
    • 84930925982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in melanoma development and MAP-kinase pathway targeted therapy
    • Wellbrock C., Arozarena I. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in melanoma development and MAP-kinase pathway targeted therapy. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2015, 28(4):390-406.
    • (2015) Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 390-406
    • Wellbrock, C.1    Arozarena, I.2
  • 41
    • 0037119948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
    • Widlund H.R., et al. β-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. J. Cell Biol. 2002, 158(6):1079-1087.
    • (2002) J. Cell Biol. , vol.158 , Issue.6 , pp. 1079-1087
    • Widlund, H.R.1
  • 42
    • 0032729458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling through beta-catenin and lef/Tcf
    • Novak A.D.S. Signaling through beta-catenin and lef/Tcf. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 1999, 56:523-537.
    • (1999) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 523-537
    • Novak, A.D.S.1
  • 43
    • 13944273767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitf cooperates with Rb1 and activates p21Cip1 expression to regulate cell cycle progression
    • Carreira S., et al. Mitf cooperates with Rb1 and activates p21Cip1 expression to regulate cell cycle progression. Nature 2005, 433(7027):764-769.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.433 , Issue.7027 , pp. 764-769
    • Carreira, S.1
  • 44
    • 12144254034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MITF links differentiation with cell cycle arrest in melanocytes by transcriptional activation of INK4A
    • Loercher A.E., Tank E.M.H., Delston R.B., Harbour J.W. MITF links differentiation with cell cycle arrest in melanocytes by transcriptional activation of INK4A. J. Cell Biol. 2005, 168(1):35-40.
    • (2005) J. Cell Biol. , vol.168 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-40
    • Loercher, A.E.1    Tank, E.M.H.2    Delston, R.B.3    Harbour, J.W.4
  • 45
    • 83455171909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-catenin signaling controls metastasis in braf-activated pten-deficient melanomas
    • Damsky William E., et al. β-catenin signaling controls metastasis in braf-activated pten-deficient melanomas. Cancer Cell 2011, 20(6):741-754.
    • (2011) Cancer Cell , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 741-754
    • Damsky William, E.1
  • 46
    • 84900444617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanoma metastasis: new concepts and evolving paradigms
    • Damsky W.E., Theodosakis N., Bosenberg M. Melanoma metastasis: new concepts and evolving paradigms. Oncogene 2014, 33(19):2413-2422.
    • (2014) Oncogene , vol.33 , Issue.19 , pp. 2413-2422
    • Damsky, W.E.1    Theodosakis, N.2    Bosenberg, M.3
  • 47
    • 0034815687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P53-independent elevation of p21 expression by PMA results from PKC-mediated mRNA stabilization
    • Park J.-W., Jang M.-A., Lee Y.H., Passaniti A., Kwon T.K. p53-independent elevation of p21 expression by PMA results from PKC-mediated mRNA stabilization. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2001, 280(1):244-248.
    • (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.280 , Issue.1 , pp. 244-248
    • Park, J.-W.1    Jang, M.-A.2    Lee, Y.H.3    Passaniti, A.4    Kwon, T.K.5
  • 48
    • 84865428430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune suppression and resistance mediated by constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human melanoma cells
    • Yaguchi T., et al. Immune suppression and resistance mediated by constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human melanoma cells. J. Immunol. 2012, 189(5):2110-2117.
    • (2012) J. Immunol. , vol.189 , Issue.5 , pp. 2110-2117
    • Yaguchi, T.1
  • 49
    • 0043234811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt-5a inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting GSK-3-independent β-catenin degradation
    • Topol L., et al. Wnt-5a inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting GSK-3-independent β-catenin degradation. J. Cell Biol. 2003, 162(5):899-908.
    • (2003) J. Cell Biol. , vol.162 , Issue.5 , pp. 899-908
    • Topol, L.1
  • 50
    • 75649084593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt5a regulates distinct signalling pathways by binding to Frizzled2
    • Sato A., Yamamoto H., Sakane H., Koyama H., Kikuchi A. Wnt5a regulates distinct signalling pathways by binding to Frizzled2. EMBO J. 2010, 29(1):41-54.
    • (2010) EMBO J. , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-54
    • Sato, A.1    Yamamoto, H.2    Sakane, H.3    Koyama, H.4    Kikuchi, A.5
  • 51
    • 53249090604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WNT5A expression increases during melanoma progression and correlates with outcome
    • Da Forno P.D., et al. WNT5A expression increases during melanoma progression and correlates with outcome. Clin. Cancer Res. 2008, 14(18):5825-5832.
    • (2008) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.14 , Issue.18 , pp. 5825-5832
    • Da Forno, P.D.1
  • 52
    • 0034601455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular classification of cutaneous malignant melanoma by gene expression profiling
    • Bittner M., et al. Molecular classification of cutaneous malignant melanoma by gene expression profiling. Nature 2000, 406(6795):536-540.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , Issue.6795 , pp. 536-540
    • Bittner, M.1
  • 53
    • 0033784843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transcription factor snail controls epithelial-mesenchymal transitions by repressing E-cadherin expression
    • Cano A., et al. The transcription factor snail controls epithelial-mesenchymal transitions by repressing E-cadherin expression. Nat. Cell Biol. 2000, 2:76-83.
    • (2000) Nat. Cell Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 76-83
    • Cano, A.1
  • 54
    • 34447131518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Wnt5A/protein kinase C pathway mediates motility in melanoma cells via the inhibition of metastasis suppressors and initiation of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition
    • Dissanayake S.K. The Wnt5A/protein kinase C pathway mediates motility in melanoma cells via the inhibition of metastasis suppressors and initiation of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition. J. Biol. Chem. 2007, 282:17259-17271.
    • (2007) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.282 , pp. 17259-17271
    • Dissanayake, S.K.1
  • 55
    • 84861594264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadherin switch from E- to N-cadherin in melanoma progression is regulated by the PI3K/PTEN pathway through twist and snail
    • Hao L., Ha J.R., Kuzel P., Garcia E., Persad S. Cadherin switch from E- to N-cadherin in melanoma progression is regulated by the PI3K/PTEN pathway through twist and snail. Br. J. Dermatol. 2012, 166(6):1184-1197.
    • (2012) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.166 , Issue.6 , pp. 1184-1197
    • Hao, L.1    Ha, J.R.2    Kuzel, P.3    Garcia, E.4    Persad, S.5
  • 56
    • 0029808561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KiSS-1, a novel human malignant melanoma metastasis-suppressor gene
    • Lee J.-H., et al. KiSS-1, a novel human malignant melanoma metastasis-suppressor gene. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1996, 88(23):1731-1737.
    • (1996) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.88 , Issue.23 , pp. 1731-1737
    • Lee, J.-H.1
  • 57
    • 84872276087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PGC-1 coactivators regulate MITF and the tanning response
    • Shoag J., et al. PGC-1 coactivators regulate MITF and the tanning response. Mol. Cell 2013, 49(1):145-157.
    • (2013) Mol. Cell , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 145-157
    • Shoag, J.1
  • 58
    • 36048989628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species in melanoma and its therapeutic implications
    • Wittgen H.G.M., van Kempen L.C.L.T. Reactive oxygen species in melanoma and its therapeutic implications. Melanoma Res. 2007, 17(6):400-409.
    • (2007) Melanoma Res. , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 400-409
    • Wittgen, H.G.M.1    van Kempen, L.C.L.T.2
  • 59
    • 33749999530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of reactive oxygen species and neurodegeneration by the PGC-1 transcriptional coactivators
    • St-Pierre J., et al. Suppression of reactive oxygen species and neurodegeneration by the PGC-1 transcriptional coactivators. Cell 2006, 127(2):397-408.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.127 , Issue.2 , pp. 397-408
    • St-Pierre, J.1
  • 60
    • 84876448550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PGC1α expression defines a subset of human melanoma tumors with increased mitochondrial capacity and resistance to oxidative stress
    • Vazquez F., et al. PGC1α expression defines a subset of human melanoma tumors with increased mitochondrial capacity and resistance to oxidative stress. Cancer Cell 2013, 23(3):287-301.
    • (2013) Cancer Cell , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 287-301
    • Vazquez, F.1
  • 61
    • 58549091463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MiTF regulates cellular response to reactive oxygen species through transcriptional regulation of APE-1/Ref-1
    • Liu F., Fu Y., Meyskens F.L. MiTF regulates cellular response to reactive oxygen species through transcriptional regulation of APE-1/Ref-1. J. Investig. Dermatol. 2008, 129(2):422-431.
    • (2008) J. Investig. Dermatol. , vol.129 , Issue.2 , pp. 422-431
    • Liu, F.1    Fu, Y.2    Meyskens, F.L.3
  • 62
    • 79956196320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in human carcinogenesis
    • Ziech D., Franco R., Pappa A., Panayiotidis M.I. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in human carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 2011, 711(1-2):167-173.
    • (2011) Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. , vol.711 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 167-173
    • Ziech, D.1    Franco, R.2    Pappa, A.3    Panayiotidis, M.I.4
  • 64
    • 56349090538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetics of cutaneous melanoma
    • Patino W.D.S.J. Epigenetics of cutaneous melanoma. Adv. Dermatol. 2008, 24:59-70.
    • (2008) Adv. Dermatol. , vol.24 , pp. 59-70
    • Patino, W.D.S.J.1
  • 65
    • 84921496342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic regulation of p14ARF and p16INK4A expression in cutaneous and uveal melanoma
    • Venza M., et al. Epigenetic regulation of p14ARF and p16INK4A expression in cutaneous and uveal melanoma. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) - Gene Regul. Mech. 2015, 1849(3):247-256.
    • (2015) Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) - Gene Regul. Mech. , vol.1849 , Issue.3 , pp. 247-256
    • Venza, M.1
  • 66
    • 84931572348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in melanoma reveals the importance of CpG methylation in MITF regulation
    • Lauss M., et al. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in melanoma reveals the importance of CpG methylation in MITF regulation. J. Investig. Dermatol. 2015, 135(7):1820-1828.
    • (2015) J. Investig. Dermatol. , vol.135 , Issue.7 , pp. 1820-1828
    • Lauss, M.1
  • 67
    • 84899536747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency p16INK4A promoter methylation is associated with histone methyltransferase SETDB1 expression in sporadic cutaneous melanoma
    • Kostaki M., et al. High-frequency p16INK4A promoter methylation is associated with histone methyltransferase SETDB1 expression in sporadic cutaneous melanoma. Exp. Dermatol. 2014, 23(5):332-338.
    • (2014) Exp. Dermatol. , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 332-338
    • Kostaki, M.1
  • 68
    • 33751331444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) represses the expression of CCL4 in murine macrophages
    • Khuu C.H., Barrozo R.M., Hai T., Weinstein S.L. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) represses the expression of CCL4 in murine macrophages. Mol. Immunol. 2007, 44(7):1598-1605.
    • (2007) Mol. Immunol. , vol.44 , Issue.7 , pp. 1598-1605
    • Khuu, C.H.1    Barrozo, R.M.2    Hai, T.3    Weinstein, S.L.4
  • 69
    • 67649515610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional mechanisms of WNT5A based on NF-κB, Hedgehog, TGFβ, and notch signaling cascades
    • Katoh M.K.M. Transcriptional mechanisms of WNT5A based on NF-κB, Hedgehog, TGFβ, and notch signaling cascades. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2009, 23:763-769.
    • (2009) Int. J. Mol. Med. , vol.23 , pp. 763-769
    • Katoh, M.K.M.1
  • 70
    • 84904070924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A melanoma cell state distinction influences sensitivity to MAPK pathway inhibitors
    • Konieczkowski D.J., et al. A melanoma cell state distinction influences sensitivity to MAPK pathway inhibitors. Cancer Discov. 2014, 4(7):816-827.
    • (2014) Cancer Discov. , vol.4 , Issue.7 , pp. 816-827
    • Konieczkowski, D.J.1
  • 72
    • 77956029013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic characterization of the efficacy signals due to selective BRAF inhibition with PLX4032 in malignant melanoma
    • (New York, N.Y.)
    • Tap W.D., et al. Pharmacodynamic characterization of the efficacy signals due to selective BRAF inhibition with PLX4032 in malignant melanoma. Neoplasia 2010, 12(8):637-649. (New York, N.Y.).
    • (2010) Neoplasia , vol.12 , Issue.8 , pp. 637-649
    • Tap, W.D.1
  • 73
    • 79952601233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A proliferative melanoma cell phenotype is responsive to RAF/MEK inhibition independent of BRAF mutation status
    • Zipser M.C., et al. A proliferative melanoma cell phenotype is responsive to RAF/MEK inhibition independent of BRAF mutation status. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2011, 24(2):326-333.
    • (2011) Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 326-333
    • Zipser, M.C.1
  • 74
    • 84936147067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined nivolumab and ipilimumab or monotherapy in untreated melanoma
    • Larkin J., et al. Combined nivolumab and ipilimumab or monotherapy in untreated melanoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 2015, 373(1):23-34.
    • (2015) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.373 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-34
    • Larkin, J.1
  • 75
    • 84871998076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene signature predicts resistance to EGFR and PI3K inhibitors and identifies Axl as a therapeutic target for overcoming EGFR inhibitor resistance
    • Byers L.A., et al. An epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene signature predicts resistance to EGFR and PI3K inhibitors and identifies Axl as a therapeutic target for overcoming EGFR inhibitor resistance. Clin. Cancer Res. 2013, 19(1):279-290.
    • (2013) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 279-290
    • Byers, L.A.1
  • 76
    • 84890281677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting Wnt-driven cancer through the inhibition of porcupine by LGK974
    • Liu J., et al. Targeting Wnt-driven cancer through the inhibition of porcupine by LGK974. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2013, 110(50):20224-20229.
    • (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.110 , Issue.50 , pp. 20224-20229
    • Liu, J.1
  • 77
    • 84855696067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt/β-catenin signaling and AXIN1 regulate apoptosis triggered by inhibition of the mutant kinase BRAFV600E in human melanoma
    • ra3-ra3
    • Biechele T.L., et al. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and AXIN1 regulate apoptosis triggered by inhibition of the mutant kinase BRAFV600E in human melanoma. Sci. Signal. 2012, 5(206). ra3-ra3.
    • (2012) Sci. Signal. , vol.5 , Issue.206
    • Biechele, T.L.1
  • 78
    • 84876436850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic BRAF regulates oxidative metabolism via PGC1α and MITF
    • Haq R., et al. Oncogenic BRAF regulates oxidative metabolism via PGC1α and MITF. Cancer Cell 2013, 23(3):302-315.
    • (2013) Cancer Cell , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 302-315
    • Haq, R.1
  • 79
    • 67349156673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive prostate cancer cells are tumor initiating cells that have a stem cell-like genomic signature
    • Klarmann G., et al. Invasive prostate cancer cells are tumor initiating cells that have a stem cell-like genomic signature. Clin. Exp. Metastasis 2009, 26(5):433-446.
    • (2009) Clin. Exp. Metastasis , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 433-446
    • Klarmann, G.1
  • 80
    • 53249130662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular signature and therapeutic perspective of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions in epithelial cancers
    • Sabbah M., et al. Molecular signature and therapeutic perspective of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions in epithelial cancers. Drug Resist. Updat. 2008, 11(4-5):123-151.
    • (2008) Drug Resist. Updat. , vol.11 , Issue.4-5 , pp. 123-151
    • Sabbah, M.1
  • 81
    • 77952502408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A temporarily distinct subpopulation of slow-cycling melanoma cells is required for continuous tumor growth
    • Roesch A., et al. A temporarily distinct subpopulation of slow-cycling melanoma cells is required for continuous tumor growth. Cell 2010, 141(4):583-594.
    • (2010) Cell , vol.141 , Issue.4 , pp. 583-594
    • Roesch, A.1
  • 82
    • 84878959237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcoming intrinsic multidrug resistance in melanoma by blocking the mitochondrial respiratory chain of slow-cycling JARID1B high cells
    • Roesch A., et al. Overcoming intrinsic multidrug resistance in melanoma by blocking the mitochondrial respiratory chain of slow-cycling JARID1B high cells. Cancer Cell 2013, 23(6):811-825.
    • (2013) Cancer Cell , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 811-825
    • Roesch, A.1
  • 83
    • 79959772576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ipilimumab plus dacarbazine for previously untreated metastatic melanoma
    • Robert C., et al. Ipilimumab plus dacarbazine for previously untreated metastatic melanoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 2011, 364(26):2517-2526.
    • (2011) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.364 , Issue.26 , pp. 2517-2526
    • Robert, C.1
  • 84
    • 34147182401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remodeling of chromatin structure in senescent cells and its potential impact on tumor suppression and aging
    • Adams P.D. Remodeling of chromatin structure in senescent cells and its potential impact on tumor suppression and aging. Gene 2007, 397(1-2):84-93.
    • (2007) Gene , vol.397 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 84-93
    • Adams, P.D.1
  • 85
    • 0032724112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I trial of a MART-1 peptide vaccine with incomplete Freund's adjuvant for resected high-risk melanoma
    • Wang F., et al. Phase I trial of a MART-1 peptide vaccine with incomplete Freund's adjuvant for resected high-risk melanoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 1999, 5(10):2756-2765.
    • (1999) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.5 , Issue.10 , pp. 2756-2765
    • Wang, F.1
  • 86
    • 33645555969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of pigment cells: lessons from the tyrosinase gene family
    • Murisier FF Genetics of pigment cells: lessons from the tyrosinase gene family. Histol. Histopathol. 21(5):567-578.
    • Histol. Histopathol , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 567-578
    • Murisier, F.F.1
  • 87
    • 33644990745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of protein kinase C δ activation and STAT3 Ser727 phosphorylation in insulin-induced keratinocyte proliferation
    • Gartsbein M., et al. The role of protein kinase C δ activation and STAT3 Ser727 phosphorylation in insulin-induced keratinocyte proliferation. J. Cell Sci. 2006, 119(3):470-481.
    • (2006) J. Cell Sci. , vol.119 , Issue.3 , pp. 470-481
    • Gartsbein, M.1
  • 88
    • 0033166245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase C is differentially stimulated by Wnt and frizzled homologs in aG-protein-dependent manner
    • Sheldahl L.C., Park M., Malbon C.C., Moon R.T. Protein kinase C is differentially stimulated by Wnt and frizzled homologs in aG-protein-dependent manner. Curr. Biol. 1999, 9(13):695.
    • (1999) Curr. Biol. , vol.9 , Issue.13 , pp. 695
    • Sheldahl, L.C.1    Park, M.2    Malbon, C.C.3    Moon, R.T.4
  • 89
    • 84878867338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF)
    • Aird K.M., Zhang R. Detection of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF). Methods Mol. Biol. 2013, 965:185-196.
    • (2013) Methods Mol. Biol. , vol.965 , pp. 185-196
    • Aird, K.M.1    Zhang, R.2
  • 90
    • 0031961995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of p21Cip1/Waf1 at both the G1/S and the G2/M cell cycle transitions: pRb is a critical determinant in blocking DNA replication and in preventing endoreduplication
    • Niculescu A.B., et al. Effects of p21Cip1/Waf1 at both the G1/S and the G2/M cell cycle transitions: pRb is a critical determinant in blocking DNA replication and in preventing endoreduplication. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1998, 18(1):629-643.
    • (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 629-643
    • Niculescu, A.B.1
  • 91
    • 84962023214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanoma-derived Wnt5a promotes local dendritic-cell expression of IDO and immunotolerance: opportunities for pharmacologic enhancement of immunotherapy
    • Holtzhausen A., et al. Melanoma-derived Wnt5a promotes local dendritic-cell expression of IDO and immunotolerance: opportunities for pharmacologic enhancement of immunotherapy. Cancer immuno. Res 2015, 3(9):1082-1095.
    • (2015) Cancer immuno. Res , vol.3 , Issue.9 , pp. 1082-1095
    • Holtzhausen, A.1
  • 92
    • 5044220930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ido expression by dendritic cells: tolerance and tryptophan catabolism
    • Mellor A.L., Munn D.H. Ido expression by dendritic cells: tolerance and tryptophan catabolism. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2004, 4(10):762-774.
    • (2004) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.4 , Issue.10 , pp. 762-774
    • Mellor, A.L.1    Munn, D.H.2
  • 93
    • 33646241997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purified Wnt5a protein activates or inhibits β-catenin-TCF signaling depending on receptor context
    • Mikels A.J., Nusse R. Purified Wnt5a protein activates or inhibits β-catenin-TCF signaling depending on receptor context. PLoS Biol. 2006, 4(4).
    • (2006) PLoS Biol. , vol.4 , Issue.4
    • Mikels, A.J.1    Nusse, R.2
  • 94
    • 0032576632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • waf1 can block cells at two points in the cell cycle, but does not interfere with processive DNA-replication or stress-activated kinases
    • waf1 can block cells at two points in the cell cycle, but does not interfere with processive DNA-replication or stress-activated kinases. Oncogene 1998, 16(4):431-441.
    • (1998) Oncogene , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 431-441
    • Rene, H.1    Medema, R.K.2    Veronique, A.J.S.3    Rijksen, G.4
  • 95
    • 34447343780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downregulation of Wnt signaling is a trigger for formation of facultative heterochromatin and onset of cell senescence in primary human cells
    • Ye X., et al. Downregulation of Wnt signaling is a trigger for formation of facultative heterochromatin and onset of cell senescence in primary human cells. Mol. Cell 2007, 27(2):183-196.
    • (2007) Mol. Cell , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 183-196
    • Ye, X.1
  • 96
    • 79551624262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Beta]-catenin pathway activation in breast cancer is associated with triple-negative phenotype but not with CTNNB1 mutation
    • Geyer F.C., et al. [Beta]-catenin pathway activation in breast cancer is associated with triple-negative phenotype but not with CTNNB1 mutation. Mod. Pathol. 2011, 24(2):209-231.
    • (2011) Mod. Pathol. , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-231
    • Geyer, F.C.1
  • 98
    • 0030949463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of β-catenin-Tcf signaling in colon cancer by mutations in β-catenin or APC
    • Morin P.J., et al. Activation of β-catenin-Tcf signaling in colon cancer by mutations in β-catenin or APC. Science 1997, 275(5307):1787-1790.
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , Issue.5307 , pp. 1787-1790
    • Morin, P.J.1
  • 99
    • 0032054206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the β-catenin gene (CTNNB1) in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas
    • Palacios J., Gamallo C. Mutations in the β-catenin gene (CTNNB1) in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Res. 1998, 58(7):1344-1347.
    • (1998) Cancer Res. , vol.58 , Issue.7 , pp. 1344-1347
    • Palacios, J.1    Gamallo, C.2
  • 100
    • 84940421711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A caveolin-dependent and PI3K/AKT-independent role of PTEN in [beta]-catenin transcriptional activity
    • Conde-Perez A., et al. A caveolin-dependent and PI3K/AKT-independent role of PTEN in [beta]-catenin transcriptional activity. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6.
    • (2015) Nat. Commun. , vol.6
    • Conde-Perez, A.1
  • 101
    • 84875168586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The small GTPase ARF6 stimulates β-catenin transcriptional activity during WNT5A-mediated melanoma invasion and metastasis
    • ra14-ra14
    • Grossmann A.H., et al. The small GTPase ARF6 stimulates β-catenin transcriptional activity during WNT5A-mediated melanoma invasion and metastasis. Sci. Signal. 2013, 6(265). ra14-ra14.
    • (2013) Sci. Signal. , vol.6 , Issue.265
    • Grossmann, A.H.1
  • 102
    • 0030900696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stabilization of β-catenin by genetic defects in melanoma cell lines
    • Rubinfeld B., et al. Stabilization of β-catenin by genetic defects in melanoma cell lines. Science 1997, 275(5307):1790-1792.
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , Issue.5307 , pp. 1790-1792
    • Rubinfeld, B.1
  • 103
    • 0036256209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene are rare in melanoma cell lines
    • Pollock P.M.H.N. Mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene are rare in melanoma cell lines. Melanoma Res. 2002, 12(2):183-186.
    • (2002) Melanoma Res. , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 183-186
    • Pollock, P.M.H.N.1
  • 104
    • 0034665342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micropthalmia transcription factor: a new prognostic marker in intermediate-thickness cutaneous malignant melanoma
    • Salti G.I., et al. Micropthalmia transcription factor: a new prognostic marker in intermediate-thickness cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cancer Res. 2000, 60(18):5012-5016.
    • (2000) Cancer Res. , vol.60 , Issue.18 , pp. 5012-5016
    • Salti, G.I.1
  • 105
    • 0036531955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The melanocyte-specific isoform of the microphthalmia transcription factor affects the phenotype of human melanoma
    • Selzer E., et al. The melanocyte-specific isoform of the microphthalmia transcription factor affects the phenotype of human melanoma. Cancer Res. 2002, 62(7):2098-2103.
    • (2002) Cancer Res. , vol.62 , Issue.7 , pp. 2098-2103
    • Selzer, E.1
  • 106
    • 0031659143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melan A/MART-1 immunoreactivity in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary and metastatic melanoma: frequency and distribution
    • Hofbauer G.F.K.J., Geertsen R., Boni R., Dummer R. Melan A/MART-1 immunoreactivity in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary and metastatic melanoma: frequency and distribution. Melanoma Res. 1998, 8(4):337-343.
    • (1998) Melanoma Res. , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 337-343
    • Hofbauer, G.F.K.J.1    Geertsen, R.2    Boni, R.3    Dummer, R.4
  • 107
    • 0036148208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf signaling induces the transcription of Axin2, a negative regulator of the signaling pathway
    • E-h J., et al. Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf signaling induces the transcription of Axin2, a negative regulator of the signaling pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002, 22(4):1172-1183.
    • (2002) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 1172-1183
    • E-h, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.