The Role of Interleukin-17A in Psoriatic Disease

BioDrugs

Volumn 28, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 487-497

  Adami, Silvano ^a   Cavani, Andrea ^b   Rossi, Francesco ^c   Girolomoni, Giampiero ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VERONA   (Italy)

^b LABORATORIO DI PATOLOGIA VASCOLARE   (Italy)

^c SECOND UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 17;

ANIMAL; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; METABOLISM; PSORIASIS; TH17 CELL;

ANIMALS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INTERLEUKIN-17; PSORIASIS; TH17 CELLS;

EID: 84938079964     PISSN: 11738804     EISSN: 1179190X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40259-014-0098-x     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Firestein GS, Corr M. Common mechanisms in immune-mediated inflammatory disease. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2005;73:8-13; discussion 29-30.
2. Weng X, Liu L, Barcellos LF, Allison JE, Herrinton LJ. Clustering of inflammatory bowel disease with immune mediated diseases among members of a northern California-managed care organization. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102(7):1429-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01215.x.
3. Rosenbaum JT, Russell AS, Guenther LC, El-Gabalawy H. The influence of uveitis on patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2011;88:26-30. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.110907.
4. Ortega C, Fernandez AS, Carrillo JM, Romero P, Molina IJ, Moreno JC, et al. IL-17-producing CD8+ T lymphocytes from psoriasis skin plaques are cytotoxic effector cells that secrete Th17-related cytokines. J Leukoc Biol. 2009;86(2):435-43. doi: 10.1189/JLB.0109046.
5. Imboden JB. The immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Annu Rev Pathol. 2009;4:417-34. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pathol.4.110807.092254.
6. Pedraz J, Dauden E, Delgado-Jimenez Y, Garcia-Rio I, Garcia-Diez A. Sequential study on the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis with mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(6):702-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01577.x.
7. Kuenzli S, Saurat JH. Retinoids for the treatment of psoriasis: outlook for the future. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2001;2(5):625-30.
8. Kunz M. Current treatment of psoriasis with biologics. Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2009;6(4):231-40.
9. Clark CM, Kirby B, Morris AD, Davison S, Zaki I, Emerson R, et al. Combination treatment with methotrexate and cyclosporin for severe recalcitrant psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 1999;141(2):279-82.
10. Kuijpers AL, van de Kerkhof PC. Risk-benefit assessment of methotrexate in the treatment of severe psoriasis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2000;1(1):27-39.
11. Gaffen SL. An overview of IL-17 function and signaling. Cytokine. 2008;43(3):402-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.07.017.
12. Cua DJ, Tato CM. Innate IL-17-producing cells: the sentinels of the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2010;10(7):479-89. doi: 10.1038/nri2800.
13. Hu Y, Shen F, Crellin NK, Ouyang W. The IL-17 pathway as a major therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011;1217:60-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05825.x.
14. Girolomoni G, Mrowietz U, Paul C. Psoriasis: rationale for targeting interleukin-17. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(4):717-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11099.x.
15. Hueber W, Patel DD, Dryja T, Wright AM, Koroleva I, Bruin G et al. Effects of AIN457, a fully human antibody to interleukin-17A, on psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and uveitis. Sci Transl Med. 2010;2(52):52ra72. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001107.
16. Miossec P. IL-17 and Th17 cells in human inflammatory diseases. Microbes Infect. 2009;11(5):625-30. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2009.04.003.
17. Miossec P, Kolls JK. Targeting IL-17 and TH17 cells in chronic inflammation. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2012;11(10):763-76. doi: 10.1038/nrd3794.
18. Zhu S, Qian Y. IL-17/IL-17 receptor system in autoimmune disease: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clin Sci (Lond). 2012;122(11):487-511. doi: 10.1042/CS20110496.
19. Di Cesare A, Di Meglio P, Nestle FO. The IL-23/Th17 axis in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(6):1339-50. doi: 10.1038/jid.2009.59.
20. Ma HL, Liang S, Li J, Napierata L, Brown T, Benoit S, et al. IL-22 is required for Th17 cell-mediated pathology in a mouse model of psoriasis-like skin inflammation. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(2):597-607. doi:
21. Rosmarin D, Strober BE. The potential of interleukin 12 inhibition in the treatment of psoriasis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2005;4(3):318-25.
22. Menter A, Korman NJ, Elmets CA, Feldman SR, Gelfand JM, Gordon KB, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: section 6. Guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: case-based presentations and evidence-based conclusions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;65(1):137-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.11.055.
23. Nast A, Boehncke WH, Mrowietz U, Ockenfels HM, Philipp S, Reich K, et al. S3-Guidelines on the treatment of Psoriasis vulgaris (English version). Update. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2012;10(Suppl 2):S1-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2012.07919.x.
24. Reich K, Signorovitch J, Ramakrishnan K, Yu AP, Wu EQ, Gupta SR, et al. Benefit-risk analysis of adalimumab versus methotrexate and placebo in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: comparison of adverse event-free response days in the CHAMPION trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;63(6):1011-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.12.029.
25. van Lumig PP, Driessen RJ, Berends MA, Boezeman JB, van de Kerkhof PC, de Jong EM. Safety of treatment with biologics for psoriasis in daily practice: 5-year data. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(3):283-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04044.x.
26. Esposito M, Gisondi P, Cassano N, Ferrucci G, Del Giglio M, Loconsole F, et al. Survival rate of antitumour necrosis factor-alpha treatments for psoriasis in routine dermatological practice: a multicentre observational study. Br J Dermatol. 2013;169(3):666-72. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12422.
27. Le Saux N. Biologic response modifiers to decrease inflammation: focus on infection risks. Paediatr Child Health. 2012;17(3):147-54.
28. Imperato AK, Bingham CO 3rd, Abramson SB. Overview of benefit/risk of biological agents. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2004;22(5 Suppl 35):S108-14.
29. Menter A. The status of biologic therapies in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. Cutis. 2009;84(4 Suppl):14-24.
30. Ortiz-Ibanez K, Alsina MM, Munoz-Santos C. Tofacitinib and other kinase inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2013;104(4):304-10. doi: 10.1016/j.adengl.2013.03.002.
31. ClinicalTrials.gov. A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety/tolerability of subcutaneous SCH 900222/MK-3222 in participants with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis (P07771/MK-3222-011). 2013. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01729754. Accessed 25 Sept 2013.
32. Strober B, Buonanno M, Clark JD, Kawabata T, Tan H, Wolk R, et al. Effect of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, on haematological parameters during 12 weeks of psoriasis treatment. Br J Dermatol. 2013. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12517.
33. Papp KA, Menter A, Strober B, Langley RG, Buonanno M, Wolk R, et al. Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in the treatment of psoriasis: a phase 2b randomized placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(3):668-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11168.x.
34. Leonardi C, Matheson R, Zachariae C, Cameron G, Li L, Edson-Heredia E, et al. Anti-interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody ixekizumab in chronic plaque psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(13):1190-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1109997.
35. Papp KA, Leonardi C, Menter A, Ortonne JP, Krueger JG, Kricorian G, et al. Brodalumab, an anti-interleukin-17-receptor antibody for psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(13):1181-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1109017.
36. Papp KA, Langley RG, Sigurgeirsson B, Abe M, Baker DR, Konno P, et al. Efficacy and safety of secukinumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II dose-ranging study. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(2):412-21. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12110.
37. Menter A, Gottlieb A, Feldman SR, Van Voorhees AS, Leonardi CL, Gordon KB, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: Section 1. Overview of psoriasis and guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis with biologics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(5):826-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.02.039.
38. Zeichner JA. A practical approach to screening psoriasis patients for therapy with biologic agents. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2008;1(3):50-4.
39. Vincent FB, Morand EF, Murphy K, Mackay F, Mariette X, Marcelli C. Antidrug antibodies (ADAb) to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-specific neutralising agents in chronic inflammatory diseases: a real issue, a clinical perspective. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(2):165-78. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202545.
40. Dorner T, Kinnman N. Tak PP. Targeting B cells in immune-mediated inflammatory disease: a comprehensive review of mechanisms of action and identification of biomarkers. Pharmacol Ther. 2010;125(3):464-75. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.01.001.
41. Martin-Orozco N, Muranski P, Chung Y, Yang XO, Yamazaki T, Lu S, et al. T helper 17 cells promote cytotoxic T cell activation in tumor immunity. Immunity. 2009;31(5):787-98. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.09.014.
42. Eyerich K, Pennino D, Scarponi C, Foerster S, Nasorri F, Behrendt H et al. IL-17 in atopic eczema: linking allergen-specific adaptive and microbial-triggered innate immune response. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;123(1):59-66 e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.10.031.
43. Ye P, Rodriguez FH, Kanaly S, Stocking KL, Schurr J, Schwarzenberger P, et al. Requirement of interleukin 17 receptor signaling for lung CXC chemokine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor expression, neutrophil recruitment, and host defense. J Exp Med. 2001;194(4):519-27.
44. Hirahara K, Ghoreschi K, Laurence A, Yang XP, Kanno Y, O'Shea JJ. Signal transduction pathways and transcriptional regulation in Th17 cell differentiation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2010;21(6):425-34. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.10.006.
45. Parachuru VP, Coates DE, Milne TJ, Hussaini HM, Rich AM, Seymour GJ. Forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T-cells and interleukin 17-positive T-helper 17 cells in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res. 2014. doi: 10.1111/jre.12169.
46. Corneth OB, Mus AM, Asmawidjaja PS, Klein Wolterink RG, van Nimwegen M, Brem MD et al. Absence of interleukin-17 receptor A signaling prevents autoimmune inflammation of the joint and leads to a Th2-like phenotype in collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66(2):340-9. doi: 10.1002/art.38229.
47. Pennino D, Eyerich K, Scarponi C, Carbone T, Eyerich S, Nasorri F, et al. IL-17 amplifies human contact hypersensitivity by licensing hapten nonspecific Th1 cells to kill autologous keratinocytes. J Immunol. 2010;184(9):4880-8. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901767.
48. Yosef N, Shalek AK, Gaublomme JT, Jin H, Lee Y, Awasthi A, et al. Dynamic regulatory network controlling TH17 cell differentiation. Nature. 2013;496(7446):461-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11981.
49. O'Shea JJ, Steward-Tharp SM, Laurence A, Watford WT, Wei L, Adamson AS, et al. Signal transduction and Th17 cell differentiation. Microbes Infect. 2009;11(5):599-611. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2009.04.007.
50. Ichiyama K, Yoshida H, Wakabayashi Y, Chinen T, Saeki K, Nakaya M, et al. Foxp3 inhibits RORgammat-mediated IL-17A mRNA transcription through direct interaction with RORgammat. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(25):17003-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M801286200.
51. Miossec P, Korn T, Kuchroo VK. Interleukin-17 and type 17 helper T cells. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(9):888-98. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0707449.
52. Korn T, Bettelli E, Oukka M, Kuchroo VK. IL-17 and Th17 Cells. Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:485-517. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132710.
53. O'Garra A, Stockinger B, Veldhoen M. Differentiation of human T(H)-17 cells does require TGF-beta!. Nat Immunol. 2008;9(6):588-90. doi: 10.1038/ni0608-588.
54. Chen Z, Laurence A, O'Shea JJ. Signal transduction pathways and transcriptional regulation in the control of Th17 differentiation. Semin Immunol. 2007;19(6):400-8. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2007.10.015.
55. Cai Y, Shen X, Ding C, Qi C, Li K, Li X, et al. Pivotal role of dermal IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells in skin inflammation. Immunity. 2011;35(4):596-610. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.08.001.
56. Katayama M, Ohmura K, Yukawa N, Terao C, Hashimoto M, Yoshifuji H, et al. Neutrophils are essential as a source of IL-17 in the effector phase of arthritis. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e62231. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062231.
57. Gaffen SL. Recent advances in the IL-17 cytokine family. Curr Opin Immunol. 2011;23(5):613-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2011.07.006.
58. Pappu R, Ramirez-Carrozzi V, Ota N, Ouyang W, Hu Y. The IL-17 family cytokines in immunity and disease. J Clin Immunol. 2010;30(2):185-95. doi: 10.1007/s10875-010-9369-6.
59. Gaffen SL. Structure and signalling in the IL-17 receptor family. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(8):556-67. doi: 10.1038/nri2586.
60. Gaffen SL, Kramer JM, Yu JJ, Shen F. The IL-17 cytokine family. Vitam Horm. 2006;74:255-82. doi: 10.1016/S0083-6729(06)74010-9.
61. Gaffen SL. Life before seventeen: cloning of the IL-17 receptor. J Immunol. 2011;187(9):4389-91. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102576.
62. Steiner GE, Newman ME, Paikl D, Stix U, Memaran-Dagda N, Lee C, et al. Expression and function of pro-inflammatory interleukin IL-17 and IL-17 receptor in normal, benign hyperplastic, and malignant prostate. Prostate. 2003;56(3):171-82. doi: 10.1002/pros.10238.
63. Albanesi C, Scarponi C, Cavani A, Federici M, Nasorri F, Girolomoni G. Interleukin-17 is produced by both Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes, and modulates interferon-gamma- and interleukin-4-induced activation of human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 2000;115(1):81-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00041.x.
64. Xu S, Cao X. Interleukin-17 and its expanding biological functions. Cell Mol Immunol. 2010;7(3):164-74. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2010.21.
65. Doyle MS, Collins ES, Fitzgerald OM, Pennington SR. New insight into the functions of the interleukin-17 receptor adaptor protein Act1 in psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012;14(5):226. doi: 10.1186/ar4071.
66. Kehlen A, Thiele K, Riemann D, Langner J. Expression, modulation and signalling of IL-17 receptor in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002;127(3):539-46.
67. Cho ML, Kang JW, Moon YM, Nam HJ, Jhun JY, Heo SB, et al. STAT3 and NF-kappaB signal pathway is required for IL-23-mediated IL-17 production in spontaneous arthritis animal model IL-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice. J Immunol. 2006;176(9):5652-61.
68. Patel DN, King CA, Bailey SR, Holt JW, Venkatachalam K, Agrawal A, et al. Interleukin-17 stimulates C-reactive protein expression in hepatocytes and smooth muscle cells via p38 MAPK and ERK1/2-dependent NF-kappaB and C/EBPbeta activation. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(37):27229-38. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M703250200.
69. Song X, Qian Y. IL-17 family cytokines mediated signaling in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Cell Signal. 2013;25(12):2335-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.07.021.
70. Gutowska-Owsiak D, Schaupp AL, Salimi M, Selvakumar TA, McPherson T, Taylor S, et al. IL-17 downregulates filaggrin and affects keratinocyte expression of genes associated with cellular adhesion. Exp Dermatol. 2012;21(2):104-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01412.x.
71. Kato H, Endres J, Fox DA. The roles of IFN-gamma versus IL-17 in pathogenic effects of human Th17 cells on synovial fibroblasts. Mod Rheumatol. 2013. doi: 10.1007/s10165-012-0811-x.
72. Russolillo A, Iervolino S, Peluso R, Lupoli R, Di Minno A, Pappone N, et al. Obesity and psoriatic arthritis: from pathogenesis to clinical outcome and management. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;52(1):62-7. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes242.
73. Marzano AV, Tedeschi A, Polloni I, Crosti C, Cugno M. Interactions between inflammation and coagulation in autoimmune and immune-mediated skin diseases. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2012;10(5):647-52.
74. Nograles KE, Zaba LC, Guttman-Yassky E, Fuentes-Duculan J, Suarez-Farinas M, Cardinale I, et al. Th17 cytokines interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 modulate distinct inflammatory and keratinocyte-response pathways. Br J Dermatol. 2008;159(5):1092-102. doi:
75. Albanesi C, Scarponi C, Bosisio D, Sozzani S, Girolomoni G. Immune functions and recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in psoriasis. Autoimmunity. 2010;43(3):215-9. doi: 10.3109/08916930903510906.
76. Zaba LC, Cardinale I, Gilleaudeau P, Sullivan-Whalen M, Suarez-Farinas M, Fuentes-Duculan J, et al. Amelioration of epidermal hyperplasia by TNF inhibition is associated with reduced Th17 responses. J Exp Med. 2007;204(13):3183-94. doi: 10.1084/jem.20071094.
77. Albanesi C, Cavani A, Girolomoni G. IL-17 is produced by nickel-specific T lymphocytes and regulates ICAM-1 expression and chemokine production in human keratinocytes: synergistic or antagonist effects with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. J Immunol. 1999;162(1):494-502.
78. Rizzo HL, Kagami S, Phillips KG, Kurtz SE, Jacques SL, Blauvelt A. IL-23-mediated psoriasis-like epidermal hyperplasia is dependent on IL-17A. J Immunol. 2011;186(3):1495-502. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001001.
79. Schett G. Joint remodelling in inflammatory disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66 Suppl 3:iii42-4. doi: 10.1136/ard.2007.078972.
80. de Rooy DP, van der Linden MP, Knevel R, Huizinga TW, van der Helm-van Mil AH. Predicting arthritis outcomes - what can be learned from the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2011;50(1):93-100. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq230.
81. Adamopoulos IE, Chao CC, Geissler R, Laface D, Blumenschein W, Iwakura Y, et al. Interleukin-17A upregulates receptor activator of NF-kappaB on osteoclast precursors. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12(1):R29. doi: 10.1186/ar2936.
82. Kostenuik PJ, Shalhoub V. Osteoprotegerin: a physiological and pharmacological inhibitor of bone resorption. Curr Pharm Des. 2001;7(8):613-35.
83. Boyle WJ, Simonet WS, Lacey DL. Osteoclast differentiation and activation. Nature. 2003;423(6937):337-42. doi: 10.1038/nature01658.
84. Stolina M, Adamu S, Ominsky M, Dwyer D, Asuncion F, Geng Z, et al. RANKL is a marker and mediator of local and systemic bone loss in two rat models of inflammatory arthritis. J Bone Miner Res. 2005;20(10):1756-65. doi: 10.1359/JBMR.050601.
85. Bellido T, Ali AA, Gubrij I, Plotkin LI, Fu Q, O'Brien CA, et al. Chronic elevation of parathyroid hormone in mice reduces expression of sclerostin by osteocytes: a novel mechanism for hormonal control of osteoblastogenesis. Endocrinology. 2005;146(11):4577-83. doi: 10.1210/en.2005-0239.
86. Diarra D, Stolina M, Polzer K, Zwerina J, Ominsky MS, Dwyer D, et al. Dickkopf-1 is a master regulator of joint remodeling. Nat Med. 2007;13(2):156-63. doi: 10.1038/nm1538.
87. Crotti TN, Smith MD, Weedon H, Ahern MJ, Findlay DM, Kraan M, et al. Receptor activator NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) expression in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, osteoarthritis, and from normal patients: semiquantitative and quantitative analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(12):1047-54.
88. Liu YY, Long L, Wang SY, Guo JP, Ye H, Cui LF, et al. Circulating Dickkopf-1 and osteoprotegerin in patients with early and longstanding rheumatoid arthritis. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010;123(11):1407-12.
89. Singh TP, Schon MP, Wallbrecht K, Michaelis K, Rinner B, Mayer G, et al. 8-Methoxypsoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy acts via inhibition of the IL-23/Th17 axis and induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells involving CTLA4 signaling in a psoriasis-like skin disorder. J Immunol. 2010;184(12):7257-67. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903719.
90. Gudjonsson JE, Johnston A, Ellis CN. Novel systemic drugs under investigation for the treatment of psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(1):139-47. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.06.037.
91. Patel DD, Lee DM, Kolbinger F, Antoni C. Effect of IL-17A blockade with secukinumab in autoimmune diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72 Suppl 2:ii116-23. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202371.
92. Rich P, Sigurgeirsson B, Thaci D, Ortonne JP, Paul C, Schopf RE, et al. Secukinumab induction and maintenance therapy in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II regimen-finding study. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(2):402-11. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12112.
93. Genovese MC, Durez P, Richards HB, Supronik J, Dokoupilova E, Mazurov V, et al. Efficacy and safety of secukinumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a phase II, dose-finding, double-blind, randomised, placebo controlled study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):863-9. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201601.
94. Kagami S, Rizzo HL, Kurtz SE, Miller LS, Blauvelt A. IL-23 and IL-17A, but not IL-12 and IL-22, are required for optimal skin host defense against Candida albicans. J Immunol. 2010;185(9):5453-62. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001153.
95. McInnes IB, Sieper J, Braun J, Emery P, van der Heijde D, Isaacs JD, et al. Efficacy and safety of secukinumab, a fully human anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriatic arthritis: a 24-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II proof-of-concept trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202646.
96. Dick AD, Tugal-Tutkun I, Foster S, Zierhut M, Melissa Liew SH, Bezlyak V et al. Secukinumab in the treatment of noninfectious uveitis: results of three randomized, controlled clinical trials. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(4):777-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.040.
97. Rich P, Sigurgeirsson B, Thaci DP, Ortonne JP, Paul C, Schopf RE, et al. Secukinumab induction and maintenance therapy in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II regimen-finding study. Br J Dermatol. 2012. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12070.
98. Hueber W, Sands BE, Lewitzky S, Vandemeulebroecke M, Reinisch W, Higgins PD, et al. Secukinumab, a human anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody, for moderate to severe Crohn's disease: unexpected results of a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Gut. 2012;61(12):1693-700. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301668.
99. Her M, Kavanaugh A. Treatment of spondyloarthropathy: the potential for agents other than TNF inhibitors. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2013. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283620177.
100. Meyer MW, Zachariae C, Bendtzen K, Skov L. Lack of anti-drug antibodies in patients with psoriasis well-controlled on long-term treatment with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(4):362-4. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1376.
101. Gajdosik Z. Brodalumab (AMG-827). Drugs Fut. 2012;37(12):837.
102. Busse WW, Holgate S, Kerwin E, Chon Y, Feng J, Lin J, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of brodalumab, a human anti-IL-17 receptor monoclonal antibody, in moderate to severe asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188(11):1294-302. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201212-2318OC.