Both loved and feared: Third party punishers are viewed as formidable and likeable, but these reputational benefits may only be open to dominant individuals

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 10, 2014, Pages

  Gordon, David S ^a   Madden, Joah R ^a   Lea, Stephen E G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGGRESSION; AGGRESSIVENESS; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOMINANCE BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NAMED GROUPS OF PERSONS; PUNISHMENT; SOCIAL ASPECT; SOCIAL ATTITUDE; SOCIAL EVOLUTION; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; TASK PERFORMANCE; THIRD PARTY PUNISHER; THIRD PARTY PUNISHMENT; YOUNG ADULT; COOPERATION; GAME;

ADULT; COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; GAME THEORY; HUMANS; MALE; PUNISHMENT; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84908583818     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110045     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Balliet D, Mulder LB, Van Lange PAM (2011) Reward, punishment, and cooperation: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin 137: 594.
2. Fudenberg D, Pathak PA (2010) Unobserved punishment supports cooperation. Journal of Public Economics 94: 78-86.
3. Masclet D, Noussair C, Tucker S, Villeval M (2003) Monetary and nonmonetary punishment in the voluntary contributions mechanism. The American Economic Review 93: 366-380.
4. Kim SH, Smith RH, Brigham NL (1998) Effects of power imbalance and the presence of third parties on reactions to harm: Upward and downward revenge. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 24: 353.
5. Fehr E, Gächter S (2002) Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415: 137-140.
6. Dreber A, Rand DG, Fudenberg D, Nowak MA (2008) Winners don't punish. Nature 452: 348-351.
7. Panchanathan K, Boyd R (2004) Indirect reciprocity can stabilize cooperation without the second-order free rider problem. Nature 432: 499-502.
8. Santos MD, Rankin DJ, Wedekind C (2010) The evolution of punishment through reputation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278: 371-377.
9. Barclay P (2006) Reputational benefits for altruistic punishment. Evolution and Human Behavior 27: 325-344.
10. Nelissen R (2008) The price you pay: cost-dependent reputation effects of altruistic punishment. Evolution and Human Behavior 29: 242-248.
11. Falk A, Fehr E, Fischbacher U (2005) Driving forces behind informal sanctions. Econometrica 73: 2017-2030.
12. Hogg MA, van Knippenberg D, Rast DE (2012) The social identity theory of leadership: Theoretical origins, research findings, and conceptual developments. European Review of Social Psychology 23: 258-304.
13. Gürerk O, Irlenbusch B, Rockenbach B (2006) The Competitive Advantage of Sanctioning institutions. Science 312: 108-111.
14. Clutton-Brock T, Parker G (1995) Punishment in animal societies. Nature 373: 209-216.
15. Silk JB (2003) Practice random acts of aggression and senseless acts of intimidation: The logic of status contests in social groups. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 11: 221-225.
16. Sell A, Tooby J, Cosmides L (2009) Formidability and the logic of human anger. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106: 15073-15078.
17. Jones BC, DeBruine LM, Little AC, Watkins CD, Feinberg DR (2011) 'Eavesdropping' and perceived male dominance rank in humans. Animal Behaviour.
18. Cummins D (1996) Dominance hierarchies and the evolution of human reasoning. Minds and Machines 6: 463-480.
19. Flack JC, de Waal FBM, Krakauer DC (2005) Social structure, robustness, and policing cost in a cognitively sophisticated species. The American Naturalist 165: 126-139.
20. Flack JC, Girvan M, De Waal FBM, Krakauer DC (2006) Policing stabilizes construction of social niches in primates. Nature 439: 426-429.
21. Wong MYL, Buston PM, Munday PL, Jones GP (2007) The threat of punishment enforces peaceful cooperation and stabilizes queues in a coral-reef fish. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274: 1093-1099.
22. Benard S (2013) Reputation systems, aggression, and deterrence in social interaction. Social science research 42: 230-245.
23. Dasgupta P (2011) Dark matters: Exploitation as cooperation. Journal of Theoretical Biology.
24. Marlowe FW, Berbesque JC, Barr A, Barrett C, Bolyanatz A, et al. (2008) More 'altruistic' punishment in larger societies. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275: 587-592.
25. Nikiforakis N, Normann H-T (2008) A comparative statics analysis of punishment in public good experiments. Experimental Economics 11: 358-369.
26. McCullough ME, Kurzban R, Tabak BA (2013) Cognitive systems for revenge and forgiveness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1: 1-15.
27. de Weerd H, Verbrugge R (2011) Evolution of altruistic punishment in heterogeneous populations. Journal of Theoretical Biology.
28. Przepiorka W, Diekmann A (2013) Individual heterogeneity and costly punishment: a volunteer's dilemma. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280: 2013-2247.
29. Lewis RJ (2002) Beyond dominance: the importance of leverage. The Quarterly review of biology 77: 149-164.
30. Henrich J, Gil-White FJ (2001) The evolution of prestige: Freely conferred deference as a mechanism for enhancing the benefits of cultural transmission. Evolution and Human Behavior 22: 165-196.
31. Jones BC, Rachlin H (2006) Social discounting. Psychological Science 17: 283.
32. Barclay P (2013) Strategies for cooperation in biological markets, especially for humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 34: 164-175.
33. Schino G, Aureli F (2009) Reciprocal Altruism in Primates:: Partner Choice, Cognition, and Emotions. Advances in the Study of Behavior 39: 45-69.
34. Hawley PH (1999) The ontogenesis of social dominance: A strategy-based evolutionary perspective. Developmental Review 19: 97-132.
35. Eckel C, Fatas E, Wilson R (2010) Cooperation and status in organizations. Journal of Public Economic Theory 12: 737-762.
36. Maner JK, Mead NL (2010) The essential tension between leadership and power: When leaders sacrifice group goals for the sake of self-interest. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 99: 482.
37. Dreber A, Rand DG (2012) Retaliation and antisocial punishment are overlooked in many theoretical models as well as behavioral experiments. The Behavioral and brain sciences 35: 24.
38. Nikiforakis N (2008) Punishment and counter-punishment in public good games: Can we really govern ourselves? Journal of Public Economics 92: 91-112.
39. Tarling R, Morris K (2010) Reporting crime to the police. British Journal of Criminology 50: 474.
40. Huston TL, Ruggiero M, Conner R, Geis G (1981) Bystander intervention into crime: A study based on naturally-occurring episodes. Social Psychology Quarterly: 14-23.
41. Mathew S, Boyd R (2011) Punishment sustains large-scale cooperation in prestate warfare. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
42. Bazzan A, Dahmen SR (2010) Bribe And Punishment: Effects Of Signaling, Gossiping, And Bribery In Public Goods Games. Advances in Complex Systems 13: 755-771.
43. Bowles S, Gintis H (2004) The evolution of strong reciprocity: cooperation in heterogeneous populations. Theoretical Population Biology 65: 17-28.
44. McNamara JM, Houston AI (2002) Credible threats and promises. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 357: 1607-1616.
45. Barclay P (2010) Altruism as a courtship display: Some effects of third-party generosity on audience perceptions. British Journal of Psychology 101: 123-135.
46. Iredale W, Van Vugt M, Dunbar R (2008) Showing Off in Humans Male Generosity as a Mating Signal. Evolutionary Psychology 6: 386-392.
47. Fessler DM, Tiokhin LB, Holbrook C, Gervais MM, Snyder JK (2013) Foundations of the Crazy Bastard Hypothesis: Nonviolent physical risk-taking enhances conceptualized formidability. Evolution and Human Behavior 35: 26-33.
48. Wilson DS, O'Gorman R (2003) Emotions and actions associated with norm-breaking events. Human Nature 14: 277-304.
49. Gordon D, Platek S (2009) Trustworthy? The Brain knows: Implicit neural responses to faces that vary in dark triad personality characteristics and trustworthiness. Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology 3: 182-200.
50. Buss DM (1981) Sex differences in the evaluation and performance of dominant acts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40: 147.
51. Singer T, Seymour B, O'Doherty JP, Stephan KE, Dolan RJ, et al. (2006) Empathic neural responses are modulated by the perceived fairness of others. Nature 439: 466-469.
52. de Quervain D, Fischbacher U, Treyer V, Schellhammer M, Schnyder U, et al. (2004) The neural basis of altruistic punishment. Science 305: 1254-1258.
53. Topalli V, Wright R, Fornango R (2002) Drug dealers, robbery and retaliation. Vulnerability, deterrence and the contagion of violence. British Journal of Criminology 42: 337-351.
54. Griskevicius V, Tybur JM, Gangestad SW, Perea EF, Shapiro JR, et al. (2009) Aggress to impress: hostility as an evolved context-dependent strategy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 96: 980.
55. Sell A, Cosmides L, Tooby J, Sznycer D, von Rueden C, et al. (2009) Human adaptations for the visual assessment of strength and fighting ability from the body and face. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276: 575-584.
56. Rand DG, Armao JJ, Nakamaru M, Ohtsuki H (2010) Anti-social punishment can prevent the co-evolution of punishment and cooperation Journal of Theoretical Biology 265: 624-632.
57. Ottone S (2008) Are people Samaritans or Avengers. Economics Bulletin 3: 1-8.
58. Hawley PH, Little TD, Card NA (2008) The myth of the alpha male: A new look at dominance-related beliefs and behaviors among adolescent males and females. International Journal of Behavioral Development 32: 76.
59. Cant MA, Johnstone RA (2009) How Threats Influence the Evolutionary Resolution of Within-Group Conflict. The American Naturalist 173: 759-771.
60. Cummins D (2005) Dominance, status, and social hierarchies. The handbook of evolutionary psychology: 676-697.
61. Számadó S (2011) Long-term commitment promotes honest status signalling. Animal Behaviour.
62. Tibbetts EA, Izzo A (2010) Social Punishment of Dishonest Signalers Caused by Mismatch between Signal and Behavior. Current Biology 20: 1637-1640.
63. Anderson C, Ames DR, Gosling SD (2008) Punishing hubris: The perils of overestimating one's status in a group. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 34: 90-101.
64. Nowak MA, Sigmund K (1998) Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring. Nature 393: 573-577.
65. Tennie C (2012) Punishing for your own good: the case of reputation-based cooperation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 35: 40-41.
66. Frank SA (1996) Policing and group cohesion when resources vary. Animal Behaviour 52: 1163-1169.
67. Pedersen EJ, Kurzban R, McCullough ME (2013) Do humans really punish altruistically? A closer look. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280: 1-8.
68. Jennings DJ, Carlin CM, Hayden TJ, Gammell MP (2011) Third-party intervention behaviour during fallow deer fights: the role of dominance, age, fighting and body size. Animal Behaviour 81: 1217-1222.
69. Widdig A, Streich WJ, Tembrock G (2000) Coalition formation among male Barbary macaques(Macaca sylvanus). American Journal of Primatology 50: 37-51.
70. Brosnan SF (2011) An evolutionary perspective on morality. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization.
71. Melis AP, Semmann D (2010) How is human cooperation different? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365: 2663-2674.
72. Kurzban R, Descioli P, O'brien E (2007) Audience effects on moralistic punishment. Evolution and Human Behavior 28: 75-84.
73. Nikiforakis N, Normann H, Wallace B (2010) Asymmetric enforcement of cooperation in a social dilemma. Southern Economic Journal 76: 638-659.
74. Reuben E, Riedl A (2009) Public goods provision and sanctioning in privileged groups. Journal of Conflict Resolution 53: 72-93.
75. Barr A (2001) Social dilemmas and shame-based sanctions: experimental results from rural Zimbabwe. Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
76. Ostrom E, Walker J, Gardner R (1992) Covenants With and Without a Sword: Self-Governance is Possible. The American Political Science Review 86: 404-417
77. Levine M, Taylor PJ, Best R (2011) Third Parties, Violence, and Conflict Resolution. Psychological Science.