메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 883-892

Cytoprotective-selective activated protein C therapy for ischaemic stroke

Author keywords

Activated protein C; EPCR; PAR1; PAR3; Stroke

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATED PROTEIN C; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL PROTEIN C RECEPTOR; GLYCOPROTEIN IB; METALLOPROTEINASE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID; PLASMA PROTEIN; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; PROTEINASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR 1; PROTEINASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR 3; SPHINGOSINE 1 PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; THROMBIN; 3K3A-APC PROTEIN; CELL SURFACE RECEPTOR; LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; PROCR PROTEIN, HUMAN; PROTEIN C; PROTEINASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR;

EID: 84908507268     PISSN: 03406245     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1160/TH14-05-0448     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (47)

References (90)
  • 1
    • 84871036375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
    • Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380: 2095–2128.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 2095-2128
    • Lozano, R.1    Naghavi, M.2    Foreman, K.3
  • 2
    • 84893651437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: A report from the american heart association
    • Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the american heart association. Circulation 2014; 129: e28-e292.
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.129 , pp. e28-e292
    • Go, A.S.1    Mozaffarian, D.2    Roger, V.L.3
  • 5
    • 84888238573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of life after TIA and stroke: Ten-year results of the Oxford Vascular Study
    • Luengo-Fernandez R, Gray AM, Bull L, et al. Quality of life after TIA and stroke: ten-year results of the Oxford Vascular Study. Neurology 2013; 81: 1588–1595.
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 1588-1595
    • Luengo-Fernandez, R.1    Gray, A.M.2    Bull, L.3
  • 6
    • 84891546178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances and challenges in treatment and prevention of ischaemic stroke
    • Grossman AW, Broderick JP. Advances and challenges in treatment and prevention of ischaemic stroke. Ann Neurol 2013; 74: 363–372.
    • (2013) Ann Neurol , vol.74 , pp. 363-372
    • Grossman, A.W.1    Broderick, J.P.2
  • 7
    • 84897855137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of Stroke Thrombolytics
    • Bivard A, Lin L, Parsonsb MW. Review of Stroke Thrombolytics. J Stroke 2013; 15: 90–98.
    • (2013) J Stroke , vol.15 , pp. 90-98
    • Bivard, A.1    Lin, L.2    Parsonsb, M.W.3
  • 8
    • 77952112006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: An updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials
    • Lees KR, Bluhmki E, von KR, et al. Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: an updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials. Lancet 2010; 375: 1695–1703.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 1695-1703
    • Lees, K.R.1    Bluhmki, E.2    Von, K.R.3
  • 9
    • 0343118114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral haemorrhage after intravenous t-PA therapy for ischaemic stroke
    • The NINDS t-PA Stroke Study Group. Intracerebral haemorrhage after intravenous t-PA therapy for ischaemic stroke. Stroke 1997; 28: 2109–2118.
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 2109-2118
  • 10
    • 84893749986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the decline in stroke mortality: A statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
    • Lackland DT, Roccella EJ, Deutsch AF, et al. Factors influencing the decline in stroke mortality: a statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014; 45: 315–353.
    • (2014) Stroke , vol.45 , pp. 315-353
    • Lackland, D.T.1    Roccella, E.J.2    Deutsch, A.F.3
  • 11
    • 84877887447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of onset-to-reperfusion time on stroke mortality: A collaborative pooled analysis
    • Mazighi M, Chaudhry SA, Ribo M, et al. Impact of onset-to-reperfusion time on stroke mortality: a collaborative pooled analysis. Circulation 2013; 127: 1980–1985.
    • (2013) Circulation , vol.127 , pp. 1980-1985
    • Mazighi, M.1    Chaudhry, S.A.2    Ribo, M.3
  • 12
    • 84893636559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute ischaemic stroke: Time, penumbra, and reperfusion
    • Manning NW, Campbell BC, Oxley TJ, et al. Acute ischaemic stroke: time, penumbra, and reperfusion. Stroke 2014; 45: 640–644.
    • (2014) Stroke , vol.45 , pp. 640-644
    • Manning, N.W.1    Campbell, B.C.2    Oxley, T.J.3
  • 13
    • 84888384968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel approaches to neuroprotection trials in acute ischaemic stroke
    • Tymianski M. Novel approaches to neuroprotection trials in acute ischaemic stroke. Stroke 2013; 44: 2942–2950.
    • (2013) Stroke , vol.44 , pp. 2942-2950
    • Tymianski, M.1
  • 14
    • 34147119744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cytoprotective protein C pathway
    • Mosnier LO, Zlokovic BV, Griffin JH. The cytoprotective protein C pathway. Blood 2007; 109: 3161–3172.
    • (2007) Blood , vol.109 , pp. 3161-3172
    • Mosnier, L.O.1    Zlokovic, B.V.2    Griffin, J.H.3
  • 15
    • 67849101852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The protein C pathway and pathologic processes
    • Castellino FJ, Ploplis VA. The protein C pathway and pathologic processes. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7 (Suppl 1): 140–145.
    • (2009) J Thromb Haemost , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 140-145
    • Castellino, F.J.1    Ploplis, V.A.2
  • 16
    • 33646480218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and the activated protein C anticoagulant pathway
    • Esmon CT. Inflammation and the activated protein C anticoagulant pathway. Semin Thromb Hemost 2006; 32: 49–60.
    • (2006) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.32 , pp. 49-60
    • Esmon, C.T.1
  • 17
    • 84880617084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of anticoagulant and cytoprotective actions of the protein C pathway
    • Bouwens EA, Stavenuiter F, Mosnier LO. Mechanisms of anticoagulant and cytoprotective actions of the protein C pathway. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11: 242–253.
    • (2013) J Thromb Haemost , vol.11 , pp. 242-253
    • Bouwens, E.A.1    Stavenuiter, F.2    Mosnier, L.O.3
  • 18
    • 79959580714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The occupancy of endothelial protein C receptor by its ligand modulates the PAR-1 dependent signalling specificity of coagulation proteases
    • Rezaie AR. The occupancy of endothelial protein C receptor by its ligand modulates the PAR-1 dependent signalling specificity of coagulation proteases. IUBMB Life 2011; 63: 390–396.
    • (2011) IUBMB Life , vol.63 , pp. 390-396
    • Rezaie, A.R.1
  • 19
    • 65949091143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteases Display Biased Agonism at Protease-Activated Receptors
    • Russo A, Soh UJ, Trejo J. Proteases Display Biased Agonism at Protease-Activated Receptors: Location matters! Mol Interv 2009; 9: 87–96.
    • (2009) Location Matters! Mol Interv , vol.9 , pp. 87-96
    • Russo, A.1    Soh, U.J.2    Trejo, J.3
  • 20
    • 80052502628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple receptor-mediated functions of activated protein C
    • Weiler H. Multiple receptor-mediated functions of activated protein C. Hamostaseologie 2011; 31: 185–195.
    • (2011) Hamostaseologie , vol.31 , pp. 185-195
    • Weiler, H.1
  • 21
    • 77954718811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe congenital protein C deficiency: The use of protein C concentrates (human) as replacement therapy for life-threatening blood-clotting complications
    • Knoebl PN. Severe congenital protein C deficiency: the use of protein C concentrates (human) as replacement therapy for life-threatening blood-clotting complications. Biologics 2008; 2: 285–296.
    • (2008) Biologics , vol.2 , pp. 285-296
    • Knoebl, P.N.1
  • 22
    • 0032532678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of the gene for anticoagulant protein C causes lethal perinatal consumptive coagulopathy in mice
    • Jalbert LR, Rosen ED, Moons L, et al. Inactivation of the gene for anticoagulant protein C causes lethal perinatal consumptive coagulopathy in mice. J Clin Invest 1998; 102: 1481–1488.
    • (1998) J Clin Invest , vol.102 , pp. 1481-1488
    • Jalbert, L.R.1    Rosen, E.D.2    Moons, L.3
  • 23
    • 0033807066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete antithrombin deficiency in mice results in embryonic lethality
    • Ishiguro K, Kojima T, Kadomatsu K, et al. Complete antithrombin deficiency in mice results in embryonic lethality. J Clin Invest 2000; 106: 873–878.
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.106 , pp. 873-878
    • Ishiguro, K.1    Kojima, T.2    Kadomatsu, K.3
  • 24
    • 0034672363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous thrombosis in mice carrying the factor V Leiden mutation
    • Cui J, Eitzman DT, Westrick RJ, et al. Spontaneous thrombosis in mice carrying the factor V Leiden mutation. Blood 2000; 96: 4222–4226.
    • (2000) Blood , vol.96 , pp. 4222-4226
    • Cui, J.1    Eitzman, D.T.2    Westrick, R.J.3
  • 25
    • 0032967452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-specific protein C activation during carotid artery occlusion in humans
    • Macko RF, Killewich LA, Fernández JA, et al. Brain-specific protein C activation during carotid artery occlusion in humans. Stroke 1999; 30: 542–545.
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , pp. 542-545
    • Macko, R.F.1    Killewich, L.A.2    Fernández, J.A.3
  • 26
    • 0029849589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairments of the protein C system and fibrinolysis in infection-associated stroke
    • Macko RF, Ameriso SF, Gruber A, et al. Impairments of the protein C system and fibrinolysis in infection-associated stroke. Stroke 1996; 27: 2005–2011.
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 2005-2011
    • Macko, R.F.1    Ameriso, S.F.2    Gruber, A.3
  • 27
    • 0031456833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombomodulin expression in bovine brain capillaries. Anticoagulant function of the blood-brain barrier, regional differences, and regulatory mechanisms
    • Wang L, Tran ND, Kittaka M, et al. Thrombomodulin expression in bovine brain capillaries. Anticoagulant function of the blood-brain barrier, regional differences, and regulatory mechanisms. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 3139–3146.
    • (1997) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.17 , pp. 3139-3146
    • Wang, L.1    Tran, N.D.2    Kittaka, M.3
  • 28
    • 0028314277 scopus 로고
    • Endothelial expression of thrombomodulin is reversibly regulated by fluid shear stress
    • Malek AM, Jackman RW, Rosenberg RD, et al. Endothelial expression of thrombomodulin is reversibly regulated by fluid shear stress. Circ Res 1994; 74: 852–860.
    • (1994) Circ Res , vol.74 , pp. 852-860
    • Malek, A.M.1    Jackman, R.W.2    Rosenberg, R.D.3
  • 29
    • 70449436538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low protein C and incidence of ischaemic stroke and coronary heart disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
    • Folsom AR, Ohira T, Yamagishi K, et al. Low protein C and incidence of ischaemic stroke and coronary heart disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 1774–1778.
    • (2009) J Thromb Haemost , vol.7 , pp. 1774-1778
    • Folsom, A.R.1    Ohira, T.2    Yamagishi, K.3
  • 30
    • 79953161072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoprotective protein C pathways and implications for stroke and neurological disorders
    • Zlokovic BV, Griffin JH. Cytoprotective protein C pathways and implications for stroke and neurological disorders. Trends Neurosci 2011; 34: 198–209.
    • (2011) Trends Neurosci , vol.34 , pp. 198-209
    • Zlokovic, B.V.1    Griffin, J.H.2
  • 31
    • 77949515745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The protein C pathway in tissue inflammation and injury: Pathogenic role and therapeutic implications
    • Danese S, Vetrano S, Zhang L, et al. The protein C pathway in tissue inflammation and injury: pathogenic role and therapeutic implications. Blood 2010; 115: 1121–1130.
    • (2010) Blood , vol.115 , pp. 1121-1130
    • Danese, S.1    Vetrano, S.2    Zhang, L.3
  • 32
    • 84897500935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C based therapeutic strategies in chronic diseases
    • Bock F, Shahzad K, Vergnolle N, et al. Activated protein C based therapeutic strategies in chronic diseases. Thromb Haemost 2014; 111: 610–617.
    • (2014) Thromb Haemost , vol.111 , pp. 610-617
    • Bock, F.1    Shahzad, K.2    Vergnolle, N.3
  • 33
    • 0035799374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and neuroprotective effects of activated protein C in a murine model of focal ischaemic stroke
    • Shibata M, Kumar SR, Amar A, et al. Anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and neuroprotective effects of activated protein C in a murine model of focal ischaemic stroke. Circulation 2001; 103: 1799–1805.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 1799-1805
    • Shibata, M.1    Kumar, S.R.2    Amar, A.3
  • 34
    • 0037352279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C blocks p53-mediated apoptosis in ischaemic human brain endothelium and is neuroprotective
    • Cheng T, Liu D, Griffin JH, et al. Activated protein C blocks p53-mediated apoptosis in ischaemic human brain endothelium and is neuroprotective. Nat Med 2003; 9: 338–342.
    • (2003) Nat Med , vol.9 , pp. 338-342
    • Cheng, T.1    Liu, D.2    Griffin, J.H.3
  • 35
    • 0035992710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C: Potential therapy for severe sepsis, thrombosis, and stroke
    • Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV, Fernández JA. Activated protein C: potential therapy for severe sepsis, thrombosis, and stroke. Semin Hematol 2002; 39: 197–205.
    • (2002) Semin Hematol , vol.39 , pp. 197-205
    • Griffin, J.H.1    Zlokovic, B.V.2    Fernández, J.A.3
  • 36
    • 1342269932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C prevents neuronal apoptosis via protease activated receptors 1 and 3
    • Guo H, Liu D, Gelbard H, et al. Activated protein C prevents neuronal apoptosis via protease activated receptors 1 and 3. Neuron 2004; 41: 563–572.
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.41 , pp. 563-572
    • Guo, H.1    Liu, D.2    Gelbard, H.3
  • 37
    • 11144258914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C
    • Liu D, Cheng T, Guo H, et al. Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C. Nat Med 2004; 10: 1379–1383.
    • (2004) Nat Med , vol.10 , pp. 1379-1383
    • Liu, D.1    Cheng, T.2    Guo, H.3
  • 38
    • 33750704292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C inhibits tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain haemorrhage
    • Cheng T, Petraglia AL, Li Z, et al. Activated protein C inhibits tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain haemorrhage. Nat Med 2006; 12: 1278–1285.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 1278-1285
    • Cheng, T.1    Petraglia, A.L.2    Li, Z.3
  • 39
    • 24644462200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional recovery after embolic stroke in rodents by activated protein C
    • Zlokovic BV, Zhang C, Liu D, et al. Functional recovery after embolic stroke in rodents by activated protein C. Ann Neurol 2005; 58: 474–477.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 474-477
    • Zlokovic, B.V.1    Zhang, C.2    Liu, D.3
  • 40
    • 82555181621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure-function relationship of activated protein C. Lessons from natural and engineered mutations
    • Wildhagen KC, Lutgens E, Loubele ST, et al. The structure-function relationship of activated protein C. Lessons from natural and engineered mutations. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106: 1034–1045.
    • (2011) Thromb Haemost , vol.106 , pp. 1034-1045
    • Wildhagen, K.C.1    Lutgens, E.2    Loubele, S.T.3
  • 41
    • 77953504483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the protein C anticoagulant and antiinflammatory pathways
    • Rezaie AR. Regulation of the protein C anticoagulant and antiinflammatory pathways. Curr Med Chem 2010; 17: 2059–2069.
    • (2010) Curr Med Chem , vol.17 , pp. 2059-2069
    • Rezaie, A.R.1
  • 42
    • 34247882129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engineering a disulfide bond to stabilize the calcium binding loop of activated protein C eliminates its anticoagulant but not protective signalling properties
    • Bae JS, Yang L, Manithody C, et al. Engineering a disulfide bond to stabilize the calcium binding loop of activated protein C eliminates its anticoagulant but not protective signalling properties. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 9251–9259.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 9251-9259
    • Bae, J.S.1    Yang, L.2    Manithody, C.3
  • 43
    • 39849101009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteomic analysis of active multiple sclerosis lesions reveals therapeutic targets
    • Han MH, Hwang SI, Roy DB, et al. Proteomic analysis of active multiple sclerosis lesions reveals therapeutic targets. Nature 2008; 451: 1076–1081.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 1076-1081
    • Han, M.H.1    Hwang, S.I.2    Roy, D.B.3
  • 44
    • 4444331574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C variants with normal cytoprotective but reduced anticoagulant activity
    • Mosnier LO, Gale AJ, Yegneswaran S, et al. Activated protein C variants with normal cytoprotective but reduced anticoagulant activity. Blood 2004; 104: 1740–1745.
    • (2004) Blood , vol.104 , pp. 1740-1745
    • Mosnier, L.O.1    Gale, A.J.2    Yegneswaran, S.3
  • 45
    • 36349014743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C mutant with minimal anticoagulant activity, normal cytoprotective activity, and preservation of thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor-dependent cytoprotective functions
    • Mosnier LO, Yang XV, Griffin JH. Activated protein C mutant with minimal anticoagulant activity, normal cytoprotective activity, and preservation of thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor-dependent cytoprotective functions. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 33022–33033.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 33022-33033
    • Mosnier, L.O.1    Yang, X.V.2    Griffin, J.H.3
  • 46
    • 59949102639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct Functions of Activated Protein C Differentially Attenuate Acute Kidney Injury
    • Gupta A, Gerlitz B, Richardson MA, et al. Distinct Functions of Activated Protein C Differentially Attenuate Acute Kidney Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20: 267–277.
    • (2009) J am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 267-277
    • Gupta, A.1    Gerlitz, B.2    Richardson, M.A.3
  • 47
    • 57649198486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of activated protein C functions by elimination of protein S cofactor enhancement
    • Harmon S, Preston RJ, Ainle FN, et al. Dissociation of activated protein C functions by elimination of protein S cofactor enhancement. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 30531–30539.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283 , pp. 30531-30539
    • Harmon, S.1    Preston, R.J.2    Ainle, F.N.3
  • 48
    • 78651381622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C N-linked glycans modulate cytoprotective signalling function on endothelial cells
    • Ni Ainle F, O’Donnell JS, Johnson JA, et al. Activated protein C N-linked glycans modulate cytoprotective signalling function on endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286: 1323–1330.
    • (2011) J Biol Chem , vol.286 , pp. 1323-1330
    • Ni Ainle, F.1    O’donnell, J.S.2    Johnson, J.A.3
  • 49
    • 33749378618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multifunctional specificity of the protein C/activated protein C GLA domain
    • Preston RJ, Ajzner E, Razzari C, et al. Multifunctional specificity of the protein C/activated protein C GLA domain. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 28850–28857.
    • (2006) J Biol Chem , vol.281 , pp. 28850-28857
    • Preston, R.J.1    Ajzner, E.2    Razzari, C.3
  • 50
    • 34548513539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a specific exosite on activated protein C for interaction with protease activated receptor 1
    • Yang L, Bae JS, Manithody C, et al. Identification of a specific exosite on activated protein C for interaction with protease activated receptor 1. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 25493–25500.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 25493-25500
    • Yang, L.1    Bae, J.S.2    Manithody, C.3
  • 51
    • 67651083688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyper-antithrombotic, non-cytoprotective Glu149Ala-activated protein C mutant
    • Mosnier LO, Zampolli A, Kerschen EJ, et al. Hyper-antithrombotic, non-cytoprotective Glu149Ala-activated protein C mutant. Blood 2009; 113: 5970–5978.
    • (2009) Blood , vol.113 , pp. 5970-5978
    • Mosnier, L.O.1    Zampolli, A.2    Kerschen, E.J.3
  • 52
    • 61849105514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species-dependent neuroprotection by activated protein C mutants with reduced anticoagulant activity
    • Guo H, Wang Y, Singh I, et al. Species-dependent neuroprotection by activated protein C mutants with reduced anticoagulant activity. J Neurochem 2009; 109: 116–124.
    • (2009) J Neurochem , vol.109 , pp. 116-124
    • Guo, H.1    Wang, Y.2    Singh, I.3
  • 53
    • 34948866150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxemia and sepsis mortality reduction by non-anticoagulant activated protein C
    • Kerschen EJ, Fernandez JA, Cooley BC, et al. Endotoxemia and sepsis mortality reduction by non-anticoagulant activated protein C. J Exp Med 2007; 204: 2439–2448.
    • (2007) J Exp Med , vol.204 , pp. 2439-2448
    • Kerschen, E.J.1    Fernandez, J.A.2    Cooley, B.C.3
  • 54
    • 84878392339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxicity of the anticoagulant-selective E149A-activated protein C variant after focal ischaemic stroke in mice
    • Wang Y, Sinha RK, Mosnier LO, et al. Neurotoxicity of the anticoagulant-selective E149A-activated protein C variant after focal ischaemic stroke in mice. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2013; 51: 104–108.
    • (2013) Blood Cells Mol Dis , vol.51 , pp. 104-108
    • Wang, Y.1    Sinha, R.K.2    Mosnier, L.O.3
  • 55
    • 77955985165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C analog with reduced anti-coagulant activity improves functional recovery and reduces bleeding risk following controlled cortical impact
    • Walker CT, Marky AH, Petraglia AL, et al. Activated protein C analog with reduced anti-coagulant activity improves functional recovery and reduces bleeding risk following controlled cortical impact. Brain Res 2010; 1347: 125–131.
    • (2010) Brain Res , vol.1347 , pp. 125-131
    • Walker, C.T.1    Marky, A.H.2    Petraglia, A.L.3
  • 56
    • 61849178125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective activities of activated protein C mutant with reduced anticoagulant activity
    • Guo H, Singh I, Wang Y, et al. Neuroprotective activities of activated protein C mutant with reduced anticoagulant activity. Eur J Neurosci 2009; 29: 1119–1130.
    • (2009) Eur J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 1119-1130
    • Guo, H.1    Singh, I.2    Wang, Y.3
  • 57
    • 65549085166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential neuroprotection and risk for bleeding from activated protein C with varying degrees of anticoagulant activity
    • Wang Y, Thiyagarajan M, Chow N, et al. Differential neuroprotection and risk for bleeding from activated protein C with varying degrees of anticoagulant activity. Stroke 2008; 40: 1864–1869.
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.40 , pp. 1864-1869
    • Wang, Y.1    Thiyagarajan, M.2    Chow, N.3
  • 58
    • 84889254676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C analog protects from ischaemic stroke and extends the therapeutic window of tissue-type plasminogen activator in aged female mice and hypertensive rats
    • Wang Y, Zhao Z, Chow N, et al. Activated protein C analog protects from ischaemic stroke and extends the therapeutic window of tissue-type plasminogen activator in aged female mice and hypertensive rats. Stroke 2013; 44: 3529–3536.
    • (2013) Stroke , vol.44 , pp. 3529-3536
    • Wang, Y.1    Zhao, Z.2    Chow, N.3
  • 59
    • 84865585576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An activated protein C analog with reduced anticoagulant activity extends the therapeutic window of tissue plasminogen activator for ischaemic stroke in rodents
    • Wang Y, Zhang Z, Chow N, et al. An activated protein C analog with reduced anticoagulant activity extends the therapeutic window of tissue plasminogen activator for ischaemic stroke in rodents. Stroke 2012; 43: 2444–2449.
    • (2012) Stroke , vol.43 , pp. 2444-2449
    • Wang, Y.1    Zhang, Z.2    Chow, N.3
  • 60
    • 79953162038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoprotective-selective activated protein C attenuates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced lung injury in mice
    • Bir N, Lafargue M, Howard M, et al. Cytoprotective-selective activated protein C attenuates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced lung injury in mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 45: 632–641.
    • (2011) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.45 , pp. 632-641
    • Bir, N.1    Lafargue, M.2    Howard, M.3
  • 61
    • 84861636758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombin activity associated with neuronal damage during acute focal ischaemia
    • Chen B, Friedman B, Whitney MA, et al. Thrombin activity associated with neuronal damage during acute focal ischaemia. J Neurosci 2012; 32: 7622–7631.
    • (2012) J Neurosci , vol.32 , pp. 7622-7631
    • Chen, B.1    Friedman, B.2    Whitney, M.A.3
  • 62
    • 77958001457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombin mediates severe neurovascular injury during ischaemia
    • Chen B, Cheng Q, Yang K, et al. Thrombin mediates severe neurovascular injury during ischaemia. Stroke 2010; 41: 2348–2352.
    • (2010) Stroke , vol.41 , pp. 2348-2352
    • Chen, B.1    Cheng, Q.2    Yang, K.3
  • 63
    • 28344436780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease-activated receptors in hemostasis, thrombosis and vascular biology
    • Coughlin SR. Protease-activated receptors in hemostasis, thrombosis and vascular biology. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3: 1800–1814.
    • (2005) J Thromb Haemost , vol.3 , pp. 1800-1814
    • Coughlin, S.R.1
  • 64
    • 84871584695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biased agonism of protease-activated receptor 1 by activated protein C caused by non-canonical cleavage at Arg46
    • Mosnier LO, Sinha RK, Burnier L, et al. Biased agonism of protease-activated receptor 1 by activated protein C caused by non-canonical cleavage at Arg46. Blood 2012; 120: 5237–5246.
    • (2012) Blood , vol.120 , pp. 5237-5246
    • Mosnier, L.O.1    Sinha, R.K.2    Burnier, L.3
  • 65
    • 84055182505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C promotes protease-activated receptor-1 cytoprotective signalling through beta-arrestin and dishevelled-2 scaffolds
    • Soh UJ, Trejo J. Activated protein C promotes protease-activated receptor-1 cytoprotective signalling through beta-arrestin and dishevelled-2 scaffolds. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011; 108: E1372-E1380.
    • (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.108 , pp. E1372-E1380
    • Soh, U.J.1    Trejo, J.2
  • 66
    • 84862848502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allosteric modulation of protease-activated receptor signalling
    • Canto I, Soh UJ, Canto I, et al. Allosteric modulation of protease-activated receptor signalling. Mini Rev Med Chem 2012; 12: 804–811.
    • (2012) Mini Rev Med Chem , vol.12 , pp. 804-811
    • Canto, I.1    Soh, U.J.2    Canto, I.3
  • 67
    • 84855901533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism of ββ-Arrestin-biased agonism at seven-transmembrane receptors
    • Reiter E, Ahn S, Shukla AK, et al. Molecular mechanism of ββ-Arrestin-biased agonism at seven-transmembrane receptors. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2012; 52: 179–197.
    • (2012) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.52 , pp. 179-197
    • Reiter, E.1    Ahn, S.2    Shukla, A.K.3
  • 69
    • 34248374907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease-activated receptor-3 (PAR3) regulates PAR1 signalling by receptor dimerisation
    • McLaughlin JN, Patterson MM, Malik AB. Protease-activated receptor-3 (PAR3) regulates PAR1 signalling by receptor dimerisation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104: 5662–5667.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104 , pp. 5662-5667
    • McLaughlin, J.N.1    Patterson, M.M.2    Malik, A.B.3
  • 70
    • 84886430553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel mechanisms for activated protein C cytoprotective activities involving non-canonical activation of protease-activated receptor 3
    • Burnier L, Mosnier LO. Novel mechanisms for activated protein C cytoprotective activities involving non-canonical activation of protease-activated receptor 3. Blood 2013; 122: 807–816.
    • (2013) Blood , vol.122 , pp. 807-816
    • Burnier, L.1    Mosnier, L.O.2
  • 71
    • 84862908085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoprotective signalling by activated protein C requires protease activated receptor-3 in podocytes
    • Madhusudhan T, Wang H, Straub BK, et al. Cytoprotective signalling by activated protein C requires protease activated receptor-3 in podocytes. Blood 2012; 119: 874–883.
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , pp. 874-883
    • Madhusudhan, T.1    Wang, H.2    Straub, B.K.3
  • 72
    • 46749084607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) activation by thrombin is protective in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells if endothelial protein C receptor is occupied by its natural ligand
    • Bae JS, Rezaie AR. Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) activation by thrombin is protective in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells if endothelial protein C receptor is occupied by its natural ligand. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 101–109.
    • (2008) Thromb Haemost , vol.100 , pp. 101-109
    • Bae, J.S.1    Rezaie, A.R.2
  • 73
    • 58149154704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial protein C receptor-assisted transport of activated protein C across the mouse blood-brain barrier
    • Deane R, LaRue B, Sagare AP, et al. Endothelial protein C receptor-assisted transport of activated protein C across the mouse blood-brain barrier. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2009; 29: 25–33.
    • (2009) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.29 , pp. 25-33
    • Deane, R.1    Larue, B.2    Sagare, A.P.3
  • 74
    • 70449433875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C therapy slows ALS-like disease in mice by transcriptionally inhibiting SOD1 in motor neurons and microglia cells
    • Zhong Z, Ilieva H, Hallagan L, et al. Activated protein C therapy slows ALS-like disease in mice by transcriptionally inhibiting SOD1 in motor neurons and microglia cells. J Clin Invest 2009; 119: 3437–3449.
    • (2009) J Clin Invest , vol.119 , pp. 3437-3449
    • Zhong, Z.1    Ilieva, H.2    Hallagan, L.3
  • 75
    • 77950935919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier permeability and tPAmediated neurotoxicity
    • Abu FR, Nassar T, Yarovoi S, et al. Blood-brain barrier permeability and tPAmediated neurotoxicity. Neuropharmacology 2010; 58: 972–980.
    • (2010) Neuropharmacology , vol.58 , pp. 972-980
    • Abu, F.R.1    Nassar, T.2    Yarovoi, S.3
  • 76
    • 77952547253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular insights and therapeutic targets for blood-brain barrier disruption in ischaemic stroke: Critical role of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue-type plasminogen activator
    • Jin R, Yang G, Li G. Molecular insights and therapeutic targets for blood-brain barrier disruption in ischaemic stroke: critical role of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue-type plasminogen activator. Neurobiol Dis 2010; 38: 376–385.
    • (2010) Neurobiol Dis , vol.38 , pp. 376-385
    • Jin, R.1    Yang, G.2    Li, G.3
  • 77
    • 46449122011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C via PAR1 receptor regulates survival of neurons under conditions of glutamate excitotoxicity
    • Gorbacheva LR, Storozhevykh TP, Pinelis VG, et al. Activated protein C via PAR1 receptor regulates survival of neurons under conditions of glutamate excitotoxicity. Biochemistry 2008; 73: 717–724.
    • (2008) Biochemistry , vol.73 , pp. 717-724
    • Gorbacheva, L.R.1    Storozhevykh, T.P.2    Pinelis, V.G.3
  • 78
    • 73749087219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C prevents glutamate- and thrombin-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in cultured hippocampal neurons
    • Gorbacheva L, Pinelis V, Ishiwata S, et al. Activated protein C prevents glutamate- and thrombin-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in cultured hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience 2010; 165: 1138–1146.
    • (2010) Neuroscience , vol.165 , pp. 1138-1146
    • Gorbacheva, L.1    Pinelis, V.2    Ishiwata, S.3
  • 79
    • 58149387074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C promotes neovascularisation and neurogenesis in postischaemic brain via protease-activated receptor 1
    • Thiyagarajan M, Fernandez JA, Lane SM, et al. Activated protein C promotes neovascularisation and neurogenesis in postischaemic brain via protease-activated receptor 1. J Neurosci 2008; 28: 12788–12797.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 12788-12797
    • Thiyagarajan, M.1    Fernandez, J.A.2    Lane, S.M.3
  • 80
    • 84875873977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated protein C analog promotes neurogenesis and improves neurological outcome after focal ischaemic stroke in mice via protease activated receptor 1
    • Wang Y, Zhao Z, Chow N, et al. Activated protein C analog promotes neurogenesis and improves neurological outcome after focal ischaemic stroke in mice via protease activated receptor 1. Brain Res 2013; 1507: 97–104.
    • (2013) Brain Res , vol.1507 , pp. 97-104
    • Wang, Y.1    Zhao, Z.2    Chow, N.3
  • 81
    • 84875984946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An activated protein C analog stimulates neuronal production by human neural progenitor cells via a PAR1-PAR3-S1PR1-Akt pathway
    • Guo H, Zhao Z, Yang Q, et al. An activated protein C analog stimulates neuronal production by human neural progenitor cells via a PAR1-PAR3-S1PR1-Akt pathway. J Neurosci 2013; 33: 6181–6190.
    • (2013) J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 6181-6190
    • Guo, H.1    Zhao, Z.2    Yang, Q.3
  • 82
    • 84904266705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Anticoagulant Activated Protein C (Apc) Promotes Metaplasticity in the Hippocampus through an EPCRPAR1- S1P1 Receptors Dependent Mechanism
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Maggio N, Itsekson Z, Ikenberg B, et al. The anticoagulant activated protein C (aPC) promotes metaplasticity in the hippocampus through an EPCRPAR1- S1P1 receptors dependent mechanism. Hippocampus 2014; Epub ahead of print.
    • (2014) Hippocampus
    • Maggio, N.1    Itsekson, Z.2    Ikenberg, B.3
  • 83
    • 33644818304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1, 026 experimental treatments in acute stroke
    • O’Collins VE, Macleod MR, Donnan GA, et al. 1, 026 experimental treatments in acute stroke. Ann Neurol 2006; 59: 467–477.
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 467-477
    • O’collins, V.E.1    Macleod, M.R.2    Donnan, G.A.3
  • 84
    • 0035826096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis
    • Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 699–709.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 699-709
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Vincent, J.L.2    Laterre, P.F.3
  • 85
    • 84861665800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) in Adults with Septic Shock
    • Ranieri VM, Thompson BT, Barie PS, et al. Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) in Adults with Septic Shock. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 2055–2064.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 2055-2064
    • Ranieri, V.M.1    Thompson, B.T.2    Barie, P.S.3
  • 86
    • 0037389471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety assessment of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in the treatment of adult patients with severe sepsis
    • Bernard GR, Macias WL, Joyce DE, et al. Safety assessment of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in the treatment of adult patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care 2003; 7: 155–163.
    • (2003) Crit Care , vol.7 , pp. 155-163
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Macias, W.L.2    Joyce, D.E.3
  • 87
    • 84882264544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High dose infusion of activated protein C (rhAPC) fails to improve neuronal damage and cognitive deficit after global cerebral ischaemia in rats
    • Bruckner M, Lasarzik I, Jahn-Eimermacher A, et al. High dose infusion of activated protein C (rhAPC) fails to improve neuronal damage and cognitive deficit after global cerebral ischaemia in rats. Neurosci Lett 2013; 551: 28–33.
    • (2013) Neurosci Lett , vol.551 , pp. 28-33
    • Bruckner, M.1    Lasarzik, I.2    Jahn-Eimermacher, A.3
  • 88
    • 84865743203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical safety and pharmacokinetic profile of 3K3A-APC, a novel, modified activated protein C for ischaemic stroke
    • Williams PD, Zlokovic BV, Griffin JH, et al. Preclinical safety and pharmacokinetic profile of 3K3A-APC, a novel, modified activated protein C for ischaemic stroke. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 18: 4215–4222.
    • (2012) Curr Pharm Des , vol.18 , pp. 4215-4222
    • Williams, P.D.1    Zlokovic, B.V.2    Griffin, J.H.3
  • 89
    • 84891884106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 1 Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of 3K3A-APC in Healthy Adult Volunteers
    • Lyden P, Levy H, Weymer S, et al. Phase 1 Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of 3K3A-APC in Healthy Adult Volunteers. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19: 7479–7485.
    • (2013) Curr Pharm Des , vol.19 , pp. 7479-7485
    • Lyden, P.1    Levy, H.2    Weymer, S.3
  • 90
    • 0030468098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2.8 Å crystal structure of Gla-domainless activated protein C
    • Mather T, Oganessyan V, Hof P, et al. The 2.8 Å crystal structure of Gla-domainless activated protein C. EMBO J 1996; 15: 6822–6831.
    • (1996) EMBO J , vol.15 , pp. 6822-6831
    • Mather, T.1    Oganessyan, V.2    Hof, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.