메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 177-192

Antimicrobial human β-defensins in the colon and their role in infectious and non-infectious diseases

Author keywords

Antimicrobial peptides; Colon; Infection; Innate immunity; Intestinal mucosa; Parasites; defensin

Indexed keywords

BETA DEFENSIN; CATHELICIDIN ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE LL 37; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR4; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 1ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; MUCIN 2; POLYPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 6; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 84897756840     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20760817     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens2010177     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (63)

References (71)
  • 2
    • 0032734313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and regulation of the human beta-defensins hbd-1 and hbd-2 in intestinal epithelium
    • O'Neil, D.A.; Porter, E.M.; Elewaut, D.; Anderson, G.M.; Eckmann, L.; Ganz, T.; Kagnoff, M.F. Expression and regulation of the human beta-defensins hbd-1 and hbd-2 in intestinal epithelium. J. Immunol. 1999, 163, 6718-6724.
    • (1999) J. Immunol , vol.163 , pp. 6718-6724
    • O'Neil, D.A.1    Porter, E.M.2    Elewaut, D.3    Anderson, G.M.4    Eckmann, L.5    Ganz, T.6    Kagnoff, M.F.7
  • 3
    • 3542990948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-defensin-3 and -4 in intestinal epithelial cells display increased mrna expression in ulcerative colitis
    • Fahlgren, A.; Hammarstrom, S.; Danielsson, A.; Hammarstrom, M.L. Beta-defensin-3 and -4 in intestinal epithelial cells display increased mrna expression in ulcerative colitis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2004, 137, 379-385.
    • (2004) Clin. Exp. Immunol , vol.137 , pp. 379-385
    • Fahlgren, A.1    Hammarstrom, S.2    Danielsson, A.3    Hammarstrom, M.L.4
  • 4
    • 84870563700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human beta-defensin 2 expression in elbw infants with severe necrotizing enterocolitis
    • Jenke, A.C.; Zilbauer, M.; Postberg, J.; Wirth, S. Human beta-defensin 2 expression in elbw infants with severe necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr. Res. 2012, 72, 513-520.
    • (2012) Pediatr. Res , vol.72 , pp. 513-520
    • Jenke, A.C.1    Zilbauer, M.2    Postberg, J.3    Wirth, S.4
  • 7
    • 28244478101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple tlrs are expressed in human cholangiocytes and mediate host epithelial defense responses to Cryptosporidium parvum via activation of NF-kappab
    • Chen, X.M.; O'Hara, S.P.; Nelson, J.B.; Splinter, P.L.; Small, A.J.; Tietz, P.S.; Limper, A.H.; LaRusso, N.F. Multiple tlrs are expressed in human cholangiocytes and mediate host epithelial defense responses to Cryptosporidium parvum via activation of NF-kappab. J. Immunol. 2005, 175, 7447-7456.
    • (2005) J. Immunol , vol.175 , pp. 7447-7456
    • Chen, X.M.1    O'Hara, S.P.2    Nelson, J.B.3    Splinter, P.L.4    Small, A.J.5    Tietz, P.S.6    Limper, A.H.7    Larusso, N.F.8
  • 8
    • 0037560074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Killing of african trypanosomes by antimicrobial peptides
    • McGwire, B.S.; Olson, C.L.; Tack, B.F.; Engman, D.M. Killing of african trypanosomes by antimicrobial peptides. J. Infect. Dis. 2003, 188, 146-152.
    • (2003) J. Infect. Dis , vol.188 , pp. 146-152
    • McGwire, B.S.1    Olson, C.L.2    Tack, B.F.3    Engman, D.M.4
  • 9
    • 79955575112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of early beta-defensin-2 production as a mechanism developed by type 1 Toxoplasma gondii to evade human intestinal immunity
    • Morampudi, V.; Braun, M.Y.; D'Souza, S. Modulation of early beta-defensin-2 production as a mechanism developed by type 1 Toxoplasma gondii to evade human intestinal immunity. Infect. Immun. 2011, 79, 2043-2050.
    • (2011) Infect. Immun , vol.79 , pp. 2043-2050
    • Morampudi, V.1    Braun, M.Y.2    D'Souza, S.3
  • 10
    • 2142653566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of beta-defensin gene expression during Cryptosporidium parvum infection
    • Zaalouk, T.K.; Bajaj-Elliott, M.; George, J.T.; McDonald, V. Differential regulation of beta-defensin gene expression during Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Infect. Immun. 2004, 72, 2772-2779.
    • (2004) Infect. Immun , vol.72 , pp. 2772-2779
    • Zaalouk, T.K.1    Bajaj-Elliott, M.2    George, J.T.3    McDonald, V.4
  • 11
    • 0036467390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defensins of vertebrate animals
    • Lehrer, R.I.; Ganz, T. Defensins of vertebrate animals. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2002, 14, 96-102.
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Immunol , vol.14 , pp. 96-102
    • Lehrer, R.I.1    Ganz, T.2
  • 13
    • 39149127361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships in beta-defensin peptides
    • Taylor, K.; Barran, P.E.; Dorin, J.R. Structure-activity relationships in beta-defensin peptides. Biopolymers 2008, 90, 1-7.
    • (2008) Biopolymers , vol.90 , pp. 1-7
    • Taylor, K.1    Barran, P.E.2    Dorin, J.R.3
  • 14
    • 58849084704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defensins and inflammation: The role of defensins in inflammatory bowel disease
    • Ramasundara, M.; Leach, S.T.; Lemberg, D.A.; Day, A.S. Defensins and inflammation: The role of defensins in inflammatory bowel disease. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2009, 24, 202-208.
    • (2009) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol , vol.24 , pp. 202-208
    • Ramasundara, M.1    Leach, S.T.2    Lemberg, D.A.3    Day, A.S.4
  • 15
    • 0036547750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial activity of antiproteinases
    • Sallenave, J.M. Antimicrobial activity of antiproteinases. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2002, 30, 111-115.
    • (2002) Biochem. Soc. Trans , vol.30 , pp. 111-115
    • Sallenave, J.M.1
  • 17
    • 0037293097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of new human beta-defensin genes clustered on chromosome 20 in functionally different segments of epididymis
    • Rodriguez-Jimenez, F.J.; Krause, A.; Schulz, S.; Forssmann, W.G.; Conejo-Garcia, J.R.; Schreeb, R.; Motzkus, D. Distribution of new human beta-defensin genes clustered on chromosome 20 in functionally different segments of epididymis. Genomics 2003, 81, 175-183.
    • (2003) Genomics , vol.81 , pp. 175-183
    • Rodriguez-Jimenez, F.J.1    Krause, A.2    Schulz, S.3    Forssmann, W.G.4    Conejo-Garcia, J.R.5    Schreeb, R.6    Motzkus, D.7
  • 19
    • 0033865538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of human alpha- and beta-defensins mrna in gastrointestinal epithelia
    • Frye, M.; Bargon, J.; Lembcke, B.; Wagner, T.O.; Gropp, R. Differential expression of human alpha- and beta-defensins mrna in gastrointestinal epithelia. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 2000, 30, 695-701.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Clin. Investig , vol.30 , pp. 695-701
    • Frye, M.1    Bargon, J.2    Lembcke, B.3    Wagner, T.O.4    Gropp, R.5
  • 21
    • 0030569343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread expression of beta-defensin hbd-1 in human secretory glands and epithelial cells
    • Zhao, C.; Wang, I.; Lehrer, R.I. Widespread expression of beta-defensin hbd-1 in human secretory glands and epithelial cells. FEBS Lett. 1996, 396, 319-322.
    • (1996) FEBS Lett , vol.396 , pp. 319-322
    • Zhao, C.1    Wang, I.2    Lehrer, R.I.3
  • 22
    • 4644249955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nf-kappab- and ap-1-mediated induction of human beta defensin-2 in intestinal epithelial cells by Escherichia coli nissle 1917: A novel effect of a probiotic bacterium
    • Wehkamp, J.; Harder, J.; Wehkamp, K.; Wehkamp-von Meissner, B.; Schlee, M.; Enders, C.; Sonnenborn, U.; Nuding, S.; Bengmark, S.; Fellermann, K., et al. Nf-kappab- and ap-1-mediated induction of human beta defensin-2 in intestinal epithelial cells by Escherichia coli nissle 1917: A novel effect of a probiotic bacterium. Infect. Immun. 2004, 72, 5750-5758.
    • (2004) Infect. Immun , vol.72 , pp. 5750-5758
    • Wehkamp, J.1    Harder, J.2    Wehkamp, K.3    Wehkamp-Von Meissner, B.4    Schlee, M.5    Enders, C.6    Sonnenborn, U.7    Nuding, S.8    Bengmark, S.9    Fellermann, K.10
  • 23
    • 0032169557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human beta-defensin 2 is a salt-sensitive peptide antibiotic expressed in human lung
    • Bals, R.; Wang, X.; Wu, Z.; Freeman, T.; Bafna, V.; Zasloff, M.; Wilson, J.M. Human beta-defensin 2 is a salt-sensitive peptide antibiotic expressed in human lung. J. Clin. Investig. 1998, 102, 874-880.
    • (1998) J. Clin. Investig , vol.102 , pp. 874-880
    • Bals, R.1    Wang, X.2    Wu, Z.3    Freeman, T.4    Bafna, V.5    Zasloff, M.6    Wilson, J.M.7
  • 26
    • 0037371597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide action and resistance
    • Yeaman, M.R.; Yount, N.Y. Mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide action and resistance. Pharmacol. Rev. 2003, 55, 27-55.
    • (2003) Pharmacol. Rev , vol.55 , pp. 27-55
    • Yeaman, M.R.1    Yount, N.Y.2
  • 27
    • 0035919725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of the antimicrobial activity of magainin peptides by modification of charge
    • Dathe, M.; Nikolenko, H.; Meyer, J.; Beyermann, M.; Bienert, M. Optimization of the antimicrobial activity of magainin peptides by modification of charge. FEBS Lett. 2001, 501, 146-150.
    • (2001) FEBS Lett , vol.501 , pp. 146-150
    • Dathe, M.1    Nikolenko, H.2    Meyer, J.3    Beyermann, M.4    Bienert, M.5
  • 28
    • 0031819636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of poly-(l-lysine) and porin on the domain structure of mixed vesicles composed of lipopolysaccharide and phospholipid: An infrared spectroscopic study
    • Lasch, P.; Schultz, C.P.; Naumann, D. The influence of poly-(l-lysine) and porin on the domain structure of mixed vesicles composed of lipopolysaccharide and phospholipid: An infrared spectroscopic study. Biophys. J. 1998, 75, 840-852.
    • (1998) Biophys. J , vol.75 , pp. 840-852
    • Lasch, P.1    Schultz, C.P.2    Naumann, D.3
  • 29
    • 0033798839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallization of antimicrobial pores in membranes: Magainin and protegrin
    • Yang, L.; Weiss, T.M.; Lehrer, R.I.; Huang, H.W. Crystallization of antimicrobial pores in membranes: Magainin and protegrin. Biophys. J. 2000, 79, 2002-2009.
    • (2000) Biophys. J , vol.79 , pp. 2002-2009
    • Yang, L.1    Weiss, T.M.2    Lehrer, R.I.3    Huang, H.W.4
  • 30
    • 0032489294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide buforin ii: Buforin ii kills microorganisms by penetrating the cell membrane and inhibiting cellular functions
    • Park, C.B.; Kim, H.S.; Kim, S.C. Mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide buforin ii: Buforin ii kills microorganisms by penetrating the cell membrane and inhibiting cellular functions. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1998, 244, 253-257.
    • (1998) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , vol.244 , pp. 253-257
    • Park, C.B.1    Kim, H.S.2    Kim, S.C.3
  • 31
    • 0035032985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic interactions between mammalian antimicrobial defense peptides
    • Yan, H.; Hancock, R.E. Synergistic interactions between mammalian antimicrobial defense peptides. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2001, 45, 1558-1560.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 1558-1560
    • Yan, H.1    Hancock, R.E.2
  • 34
    • 0035937107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of human beta -defensin-3, a novel human inducible peptide antibiotic
    • Harder, J.; Bartels, J.; Christophers, E.; Schroder, J.M. Isolation and characterization of human beta -defensin-3, a novel human inducible peptide antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. 2001, 276, 5707-5713.
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem , vol.276 , pp. 5707-5713
    • Harder, J.1    Bartels, J.2    Christophers, E.3    Schroder, J.M.4
  • 36
    • 0035821314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal attraction evaded. How pathogenic bacteria resist cationic polypeptides
    • Ganz, T. Fatal attraction evaded. How pathogenic bacteria resist cationic polypeptides. J. Exp. Med. 2001, 193, F31-F34.
    • (2001) J. Exp. Med , vol.193
    • Ganz, T.1
  • 38
    • 77951221301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific binding and chemotactic activity of mbd4 and its functional orthologue HBD2 to CCR6-expressing cells
    • Rohrl, J.; Yang, D.; Oppenheim, J.J.; Hehlgans, T. Specific binding and chemotactic activity of mbd4 and its functional orthologue HBD2 to CCR6-expressing cells. J. Biol. Chem. 2010, 285, 7028-7034.
    • (2010) J. Biol. Chem , vol.285 , pp. 7028-7034
    • Rohrl, J.1    Yang, D.2    Oppenheim, J.J.3    Hehlgans, T.4
  • 39
    • 77953633456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human beta-defensin 2 and 3 and their mouse orthologs induce chemotaxis through interaction with CCR2
    • Rohrl, J.; Yang, D.; Oppenheim, J.J.; Hehlgans, T. Human beta-defensin 2 and 3 and their mouse orthologs induce chemotaxis through interaction with CCR2. J. Immunol. 2010, 184, 6688-6694.
    • (2010) J. Immunol , vol.184 , pp. 6688-6694
    • Rohrl, J.1    Yang, D.2    Oppenheim, J.J.3    Hehlgans, T.4
  • 42
    • 23044478089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced human beta-defensin-2 (hbd-2) expression by corticosteroids is independent of nf-kappab in colonic epithelial cells (Caco2)
    • Witthoft, T.; Pilz, C.S.; Fellermann, K.; Nitschke, M.; Stange, E.F.; Ludwig, D. Enhanced human beta-defensin-2 (hbd-2) expression by corticosteroids is independent of nf-kappab in colonic epithelial cells (Caco2). Dig. Dis. Sci. 2005, 50, 1252-1259.
    • (2005) Dig. Dis. Sci , vol.50 , pp. 1252-1259
    • Witthoft, T.1    Pilz, C.S.2    Fellermann, K.3    Nitschke, M.4    Stange, E.F.5    Ludwig, D.6
  • 45
    • 34248399194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of human beta-defensin 2 by the probiotic Escherichia coli nissle 1917 is mediated through flagellin
    • Schlee, M.; Wehkamp, J.; Altenhoefer, A.; Oelschlaeger, T.A.; Stange, E.F.; Fellermann, K. Induction of human beta-defensin 2 by the probiotic Escherichia coli nissle 1917 is mediated through flagellin. Infect. Immun. 2007, 75, 2399-2407.
    • (2007) Infect. Immun , vol.75 , pp. 2399-2407
    • Schlee, M.1    Wehkamp, J.2    Altenhoefer, A.3    Oelschlaeger, T.A.4    Stange, E.F.5    Fellermann, K.6
  • 46
    • 51249112155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dietary histone deacetylase inhibitor sulforaphane induces human beta-defensin-2 in intestinal epithelial cells
    • Schwab, M.; Reynders, V.; Loitsch, S.; Steinhilber, D.; Schroder, O.; Stein, J. The dietary histone deacetylase inhibitor sulforaphane induces human beta-defensin-2 in intestinal epithelial cells. Immunology 2008, 125, 241-251.
    • (2008) Immunology , vol.125 , pp. 241-251
    • Schwab, M.1    Reynders, V.2    Loitsch, S.3    Steinhilber, D.4    Schroder, O.5    Stein, J.6
  • 47
    • 84857861698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phospholipases and cationic peptides inhibit Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoite infectivity by parasiticidal and non-parasiticidal mechanisms
    • Carryn, S.; Schaefer, D.A.; Imboden, M.; Homan, E.J.; Bremel, R.D.; Riggs, M.W. Phospholipases and cationic peptides inhibit Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoite infectivity by parasiticidal and non-parasiticidal mechanisms. J. Parasitol. 2012, 98, 199-204.
    • (2012) J. Parasitol , vol.98 , pp. 199-204
    • Carryn, S.1    Schaefer, D.A.2    Imboden, M.3    Homan, E.J.4    Bremel, R.D.5    Riggs, M.W.6
  • 48
    • 15644370080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enteric beta-defensin: Molecular cloning and characterization of a gene with inducible intestinal epithelial cell expression associated with Cryptosporidium parvum infection
    • Tarver, A.P.; Clark, D.P.; Diamond, G.; Russell, J.P.; Erdjument-Bromage, H.; Tempst, P.; Cohen, K.S.; Jones, D.E.; Sweeney, R.W.; Wines, M., et al. Enteric beta-defensin: Molecular cloning and characterization of a gene with inducible intestinal epithelial cell expression associated with Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Infect. Immun. 1998, 66, 1045-1056.
    • (1998) Infect. Immun , vol.66 , pp. 1045-1056
    • Tarver, A.P.1    Clark, D.P.2    Diamond, G.3    Russell, J.P.4    Erdjument-Bromage, H.5    Tempst, P.6    Cohen, K.S.7    Jones, D.E.8    Sweeney, R.W.9    Wines, M.10
  • 49
    • 0033371989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary observations on the intestinal pathology of mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • Nyakundi, J.N.; Pentreath, V.W. Preliminary observations on the intestinal pathology of mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1999, 93, 628-630.
    • (1999) Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg , vol.93 , pp. 628-630
    • Nyakundi, J.N.1    Pentreath, V.W.2
  • 50
    • 0027945728 scopus 로고
    • Killing of Giardia lamblia by cryptdins and cationic neutrophil peptides
    • Aley, S.B.; Zimmerman, M.; Hetsko, M.; Selsted, M.E.; Gillin, F.D. Killing of Giardia lamblia by cryptdins and cationic neutrophil peptides. Infect. Immun. 1994, 62, 5397-5403.
    • (1994) Infect. Immun , vol.62 , pp. 5397-5403
    • Aley, S.B.1    Zimmerman, M.2    Hetsko, M.3    Selsted, M.E.4    Gillin, F.D.5
  • 51
    • 18744411556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oesophageal defensin expression during candida infection and reflux disease
    • Kiehne, K.; Brunke, G.; Meyer, D.; Harder, J.; Herzig, K.H. Oesophageal defensin expression during candida infection and reflux disease. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2005, 40, 501-507.
    • (2005) Scand. J. Gastroenterol , vol.40 , pp. 501-507
    • Kiehne, K.1    Brunke, G.2    Meyer, D.3    Harder, J.4    Herzig, K.H.5
  • 53
    • 67650069160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expression of the beta-defensins hbd-2 and hbd-3 is differentially regulated by NF-kappab and MAPK/AP-1 pathways in an in vitro model of candida esophagitis
    • Steubesand, N.; Kiehne, K.; Brunke, G.; Pahl, R.; Reiss, K.; Herzig, K.H.; Schubert, S.; Schreiber, S.; Folsch, U.R.; Rosenstiel, P., et al. The expression of the beta-defensins hbd-2 and hbd-3 is differentially regulated by NF-kappab and MAPK/AP-1 pathways in an in vitro model of candida esophagitis. BMC Immunol. 2009, 10, 36.
    • (2009) BMC Immunol , vol.10 , pp. 36
    • Steubesand, N.1    Kiehne, K.2    Brunke, G.3    Pahl, R.4    Reiss, K.5    Herzig, K.H.6    Schubert, S.7    Schreiber, S.8    Folsch, U.R.9    Rosenstiel, P.10
  • 54
    • 84863303002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial activities of recombinant mouse beta-defensin 3 and its synergy with antibiotics
    • Jiang, Y.; Yi, X.; Li, M.; Wang, T.; Qi, T.; She, X. Antimicrobial activities of recombinant mouse beta-defensin 3 and its synergy with antibiotics. J. Mater. Sci. 2012, 23, 1723-1728.
    • (2012) J. Mater. Sci , vol.23 , pp. 1723-1728
    • Jiang, Y.1    Yi, X.2    Li, M.3    Wang, T.4    Qi, T.5    She, X.6
  • 56
    • 59449101520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for antimicrobial peptides in intestinal microsporidiosis
    • Leitch, G.J.; Ceballos, C. A role for antimicrobial peptides in intestinal microsporidiosis. Parasitology 2009, 136, 175-181.
    • (2009) Parasitology , vol.136 , pp. 175-181
    • Leitch, G.J.1    Ceballos, C.2
  • 57
    • 44649117522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human alpha-defensins inhibit clostridium difficile toxin b
    • Giesemann, T.; Guttenberg, G.; Aktories, K. Human alpha-defensins inhibit clostridium difficile toxin b. Gastroenterology 2008, 134, 2049-2058.
    • (2008) Gastroenterology , vol.134 , pp. 2049-2058
    • Giesemann, T.1    Guttenberg, G.2    Aktories, K.3
  • 59
    • 43549114552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulent shigella flexneri subverts the host innate immune response through manipulation of antimicrobial peptide gene expression
    • Sperandio, B.; Regnault, B.; Guo, J.; Zhang, Z.; Stanley, S.L., Jr.; Sansonetti, P.J.; Pedron, T. Virulent shigella flexneri subverts the host innate immune response through manipulation of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J. Exp. Med. 2008, 205, 1121-1132.
    • (2008) J. Exp. Med , vol.205 , pp. 1121-1132
    • Sperandio, B.1    Regnault, B.2    Guo, J.3    Zhang, Z.4    Stanley Jr., S.L.5    Sansonetti, P.J.6    Pedron, T.7
  • 60
    • 59649121998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunobiology of human cytomegalovirus: From bench to bedside
    • Crough, T.; Khanna, R. Immunobiology of human cytomegalovirus: From bench to bedside. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2009, 22, 76-98.
    • (2009) Clin. Microbiol. Rev , vol.22 , pp. 76-98
    • Crough, T.1    Khanna, R.2
  • 61
    • 84870908063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus colitis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with a normal cd4 count
    • Paparone, P.P.; Paparone, P.A. Cytomegalovirus colitis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with a normal cd4 count. Am. J. Med. Sci. 2012, 344, 508-510.
    • (2012) Am. J. Med. Sci , vol.344 , pp. 508-510
    • Paparone, P.P.1    Paparone, P.A.2
  • 62
    • 0026072104 scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus colitis in aids: Presentation in 44 patients and a review of the literature
    • Dieterich, D.T.; Rahmin, M. Cytomegalovirus colitis in aids: Presentation in 44 patients and a review of the literature. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 1991, 4 Suppl 1, S29-S35.
    • (1991) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr , Issue.4 SUPPL. 1
    • Dieterich, D.T.1    Rahmin, M.2
  • 63
    • 77951620428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: Pathogen or innocent bystander
    • Lawlor, G.; Moss, A.C. Cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: Pathogen or innocent bystander? Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 2010, 16, 1620-1627.
    • (2010) Inflamm. Bowel Dis , vol.16 , pp. 1620-1627
    • Lawlor, G.1    Moss, A.C.2
  • 64
    • 84864538383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-talk between virus and host innate immunity in pediatric HIV-1 infection and disease progression
    • Freguja, R.; Gianesin, K.; Zanchetta, M.; de Rossi, A. Cross-talk between virus and host innate immunity in pediatric HIV-1 infection and disease progression. New Microbiol. 2012, 35, 249-257.
    • (2012) New Microbiol , vol.35 , pp. 249-257
    • Freguja, R.1    Gianesin, K.2    Zanchetta, M.3    de Rossi, A.4
  • 66
    • 35348903449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leukotriene b4-mediated release of antimicrobial peptides against cytomegalovirus is blt1 dependent
    • Gaudreault, E.; Gosselin, J. Leukotriene b4-mediated release of antimicrobial peptides against cytomegalovirus is blt1 dependent. Viral Immunol. 2007, 20, 407-420.
    • (2007) Viral Immunol , vol.20 , pp. 407-420
    • Gaudreault, E.1    Gosselin, J.2
  • 69
    • 84875273404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of HIV peptide antigen specific cellular immune response by synthetic alpha- and beta-defensin peptides
    • Corrected proof in press
    • Mohan, T.; Sharma, C.; Bhat, A.A.; Rao, D.N. Modulation of HIV peptide antigen specific cellular immune response by synthetic alpha- and beta-defensin peptides. Vaccine 2013, Corrected proof in press.
    • (2013) Vaccine
    • Mohan, T.1    Sharma, C.2    Bhat, A.A.3    Rao, D.N.4
  • 70
    • 33644849605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nod2/card15 mediates induction of the antimicrobial peptide human beta-defensin-2
    • Voss, E.; Wehkamp, J.; Wehkamp, K.; Stange, E.F.; Schroder, J.M.; Harder, J. Nod2/card15 mediates induction of the antimicrobial peptide human beta-defensin-2. J. Biol. Chem. 2006, 281, 2005-2011.
    • (2006) J. Biol. Chem , vol.281 , pp. 2005-2011
    • Voss, E.1    Wehkamp, J.2    Wehkamp, K.3    Stange, E.F.4    Schroder, J.M.5    Harder, J.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.