메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 4837-4855

The growth hormone secretagogue receptor: Its intracellular signaling and regulation

Author keywords

AMPK; Constitutive activity; Ghrelin receptor; Intracellular signaling; MAPK; mTOR; PI3K

Indexed keywords

ADENYLATE CYCLASE INHIBITOR; CYCLIC AMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; GHRELIN RECEPTOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE KINASE; INOSITOL 1, 4, 5 TRISPHOSPHATE; INSULIN RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE 1; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PHOSPHOLIPASE C; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; GHRELIN; GROWTH HORMONE; ISOPROTEIN;

EID: 84896460683     PISSN: 16616596     EISSN: 14220067     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijms15034837     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (111)

References (85)
  • 3
    • 0032444392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP)
    • Bowers, C.Y. Growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP). Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 1998, 54, 1316-1329.
    • (1998) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 1316-1329
    • Bowers, C.Y.1
  • 4
    • 27144468685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developments in ghrelin biology and potential clinical relevance
    • Smith, R.G.; Jiang, H.; Sun, Y. Developments in ghrelin biology and potential clinical relevance. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 2005, 16, 436-442.
    • (2005) Trends Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.16 , pp. 436-442
    • Smith, R.G.1    Jiang, H.2    Sun, Y.3
  • 5
    • 0033540056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach
    • Kojima, M.; Hosoda, H.; Date, Y.; Nakazato, M.; Matsuo, H.; Kangawa, K. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature 1999, 402, 656-660.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 656-660
    • Kojima, M.1    Hosoda, H.2    Date, Y.3    Nakazato, M.4    Matsuo, H.5    Kangawa, K.6
  • 6
    • 33747625691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological, physiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin
    • Hosoda, H.; Kojima, M.; Kangawa, K. Biological, physiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 2006, 100, 398-410.
    • (2006) J. Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.100 , pp. 398-410
    • Hosoda, H.1    Kojima, M.2    Kangawa, K.3
  • 7
    • 1842480284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin stimulation of growth hormone release and appetite is mediated through the growth hormone secretagogue receptor
    • Sun, Y.; Wang, P.; Zheng, H.; Smith, R.G. Ghrelin stimulation of growth hormone release and appetite is mediated through the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004, 101, 4679-4684.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 4679-4684
    • Sun, Y.1    Wang, P.2    Zheng, H.3    Smith, R.G.4
  • 11
    • 4444289166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin enhances the growth of cultured human adrenal zona glomerulosa cells by exerting MAPK-mediated proliferogenic and antiapoptotic effects
    • Mazzocchi, G.; Neri, G.; Rucinski, M.; Rebuffat, P.; Spinazzi, R.; Malendowicz, L.K.; Nussdorfer, G.G. Ghrelin enhances the growth of cultured human adrenal zona glomerulosa cells by exerting MAPK-mediated proliferogenic and antiapoptotic effects. Peptides 2004, 25, 1269-1277.
    • (2004) Peptides , vol.25 , pp. 1269-1277
    • Mazzocchi, G.1    Neri, G.2    Rucinski, M.3    Rebuffat, P.4    Spinazzi, R.5    Malendowicz, L.K.6    Nussdorfer, G.G.7
  • 14
    • 33746583963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin amplifies dopamine signaling by cross talk involving formation of growth hormone secretagogue receptor/dopamine receptor subtype 1 heterodimers
    • Jiang, H.; Betancourt, L.; Smith, R.G. Ghrelin amplifies dopamine signaling by cross talk involving formation of growth hormone secretagogue receptor/dopamine receptor subtype 1 heterodimers. Mol. Endocrinol. 2006, 20, 1772-1785.
    • (2006) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.20 , pp. 1772-1785
    • Jiang, H.1    Betancourt, L.2    Smith, R.G.3
  • 15
    • 0034998144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic structure and transcriptional regulation of the human growth hormone secretagogue receptor
    • 2649-2459
    • Petersenn, S.; Rasch, A.C.; Penshorn, M.; Beil, F.U.; Schulte, H.M. Genomic structure and transcriptional regulation of the human growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Endocrinology 2001, 142, 2649-2459.
    • (2001) Endocrinology , vol.142
    • Petersenn, S.1    Rasch, A.C.2    Penshorn, M.3    Beil, F.U.4    Schulte, H.M.5
  • 17
    • 0033118334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors: An evolutionary success
    • Bockaert, J.; Pin, J.P. Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors: An evolutionary success. EMBO J. 1999, 18, 1723-1729.
    • (1999) EMBO J. , vol.18 , pp. 1723-1729
    • Bockaert, J.1    Pin, J.P.2
  • 18
    • 33744814084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of human ghrelin receptor (hGHS-R1a) model using a fragmental prediction approach and validation through docking analysis
    • Pedretti, A.; Villa, M.; Pallavicini, M.; Valoti, E.; Vistoli, G. Construction of human ghrelin receptor (hGHS-R1a) model using a fragmental prediction approach and validation through docking analysis. J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 3077-3085.
    • (2006) J. Med. Chem. , vol.49 , pp. 3077-3085
    • Pedretti, A.1    Villa, M.2    Pallavicini, M.3    Valoti, E.4    Vistoli, G.5
  • 20
    • 0036977178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and regulation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor
    • Petersenn, S. Structure and regulation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Minerva Endocrinol. 2002, 27, 243-256.
    • (2002) Minerva Endocrinol. , vol.27 , pp. 243-256
    • Petersenn, S.1
  • 23
    • 33847716287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Over-expression of the truncated ghrelin receptor polypeptide attenuates the constitutive activation of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C by ghrelin receptors but has no effect on ghrelin-stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activity
    • Chu, K.M.; Chow, K.B.; Leung, P.K.; Lau, P.N.; Chan, C.B.; Cheng, C.H.; Wise, H. Over-expression of the truncated ghrelin receptor polypeptide attenuates the constitutive activation of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C by ghrelin receptors but has no effect on ghrelin-stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activity. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 2007, 39, 752-64.
    • (2007) Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. , vol.39 , pp. 752-764
    • Chu, K.M.1    Chow, K.B.2    Leung, P.K.3    Lau, P.N.4    Chan, C.B.5    Cheng, C.H.6    Wise, H.7
  • 24
    • 33747603675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin receptor inverse agonists: Identification of an active peptide core and its interaction epitopes on the receptor
    • Holst, B.; Lang, M.; Brandt, E.; Bach, A.; Howard, A.; Frimurer, T.M.; Beck-Sickinger, A.; Schwartz, T.W. Ghrelin receptor inverse agonists: Identification of an active peptide core and its interaction epitopes on the receptor. Mol. Pharm. 2006, 70, 936-946.
    • (2006) Mol. Pharm. , vol.70 , pp. 936-946
    • Holst, B.1    Lang, M.2    Brandt, E.3    Bach, A.4    Howard, A.5    Frimurer, T.M.6    Beck-Sickinger, A.7    Schwartz, T.W.8
  • 26
    • 0242330291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High constitutive signaling of the ghrelin receptor-Identification of a potent inverse agonist
    • Holst, B.; Cygankiewicz, A.; Jensen, T.H.; Ankersen, M.; Schwartz, T.W. High constitutive signaling of the ghrelin receptor-Identification of a potent inverse agonist. Mol. Endocrinol. 2003, 17, 2201-2210.
    • (2003) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.17 , pp. 2201-2210
    • Holst, B.1    Cygankiewicz, A.2    Jensen, T.H.3    Ankersen, M.4    Schwartz, T.W.5
  • 27
    • 78650176430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of predicted extracellular domains of human growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a
    • Ueda, T.; Matsuura, B.; Miyake, T.; Furukawa, S.; Abe, M.; Hiasa, Y.; Onji, M. Mutational analysis of predicted extracellular domains of human growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a. Regul. Pept. 2011, 166, 28-35.
    • (2011) Regul. Pept. , vol.166 , pp. 28-35
    • Ueda, T.1    Matsuura, B.2    Miyake, T.3    Furukawa, S.4    Abe, M.5    Hiasa, Y.6    Onji, M.7
  • 31
    • 0025375886 scopus 로고
    • Two types of voltage-dependent calcium current in rat somatotrophs are reduced by somatostatin
    • Chen, C.; Zhang, J.; Vincent, J.D.; Israel, J.M. Two types of voltage-dependent calcium current in rat somatotrophs are reduced by somatostatin. J. Physiol. 1990, 425, 29-42.
    • (1990) J. Physiol. , vol.425 , pp. 29-42
    • Chen, C.1    Zhang, J.2    Vincent, J.D.3    Israel, J.M.4
  • 32
    • 0037382853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ signaling via protein kinase A and N-type channel-dependent mechanisms and cross-talk with leptin and orexin
    • 2+ signaling via protein kinase A and N-type channel-dependent mechanisms and cross-talk with leptin and orexin. Diabetes 2003, 52, 948-956.
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 948-956
    • Kohno, D.1    Gao, H.Z.2    Muroya, S.3    Kikuyama, S.4    Yada, T.5
  • 33
    • 0442293404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agonist-specific coupling of growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a to different intracellular signaling systems. Role of adenosine
    • Carreira, M.C.; Camina, J.P.; Smith, R.G.; Casanueva, F.F. Agonist-specific coupling of growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a to different intracellular signaling systems. Role of adenosine. Neuroendocrinology 2004, 79, 13-25.
    • (2004) Neuroendocrinology , vol.79 , pp. 13-25
    • Carreira, M.C.1    Camina, J.P.2    Smith, R.G.3    Casanueva, F.F.4
  • 34
    • 0024412624 scopus 로고
    • 2 on growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor-stimulated GH release and intracellular adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation in rat primary pituitary cell culture
    • 2 on growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor-stimulated GH release and intracellular adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation in rat primary pituitary cell culture. Endocrinology 1989, 124, 2791-2798.
    • (1989) Endocrinology , vol.124 , pp. 2791-2798
    • Cheng, K.1    Chan, W.W.2    Barreto Jr., A.3    Convey, E.M.4    Smith, R.G.5
  • 37
    • 10944247187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway-New players upstream and downstream
    • Hardie, D.G. The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway-New players upstream and downstream. J. Cell Sci. 2004, 117, 5479-5487.
    • (2004) J. Cell Sci. , vol.117 , pp. 5479-5487
    • Hardie, D.G.1
  • 40
    • 84883612221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin protects heart against ERS-induced injury and apoptosis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase
    • Zhang, G.G.; Cai, H.Q.; Li, Y.H.; Sui, Y.B.; Zhang, J.S.; Chang, J.R.; Ning, M.; Wu, Y.; Tang, C.S.; Qi, Y.F.; et al. Ghrelin protects heart against ERS-induced injury and apoptosis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Peptides 2013, 48, 156-165.
    • (2013) Peptides , vol.48 , pp. 156-165
    • Zhang, G.G.1    Cai, H.Q.2    Li, Y.H.3    Sui, Y.B.4    Zhang, J.S.5    Chang, J.R.6    Ning, M.7    Wu, Y.8    Tang, C.S.9    Qi, Y.F.10
  • 41
    • 84874771458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease: Molecular mechanisms of metabolic neuroprotection
    • Bayliss, J.A.; Andrews, Z.B. Ghrelin is neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease: Molecular mechanisms of metabolic neuroprotection. Ther. Adv. Endocrinol. Metab. 2013, 4, 25-36.
    • (2013) Ther. Adv. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.4 , pp. 25-36
    • Bayliss, J.A.1    Andrews, Z.B.2
  • 42
    • 84895822395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin contributes to protection of hepatocellular injury induced by ischaemia/reperfusion
    • doi:10.1111/liv.12286
    • Qin, Y.; Li, Z.; Wang, Z.; Li, Y.; Zhao, J.; Mulholland, M.; Zhang, W. Ghrelin contributes to protection of hepatocellular injury induced by ischaemia/reperfusion. Liver Int. 2013, doi:10.1111/liv.12286.
    • (2013) Liver Int.
    • Qin, Y.1    Li, Z.2    Wang, Z.3    Li, Y.4    Zhao, J.5    Mulholland, M.6    Zhang, W.7
  • 45
    • 79952218009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin inhibits AGEs-induced apoptosis in human endothelial cells involving ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathways
    • Xiang, Y.; Li, Q.; Li, M.; Wang, W.; Cui, C.; Zhang, J. Ghrelin inhibits AGEs-induced apoptosis in human endothelial cells involving ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathways. Cell Biochem. Funct. 2011, 29, 149-155.
    • (2011) Cell Biochem. Funct. , vol.29 , pp. 149-155
    • Xiang, Y.1    Li, Q.2    Li, M.3    Wang, W.4    Cui, C.5    Zhang, J.6
  • 48
    • 70350418625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • mTOR signaling at a glance
    • Laplante, M.; Sabatini, D.M. mTOR signaling at a glance. J. Cell Sci. 2009, 122, 3589-3594.
    • (2009) J. Cell Sci. , vol.122 , pp. 3589-3594
    • Laplante, M.1    Sabatini, D.M.2
  • 50
    • 84883811306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin induces cardiac lineage differentiation of human embryonic stem cells through ERK1/2 pathway
    • Gao, M.; Yang, J.; Wei, R.; Liu, G.; Zhang, L.; Wang, H.; Wang, G.; Gao, H.; Chen, G.; Hong, T. Ghrelin induces cardiac lineage differentiation of human embryonic stem cells through ERK1/2 pathway. Int. J. Cardiol. 2013, 167, 2724-2733.
    • (2013) Int. J. Cardiol. , vol.167 , pp. 2724-2733
    • Gao, M.1    Yang, J.2    Wei, R.3    Liu, G.4    Zhang, L.5    Wang, H.6    Wang, G.7    Gao, H.8    Chen, G.9    Hong, T.10
  • 51
    • 0033305064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH) and the GH secretagogue (GHS), L692,585, differentially modulate rat pituitary GHS receptor and GHRH receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels
    • Kineman, R.D.; Kamegai, J.; Frohman, L.A. Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH) and the GH secretagogue (GHS), L692,585, differentially modulate rat pituitary GHS receptor and GHRH receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels. Endocrinology 1999, 140, 3581-3586.
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 3581-3586
    • Kineman, R.D.1    Kamegai, J.2    Frohman, L.A.3
  • 52
    • 0034455305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High plasma growth hormone (GH) levels inhibit expression of GH secretagogue receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the rat pituitary
    • Nass, R.; Gilrain, J.; Anderson, S.; Gaylinn, B.; Dalkin, A.; Day, R.; Peruggia, M.; Thorner, M.O. High plasma growth hormone (GH) levels inhibit expression of GH secretagogue receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the rat pituitary. Endocrinology 2000, 141, 2084-2089.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 2084-2089
    • Nass, R.1    Gilrain, J.2    Anderson, S.3    Gaylinn, B.4    Dalkin, A.5    Day, R.6    Peruggia, M.7    Thorner, M.O.8
  • 54
    • 0032545288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and characterization of the 5'-flanking region of the human growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene
    • Kaji, H.; Tai, S.; Okimura, Y.; Iguchi, G.; Takahashi, Y.; Abe, H.; Chihara, K. Cloning and characterization of the 5'-flanking region of the human growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene. J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273, 33885-33888.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 33885-33888
    • Kaji, H.1    Tai, S.2    Okimura, Y.3    Iguchi, G.4    Takahashi, Y.5    Abe, H.6    Chihara, K.7
  • 55
    • 1542270306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of GHRH and GHRP-2 treatment in vitro on GH secretion and levels of GH, pituitary transcription factor-1, GHRH-receptor, GH-secretagogue-receptor and somatostatin receptor mRNAs in ovine pituitary cells
    • Yan, M.; Hernandez, M.; Xu, R.; Chen, C. Effect of GHRH and GHRP-2 treatment in vitro on GH secretion and levels of GH, pituitary transcription factor-1, GHRH-receptor, GH-secretagogue-receptor and somatostatin receptor mRNAs in ovine pituitary cells. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2004, 150, 235-242.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Endocrinol. , vol.150 , pp. 235-242
    • Yan, M.1    Hernandez, M.2    Xu, R.3    Chen, C.4
  • 56
    • 0029155899 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1/Pit-1 messenger ribonucleic acid levels by growth hormone-secretagogues in rat anterior pituitary cells in monolayer culture
    • Soto, J.L.; Castrillo, J.L.; Dominguez, F.; Dieguez, C. Regulation of the pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1/Pit-1 messenger ribonucleic acid levels by growth hormone-secretagogues in rat anterior pituitary cells in monolayer culture. Endocrinology 1995, 136, 3863-3870.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 3863-3870
    • Soto, J.L.1    Castrillo, J.L.2    Dominguez, F.3    Dieguez, C.4
  • 57
    • 3042647290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homologous and heterologous regulation of pituitary receptors for ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone
    • Luque, R.M.; Kineman, R.D.; Park, S.; Peng, X.D.; Gracia-Navarro, F.; Castano, J.P.; Malagon, M.M. Homologous and heterologous regulation of pituitary receptors for ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 2004, 145, 3182-3189.
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , pp. 3182-3189
    • Luque, R.M.1    Kineman, R.D.2    Park, S.3    Peng, X.D.4    Gracia-Navarro, F.5    Castano, J.P.6    Malagon, M.M.7
  • 58
    • 0035101104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormones regulate pituitary growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene expression
    • Kamegai, J.; Tamura, H.; Ishii, S.; Sugihara, H.; Wakabayashi, I. Thyroid hormones regulate pituitary growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene expression. J. Neuroendocrinol. 2001, 13, 275-278.
    • (2001) J. Neuroendocrinol. , vol.13 , pp. 275-278
    • Kamegai, J.1    Tamura, H.2    Ishii, S.3    Sugihara, H.4    Wakabayashi, I.5
  • 60
    • 0034502899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmentally and regionally regulated expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor mRNA in rat brain and pituitary gland
    • Katayama, M.; Nogami, H.; Nishiyama, J.; Kawase, T.; Kawamura, K. Developmentally and regionally regulated expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor mRNA in rat brain and pituitary gland. Neuroendocrinology 2000, 72, 333-340.
    • (2000) Neuroendocrinology , vol.72 , pp. 333-340
    • Katayama, M.1    Nogami, H.2    Nishiyama, J.3    Kawase, T.4    Kawamura, K.5
  • 61
  • 62
    • 0035101758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo and in vitro effects of ghrelin/motilin-related peptide on growth hormone secretion in the rat
    • Tolle, V.; Zizzari, P.; Tomasetto, C.; Rio, M.C.; Epelbaum, J.; Bluet-Pajot, M.T. In vivo and in vitro effects of ghrelin/motilin-related peptide on growth hormone secretion in the rat. Neuroendocrinology 2001, 73, 54-61.
    • (2001) Neuroendocrinology , vol.73 , pp. 54-61
    • Tolle, V.1    Zizzari, P.2    Tomasetto, C.3    Rio, M.C.4    Epelbaum, J.5    Bluet-Pajot, M.T.6
  • 63
    • 36849039489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of constitutive activity and arrestin-independent mechanisms for intracellular trafficking of the ghrelin receptor
    • Holliday, N.D.; Holst, B.; Rodionova, E.A.; Schwartz, T.W.; Cox, H.M. Importance of constitutive activity and arrestin-independent mechanisms for intracellular trafficking of the ghrelin receptor. Mol. Endocrinol. 2007, 21, 3100-3112.
    • (2007) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.21 , pp. 3100-3112
    • Holliday, N.D.1    Holst, B.2    Rodionova, E.A.3    Schwartz, T.W.4    Cox, H.M.5
  • 65
    • 80755132266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The truncated ghrelin receptor polypeptide (GHS-R1b) is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum where it forms heterodimers with ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1a) to attenuate their cell surface expression
    • Chow, K.B.; Sun, J.; Chu, K.M.; Tai, C.W.; Cheng, C.H.; Wise, H. The truncated ghrelin receptor polypeptide (GHS-R1b) is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum where it forms heterodimers with ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1a) to attenuate their cell surface expression. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2012, 348, 247-254.
    • (2012) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. , vol.348 , pp. 247-254
    • Chow, K.B.1    Sun, J.2    Chu, K.M.3    Tai, C.W.4    Cheng, C.H.5    Wise, H.6
  • 66
    • 34147153317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenosine is not a direct GHSR agonist-Artificial cross-talk between GHSR and adenosine receptor pathways
    • Hermansson, N.O.; Morgan, D.G.; Drmota, T.; Larsson, N. Adenosine is not a direct GHSR agonist-Artificial cross-talk between GHSR and adenosine receptor pathways. Acta Physiol. (Oxf.) 2007, 190, 77-86.
    • (2007) Acta Physiol. (Oxf.) , vol.190 , pp. 77-86
    • Hermansson, N.O.1    Morgan, D.G.2    Drmota, T.3    Larsson, N.4
  • 68
    • 84863010954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apo-ghrelin receptor forms heteromers with DRD2 in hypothalamic neurons and is essential for anorexigenic effects of DRD2 agonism
    • Kern, A.; Albarran-Zeckler, R.; Walsh, H.E.; Smith, R.G. Apo-ghrelin receptor forms heteromers with DRD2 in hypothalamic neurons and is essential for anorexigenic effects of DRD2 agonism. Neuron 2012, 73, 317-332.
    • (2012) Neuron , vol.73 , pp. 317-332
    • Kern, A.1    Albarran-Zeckler, R.2    Walsh, H.E.3    Smith, R.G.4
  • 69
    • 84872064517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promiscuous dimerization of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) attenuates ghrelin-mediated signaling
    • Schellekens, H.; van Oeffelen, W.E.; Dinan, T.G.; Cryan, J.F. Promiscuous dimerization of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) attenuates ghrelin-mediated signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 2013, 288, 181-191.
    • (2013) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.288 , pp. 181-191
    • Schellekens, H.1    van Oeffelen, W.E.2    Dinan, T.G.3    Cryan, J.F.4
  • 70
    • 73649109875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the ghrelin receptor is described by a privileged collective motion: A model for constitutive and agonist-induced activation of a sub-class A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)
    • Floquet, N.; M'Kadmi, C.; Perahia, D.; Gagne, D.; Berge, G.; Marie, J.; Baneres, J.L.; Galleyrand, J.C.; Fehrentz, J.A.; Martinez, J. Activation of the ghrelin receptor is described by a privileged collective motion: A model for constitutive and agonist-induced activation of a sub-class A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). J. Mol. Biol. 2010, 395, 769-784.
    • (2010) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.395 , pp. 769-784
    • Floquet, N.1    M'Kadmi, C.2    Perahia, D.3    Gagne, D.4    Berge, G.5    Marie, J.6    Baneres, J.L.7    Galleyrand, J.C.8    Fehrentz, J.A.9    Martinez, J.10
  • 71
    • 11144225093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common structural basis for constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor family
    • Holst, B.; Holliday, N.D.; Bach, A.; Elling, C.E.; Cox, H.M.; Schwartz, T.W. Common structural basis for constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor family. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279, 53806-53817.
    • (2004) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.279 , pp. 53806-53817
    • Holst, B.1    Holliday, N.D.2    Bach, A.3    Elling, C.E.4    Cox, H.M.5    Schwartz, T.W.6
  • 72
    • 84866314090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of constitutive activity and signaling bias of the ghrelin receptor by conformational constraint in the second extracellular loop
    • Mokrosinski, J.; Frimurer, T.M.; Sivertsen, B.; Schwartz, T.W.; Holst, B. Modulation of constitutive activity and signaling bias of the ghrelin receptor by conformational constraint in the second extracellular loop. J. Biol. Chem. 2012, 287, 33488-33502.
    • (2012) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.287 , pp. 33488-33502
    • Mokrosinski, J.1    Frimurer, T.M.2    Sivertsen, B.3    Schwartz, T.W.4    Holst, B.5
  • 73
    • 0028923418 scopus 로고
    • The growth hormone secretagogue, L-692,429, induces phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and hormone secretion by human pituitary tumors
    • Adams, E.F.; Petersen, B.; Lei, T.; Buchfelder, M.; Fahlbusch, R. The growth hormone secretagogue, L-692,429, induces phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and hormone secretion by human pituitary tumors. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1995, 208, 555-561.
    • (1995) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.208 , pp. 555-561
    • Adams, E.F.1    Petersen, B.2    Lei, T.3    Buchfelder, M.4    Fahlbusch, R.5
  • 74
    • 0028923415 scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone releasing peptide (GHRP-6) stimulates phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover in human pituitary somatotroph cells
    • Lei, T.; Buchfelder, M.; Fahlbusch, R.; Adams, E.F. Growth hormone releasing peptide (GHRP-6) stimulates phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover in human pituitary somatotroph cells. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 1995, 14, 135-138.
    • (1995) J. Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.14 , pp. 135-138
    • Lei, T.1    Buchfelder, M.2    Fahlbusch, R.3    Adams, E.F.4
  • 75
    • 0029947291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction systems employed by synthetic GH-releasing peptides in somatotrophs
    • Chen, C.; Wu, D.; Clarke, I.J. Signal transduction systems employed by synthetic GH-releasing peptides in somatotrophs. J. Endocrinol. 1996, 148, 381-386.
    • (1996) J. Endocrinol. , vol.148 , pp. 381-386
    • Chen, C.1    Wu, D.2    Clarke, I.J.3
  • 76
    • 0027981633 scopus 로고
    • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase types II and IV differentially regulate CREB-dependent gene expression
    • Matthews, R.P.; Guthrie, C.R.; Wailes, L.M.; Zhao, X.; Means, A.R.; McKnight, G.S. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase types II and IV differentially regulate CREB-dependent gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1994, 14, 6107-6116.
    • (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 6107-6116
    • Matthews, R.P.1    Guthrie, C.R.2    Wailes, L.M.3    Zhao, X.4    Means, A.R.5    McKnight, G.S.6
  • 77
    • 0035490104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexosamine-induced fibronectin protein synthesis in mesangial cells is associated with increases in cAMP responsive element binding (CREB) phosphorylation and nuclear CREB: The involvement of protein kinases A and C
    • Singh, L.P.; Andy, J.; Anyamale, V.; Greene, K.; Alexander, M.; Crook, E.D. Hexosamine-induced fibronectin protein synthesis in mesangial cells is associated with increases in cAMP responsive element binding (CREB) phosphorylation and nuclear CREB: The involvement of protein kinases A and C. Diabetes 2001, 50, 2355-2362.
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 2355-2362
    • Singh, L.P.1    Andy, J.2    Anyamale, V.3    Greene, K.4    Alexander, M.5    Crook, E.D.6
  • 79
    • 10744222895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin receptor gene: Identification of several sequence variants in extremely obese children and adolescents, healthy normal-weight and underweight students, and children with short normal stature
    • Wang, H.J.; Geller, F.; Dempfle, A.; Schauble, N.; Friedel, S.; Lichtner, P.; Fontenla-Horro, F.; Wudy, S.; Hagemann, S.; Gortner, L.; et al. Ghrelin receptor gene: identification of several sequence variants in extremely obese children and adolescents, healthy normal-weight and underweight students, and children with short normal stature. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2004, 89, 157-162.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.89 , pp. 157-162
    • Wang, H.J.1    Geller, F.2    Dempfle, A.3    Schauble, N.4    Friedel, S.5    Lichtner, P.6    Fontenla-Horro, F.7    Wudy, S.8    Hagemann, S.9    Gortner, L.10
  • 80
    • 33644658516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin receptor mutations-Too little height and too much hunger
    • Holst, B.; Schwartz, T.W. Ghrelin receptor mutations-Too little height and too much hunger. J. Clin. Investig. 2006, 116, 637-641.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Investig. , vol.116 , pp. 637-641
    • Holst, B.1    Schwartz, T.W.2
  • 83
    • 84859516159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) knockout mice exhibit improved spatial memory and deficits in contextual memory
    • Albarran-Zeckler, R.G.; Brantley, A.F.; Smith, R.G. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) knockout mice exhibit improved spatial memory and deficits in contextual memory. Behav. Brain Res. 2012, 232, 13-19.
    • (2012) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.232 , pp. 13-19
    • Albarran-Zeckler, R.G.1    Brantley, A.F.2    Smith, R.G.3
  • 84
    • 79952483790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling through the ghrelin receptor modulates hippocampal function and meal anticipation in mice
    • Davis, J.F.; Choi, D.L.; Clegg, D.J.; Benoit, S.C. Signaling through the ghrelin receptor modulates hippocampal function and meal anticipation in mice. Physiol. Behav. 2011, 103, 39-43.
    • (2011) Physiol. Behav. , vol.103 , pp. 39-43
    • Davis, J.F.1    Choi, D.L.2    Clegg, D.J.3    Benoit, S.C.4
  • 85
    • 84855976058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired wake-promoting mechanisms in ghrelin receptor-deficient mice
    • Esposito, M.; Pellinen, J.; Kapas, L.; Szentirmai, E. Impaired wake-promoting mechanisms in ghrelin receptor-deficient mice. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2012, 35, 233-243.
    • (2012) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.35 , pp. 233-243
    • Esposito, M.1    Pellinen, J.2    Kapas, L.3    Szentirmai, E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.