메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 42-47

Disease consequences of human adaptation

Author keywords

Adaptation; Evolution; Health; Hitchhiking; Trade offs

Indexed keywords

CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR5; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN; SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 4;

EID: 84890137202     PISSN: 22120661     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atg.2013.08.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (14)

References (88)
  • 2
    • 65149103048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constructing genomic maps of positive selection in humans: where do we go from here?
    • Akey J.M. Constructing genomic maps of positive selection in humans: where do we go from here?. Genome Res. 2009, 19:711-722.
    • (2009) Genome Res. , vol.19 , pp. 711-722
    • Akey, J.M.1
  • 3
    • 4444370644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale sequencing of the CD33-related siglec gene cluster in five mammalian species reveals rapid evolution by multiple mechanisms
    • Angata T., Margulies E.H., Green E.D., Varki A. Large-scale sequencing of the CD33-related siglec gene cluster in five mammalian species reveals rapid evolution by multiple mechanisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2004, 101:13251-13256.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.101 , pp. 13251-13256
    • Angata, T.1    Margulies, E.H.2    Green, E.D.3    Varki, A.4
  • 4
    • 33646244720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive selection, relaxation, and acceleration in the evolution of the human and chimp genome
    • Arbiza L., Dopazo J., Dopazo H. Positive selection, relaxation, and acceleration in the evolution of the human and chimp genome. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2006, 2:e38.
    • (2006) PLoS Comput. Biol. , vol.2
    • Arbiza, L.1    Dopazo, J.2    Dopazo, H.3
  • 5
    • 0027060065 scopus 로고
    • Constraints on phenotypic evolution
    • Arnold S. Constraints on phenotypic evolution. Am. Nat. 1992, 140:S85-S107.
    • (1992) Am. Nat. , vol.140
    • Arnold, S.1
  • 6
    • 34250659350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More genes underwent positive selection in chimpanzee evolution than in human evolution
    • Bakewell M.A., Shi P., Zhang J. More genes underwent positive selection in chimpanzee evolution than in human evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104:7489-7494.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.104 , pp. 7489-7494
    • Bakewell, M.A.1    Shi, P.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 9
    • 18444363053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humans are born too soon: impact on pediatric otolaryngology
    • Bluestone C.D. Humans are born too soon: impact on pediatric otolaryngology. Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 2005, 69:1-8.
    • (2005) Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. , vol.69 , pp. 1-8
    • Bluestone, C.D.1
  • 10
    • 0021894328 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal development of vision in human and nonhuman primates
    • Boothe R., Dobson V., Teller D. Postnatal development of vision in human and nonhuman primates. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1985, 8:495-545.
    • (1985) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 495-545
    • Boothe, R.1    Dobson, V.2    Teller, D.3
  • 13
    • 69749122314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of deleterious mutations within three human genomes
    • Chun S., Fay J.C. Identification of deleterious mutations within three human genomes. Genome Res. 2009, 19:1553-1561.
    • (2009) Genome Res. , vol.19 , pp. 1553-1561
    • Chun, S.1    Fay, J.C.2
  • 14
    • 80052310539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for hitchhiking of deleterious mutations within the human genome
    • Chun S., Fay J.C. Evidence for hitchhiking of deleterious mutations within the human genome. PLoS Genet. 2011, 7:e1002240.
    • (2011) PLoS Genet. , vol.7
    • Chun, S.1    Fay, J.C.2
  • 16
    • 79955829987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the potential relevance of human-specific genes to complex disease
    • Cooper D.N., Kehrer-Sawatzki H. Exploring the potential relevance of human-specific genes to complex disease. Hum. Genomics 2011, 5:99-107.
    • (2011) Hum. Genomics , vol.5 , pp. 99-107
    • Cooper, D.N.1    Kehrer-Sawatzki, H.2
  • 17
    • 77957879688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme evolutionary disparities seen in positive selection across seven complex diseases
    • Corona E., Dudley J.T., Butte A.J. Extreme evolutionary disparities seen in positive selection across seven complex diseases. PLoS One 2010, 5:e12236.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Corona, E.1    Dudley, J.T.2    Butte, A.J.3
  • 18
    • 77957745948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins and evolution of genetic disease risk in modern humans
    • Crespi B.J. The origins and evolution of genetic disease risk in modern humans. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2010, 1206:80-109.
    • (2010) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1206 , pp. 80-109
    • Crespi, B.J.1
  • 19
    • 35848933704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive evolution of genes underlying schizophrenia
    • Crespi B., Summers K., Dorus S. Adaptive evolution of genes underlying schizophrenia. Proc. Biol. Sci. R. Soc. 2007, 274:2801-2810.
    • (2007) Proc. Biol. Sci. R. Soc. , vol.274 , pp. 2801-2810
    • Crespi, B.1    Summers, K.2    Dorus, S.3
  • 21
    • 84867647908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rules of engagement: molecular insights from host-virus arms races
    • Daugherty M.D., Malik H.S. Rules of engagement: molecular insights from host-virus arms races. Annu. Rev. Genet. 2012, 46:677-700.
    • (2012) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.46 , pp. 677-700
    • Daugherty, M.D.1    Malik, H.S.2
  • 22
    • 84867128206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrogating the major histocompatibility complex with high-throughput genomics
    • de Bakker P.I.W., Raychaudhuri S. Interrogating the major histocompatibility complex with high-throughput genomics. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2012, 21:R29-R36.
    • (2012) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.21
    • de Bakker, P.I.W.1    Raychaudhuri, S.2
  • 23
    • 0001633495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to aids by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study, San Francisco City Cohort, ALIVE Study
    • Dean M., Carrington M., Winkler C., Huttley G.A., Smith M.W., Allikmets R., Goedert J.J., Buchbinder S.P., Vittinghoff E., Gomperts E., Donfield S., Vlahov D., Kaslow R., Saah A., Rinaldo C., et al. Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to aids by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study, San Francisco City Cohort, ALIVE Study. Science 1996, 273:1856-1862.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1856-1862
    • Dean, M.1    Carrington, M.2    Winkler, C.3    Huttley, G.A.4    Smith, M.W.5    Allikmets, R.6    Goedert, J.J.7    Buchbinder, S.P.8    Vittinghoff, E.9    Gomperts, E.10    Donfield, S.11    Vlahov, D.12    Kaslow, R.13    Saah, A.14    Rinaldo, C.15
  • 28
    • 0242609180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence divergence, functional constraint, and selection in protein evolution
    • Fay J.C., Wu C.I. Sequence divergence, functional constraint, and selection in protein evolution. Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet. 2003, 4:213-235.
    • (2003) Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 213-235
    • Fay, J.C.1    Wu, C.I.2
  • 29
    • 0034924997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative selection on the human genome
    • Fay J.C., Wyckoff G.J., Wu C. Positive and negative selection on the human genome. Genetics 2001, 158:1227-1234.
    • (2001) Genetics , vol.158 , pp. 1227-1234
    • Fay, J.C.1    Wyckoff, G.J.2    Wu, C.3
  • 30
    • 21244484209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolutionary history of the CCR5-delta32 HIV-resistance mutation
    • Galvani A.P., Novembre J. The evolutionary history of the CCR5-delta32 HIV-resistance mutation. Microbes Infect. / Inst. Pasteur 2005, 7:302-309.
    • (2005) Microbes Infect. / Inst. Pasteur , vol.7 , pp. 302-309
    • Galvani, A.P.1    Novembre, J.2
  • 33
    • 34249040814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular signature of selection underlying human adaptations
    • Harris E.E., Meyer D. The molecular signature of selection underlying human adaptations. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 2006, (Suppl. 43):89-130.
    • (2006) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , Issue.43 SUPPL. , pp. 89-130
    • Harris, E.E.1    Meyer, D.2
  • 34
    • 80052264437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombination and hitchhiking of deleterious alleles
    • Hartfield M., Otto S.P. Recombination and hitchhiking of deleterious alleles. Evolution 2011, 65:2421-2434.
    • (2011) Evolution , vol.65 , pp. 2421-2434
    • Hartfield, M.1    Otto, S.P.2
  • 36
    • 0013979181 scopus 로고
    • The effects of linkage on limits to artificial selection
    • Hill W.G., Robertson A. The effects of linkage on limits to artificial selection. Genet. Res. 1966, 8:269-294.
    • (1966) Genet. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 269-294
    • Hill, W.G.1    Robertson, A.2
  • 38
    • 0028606930 scopus 로고
    • Ages of eruption of primate teeth: a compendium of aging individuals and comparing life histories
    • Holly Smith B., Crummett T.L., Brandt K.L. Ages of eruption of primate teeth: a compendium of aging individuals and comparing life histories. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1994, 37(S19):177-231.
    • (1994) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.37 , Issue.19 S , pp. 177-231
    • Holly Smith, B.1    Crummett, T.L.2    Brandt, K.L.3
  • 39
    • 0031744818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia: the illness that made us human
    • Horrobin D.F. Schizophrenia: the illness that made us human. Med. Hypotheses 1998, 50:269-288.
    • (1998) Med. Hypotheses , vol.50 , pp. 269-288
    • Horrobin, D.F.1
  • 40
    • 84876051120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent adaptive events in human brain revealed by meta-analysis of positively selected genes
    • Huang Y., Xie C., Ye A.Y., Li C., Gao G., Wei L. Recent adaptive events in human brain revealed by meta-analysis of positively selected genes. PLoS One 2013, 8:e61280.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Huang, Y.1    Xie, C.2    Ye, A.Y.3    Li, C.4    Gao, G.5    Wei, L.6
  • 42
    • 0032426345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural selection at major histocompatibility complex loci of vertebrates
    • Hughes A.L., Yeager M. Natural selection at major histocompatibility complex loci of vertebrates. Annu. Rev. Genet. 1998, 32:415-435.
    • (1998) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.32 , pp. 415-435
    • Hughes, A.L.1    Yeager, M.2
  • 43
    • 0032546785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis for the absence of n-glycolylneuraminic acid in humans
    • Irie A., Koyama S., Kozutsumi Y., Kawasaki T., Suzuki A. The molecular basis for the absence of n-glycolylneuraminic acid in humans. J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273:15866-15871.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 15866-15871
    • Irie, A.1    Koyama, S.2    Kozutsumi, Y.3    Kawasaki, T.4    Suzuki, A.5
  • 44
    • 0033884772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degenerative joint disease in african great apes: an evolutionary perspective
    • Jurmain R. Degenerative joint disease in african great apes: an evolutionary perspective. J. Hum. Evol. 2000, 39:185-203.
    • (2000) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.39 , pp. 185-203
    • Jurmain, R.1
  • 45
    • 34250839345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restriction of an extinct retrovirus by the human TRIM5alpha antiviral protein
    • Kaiser S.M., Malik H.S., Emerman M. Restriction of an extinct retrovirus by the human TRIM5alpha antiviral protein. Science 2007, 316:1756-1758.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1756-1758
    • Kaiser, S.M.1    Malik, H.S.2    Emerman, M.3
  • 46
    • 3242670402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human and african green monkey TRIM5alpha genes encode Ref1 and Lv1 retroviral restriction factor activities
    • Keckesova Z., Ylinen L.M.J., Towers G.J. The human and african green monkey TRIM5alpha genes encode Ref1 and Lv1 retroviral restriction factor activities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2004, 101:10780-10785.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.101 , pp. 10780-10785
    • Keckesova, Z.1    Ylinen, L.M.J.2    Towers, G.J.3
  • 47
    • 33846898038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the recent evolution of the human genome: insights from human-chimpanzee genome comparisons
    • Kehrer-Sawatzki H., Cooper D.N. Understanding the recent evolution of the human genome: insights from human-chimpanzee genome comparisons. Hum. Mutat. 2007, 28:99-130.
    • (2007) Hum. Mutat. , vol.28 , pp. 99-130
    • Kehrer-Sawatzki, H.1    Cooper, D.N.2
  • 48
    • 33845516667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolving the paradox of common, harmful, heritable mental disorders: which evolutionary genetic models work best?
    • (discussion 405-52)
    • Keller M.C., Miller G. Resolving the paradox of common, harmful, heritable mental disorders: which evolutionary genetic models work best?. Behav. Brain Sci. 2006, 29:385-404. (discussion 405-52).
    • (2006) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 385-404
    • Keller, M.C.1    Miller, G.2
  • 50
    • 22544441601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How malaria has affected the human genome and what human genetics can teach us about malaria
    • Kwiatkowski D.P. How malaria has affected the human genome and what human genetics can teach us about malaria. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2005, 77:171-192.
    • (2005) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.77 , pp. 171-192
    • Kwiatkowski, D.P.1
  • 52
    • 0033936818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal mortality in the past and its relevance to developing countries today
    • Loudon I. Maternal mortality in the past and its relevance to developing countries today. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000, 72:241S-246S.
    • (2000) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.72
    • Loudon, I.1
  • 53
    • 68649123353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duplication hotspots, rare genomic disorders, and common disease
    • Mefford H.C., Eichler E.E. Duplication hotspots, rare genomic disorders, and common disease. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 2009, 19:196-204.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. , vol.19 , pp. 196-204
    • Mefford, H.C.1    Eichler, E.E.2
  • 55
    • 55449117381 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal and infant maturity in man
    • Montagu M. Neonatal and infant maturity in man. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 1961, 178:56-57.
    • (1961) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.178 , pp. 56-57
    • Montagu, M.1
  • 56
    • 76649105134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The enigma of spontaneous preterm birth
    • Muglia L.J., Katz M. The enigma of spontaneous preterm birth. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010, 362:529-535.
    • (2010) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.362 , pp. 529-535
    • Muglia, L.J.1    Katz, M.2
  • 58
    • 70349566593 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus: a "thrifty" genotype rendered detrimental by "progress"?
    • Neel J.V. Diabetes mellitus: a "thrifty" genotype rendered detrimental by "progress"?. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1962, 14:353-362.
    • (1962) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.14 , pp. 353-362
    • Neel, J.V.1
  • 60
    • 27844602105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The geographic spread of the CCR5 delta32 HIV-resistance allele
    • Novembre J., Galvani A.P., Slatkin M. The geographic spread of the CCR5 delta32 HIV-resistance allele. PLoS Biol. 2005, 3:e339.
    • (2005) PLoS Biol. , vol.3
    • Novembre, J.1    Galvani, A.P.2    Slatkin, M.3
  • 62
    • 0037224073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequencing the chimpanzee genome: insights into human evolution and disease
    • Olson M.V., Varki A. Sequencing the chimpanzee genome: insights into human evolution and disease. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2003, 4:20-28.
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 20-28
    • Olson, M.V.1    Varki, A.2
  • 63
    • 0036223871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogenetic study of the skull in modern humans and the common chimpanzees: neotenic hypothesis reconsidered with a tridimensional procrustes analysis
    • Penin X., Berge C., Baylac M. Ontogenetic study of the skull in modern humans and the common chimpanzees: neotenic hypothesis reconsidered with a tridimensional procrustes analysis. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 2002, 118:50-62.
    • (2002) Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. , vol.118 , pp. 50-62
    • Penin, X.1    Berge, C.2    Baylac, M.3
  • 66
    • 33750737061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated evolution of conserved noncoding sequences in humans
    • Prabhakar S., Noonan J.P., Pääbo S., Rubin E.M. Accelerated evolution of conserved noncoding sequences in humans. Science 2006, 314:786.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 786
    • Prabhakar, S.1    Noonan, J.P.2    Pääbo, S.3    Rubin, E.M.4
  • 67
    • 84861012357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary dynamics of co-segregating gene clusters associated with complex diseases
    • Preuss C., Riemenschneider M., Wiedmann D., Stoll M. Evolutionary dynamics of co-segregating gene clusters associated with complex diseases. PLoS One 2012, 7:e36205.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Preuss, C.1    Riemenschneider, M.2    Wiedmann, D.3    Stoll, M.4
  • 68
    • 78650395329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role played by natural selection on mendelian traits in humans
    • Quintana-Murci L., Barreiro L.B. The role played by natural selection on mendelian traits in humans. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2010, 1214:1-17.
    • (2010) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1214 , pp. 1-17
    • Quintana-Murci, L.1    Barreiro, L.B.2
  • 70
    • 77954859063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing preterm birth: the past limitations and new potential of animal models
    • Ratajczak C.K., Fay J.C., Muglia L.J. Preventing preterm birth: the past limitations and new potential of animal models. Dis. Model. Mech. 2010, 3:407-414.
    • (2010) Dis. Model. Mech. , vol.3 , pp. 407-414
    • Ratajczak, C.K.1    Fay, J.C.2    Muglia, L.J.3
  • 71
    • 0036876570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth, obstetrics and human evolution
    • Rosenberg K., Trevathan W. Birth, obstetrics and human evolution. BJOG 2002, 109:1199-1206.
    • (2002) BJOG , vol.109 , pp. 1199-1206
    • Rosenberg, K.1    Trevathan, W.2
  • 72
    • 79957815229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The population genetics of chronic kidney disease: insights from the MYH9-APOL1 locus
    • Rosset S., Tzur S., Behar D.M., Wasser W.G., Skorecki K. The population genetics of chronic kidney disease: insights from the MYH9-APOL1 locus. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 2011, 7:313-326.
    • (2011) Nat. Rev. Nephrol. , vol.7 , pp. 313-326
    • Rosset, S.1    Tzur, S.2    Behar, D.M.3    Wasser, W.G.4    Skorecki, K.5
  • 74
    • 0036245495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmental duplications and the evolution of the primate genome
    • Samonte R.V., Eichler E.E. Segmental duplications and the evolution of the primate genome. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2002, 3:65-72.
    • (2002) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.3 , pp. 65-72
    • Samonte, R.V.1    Eichler, E.E.2
  • 75
    • 14544281087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive selection of primate TRIM5alpha identifies a critical species-specific retroviral restriction domain
    • Sawyer S.L., Wu L.I., Emerman M., Malik H.S. Positive selection of primate TRIM5alpha identifies a critical species-specific retroviral restriction domain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2005, 102:2832-2837.
    • (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.102 , pp. 2832-2837
    • Sawyer, S.L.1    Wu, L.I.2    Emerman, M.3    Malik, H.S.4
  • 78
    • 77949831756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural variation in the human genome and its role in disease
    • Stankiewicz P., Lupski J.R. Structural variation in the human genome and its role in disease. Annu. Rev. Med. 2010, 61:437-455.
    • (2010) Annu. Rev. Med. , vol.61 , pp. 437-455
    • Stankiewicz, P.1    Lupski, J.R.2
  • 79
    • 0000280102 scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs in life-history evolution
    • Stearns S.C. Trade-offs in life-history evolution. Funct. Ecol. 1989, 3:259-268.
    • (1989) Funct. Ecol. , vol.3 , pp. 259-268
    • Stearns, S.C.1
  • 83
    • 58249101033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new theory of MHC evolution: beyond selection on the immune genes
    • van Oosterhout C. A new theory of MHC evolution: beyond selection on the immune genes. Proc. Biol. Sci. / R. Soc. 2009, 276:657-665.
    • (2009) Proc. Biol. Sci. / R. Soc. , vol.276 , pp. 657-665
    • van Oosterhout, C.1
  • 84
    • 0033832415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A chimpanzee genome project is a biomedical imperative
    • Varki A. A chimpanzee genome project is a biomedical imperative. Genome Res. 2000, 10:1065-1070.
    • (2000) Genome Res. , vol.10 , pp. 1065-1070
    • Varki, A.1
  • 85
    • 77952369047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colloquium paper: uniquely human evolution of sialic acid genetics and biology
    • Varki A. Colloquium paper: uniquely human evolution of sialic acid genetics and biology. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2010, 107(Suppl. 2):8939-8946.
    • (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.107 , Issue.2 SUPPL. , pp. 8939-8946
    • Varki, A.1
  • 86
    • 84862536068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nothing in medicine makes sense, except in the light of evolution
    • Varki A. Nothing in medicine makes sense, except in the light of evolution. J. Mol. Med. 2012, 90:481-494.
    • (2012) J. Mol. Med. , vol.90 , pp. 481-494
    • Varki, A.1
  • 87
    • 70349296876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human-specific evolution of sialic acid targets: explaining the malignant malaria mystery?
    • Varki A., Gagneux P. Human-specific evolution of sialic acid targets: explaining the malignant malaria mystery?. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106:14739-14740.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.106 , pp. 14739-14740
    • Varki, A.1    Gagneux, P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.