Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase as a target in inflammation-related disorders

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Volumn 13, Issue 23, 2013, Pages 2930-2938

  Montecucco, Fabrizio ^a,b   Cea, Michele ^a,c   Cagnetta, Antonia ^c   Damonte, Patrizia ^a   Nahimana, Aimable ^d   Ballestrero, Alberto ^a   Del Rio, Alberto ^e,f   Bruzzone, Santina ^g   Nencioni, Alessio ^a,h  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA   (Switzerland)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^d LAUSANNE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Switzerland)

^e UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^f CNR   (Italy)

^g UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

^h UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

Author keywords

CD38; Chemical inhibitors; Inflammation; NAMPT; PARP; Sirtuins

Indexed keywords

B7 ANTIGEN; BREFELDIN A; CD38 ANTIGEN; DAPORINAD; GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INDOLEAMINE 2, 3 DIOXYGENASE; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 7; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 1; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE 1; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE 2; NICOTINAMIDE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; NORMETADRENALIN; SIRTUIN 1; SIRTUIN 3; SIRTUIN 4; SIRTUIN 6; STAT3 PROTEIN; STEM CELL FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP 1; TRICHOSTATIN A; TRYPTOPHAN 2, 3 DIOXYGENASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ACUTE LUNG INJURY; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CALCIUM SIGNALING; CYTOLYSIS; DOWN REGULATION; HEART INJURY; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOCOMPETENCE; INFLAMMATION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; UPREGULATION;

ANIMALS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; ENZYME INHIBITORS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; NAD; NICOTINAMIDE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE;

EID: 84889076907     PISSN: 15680266     EISSN: 18734294     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/15680266113136660208     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Balkwill, F. R.; Mantovani, A., Cancer-related inflammation: common themes and therapeutic opportunities. Semin. Cancer Biol., 2012, 22(1), 33-40.
2. Weber, C.; Noels, H., Atherosclerosis: current pathogenesis and therapeutic options. Nat. Med., 2011, 17(11), 1410-1422.
3. Hasmann, M.; Schemainda, I., FK866, a highly specific noncompetitive inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, represents a novel mechanism for induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Cancer Res., 2003, 63(21), 7436-7442.
4. Busso, N.; Karababa, M.; Nobile, M.; Rolaz, A.; Van Gool, F.; Galli, M.; Leo, O.; So, A.; De Smedt, T., Pharmacological inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/visfatin enzymatic activity identifies a new inflammatory pathway linked to NAD. PloS one, 2008, 3(5), e2267.
5. Deaglio, S.; Robson, S. C., Ectonucleotidases as regulators of purinergic signaling in thrombosis, inflammation, and immunity. Adv. Pharmacol., 2011, 61, 301-332.
6. Laudisi, F.; Sambucci, M.; Pioli, C., Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) as immune regulator. Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets, 2011, 11(4), 326-333.
7. Galli, M.; Van Gool, F.; Leo, O., Sirtuins and inflammation: Friends or foes? Biochem. Pharmacol., 2011, 81(5), 569-576.
8. Sauve, A. A.; Moir, R. D.; Schramm, V. L.; Willis, I. M., Chemical activation of Sir2-dependent silencing by relief of nicotinamide inhibition. Mol. Cell, 2005, 17(4), 595-601.
9. Preiss, J.; Schlaeger, R.; Hilz, H., Specific inhibition of poly adpribose polymerase by thymidine and nicotinamide in HeLa cells. FEBS Lett., 1971, 19(3), 244-246.
10. Munshi, C. B.; Graeff, R.; Lee, H. C., Evidence for a causal role of CD38 expression in granulocytic differentiation of human HL-60 cells. J. Biol. Chem., 2002, 277(51), 49453-49458.
11. Bogan, K. L.; Brenner, C., Nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside: a molecular evaluation of NAD+ precursor vitamins in human nutrition. Annu. Rev. Nutr., 2008, 28, 115-130.
12. Katz, J. B.; Muller, A. J.; Prendergast, G. C., Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in T-cell tolerance and tumoral immune escape. Immunol. Rev., 2008, 222, 206-221.
13. Wang, T.; Zhang, X.; Bheda, P.; Revollo, J. R.; Imai, S.; Wolberger, C., Structure of Nampt/PBEF/visfatin, a mammalian NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 2006, 13(7), 661-662.
14. Rongvaux, A.; Shea, R. J.; Mulks, M. H.; Gigot, D.; Urbain, J.; Leo, O.; Andris, F., Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor, whose expression is up-regulated in activated lymphocytes, is a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, a cytosolic enzyme involved in NAD biosynthesis. Eur. J. Immunol., 2002, 32(11), 3225-3234.
15. Galli, U.; Travelli, C.; Massarotti, A.; Fakhfouri, G.; Rahimian, R.; Tron, G. C.; Genazzani, A. A., Medicinal Chemistry of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) Inhibitors. J. Med. Chem., 2013, 56(16), 6279-6296.
16. Hara, N.; Yamada, K.; Shibata, T.; Osago, H.; Tsuchiya, M., Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/visfatin does not catalyze nicotinamide mononucleotide formation in blood plasma. PloS one, 2011, 6(8), e22781.
17. Burgos, E. S.; Schramm, V. L., Weak coupling of ATP hydrolysis to the chemical equilibrium of human nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase. Biochemistry, 2008, 47(42), 11086-11096.
18. Revollo, J. R.; Korner, A.; Mills, K. F.; Satoh, A.; Wang, T.; Garten, A.; Dasgupta, B.; Sasaki, Y.; Wolberger, C.; Townsend, R. R.; Milbrandt, J.; Kiess, W.; Imai, S., Nampt/PBEF/Visfatin regulates insulin secretion in beta cells as a systemic NAD biosynthetic enzyme. Cell Metab., 2007, 6(5), 363-375.
19. Bruzzone, S.; Fruscione, F.; Morando, S.; Ferrando, T.; Poggi, A.; Garuti, A.; D'Urso, A.; Selmo, M.; Benvenuto, F.; Cea, M.; Zoppoli, G.; Moran, E.; Soncini, D.; Ballestrero, A.; Sordat, B.; Patrone, F.; Mostoslavsky, R.; Uccelli, A.; Nencioni, A., Catastrophic NAD+ depletion in activated T lymphocytes through Nampt inhibition reduces demyelination and disability in EAE. PloS one, 2009, 4(11), e7897.
20. Skokowa, J.; Lan, D.; Thakur, B. K.; Wang, F.; Gupta, K.; Cario, G.; Brechlin, A. M.; Schambach, A.; Hinrichsen, L.; Meyer, G.; Gaestel, M.; Stanulla, M.; Tong, Q.; Welte, K., NAMPT is essential for the G-CSF-induced myeloid differentiation via a NAD(+)-sirtuin-1-dependent pathway. Nat. Med., 2009, 15(2), 151-158.
21. Yang, H.; Yang, T.; Baur, J. A.; Perez, E.; Matsui, T.; Carmona, J. J.; Lamming, D. W.; Souza-Pinto, N. C.; Bohr, V. A.; Rosenzweig, A.; de Cabo, R.; Sauve, A. A.; Sinclair, D. A., Nutrient-sensitive mitochondrial NAD+ levels dictate cell survival. Cell, 2007, 130(6), 1095-1107.
22. Menssen, A.; Hydbring, P.; Kapelle, K.; Vervoorts, J.; Diebold, J.; Luscher, B.; Larsson, L. G.; Hermeking, H., The c-MYC oncoprotein, the NAMPT enzyme, the SIRT1-inhibitor DBC1, and the SIRT1 deacetylase form a positive feedback loop. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A, 2012, 109(4), E187-196.
23. Pittelli, M.; Formentini, L.; Faraco, G.; Lapucci, A.; Rapizzi, E.; Cialdai, F.; Romano, G.; Moneti, G.; Moroni, F.; Chiarugi, A., Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: cellular bioenergetics reveals a mitochondrial insensitive NAD pool. J. Biol. Chem., 2010, 285(44), 34106-34114.
24. Samal, B.; Sun, Y.; Stearns, G.; Xie, C.; Suggs, S.; McNiece, I., Cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding a novel human pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor. Mol. Cell. Biol., 1994, 14(2), 1431-1437.
25. Olarescu, N. C.; Ueland, T.; Lekva, T.; Dahl, T. B.; Halvorsen, B.; Aukrust, P.; Bollerslev, J., Adipocytes as a source of increased circulating levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/visfatin in active acromegaly. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2012, 97(4), 1355-1362.
26. Spinnler, R.; Gorski, T.; Stolz, K.; Schuster, S.; Garten, A.; Beck-Sickinger, A. G.; Engelse, M. A.; de Koning, E. J.; Korner, A.; Kiess, W.; Maedler, K., The adipocytokine Nampt and its product NMN have no effect on beta-cell survival but potentiate glucose stimulated insulin secretion. PloS one, 2013, 8(1), e54106.
27. Chang, Y. H.; Chang, D. M.; Lin, K. C.; Shin, S. J.; Lee, Y. J., Visfatin in overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases: a metaanalysis and systemic review. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev., 2011, 27(6), 515-527.
28. Friebe, D.; Neef, M.; Kratzsch, J.; Erbs, S.; Dittrich, K.; Garten, A.; Petzold-Quinque, S.; Bluher, S.; Reinehr, T.; Stumvoll, M.; Bluher, M.; Kiess, W.; Korner, A., Leucocytes are a major source of circulating nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/pre-B cell colony (PBEF)/visfatin linking obesity and inflammation in humans. Diabetologia, 2011, 54(5), 1200-1211.
29. Montecucco, F.; Bauer, I.; Braunersreuther, V.; Bruzzone, S.; Akhmedov, A.; Luscher, T. F.; Speer, T.; Poggi, A.; Mannino, E.; Pelli, G.; Galan, K.; Bertolotto, M.; Lenglet, S.; Garuti, A.; Montessuit, C.; Lerch, R.; Pellieux, C.; Vuilleumier, N.; Dallegri, F.; Mage, J.; Sebastian, C.; Mostoslavsky, R.; Gayet-Ageron, A.; Patrone, F.; Mach, F.; Nencioni, A., Inhibition of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Reduces Neutrophil-Mediated Injury in Myocardial Infarction. Antioxid. Redox Signal., 2013, 18(6), 630-641.
30. Pillai, V. B.; Sundaresan, N. R.; Kim, G.; Samant, S.; Moreno-Vinasco, L.; Garcia, J. G.; Gupta, M. P., Nampt secreted from cardiomyocytes promotes development of cardiac hypertrophy and adverse ventricular remodeling. Am. J. Physiol. Heart. Circ. Physiol., 2013, 304(3), H415-426.
31. Huang, Q.; Liu, D.; Majewski, P.; Schulte, L. C.; Korn, J. M.; Young, R. A.; Lander, E. S.; Hacohen, N., The plasticity of dendritic cell responses to pathogens and their components. Science, 2001, 294(5543), 870-875.
32. Rongvaux, A.; Galli, M.; Denanglaire, S.; Van Gool, F.; Dreze, P. L.; Szpirer, C.; Bureau, F.; Andris, F.; Leo, O., Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase/pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor/visfatin is required for lymphocyte development and cellular resistance to genotoxic stress. J. Immunol., 2008, 181(7), 4685-4695.
33. Holen, K.; Saltz, L. B.; Hollywood, E.; Burk, K.; Hanauske, A. R., The pharmacokinetics, toxicities, and biologic effects of FK866, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis inhibitor. Invest. New Drugs, 2008, 26(1), 45-51.
34. Billington, R. A.; Genazzani, A. A.; Travelli, C.; Condorelli, F., NAD depletion by FK866 induces autophagy. Autophagy, 2008, 4(3), 385-387.
35. Cea, M.; Cagnetta, A.; Fulciniti, M.; Tai, Y. T.; Hideshima, T.; Chauhan, D.; Roccaro, A.; Sacco, A.; Calimeri, T.; Cottini, F.; Jakubikova, J.; Kong, S. Y.; Patrone, F.; Nencioni, A.; Gobbi, M.; Richardson, P.; Munshi, N.; Anderson, K. C., Targeting NAD+ salvage pathway induces autophagy in multiple myeloma cells via mTORC1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) inhibition. Blood, 2012, 120(17), 3519-3529.
36. Nahimana, A.; Attinger, A.; Aubry, D.; Greaney, P.; Ireson, C.; Thougaard, A. V.; Tjornelund, J.; Dawson, K. M.; Dupuis, M.; Duchosal, M. A., The NAD biosynthesis inhibitor APO866 has potent antitumor activity against hematologic malignancies. Blood, 2009, 113(14), 3276-3286.
37. Magnone, M.; Bauer, I.; Poggi, A.; Mannino, E.; Sturla, L.; Brini, M.; Zocchi, E.; De Flora, A.; Nencioni, A.; Bruzzone, S., NAD+ levels control Ca2+ store replenishment and mitogen-induced increase of cytosolic Ca2+ by Cyclic ADP-ribose-dependent TRPM2 channel gating in human T lymphocytes. J. Biol Chem., 2012, 287(25), 21067-21081.
38. Esposito, E.; Impellizzeri, D.; Mazzon, E.; Fakhfouri, G.; Rahimian, R.; Travelli, C.; Tron, G. C.; Genazzani, A. A.; Cuzzocrea, S., The NAMPT inhibitor FK866 reverts the damage in spinal cord injury. J. Neuroinflammation, 2012, 9, 66.
39. Hassan, S. B.; Lovborg, H.; Lindhagen, E.; Karlsson, M. O.; Larsson, R., CHS 828 kill tumour cells by inhibiting the nuclear factorkappaB translocation but unlikely through down-regulation of proteasome. Anticancer Res., 2006, 26(6B), 4431-4436.
40. Olsen, L. S.; Hjarnaa, P. J.; Latini, S.; Holm, P. K.; Larsson, R.; Bramm, E.; Binderup, L.; Madsen, M. W., Anticancer agent CHS 828 suppresses nuclear factor-kappa B activity in cancer cells through downregulation of IKK activity. Int. J. Cancer., 2004, 111(2), 198-205.
41. Fleischer, T. C.; Murphy, B. R.; Flick, J. S.; Terry-Lorenzo, R. T.; Gao, Z. H.; Davis, T.; McKinnon, R.; Ostanin, K.; Willardsen, J. A.; Boniface, J. J., Chemical proteomics identifies Nampt as the target of CB30865, an orphan cytotoxic compound. Chem. Biol., 2010, 17(6), 659-664.
42. Deaglio, S.; Aydin, S.; Vaisitti, T.; Bergui, L.; Malavasi, F., CD38 at the junction between prognostic marker and therapeutic target. Trends Mol. Med., 2008, 14(5), 210-218.
43. Malavasi, F.; Deaglio, S.; Funaro, A.; Ferrero, E.; Horenstein, A. L.; Ortolan, E.; Vaisitti, T.; Aydin, S., Evolution and function of the ADP ribosyl cyclase/CD38 gene family in physiology and pathology. Physiol. Rev., 2008, 88(3), 841-886.
44. Cavone, L.; Chiarugi, A., Targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 as a promising approach for immunomodulation in multiple sclerosis? Trends Mol. Med., 2012, 18(2), 92-100.
45. Nasta, F.; Laudisi, F.; Sambucci, M.; Rosado, M. M.; Pioli, C., Increased Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 deficiency. J. Immunol., 2010, 184(7), 3470-3477.
46. Kamboj, A.; Lu, P.; Cossoy, M. B.; Stobart, J. L.; Dolhun, B. A.; Kauppinen, T. M.; de Murcia, G.; Anderson, C. M., Poly(ADPribose) polymerase 2 contributes to neuroinflammation and neurological dysfunction in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Neuroinflammation, 2013, 10, 49.
47. Yelamos, J.; Monreal, Y.; Saenz, L.; Aguado, E.; Schreiber, V.; Mota, R.; Fuente, T.; Minguela, A.; Parrilla, P.; de Murcia, G.; Almarza, E.; Aparicio, P.; Menissier-de Murcia, J., PARP-2 deficiency affects the survival of CD4+CD8+ double-positive thymocytes. EMBO J., 2006, 25(18), 4350-4360.
48. Malavasi, F.; Deaglio, S.; Damle, R.; Cutrona, G.; Ferrarini, M.; Chiorazzi, N., CD38 and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a decade later. Blood, 2011, 118(13), 3470-3478.
49. Cockayne, D. A.; Muchamuel, T.; Grimaldi, J. C.; Muller-Steffner, H.; Randall, T. D.; Lund, F. E.; Murray, R.; Schuber, F.; Howard, M. C., Mice deficient for the ecto-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide glycohydrolase CD38 exhibit altered humoral immune responses. Blood, 1998, 92(4), 1324-1333.
50. Partida-Sanchez, S.; Goodrich, S.; Kusser, K.; Oppenheimer, N.; Randall, T. D.; Lund, F. E., Regulation of dendritic cell trafficking by the ADP-ribosyl cyclase CD38: impact on the development of humoral immunity. Immunity, 2004, 20(3), 279-291.
51. Yamamoto, S.; Shimizu, S.; Kiyonaka, S.; Takahashi, N.; Wajima, T.; Hara, Y.; Negoro, T.; Hiroi, T.; Kiuchi, Y.; Okada, T.; Kaneko, S.; Lange, I.; Fleig, A.; Penner, R.; Nishi, M.; Takeshima, H.; Mori, Y., TRPM2-mediated Ca2+influx induces chemokine production in monocytes that aggravates inflammatory neutrophil infiltration. Nat. Med., 2008, 14(7), 738-747.
52. Sumoza-Toledo, A.; Lange, I.; Cortado, H.; Bhagat, H.; Mori, Y.; Fleig, A.; Penner, R.; Partida-Sanchez, S., Dendritic cell maturation and chemotaxis is regulated by TRPM2-mediated lysosomal Ca2+ release. FASEB J., 2011, 25(10), 3529-3542.
53. Melzer, N.; Hicking, G.; Gobel, K.; Wiendl, H., TRPM2 cation channels modulate T cell effector functions and contribute to autoimmune CNS inflammation. PloS one, 2012, 7(10), e47617.
54. Zhang, J.; Lee, S. M.; Shannon, S.; Gao, B.; Chen, W.; Chen, A.; Divekar, R.; McBurney, M. W.; Braley-Mullen, H.; Zaghouani, H.; Fang, D., The type III histone deacetylase Sirt1 is essential for maintenance of T cell tolerance in mice. J. Clin. Invest., 2009, 119(10), 3048-3058.
55. Yeung, F.; Hoberg, J. E.; Ramsey, C. S.; Keller, M. D.; Jones, D. R.; Frye, R. A.; Mayo, M. W., Modulation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and cell survival by the SIRT1 deacetylase. EMBO J., 2004, 23(12), 2369-2380.
56. Mostoslavsky, R.; Chua, K. F.; Lombard, D. B.; Pang, W. W.; Fischer, M. R.; Gellon, L.; Liu, P.; Mostoslavsky, G.; Franco, S.; Murphy, M. M.; Mills, K. D.; Patel, P.; Hsu, J. T.; Hong, A. L.; Ford, E.; Cheng, H. L.; Kennedy, C.; Nunez, N.; Bronson, R.; Frendewey, D.; Auerbach, W.; Valenzuela, D.; Karow, M.; Hottiger, M. O.; Hursting, S.; Barrett, J. C.; Guarente, L.; Mulligan, R.; Demple, B.; Yancopoulos, G. D.; Alt, F. W., Genomic instability and aging-like phenotype in the absence of mammalian SIRT6. Cell, 2006, 124(2), 315-329.
57. Van Gool, F.; Galli, M.; Gueydan, C.; Kruys, V.; Prevot, P. P.; Bedalov, A.; Mostoslavsky, R.; Alt, F. W.; De Smedt, T.; Leo, O., Intracellular NAD levels regulate tumor necrosis factor protein synthesis in a sirtuin-dependent manner. Nat. Med., 2009, 15(2), 206-210.
58. Bauer, I.; Grozio, A.; Lasiglie, D.; Basile, G.; Sturla, L.; Magnone, M.; Sociali, G.; Soncini, D.; Caffa, I.; Poggi, A.; Zoppoli, G.; Cea, M.; Feldmann, G.; Mostoslavsky, R.; Ballestrero, A.; Patrone, F.; Bruzzone, S.; Nencioni, A., The NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase SIRT6 promotes cytokine production and migration in pancreatic cancer cells by regulating Ca2+ responses. J. Biol. Chem., 2012, 287(49), 40924-40937.
59. Grubisha, O.; Rafty, L. A.; Takanishi, C. L.; Xu, X.; Tong, L.; Perraud, A. L.; Scharenberg, A. M.; Denu, J. M., Metabolite of SIR2 reaction modulates TRPM2 ion channel. J. Biol. Chem., 2006, 281(20), 14057-14065.
60. Jiang, H.; Khan, S.; Wang, Y.; Charron, G.; He, B.; Sebastian, C.; Du, J.; Kim, R.; Ge, E.; Mostoslavsky, R.; Hang, H. C.; Hao, Q.; Lin, H., SIRT6 regulates TNF-alpha secretion through hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acyl lysine. Nature, 2013, 496(7443), 110-113.
61. Kawahara, T. L.; Michishita, E.; Adler, A. S.; Damian, M.; Berber, E.; Lin, M.; McCord, R. A.; Ongaigui, K. C.; Boxer, L. D.; Chang, H. Y.; Chua, K. F., SIRT6 links histone H3 lysine 9 deacetylation to NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression and organismal life span. Cell, 2009, 136(1), 62-74.
62. Grimley, R.; Polyakova, O.; Vamathevan, J.; McKenary, J.; Hayes, B.; Patel, C.; Smith, J.; Bridges, A.; Fosberry, A.; Bhardwaja, A.; Mouzon, B.; Chung, C. W.; Barrett, N.; Richmond, N.; Modha, S.; Solari, R., Over expression of wild type or a catalytically dead mutant of Sirtuin 6 does not influence NFkappaB responses. PloS one, 2012, 7(7), e39847.
63. Xiao, C.; Wang, R. H.; Lahusen, T. J.; Park, O.; Bertola, A.; Maruyama, T.; Reynolds, D.; Chen, Q.; Xu, X.; Young, H. A.; Chen, W. J.; Gao, B.; Deng, C. X., Progression of chronic liver inflammation and fibrosis driven by activation of c-JUN signaling in Sirt6 mutant mice. J. Biol. Chem., 2012, 287(50), 41903-41913.
64. Liu, T. F.; Vachharajani, V. T.; Yoza, B. K.; McCall, C. E., NAD+-dependent sirtuin 1 and 6 proteins coordinate a switch from glucose to fatty acid oxidation during the acute inflammatory response. J. Biol. Chem., 2012, 287(31), 25758-25769.
65. Moschen, A. R.; Kaser, A.; Enrich, B.; Mosheimer, B.; Theurl, M.; Niederegger, H.; Tilg, H., Visfatin, an adipocytokine with proinflammatory and immunomodulating properties. J. Immunol., 2007, 178(3), 1748-1758.
66. Jia, S. H.; Li, Y.; Parodo, J.; Kapus, A.; Fan, L.; Rotstein, O. D.; Marshall, J. C., Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor inhibits neutrophil apoptosis in experimental inflammation and clinical sepsis. J. Clin. Invest., 2004, 113(9), 1318-1327.
67. Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Dorweiler, B.; Cui, D.; Wang, T.; Woo, C. W.; Brunkan, C. S.; Wolberger, C.; Imai, S.; Tabas, I., Extracellular Nampt promotes macrophage survival via a nonenzymatic interleukin-6/STAT3 signaling mechanism. J. Biol. Chem., 2008, 283(50), 34833-34843.
68. Evans, L.; Williams, A. S.; Hayes, A. J.; Jones, S. A.; Nowell, M., Suppression of leukocyte infiltration and cartilage degradation by selective inhibition of pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor/visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: Apo866-mediated therapy in human fibroblasts and murine collageninduced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2011, 63(7), 1866-1877.
69. Hong, S. B.; Huang, Y.; Moreno-Vinasco, L.; Sammani, S.; Moitra, J.; Barnard, J. W.; Ma, S. F.; Mirzapoiazova, T.; Evenoski, C.; Reeves, R. R.; Chiang, E. T.; Lang, G. D.; Husain, A. N.; Dudek, S. M.; Jacobson, J. R.; Ye, S. Q.; Lussier, Y. A.; Garcia, J. G., Essential role of pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor in ventilator-induced lung injury. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2008, 178(6), 605-617.
70. Ye, S. Q.; Simon, B. A.; Maloney, J. P.; Zambelli-Weiner, A.; Gao, L.; Grant, A.; Easley, R. B.; McVerry, B. J.; Tuder, R. M.; Standiford, T.; Brower, R. G.; Barnes, K. C.; Garcia, J. G., Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor as a potential novel biomarker in acute lung injury. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2005, 171(4), 361-370.
71. Presumey, J.; Courties, G.; Louis-Plence, P.; Escriou, V.; Scherman, D.; Pers, Y. M.; Yssel, H.; Pene, J.; Kyburz, D.; Gay, S.; Jorgensen, C.; Apparailly, F., Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/visfatin expression by inflammatory monocytes mediates arthritis pathogenesis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 2013, 72(10), 1717-1724.
72. Moschen, A. R.; Gerner, R.; Schroll, A.; Fritz, T.; Kaser, A.; Tilg, H., A key role for Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor in experimental hepatitis. Hepatology, 2011, 54(2), 675-686.
73. Lee, M. W., Jr.; Sevryugina, Y. V.; Khan, A.; Ye, S. Q., Carboranes increase the potency of small molecule inhibitors of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltranferase. J. Med. Chem., 2012, 55(16), 7290-7294.
74. Gunzner-Toste, J.; Zhao, G.; Bauer, P.; Baumeister, T.; Buckmelter, A. J.; Caligiuri, M.; Clodfelter, K. H.; Fu, B.; Han, B.; Ho, Y. C.; Kley, N.; Liang, X.; Liederer, B. M.; Lin, J.; Mukadam, S.; O'Brien, T.; Oh, A.; Reynolds, D. J.; Sharma, G.; Skelton, N.; Smith, C. C.; Sodhi, J.; Wang, W.; Wang, Z.; Xiao, Y.; Yuen, P. W.; Zak, M.; Zhang, L.; Zheng, X.; Bair, K. W.; Dragovich, P. S., Discovery of potent and efficacious urea-containing nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitors with reduced CYP2C9 inhibition properties. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2013, 23(12), 3531-3538.
75. Zheng, X.; Bauer, P.; Baumeister, T.; Buckmelter, A. J.; Caligiuri, M.; Clodfelter, K. H.; Han, B.; Ho, Y. C.; Kley, N.; Lin, J.; Reynolds, D. J.; Sharma, G.; Smith, C. C.; Wang, Z.; Dragovich, P. S.; Oh, A.; Wang, W.; Zak, M.; Gunzner-Toste, J.; Zhao, G.; Yuen, P. W.; Bair, K. W., Structure-based Identification of Novel Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) Inhibitors. J. Med. Chem., 2013, 56(16), 6413-6433.