Fracture non-union: Who is at risk?

Injury

Volumn 44, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 1379-1382

  Copuroglu, Cem ^a   Calori, Giorgio M ^b   Giannoudis, Peter V ^c  

^a TRAKYA UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BISPHOSPHONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; CIPROFLOXACIN; CORTICOSTEROID; GENTAMICIN; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INDOMETACIN; KETOROLAC; LEVOFLOXACIN; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; QUINOLONE DERIVATIVE; TENOXICAM; TETRACYCLINE; TROVAFLOXACIN; VASCULOTROPIN;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; BLOOD VESSEL INJURY; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; FRACTURE HEALING; FRACTURE NONUNION; GENETIC RISK; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HAPLOTYPE; HEMATOMA; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; MALNUTRITION; NEUTROPHIL; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; OPEN FRACTURE; OSSIFICATION; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; SMOKING;

ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; FRACTURE HEALING; FRACTURES, UNUNITED; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; MALE; METABOLIC DISEASES; RISK FACTORS; TRAUMA SEVERITY INDICES;

EID: 84885311075     PISSN: 00201383     EISSN: 18790267     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2013.08.003     Document Type: Editorial

References (92)

1. B. McKibbin The biology of fracture healing in long bones Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (British Volume) 60 2 1978 150 162
2. P.V. Giannoudis Fracture healing and bone repair Injury 42 2011 549 550
3. L.K. Cannada, and A.L. Jones Demographic, social and economic variables that affect lower extremity injury outcomes Injury 37 2 2006 1109 1116
4. P.V. Giannoudis, and R. Atkins Management of long-bone non-unions Injury 38S 2007 S1 S2
5. R. Dimitrou, N. Kanakaris, P.N. Soucacos, and P.V. Giannoudis Genetic predisposition to non-union: evidence today Injury 44 S1 2013 S50 S53
6. R. Dimitriou, and P.V. Giannoudis The genetic profile of bone repair Clinical Cases in Mineral and Bone Metabolism 10 1 2013 19 21
7. R. Dimitriou, I.M. Carr, R.M. West, A.F. Markham, and P.V. Giannoudis Genetic predisposition to fracture non-union: a case control study of a preliminary single nucleotide polymorphisms analysis of the BMP pathway BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 12 2011 44
8. C. Zeckey, F. Hildebrand, L.M. Glaubitz, S. Jürgens, T. Ludwig, and H. Andruszkow Are polymorphisms of molecules involved in bone healing correlated to aseptic femoral and tibial shaft non-unions? Journal of Orthopaedic Research 29 11 2011 1724 1731
9. B.N. Tran, N.D. Nguyen, V.X. Nguyen, J.R. Center, J.A. Eisman, and T.V. Nguyen Genetic profiling and individualized prognosis of fracture Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 26 2 2011 414 419
10. R.G. Spanheimer, G.E. Umpierrez, and V. Stumpf Decreased collagen production in diabetic rats Diabetes 37 4 1988 371 376
11. C.M. Simpson, G.M. Calori, and P.V. Giannoudis Diabetes and fracture healing: the skeletal effects of diabetic drugs Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 11 2 2012 215 220
12. N. Shibuya, J.M. Humphers, B.L. Fluhman, and D.C. Jupiter Factors associated with nonunion, delayed union, and malunion in foot and ankle surgery in diabetic patients Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery 52 2 2013 207 211
13. S. Sabharwal, and M.Z. Root Impact of obesity on orthopaedics Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American volume) 94 2012 1045 1052
14. B.P.W. Van Wunnik, P.H.E. Weijers, S.H. Van Helden, P.R.G. Brink, and M. Poeze Osteoporosis is not a risk factor for the development of nonunion: a cohort nested case-control study Injury 42 2011 1491 1494
15. P. Giannoudis, C. Tzioupis, T. Almalki, and R. Buckley Fracture healing in osteoporotic fractures: is it really different? A basic science perspective Injury 38S1 2007 S90 S99
16. G.M. Calori, W. Albisetti, A. Agus, S. Iori, and L. Tagliabue Risk factors contributing to fracture non-unions Injury 38S 2007 S11 S18
17. V.S. Nikolaou, N. Efstathopoulos, G. Kontakis, N.K. Kanakaris, and P.V. Giannoudis The influence of osteoporosis in femoral fracture healing time Injury 40 2009 663 668
18. M.C. Papanna, N. Al-Hadity, B.V. Somanchi, M.D. Sewell, P.M. Robinson, and S.A. Khan The use of bone morphogenic protein-7 (OP-1) in the management of resistant non-unions in the upper and lower limb Injury 43 7 2012 1135 1140
19. F.E. Donaldson, P.E. Pankaj, and A.H. Simpson Bone properties affect loosening of half-pin external fixators at the pin-bone interface Injury 43 10 2012 1764 1770
20. J. Hernigou, and F. Schuind Smoking as a predictor of negative outcome in diaphyseal fracture healing International Orthopaedics 37 5 2013 883 887
21. T. Andersen, F.B. Christensen, M. Laursen, K. Hoy, E.S. Hansen, and C. Bunger Smoking as a predictor of negative outcome in lumbar spinal fusion Spine 26 23 2001 2623 2628
22. Y. Chen, Q. Guo, X. Pan, L. Qin, and P. Zhang Smoking and impaired bone healing: will activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway be the bridge? International Orthopaedics 35 9 2011 1267 1270
23. M.A. Birnstingl, K. Brinson, and B.K. Chakrabarti The effect of short-term exposure to carbon monoxide on platelet stickiness British Journal of Surgery 58 1971 837 839
24. C.A. O'Brien, D. Jia, L.I. Plotkin, T. Bellido, C.C. Powers, and S.A. Stewart Glucocorticoids act directly on osteoblasts and osteocytes to induce their apoptosis and reduce bone formation and strength Endocrinology 145 4 2004 1835 1841
25. R.S. Weinstein, R.L. Jilka, A.M. Parfitt, and S.C. Manolagas Inhibition of osteoblastogenesis and promotion of apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes by glucocorticoids. Potential mechanisms of their deleterious effect on bone Journal of Clinical Investigation 102 2 1998 274 282
26. M.R. Hausman, M.B. Schaffler, and R.J. Majeska Prevention of fracture healing in rats by an inhibitor of angiogenesis Bone 29 2001 560 564
27. E.J. Hazan, F.J. Hornicek, W. Tomford, M.C. Gebhardt, and H.J. Mankin The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on articular allografts Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 385 2001 176 181
28. F.J. Hornicek, M.C. Gebhardt, W.W. Tomford, J.I. Sorger, M. Zavatta, and J.P. Menzner Factors affecting nonunion of the allograft-host junction Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 382 2001 87 98
29. I. Pountos, T. Georgouli, T.J. Blokhois, H.C. Pape, and P.V. Giannoudis Pharmacological agents and impairment of fracture healing: what is the evidence? Injury 39 4 2008 384 394
30. I. Pountos, T. Georgouli, H. Bird, G. Kontakis, and P.V. Giannoudis The effect of antibiotics on bone healing: current evidence Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 10 6 2011 935 945
31. J.M. Muir, M. Andrew, J. Hirsh, J.I. Weitz, E. Young, and P. Deschamps Histomorphometric analysis of the effects of standard heparin on trabecular bone in vivo Blood 88 1996 1314 1320
32. S.G. Shaughnessy, J. Hirsh, M. Bhandari, J.M. Muir, E. Young, and J.I. Weitz A histomorphometric evaluation of heparin-induced bone loss after discontinuation of heparin treatment in rats Blood 93 1999 1231 1236
33. W.D. Lack, D. Fredericks, E. Peterson, M. Donovan, M. George, and J. Nepola Effect of aspirin on bone healing in a rabbit ulnar osteotomy model Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American volume) 95 2013 488 496
34. M.A. Mont, S.K. Mathur, C.G. Frondoza, and D.S. Hungerford The effects of ciprofloxacin on human chondrocytes in cell culture Infection 24 1996 151 155
35. A.C. Perry, B. Prpa, M.S. Rouse, K.E. Piper, A.D. Hanssen, and J.M. Steckelberg Levofloxacin and trovafloxacin inhibition of experimental fracture-healing Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 14 2003 95 100
36. S. Isefuku, C.J. Joyner, and A.H. Simpson Gentamicin may have an adverse effect on osteogenesis Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 17 2003 212 216
37. D.J. Simmons, S.L. Chang, J.E. Russell, B. Grazman, D. Webster, and C. Oloff The effect of protracted tetracycline treatment on bone growth and maturation Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 180 1983 253 259
38. J.R. Vane, and R.M. Botting Mechanism of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs American Journal of Medicine 104 (3) Suppl. 1 1998 2S 8S
39. C.C. Pilbeam, P.M. Fall, C.B. Alander, and L.G. Raisz Differential effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on constitutive and inducible prostaglandin G/H synthase in cultured bone cells Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12 8 1997 1198 1203
40. A.P. Kurmis, T.P. Kurmis, J.X. O'Brien, and T. Dalen The effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration on acute phase fracture-heling: a review Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American volume) 94 2012 815 823
41. P.V. Giannoudis, D.A. Macdonald, S.J. Matthews, R.M. Smith, A.J. Furlong, and B.P. De Nonunion of the femoral diaphysis. The influence of reaming and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (British Volume) 82 2000 655 658
42. V. Giordano, M. Giordano, I.G. Knackfuss, M.I. Apfel, and R.D. Gomes Effect of tenoxicam on fracture healing in rat tibiae Injury 34 2 2003 85 94
43. C. Wurnig, E. Schwameis, P. Bitzan, and F. Kainberger Six-year results of a cementless stem with prophylaxis against heterotopic bone Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 361 1999 150 158
44. P.L. Horn, S. Wrona, A.C. Beebe, and J.E. Klamar A retrospective quality improvement study of ketorolac use following spinal fusion in pediatric patients Orthopaedic Nursing 29 5 2010 342 343
45. I. Pountos, T. Georgouli, G.M. Calori, and P.V. Giannoudis Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect bone healing? A critical analysis Scientific World Journal 2012 2012 606404
46. N. Amanat, R. Brown, L.E. Bilston, and D.G. Little A single systemic dose of pamidronate improves bone mineral content and accelerates restoration of strength in a rat model of fracture repair Journal of Orthopaedic Research 235 2005 1029 1034
47. A.E. Goodship, P.C. Walker, D. McNally, T. Chambers, and J.R. Green Use of a bisphosphonate (pamidronate) to modulate fracture repair in ovine bone Annals of Oncology 5 1994 S53 S55
48. J.E. Madsen, T. Berg-Larsen, O.J. Kirkeby, J.A. Falch, and L. Nordsletten No adverse affects of clodronate on fracture healing in rats Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 69 1998 532 536
49. C.P. Peter, W.O. Cook, D.M. Nunamaker, M.T. Provost, J.G. Seedor, and G.A. Rodan Effect of alendronate on fracture healing and bone remodeling in dogs Journal of Orthopaedic Research 14 1996 74 79
50. J. Li, S. Mori, and Y. Kaji Effect of bisphosphonate (incadronate) on fracture healing of long bones in rats Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 14 1999 969 979
51. T. Mashiba, T. Hirano, C.H. Turner, M.R. Forwood, C.C. Johnston, and D.B. Burr Suppressed bone turnover by bisphosphonates increses microdamage accumulation and reduces some biomechanical properties in dog rib Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 15 2000 613 620
52. N. Elmali, K. Ertem, S. Ozen, M. Inan, T. Baysal, and G. Guner Fracture healing and bone mass in rats fed on liquid diet containing ethanol Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 26 4 2002 509 513
53. J.R. Lynch, L.A. Taitsman, D.P. Barei, and S.E. Nork Femoral nonunion: risk factors and treatment options Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 16 2 2008 88 97
54. N.A. Wigner, N. Kulkarni, M. Yakavonis, M. Young, B. Tinsley, and B. Meeks Urine matrix metallopoteinases (MMPs) as biomarkers for the progression of fracture healing Injury 43 3 2012 274 278
55. N.C. Keramaris, G.M. Calori, V.S. Nikolaou, E.H. Schemitsch, and P.V. Giannoudis Fracture vascularity and bone healing: a systematic review of the role of VEGF Injury 39S2 2008 S45 S57
56. H.C. Pape, and T. Pufe Bone defects and nonunions-What role does vascularity play in filling the gap? Injury 41 2010 553 554 Editorial
57. L. Audige, D. Griffin, M. Bhandari, J. Kellam, and T.P. Ruedi Path analysis of factors for delayed healing and nonunion in 416 operatively treated tibial shaft fractures Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 438 2005 221 232
58. N.A. Ebraheim, A. Martin, K.R. Sochacki, and J. Liu Nonunion of distal femoral fractures: a systematic review Orthopaedic Surgery 5 1 2013 46 50
59. H.K. Uhtoff, and B.A. Rahn Healing patterns of metaphyseal fracture Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 160 1981 295 303
60. I.D. Gelalis, A.N. Politis, C.M. Arnaoutoglou, A.V. Korompilias, E.E. Pakos, and M.D. Vekris Diagnostic and treatment modalities in nonunions of the femoral shaft: a review Injury 43 7 2012 980 988
61. K. Fong, V. Truong, C.J. Foote, B. Petrisor, D. Williams, and B. Ristevski Predictors of nonunion and reoperation in patients with fractures of the tibia: an observational study BMC Muskuloskeletal Disorders 14 2013 103
62. F.B. Castella, F.B. Garcia, E.M. Berry, E.B. Perello, E. Sanchez-Alepuz, and R. Gabarda Nonunion of the humeral shaft: long lateral butterfly fracture - a nonunion predictive pattern? Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 424 2004 227 230
63. S. Lipross, T. Klueter, N. Steubesand, S. Oestern, R. Mentlein, and F. Hildebrandt Multiple trauma induces serum production of host defence peptides Injury 43 2 2012 137 142
64. F. Spencer Netto, H. Tien, J. Ng, S. Ortega, S. Scarpelini, and S.B. Rizoli Pulmonary emboli after blunt trauma: timing, clinical characteristics and natural history Injury 43 9 2012 1502 1506
65. P. Guyver, C. Wakeling, K. Naik, and M. Norton Judet osteoperiosteal decortication for treatment of non-union: the Cornwall experience Injury 43 7 2012 1187 1192
66. T.T. Huttunen, P. Kannus, V. Lepola, H. Pihlajamaki, and V.M. Mattila Surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures: a register-based study in Finland between 1987 and 2009 Injury 43 10 2012 1704 1708
67. S.O. Ogunlade, A.B. Omololu, T.O. Alonge, S.T. Diete, and J.E. Obawonyi Predisposing factors and outcome of treatment of non-union of long-bone fractures in Ibadan, Nigeria Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal 18 1 2011 56 60
68. M.J. Weaver, H.B. Harris, A.C. Strom, R.M. Smith, D. Lhowe, and D. Zurakowski Fracture pattern and fixation type related to loss of reduction in bicondylar tibial plateau fractures Injury 43 6 2012 864 869
69. A.H. Karladani, H. Granhed, J. Karrholm, and J. Styf The Influence of fracture etiology and type on fracture healing: a review of 104 consecutive tibial shaft fractures Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 121 6 2001 325 328
70. L. Claes, and P. Augat Influence of size and stability of the osteotomy gap on success of fracture healing Journal of Orthopaedic Research 15 1997 577 584
71. G.M. Calori, E. Mazza, M. Colombo, and C. Ripamonti The use of bone-graft substitutes in large bone defects: any specific needs? Injury 42 Suppl. 2 2011 S56 S63
72. H.P. Singh, N. Taub, and J.J. Dias Management of displaced fractures of the waist of the scaphoid: meta-analyses of comparative studies Injury 43 6 2012 933 939
73. K. Yokoyama, M. Itoman, M. Uchino, K. Fukushima, H. Nitta, and Y. Kojima Immediate versus delayed intramedullary nailing for open fractures of the tibial shaft: a multivariate analysis of factors affecting deep infection and fracture healing Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 42 4 2008 410 419
74. T.T. Yli-Kyyny, R. Sund, M. Juntunen, J.J. Salo, and H.P. Kroger Extra- and intramedullary omplants for the treatment of pertrochanteric fractures-results from a Finnish National Database Study of 14915 patients Injury 43 12 2012 2156 2160
75. F. Hardeman, P. Bollars, P. Donnely, J. Bellemans, and S. Nijs Predictive factors for functional outcome and failure in angular stable osteosynthesis of the proximal humerus Injury 43 2 2012 153 158
76. M. Konigshausen, L. Kubler, H. Godty, M. Citak, T.A. Schildhauer, and D. Seybold Clinical outcome and complications using a polyaxial locking plate in the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures. A reliable system? Injury 43 2 2012 223 231
77. C. Kokoroghiannis, I. Aktselis, A. Deligeorgis, E. Fragkomichalos, D. Papadimas, and I. Pappadas Evolving concepts of stability and intramedullary fixation of intertrochanteric fractures - a review Injury 43 6 2012 686 693
78. M. Plecko, N. Lagerpusch, B. Pegel, D. Andermatt, R. Frigg, and R. Koch The influence of different osteosynthesis configurations with locking compression plates (LCP) on stability and fracture healing after an oblique 45 angle osteotomy Injury 43 7 2012 1041 1051
79. J.Q. Zhou, and S.M. Chang Failure of PFNA: helical blade perforation and tip- apex distance Injury 43 7 2012 1227 1228
80. M.M. Reverte, R. Dimitriou, N.K. Kanakaris, and P.V. Giannoudis What is the effect of compartment syndrome and fasciotomies on fracture healing in tibial fractures? Injury 42 2011 1402 1407
81. P.W. Ferlic, G. Singer, T. Kraus, and R. Eberi The acute compartment syndrome following fractures of the lower leg in children Injury 43 10 2012 1743 1746
82. C. Court-Brown, and M. McQueen Compartment syndrome delays tibial union Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 58 1987 249 252
83. M.S. Shuler, W.M. Reisman, A.L. Cole, T.E. Whitesides Jr., and T.J. Moore Near-infrared spectroscopy in acute compartment syndrome: a case report Injury 42 12 2011 1506 1508
84. K.K. Sadasivan, D.L. Carden, M.B. Moore, and R.J. Korthuis Neutrophil mediated micro-vascular injury in acute, experimental compartment syndrome Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 206 1997 15
85. S. Gillani, J. Cao, T. Suzuki, and D.J. Hak The effect of ischemia reperfusion injury on skeletal muscle Injury 43 6 2012 670 675
86. B. Karahalil, S. Polat, A. Senkoylu, and S. Bolukbasi Evaluation of DNA damage after tourniquet-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury during lower extremity surgery Injury 41 2010 758 762
87. E. Argintar, S. Edwards, and J. Delahay Bone morphogenetic proteins in orthopaedic trauma surgery Injury 42 2011 730 734
88. T.J. Blokhuis, G.M. Calori, and G. Schmidmaier Autograft versus BMPs for the treatment of non-unions: what is the evidence? Injury 44 Suppl. 1 2013 S40 S42
89. J.E. Schroeder, and R. Mosheiff Tissue engineering approaches for bone repair: concepts and evidence Injury 42 2011 609 613
90. A. Hulth Current concepts in fracture healing Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 249 1989 265 284
91. L.A. Taitsman, J.R. Lynch, J. Agel, D.P. Barei, and S.E. Nork Risk factors for femoral nonunion after femoral shaft fracture Journal of Trauma 67 6 2009 1389 1392
92. A. Bailon-Plaza, and M.C.H. Van der Meulen Beneficial effects of moderate, early loading and adverse effects of delayed or excessive loading on bone healing Journal of Biomechanics 36 8 2003 1069 1077