메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 273, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 529-543

The role of mitochondrial DNA mutations and free radicals in disease and ageing

Author keywords

Ageing; Antioxidants; MtDNA; ROS

Indexed keywords

FREE RADICAL; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE;

EID: 84877922143     PISSN: 09546820     EISSN: 13652796     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/joim.12055     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (229)

References (109)
  • 1
    • 77049308856 scopus 로고
    • Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry
    • Harman D. Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J Gerontol 1956; 11: 298-300.
    • (1956) J Gerontol , vol.11 , pp. 298-300
    • Harman, D.1
  • 2
    • 0014691242 scopus 로고
    • Superoxide dismutase. An enzymic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein)
    • McCord JM, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase. An enzymic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein). J Biol Chem 1969; 244: 6049-55.
    • (1969) J Biol Chem , vol.244 , pp. 6049-6055
    • McCord, J.M.1    Fridovich, I.2
  • 3
    • 0015319592 scopus 로고
    • The biologic clock: the mitochondria?
    • Harman D. The biologic clock: the mitochondria? J Am Geriatr Soc 1972; 20: 145-7.
    • (1972) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.20 , pp. 145-147
    • Harman, D.1
  • 5
    • 79951810832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell biology: ageing theories unified
    • Kelly DP. Cell biology: ageing theories unified. Nature 2011; 470: 342-3.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.470 , pp. 342-343
    • Kelly, D.P.1
  • 6
    • 84868007565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species
    • Sena LA, Chandel NS. Physiological roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Mol Cell 2012; 48: 158-67.
    • (2012) Mol Cell , vol.48 , pp. 158-167
    • Sena, L.A.1    Chandel, N.S.2
  • 7
    • 80053124673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking a "good" look at free radicals in the aging process
    • Hekimi S, Lapointe J, Wen Y. Taking a "good" look at free radicals in the aging process. Trends Cell Biol 2011; 21: 569-76.
    • (2011) Trends Cell Biol , vol.21 , pp. 569-576
    • Hekimi, S.1    Lapointe, J.2    Wen, Y.3
  • 8
    • 0029587469 scopus 로고
    • Molecular genetic aspects of human mitochondrial disorders
    • Larsson NG, Clayton DA. Molecular genetic aspects of human mitochondrial disorders. Annu Rev Genet 1995; 29: 151-78.
    • (1995) Annu Rev Genet , vol.29 , pp. 151-178
    • Larsson, N.G.1    Clayton, D.A.2
  • 9
    • 0017758576 scopus 로고
    • Mouse L cell mitochondrial DNA molecules are selected randomly for replication throughout the cell cycle
    • Bogenhagen D, Clayton DA. Mouse L cell mitochondrial DNA molecules are selected randomly for replication throughout the cell cycle. Cell 1977; 11: 719-27.
    • (1977) Cell , vol.11 , pp. 719-727
    • Bogenhagen, D.1    Clayton, D.A.2
  • 10
    • 38349108752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause of ageing
    • Trifunovic A, Larsson NG. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause of ageing. J Intern Med 2008; 263: 167-78.
    • (2008) J Intern Med , vol.263 , pp. 167-178
    • Trifunovic, A.1    Larsson, N.G.2
  • 11
    • 0030951244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue-specific selection for different mtDNA genotypes in heteroplasmic mice
    • Jenuth JP, Peterson AC, Shoubridge EA. Tissue-specific selection for different mtDNA genotypes in heteroplasmic mice. Nat Genet 1997; 16: 93-5.
    • (1997) Nat Genet , vol.16 , pp. 93-95
    • Jenuth, J.P.1    Peterson, A.C.2    Shoubridge, E.A.3
  • 12
    • 0033525773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial diseases in man and mouse
    • Wallace DC. Mitochondrial diseases in man and mouse. Science 1999; 283: 1482-8.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1482-1488
    • Wallace, D.C.1
  • 13
    • 43049151118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-associated mosaic respiratory chain deficiency causes trans-neuronal degeneration
    • Dufour E, Terzioglu M, Sterky FH et al. Age-associated mosaic respiratory chain deficiency causes trans-neuronal degeneration. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17: 1418-26.
    • (2008) Hum Mol Genet , vol.17 , pp. 1418-1426
    • Dufour, E.1    Terzioglu, M.2    Sterky, F.H.3
  • 14
    • 77953627194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in mammalian aging
    • Larsson NG. Somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in mammalian aging. Annu Rev Biochem 2010; 79: 683-706.
    • (2010) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.79 , pp. 683-706
    • Larsson, N.G.1
  • 15
    • 80051972817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Super-resolution microscopy reveals that mammalian mitochondrial nucleoids have a uniform size and frequently contain a single copy of mtDNA
    • Kukat C, Wurm CA, Spahr H, Falkenberg M, Larsson NG, Jakobs S. Super-resolution microscopy reveals that mammalian mitochondrial nucleoids have a uniform size and frequently contain a single copy of mtDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108: 13534-9.
    • (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.108 , pp. 13534-13539
    • Kukat, C.1    Wurm, C.A.2    Spahr, H.3    Falkenberg, M.4    Larsson, N.G.5    Jakobs, S.6
  • 17
    • 78650744276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA repair in organelles: pathways, organization, regulation, relevance in disease and aging
    • Boesch P, Weber-Lotfi F, Ibrahim N et al. DNA repair in organelles: pathways, organization, regulation, relevance in disease and aging. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1813: 186-200.
    • (2011) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1813 , pp. 186-200
    • Boesch, P.1    Weber-Lotfi, F.2    Ibrahim, N.3
  • 18
    • 0141480060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent deficiency in import of mitochondrial DNA glycosylases required for repair of oxidatively damaged bases
    • Szczesny B, Hazra TK, Papaconstantinou J, Mitra S, Boldogh I. Age-dependent deficiency in import of mitochondrial DNA glycosylases required for repair of oxidatively damaged bases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100: 10670-5.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.100 , pp. 10670-10675
    • Szczesny, B.1    Hazra, T.K.2    Papaconstantinou, J.3    Mitra, S.4    Boldogh, I.5
  • 19
    • 79953735503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultra-deep sequencing of mouse mitochondrial DNA: mutational patterns and their origins
    • Ameur A, Stewart JB, Freyer C et al. Ultra-deep sequencing of mouse mitochondrial DNA: mutational patterns and their origins. PLoS Genet 2011; 7: e1002028.
    • (2011) PLoS Genet , vol.7
    • Ameur, A.1    Stewart, J.B.2    Freyer, C.3
  • 20
    • 2642580016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature ageing in mice expressing defective mitochondrial DNA polymerase
    • Trifunovic A, Wredenberg A, Falkenberg M et al. Premature ageing in mice expressing defective mitochondrial DNA polymerase. Nature 2004; 429: 417-23.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.429 , pp. 417-423
    • Trifunovic, A.1    Wredenberg, A.2    Falkenberg, M.3
  • 21
    • 22344456832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA mutations, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mammalian aging
    • Kujoth GC, Hiona A, Pugh TD et al. Mitochondrial DNA mutations, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mammalian aging. Science 2005; 309: 481-4.
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 481-484
    • Kujoth, G.C.1    Hiona, A.2    Pugh, T.D.3
  • 22
    • 84855417557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic progenitor cell vulnerability to mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis underlies progeroid phenotypes in polg mutator mice
    • Ahlqvist KJ, Hamalainen RH, Yatsuga S et al. Somatic progenitor cell vulnerability to mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis underlies progeroid phenotypes in polg mutator mice. Cell Metab 2012; 15: 100-9.
    • (2012) Cell Metab , vol.15 , pp. 100-109
    • Ahlqvist, K.J.1    Hamalainen, R.H.2    Yatsuga, S.3
  • 23
    • 29144486726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant mitochondrial helicase Twinkle causes multiple mtDNA deletions and a late-onset mitochondrial disease in mice
    • Tyynismaa H, Mjosund KP, Wanrooij S et al. Mutant mitochondrial helicase Twinkle causes multiple mtDNA deletions and a late-onset mitochondrial disease in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102: 17687-92.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.102 , pp. 17687-17692
    • Tyynismaa, H.1    Mjosund, K.P.2    Wanrooij, S.3
  • 24
    • 13944278132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria, oxidants, and aging
    • Balaban RS, Nemoto S, Finkel T. Mitochondria, oxidants, and aging. Cell 2005; 120: 483-95.
    • (2005) Cell , vol.120 , pp. 483-495
    • Balaban, R.S.1    Nemoto, S.2    Finkel, T.3
  • 25
    • 36949083936 scopus 로고
    • Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemi-osmotic type of mechanism
    • Mitchell P. Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemi-osmotic type of mechanism. Nature 1961; 191: 144-8.
    • (1961) Nature , vol.191 , pp. 144-148
    • Mitchell, P.1
  • 26
    • 78650869592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial ROS generation and its regulation: mechanisms involved in H(2)O(2) signaling
    • Rigoulet M, Yoboue ED, Devin A. Mitochondrial ROS generation and its regulation: mechanisms involved in H(2)O(2) signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14: 459-68.
    • (2011) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.14 , pp. 459-468
    • Rigoulet, M.1    Yoboue, E.D.2    Devin, A.3
  • 27
    • 58249093939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species
    • Murphy MP. How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochem J 2009; 417: 1-13.
    • (2009) Biochem J , vol.417 , pp. 1-13
    • Murphy, M.P.1
  • 28
    • 10344264960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial H(+) leak and ROS generation: an odd couple
    • Brookes PS. Mitochondrial H(+) leak and ROS generation: an odd couple. Free Radic Biol Med 2005; 38: 12-23.
    • (2005) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.38 , pp. 12-23
    • Brookes, P.S.1
  • 29
    • 79953762174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the biological roles of reactive oxygen species
    • Murphy MP, Holmgren A, Larsson NG et al. Unraveling the biological roles of reactive oxygen species. Cell Metab 2011; 13: 361-6.
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.13 , pp. 361-366
    • Murphy, M.P.1    Holmgren, A.2    Larsson, N.G.3
  • 30
    • 70349515574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there more to aging than mitochondrial DNA and reactive oxygen species?
    • Alexeyev MF. Is there more to aging than mitochondrial DNA and reactive oxygen species? FEBS J 2009; 276: 5768-87.
    • (2009) FEBS J , vol.276 , pp. 5768-5787
    • Alexeyev, M.F.1
  • 31
    • 34548126843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorescent and luminescent probes for measurement of oxidative and nitrosative species in cells and tissues: progress, pitfalls, and prospects
    • Wardman P. Fluorescent and luminescent probes for measurement of oxidative and nitrosative species in cells and tissues: progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43: 995-1022.
    • (2007) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.43 , pp. 995-1022
    • Wardman, P.1
  • 32
    • 77950515980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroethidine- and MitoSOX-derived red fluorescence is not a reliable indicator of intracellular superoxide formation: another inconvenient truth
    • Zielonka J, Kalyanaraman B. Hydroethidine- and MitoSOX-derived red fluorescence is not a reliable indicator of intracellular superoxide formation: another inconvenient truth. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 48: 983-1001.
    • (2010) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.48 , pp. 983-1001
    • Zielonka, J.1    Kalyanaraman, B.2
  • 33
    • 5344234747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of hydrogen peroxide with Amplex Red: interference by NADH and reduced glutathione auto-oxidation
    • Votyakova TV, Reynolds IJ. Detection of hydrogen peroxide with Amplex Red: interference by NADH and reduced glutathione auto-oxidation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2004; 431: 138-44.
    • (2004) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.431 , pp. 138-144
    • Votyakova, T.V.1    Reynolds, I.J.2
  • 34
    • 0842344106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating mitochondrial redox potential with redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein indicators
    • Hanson GT, Aggeler R, Oglesbee D et al. Investigating mitochondrial redox potential with redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein indicators. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 13044-53.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 13044-13053
    • Hanson, G.T.1    Aggeler, R.2    Oglesbee, D.3
  • 35
    • 33645283923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically encoded fluorescent indicator for intracellular hydrogen peroxide
    • Belousov VV, Fradkov AF, Lukyanov KA et al. Genetically encoded fluorescent indicator for intracellular hydrogen peroxide. Nat Methods 2006; 3: 281-6.
    • (2006) Nat Methods , vol.3 , pp. 281-286
    • Belousov, V.V.1    Fradkov, A.F.2    Lukyanov, K.A.3
  • 36
    • 77955048966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for detection and measurement of hydrogen peroxide inside and outside of cells
    • Rhee SG, Chang TS, Jeong W, Kang D. Methods for detection and measurement of hydrogen peroxide inside and outside of cells. Mol Cells 2010; 29: 539-49.
    • (2010) Mol Cells , vol.29 , pp. 539-549
    • Rhee, S.G.1    Chang, T.S.2    Jeong, W.3    Kang, D.4
  • 37
    • 82955227412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo mapping of hydrogen peroxide and oxidized glutathione reveals chemical and regional specificity of redox homeostasis
    • Albrecht SC, Barata AG, Grosshans J, Teleman AA, Dick TP. In vivo mapping of hydrogen peroxide and oxidized glutathione reveals chemical and regional specificity of redox homeostasis. Cell Metab 2011; 14: 819-29.
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.14 , pp. 819-829
    • Albrecht, S.C.1    Barata, A.G.2    Grosshans, J.3    Teleman, A.A.4    Dick, T.P.5
  • 38
    • 79952144564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of H2O2 within living Drosophila during aging using a ratiometric mass spectrometry probe targeted to the mitochondrial matrix
    • Cocheme HM, Quin C, McQuaker SJ et al. Measurement of H2O2 within living Drosophila during aging using a ratiometric mass spectrometry probe targeted to the mitochondrial matrix. Cell Metab 2011; 13: 340-50.
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.13 , pp. 340-350
    • Cocheme, H.M.1    Quin, C.2    McQuaker, S.J.3
  • 39
    • 21144434217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extension of murine life span by overexpression of catalase targeted to mitochondria
    • Schriner SE, Linford NJ, Martin GM et al. Extension of murine life span by overexpression of catalase targeted to mitochondria. Science 2005; 308: 1909-11.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1909-1911
    • Schriner, S.E.1    Linford, N.J.2    Martin, G.M.3
  • 40
    • 0037059057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA interference-mediated silencing of Sod2 in Drosophila leads to early adult-onset mortality and elevated endogenous oxidative stress
    • Kirby K, Hu J, Hilliker AJ, Phillips JP. RNA interference-mediated silencing of Sod2 in Drosophila leads to early adult-onset mortality and elevated endogenous oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99: 16162-7.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.99 , pp. 16162-16167
    • Kirby, K.1    Hu, J.2    Hilliker, A.J.3    Phillips, J.P.4
  • 41
    • 0346100684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Sod2 null mutation confers severely reduced adult life span in Drosophila
    • Duttaroy A, Paul A, Kundu M, Belton A. A Sod2 null mutation confers severely reduced adult life span in Drosophila. Genetics 2003; 165: 2295-9.
    • (2003) Genetics , vol.165 , pp. 2295-2299
    • Duttaroy, A.1    Paul, A.2    Kundu, M.3    Belton, A.4
  • 42
    • 0029838063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegeneration, myocardial injury, and perinatal death in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase-deficient mice
    • Lebovitz RM, Zhang H, Vogel H et al. Neurodegeneration, myocardial injury, and perinatal death in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93: 9782-7.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.93 , pp. 9782-9787
    • Lebovitz, R.M.1    Zhang, H.2    Vogel, H.3
  • 43
    • 0028827252 scopus 로고
    • Dilated cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality in mutant mice lacking manganese superoxide dismutase
    • Li Y, Huang TT, Carlson EJ et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality in mutant mice lacking manganese superoxide dismutase. Nat Genet 1995; 11: 376-81.
    • (1995) Nat Genet , vol.11 , pp. 376-381
    • Li, Y.1    Huang, T.T.2    Carlson, E.J.3
  • 45
    • 12144288373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life-long reduction in MnSOD activity results in increased DNA damage and higher incidence of cancer but does not accelerate aging
    • Van Remmen H, Ikeno Y, Hamilton M et al. Life-long reduction in MnSOD activity results in increased DNA damage and higher incidence of cancer but does not accelerate aging. Physiol Genomics 2003; 16: 29-37.
    • (2003) Physiol Genomics , vol.16 , pp. 29-37
    • Van Remmen, H.1    Ikeno, Y.2    Hamilton, M.3
  • 46
    • 75149126964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice deficient in both Mn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase-1 have increased oxidative damage and a greater incidence of pathology but no reduction in longevity
    • Zhang Y, Ikeno Y, Qi W et al. Mice deficient in both Mn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase-1 have increased oxidative damage and a greater incidence of pathology but no reduction in longevity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009; 64: 1212-20.
    • (2009) J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci , vol.64 , pp. 1212-1220
    • Zhang, Y.1    Ikeno, Y.2    Qi, W.3
  • 47
    • 34948853679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in glutathione peroxidase 4 increases life span through increased sensitivity to apoptosis
    • Ran Q, Liang H, Ikeno Y et al. Reduction in glutathione peroxidase 4 increases life span through increased sensitivity to apoptosis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62: 932-42.
    • (2007) J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci , vol.62 , pp. 932-942
    • Ran, Q.1    Liang, H.2    Ikeno, Y.3
  • 48
    • 29144458899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic mtDNA mutations cause aging phenotypes without affecting reactive oxygen species production
    • Trifunovic A, Hansson A, Wredenberg A et al. Somatic mtDNA mutations cause aging phenotypes without affecting reactive oxygen species production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102: 17993-8.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.102 , pp. 17993-17998
    • Trifunovic, A.1    Hansson, A.2    Wredenberg, A.3
  • 49
    • 0031930319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial transcription factor A is necessary for mtDNA maintenance and embryogenesis in mice
    • Larsson NG, Wang J, Wilhelmsson H et al. Mitochondrial transcription factor A is necessary for mtDNA maintenance and embryogenesis in mice. Nat Genet 1998; 18: 231-6.
    • (1998) Nat Genet , vol.18 , pp. 231-236
    • Larsson, N.G.1    Wang, J.2    Wilhelmsson, H.3
  • 50
    • 83455228665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial genome instability and ROS enhance intestinal tumorigenesis in APC(Min/+) mice
    • Woo DK, Green PD, Santos JH et al. Mitochondrial genome instability and ROS enhance intestinal tumorigenesis in APC(Min/+) mice. Am J Pathol 2012; 180: 24-31.
    • (2012) Am J Pathol , vol.180 , pp. 24-31
    • Woo, D.K.1    Green, P.D.2    Santos, J.H.3
  • 52
    • 0025362247 scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase in Drosophila does not affect life-span
    • Seto NO, Hayashi S, Tener GM. Overexpression of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase in Drosophila does not affect life-span. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87: 4270-4.
    • (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.87 , pp. 4270-4274
    • Seto, N.O.1    Hayashi, S.2    Tener, G.M.3
  • 53
    • 33344479169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of exogenous antioxidants on lifespan and oxidative stress resistance in Drosophila melanogaster
    • Magwere T, West M, Riyahi K, Murphy MP, Smith RA, Partridge L. The effects of exogenous antioxidants on lifespan and oxidative stress resistance in Drosophila melanogaster. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127: 356-70.
    • (2006) Mech Ageing Dev , vol.127 , pp. 356-370
    • Magwere, T.1    West, M.2    Riyahi, K.3    Murphy, M.P.4    Smith, R.A.5    Partridge, L.6
  • 54
    • 57749095081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Against the oxidative damage theory of aging: superoxide dismutases protect against oxidative stress but have little or no effect on life span in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Doonan R, McElwee JJ, Matthijssens F et al. Against the oxidative damage theory of aging: superoxide dismutases protect against oxidative stress but have little or no effect on life span in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genes Dev 2008; 22: 3236-41.
    • (2008) Genes Dev , vol.22 , pp. 3236-3241
    • Doonan, R.1    McElwee, J.J.2    Matthijssens, F.3
  • 55
    • 61449184625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deletion of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase sod-2 extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Van Raamsdonk JM, Hekimi S. Deletion of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase sod-2 extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2009; 5: e1000361.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Van Raamsdonk, J.M.1    Hekimi, S.2
  • 56
    • 37249016870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Measurable increase in oxidative damage due to reduction in superoxide detoxification fails to shorten the life span of long-lived mitochondrial mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Yang W, Li J, Hekimi S. A Measurable increase in oxidative damage due to reduction in superoxide detoxification fails to shorten the life span of long-lived mitochondrial mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2007; 177: 2063-74.
    • (2007) Genetics , vol.177 , pp. 2063-2074
    • Yang, W.1    Li, J.2    Hekimi, S.3
  • 57
    • 84859575436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superoxide dismutase is dispensable for normal animal lifespan
    • Van Raamsdonk JM, Hekimi S. Superoxide dismutase is dispensable for normal animal lifespan. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109: 5785-90.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.109 , pp. 5785-5790
    • Van Raamsdonk, J.M.1    Hekimi, S.2
  • 58
    • 2542446099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging in vertebrates, and the effect of caloric restriction: a mitochondrial free radical production-DNA damage mechanism?
    • Barja G. Aging in vertebrates, and the effect of caloric restriction: a mitochondrial free radical production-DNA damage mechanism? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2004; 79: 235-51.
    • (2004) Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc , vol.79 , pp. 235-251
    • Barja, G.1
  • 59
    • 23844488868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minireview: the role of oxidative stress in relation to caloric restriction and longevity
    • Gredilla R, Barja G. Minireview: the role of oxidative stress in relation to caloric restriction and longevity. Endocrinology 2005; 146: 3713-7.
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 3713-3717
    • Gredilla, R.1    Barja, G.2
  • 60
    • 0030038103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress, caloric restriction, and aging
    • Sohal RS, Weindruch R. Oxidative stress, caloric restriction, and aging. Science 1996; 273: 59-63.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 59-63
    • Sohal, R.S.1    Weindruch, R.2
  • 61
    • 79959350253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extending life span by increasing oxidative stress
    • Ristow M, Schmeisser S. Extending life span by increasing oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51: 327-36.
    • (2011) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.51 , pp. 327-336
    • Ristow, M.1    Schmeisser, S.2
  • 62
    • 34748850786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose restriction extends Caenorhabditis elegans life span by inducing mitochondrial respiration and increasing oxidative stress
    • Schulz TJ, Zarse K, Voigt A, Urban N, Birringer M, Ristow M. Glucose restriction extends Caenorhabditis elegans life span by inducing mitochondrial respiration and increasing oxidative stress. Cell Metab 2007; 6: 280-93.
    • (2007) Cell Metab , vol.6 , pp. 280-293
    • Schulz, T.J.1    Zarse, K.2    Voigt, A.3    Urban, N.4    Birringer, M.5    Ristow, M.6
  • 63
    • 26944475237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calorie restriction delays lipid oxidative damage in Drosophila melanogaster
    • Zheng J, Mutcherson R 2nd, Helfand SL. Calorie restriction delays lipid oxidative damage in Drosophila melanogaster. Aging Cell 2005; 4: 209-16.
    • (2005) Aging Cell , vol.4 , pp. 209-216
    • Zheng, J.1    Mutcherson II, R.2    Helfand, S.L.3
  • 64
    • 77952548782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How increased oxidative stress promotes longevity and metabolic health: the concept of mitochondrial hormesis (mitohormesis)
    • Ristow M, Zarse K. How increased oxidative stress promotes longevity and metabolic health: the concept of mitochondrial hormesis (mitohormesis). Exp Gerontol 2010; 45: 410-8.
    • (2010) Exp Gerontol , vol.45 , pp. 410-418
    • Ristow, M.1    Zarse, K.2
  • 65
    • 82955233648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Old enzymes, new tricks: sirtuins are NAD(+)-dependent de-acylases
    • Hirschey MD. Old enzymes, new tricks: sirtuins are NAD(+)-dependent de-acylases. Cell Metab 2011; 14: 718-9.
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.14 , pp. 718-719
    • Hirschey, M.D.1
  • 66
    • 79958041304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine tuning our cellular factories: sirtuins in mitochondrial biology
    • Zhong L, Mostoslavsky R. Fine tuning our cellular factories: sirtuins in mitochondrial biology. Cell Metab 2011; 13: 621-6.
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.13 , pp. 621-626
    • Zhong, L.1    Mostoslavsky, R.2
  • 68
    • 42449132299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human SIRT3 protein deacetylase is exclusively mitochondrial
    • Cooper HM, Spelbrink JN. The human SIRT3 protein deacetylase is exclusively mitochondrial. Biochem J 2008; 411: 279-85.
    • (2008) Biochem J , vol.411 , pp. 279-285
    • Cooper, H.M.1    Spelbrink, J.N.2
  • 69
    • 79957979314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumour suppressor SIRT3 deacetylates and activates manganese superoxide dismutase to scavenge ROS
    • Chen Y, Zhang J, Lin Y et al. Tumour suppressor SIRT3 deacetylates and activates manganese superoxide dismutase to scavenge ROS. EMBO Rep 2011; 12: 534-41.
    • (2011) EMBO Rep , vol.12 , pp. 534-541
    • Chen, Y.1    Zhang, J.2    Lin, Y.3
  • 70
    • 78651468722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sirt3 mediates reduction of oxidative damage and prevention of age-related hearing loss under caloric restriction
    • Someya S, Yu W, Hallows WC et al. Sirt3 mediates reduction of oxidative damage and prevention of age-related hearing loss under caloric restriction. Cell 2010; 143: 802-12.
    • (2010) Cell , vol.143 , pp. 802-812
    • Someya, S.1    Yu, W.2    Hallows, W.C.3
  • 71
    • 78649521247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calorie restriction reduces oxidative stress by SIRT3-mediated SOD2 activation
    • Qiu X, Brown K, Hirschey MD, Verdin E, Chen D. Calorie restriction reduces oxidative stress by SIRT3-mediated SOD2 activation. Cell Metab 2010; 12: 662-7.
    • (2010) Cell Metab , vol.12 , pp. 662-667
    • Qiu, X.1    Brown, K.2    Hirschey, M.D.3    Verdin, E.4    Chen, D.5
  • 72
    • 84860809347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SIRT3, a pivotal actor in mitochondrial functions: metabolism, cell death and aging
    • Giralt A, Villarroya F. SIRT3, a pivotal actor in mitochondrial functions: metabolism, cell death and aging. Biochem J 2012; 444: 1-10.
    • (2012) Biochem J , vol.444 , pp. 1-10
    • Giralt, A.1    Villarroya, F.2
  • 73
    • 79958041601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The SirT3 divining rod points to oxidative stress
    • Bell EL, Guarente L. The SirT3 divining rod points to oxidative stress. Mol Cell 2011; 42: 561-8.
    • (2011) Mol Cell , vol.42 , pp. 561-568
    • Bell, E.L.1    Guarente, L.2
  • 74
    • 10744232772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the SIRT3 gene, human silent information regulator Sir2 homologue, and survivorship in the elderly
    • Rose G, Dato S, Altomare K et al. Variability of the SIRT3 gene, human silent information regulator Sir2 homologue, and survivorship in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 2003; 38: 1065-70.
    • (2003) Exp Gerontol , vol.38 , pp. 1065-1070
    • Rose, G.1    Dato, S.2    Altomare, K.3
  • 75
    • 80053168829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of effects of Sir2 overexpression on lifespan in C. elegans and Drosophila
    • Burnett C, Valentini S, Cabreiro F et al. Absence of effects of Sir2 overexpression on lifespan in C. elegans and Drosophila. Nature 2011; 477: 482-5.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.477 , pp. 482-485
    • Burnett, C.1    Valentini, S.2    Cabreiro, F.3
  • 76
    • 78649482634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SIRT1: recent lessons from mouse models
    • Herranz D, Serrano M. SIRT1: recent lessons from mouse models. Nat Rev Cancer 2010; 10: 819-23.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.10 , pp. 819-823
    • Herranz, D.1    Serrano, M.2
  • 77
    • 69949091182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the oxidative stress theory of aging dead?
    • Perez VI, Bokov A, Van Remmen H et al. Is the oxidative stress theory of aging dead? Biochim Biophys Acta 2009; 1790: 1005-14.
    • (2009) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1790 , pp. 1005-1014
    • Perez, V.I.1    Bokov, A.2    Van Remmen, H.3
  • 78
    • 66149135335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of the mitochondrial phenotype and slow development of oxidative biomarkers of aging in long-lived Mclk1 + /- mice
    • Lapointe J, Stepanyan Z, Bigras E, Hekimi S. Reversal of the mitochondrial phenotype and slow development of oxidative biomarkers of aging in long-lived Mclk1 + /- mice. J Biol Chem 2009; 284: 20364-74.
    • (2009) J Biol Chem , vol.284 , pp. 20364-20374
    • Lapointe, J.1    Stepanyan, Z.2    Bigras, E.3    Hekimi, S.4
  • 79
    • 84858376953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria: in sickness and in health
    • Nunnari J, Suomalainen A. Mitochondria: in sickness and in health. Cell 2012; 148: 1145-59.
    • (2012) Cell , vol.148 , pp. 1145-1159
    • Nunnari, J.1    Suomalainen, A.2
  • 80
    • 77957743736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial myopathy induces a starvation-like response
    • Tyynismaa H, Carroll CJ, Raimundo N et al. Mitochondrial myopathy induces a starvation-like response. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19: 3948-58.
    • (2010) Hum Mol Genet , vol.19 , pp. 3948-3958
    • Tyynismaa, H.1    Carroll, C.J.2    Raimundo, N.3
  • 81
    • 34249711964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is regulated by PPARalpha and is a key mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism in ketotic states
    • Badman MK, Pissios P, Kennedy AR, Koukos G, Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is regulated by PPARalpha and is a key mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism in ketotic states. Cell Metab 2007; 5: 426-37.
    • (2007) Cell Metab , vol.5 , pp. 426-437
    • Badman, M.K.1    Pissios, P.2    Kennedy, A.R.3    Koukos, G.4    Flier, J.S.5    Maratos-Flier, E.6
  • 82
    • 34249686631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine regulation of the fasting response by PPARalpha-mediated induction of fibroblast growth factor 21
    • Inagaki T, Dutchak P, Zhao G et al. Endocrine regulation of the fasting response by PPARalpha-mediated induction of fibroblast growth factor 21. Cell Metab 2007; 5: 415-25.
    • (2007) Cell Metab , vol.5 , pp. 415-425
    • Inagaki, T.1    Dutchak, P.2    Zhao, G.3
  • 85
    • 77950355880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SnapShot: Reactive Oxygen Intermediates (ROI)
    • Nathan C, Ding A. SnapShot: Reactive Oxygen Intermediates (ROI). Cell 2010; 140: 951-e2.
    • (2010) Cell , vol.140
    • Nathan, C.1    Ding, A.2
  • 87
    • 0035037331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of intracellular oxidation in death induction (apoptosis and necrosis) in human promonocytic cells treated with stress inducers (cadmium, heat, X-rays)
    • Galan A, Garcia-Bermejo L, Troyano A et al. The role of intracellular oxidation in death induction (apoptosis and necrosis) in human promonocytic cells treated with stress inducers (cadmium, heat, X-rays). Eur J Cell Biol 2001; 80: 312-20.
    • (2001) Eur J Cell Biol , vol.80 , pp. 312-320
    • Galan, A.1    Garcia-Bermejo, L.2    Troyano, A.3
  • 88
    • 84857116578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation in cellular signaling
    • Ray PD, Huang BW, Tsuji Y. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation in cellular signaling. Cell Signal 2012; 24: 981-90.
    • (2012) Cell Signal , vol.24 , pp. 981-990
    • Ray, P.D.1    Huang, B.W.2    Tsuji, Y.3
  • 89
    • 22544453858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular reactive oxygen species activate Src tyrosine kinase during cell adhesion and anchorage-dependent cell growth
    • Giannoni E, Buricchi F, Raugei G, Ramponi G, Chiarugi P. Intracellular reactive oxygen species activate Src tyrosine kinase during cell adhesion and anchorage-dependent cell growth. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25: 6391-403.
    • (2005) Mol Cell Biol , vol.25 , pp. 6391-6403
    • Giannoni, E.1    Buricchi, F.2    Raugei, G.3    Ramponi, G.4    Chiarugi, P.5
  • 90
    • 0037036358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible inactivation of the tumor suppressor PTEN by H2O2
    • Lee SR, Yang KS, Kwon J, Lee C, Jeong W, Rhee SG. Reversible inactivation of the tumor suppressor PTEN by H2O2. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 20336-42.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 20336-20342
    • Lee, S.R.1    Yang, K.S.2    Kwon, J.3    Lee, C.4    Jeong, W.5    Rhee, S.G.6
  • 91
    • 1842574410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals
    • Hercberg S, Galan P, Preziosi P et al. The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 2335-42.
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 2335-2342
    • Hercberg, S.1    Galan, P.2    Preziosi, P.3
  • 92
    • 33750701864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant vitamins and minerals in prevention of cancers: lessons from the SU.VI.MAX study
    • Hercberg S, Czernichow S, Galan P. Antioxidant vitamins and minerals in prevention of cancers: lessons from the SU.VI.MAX study. Br J Nutr 2006; 96(Suppl 1): S28-30.
    • (2006) Br J Nutr , vol.96 , Issue.SUPPL 1
    • Hercberg, S.1    Czernichow, S.2    Galan, P.3
  • 93
    • 4744372695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant supplements for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Simonetti RG, Gluud C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2004; 364: 1219-28.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , pp. 1219-1228
    • Bjelakovic, G.1    Nikolova, D.2    Simonetti, R.G.3    Gluud, C.4
  • 94
    • 79959305691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria: the next (neurode) generation
    • Schon EA, Przedborski S. Mitochondria: the next (neurode) generation. Neuron 2011; 70: 1033-53.
    • (2011) Neuron , vol.70 , pp. 1033-1053
    • Schon, E.A.1    Przedborski, S.2
  • 95
    • 84858148877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant clinical trials in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
    • Mecocci P, Polidori MC. Antioxidant clinical trials in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1822: 631-8.
    • (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1822 , pp. 631-638
    • Mecocci, P.1    Polidori, M.C.2
  • 96
    • 0032420027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E and vitamin C supplement use and risk of incident Alzheimer disease
    • Morris MC, Beckett LA, Scherr PA et al. Vitamin E and vitamin C supplement use and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1998; 12: 121-6.
    • (1998) Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord , vol.12 , pp. 121-126
    • Morris, M.C.1    Beckett, L.A.2    Scherr, P.A.3
  • 97
    • 67650921433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E paradox in Alzheimer's disease: it does not prevent loss of cognition and may even be detrimental
    • Lloret A, Badia MC, Mora NJ, Pallardo FV, Alonso MD, Vina J. Vitamin E paradox in Alzheimer's disease: it does not prevent loss of cognition and may even be detrimental. J Alzheimers Dis 2009; 17: 143-9.
    • (2009) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.17 , pp. 143-149
    • Lloret, A.1    Badia, M.C.2    Mora, N.J.3    Pallardo, F.V.4    Alonso, M.D.5    Vina, J.6
  • 99
    • 11144244985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E intake and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Ascherio A, Weisskopf MG, O'Reilly EJ et al. Vitamin E intake and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2005; 57: 104-10.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 104-110
    • Ascherio, A.1    Weisskopf, M.G.2    O'Reilly, E.J.3
  • 100
    • 0035007860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ALS riluzole-tocopherol Study Group
    • Desnuelle C, Dib M, Garrel C, Favier A. A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ALS riluzole-tocopherol Study Group. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord 2001; 2: 9-18.
    • (2001) Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord , vol.2 , pp. 9-18
    • Desnuelle, C.1    Dib, M.2    Garrel, C.3    Favier, A.4
  • 101
    • 70249116820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase II trial of CoQ10 for ALS finds insufficient evidence to justify phase III
    • Kaufmann P, Thompson JL, Levy G et al. Phase II trial of CoQ10 for ALS finds insufficient evidence to justify phase III. Ann Neurol 2009; 66: 235-44.
    • (2009) Ann Neurol , vol.66 , pp. 235-244
    • Kaufmann, P.1    Thompson, J.L.2    Levy, G.3
  • 102
    • 0031886591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selegiline is ineffective in a collaborative double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Lange DJ, Murphy PL, Diamond B et al. Selegiline is ineffective in a collaborative double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Neurol 1998; 55: 93-6.
    • (1998) Arch Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 93-96
    • Lange, D.J.1    Murphy, P.L.2    Diamond, B.3
  • 103
    • 0029040463 scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of acetylcysteine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Louwerse ES, Weverling GJ, Bossuyt PM, Meyjes FE, de Jong JM. Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of acetylcysteine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Neurol 1995; 52: 559-64.
    • (1995) Arch Neurol , vol.52 , pp. 559-564
    • Louwerse, E.S.1    Weverling, G.J.2    Bossuyt, P.M.3    Meyjes, F.E.4    de Jong, J.M.5
  • 104
    • 77955792985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ as a disease-modifying therapy in Parkinson's disease
    • Snow BJ, Rolfe FL, Lockhart MM et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ as a disease-modifying therapy in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2010; 25: 1670-4.
    • (2010) Mov Disord , vol.25 , pp. 1670-1674
    • Snow, B.J.1    Rolfe, F.L.2    Lockhart, M.M.3
  • 105
    • 78650890352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of autophagy by ROS: physiology and pathology
    • Scherz-Shouval R, Elazar Z. Regulation of autophagy by ROS: physiology and pathology. Trends Biochem Sci 2011; 36: 30-8.
    • (2011) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.36 , pp. 30-38
    • Scherz-Shouval, R.1    Elazar, Z.2
  • 106
    • 79954571354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy
    • Twig G, Shirihai OS. The interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14: 1939-51.
    • (2011) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.14 , pp. 1939-1951
    • Twig, G.1    Shirihai, O.S.2
  • 107
    • 84867740975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitophagy is triggered by mild oxidative stress in a mitochondrial fission dependent manner
    • Frank M, Duvezin-Caubet S, Koob S et al. Mitophagy is triggered by mild oxidative stress in a mitochondrial fission dependent manner. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1823: 2297-310.
    • (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1823 , pp. 2297-2310
    • Frank, M.1    Duvezin-Caubet, S.2    Koob, S.3
  • 108
    • 84867273800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ROS-induced mitochondrial depolarization initiates PARK2/PARKIN-dependent mitochondrial degradation by autophagy
    • Wang Y, Nartiss Y, Steipe B, McQuibban GA, Kim PK. ROS-induced mitochondrial depolarization initiates PARK2/PARKIN-dependent mitochondrial degradation by autophagy. Autophagy 2012; 8: 1462-76.
    • (2012) Autophagy , vol.8 , pp. 1462-1476
    • Wang, Y.1    Nartiss, Y.2    Steipe, B.3    McQuibban, G.A.4    Kim, P.K.5
  • 109
    • 80052334347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracing the Trail of Protons through Complex I of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain
    • Mourier A, Larsson NG. Tracing the Trail of Protons through Complex I of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain. PLoS Biol 2011; 9: e1001129.
    • (2011) PLoS Biol , vol.9
    • Mourier, A.1    Larsson, N.G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.