On enzyme-based anticancer molecular dietary manipulations

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Sapone, Andrea ^a   Canistro, Donatella ^a   Melega, Simone ^a   Moles, Ramona ^a   Vivarelli, Fabio ^a   Paolini, Moreno ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLYL SULFIDE; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ASCORBIC ACID; BETA CAROTENE; CYTOCHROME P450; ENZYME; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; RESVERATROL; RETINOL; XENOBIOTIC AGENT;

CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER RISK; CATALYST; DIET; FOOD INTAKE; GARLIC; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; HUMAN; MUTAGENESIS; NONHUMAN; NUTRIENT; PUBLIC HEALTH; REVIEW; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM; XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM; ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; DIET THERAPY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; NEOPLASM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY;

ANIMALS; DIET; DIET THERAPY; ENZYMES; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NEOPLASMS; XENOBIOTICS;

EID: 84867292404     PISSN: 11107243     EISSN: 11107251     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/790987     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Bailar J. C., Gornik H. L., Cancer undefeated. New England Journal of Medicine 1997 336 22 1569 1574 2-s2.0-0030976173 10.1056/NEJM199705293362206 (Pubitemid 27231159)
2. McGinnis J. M., Foege W. H., Actual causes of death in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association 1993 270 18 2207 2212 2-s2.0-0027360855 10.1001/jama.270.18.2207 (Pubitemid 23323637)
3. Wicki A., Hagmann J., Diet and cancer. Swiss Medical Weekly 2011 141 13250
4. Khan N., Afaq F., Mukhtar H., Lifestyle as risk factor for cancer: evidence from human studies. Cancer Letters 2010 293 2 133 143 2-s2.0-77952476547 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.12.013
5. World Cancer Research Foundation and American Institute for Cancer Research, Food nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective, World Cancer Research Foundation and American Institute for Cancer Research, Washington, DC, USA, 1997.
6. Woyengo T. A., Ramprasath V. R., Jones P. J. H., Anticancer effects of phytosterols. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009 63 7 813 820 2-s2.0-67650245083 10.1038/ejcn.2009.29
7. American Cancer Society Advisory Committee on Diet, Nutrition and cancer prevention. CA Cancer Journal for Clinicians 1996 46 325 341
8. Nestle M., Dietary recommendations for cancer prevention: public policy implementation. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs 1992 12 153 157 2-s2.0-0026473830
9. Nestle M., Broccoli sprouts as inducers of carcinogen-detoxifying enzyme systems: clinical, dietary, and policy implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 94 21 11149 11151 2-s2.0-0030764297 10.1073/pnas.94.21.11149 (Pubitemid 27450963)
10. Saldanha S. N., Tollefsbol T. O., The role of nutraceuticals in chemoprevention and chemotherapy and their clinical outcomes. Journal of Oncology 2012 2012 23 10.1155/2012/192464 192464
11. Peto R., Doll R., Buckley J. D., Sporn M. B., Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates? Nature 1981 290 5803 201 213 2-s2.0-0019422226 (Pubitemid 11149645)
12. Wattenberg L. W., Chemoprevention of cancer. Cancer Research 1985 45 1 1 8 2-s2.0-0021934758 (Pubitemid 15196921)
13. Morse M. A., Stoner G. D., Cancer chemoprevention: principles and prospects. Carcinogenesis 1993 14 9 1737 1746 2-s2.0-0027527396 (Pubitemid 23290882)
14. Gerhäuser C., You M., Liu J., Moriarty R. M., Hawthorne M., Mehta R. G., Moon R. C., Pezzuto J. M., Cancer chemopreventive potential of sulforamate, a novel analogue of sulforaphane that induces phase 2 drug-metabolizing enzymes. Cancer Research 1997 57 2 272 278 2-s2.0-0031025733 (Pubitemid 27036605)
15. Shimada T., Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes involved in activation and detoxification of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 2006 21 4 257 276 2-s2.0-34047243800 10.2133/dmpk.21.257
16. Dadali V. A., Makarov V. G., Biologically active substances from medicinal plants as a factor of the organism detoxication. Voprosy Pitaniia 2003 72 5 49 55 2-s2.0-2142748491
17. Vereczkey L., Jemnitz K., Gregus Z., Human drug metabolizing enzymes II. Conjugation enzymes. Acta Pharmaceutica Hungarica 1998 68 5 284 288 2-s2.0-0032160649 (Pubitemid 28471906)
18. Prestera T., Holtzclaw W. D., Zhang Y., Talalay P., Chemical and molecular regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993 90 7 2965 2969 2-s2.0-0027394238 (Pubitemid 23113538)
19. Kelloff G. J., Boone C. W., Crowell J. A., Steele V. E., Lubet R. A., Doody L. A., Malone W. F., Hawk E. T., Sigman C. C., New agents for cancer chemoprevention. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 1996 63 26 1 28 2-s2.0-0030322859 (Pubitemid 27203750)
20. Gerhauser C., You M., Liu J., Chemopreventive potential of a novel sulforaphane analog. The Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research 1996 37, article A189
21. Zhang Y., Kensler T. W., Cho C. G., Posner G. H., Talalay P., Anticarcinogenic activities of sulforaphane and structurally related synthetic norbornyl isothiocyanates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994 91 8 3147 3150 2-s2.0-0028203252 (Pubitemid 24130192)
22. Zhang Y., Talalay P., Mechanism of differential potencies of isothiocyanates as inducers of anticarcinogenic Phase 2 enzymes. Cancer Research 1998 58 20 4632 4639 2-s2.0-0032532317 (Pubitemid 28480628)
23. Jang M., Cai L., Udeani G. O., Slowing K. V., Thomas C. F., Beecher C. W. W., Fong H. H. S., Farnsworth N. R., Kinghorn A. D., Mehta R. G., Moon R. C., Pezzuto J. M., Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science 1997 275 5297 218 220 2-s2.0-0031561513 (Pubitemid 127696281)
24. Verhoeven D. T. H., Verhagen H., Goldbohm R. A., Van Den Brandt P. A., Van Poppel G., A review of mechanisms underlying anticarcinogenicity by brassica vegetables. Chemico-Biological Interactions 1997 103 2 79 129 2-s2.0-0031588808 10.1016/S0009-2797(96)03745-3 (Pubitemid 27081513)
25. Verhoeven D. T. H., Goldbohm R. A., Van Poppel G., Verhagen H., Van Den Brandt P. A., Epidemiological studies on Brassica vegetables and cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 1996 5 9 733 748 2-s2.0-0029835537 (Pubitemid 26304649)
26. Herr I., Büchler M. W., Dietary constituents of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables: implications for prevention and therapy of cancer. Cancer Treatment Reviews 2010 36 5 377 383 2-s2.0-77953744137 10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.01.002
27. Steinkellner H., Rabot S., Freywald C., Nobis E., Scharf G., Chabicovsky M., Knasmüller S., Kassie F., Effects of cruciferous vegetables and their constituents on drug metabolizing enzymes involved in the bioactivation of DNA-reactive dietary carcinogens. Mutation Research 2001 480-481 285 297 2-s2.0-0035451660 (Pubitemid 32744835)
28. Lampe J. W., Peterson S., Brassica, biotransformation and cancer risk: genetic polymorphisms alter the preventive effects of cruciferous vegetables. Journal of Nutrition 2002 132 10 2991 2994 2-s2.0-0036792160
29. Tan X. L., Spivack S. D., Dietary chemoprevention strategies for induction of phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in lung carcinogenesis: a review. Lung Cancer 2009 65 2 129 137 2-s2.0-67449156359 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009. 01.002
30. Barcelo S., Gardiner J. M., Gescher A., Chipman J. K., CYP2E1-mediated mechanism of anti-genotoxicity of the broccoli constituent sulforaphane. Carcinogenesis 1996 17 2 277 282 2-s2.0-0029879994 10.1093/carcin/17.2.277 (Pubitemid 26091306)
31. Faulkner K., Mithen R., Williamson G., Selective increase of the potential anticarcinogen 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate in broccoli. Carcinogenesis 1998 19 4 605 609 2-s2.0-0031843893 10.1093/carcin/19.4.605 (Pubitemid 28376803)
32. Tadi P. P., Teel R. W., Lau B. H. S., Organosulfur compounds of garlic modulate mutagenesis, metabolism, and DNA binding of aflatoxin B1. Nutrition and Cancer 1991 15 2 87 95 2-s2.0-0025761796
33. Hong J. Y., Smith T., Lee M. J., Li W., Ma B. L., Ning S. M., Brady J. F., Thomas P. E., Yang C. S., Metabolism of carcinogenic nitrosamines by rat nasal mucosa and the effect of diallyl sulfide. Cancer Research 1991 51 5 1509 1514 2-s2.0-0025818641
34. Hernaez J., Xu M., Dashwood R., Effects of tea and chlorophyllin on the mutagenicity of N-hydroxy-IQ: studies of enzyme inhibition, molecular complex formation, and degradation/ scavenging of the active metabolites. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 1997 30 468 474 (Pubitemid 28122549)
35. Paolini M., Brussels sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of ambiguity for anticancer strategies. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1998 152 2 293 294 2-s2.0-0032174876 10.1006/taap.1998.8517 (Pubitemid 28492270)
36. Paolini M., Legato M. S., Healthy broccoli? Nature 1992 357 6378 448 2-s2.0-0027117780
37. Murakami A., Ohnishi K., Target molecules of food phytochemicals: food science bound for the next dimension. Food Function 2012 3 462 476
38. Brünen S., Vincent P. D., Baumann P., Therapeutic drug monitoring for drugs used in the treatment of substance-related disorders: literature review using a therapeutic drug monitoring appropriateness rating scale. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 2011 33 561 572
39. Pendyala L., Schwartz G., Bolanowska-Higdon W., Hitt S., Zdanowicz J., Murphy M., Lawrence D., Creaven P. J., Phase I/pharmacodynamic study of N-acetylcysteine/oltipraz in smokers: early termination due to excessive toxicity. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 2001 10 3 269 272 2-s2.0-0035730760 (Pubitemid 34288540)
40. Cantelli-Forti G., Hrelia P., Paolini M., The pitfall of detoxifying enzymes. Mutation Research 1998 402 1-2 179 183 2-s2.0-0032543427 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00296-0 (Pubitemid 28440273)
41. Guengerich F. P., Liebler D. C., Enzymatic activation of chemicals to toxic metabolites. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 1985 14 3 259 307 2-s2.0-0021880336 (Pubitemid 15062287)
42. Hu Y., Kabler S. L., Tennant A. H., Townsend A. J., Kligerman A. D., Induction of DNA-protein crosslinks by dichloromethane in a V79 cell line transfected with the murine glutathione- S -transferase theta 1 gene. Mutation Research 2006 607 2 231 239 2-s2.0-33746567207 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.04.013 (Pubitemid 44131517)
43. Sherratt P. J., Williams S., Foster J., Kernohan N., Green T., Hayes J. D., Direct comparison of the nature of mouse and human GST T1-1 and the implications on dichloromethane carcinogenicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2002 179 2 89 97 2-s2.0-0036495994 10.1006/taap.2002.9348 (Pubitemid 34218919)
44. Sherratt P. J., Pulford D. J., Harrison D. J., Green T., Hayes J. D., Evidence that human class Theta glutathione S -transferase T1-1 can catalyse the activation of dichloromethane, a liver and lung carcinogen in the mouse: comparison of the tissue distribution of GST T1-1 with that of classes Alpha, Mu and Pi GST in human. Biochemical Journal 1997 326 3 837 846 2-s2.0-0030778937
45. Sherratt P. J., Manson M. M., Thomson A. M., Hissink E. A. M., Neal G. E., Van Bladeren P. J., Green T., Hayes J. D., Increased bioactivation of dihaloalkanes in rat liver due to induction of class Theta glutathione S -transferase T1-1. Biochemical Journal 1998 335 3 619 630 2-s2.0-0032212888 (Pubitemid 28515416)
46. Hallier E., Schroder K. R., Asmuth K., Dommermuth A., Aust B., Goergens H. W., Metabolism of dichloromethane (methylene chloride) to formaldehyde in human erythrocytes: influence of polymorphism of glutathione transferase Theta (GST T1-1). Archives of Toxicology 1994 68 7 423 427 2-s2.0-0028136267 10.1007/s002040050092 (Pubitemid 24246342)
47. Wheeler J. B., Stourman N. V., Thier R., Dommermuth A., Vuilleumier S., Rose J. A., Armstrong R. N., Guengerich F. P., Conjugation of haloalkanes by bacterial and mammalian glutathione transferases: mono- and vicinal dihaloethanes. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2001 14 8 1107 1117 2-s2.0-0034868397 10.1021/tx0100183 (Pubitemid 32800167)
48. Cho S. H., Guengerich F. P., Conjugation of butadiene diepoxide with glutathione yields DNA adducts in vitro and in vivo. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2012 25 3 706 712
49. Marsch G. A., Botta S., Martin M. V., McCormick W. A., Guengerich F. P., Formation and mass spectrometric analysis of DNA and nucleoside adducts by S-(1-acetoxymethyl)glutathione and by glutathione S -transferase-mediated activation of dihalomethanes. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2004 17 1 45 54 2-s2.0-1642539123 10.1021/tx034156z (Pubitemid 38134059)
50. Hesse S., Jernstrom B., Martinez M., Inhibition of binding of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites to nuclear DNA by glutathione and glutathione S -transferase B. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1980 94 2 612 617 2-s2.0-0019310183 (Pubitemid 10006075)
51. Kayser M. F., Vuilleumier S., Dehalogenation of dichloromethane by dichloromethane dehalogenase/glutathione S -transferase leads to formation of DNA adducts. Journal of Bacteriology 2001 183 17 5209 5212 2-s2.0-0034884901 10.1128/JB.183.17.5209-5212.2001 (Pubitemid 32750952)
52. Kim D. H., Humphreys W. G., Guengerich F. P., Characterization of S-[2-(N1-adenyl)ethyl]glutathione as an adduct formed in RNA and DNA from 1,2-dibromoethane. Chemical Research in Toxicology 1990 3 6 587 594 2-s2.0-0025204386 10.1021/tx00018a015
53. Thier R., Taylor J. B., Pemble S. E., Humphreys W. G., Persmark M., Ketterer B., Guengerich F. P., Expression of mammalian glutathione S -transferase 5-5 in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 leads to base-pair mutations upon exposure to dihalomethanes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993 90 18 8576 8580 2-s2.0-0027321555 (Pubitemid 23277712)
54. Pegram R. A., Andersen M. E., Warren S. H., Ross T. M., Claxton L. D., Glutathione S -transferase-mediated mutagenicity of trihalomethanes in Salmonella typhimurium: contrasting results with bromodichloromethane and chloroform. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1997 144 1 183 188 2-s2.0-0031149578 10.1006/taap.1997.8123 (Pubitemid 27208351)
55. Ozawa N., Guengerich F. P., Evidence for formation of an S-[2-(N7-guanyl)ethyl]glutathione adduct in glutathione-mediated binding of the carcinogen 1,2-dibromoethane to DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1983 80 17 I 5266 5270 2-s2.0-0008252723 (Pubitemid 13050214)
56. Marsch G. A., Mundkowski R. G., Morris B. J., Manier M. L., Hartman M. K., Guengerich F. P., Characterization of nucleoside and DNA adducts formed by S-(1-Acetoxymethyl)glutathione and implications for dihalomethane-Glutathione conjugates. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2001 14 5 600 608 2-s2.0-0035023205 10.1021/tx010006h (Pubitemid 32480031)
57. DeMarini D. M., Shelton M. L., Warren S. H., Glutathione S -transferase-mediated induction of GC → AT transitions by halomethanes in Salmonella. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 1997 30 4 440 447 (Pubitemid 28122546)
58. Cho S. H., Loecken E. M., Guengerich F. P., Mutagenicity of a glutathione conjugate of butadiene diepoxide. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2010 23 10 1544 1546 2-s2.0-77958088974 10.1021/tx100304f
59. Boogaard P. J., Sumner S. C. J., Bond J. A., Glutathione conjugation of 1,2:3,4-Diepoxybutane in human liver and rat and mouse liver and lung in vitro. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1996 136 2 307 316 2-s2.0-0030039686 10.1006/taap.1996.0037 (Pubitemid 26070895)
60. Nieusma J. L., Claffey D. J., Ruth J. A., Ross D., Stereochemical aspects of the conjugation of epoxide metabolites of butadiene with glutathione in rat liver cytosol and freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicological Sciences 1998 43 2 102 109 2-s2.0-0031879942 10.1006/toxs.1998.2461 (Pubitemid 28363383)
61. Thier R., Pemble S. E., Kramer H., Taylor J. B., Guengerich F. P., Ketterer B., Human glutathione S -transferase T1-1 enhances mutagenicity of 1,2-dibromoethane, dibromomethane and 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane in Salmonella typhimurium. Carcinogenesis 1996 17 1 163 166 2-s2.0-0029947171 10.1093/carcin/17.1.163 (Pubitemid 26091288)
62. Humphreys W. G., Kim D. H., Cmarik J. L., Shimada T., Guengerich F. P., Comparison of the DNA-alkylating properties and mutagenic responses of a series of S-(2-Haloethyl)-substituted cysteine and glutathione derivatives. Biochemistry® 1990 29 45 10342 10350 2-s2.0-0025075387 (Pubitemid 20384543)
63. Monien B. H., Herrmann K., Florian S., Metabolic activation of furfuryl alcohol: formation of 2-methylfuranyl DNA adducts in Salmonella typhimurium strains expressing human sulfotransferase 1A1 and in FVB/N mice. Carcinogenesis 2011 32 10 1533 1539
64. Glatt H., Boeing H., Engelke C. E. H., Ma L., Kuhlow A., Pabel U., Pomplun D., Teubner W., Meinl W., Human cytosolic sulphotransferases: genetics, characteristics, toxicological aspects. Mutation Research 2001 482 1-2 27 40 2-s2.0-0035479494 (Pubitemid 32787079)
65. Hirose M., Yamaguchi T., Kimoto N., Strong promoting activity of phenylethyl isothiocyanate and benzyl isothiocyanate on urinary bladder carcinogenesis in F344 male rats. International Journal of Cancer 1998 77 773 777 (Pubitemid 28341396)
66. Kassie F., Pool-Zobel B., Parzefall W., Knasmüller S., Genotoxic effects of benzyl isothiocyanate, a natural chemopreventive agent. Mutagenesis 1999 14 6 595 603 2-s2.0-0032728663
67. Gamet-Payrastre L., Li P., Lumeau S., Cassar G., Dupont M. A., Chevolleau S., Gasc N., Tulliez J., Tercé F., Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HT29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Research 2000 60 5 1426 1433 2-s2.0-0034162822 (Pubitemid 30152017)
68. Thier R., Müller M., Taylor J. B., Pemble S. E., Ketterer B., Peter Guengerich F., Enhancement of bacterial mutagenicity of bifunctional alkylating agents by expression of mammalian glutathione S -transferase. Chemical Research in Toxicology 1995 8 3 465 472 2-s2.0-0028930987
69. Oda Y., Yamazaki H., Thier R., Ketterer B., Guengerich F. P., Shimada T., A new Salmonella typhimurium NM5004 strain expressing rat glutathione S -transferase 5-5: use in detection of genotoxicity of dihaloalkanes using an SOS/umu test system. Carcinogenesis 1996 17 2 297 302 2-s2.0-0029925074 10.1093/carcin/17.2.297 (Pubitemid 26091310)
70. Paolini M., Pozzetti L., Silingardi P., Della Croce C., Bronzetti G., Cantelli-Forti G., Isolation of a novel metabolizing system enriched in phase-II enzymes for short-term genotoxicity bioassays. Mutation Research 1998 413 3 205 217 2-s2.0-0032579744 10.1016/S1383-5718(98)00005-9 (Pubitemid 28274543)
71. Yang C. S., Wang Z. Y., Tea and cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1993 85 13 1038 1049 2-s2.0-0027253413 (Pubitemid 23199184)
72. Fiala E. S., Bobotas G., Kulakis C., Effects of disulfiram and related compounds on the metabolism in vivo of the colon carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. Biochemical Pharmacology 1977 26 19 1763 1768 2-s2.0-0017683746 10.1016/0006-2952(77)90343-4 (Pubitemid 8163436)
73. Wargovich M. J., Diallyl sulfide, a flavor component of garlic (Allium sativum), inhibits dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer. Carcinogenesis 1987 8 3 487 489 2-s2.0-0023221785 (Pubitemid 17126191)
74. Guengerich F. P., Kim D. H., In vitro inhibition of dihydropyridine oxidation and aflatoxin B1 activation in human liver microsomes by naringenin and other flavonoids. Carcinogenesis 1990 11 12 2275 2279 2-s2.0-0025685663
75. Langouët S., Welti D. H., Kerriguy N., Fay L. B., Huynh-Ba T., Markovic J., Guengerich F. P., Guillouzo A., Turesky R. J., Metabolism of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline in human hepatocytes: 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic acid is a major detoxication pathway catalyzed by cytochrome P450 1A2. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2001 14 2 211 221 2-s2.0-0035102180 10.1021/tx000176e (Pubitemid 32173323)
76. Yang C. S., Smith T. J., Hong J. Y., Cancer prevention through modulation of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes: opportunities and limitations. The American Association for Cancer Research 1996 37 665 666
77. Nebert D. W., Drug-metabolizing enzymes in ligand-modulated transcription. Biochemical Pharmacology 1994 47 1 25 37 2-s2.0-0028040226 10.1016/0006-2952(94)90434-0 (Pubitemid 24045813)
78. Nebert D. W., Role of genetics and drug metabolism in human cancer risk. Mutation Research 1991 247 2 267 281 2-s2.0-0025859220 10.1016/0027-5107(91) 90022-G
79. Reszka E., Wasowicz W., Gromadzinska J., Genetic polymorphism of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes, diet and cancer susceptibility. British Journal of Nutrition 2006 96 4 609 619 2-s2.0-33947520381 10.1079/BJN20061878 (Pubitemid 46470184)
80. Paolini M., Sapone A., Gonzalez F. J., Parkinson's disease, pesticides and individual vulnerability. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 2004 25 3 124 129 2-s2.0-1342264250 10.1016/j.tips.2004.01.007 (Pubitemid 38264501)
81. Paolini M., Nicholl D. J., Bennett P., Bandmann O., Wood N. W., Acetylator genotype and Parkinson's disease. Lancet 1998 351 9096 141 142 2-s2.0-0032501603
82. Paolini M., Biagi G. L., Cantelli-Forti G., Le Couteur D. G., McLean A. J., Blackburn A. C., Mellick G. D., Board P. G., Glutathione transferase polymorphism and Parkinson's disease. Lancet 1999 353 9146 71 72 2-s2.0-0033514007 (Pubitemid 29037720)
83. Paolini M., Nestle M., Pitfalls of enzyme-based molecular anticancer dietary manipulations: food for thought. Mutation Research 2003 543 3 181 189 2-s2.0-0038350661 10.1016/S1383-5742(02)00092-3 (Pubitemid 36645077)
84. Gerrior S. A., Zizza C., Nutrient Content of the US Food Supply 19091990 1994 Washington, DC, USA US Department of Agriculture
85. Collins A. R., Olmedilla B., Southon S., Granado F., Duthie S. J., Serum carotenoids and oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Carcinogenesis 1998 19 12 2159 2162 2-s2.0-0032405860 10.1093/carcin/19.12.2159 (Pubitemid 29010256)
86. Paolini M., Pharmaceuticals: reduce drug waste in the environment. Nature 2011 478 36 37
87. Hennekens C. H., Buring J. E., Manson J. E., Stampfer M., Rosner B., Cook N. R., Belanger C., Lamotte F., Gaziano J. M., Ridker P. M., Willett W., Peto R., Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. New England Journal of Medicine 1996 334 18 1145 1149 2-s2.0-0345157579 10.1056/NEJM199605023341801 (Pubitemid 26137972)
88. Omenn G. S., Goodman G. E., Thornquist M. D., Balmes J., Cullen M. R., Glass A., Keogh J. P., Meyskens F. L., Valanis B., Williams J. H., Barnhart S., Cherniack M. G., Brodkin C. A., Hammar S., Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1996 88 21 1550 1559 2-s2.0-0038692733 10.1093/jnci/88.21.1550 (Pubitemid 26374508)
89. Hinds T. S., West W. L., Knight E. M., Carotenoids and retinoids: a review of research, clinical, and public health applications. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 1997 37 7 551 558 2-s2.0-0030769412 (Pubitemid 27443535)
90. Paolini M., Abdel-Rahman S. Z., Cantelli-Forti G., Legator M. S., Chemoprevention or antichemoprevention? A salutary warning from the β -Carotene experience. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2001 93 14 1110 1111 2-s2.0-0035908481 (Pubitemid 32717546)
91. Lee I. M., Cook N. R., Manson J. E., Buring J. E., Hennekens C. H., β -carotene supplementation and incidence of cancer and cardiovascular disease: the women's health study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1999 91 24 2102 2106 2-s2.0-0033572468 (Pubitemid 30019571)
92. Marshall J. R., β -carotene: a miss for epidemiology. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1999 91 24 2068 2069 2-s2.0-0033572348
93. Vainio H., Chemoprevention of cancer: lessons to be learned from beta-carotene trials. Toxicology Letters 2000 112-113 513 517 2-s2.0-0034653357 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00208-8 (Pubitemid 30138165)
94. Paolini M., Cantelli-Forti G., Perocco P., Pedulli G. F., Abdel-Rahman S. Z., Legator M. S., Co-carcinogenic effect of β -carotene. Nature 1999 398 6730 760 761 2-s2.0-0033614355
95. Podmore I. D., Griffiths H. R., Herbert K. E., Mistry N., Mistry P., Lunec J., Vitamin C exhibits pro-oxidant properties. Nature 1998 392 6676 559 2-s2.0-18844470060 10.1038/33308 (Pubitemid 28207702)
96. Paolini M., Pozzetti L., Pedulli G. F., Marchesi E., Cantelli-Forti G., The nature of prooxidant activity of vitamin C. Life Sciences 1999 64 23 PL273 PL278 2-s2.0-0009622238 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00167-8 (Pubitemid 29236578)
97. Lee S. H., Oe T., Blair I. A., Vitamin C-induced decomposition of lipid hydroperoxides to endogenous genotoxins. Science 2001 292 5524 2083 2086 2-s2.0-0035874967 10.1126/science.1059501 (Pubitemid 32691576)