메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 206, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 366-376

Stem bromelain-induced macrophage apoptosis and activation curtail mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

B7 ANTIGEN; BROMELAIN; CASPASE 3; CASPASE 9; CD36 ANTIGEN; FREE RADICAL; GLUTATHIONE; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; INTERLEUKIN 10; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; NITRIC OXIDE; PEROXYNITRITE; PROTEIN BAX; PROTEIN BCL 2; REACTIVE NITROGEN SPECIES; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; STEM BROMELAIN; SUPEROXIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84863953247     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis354     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 44649128524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: Maintaining a balance
    • Pieters J. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance. Cell Host Microbe 2008; 3:399-407.
    • (2008) Cell Host Microbe , vol.3 , pp. 399-407
    • Pieters, J.1
  • 2
    • 57049150706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug-resistant and extensively drugresistant tuberculosis: A review
    • Chan ED, Iseman MD. Multidrug-resistant and extensively drugresistant tuberculosis: a review. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008; 21:587-95.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.21 , pp. 587-595
    • Chan, E.D.1    Iseman, M.D.2
  • 3
    • 70349141401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Johnston JC, Shahidi NC, Sadatsafavi M, Fitzgerald JM. Treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6914.
    • (2009) PLoS One , vol.4
    • Johnston, J.C.1    Shahidi, N.C.2    Sadatsafavi, M.3    Fitzgerald, J.M.4
  • 4
    • 33749416770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who is the captain of all these men of death?: The social structure of a tuberculosis sanatorium in postwar Germany
    • Condrau F. "Who is the captain of all these men of death?": the social structure of a tuberculosis sanatorium in postwar Germany. J Interdiscip Hist 2001; 32:243-62.
    • (2001) J Interdiscip Hist , vol.32 , pp. 243-262
    • Condrau, F.1
  • 5
    • 0034756276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of Mycobacterium bovis-specific responses of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 1 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)
    • Waters WR, Nonnecke BJ, Rahner TE, Palmer MV, Whipple DL, Horst RL. Modulation of Mycobacterium bovis-specific responses of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001; 8:1204-12.
    • (2001) Clin Diagn Lab Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 1204-1212
    • Waters, W.R.1    Nonnecke, B.J.2    Rahner, T.E.3    Palmer, M.V.4    Whipple, D.L.5    Horst, R.L.6
  • 6
    • 79957571086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibacterial effects of vitamin D
    • Hewison M. Antibacterial effects of vitamin D. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2011; 7:337-45.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.7 , pp. 337-345
    • Hewison, M.1
  • 7
    • 33645224419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response
    • Liu PT, Stenger S, Li H, et al. Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. Science 2006; 311:1770-3.
    • (2006) Science , vol.311 , pp. 1770-1773
    • Liu, P.T.1    Stenger, S.2    Li, H.3
  • 8
    • 77954748531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary metabolites and antimycobacterial activities from the roots of Ficus nervosa
    • Chen LW, Cheng MJ, Peng CF, Chen IS. Secondary metabolites and antimycobacterial activities from the roots of Ficus nervosa. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:1814-21.
    • (2010) Chem Biodivers , vol.7 , pp. 1814-1821
    • Chen, L.W.1    Cheng, M.J.2    Peng, C.F.3    Chen, I.S.4
  • 9
    • 0031734041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuberculosis: A search for novel therapy starting with natural products
    • Mitscher LA, Baker W. Tuberculosis: a search for novel therapy starting with natural products. Med Res Rev 1998; 18:363-74.
    • (1998) Med Res Rev , vol.18 , pp. 363-374
    • Mitscher, L.A.1    Baker, W.2
  • 10
    • 53449097935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of South African plants against Mycobacterium infections
    • McGaw LJ, Lall N, Meyer JJ, Eloff JN. The potential of South African plants against Mycobacterium infections. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 119:482-500.
    • (2008) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.119 , pp. 482-500
    • McGaw, L.J.1    Lall, N.2    Meyer, J.J.3    Eloff, J.N.4
  • 11
    • 33847195759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian medicinal plants as a source of antimycobacterial agents
    • Gautam R, Saklani A, Jachak SM. Indian medicinal plants as a source of antimycobacterial agents. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 110:200-34.
    • (2007) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.110 , pp. 200-234
    • Gautam, R.1    Saklani, A.2    Jachak, S.M.3
  • 12
    • 77953720054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexafluoroisopropanol-induced helix-sheet transition of stem bromelain: Correlation to function
    • Dave S, Dkhar HK, Singh MP, et al. Hexafluoroisopropanol-induced helix-sheet transition of stem bromelain: correlation to function. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010; 42:938-47.
    • (2010) Int J Biochem Cell Biol , vol.42 , pp. 938-947
    • Dave, S.1    Dkhar, H.K.2    Singh, M.P.3
  • 13
    • 0034843751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bromelain: Biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use
    • Maurer HR. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci 2001; 58:1234-45.
    • (2001) Cell Mol Life Sci , vol.58 , pp. 1234-1245
    • Maurer, H.R.1
  • 14
    • 0027077553 scopus 로고
    • Bromelain treatment of human T cells removes CD44, CD45RA, E2/MIC2, CD6, CD7, CD8, and Leu 8/LAM1 surface molecules and markedly enhances CD2-mediated T cell activation
    • Hale LP, Haynes BF. Bromelain treatment of human T cells removes CD44, CD45RA, E2/MIC2, CD6, CD7, CD8, and Leu 8/LAM1 surface molecules and markedly enhances CD2-mediated T cell activation. J Immunol 1992; 149:3809-16.
    • (1992) J Immunol , vol.149 , pp. 3809-3816
    • Hale, L.P.1    Haynes, B.F.2
  • 15
    • 0035946838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bromelain activates murine macrophages and natural killer cells in vitro
    • Engwerda CR, Andrew D, Murphy M, Mynott TL. Bromelain activates murine macrophages and natural killer cells in vitro. Cell Immunol 2001; 210:5-10.
    • (2001) Cell Immunol , vol.210 , pp. 5-10
    • Engwerda, C.R.1    Andrew, D.2    Murphy, M.3    Mynott, T.L.4
  • 16
    • 79960087865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bromelain treatment leads to maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells, but cannot replace PGE(2) in a cocktail of IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and PGE(2)
    • Karlsen M, Hovden AO, Vogelsang P, Tysnes BB, Appel S. Bromelain treatment leads to maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells, but cannot replace PGE(2) in a cocktail of IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and PGE(2). Scand J Immunol 2011; 74:135-43.
    • (2011) Scand J Immunol , vol.74 , pp. 135-143
    • Karlsen, M.1    Hovden, A.O.2    Vogelsang, P.3    Tysnes, B.B.4    Appel, S.5
  • 17
    • 67649968417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bromelain inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of MAPK regulated NF-kappa B against skin tumor-initiation triggering mitochondrial death pathway
    • Bhui K, Prasad S, George J, Shukla Y. Bromelain inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of MAPK regulated NF-kappa B against skin tumor-initiation triggering mitochondrial death pathway. Cancer Lett 2009; 282:167-76.
    • (2009) Cancer Lett , vol.282 , pp. 167-176
    • Bhui, K.1    Prasad, S.2    George, J.3    Shukla, Y.4
  • 18
    • 34547642553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycobacterium tuberculosis nuoG is a virulence gene that inhibits apoptosis of infected host cells
    • Velmurugan K, Chen B, Miller JL, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis nuoG is a virulence gene that inhibits apoptosis of infected host cells. PLoS Pathog 2007; 3:e110.
    • (2007) PLoS Pathog , vol.3
    • Velmurugan, K.1    Chen, B.2    Miller, J.L.3
  • 19
    • 0012700225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophage apoptosis in mycobacterial infections
    • Fratazzi C, Arbeit RD, Carini C, et al. Macrophage apoptosis in mycobacterial infections. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 66:763-4.
    • (1999) J Leukoc Biol , vol.66 , pp. 763-764
    • Fratazzi, C.1    Arbeit, R.D.2    Carini, C.3
  • 20
    • 78651226124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycobacterium tuberculosis eis regulates autophagy, inflammation, and cell death through redoxdependent signaling
    • Shin DM, Jeon BY, Lee HM, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis eis regulates autophagy, inflammation, and cell death through redoxdependent signaling. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001230.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog , vol.6
    • Shin, D.M.1    Jeon, B.Y.2    Lee, H.M.3
  • 21
    • 0026549480 scopus 로고
    • Killing of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reactive nitrogen intermediates produced by activated murine macrophages
    • Chan J, Xing Y, Magliozzo RS, Bloom BR. Killing of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reactive nitrogen intermediates produced by activated murine macrophages. J Exp Med 1992; 175:1111-22.
    • (1992) J Exp Med , vol.175 , pp. 1111-1122
    • Chan, J.1    Xing, Y.2    Magliozzo, R.S.3    Bloom, B.R.4
  • 22
    • 57149096869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foamy macrophages from tuberculous patients' granulomas constitute a nutrient-rich reservoir for M. tuberculosis persistence
    • Peyron P, Vaubourgeix J, Poquet Y, et al. Foamy macrophages from tuberculous patients' granulomas constitute a nutrient-rich reservoir for M. tuberculosis persistence. PLoS Pathog 2008; 4:e1000204.
    • (2008) PLoS Pathog , vol.4
    • Peyron, P.1    Vaubourgeix, J.2    Poquet, Y.3
  • 23
    • 34249985597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is adipose tissue a place for Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence?
    • Neyrolles O, Hernandez-Pando R, Pietri-Rouxel F, et al. Is adipose tissue a place for Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence? PLoS One 2006; 1:e43.
    • (2006) PLoS One , vol.1
    • Neyrolles, O.1    Hernandez-Pando, R.2    Pietri-Rouxel, F.3
  • 24
    • 77953812779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The T helper type 2 response to cysteine proteases requires dendritic cell-basophil cooperation via ROS-mediated signaling
    • Tang H, Cao W, Kasturi SP, et al. The T helper type 2 response to cysteine proteases requires dendritic cell-basophil cooperation via ROS-mediated signaling. Nat Immunol 2010; 11:608-17.
    • (2010) Nat Immunol , vol.11 , pp. 608-617
    • Tang, H.1    Cao, W.2    Kasturi, S.P.3
  • 25
    • 77449122333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helminth cysteine proteases inhibit TRIF-dependent activation of macrophages via degradation of TLR3
    • Donnelly S, O'Neill SM, Stack CM, et al. Helminth cysteine proteases inhibit TRIF-dependent activation of macrophages via degradation of TLR3. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:3383-92.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , pp. 3383-3392
    • Donnelly, S.1    O'Neill, S.M.2    Stack, C.M.3
  • 26
    • 34948835723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo and mechanisms of protection against melanoma B16F10-Nex2 cells by fastuosain, a cysteine proteinase from Bromelia fastuosa
    • Guimaraes-Ferreira CA, Rodrigues EG, Mortara RA, et al. Antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo and mechanisms of protection against melanoma B16F10-Nex2 cells by fastuosain, a cysteine proteinase from Bromelia fastuosa. Neoplasia 2007; 9:723-33.
    • (2007) Neoplasia , vol.9 , pp. 723-733
    • Guimaraes-Ferreira, C.A.1    Rodrigues, E.G.2    Mortara, R.A.3
  • 27
    • 33644819544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent induction of IL-6 by plant-derived proteases in vitro
    • Rose B, Herder C, Loffler H, et al. Dose-dependent induction of IL-6 by plant-derived proteases in vitro. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 143:85-92.
    • (2006) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.143 , pp. 85-92
    • Rose, B.1    Herder, C.2    Loffler, H.3
  • 28
    • 0032926775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of murine EAE by oral hydrolytic enzyme treatment
    • Targoni OS, Tary-Lehmann M, Lehmann PV. Prevention of murine EAE by oral hydrolytic enzyme treatment. J Autoimmun 1999; 12:191-8.
    • (1999) J Autoimmun , vol.12 , pp. 191-198
    • Targoni, O.S.1    Tary-Lehmann, M.2    Lehmann, P.V.3
  • 30
    • 0036498696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hijacking the host: Survival of pathogenic mycobacteria inside macrophages
    • Pieters J, Gatfield J. Hijacking the host: survival of pathogenic mycobacteria inside macrophages. Trends Microbiol 2002; 10:142-6.
    • (2002) Trends Microbiol , vol.10 , pp. 142-146
    • Pieters, J.1    Gatfield, J.2
  • 32
    • 0035874639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytosolic phospholipase A2 participates with TNF-alpha in the induction of apoptosis of human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra
    • Duan L, Gan H, Arm J, Remold HG. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 participates with TNF-alpha in the induction of apoptosis of human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. J Immunol 2001; 166:7469-76.
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 7469-7476
    • Duan, L.1    Gan, H.2    Arm, J.3    Remold, H.G.4
  • 33
    • 33646027045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophage apoptosis in response to high intracellular burden of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by a novel caspase-independent pathway
    • Lee J, Remold HG, Ieong MH, Kornfeld H. Macrophage apoptosis in response to high intracellular burden of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by a novel caspase-independent pathway. J Immunol 2006; 176:4267-74.
    • (2006) J Immunol , vol.176 , pp. 4267-4274
    • Lee, J.1    Remold, H.G.2    Ieong, M.H.3    Kornfeld, H.4
  • 34
    • 36849030829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of p53, nuclear factor kappaB and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by bromelain through targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in mouse skin
    • Kalra N, Bhui K, Roy P, et al. Regulation of p53, nuclear factor kappaB and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by bromelain through targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in mouse skin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 226:30-7.
    • (2008) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.226 , pp. 30-37
    • Kalra, N.1    Bhui, K.2    Roy, P.3
  • 35
    • 78650078659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pineapple bromelain induces autophagy, facilitating apoptotic response in mammary carcinoma cells
    • Bhui K, Tyagi S, Prakash B, Shukla Y. Pineapple bromelain induces autophagy, facilitating apoptotic response in mammary carcinoma cells. Biofactors 2010; 36:474-82.
    • (2010) Biofactors , vol.36 , pp. 474-482
    • Bhui, K.1    Tyagi, S.2    Prakash, B.3    Shukla, Y.4
  • 36
    • 0029999656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 downregulates the activity of transcription factor NF-kappaB induced upon apoptosis
    • Grimm S, Bauer MK, Baeuerle PA, Schulze-Osthoff K. Bcl-2 downregulates the activity of transcription factor NF-kappaB induced upon apoptosis. J Cell Biol 1996; 134:13-23.
    • (1996) J Cell Biol , vol.134 , pp. 13-23
    • Grimm, S.1    Bauer, M.K.2    Baeuerle, P.A.3    Schulze-Osthoff, K.4
  • 37
    • 25444486695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis involves preventing apoptosis induced by Bcl-2 upregulation and release resulting from necrosis in J774 macrophages
    • Zhang J, Jiang R, Takayama H, Tanaka Y. Survival of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis involves preventing apoptosis induced by Bcl-2 upregulation and release resulting from necrosis in J774 macrophages. Microbiol Immunol 2005; 49:845-52.
    • (2005) Microbiol Immunol , vol.49 , pp. 845-852
    • Zhang, J.1    Jiang, R.2    Takayama, H.3    Tanaka, Y.4
  • 38
    • 33745755472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 changes conformation to inhibit Bax oligomerization
    • Dlugosz PJ, Billen LP, Annis MG, et al. Bcl-2 changes conformation to inhibit Bax oligomerization. EMBO J 2006; 25:2287-96.
    • (2006) EMBO J , vol.25 , pp. 2287-2296
    • Dlugosz, P.J.1    Billen, L.P.2    Annis, M.G.3
  • 39
    • 0025065408 scopus 로고
    • Induction of tumor necrosis factor in human peripheral-blood mononuclear cells by proteolytic enzymes
    • Desser L, Rehberger A. Induction of tumor necrosis factor in human peripheral-blood mononuclear cells by proteolytic enzymes. Oncology 1990; 47:475-7.
    • (1990) Oncology , vol.47 , pp. 475-477
    • Desser, L.1    Rehberger, A.2
  • 40
    • 0028171487 scopus 로고
    • Proteolytic enzymes and amylase induce cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro
    • Desser L, Rehberger A, Paukovits W. Proteolytic enzymes and amylase induce cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Cancer Biother 1994; 9:253-63.
    • (1994) Cancer Biother , vol.9 , pp. 253-263
    • Desser, L.1    Rehberger, A.2    Paukovits, W.3
  • 41
    • 0027496317 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after oral administration of polyenzyme preparations
    • Desser L, Rehberger A, Kokron E, Paukovits W. Cytokine synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after oral administration of polyenzyme preparations. Oncology 1993; 50:403-7.
    • (1993) Oncology , vol.50 , pp. 403-407
    • Desser, L.1    Rehberger, A.2    Kokron, E.3    Paukovits, W.4
  • 42
    • 56749174940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation
    • Mosser DM, Edwards JP. Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Nat Rev Immunol 2008; 8:958-69.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 958-969
    • Mosser, D.M.1    Edwards, J.P.2
  • 43
    • 0037064130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. The anticancer effect of the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide
    • Wen J, You KR, Lee SY, Song CH, Kim DG. Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. The anticancer effect of the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:38954-64.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 38954-38964
    • Wen, J.1    You, K.R.2    Lee, S.Y.3    Song, C.H.4    Kim, D.G.5
  • 44
    • 0035967625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bromelain is an accelerator of phagocytosis, respiratory burst and killing of Candida albicans by human granulocytes and monocytes
    • Brakebusch M, Wintergerst U, Petropoulou T, et al. Bromelain is an accelerator of phagocytosis, respiratory burst and killing of Candida albicans by human granulocytes and monocytes. Eur J Med Res 2001; 6:193-200.
    • (2001) Eur J Med Res , vol.6 , pp. 193-200
    • Brakebusch, M.1    Wintergerst, U.2    Petropoulou, T.3
  • 45
    • 33847747061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence: Lipids inside and out
    • Ehrt S, Schnappinger D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence: lipids inside and out. Nat Med 2007; 13:284-5.
    • (2007) Nat Med , vol.13 , pp. 284-285
    • Ehrt, S.1    Schnappinger, D.2
  • 46
    • 0003814507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calixarenes with host-mediated potency in experimental tuberculosis: Further evidence that macrophage lipids are involved in their mechanism of action
    • Hart PD, Armstrong JA, Brodaty E. Calixarenes with host-mediated potency in experimental tuberculosis: further evidence that macrophage lipids are involved in their mechanism of action. Infect Immun 1996; 64:1491-3.
    • (1996) Infect Immun , vol.64 , pp. 1491-1493
    • Hart, P.D.1    Armstrong, J.A.2    Brodaty, E.3
  • 47
    • 0032540325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARgamma
    • Nagy L, Tontonoz P, Alvarez JG, Chen H, Evans RM. Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARgamma. Cell 1998; 93:229-40.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.93 , pp. 229-240
    • Nagy, L.1    Tontonoz, P.2    Alvarez, J.G.3    Chen, H.4    Evans, R.M.5
  • 48
    • 0346037268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scavenger receptors class A-I/II and CD36 are the principal receptors responsible for the uptake of modified low density lipoprotein leading to lipid loading in macrophages
    • Kunjathoor VV, Febbraio M, Podrez EA, et al. Scavenger receptors class A-I/II and CD36 are the principal receptors responsible for the uptake of modified low density lipoprotein leading to lipid loading in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:49982-8.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 49982-49988
    • Kunjathoor, V.V.1    Febbraio, M.2    Podrez, E.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.