Interaction of allergens, major histocompatibility complex molecules, and T cell receptors: A 'Ménage à Trois' that opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention in type i allergy

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology

Volumn 156, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 27-42

  Jahn Schmid, Beatrice ^a   Pickl, Winfried F ^a,b   Bohle, Barbara ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

Author keywords

Allergens; CD4 T cells; HLA class II restriction; IgE associated allergy; Major histocompatibility complex; T cell epitopes, receptor repertoire

Indexed keywords

ALLERGEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR;

ALLERGENICITY; ALLERGY; ANTIGEN RECOGNITION; ANTIGEN SPECIFICITY; HUMAN; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE;

ALLERGENS; ANIMALS; CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; HUMANS; HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL;

EID: 84860415012     PISSN: 10182438     EISSN: 14230097     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000321904     Document Type: Review

References (184)

1. Romagnani S: The role of lymphocytes in allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105: 399-408.
2. Akdis M, Verhagen J, Taylor A, Karamloo F, Karagiannidis C, Crameri R, Thunberg S, Deniz G, Valenta R, Fiebig H, Kegel C, Disch R, Schmidt-Weber CB, Blaser K, Akdis CA: Immune responses in healthy and allergic individuals are characterized by a fine balance between allergen-specific T regulatory 1 and T helper 2 cells. J Exp Med 2004; 199: 1567-1575.
3. Akdis M, Akdis CA: Mechanisms of allergen- specific immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 780-791.
4. Zinkernagel RM, Doherty PC: Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a syngeneic or semiallogeneic system. Nature 1974; 248: 701-702.
5. Wang JH, Reinherz EL: Structural basis of T cell recognition of peptides bound to MHC molecules. Mol Immunol 2002; 38: 1039-1049.
6. Hammer J, Takacs B, Sinigaglia F: Identification of a motif for HLA-DR1 binding peptides using M13 display libraries. J Exp Med 1992; 176: 1007-1013.
7. Hammer J, Belunis C, Bolin D, Papadopoulos J, Walsky R, Higelin J, Danho W, Sinigaglia F, Nagy ZA: High-affinity binding of short peptides to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules by anchor combinations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 4456-4460.
8. Chicz RM, Urban RG, Lane WS, Gorga JC, Stern LJ, Vignali DA, Strominger JL: Predominant naturally processed peptides bound to HLA-DR1 are derived from MHCrelated molecules and are heterogeneous in size. Nature 1992; 358: 764-768.
9. Chicz RM, Lane WS, Robinson RA, Trucco M, Strominger JL, Gorga JC: Self-peptides bound to the type I diabetes associated class II MHC molecules HLA-DQ1 and HLADQ8. Int Immunol 1994; 6: 1639-1649.
10. Chicz RM, Graziano DF, Trucco M, Strominger JL, Gorga JC: HLA-DP2: Self peptide sequences and binding properties. J Immunol 1997; 159: 4935-4942.
11. Vignali DA, Urban RG, Chicz RM, Strominger JL: Minute quantities of a single immunodominant foreign epitope are presented as large nested sets by major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Eur J Immunol 1993; 23: 1602-1607.
12. Rammensee HG: Chemistry of peptides associated with MHC class I and class II molecules. Curr Opin Immunol 1995; 7: 85-96
13. Jardetzky TS, Brown JH, Gorga JC, Stern LJ, Urban RG, Strominger JL, Wiley DC: Crystallographic analysis of endogenous peptides associated with HLA-DR1 suggests a common, polyproline II-like conformation for bound peptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 734-738.
14. Brown JH, Jardetzky TS, Gorga JC, Stern LJ, Urban RG, Strominger JL, Wiley DC: Threedimensional structure of the human class II histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR1. Nature 1993; 364: 33-39.
15. Stern LJ, Brown JH, Jardetzky TS, Gorga JC, Urban RG, Strominger JL, Wiley DC: Crystal structure of the human class II MHC protein HLA-DR1 complexed with an influenza virus peptide. Nature 1994; 368: 215-221.
16. Rudensky A, Preston-Hurlburt P, Hong SC, Barlow A, Janeway CA Jr: Sequence analysis of peptides bound to MHC class II molecules. Nature 1991; 353: 622-627.
17. Chicz RM, Urban RG, Gorga JC, Vignali DA, Lane WS, Strominger JL: Specificity and promiscuity among naturally processed peptides bound to HLA-DR alleles. J Exp Med 1993; 178: 27-47.
18. Suri A, Lovitch SB, Unanue ER: The wide diversity and complexity of peptides bound to class II MHC molecules. Curr Opin Immunol 2006; 18: 70-77.
19. Hammer J, Valsasnini P, Tolba K, Bolin D, Higelin J, Takacs B, Sinigaglia F: Promiscuous and allele-specific anchors in HLA-DRbinding peptides. Cell 1993; 74: 197-203.
20. Jahn-Schmid B, Sirven P, Leb V, Pickl WF, Fischer GF, Gadermaier G, Egger M, Ebner C, Ferreira F, Maillere B, Bohle B: Characterization of HLA class II/peptide-TCR interactions of the immunodominant T cell epitope in Art v 1, the major mugwort pollen allergen. J Immunol 2008; 181: 3636-3642.
21. Southwood S, Sidney J, Kondo A, del Guercio MF, Appella E, Hoffman S, Kubo RT, Chesnut RW, Grey HM, Sette A: Several common HLA-DR types share largely overlapping peptide binding repertoires. J Immunol 1998; 160: 3363-3373.
22. Sidney J, del Guercio MF, Southwood S, Sette A: The HLA molecules DQA1 * 0501/B1 * 0201 and DQA1 * 0301/B1 * 0302 share an extensive overlap in peptide binding specificity. J Immunol 2002; 169: 5098-5108.
23. Sidney J, Steen A, Moore C, Ngo S, Chung J, Peters B, Sette A: Five HLA-DP molecules frequently expressed in the worldwide human population share a common HLA supertypic binding specificity. J Immunol 2010; 184: 2492-2503.
24. Ho PC, Mutch DA, Winkel KD, Saul AJ, Jones GL, Doran TJ, Rzepczyk CM: Identification of two promiscuous T cell epitopes from tetanus toxin. Eur J Immunol 1990; 20: 477-483.
25. O'Sullivan D, Arrhenius T, Sidney J, Del Guercio MF, Albertson M, Wall M, Oseroff C, Southwood S, Colon SM, Gaeta FC, et al: On the interaction of promiscuous antigenic peptides with different DR alleles. Identification of common structural motifs. J Immunol 1991; 147: 2663-2669.
26. Lamonaca V, Missale G, Urbani S, Pilli M, Boni C, Mori C, Sette A, Massari M, Southwood S, Bertoni R, Valli A, Fiaccadori F, Ferrari C: Conserved hepatitis C virus sequences are highly immunogenic for CD4(+) T cells: Implications for vaccine development. Hepatology 1999; 30: 1088-1098.
27. Jahn-Schmid B, Wopfner N, Hubinger G, Asero R, Ebner C, Ferreira F, Bohle B: The T-cell response to Amb a 1 is characterized by 3 dominant epitopes and multiple MHC restriction elements. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010, E-pub ahead of print.
28. Mutschlechner S, Egger M, Briza P, Wallner M, Lackner P, Karle A, Vogt AB, Fischer GF, Bohle B, Ferreira F: Naturally processed T cell-activating peptides of the major birch pollen allergen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125: 711-718, 718e1-718e2.
29. Jahn-Schmid B, Radakovics A, Luttkopf D, Scheurer S, Vieths S, Ebner C, Bohle B: Bet v 1142-156 is the dominant T-cell epitope of the major birch pollen allergen and important for cross-reactivity with Bet v 1-related food allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 116: 213-219.
30. Delamarre L, Pack M, Chang H, Mellman I, Trombetta ES: Differential lysosomal proteolysis in antigen-presenting cells determines antigen fate. Science 2005; 307: 1630-1634.
31. Laffer S, Hamdi S, Lupinek C, Sperr WR, Valent P, Verdino P, Keller W, Grote M, Hoffmann- Sommergruber K, Scheiner O, Kraft D, Rideau M, Valenta R: Molecular characterization of recombinant T1, a non-allergenic periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) protein, with sequence similarity to the Bet v 1 plant allergen family. Biochem J 2003; 373: 261-269.
32. Ebner C, Schenk S, Najafian N, Siemann U, Steiner R, Fischer GW, Hoffmann K, Szepfalusi Z, Scheiner O, Kraft D: Nonallergic individuals recognize the same T cell epitopes of Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, as atopic patients. J Immunol 1995; 154: 1932-1940.
33. Blaser K, Carballido J, Faith A, Crameri R, Akdis C: Determinants and mechanisms of human immune responses to bee venom phospholipase A2. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1998; 117: 1-10.
34. Tordesillas L, Cuesta-Herranz J, Gonzalez- Munoz M, Pacios LF, Compes E, Garcia- Carrasco B, Sanchez-Monge R, Salcedo G, Diaz-Perales A: T-cell epitopes of the major peach allergen, Pru p 3: Identification and differential T-cell response of peach-allergic and non-allergic subjects. Mol Immunol 2009; 46: 722-728.
35. Godkin AJ, Smith KJ, Willis A, Tejada-Simon MV, Zhang J, Elliott T, Hill AV: Naturally processed HLA class II peptides reveal highly conserved immunogenic flanking region sequence preferences that reflect antigen processing rather than peptide-MHC interactions. J Immunol 2001; 166: 6720-6727.
36. Sant'Angelo DB, Robinson E, Janeway CA Jr, Denzin LK: Recognition of core and flanking amino acids of MHC class II-bound peptides by the T cell receptor. Eur J Immunol 2002; 32: 2510-2520.
37. Moudgil KD, Wang J, Yeung VP, Sercarz EE: Heterogeneity of the T cell response to immunodominant determinants within hen eggwhite lysozyme of individual syngeneic hybrid F1 mice: Implications for autoimmunity and infection. J Immunol 1998; 161: 6046-6053.
38. Knapp B, Omasits U, Bohle B, Maillere B, Ebner C, Schreiner W, Jahn-Schmid B: 3-Layerbased analysis of peptide-MHC interaction: In silico prediction, peptide binding affinity and T cell activation in a relevant allergenspecific model. Mol Immunol 2009; 46: 1839-1844.
39. Woodfolk JA: T-cell responses to allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 280-294.
40. Ebner C, Schenk S, Szepfalusi Z, Hoffmann K, Ferreira F, Willheim M, Scheiner O, Kraft D: Multiple T cell specificities for Bet v I, the major birch pollen allergen, within single individuals: Studies using specific T cell clones and overlapping peptides. Eur J Immunol 1993; 23: 1523-1527.
41. Schulten V, Radakovics A, Hartz C, Mari A, Vazquez-Cortes S, Fernandez-Rivas M, Lauer I, Jahn-Schmid B, Eiwegger T, Scheurer S, Bohle B: Characterization of the allergic Tcell response to Pru p 3, the nonspecific lipid transfer protein in peach. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 124: 100-107.
42. Pastorello EA, Monza M, Pravettoni V, Longhi R, Bonara P, Scibilia J, Primavesi L, Scorza R: Characterization of the T-cell epitopes of the major peach allergen Pru p 3. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2010; 153: 1-12.
43. Jahn-Schmid B, Kelemen P, Himly M, Bohle B, Fischer G, Ferreira F, Ebner C: The T cell response to Art v 1, the major mugwort pollen allergen, is dominated by one epitope. J Immunol 2002; 169: 6005-6011.
44. Himly M, Jahn-Schmid B, Dedic A, Kelemen P, Wopfner N, Altmann F, van Ree R, Briza P, Richter K, Ebner C, Ferreira F: Art v 1, the major allergen of mugwort pollen, is a modular glycoprotein with a defensin-like and a hydroxyproline-rich domain. FASEB J 2003; 17: 106-108.
45. Jahn-Schmid B, Fischer GF, Bohle B, Fae I, Gadermaier G, Dedic A, Ferreira F, Ebner C: Antigen presentation of the immunodominant T-cell epitope of the major mugwort pollen allergen, Art v 1, is associated with the expression of HLA-DRB1 * 01. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 115: 399-404
46. Burton MD, Blaher B, Suphioglu C, O'Hehir RE, Carbone FR, Rolland JM: T-cell receptor contact and MHC binding residues of a major rye grass pollen allergen T-cell epitope. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 103: 255-261.
47. Burastero SE, Paolucci C, Breda D, Longhi R, Silvestri M, Hammer J, Protti MP, Rossi GA: T-cell receptor-mediated cross-allergenicity. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2004; 135: 296-305.
48. Schenk S, Breiteneder H, Susani M, Najafian N, Laffer S, Duchene M, Valenta R, Fischer G, Scheiner O, Kraft D, Ebner C: T cell epitopes of Phl p 1, major pollen allergen of timothy grass (Phleum pratense) : Crossreactivity with group I allergens of different grasses. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996; 409: 141-146.
49. Sparholt SH, Larsen JN, Ipsen H, Schou C, van Neerven RJ: Crossreactivity and T-cell epitope specificity of Bet v 1-specific T cells suggest the involvement of multiple isoallergens in sensitization to birch pollen. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 932-941.
50. Ebner C, Ferreira F, Hoffmann K, Hirschwehr R, Schenk S, Szepfalusi Z, Breiteneder H, Parronchi P, Romagnani S, Scheiner O, et al: T cell clones specific for Bet v I, the major birch pollen allergen, crossreact with the major allergens of hazel, Cor a I, and alder, Aln g I. Mol Immunol 1993; 30: 1323-1329.
51. Schenk S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Breiteneder H, Ferreira F, Fischer G, Scheiner O, Kraft D, Ebner C: Four recombinant isoforms of Cor a 1, the major allergen of hazel pollen, show different reactivities with allergen-specific T-lymphocyte clones. Eur J Biochem 1994; 224: 717-722.
52. Sone T, Dairiki K, Morikubo K, Shimizu K, Tsunoo H, Mori T, Kino K: Identification of human T cell epitopes in Japanese cypress pollen allergen, Cha o 1, elucidates the intrinsic mechanism of cross-allergenicity between Cha o 1 and Cry j 1, the major allergen of Japanese cedar pollen, at the T cell level. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35: 664-671.
53. Bohle B, Radakovics A, Jahn-Schmid B, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Fischer GF, Ebner C: Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, initiates sensitization to Api g 1, the major allergen in celery: Evidence at the T cell level. Eur J Immunol 2003; 33: 3303-3310.
54. Bohle B, Radakovics A, Luttkopf D, Jahn- Schmid B, Vieths S, Ebner C: Characterization of the T cell response to the major hazelnut allergen, Cor a 1.04: Evidence for a relevant T cell epitope not cross-reactive with homologous pollen allergens. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35: 1392-1399.
55. Fritsch R, Bohle B, Vollmann U, Wiedermann U, Jahn-Schmid B, Krebitz M, Breiteneder H, Kraft D, Ebner C: Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, and Mal d 1, the major apple allergen, cross-react at the level of allergen-specific T helper cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 102: 679-686.
56. Bohle B, Zwolfer B, Heratizadeh A, Jahn- Schmid B, Antonia YD, Alter M, Keller W, Zuidmeer L, van Ree R, Werfel T, Ebner C: Cooking birch pollen-related food: Divergent consequences for IgE- and T cell-mediated reactivity in vitro and in vivo. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118: 242-249.
57. Okano M, Nagano T, Nakada M, Masuda Y, Kino K, Yasueda H, Nose Y, Nishimura Y, Ohta N: Epitope analysis of HLA-DR-restricted helper T-cell responses to Der p II, a major allergen molecule of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Allergy 1996; 51: 29-35.
58. Parronchi P, Sampognaro S, Annunziato F, Brugnolo F, Radbruch A, Di Modugno F, Ruffilli A, Romagnani S, Maggi E: Influence of both TCR repertoire and severity of the atopic status on the cytokine secretion profile of Parietaria officinalis -specific T cells. Eur J Immunol 1998; 28: 37-46.
59. Reefer AJ, Carneiro RM, Custis NJ, Platts- Mills TA, Sung SS, Hammer J, Woodfolk JA: A role for IL-10-mediated HLA-DR7-restricted T cell-dependent events in development of the modified Th2 response to cat allergen. J Immunol 2004; 172: 2763-2772.
60. Nagato T, Kobayashi H, Yanai M, Sato K, Aoki N, Oikawa K, Kimura S, Abe Y, Celis E, Harabuchi Y, Tateno M: Functional analysis of birch pollen allergen Bet v 1-specific regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2007; 178: 1189-1198.
61. Rammensee H, Bachmann J, Emmerich NP, Bachor OA, Stevanovic S: SYFPEITHI: Database for MHC ligands and peptide motifs. Immunogenetics 1999; 50: 213-219.
62. Sturniolo T, Bono E, Ding J, Raddrizzani L, Tuereci O, Sahin U, Braxenthaler M, Gallazzi F, Protti MP, Sinigaglia F, Hammer J: Generation of tissue-specific and promiscuous HLA ligand databases using DNA microarrays and virtual HLA class II matrices. Nat Biotechnol 1999; 17: 555-561.
63. Lin HH, Zhang GL, Tongchusak S, Reinherz EL, Brusic V: Evaluation of MHC-II peptide binding prediction servers: Applications for vaccine research. BMC Bioinformatics 2008; 9(suppl 12):S22.
64. de Lalla C, Sturniolo T, Abbruzzese L, Hammer J, Sidoli A, Sinigaglia F, Panina-Bordignon P: Cutting edge: Identification of novel T cell epitopes in Lol p5a by computational prediction. J Immunol 1999; 163: 1725-1729.
65. Wedderburn LR, O'Hehir RE, Hewitt CR, Lamb JR, Owen MJ: In vivo clonal dominance and limited T-cell receptor usage in human CD4+ T-cell recognition of house dust mite allergens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993; 90: 8214-8218.
66. Kircher MF, Haeusler T, Nickel R, Lamb JR, Renz H, Beyer K: Vbeta18.1(+) and V(alpha)2.3(+) T-cell subsets are associated with house dust mite allergy in human subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 517-523.
67. Sade K, Kivity S, Levy A, Fireman E: The effect of specific immunotherapy on T-cell receptor repertoire in patients with allergy to house-dust mite. Allergy 2003; 58: 430-434.
68. Sowka S, Friedl-Hajek R, Siemann U, Ebner C, Scheiner O, Breiteneder H: T cell receptor CDR3 sequences and recombinant T cell receptors: Prerequisites for developing ligands to interfere with T cell receptor binding to the MHC/peptide complex. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1997; 113: 170-172.
69. Breiteneder H, Scheiner O, Hajek R, Hulla W, Huttinger R, Fischer G, Kraft D, Ebner C: Diversity of TCRAV and TCRBV sequences used by human T-cell clones specific for a minimal epitope of Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen. Immunogenetics 1995; 42: 53-58.
70. Beyer K, Hausler T, Kircher M, Nickel R, Wahn U, Renz H: Specific V beta T cell subsets are associated with cat and birch pollen allergy in humans. J Immunol 1999; 162: 1186-1191.
71. Wahlstrom J, Gigliotti D, Roquet A, Wigzell H, Eklund A, Grunewald J: T cell receptor Vbeta expression in patients with allergic asthma before and after repeated low-dose allergen inhalation. Clin Immunol 2001; 100: 31-39.
72. Takahama H, Masuko-hongo K, Tanaka A, Kawa Y, Ohta N, Yamamoto K, Mizoguchi M, Nishioka K, Kato T: T-cell clonotypes specific for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in the skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis. Hum Immunol 2002; 63: 558-566.
73. Ottenhoff TH, Elferink DG, Hermans J, de Vries RR: HLA class II restriction repertoire of antigen-specific T cells. 1. The main restriction determinants for antigen presentation are associated with HLA-D/DR and not with DP and DQ. Hum Immunol 1985; 13: 105-116.
74. Young RP, Dekker JW, Wordsworth BP, Schou C, Pile KD, Matthiesen F, Rosenberg WM, Bell JI, Hopkin JM, Cookson WO: HLA-DR and HLA-DP genotypes and immunoglobulin E responses to common major allergens. Clin Exp Allergy 1994; 24: 431-439.
75. Altman JD, Moss PA, Goulder PJ, Barouch DH, McHeyzer-Williams MG, Bell JI, Mc- Michael AJ, Davis MM: Phenotypic analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Science 1996; 274: 94-96.
76. Seneviratne SL, Jones L, King AS, Black A, Powell S, McMichael AJ, Ogg GS: Allergenspecific CD8(+) T cells and atopic disease. J Clin Invest 2002; 110: 1283-1291.
77. Vollers SS, Stern LJ: Class II major histocompatibility complex tetramer staining: Progress, problems, and prospects. Immunology 2008; 123: 305-313
78. Scriba TJ, Purbhoo M, Day CL, Robinson N, Fidler S, Fox J, Weber JN, Klenerman P, Sewell AK, Phillips RE: Ultrasensitive detection and phenotyping of CD4+ T cells with optimized HLA class II tetramer staining. J Immunol 2005; 175: 6334-6343.
79. Lucas M, Day CL, Wyer JR, Cunliffe SL, Loughry A, McMichael AJ, Klenerman P: Ex vivo phenotype and frequency of influenza virus-specific CD4 memory T cells. J Virol 2004; 78: 7284-7287.
80. Kinnunen T, Jutila K, Kwok WW, Rytkonen- Nissinen M, Immonen A, Saarelainen S, Narvanen A, Taivainen A, Virtanen T: Potential of an altered peptide ligand of lipocalin allergen Bos d 2 for peptide immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 965-972.
81. Kinnunen T, Kwok WW, Narvanen A, Rytkonen- Nissinen M, Immonen A, Saarelainen S, Taivainen A, Virtanen T: Immunomodulatory potential of heteroclitic analogs of the dominant T-cell epitope of lipocalin allergen Bos d 2 on specific T cells. Int Immunol 2005; 17: 1573-1581.
82. Macaubas C, Wahlstrom J, Galvao da Silva AP, Forsthuber TG, Sonderstrup G, Kwok WW, DeKruyff RH, Umetsu DT: Allergenspecific MHC class II tetramer+ cells are detectable in allergic, but not in nonallergic, individuals. J Immunol 2006; 176: 5069-5077.
83. Ardern-Jones MR, Black AP, Bateman EA, Ogg GS: Bacterial superantigen facilitates epithelial presentation of allergen to T helper 2 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104: 5557-5562.
84. Bateman EA, Ardern-Jones MR, Ogg GS: Persistent central memory phenotype of circulating Fel d 1 peptide/DRB1 * 0101 tetramer- binding CD4+ T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118: 1350-1356.
85. Kinnunen T, Nieminen A, Kwok WW, Narvanen A, Rytkonen-Nissinen M, Saarelainen S, Taivainen A, Virtanen T: Allergen-specific naive and memory CD4(+) T cells exhibit functional and phenotypic differences between individuals with or without allergy. Eur J Immunol 2010; 40: 2460-2469.
86. Kwok WW, Roti M, Delong JH, Tan V, Wambre E, James EA, Robinson D: Direct ex vivo analysis of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125: 1407-1409, e1401.
87. Van Overtvelt L, Wambre E, Maillere B, von Hofe E, Louise A, Balazuc AM, Bohle B, Ebo D, Leboulaire C, Garcia G, Moingeon P: Assessment of Bet v 1-specific CD4+ T cell responses in allergic and nonallergic individuals using MHC class II peptide tetramers. J Immunol 2008; 180: 4514-4522.
88. Wambre E, Van Overtvelt L, Maillere B, Humphreys R, von Hofe E, Ferhat L, Ebo D, Moingeon P: Single cell assessment of allergen- specific T cell responses with MHC class II peptide tetramers: Methodological aspects. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2008; 146: 99-112.
89. Aslam A, Chan H, Warrell DA, Misbah S, Ogg GS: Tracking antigen-specific T-cells during clinical tolerance induction in humans. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11028.
90. Larche M: Peptide immunotherapy for allergic diseases. Allergy 2007; 62: 325-331.
91. Norman PS, Ohman JL Jr, Long AA, Creticos PS, Gefter MA, Shaked Z, Wood RA, Eggleston PA, Hafner KB, Rao P, Lichtenstein LM, Jones NH, Nicodemus CF: Treatment of cat allergy with T-cell reactive peptides. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154: 1623-1628.
92. Haselden BM, Kay AB, Larche M: Immunoglobulin E-independent major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cell peptide epitope-induced late asthmatic reactions. J Exp Med 1999; 189: 1885-1894.
93. Muller U, Akdis CA, Fricker M, Akdis M, Blesken T, Bettens F, Blaser K: Successful immunotherapy with T-cell epitope peptides of bee venom phospholipase A2 induces specific T-cell anergy in patients allergic to bee venom. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 101: 747-754.
94. Verhoef A, Alexander C, Kay AB, Larche M: T cell epitope immunotherapy induces a CD4+ T cell population with regulatory activity. PLoS Med 2005; 2:e78.
95. Alexander C, Ying S, Kay AB, Larche M: Fel d 1-derived T cell peptide therapy induces recruitment of CD4+ CD25+; CD4+ interferon- gamma+ T helper type 1 cells to sites of allergen-induced late-phase skin reactions in cat-allergic subjects. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35: 52-58.
96. Tarzi M, Klunker S, Texier C, Verhoef A, Stapel SO, Akdis CA, Maillere B, Kay AB, Larche M: Induction of interleukin-10 and suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 gene expression following peptide immunotherapy. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 36: 465-474.
97. Campbell JD, Buckland KF, McMillan SJ, Kearley J, Oldfield WL, Stern LJ, Gronlund H, van Hage M, Reynolds CJ, Boyton RJ, Cobbold SP, Kay AB, Altmann DM, Lloyd CM, Larche M: Peptide immunotherapy in allergic asthma generates IL-10-dependent immunological tolerance associated with linked epitope suppression. J Exp Med 2009; 206: 1535-1547.
98. Texier C, Pouvelle-Moratille S, Buhot C, Castelli FA, Pecquet C, Menez A, Leynadier F, Maillere B: Emerging principles for the design of promiscuous HLA-DR-restricted peptides: An example from the major bee venom allergen. Eur J Immunol 2002; 32: 3699-3707.
99. Evavold BD, Sloan-Lancaster J, Allen PM: Tickling the TCR: Selective T-cell functions stimulated by altered peptide ligands. Immunol Today 1993; 14: 602-609.
100. Bielekova B, Martin R: Antigen-specific immunomodulation via altered peptide ligands. J Mol Med 2001; 79: 552-565.
101. O'Hehir RE, Yssel H, Verma S, de Vries JE, Spits H, Lamb JR: Clonal analysis of differential lymphokine production in peptide and superantigen induced T cell anergy. Int Immunol 1991; 3: 819-826.
102. Fasler S, Aversa G, de Vries JE, Yssel H: Antagonistic peptides specifically inhibit proliferation, cytokine production, CD40L expression, and help for IgE synthesis by Der p 1-specific human T-cell clones. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 101: 521-530.
103. Matsuoka T, Kohrogi H, Ando M, Nishimura Y, Matsushita S: Altered TCR ligands affect antigen-presenting cell responses: Upregulation of IL-12 by an analogue peptide. J Immunol 1996; 157: 4837-4843.
104. Tsitoura DC, Verhoef A, Gelder CM, O'Hehir RE, Lamb JR: Altered T cell ligands derived from a major house dust mite allergen enhance IFN-gamma but not IL-4 production by human CD4+ T cells. J Immunol 1996; 157: 2160-2165.
105. De Palma R, Wu S, Sallusto F, Di Felice G, Martucci P, Geraci D, Colombo P, Troise C, Sacerdoti G, Nocera A, Gorski J: Use of antagonist peptides to inhibit in vitro T cell responses to Par j1, the major allergen of Parietaria judaica pollen. J Immunol 1999; 162: 1982-1987.
106. Faith A, Akdis CA, Akdis M, Joss A, Wymann D, Blaser K: An altered peptide ligand specifically inhibits Th2 cytokine synthesis by abrogating TCR signaling. J Immunol 1999; 162: 1836-1842.
107. Maurer D, Fiebiger S, Ebner C, Reininger B, Fischer GF, Wichlas S, Jouvin MH, Schmitt- Egenolf M, Kraft D, Kinet JP, Stingl G: Peripheral blood dendritic cells express Fc epsilon RI as a complex composed of Fc epsilon RI alpha- and Fc epsilon RI gammachains and can use this receptor for IgEmediated allergen presentation. J Immunol 1996; 157: 607-616.
108. Hammad H, Kool M, Soullie T, Narumiya S, Trottein F, Hoogsteden HC, Lambrecht BN: Activation of the D prostanoid 1 receptor suppresses asthma by modulation of lung dendritic cell function and induction of regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 2007; 204: 357-367.
109. Montoya MC, Sancho D, Vicente-Manzanares M, Sanchez-Madrid F: Cell adhesion and polarity during immune interactions. Immunol Rev 2002; 186: 68-82.
110. Admyre C, Bohle B, Johansson SM, Focke- Tejkl M, Valenta R, Scheynius A, Gabrielsson S: B cell-derived exosomes can present allergen peptides and activate allergen-specific T cells to proliferate and produce TH2- like cytokines. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 120: 1418-1424.
111. Zitvogel L, Regnault A, Lozier A, Wolfers J, Flament C, Tenza D, Ricciardi-Castagnoli P, Raposo G, Amigorena S: Eradication of established murine tumors using a novel cell-free vaccine: Dendritic cell-derived exosomes. Nat Med 1998; 4: 594-600
112. Derdak SV, Kueng HJ, Leb VM, Neunkirchner A, Schmetterer KG, Bielek E, Majdic O, Knapp W, Seed B, Pickl WF: Direct stimulation of T lymphocytes by immunosomes: Virus-like particles decorated with T cell receptor/ CD3 ligands plus costimulatory molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 13144-13149.
113. Kueng HJ, Leb VM, Haiderer D, Raposo G, Thery C, Derdak SV, Schmetterer KG, Neunkirchner A, Sillaber C, Seed B, Pickl WF: General strategy for decoration of enveloped viruses with functionally active lipid-modified cytokines. J Virol 2007; 81: 8666-8676.
114. Pickl WF, Pimentel-Muinos FX, Seed B: Lipid rafts and pseudotyping. J Virol 2001; 75: 7175-7183.
115. Levings MK, Sangregorio R, Galbiati F, Squadrone S, de Waal Malefyt R, Roncarolo MG: IFN-alpha and IL-10 induce the differentiation of human type 1 T regulatory cells. J Immunol 2001; 166: 5530-5539.
116. Clay TM, Custer MC, Sachs J, Hwu P, Rosenberg SA, Nishimura MI: Efficient transfer of a tumor antigen-reactive TCR to human peripheral blood lymphocytes confers anti-tumor reactivity. J Immunol 1999; 163: 507-513.
117. Dembic Z, Haas W, Weiss S, McCubrey J, Kiefer H, von Boehmer H, Steinmetz M: Transfer of specificity by murine alpha and beta T-cell receptor genes. Nature 1986; 320: 232-238.
118. Heemskerk MH, Hoogeboom M, Hagedoorn R, Kester MG, Willemze R, Falkenburg JH: Reprogramming of virus-specific T cells into leukemia-reactive T cells using T cell receptor gene transfer. J Exp Med 2004; 199: 885-894.
119. Goverman J, Woods A, Larson L, Weiner LP, Hood L, Zaller DM: Transgenic mice that express a myelin basic protein-specific T cell receptor develop spontaneous autoimmunity. Cell 1993; 72: 551-560.
120. Katz JD, Wang B, Haskins K, Benoist C, Mathis D: Following a diabetogenic T cell from genesis through pathogenesis. Cell 1993; 74: 1089-1100.
121. Ohashi PS, Oehen S, Buerki K, Pircher H, Ohashi CT, Odermatt B, Malissen B, Zinkernagel RM, Hengartner H: Ablation of 'tolerance'and induction of diabetes by virus infection in viral antigen transgenic mice. Cell 1991; 65: 305-317.
122. Pircher H, Burki K, Lang R, Hengartner H, Zinkernagel RM: Tolerance induction in double specific T-cell receptor transgenic mice varies with antigen. Nature 1989; 342: 559-561.
123. von Boehmer H: Developmental biology of T cells in T cell receptor transgenic mice. Ann Rev Immunol 1990; 8: 530.
124. Leb VM, Jahn-Schmid B, Schmetterer KG, Kueng HJ, Haiderer D, Neunkirchner A, Fischer GF, Nissler K, Hartl A, Thalhamer J, Bohle B, Seed B, Pickl WF: Molecular and functional analysis of the antigen receptor of Art v 1-specific helper T lymphocytes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 121: 64-71.
125. Leb VM, Jahn-Schmid B, Kueng HJ, Schmetterer KG, Haiderer D, Neunkirchner A, Fischer GF, Hartl A, Thalhamer J, Steinberger P, Bohle B, Seed B, Pickl WF: Modulation of allergen-specific T-lymphocyte function by virus-like particles decorated with HLA class II molecules. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 124: 121-128.
126. Schmetterer KG, Haiderer DH, Leb-Reichl VM, Neunkirchner A, Jahn-Schmid B, Küng HJ, Schuch K, Steinberger P, Bohle B, Pickl WF: Bet v 1-specific T-cell receptor/ forkhead box protein 3 transgenic T cells suppress Bet v 1-specific T-cell effector function in an activation-dependent manner. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:238-245, 245.e1-e3.
127. Wurtzen P, Wissenbach M, Ipsen H, Bufe A, Arnved J, van Neerven RJ: Highly heterogeneous Phl p 5-specific T cells from patients with allergic rhinitis differentially recognize recombinant Phl p 5 isoallergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 104: 115-122.
128. Muller WD, Karamfilov T, Kahlert H, Stuwe HT, Fahlbusch B, Cromwell O, Fiebig H, Jager L: Mapping of T-cell epitopes of Phl p 5: Evidence for crossreacting and noncrossreacting T-cell epitopes within Phl p 5 isoallergens. Clin Exp Allergy 1998; 28: 1538-1548.
129. Ebner C, Siemann U, Bohle B, Willheim M, Wiedermann U, Schenk S, Klotz F, Ebner H, Kraft D, Scheiner O: Immunological changes during specific immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy: Reduced lymphoproliferative responses to allergen and shift from TH2 to TH1 in T-cell clones specific for Phl p 1, a major grass pollen allergen. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 1007-1015.
130. Bungy GA, Rodda S, Roitt I, Brostoff J: Mapping of T cell epitopes of the major fraction of rye grass using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from atopics and nonatopics. 2. Isoallergen clone 5A of Lolium perenne group I (Lol p I). Eur J Immunol 1994; 24: 2098-2103.
131. Blaher B, Suphioglu C, Knox RB, Singh MB, McCluskey J, Rolland JM: Identification of T-cell epitopes of Lol p 9, a major allergen of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) pollen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996; 98: 124-132.
132. Abe Y, Kimura S, Kokubo T, Mizumoto K, Uehara M, Katagiri M: Epitope analysis of birch pollen allergen in Japanese subjects. J Clin Immunol 1997; 17: 485-493.
133. Friedl-Hajek R, Spangfort MD, Schou C, Breiteneder H, Yssel H, Joost van Neerven RJ: Identification of a highly promiscuous and an HLA allele-specific T-cell epitope in the birch major allergen Bet v 1: HLA restriction, epitope mapping and TCR sequence comparisons. Clin Exp Allergy 1999; 29: 478-487.
134. Neunkirchner A, Leb VM, Schmetterer KG, Jahn-Schmid B, Kueng HJ, Haiderer D, Wallner M, Mutschlechner S, Bohle B, Pickl WF: Molecular and functional analysis of a Bet v 1(142-153)-specific T-cell antigen receptor cross-reacting with Bet v 1-related pollen and food allergens. Submitted.
135. Ikagawa S, Matsushita S, Chen YZ, Ishikawa T, Nishimura Y: Single amino acid substitutions on a Japanese cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 1)-derived peptide induced alterations in human T cell responses and T cell receptor antagonism. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996; 97: 53-64.
136. Sone T, Morikubo K, Miyahara M, Komiyama N, Shimizu K, Tsunoo H, Kino K: T cell epitopes in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergens: Choice of major T cell epitopes in Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 toward design of the peptide-based immunotherapeutics for the management of Japanese cedar pollinosis. J Immunol 1998; 161: 448-457.
137. Sone T, Morikubo K, Shimizu K, Komiyama N, Tsunoo H, Kino K: Peptide specificity, HLA class II restriction, and T-cell subsets of the T-cell clones specific to either Cry j 1 or Cry j 2, the major allergens of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1999; 119: 185-196.
138. Huang SK, Zwollo P, Marsh DG: Class II major histocompatibility complex restriction of human T cell responses to short ragweed allergen, Amb a V. Eur J Immunol 1991; 21: 1469-1473.
139. Sallusto F, Corinti S, Pini C, Biocca MM, Bruno G, Di Felice G: Parietaria judaica-specific T-cell clones from atopic patients: Heterogeneity in restriction, V beta usage, and cytokine profile. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996; 97: 627-637.
140. Higgins JA, Lamb JR, Marsh SG, Tonks S, Hayball JD, Rosen-Bronson S, Bodmer JG, O'Hehir RE: Peptide-induced nonresponsiveness of HLA-DP restricted human T cells reactive with Dermatophagoides spp. (house dust mite). J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90: 749-756.
141. O'Brien RM, Thomas WR, Nicholson I, Lamb JR, Tait BD: An immunogenetic analysis of the T-cell recognition of the major house dust mite allergen Der p 2: Identification of high- and low-responder HLADQ alleles and localization of T-cell epitopes. Immunology 1995; 86: 176-182
142. Joost van Neerven R, van t'Hof W, Ringrose JH, Jansen HM, Aalberse RC, Wierenga EA, Kapsenberg ML: T cell epitopes of house dust mite major allergen Der p II. J Immunol 1993; 151: 2326-2335.
143. Bateman EA, Ardern-Jones MR, Ogg GS: Identification of an immunodominant region of Fel d 1 and characterization of constituent epitopes. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38: 1760-1768.
144. Immonen A, Farci S, Taivainen A, Partanen J, Pouvelle-Moratille S, Narvanen A, Kinnunen T, Saarelainen S, Rytkonen-Nissinen M, Maillere B, Virtanen T: T cell epitopecontaining peptides of the major dog allergen Can f 1 as candidates for allergen immunotherapy. J Immunol 2005; 175: 3614-3620.
145. Inoue R, Matsushita S, Kaneko H, Shinoda S, Sakaguchi H, Nishimura Y, Kondo N: Identification of beta-lactoglobulin-derived peptides and class II HLA molecules recognized by T cells from patients with milk allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 1126-1134.
146. Ruiter B, Rozemuller EH, van Dijk AJ, Garssen J, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA, Tilanus MG, Knol EF, van Hoffen E: Role of human leucocyte antigen DQ in the presentation of T cell epitopes in the major cow's milk allergen alphas1-casein. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2007; 143: 119-126.
147. Raulf-Heimsoth M, Chen Z, Rihs HP, Kalbacher H, Liebers V, Baur X: Analysis of Tcell reactive regions and HLA-DR4 binding motifs on the latex allergen Hev b 1 (rubber elongation factor). Clin Exp Allergy 1998; 28: 339-348.
148. Bohle B, Wagner B, Vollmann U, Buck D, Niggemann B, Szepfalusi Z, Fischer G, Scheiner O, Breiteneder H, Ebner C: Characterization of T cell responses to Hev b 3, an allergen associated with latex allergy in spina bifida patients. J Immunol 2000; 164: 4393-4398.
149. Carballido JM, Carballido-Perrig N, Kagi MK, Meloen RH, Wuthrich B, Heusser CH, Blaser K: T cell epitope specificity in human allergic and nonallergic subjects to bee venom phospholipase A2. J Immunol 1993; 150: 3582-3591.
150. Kammerer R, Kettner A, Chvatchko Y, Dufour N, Tiercy JM, Corradin G, Spertini F: Delineation of PLA2 epitopes using short or long overlapping synthetic peptides: Interest for specific immunotherapy. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 1016-1026.
151. Zhang L, Yang M, Chong P, Mohapatra SS: Multiple B- and T-cell epitopes on a major allergen of Kentucky Bluegrass pollen. Immunology 1996; 87: 283-290.
152. Spiegelberg HL, Beck L, Stevenson DD, Ishioka GY: Recognition of T cell epitopes and lymphokine secretion by rye grass allergen Lolium perenne I-specific human T cell clones. J Immunol 1994; 152: 4706-4711.
153. Burton MD, Papalia L, Eusebius NP, O'Hehir RE, Rolland JM: Characterization of the human T cell response to rye grass pollen allergens Lol p 1 and Lol p 5. Allergy 2002; 57: 1136-1144.
154. Eusebius NP, Papalia L, Suphioglu C, McLellan SC, Varney M, Rolland JM, O'Hehir RE: Oligoclonal analysis of the atopic T cell response to the group 1 allergen of Cynodon dactylon (bermuda grass) pollen: Pre- and post-allergen-specific immunotherapy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2002; 127: 234-244.
155. Ebner C, Szepfalusi Z, Ferreira F, Jilek A, Valenta R, Parronchi P, Maggi E, Romagnani S, Scheiner O, Kraft D: Identification of multiple T cell epitopes on Bet v I, the major birch pollen allergen, using specific T cell clones and overlapping peptides. J Immunol 1993; 150: 1047-1054.
156. Hales BJ, Thomas WR: T-cell sensitization to epitopes from the house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Euroglyphus maynei Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 868-875.
157. Yssel H, Johnson KE, Schneider PV, Wideman J, Terr A, Kastelein R, De Vries JE: T cell activation-inducing epitopes of the house dust mite allergen Der p I: Proliferation and lymphokine production patterns by Der p I-specific CD4+ T cell clones. J Immunol 1992; 148: 738-745.
158. O'Brien RM, Thomas WR, Tait BD: An immunogenetic analysis of T-cell reactive regions on the major allergen from the house dust mite, Der p I, with recombinant truncated fragments. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994; 93: 628-634.
159. O'Hehir RE, Verhoef A, Panagiotopoulou E, Keswani S, Hayball JD, Thomas WR, Lamb JR: Analysis of human T cell responses to the group II allergen of Dermatophagoides species: Localization of major antigenic sites. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993; 92: 105-113.
160. Counsell CM, Bond JF, Ohman JL Jr, Greenstein JL, Garman RD: Definition of the human T-cell epitopes of Fel d 1, the major allergen of the domestic cat. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996; 98: 884-894.
161. Immonen A, Kinnunen T, Sirven P, Taivainen A, Houitte D, Perasaari J, Narvanen A, Saarelainen S, Rytkonen-Nissinen M, Maillere B, Virtanen T: The major horse allergen Equ c 1 contains one immunodominant region of T cell epitopes. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37: 939-947.
162. Zeiler T, Mantyjarvi R, Rautiainen J, Rytkonen- Nissinen M, Vilja P, Taivainen A, Kauppinen J, Virtanen T: T cell epitopes of a lipocalin allergen colocalize with the conserved regions of the molecule. J Immunol 1999; 162: 1415-1422.
163. Jeal H, Draper A, Harris J, Taylor AN, Cullinan P, Jones M: Determination of the T cell epitopes of the lipocalin allergen, Rat n 1. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34: 1919-1925.
164. Woodfolk JA, Platts-Mills TA: Diversity of the human allergen-specific T cell repertoire associated with distinct skin test reactions: Delayed-type hypersensitivity-associated major epitopes induce Th1- and Th2-dominated responses. J Immunol 2001; 167: 5412-5419.
165. Burks W, Sampson HA, Bannon GA: Peanut allergens. Allergy 1998; 53: 725-730.
166. Glaspole IN, de Leon MP, Rolland JM, O'Hehir RE: Characterization of the T-cell epitopes of a major peanut allergen, Ara h 2. Allergy 2005; 60: 35-40.
167. Stickler M, Mucha J, Estell D, Power S, Harding F: A human dendritic cell-based method to identify CD4+ T-cell epitopes in potential protein allergens. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111: 251-254.
168. Nakajima-Adachi H, Hachimura S, Ise W, Honma K, Nishiwaki S, Hirota M, Shimojo N, Katsuki T, Ametani A, Kohno Y, Kaminogawa S: Determinant analysis of IgE and IgG4 antibodies and T cells specific for bovine alpha(s)1-casein from the same patients allergic to cow's milk: Existence of alpha(s)1-casein-specific B cells and T cells characteristic in cow's-milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 101: 660-671.
169. Elsayed S, Eriksen J, Oysaed LK, Idsoe R, Hill DJ: T cell recognition pattern of bovine milk alphaS1-casein and its peptides. Mol Immunol 2004; 41: 1225-1234.
170. Ruiter B, Tregoat V, M'Rabet L, Garssen J, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA, Knol EF, Hoffen E: Characterization of T cell epitopes in alphas1- casein in cow's milk allergic, atopic and non-atopic children. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 36: 303-310.
171. Piastra M, Stabile A, Fioravanti G, Castagnola M, Pani G, Ria F: Cord blood mononuclear cell responsiveness to beta-lactoglobulin: T-cell activity in 'atopy-prone'and 'non-atopy-prone'newborns. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1994; 104: 358-365.
172. Holen E, Elsayed S: Specific T cell lines for ovalbumin, ovomucoid, lysozyme and two OA synthetic epitopes, generated from egg allergic patients'PBMC. Clin Exp Allergy 1996; 26: 1080-1088.
173. Suzuki K, Inoue R, Sakaguchi H, Aoki M, Kato Z, Kaneko H, Matsushita S, Kondo N: The correlation between ovomucoid-derived peptides, human leucocyte antigen class II molecules and T cell receptor-complementarity determining region 3 compositions in patients with egg-white allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32: 1223-1230.
174. Shimojo N, Katsuki T, Coligan JE, Nishimura Y, Sasazuki T, Tsunoo H, Sakamaki T, Kohno Y, Niimi H: Identification of the disease- related T cell epitope of ovalbumin and epitope-targeted T cell inactivation in egg allergy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1994; 105: 155-161.
175. Tanabe S, Kobayashi Y, Takahata Y, Morimatsu F, Shibata R, Nishimura T: Some human B and T cell epitopes of bovine serum albumin, the major beef allergen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 293: 1348-1353.
176. de Silva HD, Sutherland MF, Suphioglu C, McLellan SC, Slater JE, Rolland JM, O'Hehir RE: Human T-cell epitopes of the latex allergen Hev b 5 in health care workers. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105: 1017-1024.
177. de Silva HD, Gardner LM, Drew AC, Beezhold DH, Rolland JM, O'Hehir RE: The hevein domain of the major latex-glove allergen Hev b 6.01 contains dominant T cell reactive sites. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34: 611-618.
178. Dhillon M, Roberts C, Nunn T, Kuo M: Mapping human T cell epitopes on phospholipase A2: The major bee-venom allergen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90: 42-51.
179. Bohle B, Zwolfer B, Fischer GF, Seppala U, Kinaciyan T, Bolwig C, Spangfort MD, Ebner C: Characterization of the human T cell response to antigen 5 from Vespula vulgaris (Ves v 5). Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35: 367-373.
180. Nielsen M, Lundegaard C, Blicher T, Peters B, Sette A, Justesen S, Buus S, Lund O: Quantitative predictions of peptide binding to any HLA-DR molecule of known sequence: NetMHCIIpan. PLoS Comput Biol 2008; 4:e1000107.
181. Singh H, Raghava GP: ProPred: Prediction of HLA-DR binding sites. Bioinformatics 2001; 17: 1236-1237.
182. Peters B, Sidney J, Bourne P, Bui HH, Buus S, Doh G, Fleri W, Kronenberg M, Kubo R, Lund O, Nemazee D, Ponomarenko JV, Sathiamurthy M, Schoenberger S, Stewart S, Surko P, Way S, Wilson S, Sette A: The immune epitope database and analysis resource: From vision to blueprint. PLoS Biol 2005; 3:e91.
183. Nielsen M, Lundegaard C, Lund O, Kesmir C: The role of the proteasome in generating cytotoxic T-cell epitopes: Insights obtained from improved predictions of proteasomal cleavage. Immunogenetics 2005; 57: 33-41.
184. Reche PA, Glutting JP, Reinherz EL: Prediction of MHC class I binding peptides using profile motifs. Hum Immunol 2002; 63: 701-709.