Review on cancer and anticancerous properties of some medicinal plants

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research

Volumn 5, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 1818-1835

  Sharma, Harpreet ^a   Parihar, Leena ^a   Parihar, Pradeep ^a  

^a LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Anticancer properties; Cancer; Medicinal plants; Review

Indexed keywords

ARTEMISININ ANNUA EXTRACT; CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS EXTRACT; CISPLATIN; CURCUMA LONGA EXTRACT; DOXORUBICIN; FLUOROURACIL; HERBACEOUS AGENT; LAWSONIA INERMIS EXTRACT; MORINDA CITRIFOLIA EXTRACT; MORINGA OLEIFERA EXTRACT; PACLITAXEL; PLANT EXTRACT; RHODIOLA ROSEA EXTRACT; SEMECARPUS ANACARDIUM EXTRACT; TAXUS BREVIFOLIA EXTRACT; TRIGONELLA FOENUM GRAECUM EXTRACT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VINBLASTINE; VINCRISTINE; WITHANIA SOMNIFERA EXTRACT;

ADENOCARCINOMA; ALLOPATHY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTEMISININ ANNUA; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CELL; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL DIVISION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL STRUCTURE; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG STRUCTURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HUMAN; LAWSONIA INERMIS; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER PROTECTION; LUNG ADENOMA; LUNG CANCER; LYMPHOSARCOMA; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MEDICINAL PLANT; MITOCHONDRION; OVERALL SURVIVAL; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SKIN PAPILLOMA; UBIQUITINATION;

EID: 84860390168     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19960875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (146)

1. Aggarwal BB (2003). Anticancer potential of curcumin: Preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res., 23: 363-398.
2. Ahmad N, Gupta S, Mukhtar H (2000). Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin -3 -gallate differentially modulates nuclear factor kappa B in cancer cells versus normal cells. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 2000, 376: 338.
3. Ahn W, Huh S, Bae S (2003). A major constituent of green tea, EGCG, inhibits the growth of a human cervical cancer cell line, CaSki cells, through apoptosis, G(1) arrest, and regulation of gene expression. DNA Cell Biol., 22: 217.
4. Amos LA, Lowe J (1999). How taxol stabilises microtubule Structure. Chem. Biol., 6: R65-R69.
5. Arathi G, Sachdanandam P (2003). Therapeutic effect of Semecarpus anacardium Linn. nut milk extract on carbohydrate metabolizing and mitochondrial TCA cycle and respiratory chain enzymes in mammary carcinoma rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 55: 1283-1290.
6. Balakrishnan S, Seshadri TR, Venkataramani B (1961). Special chemical component of commercial woods and related plant materials: path X-Heart wood of Morinda citrifolia, Linn. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 20: 331-333.
7. Bellacosa A, de Feo D, Godwin AK, Bell DW, Cheng JQ, Altomare DA, Wan M, Dubeau L, Scambia G, Masciullo V (1995). Molecular alterations of the AKT2 oncogene in ovarian and breast carcinomas. Int. J. Cancer, 64: 280-285.
8. Bennett RN, Mellon FA, Foidl N, Pratt JH, DuPont MS, Perkins L, Kroon PA (2003). Profiling glucosinolates and phenolics in vegetative and reproductive tissues of the multipurpose trees Moringa oleifera L. (Horseradish tree) and Moringa stenopetala L. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 3546-3553.
9. Bharali R, Tabassum J, Azad MRH (2003). Chemomodulatory effect of Moringa oleifera, Lam, on hepatic carcinogen metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant parameters and skin papillomagenesis in mice. Asian Pacific J. Cancer Prev., 4: 131-139.
10. Bhatia K, Kaur M, Atif F, Ali M, Rehman H, Rahman S, Raisuddin S (2006). Aqueous extract of T. foenum-graecum L. ameliorates additive urotoxicity of buthionine sulfoximine and cyclophosphamide in mice. Food Chem. Toxicol., 44: 1744-1750.
11. Bielak-Zmijewska A (2000). Effect of curcumin on the apoptosis of rodent and human nonproliferating and proliferating lymphoid cells. Nutr. Cancer, 38: 131-138.
12. Bonanome A, Pagnan A, Caruso D (2000). Evidence of postprandial absorption of olive oil phenols in humans. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis., 10:111-120.
13. Bromberg L (2008). Polymeric micelles in oral chemotherapy. J. Control Release, 128(2): 99-112.
14. Budavari SO, Neil MJ, Smith A, Heckelman PE (1989). The Merck Index. An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. 11th ed. Merck and Co Inc, Rath way, New Jersey.
15. Bursch W, Ellinger A, Gerner C, Frohwein U, Schulte HR (2000). Programmed cell death. Apoptosis, autophagic PCD, or others? Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 926: 1-12.
16. Buzdar AU, Singletary SE, Valero V, Booser DJ (2002). Evaluation of paclitaxel in adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with operable breast cancer: preliminary data of a prospective randomized trial. Clin. Cancer Res., 8: 1073-1079.
17. Chakraborty S, Roy M, Taraphdar AK, Battacharya RK (2004). Phytother. Res., 18: 595-600.
18. Chen YC, Shen SC, Lin HY (2003). Rutinoside at C7 attenuates the apoptosis-inducing activity of flavonoids. Biochem. Pharmacol., 66: 1139-50.
19. Chi KN, Chia SK, Dixon R, Newman MJ (2005). A phase I pharmacokinetic study of the P-glycoprotein inhibitor, ONT-093, in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced cancer. Invest. New Drugs, 23: 311-315.
20. Choi J, Kim J, Lee J (2001). Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by quercetin. Int. J. Oncol., 19: 837.
21. Chopra, R.N. (1982). Indigenous drugs of India, II nd Edition Pp. 407-409
22. Citron ML, Berry DA, Cirrincione C, Hudis C (2003). Randomized trial of dose-dense versus conventionally scheduled and sequential versus concurrent combination chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant treatment of node-positive primary breast cancer: First Report of Intergroup Trial C9741/Cancer and Leukemia Group B Trial 9741. J. Clin. Oncol., 21: 1431-1439.
23. Cochran JC, Gatial, JE, Kapoor TM, Gilbert SP (2005). Monastrol inhibition of the mitotic kinesin Eg5. J. Biol. Chem., 280: 12658-12667.
24. Davies AM, Lara PN, Mack PC, Gandara DR (2003). Docetaxel in nonsmall cell lung cancer: a review. Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 4: 553-565.
25. Devi PU, Sharada AC, Solomon FE (1995). In vivo growth inhibitory and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Cancer Lett., 95: 189-193.
26. Devi PU, Sharada AC, Solomon FE, Kamath MS (1992). In vivo growth inhibitory effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on a transplantable mouse tumor, Sarcoma 180. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 30: 169-172.
27. Devi PU (1996). Withania somnifera dunal (ashwagandha): potential plant source of a promising drug for cancer chemotherapy and radiosensitization. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 34: 927-932.
28. Ding AH, Porteu F, Sanchez E, Nathan CF (1990). Shared actions of endo-toxin and taxol on TNF receptors and TNF release. Science, 248: 370-372.
29. Dualatabad CD, Mulla GM, Mirajikar AM (1989). Riconoleic acid in Morinda citrifolia seed oil. Oil Technol. Assoc. India, 21: 26-27.
30. Duke JA (1992). Hand book of phytochemicals. Boca Raton, FL: CRC publishing.
31. Farine JP, Legal L., Moreteau B, Le Quere JL (1996). Volatile components of ripe fruits of Morinda citrifolia and their effects on Drosophila. Phytochem., 41: 433-438.
32. Efferth T, Benakis A, Romero MR, Tomicic M, Rauh R, Steinbach D, Häfer R, Stamminger T, Oesch F, Kaina B, Marschall M (2004). Enhancement of cytotoxicity of artemisinins toward cancer cells by ferrous iron. Free Rad. Biol. Med., 37: 998-1009.
33. Efferth T, Dunstan H, Sauerbrey A, Miyachi H, Chitambar CR (2001). The anti-malarial artesunate is also active against cancer. Int. J. Oncol., 18: 767-773.
34. El-Sayed A, Cordell GA (1981). Catharanthus alkaloids. XXXIV. Catharanthamine, a new antitumor bisindole alkaloid from Catharanthus roseus. J. Nat. Prod., 44(3): 289-293.
35. El-Sayed A, Handy GA, Cordell GA (1983). Catharanthus alkaloids, XXXVIII. Confirming structural evidence and antineoplastic activity of the bisindole alkaloids leurosine-N'b-oxide (pleurosine), roseadine and vindolicine from Catharanthus roseus. J. Nat. Prod., 46(4): 517-527.
36. Fahey JW, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Talalay P (2004). The "Prochaska" microtiter plate bioassay for inducers of NQO1. Chapter 14 in Methods in Enzymol., (Eds.) H Sies and L Packer, Elsevier Science, San Diego, CA, 382: 243-258.
37. Fahey JW, Zalcmann AT, Talalay P (2001). The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. Phytochem., 56(1): 5-51, corrigendum: Phytochem., 59: 237.
38. Fujie Y, Yamamoto H, Ngan CY, Takagi A (2005). Oxaliplatin, a potent inhibitor of survivin, enhances paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe in colon cancer cells. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., 35: 453-463.
39. Gedam PH, Sampathkumaran PS, Sivasamban MA (1974). Phytochem., 13: 513-515.
40. Gil RR, Lin L, Cordell GAK (1995). Anacardoside from the seeds of Semecarpusanacardium Phytochem., 39(2): 405-407.
41. Goel A (2001). Specific inhibitionof cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by dietary curcumin in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett., 172: 111-118.
42. Gradishar WJ, Tjulandin S, Davidson N, Shaw H (2005). Phase III trial of nanoparticle albuminbound paclitaxel compared with polyethylated castor oil-based paclitaxel in women with breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 23: 7794-7803.
43. Guddadarangavvanahally K (2002). Evaluation of Antioxidant activities and antimutagenicity of turmeric oil: A byproduct of curcumin production. Z Naturforsch, 57: 828-835.
44. Gueritte-Voegelein F, Senilh V, David B, Guenard D (1986). Chemical studies of 10-deacetyl baccatin III. Hemisynthesis of taxol derivatives. Tetrahedron, 42: 4451-4460.
45. Hartwell JL (1967-1971). Plants used against cancer: A survey. Lloydia, pp. 30-34.
46. Heinicke R (1985). The pharmacologically active ingredients of Noni. Bull. Natl. Trop. Bot. Garden.
47. Henderson IC, Berry DA, Demetri GD, Cirrincione CT (2003). Improved outcomes from adding sequential paclitaxel but not from escalating doxorubicin dose in an adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for patients with node-positive primary breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 21: 976-983.
48. Hiramastsu T, Imoto M, Koyano T, Umezawa K (1993). Induction of normal phenotypes in ras transformed cells by damnacanthal from Morinda citrifolia L. Cancer lett., 73: 161-166.
49. Hirazumi A, Furusawa E (1999). An Immunomodulatory polysaccharide rich substance from the fruit juice of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) with antitumour activity. Phytother. Res., 13: 380-387.
50. Hirazumi A, Furusawa E, Chou SC, Hokama Y (1996). Immunomodulation contributes to the anticancer activity Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit juice. Proc. West Pharmacol. Soc., 39: 7-9.
51. Hirazumi A, Furusuma E, Chou SC, Hokama Y (1994). Anticancer activity of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on intraperitonially implanted Lewis lung carcinoma in syngenic mice. Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc., 37: 145-146.
52. Holmes FA, Walters RS, Theriault RL, Forman AD (1991). Phase II trial of taxol, an active drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 83: 1797-1805.
53. Iwashita K, Kobori M, Yamaki K, Tsushida T (2000). Flavonoids inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in B16 melanoma 4A5 cells. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 64: 1813-1820.
54. Izquierdo M (2005). Short interfering RNAs as a tool for cancer gene therapy. Cancer Gene Ther., 12: 217-227
55. Jiang N, Wang X, Yang Y, Dai Y (2006). Advances in mitotic inhibitors for cancer treatment. Mini-Rev. Med. Chem., 6: 885-895.
56. Jordan MA, Wilson L (2004). Microtubules as a target for anticancer drugs. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 4: 253-265.
57. Juevara AP, Vargas C, Sakurai H, Fujiwara Y, Hashimoto K, Maoka T, Kozuka M, Ito Y, Tokuda, H., Nishino, H (1999). An antitumor promoter from Moringa oleifera Lam. Mutation Res., 440: 181-188.
58. Katdare M, Osborne M, Telang N (2002). Soy isoflavone genistein modulates cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis in HER-2/neuoncogene expressing human breast epithelial cells. Int. J. Oncol., 21: 809.
59. Khar A (1999). Antitmnor activity of curcumin is mediated through the induction of apoptosis in AK-5 tumor cells. FEBS Lett., 445: 165-168.
60. Khare CP (1982). Encyclopedia of Indian medicinal plants. Pp. 419-421.
61. Kingston D (2007). The shape of things to come: Structural and syntheticstudies of taxol and related compounds. Phytochem., 68: 1844-1854.
62. Kovács P, Csaba G, Pállinger E, Czaker R (2007). Effects of taxol treatment on the microtubular system and mitochondria of Tetrahymena. Cell, Cell Biol Int., 31(7): 724-732.
63. Kuttan R (1985). Potential anticancer activity of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Cancer Lett., 29: 197-202.
64. Lai H, Singh NP (1995). Selective cancer cell cytotoxicity from exposure to dihydroartemisinin and holotransferrin. Cancer Lett., 91: 41-46.
65. Lai H, Sasaki T, Singh NP (2005). Messay, A. Effects of artemisinintagged holotrasferrin on cancer cells. Life Sci., 76: 1267-1279.
66. Lee CY, Baehrecke EH (2001). Steroid regulation of autophagic programmed cell death during development. Development, 128: 1443-1455.
67. Lee H, Lim Soo P, Liu J, Butler M (2007). Polymeric micelles for formulation of anti-cancer drugs, in MM Amiji (Ed.), Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 17: 317-355.
68. Lee MW, Lee YA, Park HM (2000). Antioxidative phenolic compounds from the roots of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor. Arch. Pharm. Res., 23: 455-458.
69. Legal L, David JR, Jallon JM (1994). Molecular Basis Morinda citrifolia (L): toxicity on drosophila. J. Chem. Ecol., 20: 1931-1943.
70. Leist M, Jaattela M (2001). Four deaths and a funeral: from caspases to alternative mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 2: 589-598.
71. Levand O, Larson HO (1979). Some chemical constituents of Morinda citrifolia. Planta Med., 41: 433-8.
72. Li F, Ambrosini G, Chu EY, Plescia J (1998). Control of apoptosis and mitotic spindle checkpoint by surviving. Nat., 396: 580-584.
73. Linh PT, Kim YH, Hong SP (2000). Quantitative determination of salidroside and tyrosol from the underground part of Rhodiola rosea by high performance liquid chromatography. Arch. Pharm. Res., 23: 349-352.
74. Liu G, Bode A, Ma WY, Sang S, Ho CT, Dong Z (2001). Two Novel glycosides from fruits of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) inhibit AP-1 trans activation and cell transformation in the mouse epidermal JB6 cell line. Cancer Res., 61: 5749-5756.
75. Madhuri S, Pandey G (2009). Some anticancer medicinal plants of foreign origin. Current Sci., 96(6): 779-783.
76. Mahady GB (2002). Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and curcumin inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori, a group 1 carcinogen. Anticancer Res., 22: 4179-4181.
77. Majumdar SH, Chakraborthy GS, Kulkarni KS (2008). Medical potential of Semecarpus and Anacardium nut. A Rev. J. Herbal Med. Toxicol., 2(2): 9-13.
78. Mamounas EP, Bryant J, Lembersky BC (2003). Paclitaxel (T) Following Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide (AC) as Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Node-Positive Breast Cancer: Results from NSA B-28, Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol., 22: Abstract 12.
79. Masuda M, Suzui M, Weinstein I (2001). Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on growth, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways, gene expression, and chemosensitivity in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Clin. Cancer Res., 7:4220.
80. Mathivanan N, Surendiran G, Srinivasan K, Sagadevan E, Malarvizhi K (2005). Review on the current scenario of Noni research: Taxonomy, distribution, chemistry, medicinal and therapeutic values of Morinda citrifolia Intl. J. Noni Res., 1(1): 1-16.
81. McGrogan BT, Gilmartin B, Carney DN, McCann A (2008). Taxanes, microtubules and chemoresistant breast cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 85(2): 96-132.
82. McGuire WP, Rowinsky EK, Rosenshein NB, Grumbine FC (1989). Taxol: A unique antineoplastic agent with signifcant activity in advanced ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Ann. Intern. Med., 111: 273-279.
83. Modi S, Digiovanna MP, Lu Z, Moskowitz C, Panageas KS (2005). Phosphorylated/activated HER2 as a marker of clinical resistance to single agent taxane chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Invest., 23: 483-487.
84. Moore JC, Lai H, Li JR, Ren RL, McDougall JA, Singh NP, Chou CK (1995). Oral administration of dihydroartemisinin and ferrous sulfate retarded implanted fibrosarcoma growth in the rat. Cancer Lott., 98: 83-87.
85. Moorthy NK, Reddy GS (1970). Preliminary phytochemical andpharmacological study of Morinda citrifolia, Linn. Antiseptic, 67: 167-171.
86. Mullan PB, Quinn JE, Gilmore PM, McWilliams S (2001). BRCA1 and GADD45 mediated G2/M cell cycle arrest in response to antimicrotubule agents. Oncogene, 20: 6123-6131.
87. Murakami A, Kitazono Y, Jiwajinda S, Koshimizu K, Ohigashi H (1998). Niaziminin, a thiocarbamate from the leaves of Moringa oleifera, holds a strict structural requirement for inhibition of tumor-promoterinduced Epstein-Barr virus activation. Planta Medica, 64: 319-323.
88. Nakase I, Gallis B, Takatani-Nakase T, Oh S, Lacoste E, Singh NP, Goodlett, DR, Tanaka S, Futaki S, Lai H, Sasaki T (2009). Transferrin receptor-dependent cytotoxicity of artemisinin-transferrin conjugates on prostate cancer cells and induction of apoptosis. Cancer Lett., 274: 290-298.
89. Nardkarni KM (1976). Indian Materia medica, Popular prakashan, 1(3): 1119-1125.
90. Oh S, Kim BJ, Singh NP, Lai H, Sasaki T (2009). Synthesis and anticancer activity of covalent conjugates of artemisinin and a transferrinreceptor targeting peptide. Cancer Lett., 274: 33-39.
91. Ohsugi M, Fan W, Hase K (1999). Active oxygen scavenging activity of traditional nourishing-tonic herbal medicines and active constituents of Rhodiola sacra. J. Ethnopharmacol., 67: 111-119.
92. Okabe S, Ochiai Y, Aida M (1999). Mechanistic aspects of green tea as a cancer preventive: Effect of components on human stomach cancer cell lines. Jpn. J. Cancer, Res., 90: 733.
93. Ozols RF (2003). Progress in ovarian cancer: an overview and perspective. Eur. J. Cancer Suppl., 1: 43-55.
94. Paschka A, Butler R, Young C (1998). Induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines by the green tea component, epigallocatechin -3 -gallate. Cancer Lett., 130: 1.
95. Peerzada N, Renaud S, Ryan P (1990). Vitamuin C and elemental composition of some bush fruits. J. Plant Nutr., 13: 787-793.
96. Phan TT (2001). Protective effects of curcumin against oxidative damage on skin cells in vitro: Its implication for wound healing. J. Trauma, 51: 927-931.
97. Phatak MK, Ambaye RA, Indap MA, Bhatia KG (1983). Medicinal Potentials of Semecarpus Anacardium Nut-A Review. Ind. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 27: 166-170.
98. Piccart MJ, Cardoso F (2003). Progress in systemic therapy for breast cancer: an overview and perspectives. Eur. J. Cancer Suppl., 1: 56-69.
99. Piñeiro D, González VM, Hernández-Jiménez M, Salinas M (2007). Translation regulation after taxol treatment in NIH3T3 cells involves the elongation factor (eEF)2. Exp. Cell Res., 17: 3694-3706.
100. Pineiro D, Martin ME, Guerra N, Salinas M (2007). Calpain inhibition stimulates caspase-dependent apoptosis induced by taxol in NIH3T3 cells. Exp. Cell Res., 313: 369-379.
101. Plosker GL, Keam SJ (2006). Trastuzumab: a review of its use in the management of HER2-positive metastatic and early-stage breast cancer. Drugs, 66: 449-475.
102. Pontes E, Schluckebier L, de Moraes JL, Hainaut P, Ferreira CG (2009). Role of p53 in the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by cisplatin or paclitaxel in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Letters.
103. Prakasa RNS, Ramachandra RL, Brown RT (1973). Identification of urushiols as the major active principle of the Siddha herbal medicine Semecarpus Lehyam: Anti-tumor agents for the treatment of breast cancer. Phytochem., 12: 671-681.
104. Pujol M, Gavilondo J, Ayala M, Rodríguez M (2007). Fighting cancer with plant-expressed pharmaceuticals. Trends Biotech., 10: 455-459.
105. Pusztai L, Wagner P, Ibrahim N, Rivera E (2005). Phase II study of Ramachandran C (2002). Curcumin inhibits telomerase activity through human telomerase reverse transcriptase in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Cancer Lett., 184: 1-6.
106. Rao GV, Kumar S, Islam M, Mansour SE (2008). Folk medicines for anticancer therapy-a current status Review Article Cancer Therapy, 6: 913-922
107. Rastogi RP, Mehrotra BN (1990). Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants PID, New Delhi, 2: 422.
108. Rastogi RP, Mehrotra BN (1998). Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants, Vol. 6. Central Drug Research Institute, New Delhi.
109. Ruby AJ (1995). Anti-tumour and antioxidant activity of natural curcuminoids. Cancer Lett, 94: 79-83.
110. Salah-Eldin AE, Inoue S, Tsukamoto S, Aoi H (2003). An association of Bcl-2 phosphorylation and Bax localization with their functions after hyperthermia and paclitaxel treatment. Int. J. Cancer, 103: 53-60.
111. Sang, S., He, K., Liu, G., Zhu, N., Cheng, X. and Wang, M. (2001) A new Unusual iridoid with inhibition of activator protein-1 (AP-1) from the leaves of Morinda citrifolia L. Org. Let., 3: 1307-1309.
112. Seidemann J (2002). Noni-a questionable magic fruit from the South Seas. Zeits chrift-Fur-Phytotherapie, 23(2): 62-67.
113. Sharad AC, Solomon FE, Devi PU (1996). Antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo. Acta Oncol., 35: 95-100.
114. Simonsen JL (1920). Note on the constituents of Morinda citrifolia. J. Chem. Soc., 117: 561-564.
115. Singh N, Singh SP, Nath R (1986). Prevention of urethane-induced lung adenomas by Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal in albino mice. Int. J. Crude Drug Res., 24: 90-100.
116. Singh J, Tiwari RD (1976). Flavone glycosides from the flowers of Morinda citrifolia. J. Indian Chem. Soc., 53: 424.
117. Singh NP, Lai H (2001). Selective toxicity of dihydroartemisinin and holotransferrin toward human breast cancer cells. Life Sci., 70: 49-56.
118. Slamon D, Godolphin W, Jones L, Holt J (1989). Studies of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene in human breast and ovarian cancer. Sci., 244: 707-712.
119. Smit HF, Woerdenbag HJ, Singh RH, Meulenbeld GJ, Labadie RP, Zwaving ZH (1995). J. Ethnopharmacol., 47: 75-84.
120. Somasundaram S (2002). Dietary curcumin inhibits chemotherapyinduced apoptosis in models of human breast cancer. Cancer Res., 62: 3868-3875.
121. Sperandio S, de Belle I, Bredesen DE (2000). An alternative, nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 97: 14376-14381.
122. Stewart S, Fang G (2005). Destruction box-dependent degradation of aurora B is mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome and Cdh1. Cancer Res., 65: 8730-8735.
123. Sunters A, Fernandez de Mattos S, Stahl M, Brosens JJ (2003). FoxO3a transcriptional regulation of Bim controls apoptosis in paclitaxel treated breast cancer cell lines. J. Biol. Chem., 278: 49795-497805.
124. Tariquidar (2005). A selective P-glycoprotein inhibitor, in patients with chemotherapy-resistant, advanced breast carcinoma. Cancer, 104: 682-691.
125. Toppmeyer D, Seidman AD, Pollak M, Russell C (2002). Safety and efficacy of the multidrug resistance inhibitor Incel in combination with paclitaxel in advanced breast cancer refractory to paclitaxel. Clin. Cancer Res., 8: 670-678.
126. Toppo FA, Akhand R, Pathak AK (2009). Pharmacological actions and potential uses of Trigonella foenum -graecum A Rev. Asian J. Pharmaceut. Clin. Res., 2(4): 29-38.
127. Tudor G, Aguilera A, Halverson DO, Laing ND (2000). Susceptibility to drug-induced apoptosis correlates with differential modulation of Bad, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL protein levels. Cell Death Differ., 7: 574-586.
128. Udintsev SN, Schakhov VP (1991). Decrease of cyclophosphamide haematotoxicity by Rhodiola rosea root extract in mice with Ehrlich and Lewis transplantable tumors. Eur. J. Cancer, 27: 1182.
129. Udintsev SN, Shakhov VP (1991). The role of humoral factors of regenerating liver in the development of experimental tumors and the effect of Rhodiola rosea extract on this process. Neoplasma, 38: 323-331.
130. Udintsev SN, Krylova SG, Fomina TI (1992). The enhancement of the efficacy of adriamycin by using hepatoprotectors of plant origin in metastases of Ehrlich's adenocarcinoma to the liver in mice. Vopr. Onkol., 38: 1217-1222.
131. Ueda JY, Tezuka Y, Banskota AH (2002). Antiproliferative activity of Vietnamese medicinal plants. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 25(6): 753-60
132. Upadhyay S, Neburi M, Chinni S (2001) Differential sensitivity of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells to genistein is partly mediated by p21 (WAF1). Clin. Cancer Res., 7: 1782.
133. VanFurt R (1982). Current view on the mononuclear phagocyte system. Immunobiol., 161: 178-185.
134. Villasenor IM (2002). Comparative potencies of nutraceuticals in chemically induced skin tumor prevention. Nutr. Cancer, 44: 66-70.
135. Visioli F, Galli C, Bornet F (2000). Olive oil phenolics are dosedependently absorbed in humans. FEBS Lett., 468: 159-160.
136. Von HC, Wieder T, Essmann F, Schulze-Osthoff K (2003). Pacli-taxelinduced apoptosis in BJAB cells proceeds via a death receptorindependent, caspases-3/-8-driven mitochondrial amplifcation loop. Oncogene, 22: 2236-2247.
137. Wang M, Kikuzaki H, Jin Y, Nakatani N, Zhu N, Csiszar K (2000). Novel glycosides from Noni (Morinda citrifolia); J. Nat. Prod., 63: 1182-1183.
138. Wang M, Kikuzaki H, Csiszar K, Boyd CD, Maunakea A, Fong SF (1999). Novel trisaccharide fatty acids ester identified from the fruits of Morinda citrifolia (Noni). J. Agric. Food Chem., 47: 4880-4882.
139. Wang MY, Su C, Nowicki D, Jensen J, Anderson G (2002). Protective effect of Morinda citrifolia on plasma superoxides (SAR) and Lipid peroxides (LPO) in current smokers.The proceeding of 11th Biennial meeting of the society For Free radicals research internationals. July16-20 Ren'e Descartes University. Paris, France.
140. Wang S, Zheng Z, Weng Y (2004). Angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chinese medicinal herbal extracts. Life Sci., 74(20): 2467-78.
141. Wani MC, Taylor HL, Wall ME, Coggon P (1971). Plant antitumor agents. VI. The isolation and structure of taxol, a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from Taxus brevifolia. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 93: 2325-2327.
142. Wiernik PH, Schwartz EL, Enzig A, Strauman JJ (1987). Phase I trial of taxol given as a 24-hour infusion every 21 days: responses observed in metastatic melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol., 5: 1232-1239.
143. Xiong XB, Aliabadi HM, Lavasanifar A (2005). PEO-modifed poly(Lamino acid) micelles for drug delivery, in: MM Amiji (Ed.), Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy, CRC Press, Boca Raton Chapter 18, pp. 357-383.
144. Yang G, Liao J, Kim K, Yurkow E, Yang C (1998). Inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in human cancer cell lines by tea polyphenols. Carcinogen., 19: 611.
145. Zaffaroni M, Pennati M, Colella G, Perego P (2002). Expression of the anti-apoptotic gene survivin correlates with taxol resistance in human ovarian cancer. Cell Mol. Life Sci., 59: 1406-1412.
146. Zhou J, Giannakakou P (2005). Targeting microtubules for cancer chemotherapy. Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer Agents, 5: 65-71.