Chemotherapy-induced weakness and fatigue in skeletal muscle: The role of oxidative stress

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling

Volumn 15, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 2543-2563

  Gilliam, Laura A A ^a   St Clair, Daret K ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTHRACYCLINE; DAUNORUBICIN; DOXORUBICIN; EPIRUBICIN; ETOPOSIDE; IDARUBICIN; IRINOTECAN; MIXTOXANTRONE; TOPOTECAN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

BILIARY TRACT CANCER; BLADDER CANCER; BREAST CANCER; BREATHING MUSCLE; COLORECTAL CANCER; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CANCER; ESOPHAGUS CANCER; FATIGUE; GLIOBLASTOMA; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HEART MUSCLE; HINDLIMB; HUMAN; LEUKEMIA; LIVER CANCER; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LUNG SMALL CELL CANCER; LYMPHOMA; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; MUSCLE FATIGUE; MUSCLE FUNCTION; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MYELOID LEUKEMIA; NONHUMAN; OVARY CANCER; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PANCREAS CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SKELETAL MUSCLE; STOMACH CANCER; THYROID CANCER; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; HUMANS; MUSCLE FATIGUE; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; OXIDATIVE STRESS;

EID: 80053025560     PISSN: 15230864     EISSN: 15577716     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.3965     Document Type: Review

References (281)

1. Aaronson NK, Ahmedzai S, Bergman B, Bullinger M, Cull A, Duez NJ, Filiberti A, Flechtner H, Fleishman SB, de Haes JC, et al. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: A quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. J Natl Cancer Inst 85: 365-376, 1993. (Pubitemid 23073154)
2. Abd El-Gawad HM and El-Sawalhi MM. Nitric oxide and oxidative stress in brain and heart of normal rats treated with doxorubicin: Role of aminoguanidine. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 18: 69-77, 2004.
3. Abramson JJ, Buck E, Salama G, Casida JE, and Pessah IN. Mechanism of anthraquinone-induced calcium release from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 263: 18750-18758, 1988. (Pubitemid 19016332)
4. Adachi T, Nagae T, Ito Y, Hirano K, and Sugiura M. Relation between cardiotoxic effect of adriamycin and superoxide anion radical. J Pharmacobiodyn 6: 114-123, 1983. (Pubitemid 13107947)
5. Akbas SH, Timur M, and Ozben T. The effect of quercetin on topotecan cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells. J Surg Res 125: 49-55, 2005. (Pubitemid 40523775)
6. Akerley W, McCoy J, Hesketh PJ, Goodwin JW, Bearden JD, Atkins JN, Chansky K, Crowley JJ, and Gandara DR. Gemcitabine and irinotecan for patients with untreated extensive stage small cell lung cancer: SWOG 0119. J Thorac Oncol 2: 526-530, 2007. (Pubitemid 47171807)
7. Amato RJ and Sarao H. A phase I study of paclitaxel/doxorubicin/ thalidomide in patients with androgenindependent prostate cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 4: 281-286, 2006. (Pubitemid 43779886)
8. Andrade FH, Reid MB, Allen DG, and Westerblad H. Effect of hydrogen peroxide and dithiothreitol on contractile function of single skeletal muscle fibres from the mouse. J Physiol Online 509: 565-575, 1998. (Pubitemid 28287013)
9. Arcamone F FG and Penco S. Process for the preparation of adriamycin and adriamycinone and adriamycin derivatives. US Patent 3,803,124, 1974.
10. Argiris A, Agarwala SS, Karamouzis MV, Burmeister LA, and Carty SE. A phase II trial of doxorubicin and interferon alpha 2b in advanced, non-medullary thyroid cancer. Invest New Drugs 26: 183-188, 2008. (Pubitemid 351357713)
11. Argiris A, Buchanan A, Brockstein B, Kolesar J, Ghebremichael M, Pins M, Hahn K, Axelrod R, and Forastiere A. Docetaxel and irinotecan in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer: A phase 2 trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Cancer 115: 4504-4513, 2009.
12. Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Ziegler H, and Brenner H. A population-based study of the impact of specific symptoms on quality of life in women with breast cancer 1 year after diagnosis. Cancer 107: 2496-2503, 2006. (Pubitemid 44748535)
13. Arthur PG, Grounds MD, and Shavlakadze T. Oxidative stress as a therapeutic target during muscle wasting: considering the complex interactions. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 11: 408-416, 2008.
14. Avner BS, Hinken AC, Yuan C, and Solaro RJ. H2O2 alters rat cardiac sarcomere function and protein phosphorylation through redox signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 299: H723-730, 2010.
15. Barreiro E and Hussain SN. Protein carbonylation in skeletal muscles: Impact on function. Antioxid Redox Signal 12: 417-429, 2010.
16. Bender CM, Sereika SM, Berga SL, Vogel VG, Brufsky AM, Paraska KK, and Ryan CM. Cognitive impairment associated with adjuvant therapy in breast cancer. Psychooncology 15: 422-430, 2006. (Pubitemid 43826855)
17. Berthiaume JM, Oliveira PJ, Fariss MW, and Wallace KB. Dietary vitamin E decreases doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress without preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 5: 257-267, 2005. (Pubitemid 41506867)
18. Blazeby JM, Brookes ST, and Alderson D. The prognostic value of quality of life scores during treatment for oesophageal cancer. Gut 49: 227-230, 2001. (Pubitemid 32675116)
19. Bonifati DM, Ori C, Rossi CR, Caira S, Fanin M, and Angelini C. Neuromuscular damage after hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion in patients with melanoma or sarcoma treated with chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 46: 517-522, 2000.
20. Borden LS, Jr., Clark PE, Lovato J, Hall MC, Stindt D, Harmon M, Mohler R, and Torti FM. Vinorelbine, doxorubicin, and prednisone in androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cancer 107: 1093-1100, 2006. (Pubitemid 44291159)
21. Bos AM, De Vos FY, de Vries EG, Beijnen JH, Rosing H, Mourits MJ, van der Zee AG, Gietema JA, and Willemse PH. A phase I study of intraperitoneal topotecan in combination with intravenous carboplatin and paclitaxel in advanced ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer 41: 539-548, 2005. (Pubitemid 40292733)
22. Bower JE, Ganz PA, Aziz N, and Fahey JL. Fatigue and proinflammatory cytokine activity in breast cancer survivors. Psychosom Med 64: 604-611, 2002. (Pubitemid 34791163)
23. Brown DJ, McMillan DC, and Milroy R. The correlation between fatigue, physical function, the systemic inflammatory response, and psychological distress in patients with advanced lung cancer. Cancer 103: 377-382, 2005. (Pubitemid 40129298)
24. Bruner DW, Barsevick A, Tian C, Randall M, Mannel R, Cohn DE, Sorosky J, and Spirtos NM. Randomized trial results of quality of life comparing whole abdominal irradiation and combination chemotherapy in advanced endometrial carcinoma: A gynecologic oncology group study. Qual Life Res 16: 89-100, 2007. (Pubitemid 46046740)
25. Byar KL, Berger AM, Bakken SL, and Cetak MA. Impact of adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy on fatigue, other symptoms, and quality of life. Oncol Nurs Forum 33: E18-26, 2006.
26. Cadeddu C, Piras A, Mantovani G, Deidda M, Dessi M, Madeddu C, Massa E, and Mercuro G. Protective effects of the angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan on epirubicininduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and early ventricular impairment. Am Heart J 160: 487 e1-7, 2010.
27. Callahan LA, She ZW, and Nosek TM. Superoxide, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide effects on single-diaphragm fiber contractile apparatus. J Appl Physiol 90: 45-54, 2001. (Pubitemid 32038502)
28. Canton M, Neverova I, Menabo R, Van Eyk J,and Di Lisa F. Evidence of myofibrillar protein oxidation induced by postischemic reperfusion in isolated rat hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 286: H870-877, 2004. (Pubitemid 38248597)
29. Cella D, Lai JS, Chang CH, Peterman A, and Slavin M. Fatigue in cancer patients compared with fatigue in the general United States population. Cancer 94: 528-538, 2002. (Pubitemid 34081385)
30. Cereda S, Passoni P, Reni M, Vigano MG, Aldrighetti L, Nicoletti R, and Villa E. The cisplatin, epirubicin, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine (PEFG) regimen in advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma. Cancer 116: 2208-2214, 2010.
31. Chabner BA, Ryan DP, Paz-Ares L, Garcia-Carbonero R, Calabresi P, Hardman JG, Limbird LE, and Gilman AG. Goodman & Gilman's The pharmacologic basis of therapeutics New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Publishing Division; 2001; pp. 1389-1459.
32. Chaiswing L, Cole MP, St Clair DK, Ittarat W, Szweda LI, and Oberley TD. Oxidative damage precedes nitrative damage in adriamycin-induced cardiac mitochondrial injury. Toxicol Pathol 32: 536-547, 2004. (Pubitemid 39258459)
33. Chan JS, Beer TM, Quinn DI, Pinski JK, Garzotto M, Sokoloff M, Dehaze DR, and Ryan CW. A phase II study of high-dose calcitriol combined with mitoxantrone and prednisone for androgen-independent prostate cancer. BJU Int 102: 1601-1606, 2008.
34. Chanan-Khan A, Miller KC, Musial L, Padmanabhan S, Yu J, Ailawadhi S, Sher T, Mohr A, Bernstein ZP, Barcos M, Patel M, Iancu D, Lee K, and Czuczman MS. Bortezomib in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and thalidomide is an effective steroid independent salvage regimen for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: Results of a phase II clinical trial. Leuk Lymphoma 50: 1096-1101, 2009.
35. Chandran K, Aggarwal D, Migrino RQ, Joseph J, McAllister D, Konorev EA, Antholine WE, Zielonka J, Srinivasan S, Avadhani NG, and Kalyanaraman B. Doxorubicin inactivates myocardial cytochrome c oxidase in rats: Cardioprotection by Mito-Q. Biophys J 96: 1388-1398, 2009.
36. Chang VT, Thaler HT, Polyak TA, Kornblith AB, Lepore JM, and Portenoy RK. Quality of life and survival: The role of multidimensional symptom assessment. Cancer 83: 173-179, 1998. (Pubitemid 28299644)
37. Chatterjee K, Zhang J, Honbo N, and Karliner JS. Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Cardiology 115: 155-162, 2009.
38. Chen Y, Jungsuwadee P, Vore M, Butterfield DA, and St Clair DK. Collateral damage in cancer chemotherapy: Oxidative stress in nontargeted tissues. Mol Interv 7: 147-156, 2007. (Pubitemid 47026725)
39. Chiosi E, Spina A, Sorrentino A, Romano M, Sorvillo L, Senatore G, D'Auria R, Abbruzzese A, Caraglia M, Naviglio S, and Illiano G. Change in TNF-alpha receptor expression is a relevant event in doxorubicin-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell death. J Interferon Cytokine Res 27: 589-597, 2007. (Pubitemid 47122718)
40. Choong NW, Mauer AM, Hoffman PC, Rudin CM, Winegarden JD, 3rd, Villano JL, Kozloff M, Wade JL, 3rd, Sciortino DF, Szeto L, and Vokes EE. Phase II trial of temozolomide and irinotecan as second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 1: 245-251, 2006. (Pubitemid 47181442)
41. Chu E and DeNita VT. Physician's Cancer Chemotherapy Drug Manual Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, Inc.; 2008.
42. Crohns M, Liippo K, Erhola M, Kankaanranta H, Moilanen E, Alho H, and Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P. Concurrent decline of several antioxidants and markers of oxidative stress during combination chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer. Clin Biochem 42: 1236-1245, 2009.
43. Cullu E, Ozkan I, Culhaci N, and Alparslan B. A comparison of the effect of doxorubicin and phenol on the skeletal muscle. May doxorubicin be a new alternative treatment agent for spasticity? J Pediatr Orthop B 14: 134-138, 2005. (Pubitemid 40328218)
44. Cullu E, Ozkan I, Culhaci N, Alparslan B, Dikicioglu E, and Savk SO. [Doxorubicin-induced chemomyectomy effects in rat skeletal muscle]. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 37: 323-329, 2003.
45. Curtis KK, Hartney JT, Jewell RC, Park JW, Lebowitz PF, Griffin PP, Borad MJ, Fitch TR, and Northfelt DW. A phase I study to characterize the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of topotecan at 4mg/m2 administered weekly as a 30-minute intravenous infusion in patients with cancer. J Clin Pharmacol 50: 268-275, 2010.
46. Danz ED, Skramsted J, Henry N, Bennett JA, and Keller RS. Resveratrol prevents doxorubicin cardiotoxicity through mitochondrial stabilization and the Sirt1 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 46: 1589-1597, 2009.
47. Davies KJ and Doroshow JH. Redox cycling of anthracyclines by cardiac mitochondria. I. Anthracycline radical formation by NADH dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 261: 3060-3067, 1986. (Pubitemid 17204909)
48. de Beer EL, Finkle H, Voest EE, Van Heijst BGV, and Schiereck P. Doxorubicin interacts directly with skinned single skeletal muscle fibres. Eur J Pharmacol 214: 97-100, 1992.
49. de Jong N, Kester AD, Schouten HC, Abu-Saad HH, and Courtens AM. Course of fatigue between two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Cancer Nurs 29: 467-477, 2006. (Pubitemid 44900838)
50. DeAtley SM, Aksenov MY, Aksenova MV, Harris B, Hadley R, Cole HP, Carney JM, and Butterfield DA. Antioxidants protect against reactive oxygen species associated with adriamycin-treated cardiomyocytes. Cancer Lett 136: 41-46, 1999. (Pubitemid 29142300)
51. Dees EC, O'Neil BH, Lindley CM, Collichio F, Carey LA, Collins J, Riordan WJ, Ivanova A, Esseltine D, and Orlowski RZ. A phase I and pharmacologic study of the combination of bortezomib and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patients with refractory solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 63: 99-107, 2008.
52. Delemasure S, Sicard P, Lauzier B, Moreau D, Vergely C, and Rochette L. Acute administration of epirubicin induces myocardial depression in isolated rat heart and production of radical species evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 50: 647-653, 2007. (Pubitemid 350307034)
53. Delgado G, Potkul RK, Treat JA, Lewandowski GS, Barter JF, Forst D, and Rahman A. A phase I/II study of intraperitoneally administered doxorubicin entrapped in cardiolipin liposomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 160: 812-817; discussion 817-819, 1989.
54. Diaz R, Aparicio J, Molina J, Palomar L, Gimenez A, Ponce J, Segura A, and Gomez-Codina J. Clinical predictors of severe toxicity in patients treated with combination chemotherapy with irinotecan and/or oxaliplatin for metastatic colorectal cancer: A single center experience. Med Oncol 23: 347-357, 2006. (Pubitemid 44507144)
55. Diotte NM, Xiong Y, Gao J, Chua BH, and Ho YS. Attenuation of doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury by mitochondrial glutaredoxin 2. Biochim Biophys Acta 1793: 427-438, 2009.
56. Donovan KA, Jacobsen PB, Andrykowski MA, Winters EM, Balducci L, Malik U, Kenady D, and McGrath P. Course of fatigue in women receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for early stage breast cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 28: 373-380, 2004. (Pubitemid 39313166)
57. Doroshow JH and Davies KJ. Comparative cardiac oxygen radical metabolism by anthracycline antibiotics, mitoxantrone, bisantrene, 4'-(9-acridinylamino)- methanesulfonm-anisidide, and neocarzinostatin. Biochem Pharmacol 32: 2935-2939, 1983. (Pubitemid 13013730)
58. Doroshow JH and Davies KJ. Redox cycling of anthracyclines by cardiac mitochondria. II. Formation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical. J Biol Chem 261: 3068-3074, 1986. (Pubitemid 17204910)
59. Doroshow JH, Locker GY, Ifrim I, and Myers CE. Prevention of doxorubicin cardiac toxicity in the mouse by Nacetylcysteine. J Clin Invest 68: 1053-1064, 1981. (Pubitemid 11023534)
60. Doroshow JH, Tallent C, and Schechter JE. Ultrastructural features of adriamycin-induced skeletal and cardiac muscle toxicity. Am J Pathol 118: 288-297, 1985. (Pubitemid 15127685)
61. Dresdale AR, Barr LH, Bonow RO, Mathisen DJ, Myers CE, Schwartz DE, d'Angelo T, and Rosenberg SA. Prospective randomized study of the role of N-acetyl cysteine in reversing doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Am J Clin Oncol 5: 657-663, 1982. (Pubitemid 13149997)
62. Dugan E, Truax R, Meadows KL, Blobe GC, Morse MA, Fernando NH, Gockerman JP, Petros WP, and Hurwitz HI. Phase I dose escalation study of gemcitabine plus irinotecan in advanced solid tumors. Anticancer Res 29: 5149-5153, 2009.
63. Duran I, Siu LL, Chen EX, Oza AM, Sturgeon J, Chin SF, Brown S, Pond GR, and Nottage M. Phase I trial of gemcitabine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (GAP) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Anticancer Drugs 17: 81-87, 2006.
64. Eckardt JR, von Pawel J, Pujol JL, Papai Z, Quoix E, Ardizzoni A, Poulin R, Preston AJ, Dane G, and Ross G. Phase III study of oral compared with intravenous topotecan as second-line therapy in small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 25: 2086-2092, 2007. (Pubitemid 46972795)
65. el-Missiry MA, Othman AI, Amer MA, and Abd el-Aziz MA. Attenuation of the acute adriamycin-induced cardiac and hepatic oxidative toxicity by N-(2-mercaptopropionyl) glycine in rats. Free Radic Res 35: 575-581, 2001.
66. Elbl L, Vasova I, Tomaskova I, Jedlicka F, Kral Z, Navratil M, Smardova L, Wagnerova B, and Vorlicek J. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the evaluation of functional capacity after treatment of lymphomas in adults. Leuk Lymphoma 47: 843-851, 2006. (Pubitemid 43840639)
67. Enzinger PC, Kulke MH, Clark JW, Ryan DP, Kim H, Earle CC, Vincitore MM, Michelini AL, Mayer RJ, and Fuchs CS. A phase II trial of irinotecan in patients with previously untreated advanced esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 50: 2218-2223, 2005. (Pubitemid 43106371)
68. Enzinger PC, Ryan DP, Clark JW, Muzikansky A, Earle CC, Kulke MH, Meyerhardt JA, Blaszkowsky LS, Zhu AX, Fidias P, Vincitore MM, Mayer RJ, and Fuchs CS. Weekly docetaxel, cisplatin, and irinotecan (TPC): Results of a multicenter phase II trial in patients with metastatic esophagogastric cancer. Ann Oncol 20: 475-480, 2009.
69. Ertunc M, Sara Y, Korkusuz P, and Onur R. Differential contractile impairment of fast-and slow-twitch skeletal muscles in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure. Pharmacology 84: 240-248, 2009.
70. Fabbro M, Gladieff L, Guichard F, El Demery M, Dalenc F, Kerr C, Delannes M, Paraiso D, Pujade-Lauraine E, and Kurtz JE. Phase I study of irinotecan and cisplatin in combination with pelvic radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer: A GINECO trial. Gynecol Oncol 117: 276-280, 2010.
71. Fadillioglu E, Oztas E, Erdogan H, Yagmurca M, Sogut S, Ucar M, and Irmak MK. Protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. J Appl Toxicol 24: 47-52, 2004. (Pubitemid 38181541)
72. Falkenberg JH, Iaizzo PA, and McLoon LK. Physiological assessment of muscle strength in vitro after direct injection of doxorubicin into rabbit sternocleidomastoid muscle. Mov Disord 16: 683-692, 2001. (Pubitemid 36040848)
73. Falkenberg JH, Iaizzo PA, and McLoon LK. Muscle strength following direct injection of doxorubicin into rabbit sternocleidomastoid muscle in situ. Muscle Nerve 25: 735-741, 2002. (Pubitemid 34462615)
74. Fang J, Nakamura H, and Iyer AK. Tumor-targeted induction of oxystress for cancer therapy. J Drug Target 15: 475-486, 2007. (Pubitemid 47213870)
75. Fekrazad HM, Verschraegen CF, Royce M, Smith HO, Chyi Lee F, and Rabinowitz I. A phase I study of flavopiridol in combination with gemcitabine and irinotecan in patients with metastatic cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 33: 393-397, 2010.
76. Ferreira LF and Reid MB. Muscle-derived ROS and thiol regulation in muscle fatigue. J Appl Physiol 104: 853-860, 2008. (Pubitemid 351468816)
77. Findlay B, Tonkin K, Crump M, Norris B, Trudeau M, Blackstein M, Burnell M, Skillings J, Bowman D, Walde D, Levine M, Pritchard KI, Palmer MJ, Tu D, and Shepherd L. A dose escalation trial of adjuvant cyclophosphamide and epirubicin in combination with 5-fluorouracil using G-CSF support for premenopausal women with breast cancer involving four or more positive nodes. Ann Oncol 18: 1646-1651, 2007. (Pubitemid 47506251)
78. Frasci G, Comella P, Carreca I, DeCataldis G, Muci D, Brunetti C, Russo A, Palmeri S, D'Aniello R, Giordano R, D'Aiuto M, and Comella G. Weekly dose-dense cisplatinepirubicin-paclitaxel administration with granulocyte colonystimulating factor support does not substantially improve prognosis in extensive disease small-cell lung cancer. A SICOG phase II study. Oncology 68: 223-229, 2005. (Pubitemid 41158980)
79. Frasci G, D'Aiuto G, Comella P, Thomas R, Botti G, Di Bonito M, De Rosa V, Iodice G, Rubulotta MR, and Comella G. Weekly cisplatin, epirubicin, and paclitaxel with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support vs triweekly epirubicin and paclitaxel in locally advanced breast cancer: Final analysis of a sicog phase III study. Br J Cancer 95: 1005-1012, 2006. (Pubitemid 44606826)
80. Frasci G, D'Aiuto G, Thomas R, Comella P, Di Bonito M, Lapenta L, D'Aiuto M, Botti G, Vallone P, De Rosa V, D'Aniello R, Giordano R, and Comella G. Biweekly docetaxel-irinotecan treatment with filgrastim support is highly active in antracycline-paclitaxel-refractory breast cancer patients. Oncology 68: 391-397, 2005. (Pubitemid 41160969)
81. Fukuda M, Soda H, Kinoshita A, Nakamura Y, Nagashima S, Takatani H, Tsukamoto K, Kohno S, and Oka M. Irinotecan and cisplatin with concurrent split-course radiotherapy in locally advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer: A multiinstitutional phase 2 study. Cancer 110: 606-613, 2007. (Pubitemid 47106150)
82. Furuse J, Okusaka T, Funakoshi A, Yamao K, Nagase M, Ishii H, Nakachi K, Ueno H, Ikeda M, Morizane C, Horikawa Y, and Mizuno N. Early phase II study of uraciltegafur plus doxorubicin in patients with unresectable advanced biliary tract cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 36: 552-556, 2006. (Pubitemid 44593897)
83. Galvao DA, Taaffe DR, Spry N, Joseph D, Turner D, and Newton RU. Reduced muscle strength and functional performance in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen suppression: A comprehensive cross-sectional investigation. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 12: 198-203, 2009.
84. Gewirtz DA. A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin. Biochem Pharmacol 57: 727-741, 1999. (Pubitemid 29094544)
85. Gilliam LA, Ferreira LF, Bruton JD, Moylan JS, Westerblad H, St Clair DK, and Reid MB. Doxorubicin acts through tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype 1 to cause dysfunction of murine skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 107: 1935-1942, 2009.
86. Gilliam LA, Moylan JS, Ann Callahan L, Sumandea MP, and Reid MB. Doxorubicin causes diaphragm weakness in murine models of cancer chemotherapy. Muscle Nerve 43: 94-102, 2011.
87. Gilliam LA, Moylan JS, Ferreira LF, and Reid MB. TNF/TNFR1 signaling mediates doxorubicin-induced diaphragm weakness. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 300: L225-231, 2011.
88. Goel A, Grossbard ML, Malamud S, Homel P, Dietrich M, Rodriguez T, Mirzoyev T, and Kozuch P. Pooled efficacy analysis from a phase I-II study of biweekly irinotecan in combination with gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and cisplatin in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Anticancer Drugs 18: 263-271, 2007. (Pubitemid 46192978)
89. Gupta A, Srivastava S, Prasad R, Natu SM, Mittal B, Negi MP, and Srivastava AN. Oxidative stress in non-small cell lung cancer patients after chemotherapy: Association with treatment response. Respirology 15: 349-356, 2010.
90. Hahn CA, Jones EL, Blivin JL, Sanders LL, Yu D, Dewhirst MW, Secord AA, and Prosnitz LR. Prospective assessment of quality of life in ovarian cancer patients receiving whole abdomen hyperthermia and liposomal doxorubicin. Int J Hyperthermia 21: 349-357, 2005. (Pubitemid 40975184)
91. Hamza A, Amin A, and Daoud S. The protective effect of a purified extract of Withania somnifera against doxorubicininduced cardiac toxicity in rats. Cell Biol Toxicol 24: 63-73, 2008.
92. Harada Y, Kato S, Komiya H, Shirota T, Mukai K, and Hayashi T. Primary omental gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma involving the central nervous system. Leuk Lymphoma 45: 1947-1950, 2004. (Pubitemid 38997167)
93. Hardin BJ, Campbell KS, Smith JD, Arbogast S, Smith J, Moylan JS, and Reid MB. TNF-alpha acts via TNFR1 and muscle-derived oxidants to depress myofibrillar force in murine skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 104: 694-699, 2008. (Pubitemid 351468797)
94. Hayes S, Battistutta D, and Newman B. Objective and subjective upper body function six months following diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 94: 1-10, 2005. (Pubitemid 41416936)
95. Herman EH, Ferrans VJ, Myers CE, and Van Vleet JF. Comparison of the effectiveness of ( +/-)-1,2-bis(3,5-dioxopiperazinyl-1-yl)propane (ICRF-187) and N-acetylcysteine in preventing chronic doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in beagles. Cancer Res 45: 276-281, 1985. (Pubitemid 15196968)
96. Hilder TL, Carlson GM, Haystead TA, Krebs EG, and Graves LM. Caspase-3 dependent cleavage and activation of skeletal muscle phosphorylase b kinase. Mol Cell Biochem 275: 233-242, 2005. (Pubitemid 41030999)
97. Hockenberry MJ, Hooke MC, Gregurich M, and McCarthy K. Carnitine plasma levels and fatigue in children/adolescents receiving cisplatin, ifosfamide, or doxorubicin. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 31: 664-669, 2009.
98. Hofheinz RD, Gnad-Vogt U, Wein A, Saussele S, Kreil S, Pilz L, Hehlmann R, and Hochhaus A. Irinotecan and capecitabine as second-line treatment after failure for first-line infusional 24-h 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid in advanced colorectal cancer: A phase II study. Anticancer Drugs 16: 39-45, 2005.
99. Honda M, Miura A, Izumi Y, Kato T, Ryotokuji T, Monma K, Fujiwara J, Egashira H, and Nemoto T. Doxorubicin, cisplatin, and fluorouracil combination therapy for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 23: 641-645, 2010.
100. Hong YS, Lee HR, Park S, Lee SC, Hwang IG, Park BB, Lee J, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Lim HY, and Park K. Three-week schedule of irinotecan plus cisplatin in patients with previously untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 95: 1648-1652, 2006. (Pubitemid 44963441)
101. Horenstein MS, Vander Heide RS, and L'Ecuyer TJ. Molecular basis of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and its prevention. Mol Genet Metab 71: 436-444, 2000.
102. Hurley J, Reis I, Silva O, Gomez C, DeZarraga F, Velez P, Welsh C, Powell J, and Doliny P. Weekly docetaxel/carboplatin as primary systemic therapy for HER2-negative locally advanced breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 5: 447-454, 2005.
103. Il'yasova D, Mixon G, Wang F, Marcom PK, Marks J, Spasojevich I, Craft N, Arredondo F, and DiGiulio R. Markers of oxidative status in a clinical model of oxidative assault: A pilot study in human blood following doxorubicin administration. Biomarkers 14: 321-325, 2009.
104. Iqbal M, Dubey K, Anwer T, Ashish A, and Pillai KK. Protective effects of telmisartan against acute doxorubicininduced cardiotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Rep 60: 382-390, 2008.
105. Jackson MJ, Pye D, and Palomero J. The production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 102: 1664-1670, 2007. (Pubitemid 46571066)
106. Jacobsen PB, Hann DM, Azzarello LM, Horton J, Balducci L, and Lyman GH. Fatigue in women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: Characteristics, course, and correlates. J Pain Symptom Manage 18: 233-242, 1999. (Pubitemid 29469701)
107. Jansen CE, Cooper BA, Dodd MJ, and Miaskowski CA. A prospective longitudinal study of chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes in breast cancer patients. Support Care Cancer, 2010.
108. Jhamb R, Gupta N, Garg S, Kumar S, Gulati S, Mishra D, and Beniwal P. Diffuse lymphomatous infiltration of kidney presenting as renal tubular acidosis and hypokalemic paralysis: case report. Croat Med J 48: 860-863, 2007. (Pubitemid 351396396)
109. Jimeno A, Rudek MA, Purcell T, Laheru DA, Messersmith WA, Dancey J, Carducci MA, Baker SD, Hidalgo M, and Donehower RC. Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of UCN-01 in combination with irinotecan in patients with solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 61: 423-433, 2008. (Pubitemid 350275977)
110. Jones DP. Redefining oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 8: 1865-1879, 2006. (Pubitemid 44726359)
111. Joshi G, Hardas S, Sultana R, St Clair DK, Vore M, and Butterfield DA. Glutathione elevation by gamma-glutamyl cysteine ethyl ester as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing oxidative stress in brain mediated by in vivo administration of adriamycin: Implication for chemobrain. J Neurosci Res 85: 497-503, 2007.
112. Kadia TM, Yang H, Ferrajoli A, Maddipotti S, Schroeder C, Madden TL, Holleran JL, Egorin MJ, Ravandi F, Thomas DA, Newsome W, Sanchez-Gonzalez B, Zwiebel JA, Espinoza-Delgado I, Kantarjian HM, and Garcia-Manero G. A phase I study of vorinostat in combination with idarubicin in relapsed or refractory leukaemia. Br J Haematol 150: 72-82, 2010.
113. Kanski J, Behring A, Pelling J, and Schoneich C. Proteomic identification of 3-nitrotyrosine-containing rat cardiac proteins: Effects of biological aging. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288: H371-381, 2005. (Pubitemid 40023869)
114. Kato T, Mishima H, Ikenaga M, Murata K, Ishida H, Fukunaga M, Ota H, Tominaga S, Ohnishi T, Amano M, Ikeda K, Ikeda M, Sekimoto M, Sakamoto J, and Monden M. A phase II study of irinotecan in combination with doxifluridine, an intermediate form of capecitabine, in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 61: 275-281, 2008. (Pubitemid 350160325)
115. Kebieche M, Lakroun Z, Lahouel M, Bouayed J, Meraihi Z, and Soulimani R. Evaluation of epirubicin-induced acute oxidative stress toxicity in rat liver cells and mitochondria, and the prevention of toxicity through quercetin administration. Exp Toxicol Pathol 61: 161-167, 2009.
116. Kelly MK, Wicker RJ, Barstow TJ, and Harms CA. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on respiratory muscle fatigue during heavy exercise. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 165: 67-72, 2009.
117. Khawli FA and Reid MB. N-acetylcysteine depresses contractile function and inhibits fatigue of diaphragm in vitro. J Appl Physiol 77: 317-324, 1994. (Pubitemid 24226152)
118. Knobel H, Havard Loge J, Brit Lund M, Forfang K, Nome O, and Kaasa S. Late medical complications and fatigue in Hodgkin's disease survivors. J Clin Oncol 19: 3226-3233, 2001. (Pubitemid 32591440)
119. Kuo HH, Chiu MJ, Liao WC, and Hwang SL. Quality of sleep and related factors during chemotherapy in patients with stage I/II breast cancer. J Formos Med Assoc 105: 64-69, 2006.
120. Lamb GD and Posterino GS. Effects of oxidation and reduction on contractile function in skeletal muscle fibres of the rat. J Physiol 546: 149-163, 2003.
121. Lambeth JD. NOX enzymes and the biology of reactive oxygen. Nat Rev Immunol 4: 181-189, 2004. (Pubitemid 38339084)
122. Lefrak EA, Pitha J, Rosenheim S, and Gottlieb JA. A clinicopathologic analysis of adriamycin cardiotoxicity. Cancer 32: 302-314, 1973.
123. Li T, Danelisen I, and Singal PK. Early changes in myocardial antioxidant enzymes in rats treated with adriamycin. Mol Cell Biochem 232: 19-26, 2002. (Pubitemid 34413877)
124. Lin CM, Chen CH, Chang JW, and Tsao TC. Phase II study of epirubicin in combination with weekly docetaxel for patients with advanced NSCLC who have failed or relapsed after the frontline platinum-based chemotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol 32: 169-173, 2009.
125. Lipton A, Campbell-Baird C, Witters L, Harvey H, and Ali S. Phase II trial of gemcitabine, irinotecan, and celecoxib in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. J Clin Gastroenterol 44: 286-288, 2010.
126. Liu J, Tu D, Dancey J, Reyno L, Pritchard KI, Pater J, and Seymour LK. Quality of life analyses in a clinical trial of DPPE (tesmilifene) plus doxorubicin versus doxorubicin in patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer: NCIC CTG Trial MA.19. Breast Cancer Res Treat 100: 263-271, 2006. (Pubitemid 44707920)
127. Liu L, Zhang XJ, Qian B, Min XY, and Cheng YL. [Heat shock protein 27 attenuated doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage by reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondria damage and protein carbonylation]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 36: 1021-1026, 2008.
128. LoConte NK, Thomas JP, Alberti D, Heideman J, Binger K, Marnocha R, Utecht K, Geiger P, Eickhoff J, Wilding G, and Kolesar J. A phase I pharmacodynamic trial of bortezomib in combination with doxorubicin in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 63: 109-115, 2008.
129. Loesch D, Greco FA, Senzer NN, Burris HA, Hainsworth JD, Jones S, Vukelja SJ, Sandbach J, Holmes F, Sedlacek S, Pippen J, Lindquist D, McIntyre K, Blum JL, Modiano MR, Boehm KA, Zhan F, Asmar L, and Robert N. Phase III multicenter trial of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel compared with doxorubicin plus paclitaxel followed by weekly paclitaxel as adjuvant therapy for women with high-risk breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 28: 2958-2965, 2010.
130. Luctkar-Flude M, Groll D, Woodend K, and Tranmer J. Fatigue and physical activity in older patients with cancer: A six-month follow-up study. Oncol Nurs Forum 36: 194-202, 2009.
131. Mahadevan D, Dreisbach L, Kristedja T, Williams D, Obregon Y, Kurtin S, and Von Hoff DD. Phase I study of fixed dose gemcitabine plus epirubicin in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Am J Clin Oncol 32: 607-611, 2009.
132. Mantovani G, Madeddu C, Cadeddu C, Dessi M, Piras A, Massa E, Serpe R, Antoni G, and Mercuro G. Persistence, up to 18 months of follow-up, of epirubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction detected early by serial tissue Doppler echocardiography: Correlation with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oncologist 13: 1296-1305, 2008.
133. Mariappan N, Soorappan RN, Haque M, Sriramula S, and Francis J. TNFα-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and cardiac dysfunction: Restoration by superoxide dismutase mimetic Tempol. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293: H2726-H2737, 2007. (Pubitemid 350106496)
134. Matuszczak Y, Farid M, Jones J, Lansdowne S, Smith MA, Taylor AA, and Reid MB. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on glutathione oxidation and fatigue during handgrip exercise. Muscle Nerve 32: 633-638, 2005. (Pubitemid 41504850)
135. McKenna MJ, Medved I, Goodman CA, Brown MJ, Bjorksten AR, Murphy KT, Petersen AC, Sostaric S, and Gong X. N-acetylcysteine attenuates the decline in muscle Na + K+-pump activity and delays fatigue during prolonged exercise in humans. J Physiol 576: 279-288, 2006. (Pubitemid 44426236)
136. McLoon LK, Bauer G, and Wirtschafter J. Quantification of muscle loss in the doxorubicin-treated orbicularis oculi of the monkey. Effect of local injection of doxorubicin into the eyelid. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 32: 1667-1673, 1991.
137. McLoon LK, Ekern M, and Wirtschafter J. Verapamil substantially increases the chemomyectomy effect of doxorubicin injected into rabbit or monkey eyelid. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33: 3228-3234, 1992.
138. McLoon LK, Falkenberg JH, Dykstra D, and Iaizzo PA. Doxorubicin chemomyectomy as a treatment for cervical dystonia: Histological assessment after direct injection into the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Muscle Nerve 21: 1457-1464, 1998. (Pubitemid 28453134)
139. McLoon LK, Kirsch JD, Cameron S, and Wirtschafter JD. Injection of doxorubicin into rabbit eyelid does not result in loss of facial motor neurons. Brain Res 641: 105-110, 1994. (Pubitemid 24087487)
140. McLoon LK, Luo XX, and Wirtschafter J. Acute morphologic changes in orbicularis oculi muscle after doxorubicin injection into the eyelid. Muscle Nerve 16: 737-743, 1993. (Pubitemid 23176090)
141. McLoon LK, Ozel B, and Wirtschafter J. Cyclosporin protects the eyelid skin from injury after injection of doxorubicin. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36: 1433-1440, 1995.
142. McLoon LK and Wirtschafter J. Doxorubicin chemomyectomy: Injection of monkey orbicularis oculi results in selective muscle injury. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 29: 1854-1859, 1988. (Pubitemid 19015073)
143. McLoon LK and Wirtschafter JD. Doxorubicin chemomyectomy in orbicularis oculi: Increasing drug infiltration at the injection site. Curr Eye Res 15: 883-889, 1996. (Pubitemid 26305804)
144. McLoon LK and Wirtschafter JD. Doxil-induced chemomyectomy: Effectiveness for permanent removal of orbicularis oculi muscle in monkey eyelid. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42: 1254-1257, 2001. (Pubitemid 32381966)
145. McLoon LK, Wirtschafter JD, and Cameron JD. Muscle loss from doxorubicin injections into the eyelids of a patient with blepharospasm. Am J Ophthalmol 116: 646-648, 1993. (Pubitemid 23337057)
146. Medved I, Brown MJ, Bjorksten AR, Murphy KT, Petersen AC, Sostaric S, Gong X, and McKenna MJ. N-acetylcysteine enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue during prolonged exercise in endurancetrained individuals. J Appl Physiol 97: 1477-1485, 2004. (Pubitemid 39299368)
147. Meeske K, Smith AW, Alfano CM, McGregor BA, McTiernan A, Baumgartner KB, Malone KE, Reeve BB, Ballard-Barbash R, and Bernstein L. Fatigue in breast cancer survivors two to five years post diagnosis: A HEAL Study report. Qual Life Res 16: 947-960, 2007. (Pubitemid 47174897)
148. Mercuro G, Cadeddu C, Piras A, Dessi M, Madeddu C, Deidda M, Serpe R, Massa E, and Mantovani G. Early epirubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction revealed by serial tissue Doppler echocardiography: Correlation with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oncologist 12: 1124-1133, 2007. (Pubitemid 350007024)
149. Merski J, Daskal Y, and Busch H. Comparison of adriamycin-induced nucleolar segregation in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and liver cells. Cancer Treat Rep 62: 771-778, 1978. (Pubitemid 8371331)
150. Miller AA, Case D, Atkins JN, Giguere JK, and Bearden JD. Phase II study of carboplatin, irinotecan, and thalidomide in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 1: 832-836, 2006. (Pubitemid 47181389)
151. Miller AA, Wang XF, Bogart JA, Hodgson LD, Rocha Lima CM, Radford JE, Vokes EE, and Green MR. Phase II trial of paclitaxel-topotecan-etoposide followed by consolidation chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small cell lung cancer: CALGB 30002. J Thorac Oncol 2: 645-651, 2007. (Pubitemid 47171787)
152. Mingyan E, Hongli L, Shufeng L, and Bo Y. Effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on antioxidant enzymes in cardiomyopathy induced by adriamycin in rats. Cardiology 111: 119-125, 2008.
153. Minotti G, Menna P, Salvatorelli E, Cairo G, and Gianni L. Anthracyclines: Molecular advances and pharmacologic developments in antitumor activity and cardiotoxicity. Pharmacol Rev 56: 185-229, 2004. (Pubitemid 38720829)
154. Mita MM, Ochoa L, Rowinsky EK, Kuhn J, Schwartz G, Hammond LA, Patnaik A, Yeh IT, Izbicka E, Berg K, and Tolcher AW. A phase I, pharmacokinetic and biologic correlative study of oblimersen sodium (Genasense, G3139) and irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 17: 313-321, 2006. (Pubitemid 43160123)
155. Mock V, Atkinson A, Barsevick A, Cella D, Cimprich B, Cleeland C, Donnelly J, Eisenberger MA, Escalante C, Hinds P, Jacobsen PB, Kaldor P, Knight SJ, Peterman A, Piper BF, Rugo H, Sabbatini P, and Stahl C. NCCN Practice Guidelines for Cancer-Related Fatigue. Oncology (Williston Park) 14: 151-161, 2000.
156. Mohamed HE, Asker ME, Ali SI, and el-Fattah TM. Protection against doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in rats: Role of phosphodiesterase inhibitors type 4. J Pharm Pharmacol 56: 757-768, 2004. (Pubitemid 38801692)
157. Molina JR, Jett JR, Foster N, Lair BS, Carroll TJ, Tazelaar HD, Hillman S, Mailliard JA, Bernath AM, Jr., and Nikcevich D. Phase II NCCTG trial of oral topotecan and paclitaxel with G-CSF (filgrastim) support in patients with previously untreated extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 29: 246-251, 2006. (Pubitemid 44270932)
158. Molina JR, Kaufmann SH, Reid JM, Rubin SD, Galvez-Peralta M, Friedman R, Flatten KS, Koch KM, Gilmer TM, Mullin RJ, Jewell RC, Felten SJ, Mandrekar S, Adjei AA, and Erlichman C. Evaluation of lapatinib and topotecan combination therapy: Tissue culture, murine xenograft, and phase I clinical trial data. Clin Cancer Res 14: 7900-7908, 2008.
159. Molina JR, Nikcevich D, Hillman S, Geyer S, Drevyanko T, Jett J, Verdirame J, Tazelaar H, Rowland K, Wos E, Kutteh L, Nair S, Fitch T, Flynn P, Stella P, and Adjei AA. A Phase II NCCTG study of irinotecan and docetaxel in previously treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Invest 24: 382-389, 2006. (Pubitemid 43932682)
160. Monsuez JJ, Charniot JC, Vignat N, and Artigou JY. Cardiac side-effects of cancer chemotherapy. Int J Cardiol, 2010.
161. Montazeri A. Quality of life data as prognostic indicators of survival in cancer patients: An overview of the literature from 1982 to 2008. Health Qual Life Outcomes 7: 102, 2009.
162. Moopanar TR and Allen DG. Reactive oxygen species reduce myofibrillar Ca2 + sensitivity in fatiguing mouse skeletal muscle at 37 degrees C. J Physiol 564: 189-199, 2005. (Pubitemid 40542197)
163. Moopanar TR and Allen DG. The activity-induced reduction of myofibrillar Ca2 + sensitivity in mouse skeletal muscle is reversed by dithiothreitol. J Physiol 571: 191-200, 2006.
164. Morris R, Alvarez RD, Andrews S, Malone J, Bryant C, Heilbrun LK, Smith D, Schimp V, and Munkarah A. Topotecan weekly bolus chemotherapy for relapsed platinum-sensitive ovarian and peritoneal cancers. Gynecol Oncol 109: 346-352, 2008.
165. Morsi MI, Hussein AE, Mostafa M, El-Abd E, and El-Moneim NA. Evaluation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, soluble P-selectin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glutathione S-transferase-pi and alpha-fetoprotein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and during chemotherapy. Br J Biomed Sci 63: 74-78, 2006. (Pubitemid 44105855)
166. Movsas B, Langer CJ, Ross HJ, Wang L, Jotte RM, Feigenberg S, Xu F, Huang CH, Monberg MJ, and Obasaju CK. Randomized phase II trial of cisplatin, etoposide, and radiation followed by gemcitabine alone or by combined gemcitabine and docetaxel in stage III A/B unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 5: 673-679, 2010.
167. Mukherjee S, Banerjee SK, Maulik M, Dinda AK, Talwar KK, and Maulik SK. Protection against acute adriamycininduced cardiotoxicity by garlic: Role of endogenous antioxidants and inhibition of TNF-alpha expression. BMC Pharmacol 3: 16, 2003.
168. Munster PN, Marchion D, Thomas S, Egorin M, Minton S, Springett G, Lee JH, Simon G, Chiappori A, Sullivan D, and Daud A. Phase I trial of vorinostat and doxorubicin in solid tumours: Histone deacetylase 2 expression as a predictive marker. Br J Cancer 101: 1044-1050, 2009.
169. Murad AM, Skare NG, Vinholes J, Lago S, and Pecego R. Phase II multicenter trial of docetaxel, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil (DEF) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer: A novel, safe, and active regimen. Gastric Cancer 9: 99-105, 2006. (Pubitemid 43890703)
170. Myers C, Bonow R, Palmeri S, Jenkins J, Corden B, Locker G, Doroshow J, and Epstein S. A randomized controlled trial assessing the prevention of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy by N-acetylcysteine. Semin Oncol 10: 53-55, 1983. (Pubitemid 13092606)
171. Nashawati E, DiMarco A, and Supinski G. Effects produced by infusion of a free radical-generating solution into the diaphragm. Am Rev Respir Dis. 147: 60-65, 1993. 173a. National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events. 2010. (Pubitemid 23025916)
172. Neidhart JA, Gochnour D, Roach R, Hoth D, and Young D. A comparison of mitoxantrone and doxorubicin in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 4: 672-677, 1986. (Pubitemid 16114713)
173. Neidhart JA, Gochnour D, Roach RW, Young D, and Steinberg JA. A comparative trial of mitoxantrone and doxorubicin in patients with minimally pretreated breast cancer. Semin Oncol 11: 11-14, 1984. (Pubitemid 15221425)
174. Neri B, Cipriani G, Fulignati C, Turrini M, Ponchietti R, Bartoletti R, Della Melina A, Di Cello V, Dominici A, Maleci D, Raugei A, Villari D, and Nicita G. Weekly paclitaxel and epirubicin in the treatment of symptomatic hormonerefractory advanced prostate carcinoma: Report of a phase II trial. Anticancer Drugs 16: 63-66, 2005.
175. Neri B, Cipriani G, Grifoni R, Molinara E, Pantaleo P, Rangan S, Vannini A, Tonelli P, Valeri A, Pantalone D, Taddei A, and Bechi P. Gemcitabine plus irinotecan as firstline weekly therapy in locally advanced and/or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Oncol Res 17: 559-564, 2009. 177a.
176. NHLBI Workshop summary. Respiratory muscle fatigue. Report of the Respiratory Muscle Fatigue Workshop Group. Am Rev Respir Dis. 142: 474-480, 1990.
177. Orlowski RZ, Nagler A, Sonneveld P, Blade J, Hajek R, Spencer A, San Miguel J, Robak T, Dmoszynska A, Horvath N, Spicka I, Sutherland HJ, Suvorov AN, Zhuang SH, Parekh T, Xiu L, Yuan Z, Rackoff W, and Harousseau JL. Randomized phase III study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plus bortezomib compared with bortezomib alone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: Combination therapy improves time to progression. J Clin Oncol 25: 3892-3901, 2007. (Pubitemid 47477266)
178. Oshita F, Saito H, Murakami S, Kondo T, and Yamada K. Phase II study of paclitaxel and irinotecan with intercalated gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 33: 66-69, 2010.
179. Park SH, Cho EK, Kim Y, Kyung SY, An CH, Lee SP, Park JW, Jeong SH, Lee JI, Choi SJ, Park J, Shin DB, and Lee JH. Salvage treatment with topotecan in patients with irinotecan-refractory small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 62: 1009-1014, 2008.
180. Pater JL and Loeb M. Nonanatomic prognostic factors in carcinoma of the lung: A multivariate analysis. Cancer 50: 326-331, 1982. (Pubitemid 12089395)
181. Patrick DL, Ferketich SL, Frame PS, Harris JJ, Hendricks CB, Levin B, Link MP, Lustig C, McLaughlin J, Reid LD, Turrisi AT, III, Unutzer J, and Vernon SW. National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference Statement: Symptom management in cancer: Pain, depression, and fatigue, July 15-17, 2002. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 9-16, 2004.
182. Pectasides D, Pectasides E, Papaxoinis G, Psyrri A, Pliarchopoulou K, Koumarianou A, Macheras A, Athanasas G, Xiros N, and Economopoulos T. Carboplatin/gemcitabine alternating with carboplatin/pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and carboplatin/cyclophosphamide in platinum-refractory/resistant paclitaxel-pretreated ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 118: 52-57, 2010.
183. Pectasides D, Samantas E, Fountzilas G, Briasoulis E, Kosmidis P, Skarlos D, Dimopoulos MA, Kalofonos HP, Economopoulos T, and Syrigos K. Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, etoposide and irinotecan in patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer: A phase II study of the Hellenic Co-operative Oncology Group. Lung Cancer 58: 355-361, 2007. (Pubitemid 350051506)
184. Pectasides D, Xiros N, Papaxoinis G, Aravantinos G, Sykiotis C, Pectasides E, Psyrri A, Koumarianou A, Gaglia A, Gouveris P, and Economopoulos T. Gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin alternating with cisplatin plus cyclophosphamide in platinum refractory/resistant, paclitaxel-pretreated, ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 108: 47-52, 2008.
185. Penson RT, Seiden MV, Matulonis UA, Appleman LJ, Fuller AF, Goodman A, Campos SM, Clark JW, Roche M, and Eder JP. A phase I clinical trial of continual alternating etoposide and topotecan in refractory solid tumours. Br J Cancer 93: 54-59, 2005. (Pubitemid 41076253)
186. Pfeiffer T, Krause U, Thome U, Rajewski A, Skorzek M, and Scheulen ME. Tissue toxicity of doxorubicin in first and second hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion. An experimental study in dogs. Eur J Surg Oncol 23: 439-444, 1997. (Pubitemid 27491610)
187. Piscitelli SC, Rodvold KA, Rushing DA, and Tewksbury DA. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of doxorubicin in patients with small cell lung cancer. Clin Pharmacol Ther 53: 555-561, 1993. (Pubitemid 23161203)
188. Plant DR, Gregorevic P, Williams DA, and Lynch GS. Redox modulation of maximum force production of fast-and slow-twitch skeletal muscles of rats and mice. J Appl Physiol 90: 832-838, 2001. (Pubitemid 32171365)
189. Posterino GS and Lamb GD. Effects of reducing agents and oxidants on excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle fibres of rat and toad. J Physiol 496: 809-325, 1996.
190. Powers SK and Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: Cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev 88: 1243-1276, 2008.
191. Prochniewicz E, Lowe DA, Spakowicz DJ, Higgins L, O'Conor K, Thompson LV, Ferrington DA, and Thomas DD. Functional, structural, and chemical changes in myosin associated with hydrogen peroxide treatment of skeletal muscle fibers. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 294: C613-626, 2008. (Pubitemid 351264413)
192. Prue G, Allen J, Gracey J, Rankin J, and Cramp F. Fatigue in gynecological cancer patients during and after anticancer treatment. J Pain Symptom Manage 39: 197-210, 2010.
193. Puduvalli VK, Giglio P, Groves MD, Hess KR, Gilbert MR, Mahankali S, Jackson EF, Levin VA, Conrad CA, Hsu SH, Colman H, de Groot JF, Ritterhouse MG, Ictech SE, and Yung WK. Phase II trial of irinotecan and thalidomide in adults with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Neuro Oncol 10: 216-222, 2008.
194. Puri A, Maulik SK, Ray R, and Bhatnagar V. Electrocardiographic and biochemical evidence for the cardioprotective effect of vitamin E in doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats. Eur J Pediatr Surg 15: 387-391, 2005. (Pubitemid 43067203)
195. Ramalingam SS, Foster J, Gooding W, Evans T, Sulecki M, and Belani CP. Phase 2 study of irinotecan and paclitaxel in patients with recurrent or refractory small cell lung cancer. Cancer 116: 1344-1349, 2010.
196. Reid MB, Haack KE, Franchek KM, Valberg PA, Kobzik L, and West MS. Reactive oxygen in skeletal muscle. I. Intracellular oxidant kinetics and fatigue in vitro. J Appl Physiol 73: 1797-1804, 1992.
197. Reid MB, Lannergren J, and Westerblad H. Respiratory and limb muscle weakness induced by tumor necrosis factoralpha: Involvement of muscle myofilaments. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166: 479-484, 2002.
198. Reid MB, Stokic DS, Koch SM, Khawli FA, and Leis AA. Nacetylcysteine inhibits muscle fatigue in humans. J Clin Invest 94: 2468-2474, 1994. (Pubitemid 24379623)
199. Reni M, Cereda S, Bonetto E, Vigano MG, Passoni P, Zerbi A, Balzano G, Nicoletti R, Staudacher C, and Di Carlo V. Dose-intense PEFG (cisplatin, epirubicin, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine) in advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 59: 361-367, 2007. (Pubitemid 46025523)
200. Rietjens SJ, Beelen M, Koopman R, LJ VANL, Bast A, and Haenen GR. A single session of resistance exercise induces oxidative damage in untrained men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39: 2145-2151, 2007. (Pubitemid 350211506)
201. Ringdal GI, Gotestam KG, Kaasa S, Kvinnsland S, and Ringdal K. Prognostic factors and survival in a heterogeneous sample of cancer patients. Br J Cancer 73: 1594-1599, 1996. (Pubitemid 26235390)
202. Rom J, von Minckwitz G, Eiermann W, Sievert M, Schlehe B, Marme F, Schuetz F, Scharf A, Eichbaum M, Sinn HP, Kaufmann M, Sohn C, and Schneeweiss A. Oblimersen combined with docetaxel, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide as neo-adjuvant systemic treatment in primary breast cancer: Final results of a multicentric phase I study. Ann Oncol 19: 1698-1705, 2008.
203. Ruan J, Martin P, Coleman M, Furman RR, Cheung K, Faye A, Elstrom R, Lachs M, Hajjar KA, and Leonard JP. Durable responses with the metronomic rituximab and thalidomide plus prednisone, etoposide, procarbazine, and cyclophosphamide regimen in elderly patients with recurrent mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer 116: 2655-2664, 2010.
204. Ryan DP, O'Neil BH, Supko JG, Rocha Lima CM, Dees EC, Appleman LJ, Clark J, Fidias P, Orlowski RZ, Kashala O, Eder JP, and Cusack JC, Jr. A Phase I study of bortezomib plus irinotecan in patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer 107: 2688-2697, 2006. (Pubitemid 44845625)
205. Safra T, Menczer J, Bernstein R, Shpigel S, Inbar MJ, Grisaru D, Golan A, and Levy T. Efficacy and toxicity of weekly topotecan in recurrent epithelial ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer. Gynecol Oncol 105: 205-210, 2007. (Pubitemid 46441462)
206. Sarid D, Ron IG, Sperber F, Stadler Y, Kahan P, Kovner F, Ben-Yosef R, Marmor S, Grinberg Y, Maimon N, Weinstein J, and Yaal-Hahoshen N. Neoadjuvant treatment with paclitaxel and epirubicin in invasive breast cancer: A phase II study. Clin Drug Investig 26: 691-701, 2006. (Pubitemid 44901698)
207. Sarvazyan N. Visualization of doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress in isolated cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol 271: H2079-2085, 1996.
208. Sawyer DB, Peng X, Chen B, Pentassuglia L, and Lim CC. Mechanisms of anthracycline cardiac injury: Can we identify strategies for cardioprotection? Prog Cardiovasc Dis 53: 105-113, 2010.
209. Sayar H, Shen Z, Lee SJ, Royce M, Rabinowitz I, Lee F, Smith H, Eberhardt S, Maestas A, Lu H, and Verschraegen C. Phase I study of capecitabine in combination with cisplatin and irinotecan in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Invest New Drugs 27: 153-158, 2009.
210. Schelman WR, Morgan-Meadows S, Marnocha R, Lee F, Eickhoff J, Huang W, Pomplun M, Jiang Z, Alberti D, Kolesar JM, Ivy P, Wilding G, and Traynor AM. A phase I study of Triapine in combination with doxorubicin in patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 63: 1147-1156, 2009.
211. Schneeweiss A, Schuetz F, Rudlowski C, Hahn M, Lauschner I, Sinn HP, von Fournier D, and Sohn C. Dosedense primary systemic chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus epirubicin sequentially followed by docetaxel for early breast cancer: Final results of a phase I/II trial. Anticancer Drugs 16: 1023-1028, 2005. (Pubitemid 41416094)
212. Schwartz AL, Winters-Stone K, and Gallucci B. Exercise effects on bone mineral density in women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 34: 627-633, 2007.
213. Sessa C, Perotti A, Noberasco C, De Braud F, Gallerani E, Cresta S, Zucchetti M, Vigano L, Locatelli A, Jimeno J, Feilchenfeldt JW, D'Incalci M, Capri G, Ielmini N, and Gianni L. Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of trabectedin and doxorubicin in advanced soft tissue sarcoma and breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 45: 1153-1161, 2009.
214. Shah C, Ready N, Perry M, Kirshner J, Gajra A, Neuman N, and Garziano S. A multi-center phase II study of weekly topotecan as second-line therapy for small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 57: 84-88, 2007. (Pubitemid 46843346)
215. Shah MA, Kortmansky J, Motwani M, Drobnjak M, Gonen M, Yi S, Weyerbacher A, Cordon-Cardo C, Lefkowitz R, Brenner B, O'Reilly E, Saltz L, Tong W, Kelsen DP, and Schwartz GK. A phase I clinical trial of the sequential combination of irinotecan followed by flavopiridol. Clin Cancer Res 11: 3836-3845, 2005. (Pubitemid 40685604)
216. Shuai Y, Guo JB, Peng SQ, Zhang LS, Guo J, Han G, and Dong YS. Metallothionein protects against doxorubicininduced cardiomyopathy through inhibition of superoxide generation and related nitrosative impairment. Toxicol Lett 170: 66-74, 2007. (Pubitemid 46509751)
217. Smith MA and Reid MB. Redox modulation of contractile function in respiratory and limb skeletal muscle. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 151: 229-241, 2006.
218. Sobrero A, Ackland S, Clarke S, Perez-Carrion R, Chiara S, Gapski J, Mainwaring P, Langer B, and Young S. Phase IV study of bevacizumab in combination with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) in firstline metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncology 77: 113-119, 2009.
219. Society AC. Cancer Facts & Figures 2010. In: Atlanta: American Cancer Society. 2010.
220. Socinski MA, Smit EF, Lorigan P, Konduri K, Reck M, Szczesna A, Blakely J, Serwatowski P, Karaseva NA, Ciuleanu T, Jassem J, Dediu M, Hong S, Visseren-Grul C, Hanauske AR, Obasaju CK, Guba SC, and Thatcher N. Phase III study of pemetrexed plus carboplatin compared with etoposide plus carboplatin in chemotherapy-naive patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 27: 4787-4792, 2009.
221. Sohn JH, Moon YW, Lee CG, Kim GE, Chung KY, Chang J, Kim SK, Kim YS, Choi BW, Choi HJ, and Kim JH. Phase II trial of irinotecan and cisplatin with early concurrent radiotherapy in limited-disease small-cell lung cancer. Cancer 109: 1845-1950, 2007.
222. Spallarossa P, Altieri P, Garibaldi S, Ghigliotti G, Barisione C, Manca V, Fabbi P, Ballestrero A, Brunelli C, and Barsotti A. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and-9 are induced differently by doxorubicin in H9c2 cells: The role of MAP kinases and NAD(P)H oxidase. Cardiovasc Res 69: 736-745, 2006. (Pubitemid 43139736)
223. Spallarossa P, Garibaldi S, Altieri P, Fabbi P, Manca V, Nasti S, Rossettin P, Ghigliotti G, Ballestrero A, Patrone F, Barsotti A, and Brunelli C. Carvedilol prevents doxorubicin-induced free radical release and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes in vitro. J Mol Cell Cardiol 37: 837-846, 2004. (Pubitemid 39222076)
224. Spigel DR, Greco FA, Zubkus JD, Murphy PB, Saez RA, Farley C, Yardley DA, Burris HA, 3rd, and Hainsworth JD. Phase II trial of irinotecan, carboplatin, and bevacizumab in the treatment of patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 4: 1555-1560, 2009.
225. Spigel DR, Hainsworth JD, Gandhi JG, Gian VG, Peyton JD, West-Osterfield K, Clark BL, Vazquez ER, Jones SF, Burris HA, and Greco FA. A phase II trial of carboplatin and weekly topotecan in the first-line treatment of patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 5: 862-866, 2010.
226. Spigel DR, Hainsworth JD, Simons L, Meng C, Burris HA, 3rd, Yardley DA, Grapski R, Schreeder M, Mallidi PV, and Greco FA. Irinotecan, carboplatin, and imatinib in untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: A phase II trial of the Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network. J Thorac Oncol 2: 854-861, 2007. (Pubitemid 47361028)
227. Sprangers MA, Cull A, Bjordal K, Groenvold M, and Aaronson NK. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Approach to quality of life assessment: Guidelines for developing questionnaire modules. EORTC Study Group on Quality of Life. Qual Life Res 2: 287-295, 1993.
228. Stathopoulos GP, Tsavdaridis D, Malamos NA, Rigatos SK, Kosmas C, Pergantas N, Stathopoulos JG, and Xynotroulas J. Irinotecan combined with docetaxel in pre-treated metastatic breast cancer patients: A phase II study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 56: 487-491, 2005. (Pubitemid 41549150)
229. Stone P, Hardy J, Broadley K, Tookman AJ, Kurowska A, and A'Hern R. Fatigue in advanced cancer: A prospective controlled cross-sectional study. Br J Cancer 79: 1479-1486, 1999. (Pubitemid 29116808)
230. Stone P, Richards M, A'Hern R, and Hardy J. A study to investigate the prevalence, severity and correlates of fatigue among patients with cancer in comparison with a control group of volunteers without cancer. Ann Oncol 11: 561-567, 2000. (Pubitemid 30431378)
231. Stone RM, DeAngelo DJ, Janosova A, Galinsky I, Canning C, Ritz J, and Soiffer RJ. Low dose interleukin-2 following intensification therapy with high dose cytarabine for acute myelogenous leukemia in first complete remission. Am J Hematol 83: 771-777, 2008.
232. Stromgren AS, Goldschmidt D, Groenvold M, Petersen MA, Jensen PT, Pedersen L, Hoermann L, Helleberg C, and Sjogren P. Self-assessment in cancer patients referred to palliative care: A study of feasibility and symptom epidemiology. Cancer 94: 512-520, 2002.
233. Sugarbaker PH. Cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced primary and recurrent ovarian cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 21: 15-24, 2009.
234. Supinski GS and Callahan LA. Free radical-mediated skeletal muscle dysfunction in inflammatory conditions. J Appl Physiol 102: 2056-2063, 2007. (Pubitemid 46701978)
235. Swain SM, Whaley FS, and Ewer MS. Congestive heart failure in patients treated with doxorubicin: A retrospective analysis of three trials. Cancer 97: 2869-2879, 2003. (Pubitemid 36605157)
236. Takemura G and Fujiwara H. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy from the cardiotoxic mechanisms to management. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 49: 330-352, 2007. (Pubitemid 46295436)
237. Tangpong J, Cole MP, Sultana R, Joshi G, Estus S, Vore M, St CW, Ratanachaiyavong S, St Clair DK, and Butterfield DA. Adriamycin-induced, TNF-alpha-mediated central nervous system toxicity. Neurobiol Dis 23: 127-139, 2006. (Pubitemid 44192385)
238. Tew WP, Radovich D, O'Reilly E, Schwartz G, Schrag D, Saltz LB, Kelsen DP, Kepler S, and Ilson DH. Phase I trial of weekly cisplatin, irinotecan and paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Invest New Drugs 27: 366-373, 2009.
239. Tewey KM, Rowe TC, Yang L, Halligan BD, and Liu LF. Adriamycin-induced DNA damage mediated by mammalian DNA topoisomerase II. Science 226: 466-8, 1984. (Pubitemid 14012819)
240. Tian Q, Katz AM, and Kim DH. Effects of azumolene on doxorubicin-induced Ca2 + release from skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochim Biophys Acta 1094: 27-34, 1991.
241. Timolati F, Ott D, Pentassuglia L, Giraud MN, Perriard JC, Suter TM, and Zuppinger C. Neuregulin-1 beta attenuates doxorubicin-induced alterations of excitation-contraction coupling and reduces oxidative stress in adult rat cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 41: 845-854, 2006. (Pubitemid 44635571)
242. Timur M, Akbas SH, and Ozben T. The effect of topotecan on oxidative stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Acta Biochim Pol 52: 897-902, 2005. (Pubitemid 43155020)
243. Tokarska-Schlattner M, Zaugg M, Zuppinger C, Wallimann T, and Schlattner U. New insights into doxorubicininduced cardiotoxicity: The critical role of cellular energetics. J Mol Cell Cardiol 41: 389-405, 2006. (Pubitemid 44362995)
244. Tozer RG, Tai P, Falconer W, Ducruet T, Karabadjian A, Bounous G, Molson JH, and Droge W. Cysteine-rich protein reverses weight loss in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 395-402, 2008.
245. Tsavaris N, Kosmas C, Skopelitis H, Dimitrakopoulos A, Kopterides P, Bougas D, Stravodimos K, Mitropoulos D, Alamanis C, and Giannopoulos A. Methotrexate-paclitaxelepirubicin-carboplatin (M-TEC) combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced bladder cancer: An open label phase II study. J Chemother 17: 441-448, 2005. (Pubitemid 41284784)
246. Tsimberidou AM, Moulder S, Fu S, Wen S, Naing A, Bedikian AY, Daring S, Uehara C, Ng C, Wallace M, Camacho L, and Kurzrock R. Phase I clinical trial of hepatic arterial infusion of cisplatin in combination with intravenous liposomal doxorubicin in patients with advanced cancer and dominant liver involvement. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 66: 1087-1093, 2010.
247. Turner-Gomes SO, Lands LC, Halton J, Hanning RM, Heigenhauser GJ, Pai M, and Barr R. Cardiorespiratory status after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol 26: 160-165, 1996. (Pubitemid 26046145)
248. Unverferth DV, Jagadeesh JM, Unverferth BJ, Magorien RD, Leier CV, and Balcerzak SP. Attempt to prevent doxorubicin-induced acute human myocardial morphologic damage with acetylcysteine. J Natl Cancer Inst 71: 917-920, 1983. (Pubitemid 14216470)
249. Usta Y, Ismailoglu UB, Bakkaloglu A, Orhan D, Besbas N, Sahin-Erdemli I, and Ozen S. Effects of pentoxifylline in adriamycin-induced renal disease in rats. Pediatr Nephrol 19: 840-843, 2004. (Pubitemid 39144764)
250. Valerio MR, Tagliaferri P, Raspagliesi F, Fulfaro F, Badalamenti G, Arcara C, Cicero G, Russo A, Venuta S, Guarneri G, and Gebbia N. A phase II study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin oxaliplatin and cyclophosphamide as secondline treatment in relapsed ovarian carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 16 Suppl 1: 79-85, 2006.
251. Van der Speeten K, Stuart OA, Mahteme H, and Sugarbaker PH. A pharmacologic analysis of intraoperative intracavitary cancer chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 63: 799-805, 2009.
252. van Norren K, van Helvoort A, Argiles JM, van Tuijl S, Arts K, Gorselink M, Laviano A, Kegler D, Haagsman HP, and van der Beek EM. Direct effects of doxorubicin on skeletal muscle contribute to fatigue. Br J Cancer 100: 311-314, 2009.
253. Van Vleet JF and Ferrans VJ. Clinical and pathologic features of chronic adriamycin toxicosis in rabbits. Am J Vet Res 41: 1462-1469, 1980. (Pubitemid 11249442)
254. Villani F, Busia A, Villani M, Laffranchi A, Viviani S, and Bonfante V. Cardiopulmonary response to exercise in patients with different degrees of lung toxicity after radiochemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. Anticancer Res 29: 777-783, 2009.
255. Villani F, Galimberti M, Monti E, Piccinini F, Lanza E, Rozza A, Favalli L, Poggi P, and Zunino F. Effect of glutathione and N-acetylcysteine on in vitro and in vivo cardiac toxicity of doxorubicin. Free Radic Res Commun. 11: 145-151, 1990.
256. Vincenzi B, Santini D, Rabitti C, Coppola R, Beomonte Zobel B, Trodella L, and Tonini G. Cetuximab and irinotecan as third-line therapy in advanced colorectal cancer patients: A single centre phase II trial. Br J Cancer 94: 792-797, 2006.
257. Vodermaier A. Breast cancer treatment and cognitive function: The current state of evidence, underlying mechanisms and potential treatments. Womens Health (Lond Engl) 5: 503-516, 2009.
258. Vrdoljak AL, Berend S, Zeljezic D, Piljac-Zegarac J, Plestina S, Kuca K, Radic B, Mladinic M, and Kopjar N. Irinotecan side effects relieved by the use of HI-6 oxime: In vivo experimental approach. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 105: 401-409, 2009.
259. Wajant H, Pfizenmaier K, and Scheurich P. Tumor necrosis factor signaling. Cell Death Differ 10: 45-65, 2003. (Pubitemid 36511832)
260. Wang GW, Klein JB, and Kang YJ. Metallothionein inhibits doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation in cardiomyocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 298: 461-468, 2001. (Pubitemid 32673395)
261. Waters SH, Gillibrand A, Berry H, Kumar S, Velikova G, Dodwell DJ, and Perren TJ. Dose-finding study of weekly docetaxel, epirubicin and capecitabine, as first-line treatment in advanced breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 64: 407-412, 2009.
262. Weiss RB. The anthracyclines: Will we ever find a better doxorubicin? Semin Oncol 19: 670-686, 1992. (Pubitemid 23004844)
263. Wessner B, Strasser EM, Koitz N, Schmuckenschlager C, Unger-Manhart N, and Roth E. Green tea polyphenol administration partly ameliorates chemotherapy-induced side effects in the small intestine of mice. J Nutr 137: 634-640, 2007. (Pubitemid 46397495)
264. William WN, Jr., Lee JL, Shin DM, Hong WK, Liu S, Lee JJ, Lippman SM, Khuri FR, and Kim ES. Phase I trial of weekly topotecan and gemcitabine in patients with solid tumors. Am J Clin Oncol 32: 15-19, 2009.
265. William WN, Jr., Uyeki J, Johnson FM, Feng L, Peeples BO, Fossella FV, Karp DD, Blumenschein GR, Stewart DJ, and Glisson BS. Weekly alternating therapy with irinotecan plus cisplatin and etoposide plus cisplatin in the treatment of patients with extensive small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 116: 2409-2415, 2010.
266. Wirtschafter JD and McLoon LK. Long-term efficacy of local doxorubicin chemomyectomy in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. Ophthalmology 105: 342-346, 1998. (Pubitemid 28090842)
267. Wojnowski L, Kulle B, Schirmer M, Schluter G, Schmidt A, Rosenberger A, Vonhof S, Bickeboller H, Toliat MR, Suk EK, Tzvetkov M, Kruger A, Seifert S, Kloess M, Hahn H, Loeffler M, Nurnberg P, Pfreundschuh M, Trumper L, Brockmoller J, and Hasenfuss G. NAD(P)H oxidase and multidrug resistance protein genetic polymorphisms are associated with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Circulation 112: 3754-3762, 2005. (Pubitemid 43739516)
268. Wright MJ, Halton JM, Martin RF, and Barr RD. Long-term gross motor performance following treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol 31: 86-90, 1998. (Pubitemid 28341021)
269. Wu HS and McSweeney M. Assessing fatigue in persons with cancer: An instrument development and testing study. Cancer 101: 1685-1695, 2004.
270. Xiong Y, Liu X, Lee CP, Chua BH, and Ho YS. Attenuation of doxorubicin-induced contractile and mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse heart by cellular glutathione peroxidase. Free Radic Biol Med 41: 46-55, 2006. (Pubitemid 43866460)
271. Yamada K, Sugiyama S, Kosaka K, Hayakawa M, and Ozawa T. Early appearance of age-associated deterioration in mitochondrial function of diaphragm and heart in rats treated with doxorubicin. Exp Gerontol 30: 581-593, 1995. (Pubitemid 26006019)
272. Yamamoto Y, Hoshino Y, Ito T, Nariai T, Mohri T, Obana M, Hayata N, Uozumi Y, Maeda M, Fujio Y, and Azuma J. Atrogin-1 ubiquitin ligase is upregulated by doxorubicin via p38-MAP kinase in cardiac myocytes. Cardiovasc Res 79: 89-96, 2008. (Pubitemid 351881941)
273. Yamanaka S, Tatsumi T, Shiraishi J, Mano A, Keira N, Matoba S, Asayama J, Fushiki S, Fliss H, and Nakagawa M. Amlodipine inhibits doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. J Am Coll Cardiol 41: 870-878, 2003. (Pubitemid 36308399)
274. Yavuzsen T, Davis MP, Ranganathan VK, Walsh D, Siemionow V, Kirkova J, Khoshknabi D, Lagman R, LeGrand S, and Yue GH. Cancer-related fatigue: Central or peripheral? J Pain Symptom Manage 38: 587-596, 2009.
275. Yen HC, Oberley TD, Vichitbandha S, Ho YS, and St Clair DK. The protective role of manganese superoxide dismutase against adriamycin-induced acute cardiac toxicity in transgenic mice. J Clin Invest 98: 1253-1260, 1996. (Pubitemid 26299939)
276. Yong WP, Desai AA, Innocenti F, Ramirez J, Shepard D, Kobayashi K, House L, Fleming GF, Vogelzang NJ, Schilsky RL, and Ratain MJ. Pharmacokinetic modulation of oral etoposide by ketoconazole in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 60: 811-819, 2007. (Pubitemid 47389387)
277. Zauderer M, Patil S, and Hurria A. Feasibility and toxicity of dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 117: 205-210, 2009.
278. Zellars RC, Stearns V, Frassica D, Asrari F, Tsangaris T, Myers L, DiPasquale S, Lange JR, Jacobs LK, Emens LA, Armstrong DK, Fetting JH, Garrett-Mayer E, Davidson NE, and Wolff AC. Feasibility trial of partial breast irradiation with concurrent dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 27: 2816-2822, 2009.
279. Zhu AX, Fuchs CS, Clark JW, Muzikansky A, Taylor K, Sheehan S, Tam K, Yung E, Kulke MH, and Ryan DP. A phase II study of epirubicin and thalidomide in unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncologist 10: 392-398, 2005. (Pubitemid 40993567)
280. Ziotopoulos P, Androulakis N, Mylonaki E, Chandrinos V, Zachariadis E, Boukovinas I, Agelidou A, Kentepozidis N, Ignatiadis M, Vossos A, and Georgoulias V. Front-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with irinotecan and docetaxel: A multicentre phase II study. Lung Cancer 50: 115-122, 2005. (Pubitemid 41297478)
281. Zorzato F, Salviati G, Facchinetti T, and Volpe P. Doxorubicin induces calcium release from terminal cisternae of skeletal muscle. A study on isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum and chemically skinned fibers. J Biol Chem 260: 7349-7355, 1985. (Pubitemid 15059376)