The cytoprotective effects of dantrolene: A ryanodine receptor antagonist

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 111, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1400-1410

  Inan, Saadet ^a   Wei, Huafeng ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1 AMINO 1,3 CYCLOPENTANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID; 5 HYDROXYDANTROLENE; AZUMOLENE; CAFFEINE; CALCIUM; CALCIUM ION; DANTROLENE; DIZOCILPINE; ENOXAPARIN; ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1,2 BIS(2 AMINOPHENYL) ETHER N,N,N',N' TETRAACETIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; HALOTHANE; HYDANTOIN DERIVATIVE; ISOFLURANE; ISRADIPINE; MANNITOL; MEMANTINE; NIFEDIPINE; NIMODIPINE; OMEGA CONOTOXIN; PRESENILIN 1; RILUZOLE; RYANODINE RECEPTOR 3; TALAMPANEL; THAPSIGARGIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VECURONIUM; VERAPAMIL; VOLTAGE GATED CALCIUM CHANNEL; XESTOSPONGIN C;

ACNE LIKE DERMATOSIS; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; ANESTHESIA; ANOREXIA; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CALCIUM CELL LEVEL; CALCIUM DEPLETION; CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS; CELL DAMAGE; CELL DEATH; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL PROTECTION; CYTOTOXICITY; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DOG; DROWSINESS; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG ERUPTION; DRUG EXCRETION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG INHIBITION; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SOLUBILITY; DRUG TRANSPORT; DRUG URINE LEVEL; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; EXCITOTOXICITY; FATIGUE; GERBIL; HUMAN; HUNTINGTON CHOREA; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; LIVER DYSFUNCTION; MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA; MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; NAUSEA; NERVE DEGENERATION; NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PARKINSON DISEASE; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PHARMACOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PLEURA EFFUSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPERFUSION INJURY; SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM; SEIZURE; SEPSIS; SPINAL CORD INJURY; SPINOCEREBELLAR DEGENERATION; SWINE; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; TIME TO MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; VASOCONSTRICTION; VOMITING; WEAKNESS;

ANIMALS; CALCIUM; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CALCIUM SIGNALING; CYTOPROTECTION; DANTROLENE; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMANS; NERVE DEGENERATION; NEURONS; RYANODINE RECEPTOR CALCIUM RELEASE CHANNEL;

EID: 78650308809     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181f7181c     Document Type: Article

References (141)

1. Tsutsumi Y, Yamamoto K, Matsuura S, Hata S, Sakai M, Shirakura K. The treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome using dantrolene sodium. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998;52: 433-8
2. Dykes MH. Evaluation of a muscle relaxant: dantrolene sodium (Dantrium). JAMA 1975;231:862-4
3. Krause T, Gerbershagen MU, Fiege M, Weisshorn R, Wappler F. Dantrolene: a review of its pharmacology, therapeutic use and new developments. Anaesthesia 2004;59:364-73
4. Hadad E, Cohen-Sivan Y, Heled Y, Epstein Y. Clinical review: treatment of heat stroke\should dantrolene be considered? Crit Care 2005;9:86-91
5. Hall AP, Henry JA. Acute toxic effects of 'Ecstasy' (MDMA) and related compounds: overview of pathophysiology and clinical management. Br J Anaesth 2006;96:678-85
6. Snyder HR, Davis CS, Bickerton RK, Halliday RP. 1-[(5-Arylfurfurylidene) amino]hydantoins: a new class of muscle relaxant. J Med Chem 1967;10:807-10
7. Ellis KO, Bryant SH. Excitation-contraction uncoupling in skeletal muscle by dantrolene sodium. Naunyn Schmiede-bergs Arch Pharmacol 1972;274:107-9
8. Ellis KO, Carpenter JF. Studies on the mechanism of action of dantrolene sodium: a skeletal muscle relaxant. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1972;274:83-94
9. Harrison GG. Control of the malignant hyperpyrexic syn-drome in MHS swine by dantrolene sodium. Br J Anaesth 1975;47:62-5
10. Hall GM, Lucke JN, Lister D. Treatment of porcine malignant hyperpyrexia: the successful use of dantrolene in the Pietrain pigs. Anaesthesia 1977;32:472-4
11. Kolb ME, Horne ML, Martz R. Dantrolene in human malig-nant hyperthermia: a multicenter study. Anesthesia 1982;56:254-62
12. Rosero EB, Adesanya AO, Timaran CH, Joshi GP. Trends and outcomes of malignant hyperthermia in the United States, 2000-2005. Anesthesiology 2009;110:89-94
13. Inui M, Saito A, Fleischer S. Purification of the ryanodine receptor and identity with feet structures of junctional termi-nal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum from fast skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 1987;262:1740-7
14. 2+ channel within the ryanodine receptor complex from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochem Bio-phys Res Commun 1988;151:441-9
15. Endo M. Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Physiol Rev 1977;57:71-108
16. Fleischer S, Inui M. Biochemistry and biophysics of excitation- contraction coupling. Annu Rev Biophys Biophys Chem 1989;18:333-64
17. 2+ release channels: mo lecular mechanism and isoform selectivity. J Biol Chem 2001;276:13810-6
18. Essin K, Gollasch M. Role of ryanodine receptor subtypes in initiation and formation of calcium sparks in arterial smooth muscle: comparison with striated muscle. J Biomed Biotech 2009:135249
19. 2+ release channels are differently expressed in rabbit brain J Neurosci 1994;8:4794-805
20. Giannini G, Conti A, Mammarella S, Scrobogna M, Sorrentino V. The ryanodine receptor/calcium channel genes widely and differentially expressed in murine brain and peripheral tis-sues. J Cell Biol 1995;128:893-904
21. 2+ release by direct and specific action at skeletal muscle ryanodine receptors. J Biol Chem 1997;272:26965-71
22. Flewellen EH, Nelson TE, Jones WP, Arens JF, Wagner DL. Dantrolene dose response in awake man: implications for man-agement of malignant hyperthermia. Anesthesia 1983;59:275-80
23. Harrison GG. Malignant hyperthermia: dantrolene\dynamics and kinetics. Br J Anaesth 1988;60:279-86
24. Nelson TE. Halothane effects on human malignant hyperther-mia skeletal muscle single calcium-release channels in planar lipid bilayers. Anesthesiology 1992;76:588-95
25. 2+, and ATP. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008;294:C1103-12
26. Allen GC, Larach MG, Kunselman AR. The sensitivity and specificity of the caffeine-halothane contracture test: a report from the North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry. Anesthesiology 1998;88:579-88
27. Litman RS, Rosenberg HR. Malignant hyperthermia update on susceptibility testing. JAMA 2005;293:2918-24
28. 2+ entry in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2009;587:3139-47
29. 2+ entry in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible human skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 2010;285:25645-53
30. 2+ entry into mouse skeletal muscle fibres. J Physiol 2001;533:185-99
31. Derhwitz M, Sréter FA. Azumolene reverses episodes of malignant hyperthermia in susceptible swine. Anesth Analg 1990;70:253-5
32. White RL, Wessels FL, Schwan TJ, Ellis KO. 1-[[[5-(substituted phenyl)-2-oxazolyl]methylene]amino]-2,4-imidazolidinediones, a new class of skeletal muscle relaxants. J Med Chem 1987;2:263-6
33. 2+ sparks in skeletal muscle fibers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005;314:94-102
34. do Carmo PL, Zapata-Sudo G, Trachez MM, Antunes F, Guimarães SE, Debom R, Rizzi MD, Sudo RT. Intravenous administration of azumolene to reverse malignant hyperther-mia in swine. J Vet Intern Med (in press)
35. Sudo RT, do Carmo PL, Trachez MM, Zapata-Sudo G. Effects of azumolene on normal and malignant hyperthermia-susceptible skeletal muscle. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008;102:308-16
36. Faling LJ, Petusevsky ML, Snider GL. Nitrofrontain and dantrolene; liver and lung. Ann Intern Med 1980;93:151
37. Mowbray M, Sinclair SA, Allan SJ. Severe acneiform eruption exacerbated by dantrolene sodium. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009;34:248-9
38. Petusevsky ML, Faling LJ, Rocklin RE, Snider GL, Merliss AD, Moses JM, Dorman SA. Pleuropericardial reaction to treat-ment with dantrolene. JAMA 1979;242:2772-4
39. Saltzman LS, Kates RA, Corke BC, Norfleet EA, Heath KR. Hyperkalemia and cardiovascular collapse after verapamil and dantrolene administration in swine. Anesth Analg 1984;63:473-8
40. Lynch C, Durbin CG, Fisher NA, Veselis RA, Althaus JS. Effects of dantrolene and verapamil on atrioventricular con-duction and cardiovascular performance in dogs. Anesth Analg 1986;65:252-8
41. Driessen JJ, Wuis EW, Gielen MJ. Prolonged vecuronium neuromuscular blockade in a patient receiving orally admin-istered dantrolene. Anesthesiology 1985;62:523-4
42. 14C-dantrolene in the marmoset monkey. Pharmacol Toxicol 1989;64:156-8
43. Enokizono J, Kusuhara H, Ose A, Schinkel AH, Sugiyama Y. Quantitative investigation of the role of breast cancer resis-tance protein (Bcrp/Abcg2) in limiting brain and testis pen-etration of xenobiotic compounds. Drug Metab Dispos 2008;36:995-1002
44. Patti F, Maccagnano C, Panico AM, Giammona G, Rampello L, Reggio A, Di Giorgio RM, Nicoletti F. Effects of dantrolene sodium on gabaergic activity in spinal cord, corpus striatum, substantia nigra and cerebral cortex in rat. Acta Neurol (Napoli) 1981;3:384-8
45. Wei H, Perry DC Dantrolene is cytoprotective in two models of neuronal cell death. J Neurochem 1996;67:2390-8
46. Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P. Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2003;4:552-65
47. Høyer-Hansen M, Jäättelä M. Connecting endoplasmic reticu-lum stress to autophagy by unfolded protein response and calcium. Cell Death Differ 2007;14:1576-82
48. Høyer-Hansen M, Bastholm L, Szyniarowski P, Campanella M, Szabadkai G, Farkas T, Bianchi K, Fehrenbacher N, Elling F, Rizzuto R, Mathiasen IS, Jäättelä M. Control of macroau-tophagy by calcium, calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase-beta, and Bcl-2. Mol Cell 2007;25:193-205
49. Berridge MJ. Inositol trisphosphate and calcium signalling. Nature 1993;361:315-25
50. 2+ liaison. Science's STKE 2004; www. stke.org/cgi/content/full/sigtrans;2004/215/re1
51. Rizzuto R, Pozzan T. Microdomains of intracellular Ca2 + molecular determinants and functional consequences. Physiol Rev 2006;86:369-408
52. Schlaepfer WW, Bunge RP. Effects of calcium ion concentra-tion on the degeneration of amputated axons in tissue culture. J Cell Biol 1973;59:456-70
53. Choi DW. Glutamate neurotoxicity in cortical cell culture is calcium dependent. Neurosci Lett 1985;58:293-7
54. Verkhratsky A, Shmigol A. Calcium-induced calcium release in neurones. Cell Calcium 1996;19:1-14
55. Hajos F, Garthwaite G, Garthwaite J. Reversible and irrevers-ible neuronal damage caused by excitatory amino acid ana-logues in rat cerebellar slices. Neuroscience 1986;18:417-36
56. Garthwaite G, Garthwaite J. Neurotoxicity of excitatory amino acid receptor agonists in rat cerebellar slices: depen-dence on calcium concentration. Neurosci Lett 1986;66:193-8
57. Sattler R, Tymianski M. Molecular mechanisms of calcium-dependent excitotoxicity. J Mol Med 2000;78:3-13
58. Muehlschlegel S, Sims JR. Dantrolene: mechanisms of neuro-protection and possible clinical applications in the neuroin-tensive care unit. Neurocrit Care 2009;10:103-15
59. Criollo A, Vicencio JM, Tasdemir E, Maiuri MC, Lavandero S, Kroemer G. The inositol trisphosphate receptor in the control of autophagy. Autophagy 2007;3:350-3
60. Sarkar S, Korolchuk V, Renna M, Winslow A, Rubinsztein DC Methodological considerations for assessing autoph-agy modulators: a study with calcium phosphate precipi-tates. Autophagy 2009;5:307-13
61. Katchman AN, Hershkowitz N. Early anoxia-induced vesicu-lar glutamate release results from mobilization of calcium from intracellular stores. J Neurophysiol 1993;70:1-7
62. Benveniste H, Drejer J, Schousboe A, Diemer NH. Elevation of the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and aspartate in rat hippocampus during transient cerebral ischemia monitored by intracerebral microdialysis. J Neurochem 1984;43:1369-74
63. Benveniste H, Jorgensen MB, Diemer NH, Hansen AJ. Cal-cium accumulation by glutamate receptor activation is in-volved in hippocampal cell damage after ischemia. Acta Neurol Scand 1988;78:529-36
64. Choi DW. Possible mechanisms limiting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor overactivation and the therapeutic efficacy of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists. Stroke 1990;21:III20-2
65. 2+ elevation induced by in vitro ischemia-like condition in hippocampal slices. Brain Res 1993;601:103-10
66. Zhang L, Andou Y, Masuda S, Mitani A, Kataoka K. Dan-trolene protects against ischemic, delayed neuronal death in gerbil brain. Neurosci Lett 1993;158:105-8
67. Yano T, Nakayama R, Imaizumi T, Terasaki H, Ushijima K. Dantrolene ameliorates delayed cell death and concomitant DNA fragmentation in the rat hippocampal CA1 neurons subjected to mild ischemia. Resuscitation 2001;50:117-25
68. Nakayama R, Yano T, Ushijima K, Abe E, Terasaki H. Effects of dantrolene on extracellular glutamate concentration and neuronal death in the rat hippocampal CA1 region subjected to transient ischemia. Anesthesiology 2002;96:705-10
69. Wang C, Nguyen HN, Maguire JL, Perry DC. Role of intracellular calcium stores in cell death from oxygen-glucose deprivation in a neuronal cell line. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2002;22:206-14
70. Li F, Hayashi T, Jin G, Deguchi K, Nagotani S, Nagano I, Shoji M, Chan PH, Abe K. The protective effect of dantrolene on ischemic neuronal cell death is associated with reduced expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. Brain Res 2005;1048:59-68
71. Gwak M, Park P, Kim K, Lim K, Jeong S, Baek C, Lee J. The effects of dantrolene on hypoxic-ischemic injury in the neo-natal rat brain. Anesth Analg 2008;106:227-33
72. Kocogullari CU, Emmiler M, Cemek M, Sahin O, Aslan A, Ayva E, Tur L, Buyukokuroglu ME, Demirkan I, Cekirdekci A. Can dantrolene protect spinal cord against ischemia/reperfusion injury? An experimental study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;56:406-11
73. Salomone S, Soydan G, Moskowitz MA, Sims JR. Inhibition of cerebral vasoconstriction by dantrolene and nimodipine. Neurocrit Care 2009;10:93-102
74. Ally A, Horrobin DF, Manku MS, Morgan RO, Karmazyn M, Karmali RA, Cunnane SC Dantrolene blocks intracellular calcium release in smooth muscle: competitive antagonism of thromboxane A2. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1978;56:520-3
75. Savineau JP, Gonzalez Da La Fuente P, Marthan R. Effect of modulators of tyrosine kinase activity on agonist-induced contraction in the rat pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Pulm Pharmacol 1996;3:189-95
76. 2+ channels and cyclic ADP-ribose. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000;36:758-63
77. Martínez-Sánchez M, Striggow F, Schroder UH, Kahlert S, Reymann KG, Reiser G. Na(+) and Ca(2 +) homeostasis pathways, cell death and protection after oxygen-glucose-deprivation in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Neuroscience 2004; 128:729-40
78. Preckel B, Schlack W, Comfere T, Thamer V. Effect of dan-trolene in an in vivo and in vitro model of myocardial reperfusion injury. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2000;44:194-201
79. 2+ channel opening. Am J Nephrol 2008;28:487-99
80. Kaya M, Tunc M, Ozdemir T, Altuntas I. Calcium antagonists in N-methyl d-aspartate-induced retinal injury. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2003;241:418-22
81. Popescu BO, Oprica M, Sajin M, Stanciu CL, Bajenaru O, Predescu A, Vidulescu C, Popescu LM. Dantrolene protects neurons against kainic acid induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2002;6:555-69
82. Duzenli S, Bakuridze K, Gepdiremen A. The effects of ruthe-nium red, dantrolene and nimodipine, alone or in combina-tion, in NMDA induced neurotoxicity of cerebellar granular cell culture of rats. Toxicol In Vitro 2005;19:589-94
83. Mori F, Okada M, Tomiyama M, Kaneko S, Wakabayashi K. Effects of ryanodine receptor activation on neurotransmitter release and neuronal cell death following kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res 2005;65:59-70
84. 45Ca uptake in cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Neurochem Int 2003;43:273-8
85. 2+-dependent intrinsic bursting in the rat pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Physiol 2001;532:205-16
86. Kulak W, Sobaniec W, Wojtal K, Czuczwar SJ. Calcium modulation in epilepsy. Pol J Pharmacol 2004;56:29-41
87. McDonald JW, Fix AS, Tizzano JP, Schoepp DD. Seizures and brain injury in neonatal rats induced by 1S,3R-ACPD, a metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist. J Neurosci 1993;13:4445-55
88. Niebauer M, Gruenthal M. Neuroprotective effects of early vs. late administration of dantrolene in experimental status epilepticus. Neuropharmacology 1999;38:1343-8
89. Pelletier MR, Wadia JS, Mills LR, Carlen PL. Seizure-induced cell death produced by repeated tetanic stimulation in vitro: possible role of endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores. J Neu-rophysiol 1999;81:3054-64
90. Nagatomo I, Hashiguchi W, Tominaga M, Akasaki Y, Uchida M, Takigawa M. Effects of MK-801, dantrolene, and FK506 on convulsive seizures and brain nitric oxide production in seizure-susceptible EL mice. Brain Res 2001;888:306-10
91. Swiader M, Borowicz KK, Porebiak J, Kleinrok Z, Czuczwar SJ. Influence of agents affecting voltage-dependent calcium channels and dantrolene on the anticonvulsant action of the AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist LY 300164 in mice. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2002;12:311-9
92. Borowicz KK, Gasior M, Kleinrok Z, Czuczwar SJ. Influence of isradipine, niguldipine and dantrolene on the anticonvul-sive action of conventional antiepileptics in mice. Eur J Phar-macol 1997;323:45-51
93. Barton ME, Shannon HE. Behavioral and convulsant effects of the (S) enantiomer of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist 3,5-DHPG in mice. Neuropharmacology 2005;48:779-87
94. Marambaud P, Dreses-Werringloer U, Vingtdeux V. Cal-cium signaling in neurodegeneration. Mol Neurodegener 2009;4:20-35
95. MacManus A, Ramsden M, Murray M, Henderson Z, Pearson HA, Campbell VA. Enhancement of (45)Ca(2+) influx and voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel activity by beta-amyloid-(1-40) in rat cortical synaptosomes and cultured cortical neurons: modulation by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta. J Biol Chem 2000;275:4713-8
96. Rovira C, Arbez N, Mariani J. Abeta(25-35) and Abeta(1-40) act on different calcium channels in CA1 hippocampal neu-rons. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002;296:1317-21
97. Demuro A, Mina E, Kayed R, Milton SC, Parker I, Glabe CG. Calcium dysregulation and membrane disruption as a ubiq-uitous neurotoxic mechanism of soluble amyloid oligomers. J Biol Chem 2005;280:17294-300
98. Egea J, Rosa AO, Cuadrado A, Garcia AG, Lopez MG. Nicotinic receptor activation by epibatidine induces heme oxygenase-1 and protects chromaffin cells against oxidative stress. J Neurochem 2007;102:1842-52
99. Bezprozvanny I. Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Mol Med 2009;15:89-100
100. Tang TS, Tu H, Chan EY, Maximov A, Wang Z, Wellington CL, Hayden MR, Bezprozvanny I. Huntingtin and huntingtin-associated protein 1 influence neuronal calcium signaling mediated by inositol-(1,4,5) triphosphate receptor type 1. Neuron 2003;39:227-39
101. Rothstein JD, Kuncl RW. Neuroprotective strategies in a model of chronic glutamate-mediated motor neuron toxicity. J Neurochem 1995;65:643-51
102. 2+, mitochondria and selective motoneuron vulnerability: implications for ALS. Trends Neu-rosci 2005;28:494-500
103. Chen X, Tang TS, Tu H, Nelson O, Pook M, Hammer R, Nukina N, Bezprozvanny I. Deranged calcium signaling and neurodegeneration in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. J Neuro-sci 2008;28:12713-24
104. Liu J, Tang TS, Tu H, Nelson O, Herndon E, Huynh DP, Pulst SM, Bezprozvanny I. Deranged calcium signaling and neuro-degeneration in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. J Neurosci 2009;29:9148-62
105. Haass C, Selkoe DJ. Soluble protein oligomers in neurodegen-eration: lessons from the Alzheimer's amyloid beta-peptide. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2007;8:101-12
106. Liang G, Wang Q, Li Y, Kang B, Eckenhoff MF, Eckenhoff RG, Wei H. A presenilin-1 mutation renders neurons vulnerable to isoflurane toxicity. Anesth Analg 2008;106:492-500
107. Wei H, Liang G, Yang H, Wang Q, Hawkins B, Madesh M, Wang S, Eckenhoff RG. The common inhalational anesthetic isoflurane induces apoptosis via activation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors. Anesthesiology 2008;108:251-60
108. Guo Q, Sopher BL, Furukawa K, Pham DG, Robinson N, Martin GM, Mattson MP. Alzheimer's presenilin mutation sensitizes neural cells to apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal and amyloid beta-peptide: involvement of cal-cium and oxyradicals. J Neurosci 1997;17:4212-22
109. Deshpande A, Mina E, Glabe C, Busciglio J. Different conformations of amyloid beta induce neurotoxicity by distinct mechanisms in human cortical neurons. J Neurosci 2006;26:6011-8
110. Kuchibhotla KV, Goldman ST, Lattarulo CR, Wu HY, Hyman BT, Bacskai BJ. Abeta plaques lead to aberrant regulation of calcium homeostasis in vivo resulting in structural and func-tional disruption of neuronal networks. Neuron 2008;59:214-25
111. Martinez-Coria H, Green KN, Billings LM, Kitazawa M, Albrecht M, Rammes G, Parsons CG, Gupta S, Banerjee P, LaFerla FM. Memantine improves cognition and reduces Alzheimer's-like neuropathology in transgenic mice. Am J Pathol 2010;176:870-80
112. 2+ release and contractility in skeletal muscle. Neurobiol Aging 2008 (in press)
113. Imaizumi K, Morihara T, Mori Y, Katayama T, Tsuda M, Furuyama T, Wanaka A, Takeda M, Tohyama M. The cell death-promoting gene DP5, which interacts with the BCL2 family, is induced during neuronal apoptosis following expo-sure to amyloid beta protein. J Biol Chem 1999;274:7975-81
114. Mattson MP, Zhu H, Yu J, Kindy MS. Presenilin-1 mutation increases neuronal vulnerability to focal ischemia in vivo and to hypoxia and glucose deprivation in cell culture: involve-ment of perturbed calcium homeostasis. J Neurosci 2000;20:1358-64
115. Nakajima M, Miura M, Aosaki T, Shirasawa T. Deficiency of presenilin-1 increases calcium-dependent vulnerability of neurons to oxidative stress in vitro. J Neurochem 2001;78:807-14
116. 2+] in adult Alzheimer's disease mice. J Neurochem 2008;105:262-71
117. Wexler NS, Rose EA, Housman DE. Molecular approaches to hereditary diseases of the nervous system: Huntington's disease as a paradigm. Annu Rev Neurosci 1991;14:503-29
118. DiFiglia M, Sapp E, Chase K, Schwarz C, Meloni A, Young C, Martin E, Vonsattel JP, Carraway R, Reeves SA, Boyce FM, Aronin N. Huntingtin is a cytoplasmic protein associated with vesicles in human and rat brain neurons. Neuron 1995;14:1075-81
119. Matsumoto M, Nakagawa T, Inoue T, Nagata E, Tanaka K, Takano H, Minowa O, Kuno J, Sakakibara S, Yamada M, Yoneshima H, Miyawaki A, Fukuuchi Y, Furuichi T, Okano H, Mikoshiba K, Noda T. Ataxia and epileptic seizures in mice lacking type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. Nature 1996;379:168-71
120. Tang TS, Guo C, Wang H, Chen X, Bezprozvanny I. Neuro-protective effects of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor C-terminal fragment in a Huntington's disease mouse model. J Neurosci 2009;29:1257-66
121. Tang TS, Slow E, Lupu V, Stavrovskaya IG, Sugimori M, Llinas R, Kristal BS, Hayden MR, Bezprozvanny I. Disturbed Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of medium spiny neurons in Huntington's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:2602-7
122. Abou-Sleiman PM, Muqit MM, Wood NW. Expanding in-sights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2006;7:207-19
123. Danzer KM, Haasen D, Karow AR, Moussaud S, Habeck M, Giese A, Kretzschmar H, Hengerer B, Kostka M. Different species of alpha-synuclein oligomers induce calcium influx and seeding. J Neurosci 2007;27:9220-32
124. Furukawa K, Matsuzaki-Kobayashi M, Hasegawa T, Kikuchi A, Sugeno N, Itoyama Y, Wang Y, Yao PJ, Bushlin I, Takeda A. Plasma membrane ion permeability induced by mutant alpha-synuclein contributes to the degeneration of neural cells. J Neurochem 2006;97:1071-7
125. Kindler CH, Eilers H, Donohoe P, Ozer S, Bickler PE. Volatile anesthetics increase intracellular calcium in cerebrocortical and hippocampal neurons. Anesthesiology 1999;90:1137-45
126. Wei H, Kang B, Wei W, Liang G, Meng QC, Li Y, Eckenhoff RG. Isoflurane and sevoflurane affect cell survival and BCL-2/BAX ratio differently. Brain Res 2005;1037:139-47
127. Yang H, Liang G, Hawkins BJ, Madesh M, Pierwola A, Wei HF. Inhalational anesthetics induce cell damage by disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis with different potencies. Anesthesiology 2008;109:243-50
128. Zhao Y, Liang G, Chen Q, Joseph DJ, Meng Q, Eckenhoff RG, Eckenhoff MF, Wei H. Anesthetic induced neurodegeneration mediated via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. J Pharma-col Exp Ther 2010;333:1-9
129. Wang S, Peretich K, Zhao Y, Liang G, Meng Q, Wei H. Anesthesia-induced neurodegeneration in fetal rat brains. Pediatr Res 2009;66:435-40
130. Li Y, Liang G, Wang S, Meng Q, Wang Q, Wei H. Effects of fetal exposure to isoflurane on postnatal memory and learn-ing in rats. Neuropharmacology 2007;53:942-50
131. Wei H, Liang G, Yang H. Isoflurane preconditioning inhibited isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity. Neurosci Lett 2007;425:59-62
132. 2+ and mitogen-activated protein ki-nase signaling. Anesthesiology 2005;103:532-9
133. Baranov D, Bickler PE, Crosby GJ, Culley DJ, Eckenhoff MF, Eckenhoff RG, Hogan KJ, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Palotas A, Perouansky M, Planel E, Silverstein JH, Wei H, Whittington RA, Xie Z, Zuo Z. Consensus statement: First International Workshop on Anesthetics and Alzheimer's Disease. Anesth Analg 2009;108:1627-30
134. Wei H, Xie Z. Anesthesia, calcium homeostasis and Alzhei-mer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2009;6:30-5
135. 2+: a critical link in the pathophysiology of sepsis? Proc Natl Acad Sci 1993;90:3933-7
136. Hotchkiss RS, Karl IE. Dantrolene ameliorates the metabolic hallmarks of sepsis in rats and improves survival in a mouse model of endotoxemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1994;91:3039-43
137. Nemeth ZH, Hasko G, Szabo C, Salzman AL, Vizi ES. Calcium channel blockers and dantrolene differentially regu-late the production of interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma in endotoxemic mice. Brain Res Bull 1998;46:257-61
138. Williams AB, Decourten-Myers GM, Fischer JE, Luo G, Sun X, Hasselgren PO. Sepsis stimulates release of myofilaments in skeletal muscle by a calcium-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 1999;13:1435-43
139. Wray CJ, Sun X, Gang GI, Hasselgren PO. Dantrolene down-regulates the gene expression and activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway in septic skeletal muscle. J Surg Res 2002;104:82-7
140. Hassoun SM, Marechal X, Montaigne D, Bouazza Y, Decoster B, Lancel S, Neviere R. Prevention of endotoxin-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak improves mitochondrial and myocardial dysfunction. Crit Care Med 2008;36:2590-6
141. Aslan A, Cemek M, Buyukokuroglu ME, Altunbas K, Bas O, Yurumez Y, Cosar M. Dantrolene can reduce secondary damage after spinal cord injury. Eur Spine J 2009;18:1442-51