Antibodies and DNA photoproducts: Applications, milestones and reference guide

Photochemistry and Photobiology

Volumn 86, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 2-17

  Mitchell, David ^a   Brooks, Becky ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY; DNA;

DNA DAMAGE; GENETIC PROCEDURES; IMMUNOLOGY; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; RADIATION EXPOSURE; REVIEW; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

ANTIBODIES; DNA; DNA DAMAGE; MOLECULAR PROBE TECHNIQUES; PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; ULTRAVIOLET RAYS;

EID: 73649106899     PISSN: 00318655     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00673.x     Document Type: Review

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79. Fekete, A., A. A. Vink, S. Gaspar, A. Berces, K. Modos, G. Ronto L. Roza (1998) Assessment of the effects of various UV sources on inactivation and photoproduct induction in phage T7 dosimeter. Photochem. Photobiol. 68, 527 531.
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81. Mitchell, D. L., L. Paniker T. Douki (2009) DNA damage, repair and photoadaptation in a Xiphophorus fish hybrid. Photochem. Photobiol. 85, 1384 1390.
82. Fischer, F., B. Volkmer, S. Puschmann, R. Greinert, E. Breitbart, J. Kiefer R. Wepf (2008) Assessing the risk of skin damage due to femtosecond laser irradiation. J. Biophotonics 1, 470 477.
83. Fischer, F., B. Volkmer, S. Puschmann, R. Greinert, W. Breitbart, J. Kiefer R. Wepf (2008) Risk estimation of skin damage due to ultrashort pulsed, focused near-infrared laser irradiation at 800 nm. J. Biomed. Opt. 13, 041320.
84. Lu, Y. P., Y. R. Lou, P. Yen, D. Mitchell, M. T. Huang A. H. Conney (1999) Time course for early adaptive responses to ultraviolet B light in the epidermis of SKH-1 mice. Cancer Res. 59, 4591 4602.
85. Wheeler, D. L., K. E. Martin, K. J. Ness, Y. Li, N. E. Dreckschmidt, M. Wartman, H. N. Ananthaswamy, D. L. Mitchell A. K. Verma (2004) Protein kinase C epsilon is an endogenous photosensitizer that enhances ultraviolet radiation-induced cutaneous damage and development of squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer Res. 64, 7756 7765.
86. Mabruk, M. J., L. K. Toh, M. Murphy, M. Leader, E. Kay G. M. Murphy (2009) Investigation of the effect of UV irradiation on DNA damage: Comparison between skin cancer patients and normal volunteers. J. Cutan. Pathol. 36, 760 765.
87. Hill, H. Z., G. J. Hill, K. Cieszka, P. M. Plonka, D. L. Mitchell, M. F. Meyenhofer, P. Xin R. E. Boissy (1997) Comparative action spectrum for ultraviolet light killing of mouse melanocytes from different genetic coat color backgrounds. Photochem. Photobiol. 65, 983 989.
88. Meeran, S. M., S. K. Mantena S. K. Katiyar (2006) Prevention of ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppression by (-)-epigallocatechin-3- gallate in mice is mediated through interleukin 12-dependent DNA repair. Clin. Cancer Res. 12, 2272 2280.
89. Bush, J. A., V. C. Ho, D. L. Mitchell, V. A. Tron G. Li (1999) Effect of N-acetylcysteine on UVB-induced apoptosis and DNA repair in human and mouse keratinocytes. Photochem. Photobiol. 70, 329 333.
90. Kobayashi, N., T. Muramatsu, Y. Yamashina, T. Shirai, T. Ohnishi T. Mori (1993) Melanin reduces ultraviolet-induced DNA damage formation and killing rate in cultured human melanoma cells. J. Invest. Dermatol. 101, 685 689.
91. Barker, D., K. Dixon, E. E. Medrano, D. Smalara, S. Im, D. Mitchell, G. Babcock Z. A. Abdel-Malek (1995) Comparison of the responses of human melanocytes with different melanin contents to ultraviolet B irradiation. Cancer Res. 55, 4041 4046.
92. Cario-Andre, M., C. Pain, Y. Gall, J. Ginestar, O. Nikaido A. Taieb (2000) Studies on epidermis reconstructed with and without melanocytes: Melanocytes prevent sunburn cell formation but not appearance of DNA damaged cells in fair-skinned Caucasians. J. Invest. Dermatol. 115, 193 199.
93. Kobayashi, N., A. Nakagawa, T. Muramatsu, Y. Yamashina, T. Shirai, M. W. Hashimoto, Y. Ishigaki, T. Ohnishi T. Mori (1998) Supranuclear melanin caps reduce ultraviolet induced DNA photoproducts in human epidermis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 110, 806 810.
94. Armstrong, T. N., R. Reimschuessel B. P. Bradley (2002) DNA damage, histological changes and DNA repair in larval Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to ultraviolet-B radiation. Aquat. Toxicol. 58, 1 14.
95. Stapleton, A. E. V. Walbot (1994) Flavonoids can protect maize DNA from the induction of ultraviolet radiation damage. Plant Physiol. 105, 881 889.
96. Widyarini, S. (2006) Protective effect of the isoflavone equol against DNA damage induced by ultraviolet radiation to hairless mouse skin. J. Vet. Sci. 7, 217 223.
97. Birt, D. F., D. Mitchell, B. Gold, P. Pour H. C. Pinch (1997) Inhibition of ultraviolet light induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice by apigenin, a plant flavonoid. Anticancer Res. 17, 85 91.
98. Bissonauth, V., R. Drouin, D. L. Mitchell, M. Rhainds, J. Claveau M. Rouabhia (2000) The efficacy of a broad-spectrum sunscreen to protect engineered human skin from tissue and DNA damage induced by solar ultraviolet exposure. Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 4128 4135.
99. Rouabhia, M., D. L. Mitchell, M. Rhainds, J. Claveau R. Drouin (2002) A physical sunscreen protects engineered human skin against artificial solar ultraviolet radiation-induced tissue and DNA damage. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 1, 471 477.
100. Horiki, S., H. Miyauchi-Hashimoto, K. Tanaka, O. Nikaido T. Horio (2000) Protective effects of sunscreening agents on photocarcinogenesis, photoaging, and DNA damage in XPA gene knockout mice. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 292, 511 518.
101. Yarosh, D., L. G. Alas, V. Yee, A. Oberyszyn, J. T. Kibitel, D. Mitchell, R. Rosenstein, A. Spinowitz M. Citron (1992) Pyrimidine dimer removal enhanced by DNA repair liposomes reduces the incidence of UV skin cancer in mice. Cancer Res. 52, 4227 4231.
102. Bito, T., M. Ueda, T. Nagano, S. Fujii M. Ichihashi (1995) Reduction of ultraviolet-induced skin cancer in mice by topical application of DNA excision repair enzymes. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 11, 9 13.
103. Roza, L., W. Vermeulen, J. B. Bergen Henegouwen, A. P. Eker, N. G. Jaspers, P. H. Lohman J. H. Hoeijmakers (1990) Effects of microinjected photoreactivating enzyme on thymine dimer removal and DNA repair synthesis in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts. Cancer Res. 50, 1905 1910.
104. Stege, H., L. Roza, A. A. Vink, M. Grewe, T. Ruzicka, S. Grether-Beck J. Krutmann (2000) Enzyme plus light therapy to repair DNA damage in ultraviolet-B-irradiated human skin. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 1790 1795.
105. Fekete, A., A. A. Vink, S. Gaspar, K. Modos, A. Berces, G. Ronto L. Roza (1999) Influence of phage proteins on formation of specific UV DNA photoproducts in phage T7. Photochem. Photobiol. 69, 545 552.
106. Wilhelm, S. W., W. Jeffrey, A. L. Dean, J. Meador, J. D. Pakulski D. Mitchell (2003) UV radiation induced DNA damage in marine viruses along a latitudinal gradient in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 31, 1 8.
107. Wilhelm, S. W., W. H. Jeffrey, C. A. Suttle D. L. Mitchell (2002) Estimation of biologically damaging UV levels in marine surface waters with DNA and viral dosimeters. Photochem. Photobiol. 76, 268 273.
108. Wilhelm, S. W., M. G. Weinbauer, C. A. Suttle, R. J. Pledger D. L. Mitchell (1998) Measurements of DNA damage and photoreactivation imply that most viruses in marine surface waters are infective. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 14, 215 222.
109. Crowley, D. J., I. Boubriak, B. R. Berquist, M. Clark, E. Richard, L. Sullivan, S. DasSarma S. McCready (2006) The uvrA, uvrB and uvrC genes are required for repair of ultraviolet light induced DNA photoproducts in Halobacterium sp. NRC-1. Saline Syst. 2, 11.
110. McCready, S. (1996) The repair of ultraviolet light-induced DNA damage in the halophilic archaebacteria, Halobacterium cutirubrum, Halobacterium halobium and Haloferax volcanii. Mutat. Res. 364, 25 32.
111. McCready, S. L. Marcello (2003) Repair of UV damage in Halobacterium salinarum. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31, 694 698.
112. Boelen, P., M. K. de Boer, G. W. Kraay, M. J. Veldhuis A. G. Buma (2000) UVBR induced DNA damage in natural marine picoplankton assemblages in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 193, 1 9.
113. Boelen, P., A. F. Post, M. J. Veldhuis A. G. Buma (2002) Diel patterns of UVBR-induced DNA damage in picoplankton size fractions from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Microb. Ecol. 44, 164 174.
114. Jeffrey, W. H., R. V. Miller D. L. Mitchell (1997) Detection of ultraviolet radiation induced DNA damage in microbial communities of the Gerlache Strait. Antarct. J. US 32, 85 87.
115. Jeffrey, W. H., R. J. Pledger, P. Aas, S. Hager, R. B. Coffin, R. Von Haven D. L. Mitchell (1996) Diel and depth profiles of DNA photodamage in bacterioplankton exposed to ambient solar ultraviolet radiation. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 137, 283 291.
116. Joux, F., W. H. Jeffrey, P. Lebaron D. L. Mitchell (1999) Marine bacterial isolates display diverse responses to UV-B radiation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65, 3820 3827.
117. Lakhanisky, T., B. Hendrickx, R. F. Mouton J. J. Cornelis (1979) A serological study of removal of UV-induced photoproducts in the DNA of Tetrahymena pyriformis GL: Influence of caffeine, quinacrine and chloroquine. Photochem. Photobiol. 29, 851 853.
118. Lyons, M. M., P. Aas, J. D. Pakulski, L. van Wassbergen, D. L. Mitchell, R. V. Miller W. H. Jeffrey (1998) Ultraviolet radiation induced DNA damage in coral reef microbial communities. Mar. Biol. 14, 215 222.
119. Meador, J., W. H. Jeffrey, J. P. Kase, J. D. Pakulski, S. Chiarello D. L. Mitchell (2002) Seasonal fluctuation of DNA photodamage in marine plankton assemblages at Palmer Station, Antarctica. Photochem. Photobiol. 75, 266 271.
120. Meador, J. A., A. J. Baldwin, P. Catala, W. H. Jeffrey, F. Joux, J. A. Moss, J. Dean Pakulski, R. Stevens D. L. Mitchell (2009) Sunlight-induced DNA damage in marine micro-organisms collected along a latitudinal gradient from 70 degrees N to 68 degrees S. Photochem. Photobiol. 85, 412 420.
121. Okaichi, K., T. Mori, M. Ihara T. Ohnishi (1995) Unique DNA repair property of an ultraviolet-sensitive (radC) mutant of Dictyostelium discoideum. Photochem. Photobiol. 61, 281 284.
122. Tang, M. S., J. Hrncir, D. Mitchell, J. Ross J. Clarkson (1986) The relative cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and (6-4) photoproducts in Escherichia coli cells. Mutat. Res. 161, 9 17.
123. Visser, P. M., E. Snelder, A. J. Kop, P. Boelen, A. G. J. Buma F. C. van Duyl (1999) Effects of UV radiation on DNA photodamage and production in bacterioplankton in the coastal Caribbean Sea. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 20, 49 58.
124. Koehler, D. R., J. Courcelle P. C. Hanawalt (1996) Kinetics of pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproduct repair in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 178, 1347 1350.
125. Macaluso, A. L., D. L. Mitchell R. W. Sanders (2009) Direct effects of UV-B radiation on the freshwater heterotrophic nanoflagellate Paraphysomonas sp. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 4525 4530.
126. Sanders, R. W., A. L. Macaluso, T. J. Sardina D. L. Mitchell (2006) Photoreactivation in two freshwater ciliates: Differential responses to variations in UV-B flux and temperature. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 40, 283 292.
127. Baker, T. I., R. J. Radloff, C. E. Cords, S. R. Engel D. L. Mitchell (1991) The induction and repair of (6-4) photoproducts in Neurospora crassa. Mutat. Res. 255, 211 218.
128. Davey, S., M. L. Nass, J. V. Ferrer, K. Sidik, A. Eisenberger, D. L. Mitchell G. A. Freyer (1997) The fission yeast UVDR DNA repair pathway is inducible. Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 1002 1008.
129. McCready, S. (1994) Repair of 6-4 photoproducts and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in rad mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat. Res. 315, 261 273.
130. McCready, S., A. M. Carr A. R. Lehmann (1993) Repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol. Microbiol. 10, 885 890.
131. McCready, S. B. Cox (1993) Repair of 6-4 photoproducts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat. Res. 293, 233 240.
132. Reed, S. H., S. Boiteux R. Waters (1996) UV-induced endonuclease III-sensitive sites at the mating type loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are repaired by nucleotide excision repair: RAD7 and RAD16 are not required for their removal from HML alpha. Mol. Gen. Genet. 250, 505 514.
133. Shimura, M., Y. Ito, C. Ishii, H. Yajima, H. Linden, T. Harashima, A. Yasui H. Inoue (1999) Characterization of a Neurospora crassa photolyase-deficient mutant generated by repeat induced point mutation of the phr gene. Fungal Genet. Biol. 28, 12 20.
134. Ballare, C. L., A. L. Scopel, A. E. Stapleton M. J. Yanovsky (1996) Solar ultraviolet-B radiation affects seedling emergence, DNA integrity, plant morphology, growth rate, and attractiveness to herbivore insects in Datura ferox. Plant Physiol. 112, 161 170.
135. Boelen, P., M. J. Veldhuis A. G. Buma (2001) Accumulation and repair of UVBR mediated DNA damage in marine tropical plankton subjected to mixed and simulated non-mixed conditions. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 24, 265 274.
136. Britt, A. B., J. J. Chen, D. Wykoff D. Mitchell (1993) A UV-sensitive mutant of Arabidopsis defective in the repair of pyrimidine-pyrimidinone(6-4) dimers. Science 261, 1571 1574.
137. Buma, A. G., E. W. Helbling, M. K. de Boer V. E. Villafane (2001) Patterns of DNA damage and photoinhibition in temperate South-Atlantic picophytoplankton exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol. 62, 9 18.
138. Buma, A. G., E. J. van Hannen, M. J. Veldhuis, L. Roza W. W. C. Gieskes (1995) Monitoring ultraviolet-D-induced DNA damage in individual diatom cells by immunofluorescent thymine dimer detection. J. Phycol. 31, 314 321.
139. Buma, A. G. J., M. K. de Boer P. Boelen (2001) Depth distributions of DNA damage in Antarctic marine phyto- and bacterioplankton exposed to summertime UV radiation. J. Phycol. 37, 200 208.
140. Buma, A. G. J., A. H. Engelen W. W. C. Gieskes (1997) Wavelength-dependent induction of thymine dimers and growth rate reduction in the marine diatom Cyclotella sp. exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 153, 91 97.
141. Buma, A. G. J., E. J. VanHannen, M. J. W. Veldhuis W. W. C. Gieskes (1996) UV-B induces DNA damage and DNA synthesis delay in the marine diatom Cyclotella sp. Sci. Mar. 60, 101 106.
142. Buma, A. G. J., S. W. Wright, R. van den Enden, W. H. van de Poll A. T. Davidson (2006) PAR acclimation and UVBR-induced DNA damage in Antarctic marine microalgae. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 315, 33 42.
143. Chen, J. J., D. L. Mitchell A. B. Britt (1994) A light-dependent pathway for the elimination of UV-induced pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidinone photoproducts in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 6, 1311 1317.
144. Fidantsef, A. L., D. L. Mitchell A. B. Britt (2000) The Arabidopsis UVH1 gene is a homolog of the yeast repair endonuclease RAD1. Plant Physiol. 124, 579 586.
145. Hada, M., K. Hino, G. Buchholz, J. Goss, E. Wellmann M. Shin (2000) Assay of DNA photolyase activity in spinach leaves in relation to cell compartmentation - Evidence for lack of DNA photolyase in chloroplasts. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64, 1288 1291.
146. Jiang, C. Z., J. Yee, D. L. Mitchell A. B. Britt (1997) Photorepair mutants of Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 7441 7445.
147. Karentz, D., I. E. Cleaver D. L. Mitchell (1991) Ultraviolet photobiology of Antarctic Bacillariphyceae (diatoms): Molecular and biological responses to UV-B radiation. J. Phycol. 27, 326 341.
148. Liu, Z., S. W. Hong, M. Escobar, E. Vierling, D. L. Mitchell, D. W. Mount J. D. Hall (2003) Arabidopsis UVH6, a homolog of human XPD and yeast RAD3 DNA repair genes, functions in DNA repair and is essential for plant growth. Plant Physiol. 132, 1405 1414.
149. Liu, Z., G. S. Hossain, M. A. Islas-Osuna, D. L. Mitchell D. W. Mount (2000) Repair of UV damage in plants by nucleotide excision repair: Arabidopsis UVH1 DNA repair gene is a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad1. Plant J. 21, 519 528.
150. Lud, D., A. G. J. Buma, W. van de Poll, T. C. W. Moerdijk A. H. L. Huiskes (2001) DNA damage and photosynthetic performance in the Antarctic terrestrial alga Prasiola crispa ssp antarctica (Chlorophyta) under manipulated UV-B radiation. J. Phycol. 37, 459 467.
151. Pakker, H., R. S. T. Martins, P. Boelen, A. G. J. Buma, O. Nikaido A. M. Breeman (2000) Effects of temperature on the photoreactivation of ultraviolet-B-induced DNA damage in Palmaria palmata (Rhodophyta). J. Phycol. 36, 334 341.
152. Tanaka, A., A. Sakamoto, Y. Ishigaki, O. Nikaido, G. Sun, Y. Hase, N. Shikazono, S. Tano H. Watanabe (2002) An ultraviolet-B-resistant mutant with enhanced DNA repair in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 129, 64 71.
153. van de Poll, W. H., A. Eggert, A. G. J. Buma A. M. Breeman (2001) Effects of UV-B-induced DNA damage and photoinhibition on growth of temperate marine red macrophytes: Habitat-related differences in UV-B tolerance. J. Phycol. 37, 30 37.
154. van de Poll, W. H., D. Hanelt, K. Hoyer, A. G. Buma A. M. Breeman (2002) Ultraviolet-B-induced cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimer formation and repair in Arctic marine macrophytes. Photochem. Photobiol. 76, 493 500.
155. Li, S., M. Paulsson L. O. Bjorn (2002) Temperature-dependent formation and photorepair of DNA damage induced by UV-B radiation in suspension-cultured tobacco cells. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol. 66, 67 72.
156. Hartman, P. S., J. Hevelone, V. Dwarakanath D. L. Mitchell (1989)
157. Hartman, P. S., V. J. Simpson, T. Johnson D. Mitchell (1988) Radiation sensitivity and DNA repair in Caenorhabditis elegans strains with different mean life spans. Mutat. Res. 208, 77 82.
158. Karentz, D., I. Bosch D. M. Mitchell (2004) Limited effects of Antarctic ozone depletion on sea urchin development. Mar. Biol. 145, 277 292.
159. Lesser, M. P., V. A. Kruse T. M. Barry (2003) Exposure to ultraviolet radiation causes apoptosis in developing sea urchin embryos. J. Exp. Biol. 206, 4097 4103.
160. Connelly, S. J., R. E. Moeller, G. Sanchez D. L. Mitchell (2009) Temperature effects on survival and DNA repair in four freshwater cladoceran Daphnia species exposed to UV radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. 85, 144 152.
161. Kim, G. B., R. F. Lee D. L. Mitchell (2000) Damage of grass shrimp (Palomonetes pugio) embryo DNA by summer sunlight and rapid DNA repair in the dark. Mar. Biol. 137, 675 682.
162. MacFadyen, E. J., C. E. Williamson, G. Grad, M. Lowery, W. H. Jeffrey D. Mitchell (2004) Molecular response to climate change: Temperature dependence of UV-induced DNA damage and repair in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulicaria. Glob. Chang. Biol. 10, 408 416.
163. Goukassian, D., F. Gad, M. Yaar, M. S. Eller, U. S. Nehal B. A. Gilchrest (2000) Mechanisms and implications of the age-associated decrease in DNA repair capacity. FASEB J. 14, 1325 1334.
164. Mitchell, D. L., J. M. Clarkson, C. C. Chao B. S. Rosenstein (1986) Repair of cyclobutane dimers and (6-4) photoproducts in ICR 2A frog cells. Photochem. Photobiol. 43, 595 597.
165. Malloy, K. D., M. A. Holman, D. Mitchell H. W. Detrich III. (1997) Solar UVB-induced DNA damage and photoenzymatic DNA repair in Antarctic zooplankton. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 1258 1263.
166. Meador, J. A., R. B. Walter D. L. Mitchell (2000) Induction, distribution and repair of UV photodamage in the platyfish, Xiphophorus signum. Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 260 266.
167. Mitchell, D. L., T. Adams-Deutsch M. H. Olson (2009) Dose dependence of DNA repair in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae exposed to UV-B radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 8, 75 81.
168. Mitchell, D. L., R. S. Nairn, D. A. Johnston, M. Byrom, S. Kazianis R. B. Walter (2004) Decreased levels of (6-4) photoproduct excision repair in hybrid fish of the genus Xiphophorus. Photochem. Photobiol. 79, 447 452.
169. Mitchell, D. L., J. T. Scoggins D. C. Morizot (1993) DNA repair in the variable platyfish (Xiphophorus variatus) irradiated in vivo with ultraviolet B light. Photochem. Photobiol. 58, 455 459.
170. Moredock, S., R. S. Nairn, D. A. Johnston, M. Byrom, G. Heaton, M. Lowery D. L. Mitchell (2003) Mechanisms underlying DNA damage resistance in a Xiphophorus melanoma cell line. Carcinogenesis 24, 1967 1975.
171. Olson, M. H., T. Adams-Deutsch, K. J. Cassels, A. E. Oliver D. L. Mitchell (2008) Patterns of ultraviolet radiation exposure in bluegill nests over the course of the spawning season. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 137, 1446 1454.
172. Olson, M. H., M. R. Colip, J. S. Gerlach D. L. Mitchell (2006) Quantifying ultraviolet radiation mortality risk in bluegill larvae: Effects of nest location. Ecol. Appl. 16, 328 338.
173. Olson, M. H. D. L. Mitchell (2006) Interspecific variation in UV defense mechanisms among temperate freshwater fishes. Photochem. Photobiol. 82, 606 610.
174. Mitchell, D. L., L. A. Applegate, R. S. Nairn R. D. Ley (1990) Photoreactivation of cyclobutane dimers and (6-4) photoproducts in the epidermis of the marsupial, Monodelphis domestica. Photochem. Photobiol. 51, 653 658.
175. Berton, T. R., C. J. Conti, D. L. Mitchell, C. M. Aldaz, R. A. Lubet S. M. Fischer (1998) The effect of vitamin E acetate on ultraviolet-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis. Mol. Carcinog. 23, 175 184.
176. Berton, T. R., D. L. Mitchell, S. M. Fischer M. F. Locniskar (1997) Epidermal proliferation but not quantity of DNA photodamage is correlated with UV-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 109, 340 347.
177. Berton, T. R., D. L. Mitchell, R. Guo D. G. Johnson (2005) Regulation of epidermal apoptosis and DNA repair by E2F1 in response to ultraviolet B radiation. Oncogene 24, 2449 2460.
178. Busch, D. B., H. van Vuuren, J. de Wit, A. Collins, M. Z. Zdzienicka, D. L. Mitchell, K. W. Brookman, M. Stefanini, R. Riboni, L. H. Thompson, R. B. Albert, A. J. van Gool J. Hoeijmakers (1997) Phenotypic heterogeneity in nucleotide excision repair mutants of rodent complementation groups 1 and 4. Mutat. Res. 383, 91 106.
179. Clarkson, J. M. D. L. Mitchell (1983) The effect of various inhibitors of DNA synthesis on the repair of DNA photoproducts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 740, 355 361.
180. Itoh, T., T. Shiomi, N. Shiomi, Y. Harada, M. Wakasugi, T. Matsunaga, O. Nikaido, E. C. Friedberg M. Yamaizumi (1996) Rodent complementation group 8 (ERCC8) corresponds to Cockayne syndrome complementation group A. Mutat. Res. 362, 167 174.
181. Jans, J., W. Schul, Y. G. Sert, Y. Rijksen, H. Rebel, A. P. Eker, S. Nakajima, H. van Steeg, F. R. de Gruijl, A. Yasui, J. H. Hoeijmakers G. T. van der Horst (2005) Powerful skin cancer protection by a CPD-photolyase transgene. Curr. Biol. 15, 105 115.
182. Lange, S. S., D. L. Mitchell K. M. Vasquez (2008) High mobility group protein B1 enhances DNA repair and chromatin modification after DNA damage. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 10320 10325.
183. Li, G., V. C. Ho, D. L. Mitchell, M. J. Trotter V. A. Tron (1997) Differentiation-dependent p53 regulation of nucleotide excision repair in keratinocytes. Am. J. Pathol. 150, 1457 1464.
184. Li, G., D. L. Mitchell, V. C. Ho, J. C. Reed V. A. Tron (1996) Decreased DNA repair but normal apoptosis in ultraviolet-irradiated skin of p53-transgenic mice. Am. J. Pathol. 148, 1113 1123.
185. Liu, P. K. G. S. Hsu (1990) On the DNA polymerase-a mutant: Immunofluorescence assay of UV-induced thymidine dimers in Aphr-4-2 cells. Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 16, 49 57.
186. Mitchell, D. L., M. Byrom, S. Chiarello M. G. Lowery (2001) Attenuation of DNA damage in the dermis and epidermis of the albino hairless mouse by chronic exposure to ultraviolet-A and -B radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. 73, 83 89.
187. Mitchell, D. L., M. Byrom, S. Chiarello M. G. Lowery (2001) Effects of chronic exposure to ultraviolet B radiation on DNA repair in the dermis and epidermis of the hairless mouse. J. Invest. Dermatol. 116, 209 215.
188. Mitchell, D. L., J. M. Clarkson G. M. Adair (1986) The DNA of UV-irradiated normal and excision-deficient mammalian cells undergoes relaxation in an initial stage of DNA repair. Mutat. Res. 165, 123 128.
189. Mitchell, D. L., J. E. Cleaver J. H. Epstein (1990) Repair of pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproducts in mouse skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 95, 55 59.
190. Mitchell, D. L., R. Greinert, F. R. de Gruijl, K. L. Guikers, E. W. Breitbart, M. Byrom, M. M. Gallmeier, M. G. Lowery B. Volkmer (1999) Effects of chronic low-dose ultraviolet B radiation on DNA damage and repair in mouse skin. Cancer Res. 59, 2875 2884.
191. Mitchell, D. L., R. M. Humphrey, G. M. Adair, L. H. Thompson J. M. Clarkson (1988) Repair of (6-4)photoproducts correlates with split-dose recovery in UV-irradiated normal and hypersensitive rodent cells. Mutat. Res. 193, 53 63.
192. Mitchell, D. L., B. Volkmer, E. W. Breitbart, M. Byrom, M. G. Lowery R. Greinert (2001) Identification of a non-dividing subpopulation of mouse and human epidermal cells exhibiting high levels of persistent ultraviolet photodamage. J. Invest. Dermatol. 117, 590 595.
193. Mitchell, D. L., M. Z. Zdzienicka, A. A. van Zeeland R. S. Nairn (1989) Intermediate (6-4) photoproduct repair in Chinese hamster V79 mutant V-H1 correlates with intermediate levels of DNA incision and repair replication. Mutat. Res. 226, 43 47.
194. Mullaart, E., L. Roza, P. H. Lohman J. Vijg (1989) The removal of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers from DNA of rat skin cells in vitro and in vivo in relation to aging. Mech. Ageing Dev. 47, 253 264.
195. Nairn, R. S., D. L. Mitchell J. M. Clarkson (1985) Role of chromatin structure in the repair of DNA photoproducts in mammalian cells. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. Relat. Stud. Phys. Chem. Med. 47, 181 189.
196. Nijhof, J. G., C. van Pelt, A. A. Mulder, D. L. Mitchell, L. H. Mullenders F. R. de Gruijl (2007) Epidermal stem and progenitor cells in murine epidermis accumulate UV damage despite NER proficiency. Carcinogenesis 28, 792 800.
197. Rasko, I., M. Georgieva, G. Farkas, M. Santha, J. Coates, K. Burg, D. L. Mitchell R. T. Johnson (1993) New patterns of bulk DNA repair in ultraviolet irradiated mouse embryo carcinoma cells following differentiation. Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 19, 245 255.
198. Salmon, A. B., M. Ljungman R. A. Miller (2008) Cells from long-lived mutant mice exhibit enhanced repair of ultraviolet lesions. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 63, 219 231.
199. Schul, W., J. Jans, Y. M. Rijksen, K. H. Klemann, A. P. Eker, J. de Wit, O. Nikaido, S. Nakajima, A. Yasui, J. H. Hoeijmakers G. T. van der Horst (2002) Enhanced repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and improved UV resistance in photolyase transgenic mice. EMBO J. 21, 4719 4729.
200. Stefanini, M., A. R. Collins, R. Riboni, M. Klaude, E. Botta, D. L. Mitchell F. Nuzzo (1991) Novel Chinese hamster ultraviolet-sensitive mutants for excision repair form complementation groups 9 and 10. Cancer Res. 51, 3965 3971.
201. Thompson, L. H., D. L. Mitchell, J. D. Regan, S. D. Bouffler, S. A. Stewart, W. L. Carrier, R. S. Nairn R. T. Johnson (1989) CHO mutant UV61 removes (6-4) photoproducts but not cyclobutane dimers. Mutagenesis 4, 140 146.
202. Vink, A. A., R. J. Berg, F. R. de Gruijl, P. H. Lohman, L. Roza R. A. Baan (1993) Detection of thymine dimers in suprabasal and basal cells of chronically UV-B exposed hairless mice. J. Invest. Dermatol. 100, 795 799.
203. Vink, A. A., R. J. Berg, F. R. de Gruijl, L. Roza R. A. Baan (1991) Induction, repair and accumulation of thymine dimers in the skin of UV-B-irradiated hairless mice. Carcinogenesis 12, 861 864.
204. Vink, A. A., B. Henegouwen, O. Nikaido, R. A. Baan L. Roza (1994) Removal of UV-induced DNA lesions in mouse epidermis soon after irradiation. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol. 24, 25 31.
205. Vink, A. A., Y. Sontag, F. R. de Gruijl, L. Roza R. A. Baan (1994) Immunochemical detection of cyclobutane thymine dimers in epidermal Langerhans cells of ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mice. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 10, 8 12.
206. Wu, F., F. J. Burns, R. H. Zhang, A. N. Uddin T. G. Rossman (2005) Arsenite-induced alterations of DNA photodamage repair and apoptosis after solar-simulation UVR in mouse keratinocytes in vitro. Environ. Health Perspect. 113, 983 986.
207. Xu, G., G. Spivak, D. L. Mitchell, T. Mori, J. R. McCarrey, C. A. McMahan, R. B. Walter, P. C. Hanawalt C. A. Walter (2005) Nucleotide excision repair activity varies among murine spermatogenic cell types. Biol. Reprod. 73, 123 130.
208. Zdzienicka, M. Z., D. L. Mitchell, J. Venema, A. van Hoffen, A. A. van Zeeland, L. H. Mullenders, J. de Wit J. W. Simons (1991) DNA repair characteristics and mutability of the UV-sensitive V79 Chinese hamster cell mutant V-B11 (complementation group 7). Mutagenesis 6, 179 183.
209. Zdzienicka, M. Z., L. Roza, A. Westerveld, D. Bootsma J. W. Simons (1987) Biological and biochemical consequences of the human ERCC-1 repair gene after transfection into a repair-deficient CHO cell line. Mutat. Res. 183, 69 74.
210. Zdzienicka, M. Z., J. Venema, D. L. Mitchell, A. van Hoffen, A. A. van Zeeland, H. Vrieling, L. H. Mullenders, P. H. Lohman J. W. Simons (1992) (6-4) photoproducts and not cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers are the main UV-induced mutagenic lesions in Chinese hamster cells. Mutat. Res. 273, 73 83.
211. Andley, U. P., Z. Song D. L. Mitchell (1999) DNA repair and survival in human lens epithelial cells with extended lifespan. Curr. Eye Res. 18, 224 230.
212. Broughton, B. C., A. R. Lehmann, S. A. Harcourt, C. F. Arlett, A. Sarasin, W. J. Kleijer, F. A. Beemer, R. Nairn D. L. Mitchell (1990) Relationship between pyrimidine dimers, 6-4 photoproducts, repair synthesis and cell survival: Studies using cells from patients with trichothiodystrophy. Mutat. Res. 235, 33 40.
213. Campos, E. I., M. Martinka, D. L. Mitchell, D. L. Dai G. Li (2004) Mutations of the ING1 tumor suppressor gene detected in human melanoma abrogate nucleotide excision repair. Int. J. Oncol. 25, 73 80.
214. Chen, B., D. A. Simpson, Y. Zhou, A. Mitra, D. L. Mitchell, M. Cordeiro-Stone W. K. Kaufmann (2009) Human papilloma virus type16 E6 deregulates CHK1 and sensitizes human fibroblasts to environmental carcinogens independently of its effect on p53. Cell Cycle 8, 1775 1787.
215. Cheung, K. J., Jr., D. Mitchell, P. Lin G. Li (2001) The tumor suppressor candidate p33(ING1) mediates repair of UV-damaged DNA. Cancer Res. 61, 4974 4977.
216. Chouinard, N., J. P. Therrien, D. L. Mitchell, M. Robert, R. Drouin M. Rouabhia (2001) Repeated exposures of human skin equivalent to low doses of ultraviolet-B radiation lead to changes in cellular functions and accumulation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. Biochem. Cell Biol. 79, 507 515.
217. Cleaver, J. E., W. C. Charles, M. L. McDowell, W. J. Sadinski D. L. Mitchell (1995) Overexpression of the XPA repair gene increases resistance to ultraviolet radiation in human cells by selective repair of DNA damage. Cancer Res. 55, 6152 6160.
218. Cleaver, J. E., F. Cortes, D. Karentz, L. H. Lutze, W. F. Morgan, A. N. Player, L. Vuksanovic D. L. Mitchell (1988) The relative biological importance of cyclobutane dimer and (6-4) pyrimidine-pyrimidone dimer photoproducts in human cells: Evidence from a Xeroderma pigmentosum revertant. Photochem. Photobiol. 48, 41 49.
219. Cleaver, J. E., F. Cortes, L. H. Lutze, W. F. Morgan, A. N. Player D. L. Mitchell (1987) Unique DNA repair properties of a xeroderma pigmentosum revertant. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7, 3353 3357.
220. Emmert, S., N. Kobayashi, S. G. Khan K. H. Kraemer (2000) The xeroderma pigmentosum group C gene leads to selective repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers rather than 6-4 photoproducts. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 2151 2156.
221. Eveno, E., F. Bourre, X. Quilliet, O. Chevallier-Lagente, L. Roza, A. P. Eker, W. J. Kleijer, O. Nikaido, M. Stefanini, J. H. Hoeijmakers et al. (1995) Different removal of ultraviolet photoproducts in genetically related xeroderma pigmentosum and trichothiodystrophy diseases. Cancer Res. 55, 4325 4332.
222. Ghosh, R., C. H. Peng D. L. Mitchell (1996) Evidence for a novel DNA damage binding protein in human cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 6918 6923.
223. Greinert, R., O. Boguhn, D. Harder, E. W. Breitbart, D. L. Mitchell B. Volkmer (2000) The dose dependence of cyclobutane dimer induction and repair in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes. Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 701 708.
224. Hatton, D. H., D. L. Mitchell, P. T. Strickland R. T. Johnson (1995) Enhanced photoproduct repair: Its role in the DNA damage-resistance phenotype of human malignant melanoma cells. Cancer Res. 55, 181 189.
225. Hexsel, C. L., B. H. Mahmoud, D. Mitchell, J. Rivard, M. Owen, F. M. Strickland, H. W. Lim I. Hamzavi (2009) A clinical trial and molecular study of photoadaptation in vitiligo. Br. J. Dermatol. 160, 534 539.
226. Hiramoto, T., T. Matsunaga, M. Ichihashi, O. Nikaido, Y. Fujiwara Y. Mishima (1989) Repair of 254 nm ultraviolet-induced (6-4) photoproducts: Monoclonal antibody recognition and differential defects in xeroderma pigmentosum complementation groups A, D, and variant. J. Invest. Dermatol. 93, 703 706.
227. Hori, M., M. U. Udono, H. Yoshida, Y. Urata, K. Koike M. Ihara (1992) Immunochemical detection of unrepaired cyclobutane-type pyrimidine dimers of DNAs extracted from human skin tumours. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 284, 283 289.
228. Imoto, K., N. Kobayashi, S. Katsumi, Y. Nishiwaki, T. A. Iwamoto, A. Yamamoto, Y. Yamashina, T. Shirai, S. Miyagawa, Y. Dohi, S. Sugiura T. Mori (2002) The total amount of DNA damage determines ultraviolet-radiation-induced cytotoxicity after uniform or localized irradiation of human cells. J. Invest. Dermatol. 119, 1177 1182.
229. Ishizaki, K., T. Matsunaga, M. Kato, O. Nikaido M. Ikenaga (1992) Repair of thymine dimers and (6-4) photoproducts in group A xeroderma pigmentosum cell lines harboring a transferred normal chromosome 9. Photochem. Photobiol. 56, 365 369.
230. Karentz, D., D. Mitchell J. E. Cleaver (1987) Correction of excision repair in xeroderma pigmentosum by hamster chromosome fragments involves both classes of pyrimidine dimers. Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 13, 621 625.
231. Laurent, E., D. L. Mitchell, Z. Estrov, M. Lowery, S. L. Tucker, M. Talpaz R. Kurzrock (2003) Impact of p210(Bcr-Abl) on ultraviolet C wavelength-induced DNA damage and repair. Clin. Cancer Res. 9, 3722 3730.
232. Mitchell, D. L., J. E. Cleaver, M. P. Lowery R. R. Hewitt (1995) Induction and repair of (6-4) photoproducts in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum variant cells during the cell cycle. Mutat. Res. 337, 161 167.
233. Mitchell, D. L., T. V. Gallagher R. E. Thomas (2008) The human factors of implementing shift work in logging operations. J. Agric. Saf. Health 14, 391 404.
234. Mitchell, D. L., C. A. Haipek J. M. Clarkson (1987) Xeroderma pigmentosum variant cells are not defective in the repair of (6-4) photoproducts. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. Relat. Stud. Phys. Chem. Med. 52, 201 205.
235. Mitchell, D. L., T. D. Nguyen J. E. Cleaver (1990) Nonrandom induction of pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproducts in ultraviolet-irradiated human chromatin. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 5353 5356.
236. Mori, T., T. L. Rinaldy, R. S. Athwal, G. P. Kaur, O. Nikaido, R. S. Lloyd A. Rinaldy (1993) A xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A related gene: Confirmation using monoclonal antibodies against the cyclobutane dimer and (6-4) photoproduct. Mutat. Res. 293, 143 150.
237. Nairn, R. S., D. L. Mitchell, G. M. Adair, L. H. Thompson, M. J. Siciliano R. M. Humphrey (1989) UV mutagenesis, cytotoxicity and split-dose recovery in a human-CHO cell hybrid having intermediate (6-4) photoproduct repair. Mutat. Res. 217, 193 201.
238. Nishiwaki, Y., N. Kobayashi, K. Imoto, T. A. Iwamoto, A. Yamamoto, S. Katsumi, T. Shirai, S. Sugiura, Y. Nakamura, A. Sarasin, S. Miyagawa T. Mori (2004) Trichothiodystrophy fibroblasts are deficient in the repair of ultraviolet-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and (6-4)photoproducts. J. Invest. Dermatol. 122, 526 532.
239. Otoshi, E., T. Yagi, T. Mori, T. Matsunaga, O. Nikaido, S. T. Kim, K. Hitomi, M. Ikenaga T. Todo (2000) Respective roles of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, (6-4)photoproducts, and minor photoproducts in ultraviolet mutagenesis of repair-deficient xeroderma pigmentosum A cells. Cancer Res. 60, 1729 1735.
240. Plaza, S., A. Boullard, D. Pele, J. J. Cornelis, J. Rommelaere, P. U. Giacomoni M. Prunieras (1991) Unscheduled DNA synthesis: A quantitative indicator of residual immunodetectable pyrimidine dimers in human fibroblasts after ultraviolet-B irradiation. Photochem. Photobiol. 53, 217 227.
241. Rosenstein, B. S. D. L. Mitchell (1991) The repair of DNA damages induced in normal human skin fibroblasts exposed to simulated sunlight. Radiat. Res. 126, 338 342.
242. Roth, M., L. R. Emmons, M. Haner, H. J. Muller J. M. Boyle (1989) Age-related decrease in an early step of DNA-repair of normal human lymphocytes exposed to ultraviolet-irradiation. Exp. Cell Res. 180, 171 177.
243. Suquet, C., D. L. Mitchell M. J. Smerdon (1995) Repair of UV-induced (6-4) photoproducts in nucleosome core DNA. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 16507 16509.
244. Takahashi, Y., S. Moriwaki, Y. Sugiyama, Y. Endo, K. Yamazaki, T. Mori, M. Takigawa S. Inoue (2005) Decreased gene expression responsible for post-ultraviolet DNA repair synthesis in aging: A possible mechanism of age-related reduction in DNA repair capacity. J. Invest. Dermatol. 124, 435 442.
245. Ueda, M., T. Matsunaga, T. Bito, O. Nikaido M. Ichihashi (1996) Higher cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer and (6-4) photoproduct yields in epidermis of normal humans with increased sensitivity to ultraviolet B radiation. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 12, 22 26.
246. Wakasugi, M., Y. Abe, Y. Yoshida, T. Matsunaga O. Nikaido (1996) Purification of a novel UV-damaged-DNA binding protein highly specific for (6-4) photoproduct. Nucleic Acids Res. 24, 1099 1004.
247. Young, A. R., C. A. Chadwick, G. I. Harrison, J. L. Hawk, O. Nikaido C. S. Potten (1996) The in situ repair kinetics of epidermal thymine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts in human skin types I and II. J. Invest. Dermatol. 106, 1307 1313.
248. Snopov, S. A., F. R. de Gruijl, L. Roza J. C. van der Leun (2004) Immunochemical study of DNA modifications in the nuclei of UV-damaged lymphocytes. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 3, 85 90.
249. Volker, M., M. J. Mone, P. Karmakar, A. van Hoffen, W. Schul, W. Vermeulen, J. H. Hoeijmakers, R. van Driel, A. A. van Zeeland L. H. Mullenders (2001) Sequential assembly of the nucleotide excision repair factors in vivo. Mol. Cell 8, 213 224.
250. Mone, M. J., M. Volker, O. Nikaido, L. H. Mullenders, A. A. van Zeeland, P. J. Verschure, E. M. Manders R. van Driel (2001) Local UV-induced DNA damage in cell nuclei results in local transcription inhibition. EMBO Rep. 2, 1013 1017.
251. Katsumi, S., N. Kobayashi, K. Imoto, A. Nakagawa, Y. Yamashina, T. Muramatsu, T. Shirai, S. Miyagawa, S. Sugiura, F. Hanaoka, T. Matsunaga, O. Nikaido T. Mori (2001) In situ visualization of ultraviolet-light-induced DNA damage repair in locally irradiated human fibroblasts. J. Invest. Dermatol. 117, 1156 1161.
252. Fitch, M. E., I. V. Cross J. M. Ford (2003) p53 responsive nucleotide excision repair gene products p48 and XPC, but not p53, localize to sites of UV-irradiation-induced DNA damage, in vivo. Carcinogenesis 24, 843 850.
253. Fitch, M. E., S. Nakajima, A. Yasui J. M. Ford (2003) In vivo recruitment of XPC to UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers by the DDB2 gene product. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 46906 46910.
254. Wakasugi, M., A. Kawashima, H. Morioka, S. Linn, A. Sancar, T. Mori, O. Nikaido T. Matsunaga (2002) DDB accumulates at DNA damage sites immediately after UV irradiation and directly stimulates nucleotide excision repair. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 1637 1640.
255. Wang, Q. E., Q. Zhu, M. A. Wani, G. Wani, J. Chen A. A. Wani (2003) Tumor suppressor p53 dependent recruitment of nucleotide excision repair factors XPC and TFIIH to DNA damage. DNA Repair (Amst) 2, 483 499.
256. Ford, J. M. P. C. Hanawalt (1997) Expression of wild-type p53 is required for efficient global genomic nucleotide excision repair in UV-irradiated human fibroblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 28073 28080.
257. Ford, J. M., E. L. Baron P. C. Hanawalt (1998) Human fibroblasts expressing the human papillomavirus E6 gene are deficient in global genomic nucleotide excision repair and sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation. Cancer Res. 58, 599 603.
258. Fitch, M. E., I. V. Cross, S. J. Turner, S. Adimoolam, C. X. Lin, K. G. Williams J. M. Ford (2003) The DDB2 nucleotide excision repair gene product p48 enhances global genomic repair in p53 deficient human fibroblasts. DNA Repair (Amst) 2, 819 826.
259. Hwang, B. J., J. M. Ford, P. C. Hanawalt G. Chu (1999) Expression of the p48 xeroderma pigmentosum gene is p53-dependent and is involved in global genomic repair. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 424 428.
260. Tang, J. Y., B. J. Hwang, J. M. Ford, P. C. Hanawalt G. Chu (2000) Xeroderma pigmentosum p48 gene enhances global genomic repair and suppresses UV-induced mutagenesis. Mol. Cell 5, 737 744.
261. Mitchell, D. (2004) Successful treatment of granuloma faciale with tacrolimus. Dermatol. Online J. 10, 23.
262. Mitchell, D. L. R. S. Nairn (1989) The biology of the (6-4) photoproduct. Photochem. Photobiol. 49, 805 819.
263. de Lima-Bessa, K. M., M. G. Armelini, V. Chigancas, J. F. Jacysyn, G. P. Amarante-Mendes, A. Sarasin C. F. Menck (2008) CPDs and 6-4PPs play different roles in UV-induced cell death in normal and NER-deficient human cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 7, 303 312.
264. Nakajima, S., L. Lan, S. Kanno, M. Takao, K. Yamamoto, A. P. Eker A. Yasui (2004) UV light-induced DNA damage and tolerance for the survival of nucleotide excision repair-deficient human cells. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 46674 46677.
265. Mitchell, D. L. (2000) Effects of cytosine methylation on pyrimidine dimer formation in DNA. Photochem. Photobiol. 71, 162 165.
266. Courdavault, S., C. Baudouin, M. Charveron, B. Canguilhem, A. Favier, J. Cadet T. Douki (2005) Repair of the three main types of bipyrimidine DNA photoproducts in human keratinocytes exposed to UVB and UVA radiations. DNA Repair (Amst) 4, 836 844.
267. Mitchell, D. L. P. S. Hartman (1990) The regulation of DNA repair during development. BioEssays 12, 74 79.
268. Nouspikel, T. P. C. Hanawalt (2000) Terminally differentiated human neurons repair transcribed genes but display attenuated global DNA repair and modulation of repair gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 1562 1570.
269. Yamamoto, A., Y. Nakamura, N. Kobayashi, T. Iwamoto, A. Yoshioka, H. Kuniyasu, T. Kishimoto T. Mori (2007) Neurons and astrocytes exhibit lower activities of global genome nucleotide excision repair than do fibroblasts. DNA Repair (Amst) 6, 649 657.
270. van der Wees, C. G., M. P. Vreeswijk, M. Persoon, A. van der Laarse, A. A. van Zeeland L. H. Mullenders (2003) Deficient global genome repair of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in terminally differentiated myocytes and proliferating fibroblasts from the rat heart. DNA Repair (Amst) 2, 1297 1308.
271. Hsu, P. H., P. C. Hanawalt T. Nouspikel (2007) Nucleotide excision repair phenotype of human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines at various stages of differentiation. Mutat. Res. 614, 3 15.
272. Mitchell, D. L. (1999) Quantification of DNA photopoducts in mammalian cell DNA using radioimmunoassay. In Methods in Molecular Biology, DNA Repair Protocols (Edited by D. S. Henderson pp. 165 175. The Humana Press, Inc., Totowa, NJ.
273. Sontag, Y., C. L. Guikers, A. A. Vink, F. R. de Gruijl, H. van Loveren, J. Garssen, L. Roza, M. L. Kripke, J. C. van der Leun W. A. van Vloten (1995) Cells with UV-specific DNA damage are present in murine lymph nodes after in vivo UV irradiation. J. Invest. Dermatol. 104, 734 738.
274. Arlett, C. F., J. E. Lowe, S. A. Harcourt, A. P. Waugh, J. Cole, L. Roza, B. L. Diffey, T. Mori, O. Nikaido M. H. Green (1993) Hypersensitivity of human lymphocytes to UV-B and solar irradiation. Cancer Res. 53, 609 614.
275. Vink, A. A., F. M. Strickland, C. Bucana, P. A. Cox, L. Roza, D. B. Yarosh M. L. Kripke (1996) Localization of DNA damage and its role in altered antigen-presenting cell function in ultraviolet-irradiated mice. J. Exp. Med. 183, 1491 1500.
276. Nghiem, D. X., N. Kazimi, D. L. Mitchell, A. A. Vink, H. N. Ananthaswamy, M. L. Kripke S. E. Ullrich (2002) Mechanisms underlying the suppression of established immune responses by ultraviolet radiation. J. Invest. Dermatol. 119, 600 608.
277. George, A. L., H. J. Peat A. G. Buma (2002) Evaluation of DNA dosimetry to assess ozone-mediated variability of biologically harmful radiation in Antarctica. Photochem. Photobiol. 76, 274 280.
278. Modos, K., S. Gaspar, T. Kerekgyarto, A. A. Vink, L. Roza A. Fekete (1999) The role of the spectral sensitivity curve in the selection of relevant biological dosimeters for solar UV monitoring. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol. 53, 20 25.
279. Schuch, A. P., R. da Silva Galhardo, K. M. de Lima-Bessa, N. J. Schuch C. F. Menck (2009) Development of a DNA-dosimeter system for monitoring the effects of solar-ultraviolet radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 8, 111 120.
280. Mitchell, D. L. D. Karentz (1993) The induction and repair of DNA photodamage in the environment. In Environmental UV Photobiology (Edited by A. R. Young, L. O. Bjorn, J. Moan W. Nultsch pp. 345 378. Plenum Press, New York.
281. Mitchell, D. L., J. Meador, L. Paniker, D. Gasparutto, W. H. Jeffrey J. Cadet (2002) Development and application of a novel immunoassay for measuring oxidative DNA damage in the environment. Photochem. Photobiol. 75, 257 265.
282. Scott, C. E., J. E. Saros, C. E. Williamson, C. R. Salm, S. C. Peters D. L. Mitchell (2009) Effects of nutrients and dissolved organic matter on the response of phytoplankton to ultraviolet radiation: Experimental comparison in spring versus summer. Hydrobiologia 619, 155 166.
283. Tucker, A., C. E. Williamson, K. Rose, J. Oris, S. J. Connelly, M. Olson D. Mitchell (2009) Ultraviolet radiation affects invasibility of warmwater fishes in lake ecosystems. Ecology. [In press]